4322:
the ocean is driven by submarine influences or spirits out of several chasms which the earth afford both underneath and around it, to advance outwards, and to recede again, whenever the influence or spirit, like the breath of our bodies, gives way and recedes. And this theory is confirmed by the course run by diseases in
Gadeira, for at the time of high water the souls of the dying do not quit the bodies, and this would hardly happen, he says, unless the influence or spirit I have spoken of was also advancing towards the land. They also tell you of certain phenomena of the ocean in connection with the phases of the moon, according as it is born and reaches fullness and wanes. These phenomena I verified, for the ocean exactly keeps pace with the size of the moon, decreasing and increasing with her. -
1048:
4265:" is influenced by the sun, and its Doodson numbers are 273.555, meaning that its frequency is composed of twice the first Doodson argument, +2 times the second, -2 times the third, and zero times each of the other three. This aggregates to the angular equivalent of mean solar time +12 hours. These two strongest component frequencies have simple arguments for which the Doodson system might appear needlessly complex, but each of the hundreds of other component frequencies can be briefly specified in a similar way, showing in the aggregate the usefulness of the encoding.
3681:
choice of his six "Doodson arguments" has been widely used in tidal work. In terms of these
Doodson arguments, each tidal frequency can then be specified as a sum made up of a small integer multiple of each of the six arguments. The resulting six small integer multipliers effectively encode the frequency of the tidal argument concerned, and these are the Doodson numbers: in practice all except the first are usually biased upwards by +5 to avoid negative numbers in the notation. (In the case that the biased multiple exceeds 9, the system adopts X for 10, and E for 11.)
25:
411:, believing that the oceans moved like water in a large basin: as the basin moves, so does the water. Therefore, as the Earth revolves, the force of the Earth's rotation causes the oceans to "alternately accelerate and retardate". His view on the oscillation and "alternately accelerated and retardated" motion of the Earth's rotation is a "dynamic process" that deviated from the previous dogma, which proposed "a process of expansion and contraction of seawater." However, Galileo's theory was erroneous. In subsequent centuries,
626:
6008:
1109:
6896:
6917:
1043:{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}{\frac {\partial \zeta }{\partial t}}&+{\frac {1}{a\cos(\varphi )}}\left=0,\\{\frac {\partial u}{\partial t}}&-v\,2\Omega \sin(\varphi )+{\frac {1}{a\cos(\varphi )}}{\frac {\partial }{\partial \lambda }}\left(g\zeta +U\right)=0,\quad {\text{and}}\\{\frac {\partial v}{\partial t}}&+u\,2\Omega \sin(\varphi )+{\frac {1}{a}}{\frac {\partial }{\partial \varphi }}\left(g\zeta +U\right)=0,\end{aligned}}}
5997:
6906:
540:
524:
1186:
430:, without reference to Kepler's theories of gravitation by mutual attraction; this was extremely influential, with numerous followers of Descartes expounding on this theory throughout the 17th century, particularly in France. However, Descartes and his followers acknowledged the influence of the Moon, speculating that pressure waves from the Moon via the
438:
498:
explanations now, like how the tides interact with deep sea ridges, and chains of seamounts give rise to deep eddies that transport nutrients from the deep to the surface. The equilibrium tide theory calculates the height of the tide wave of less than half a meter, while the dynamic theory explains why tides are up to 15 meters.
284:, judging from discussions of his beliefs in other sources, is thought to have believed the tides were caused by winds driven by the Sun's heat, and he rejected the theory that the Moon caused the tides. An apocryphal legend claims that he committed suicide in frustration with his failure to fully understand the tides.
