The Station nightclub fire

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uncontrolled. Twenty seconds after the pyrotechnics ended, the band stopped playing, and lead singer Jack Russell calmly remarked into the microphone, "Wow... that's not good." Within 40 seconds of the ignition, Great White had stopped playing and left the stage and the venue's fire alarm began to sound, but it was not connected to the local fire department. The Station had no sprinkler system installed. Thick smoke began to fill the Station one minute after the ignition, and the crowd began to escape the building. The fire spread throughout the building and completely engulfed it within six minutes of the pyrotechnic ignition.

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prison in 2008 after some families of the victims expressed their support for his parole. Jeffrey and Michael Derderian, the owners of the Station, pleaded no contest and avoided a trial: Michael received the same sentence as Biechele and was released from prison in 2009, while Jeffrey received a sentence of 500 hours of community service. Legal action against several parties, including Great White, was resolved with monetary settlements by 2008.

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which was against code. The follow-up inspection in December 2002 also did not cite the foam, and the inspector gave the building an "All OK" rating on his inspection form. Larocque later told the Rhode Island State Police that he had not spotted the polyurethane foam during the November 2002 inspection because he was upset after finding an illegal inward swinging door that he had previously asked to be removed from the building.

1065:, commemorating the tenth anniversary of the fire. Russell planned to donate the proceeds to the Station Fire Memorial Foundation. However, the organization asked to be disassociated from the concert, citing the animosity that many survivors and surviving families still felt. Russell raised about $ 180 from the concert, but the Memorial Foundation refused the donation, a decision supported by Kendall. In 2013, Kendall told 272: 373:, who died in the fire, bass guitarist David Filice, and drummer Eric Powers. Great White's popularity had waned in the decade before the Station fire, and this iteration of the band had been performing on a touring circuit of small clubs with capacities of up to 500 people. Although the band was officially known as Jack Russell's Great White at the time, and their tour was initially named after Russell's 2002 solo album 514: 506: 1041:

The band initially retired "Desert Moon", the song they were performing when the fire began, from their concert setlist. "I don't think I could ever sing that song again," said Russell. Kendall said in 2005, "We haven't played that song. Things that bring back memories of that night we try to stay away from. And that song reminds us of that night. We haven't played it since then and probably never will."

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counts of involuntary manslaughter in violation of a misdemeanor. West Warwick fire marshal Denis Larocque was not charged by the grand jury, as Lynch had cited a state law that prevented charges against fire marshals without proof of bad faith. The grand jury also did not return charges against the band's lead singer, Jack Russell.

369:. At the time of their performance at the Station, there were two of Great White's original members in the lineup: lead singer Russell and guitarist Mark Kendall. Kendall, who had co-founded the band with Russell in 1977, had rejoined Russell's version of the group in 2002. The rest of the lineup included guitarist 644:

on February 26, 2003. On December 9, 2003, the grand jury announced indictments against Station owners Jeffrey and Michael Derderian and Jack Russell's Great White road manager Daniel M. Biechele. The three were each charged with 100 counts of involuntary manslaughter with criminal negligence and 100

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rendered mutual aid to the fire site. The Cowesett Inn restaurant across the street from the Station acted as an ad-hoc burn triage and command center for first responders. A portion of the nightclub roof collapsed at 11:57 p.m., and a second portion in the building's sunroom collapsed at 12:07 a.m..

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Victims' families have also cited overcrowding in the venue as a cause for the casualties during the fire. Larocque had set various capacities for the Station in the years before the fire based on whether pool tables and other items could be moved. The capacity for the Station was either 258 or 404,

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That's when I turned back. I went around back. There was no one coming out the back door anymore. I kicked out a side window to try to get people out of there. One guy did crawl out. I went back around the front again, and that's when you saw people stacked on top of each other, trying to get out of

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Russell considered disbanding Great White after the fire but reconsidered when he decided to embark on a benefit tour. The tour started five months after the fire, and each concert began with a prayer for survivors and families. The band raised $ 185,000 for the Station Family Fund during the tour.

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The site of the fire was cleared, and a multitude of crosses were placed as memorials left by loved ones of the deceased. On May 20, 2003, nondenominational services began to be held at the fire site for several months. Access remains open to the public, and memorial services are held each February

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office received a fax from Barry Warner, a former employee of American Foam who lived nearby the Station, who claimed the company had known about the dangers of polyurethane foam but did not warn their employees about it. Although Warner was called to testify to a grand jury, he was not asked about

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Of the 462 people in the building for the concert, 100 were killed, 230 were injured, and 132 escaped uninjured. Ninety-six individuals died at the scene, and four more died in the hospital in the following weeks. Among those who died in the fire were Great White guitarist Ty Longley and the show's

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Before being converted into a nightclub and concert venue, the Station building had been used as a restaurant and tavern. A fire had previously occurred at the building in 1972 while it was used as a restaurant called Julio's. No occupants were in the building during the 1972 fire, but the interior

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After the fire, multiple civil and criminal cases were filed. Daniel Biechele, the tour manager for Great White who had ignited the pyrotechnics, pled guilty to 100 counts of involuntary manslaughter in 2006 and was sentenced to fifteen years in prison with four to serve. Biechele was released from

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As a result of this and other similar incidents, fire chiefs, fire marshals, and inspectors require trained crowd managers to comply with the International Fire Code, NFPA-101 Life Safety Code, NFPA-1 Fire Code, and many local ordinances that address safety in public assembly occupancies. However,

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In June 2003, the Station Fire Memorial Foundation (SFMF) was formed to purchase the property to build and maintain a memorial. In September 2012, the owner of the land, Ray Villanova, donated the site to the SFMF. By April 2016, $ 1.65 million of the $ 2 million fundraising goal had been achieved

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At first, there was no panic. Everybody just kind of turned. Most people still just stood there. In the other rooms, the smoke hadn't gotten to them, the flame wasn't that bad, they didn't think anything of it. Well, I guess once we all started to turn toward the door, and we got bottlenecked into

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It was that fast. As soon as the pyrotechnics stopped, the flame had started on the egg crate backing behind the stage, and it just went up the ceiling. And people stood and watched it, and some people backed off. When I turned around, some people were already trying to leave, and others were just

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columnist Ian Donnis wrote of the effect that the fire had on the close-knit Rhode Island community, "The loss of so much life would represent a tragedy anywhere, but it struck especially hard in Rhode Island, the nation's smallest state, where no place is more than an hour away by car..." Many of

455:, cylindrical devices that produce a controlled spray of sparks. Biechele used four gerbs that were set to spray sparks 15 feet (4.6 m) for fifteen seconds. Two gerbs were at 45-degree angles, with the middle two pointing straight up. The flanking gerbs became the principal cause of the fire. 1058:

group responded that Russell had no right to use the name. After a 2013 legal settlement between the two parties, Kendall's band retained the Great White name, while Russell's band was allowed to use the name Jack Russell's Great White. By 2013, Russell's group had resumed playing "Desert Moon".

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Russell left Great White in 2010. In the years following the fire, Great White split into two separate groups, one led by Russell and the other by Kendall. Kendall's version of the band holds the copyright for the Great White name. When Russell launched his version of the band in 2012, Kendall's

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in the narrow hallway led to that exit being blocked completely and resulted in numerous deaths and injuries among the patrons and staff. Multiple survivors claimed that two bouncers blocked the stage door as attendees attempted to escape the building, stating the door was only to be used by the

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In the months before the fire, the building had been inspected twice by West Warwick fire marshal Denis Larocque. The club was cited for nine minor code violations during the first inspection in November 2002 but was not cited for the flammable polyurethane foam the venue used for soundproofing,

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The fire was reported to the West Warwick Fire Department by cellular phone calls to 911 within sixty seconds of ignition. A West Warwick police officer who was already at the scene also reported the fire to police dispatch. The first West Warwick fire engine arrived at the scene at 11:13 p.m.,

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In a letter to the victims' families, Judge Darigan wrote that he accepted the deal because he wanted to avoid "Public exposition of the tragic, explicit and horrific events experienced by the victims of this fire, both living and dead." He added that the difference in the brothers' sentences

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that his investigation found that the fire spread quickly due to the foam the Derderians had installed in the Station's walls and ceilings as a response to noise complaints. The lack of usable exits was also a factor, as was the inward door Larocque had found and asked to be removed. Jeffrey

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Sparks from the gerbs ignited the insulation foam, and flames were visible on the wall above the stage within nine seconds of their ignition. The flames were initially thought to be part of the act; only as the fire reached the ceiling and smoke began to bank down did people realize it was