416:
had two high tides and low tides, though
Galileo argued that this was a product of secondary effects and that his theory would hold in the Atlantic. However, Galileo's contemporaries noted that the Atlantic also had two high tides and low tides per day, which led to Galileo omitting this claim from his 1632
4345:("The sphere of the lifting power, which is in the moon, is extended as far as to the earth and attracts the waters under the torrid zone, … However the moon flies swiftly across the zenith; because the waters cannot follow so quickly, the tide of the ocean under the torrid is indeed made to the west, …")
381:) dismisses a large number of misconceptions that still existed about ebb and flood. Stevin pleads for the idea that the attraction of the Moon was responsible for the tides and writes in clear terms about ebb, flood, spring tide and neap tide, stressing that further research needed to be made. In 1609,
415:
led to the current tidal physics. Galileo tried to use his tidal theory to prove the movement of the Earth around the Sun. Galileo theorized that because of the Earth's motion, borders of the oceans like the
Atlantic and Pacific would show one high tide and one low tide per day. The Mediterranean Sea
4308:
In all the oceans the water remains at all times the same in quantity, and never, increases or diminishes; but like the water in a caldron, which, in consequence of its combination with heat, expands, so the waters of the ocean swell with the increase of the moon. The waters, although really neither
4321:
Now I myself have seen among the Celts the ocean tides just as they are described. After making various conjectures about why so vast a bulk of waters recedes and advances, I have come to the conclusion that
Apollonius discerned the real truth. For in one of his letters to the Indians he says that
324:
and shows that the twice-daily timing of tides is related to the Moon and that the lunar monthly cycle of spring and neap tides is also related to the Moon's position. He goes on to note that the times of tides vary along the same coast and that the water movements cause low tide at one place when
3680:
or
Doodson variables. The number of different tidal frequency components is large, but each corresponds to a specific linear combination of six frequencies using small-integer multiples, positive or negative. In principle, these basic angular arguments can be specified in numerous ways; Doodson's
365:
contributed the notion that the tides were caused by the general circulation of the heavens. Medieval Arabic astrologers frequently referenced the Moon's influence on the tides as evidence for the reality of astrology; some of their treatises on the topic influenced western Europe. Some theorized
1162:
Since the mid-twentieth century further analysis has generated many more terms than
Doodson's 388. About 62 constituents are of sufficient size to be considered for possible use in marine tide prediction, but sometimes many fewer can predict tides to useful accuracy. The calculations of tide
497:
The equilibrium theory—based on the gravitational gradient from the Sun and Moon but ignoring the Earth's rotation, the effects of continents, and other important effects—could not explain the real ocean tides. Since measurements have confirmed the dynamic theory, many things have possible
108:
1155:, developed the tide-generating potential (TGP) in harmonic form, distinguishing 388 tidal frequencies. Doodson's work was carried out and published in 1921. Doodson devised a practical system for specifying the different harmonic components of the tide-generating potential, the
306:(circa 217-238 AD); he was vaguely aware of a correlation of the tides with the phases of the Moon but attributed them to spirits moving water in and out of caverns, which he connected with the legend that spirits of the dead cannot move on at certain phases of the Moon.
5511:
S Casotto, F Biscani, "A fully analytical approach to the harmonic development of the tide-generating potential accounting for precession, nutation, and perturbations due to figure and planetary terms", AAS Division on
Dynamical Astronomy, April 2004, vol.36(2),
4343:"Orbis virtutis tractoriæ, quæ est in Luna, porrigitur utque ad Terras, & prolectat aquas sub Zonam Torridam, … Celeriter vero Luna verticem transvolante, cum aquæ tam celeriter sequi non possint, fluxus quidem fit Oceani sub Torrida in Occidentem, … "
4261:" has a frequency of 2 cycles per lunar day, its Doodson numbers are usually written 255.555, meaning that its frequency is composed of twice the first Doodson argument, and zero times all of the others. The second strongest tidal constituent "S
1123:
Laplace's improvements in theory were substantial, but they still left prediction in an approximate state. This position changed in the 1860s when the local circumstances of tidal phenomena were more fully brought into account by
179:, as the tides there are relatively small, and the areas that experience tides do so unreliably. A number of theories were advanced, however, from comparing the movements to breathing or blood flow to theories involving
631:
5532:
532:
Lunar gravitational potential: this depicts the Moon directly over 30° N (or 30° S) viewed from above the
Northern Hemisphere. Note however that the moon is never more than about 28.6° north of the
3749:
3963:
510:
data. Accurate models of tides worldwide are essential for research since the variations due to tides must be removed from measurements when calculating gravity and changes in sea levels.
5374:"TOPEX/Poseidon Western Hemisphere: Tide Height Model : NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive"
5521:
A T Doodson (1921), "The
Harmonic Development of the Tide-Generating Potential", Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Vol. 100, No. 704 (1 December 1921), pp. 305–329.
3802:
4806:
258:, Posidonius in particular making lengthy observations of the sea on the Spanish coast, although little of their work survived. The influence of the Moon on tides was mentioned in
4065:
3908:
3855:
3672:
In order to specify the different harmonic components of the tide-generating potential, Doodson devised a practical system which is still in use, involving what are called the
5250:
4009:
361:, taught that ebb and flood tides were caused by the Moon. Abu Ma'shar discussed the effects of wind and Moon's phases relative to the Sun on the tides. In the 12th century,
4204:
4114:
232:
in 77 AD. Although the schedule of the tides and the link to lunar and solar movements was known, the exact mechanism that connected them was unclear. Classicists