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and similar locations, accommodating more than 100 occupants and all new locations in the same categories. The TIAs also required additional crowd manager personnel, among other things. These TIAs were subsequently incorporated into the 2006 edition of NFPA 101, along with additional exit

776:" with limited responsibility. Parole board chairwoman Lisa Holley told journalists of her surprise at the forgiving attitude of the families, saying, "I think the most overwhelming part of it for me was the depth of forgiveness of many of these families that have sustained such a loss." 593:

I noticed when the pyro stopped, the flame had kept going on both sides. And then on one side, I noticed it come over the top, and that's when I said, 'I have to leave.' And I turned around, I said, 'Get out, get out, get to the door, get to the door!' And people just stood there.

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was significantly damaged. Another restaurant opened in the building in 1974. In 1985, it was converted to a pub, which closed sometime in the late 1980s, and a nightclub was opened in 1991. The nightclub was purchased by brothers Michael and Jeffrey Derderian in March 2000.

790:... He apologized to the families of the victims and made no attempt to mitigate his guilt," the letter said. Others pointed out that Biechele had sent handwritten letters to the families of each of the 100 victims and that he had a work release position in a local charity. 3402:

Local radio station 94 WHJY-FM and parent company Clear Channel Communications Inc. (NYSE: CCU) have reached a tentative $ 22 million settlement of lawsuits brought by victims and survivors of the fatal nightclub fire five years ago in West Warwick, Clear Channel said

562:, and the beginning of that tape was released to national news stations. Butler was there for a planned piece on nightclub safety being reported by Jeffrey A. Derderian, a WPRI news reporter who was also a part-owner of The Station. The report had been inspired by the 597:

There was a table in the way at the door, and I pulled that out just to get it out of the way so people could get out easier. And I never expected it take off as fast as it did. It just -- it was so fast. It had to be two minutes tops before the whole place was black

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In February 2003, Jack Russell's Great White was on an eighteen-date concert tour. They had been using a pyrotechnic display during their performances, which some club owners had denied them permission to use, citing safety concerns. Dominic Santana, the owner of

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Derderian said the door was also installed due to noise, and they had removed it as asked, but sometimes re-installed it if the venue was going to be loud that night, and the band used it to escape the building during the fire. Michael Derderian told

705:. This trial was scheduled to start May 1, 2006, but Biechele, against his lawyers' advice, pleaded guilty to 100 counts of involuntary manslaughter on February 7, 2006, in what he said was an effort to "bring peace, I want this to be over with." 809:", thereby avoiding a trial. Michael Derderian received fifteen years in prison, with four to serve and eleven years suspended, plus three years' probation—the same sentence as Biechele. Jeffrey Derderian received 500 hours of community service. 804:

Following Biechele's trial, The Station's owners, Michael and Jeffrey Derderian, were scheduled to receive separate trials. However, on September 21, 2006, Judge Darigan announced that the brothers had changed their pleas from "not guilty" to

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on pyrotechnic displays at venues that hold fewer than 300 people. The Rhode Island state fire code was changed after the fire to require every nightclub in the state with a capacity of over 150 people to have a sprinkler system installed.

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Since the fire, I have wanted to tell the victims and their families how truly sorry I am for what happened that night and the part that I had in it. I never wanted anyone to be hurt in any way. I never imagined that anyone ever would be.

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that he maintained amicable contact with some survivors, victims' families, and the Station Fire Memorial Foundation. Russell's relation with some survivors and families had been strained, although he remained close to Longley's family.

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I know how this tragedy has devastated me, but I can only begin to understand what the people who lost loved ones have endured. I don't know that I'll ever forgive myself for what happened that night, so I can't expect anybody else to.

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Home Depot Inc. and a Connecticut insulation company have tentatively agreed to a $ 5 million settlement in lawsuits brought by survivors of a 2003 nightclub fire and relatives of the 100 people killed, a lawyer for the families said

665:] that the building's use of flammable packing foam instead of flame retardant sound foam was the cause of the fire's spread, but the brothers claimed that they had ordered sound foam and had received the packing foam instead. 772:... I just don't find him as guilty of anything." The state parole board received approximately twenty letters, the majority of which expressed their sympathy and support for Biechele, some going as far as to describe him as a " 4012: 3338:'Under the proposal, the carriers would pay $ 16 million for settlement of all claims against McLaughlin & Moran.' The other $ 5 million would be paid by St. Louis-based Anheuser-Busch, the nation's largest brewer. 292:

The Station was a nightclub that was located at 211 Cowesett Avenue at the corner of Kulas Road in West Warwick, Rhode Island. The building that would become The Station was built in 1946 and was originally used as a

400:, and Fathead, a local Rhode Island band. All the members of Trip escaped the Station without injury, but two members of Fathead, cousins Keith and Steven Mancini, along with Steven’s wife Andrea, died in the fire. 823:

In January 2008, the Parole Board decided to grant Michael Derderian an early release; he was scheduled to be released from prison in September 2009 but was granted his release in June 2009 for good behavior.

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fire professionals have few choices about what training should be provided, and training programs are continually updated to incorporate new technologies and lessons learned from actual fire experiences.

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agreed to pay $ 25 million as a settlement. Victims' lawyers said that Sealed Air made polyethylene foam that had been installed at the Station in 1996, which produced toxic gas when it burned during the

632:, which stated that buildings constructed before 1976 were not required to have a sprinkler system. The NIST report was released on March 3, 2005 and was made available in two parts on June 30, 2005. 393:

did not mention pyrotechnics displays. In the aftermath of the fire, the band and the owners of the Station disputed whether the band were allowed to use the pyrotechnic display during their concert.

786:, released their letter to the board to reporters. "In the period following this tragedy, it was Mr. Biechele, alone, who stood up and admitted responsibility for his part in this horrible event 721:

For three years, I've wanted to be able to speak to the people that were affected by this tragedy, but I know that there's nothing that I can say or do that will undo what happened that night.

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Jack Russell's Great White started their performance at 11:07 p.m. on February 20. A total of 462 people were in attendance, even though the club's maximum licensed capacity was cited as 404.

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would have contained the fire long enough to give everyone time to exit safely. The Station, which was built in 1946, was exempt from a sprinkler requirement in the state fire code through a

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made an out-of-court settlement of $ 30 million as a result of the claim that their video journalist Brian Butler was said to be obstructing escape and not sufficiently helping people exit.

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In September 2008, The Jack Russell Tour Group Inc. offered $ 1 million in a settlement to survivors and victims' relatives, the maximum allowed under the band's insurance plan.

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since 2003. The legislation would create a tax incentive for property owners to install fire sprinkler systems. It was last introduced in the House in 2015 by then-U.S. Reps.

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For their 2003 tour, the official name of the headlining band of the February 20 concert was billed as Jack Russell's Great White, which was an offshoot of the original band

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objected strenuously to the plea bargain, saying that both brothers should have received jail time and that Michael Derderian should have received more time than Biechele.

2671: 1356: 753:, for his role in the fire. Darigan remarked, "The greatest sentence that can be imposed on you has been imposed on you by yourself." Biechele was released in March 2008. 480:

followed by three other trucks shortly thereafter. Hundreds of firefighters responded to the fire, including every available West Warwick firefighter. Fire departments in

2833: 4385: 768:. Leland Hoisington, whose 28-year-old daughter, Abbie, was killed in the fire, told reporters, "I think they should not even bother with a hearing—just let Biechele out 570:

that killed 21 people three days earlier. Derderian had begun working for WPRI on February 17, three days before the fire. WPRI-TV and Derderian were criticized for the

3287: 497:, which was filled to maximum capacity due to the fire. By 1:30 a.m. on February 21, all the affected individuals had been transported and the street had been cleared. 6513: 3620: 1178:

As numerous violations of existing codes contributed to the severity of the fire, there was an immediate effort to strengthen fire code protections. Within weeks, the

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On September 19, 2007, the Rhode Island Parole Board announced that Biechele would be released in March 2008. Biechele was released from prison on March 19, 2008.

3780: 2883: 1478: 2788: 2262: 4159: 1678: 389:, told reporters that the band had used pyrotechnics during their February 14, 2003 performance at the venue without his permission, and their contract and 1182:

committee met to regulate code for "assembly occupancies". Based upon its work, Tentative Interim Amendments (TIAs) were issued for the national standard "

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the fax. American Foam refuted the claims in Warner's fax. In 2008, American Foam agreed to pay $ 6.3 million to the families of the victims of the fire.

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Great White's insurer is covering the settlement. The insurer has previously said that $ 1 million was the maximum amount of the band's insurance policy.

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American Foam Corporation, who sold the insulation to The Station nightclub, agreed in 2008 to pay $ 6.3 million to settle lawsuits relating to the fire.

717:, citing the massive loss of life in the fire and the need to send a message. Speaking to the public for the first time since the fire, Biechele stated: 153: 6508: 4333:: This page includes a report on the fire, links to nightclub safety tips, information on the safe use of pyrotechnics, and other relevant information. 3750: 2148: 3206: 6538: 4378: 756:

The sentence drew mixed reactions in the courtroom. Many families believed the punishment was just; others had hoped for a more severe sentence.

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on March 25, 2023, but the venue indefinitely postponed the concert on March 2, citing its proximity to the twentieth anniversary of the fire.

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Speakers settled out of court for $ 815,000. JBL was accused of using flammable foam inside their speakers. The company denied any wrongdoing.

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had activated, and although there were four possible exits, most people headed for the front door through which they had entered. The ensuing

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sitting there going, "Yes, that's great!" And I remember that statement, because I was, like, this is not great. This is the time to leave.

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On May 10, 2006, State Prosecutor Randall White asked that Biechele be sentenced to ten years in prison, the maximum allowed under the

312:. Local bands that had played at the Station before the fire had used pyrotechnics during their concerts without incident, including a 4351: 6423: 5998: 4394: 1258: 674: 238: 4735: 4414: 3723: 3602: 3155: 2555: 1044:

Two years to the day after the fire, band members Russell and Kendall, along with Great White's attorney, Ed McPherson, appeared on

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I can only pray that they understand that I would do anything to undo what happened that night and give them back their loved ones.

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Four employees of the Station were killed in the fire. In April 2003, the Derderians were fined $ 1.07 million for failing to carry

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Club owners Jeffrey and Michael Derderian reached a settlement of $ 813,000 with survivors and victims' families in September 2008.

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in the walls and ceilings surrounding the stage. Within six minutes, the entire building was engulfed in flames. The fire was the

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on February 24, 2003, to remember those lost in the fire. Another memorial was later that night the West Warwick Civic Center.

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requirements for new nightclub occupancies. It is left for each state or local jurisdiction to legally enact and enforce the

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Biechele's parole and probation expired in March 2011. As of 2013, Biechele lived in Florida with his wife and two children.

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states for over a decade following the fire. Russell's group made its first New England appearance in twelve years at a

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insurance for their employees. The fine was not resolved until 2013, ten years after the fire, when a judge upheld it.

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with three survivors of the fire and the father of Longley, to discuss how their lives had changed since the incident.

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The first criminal trial was against Jack Russell's Great White's tour manager, Daniel Michael Biechele, 26, from

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An investigation of the fire by a Rhode Island state grand jury was started by then-Rhode Island Attorney General

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sentenced Biechele to fifteen years in prison, with four to serve and eleven years suspended, plus three years'

6518: 6398: 6363: 6038: 5883: 5592: 5584: 5576: 5213: 5041: 5011: 4933: 4675: 4497: 3673: 3445: 3000: 539: 436: 4957: 4215: 3416: 6488: 6205: 5520: 5229: 5035: 4915: 4819: 4244: 3180: 968:. The event raised at least $ 25,000 in donations for the Station Family Fund, and was broadcast in March by 263:, a permanent memorial to the fire victims, was opened in May 2017 at the site where the Station once stood. 3760: 586:

the front door, people just kept pushing, and eventually everyone popped out of the door, including myself.

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and Polar Industries, Inc. (a Connecticut-based insulation company) made a settlement offer of $ 5 million.

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Makeshift memorial at the site of The Station nightclub prior to the building of the Station Memorial Park

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on both sides and the top center of the drummer's alcove at the back of the stage. The pyrotechnics were

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has offered $ 5 million. McLaughlin & Moran, Anheuser-Busch's distributor, has offered $ 16 million.

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The State of Rhode Island and the town of West Warwick agreed to pay $ 10 million as a settlement.

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Kuntz, K.; Madrzykowski, Daniel M.; Bryner, Nelson P.; Grosshandler, William L. (June 30, 2005).

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reflected their respective involvement with the purchase and installation of the flammable foam.

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On September 4, 2007, some families of the fire's victims expressed their support for Biechele's

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Jack Russell's Great White had two opening acts for the February 20 concert: Trip, a group from

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agreements had been paid, or offered, to the victims or their families by various defendants:

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The Derderian brothers conducted their first television interview about the fire in 2021 for

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The concert was emceed by Michael Gonsalves, a disc jockey for Providence rock radio station

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in having a reporter report on his own property. Derderian resigned from WPRI on June 30.

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I will never forget that night, and I will never forget the people that were hurt by it.

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Gonsalves was inducted into the Rhode Island Radio and Television Hall of Fame in 2013.

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Guide to the Station Nightclub Victims' Collection from the Rhode Island State Archives

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scene of the late 1980s and early 1990s. They were best known for their 1989 cover of

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On the twentieth anniversary of the fire on February 20, 2023, Rhode Island governor

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Trial by Fire: A Devastating Tragedy, 100 Lives Lost, and a 15-Year Search for Truth

4032:"Mohegan Sun postpones Great White concert booked close to Station fire anniversary" 3318:"McLaughlin & Moran, Anheuser-Busch offer $ 21M settlement in Station fire case" 2705:"The strange and terrible true story of Great White, and the Station nightclub fire" 1679:"Fire in a nightclub: the band; group persevered by making circuit of smaller clubs" 1015:, to uproar from victims' families. The stop was removed from the game by developer 6345: 5974: 5875: 5477: 5309: 5194: 4741: 4699: 4633: 4557: 3560: 3555: 3264: 2369:"TV station that assigned reporter to cover his own nightclub raises ethical issue" 1183: 1171: 1080: 934: 894:

by its DJ, Mike "The Doctor" Gonsalves (who was one of the casualties that night).

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I'm so sorry for what I have done, and I don't want to cause anyone any more pain.

702: 330: 3840: 2263:"State supreme court to review penalty for employee deaths in R.I. fire - UPI.com" 1127:, the youngest victim of the fire, was screened at Rhode Island theaters in 2008. 411:, at the time the longest-running heavy metal radio program in the United States. 6258: 6240: 5373: 4945: 4753: 4651: 4627: 4438: 4358: 4280: 3866: 3273: 1167: 1050: 1009:. In August 2016, the site was reported to have been being used as a PokeStop in 961: 909:

described the total civil payments to the victims and families as $ 176 million.

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who was also known as "Doctor Metal". Gonsalves was the host of the WHJY program

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Before the fire, the Station often hosted concerts by 1980s hard rock groups and

3862:"Rhode Island Club Fire Tragedy Revisited with Members of Rock Band Great White" 6098: 4331:

National Fire Protection Association web page "Nightclubs/assembly occupancies"

3650: 2884:"Band manager who ignited deadly Rhode Island nightclub fire freed from prison" 1226: 1119: 953: 874: 590:

the front door. And by then, the black smoke was pouring out over their heads.

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The fire started shortly after the band began performing their opening song, "

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occurred on the evening of February 20, 2003, at The Station, a nightclub and

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had commenced. The memorial dedication ceremony took place on May 21, 2017.

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A permanent memorial at the site of the fire has been erected and named the

898:, WHJY's parent company, paid a settlement of $ 22 million in February 2008. 6184: 6128: 6115: 4693: 1104: 949: 773: 714: 444: 440: 230: 3232: 2962: 2938:"Many families of Station fire victims supporting parole for band manager" 2338: 316:

tribute band that had set off fireballs during their show in August 2002.

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Killer Show: The Station Nightclub Fire, America's Deadliest Rock Concert

4058:"Jack Russell, Great White Vocalist and Founding Band Member, Dies at 63" 2757:"Foam company offers Station nightclub fire plaintiffs $ 6.3M settlement" 1092: 1091:, in August 2015. Kendall's version of Great White was to perform at the 1076: 973: 472: 346: 334: 325: 313: 309: 246: 226: 3389: 3325: 1141:

in February 2013 in conjunction with the tenth anniversary of the fire.

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ordered flags in Rhode Island lowered to half-staff for the day and the

6143: 6133: 3963: 2149:"How a West Warwick restaurant became a triage center for burn victims" 1187: 880: 468: 370: 354: 294: 4569:

All structures were factory warehouse if unspecified above. See also:

2016:"Station nightclub fire survivor tells how she's moved on in new book" 2580: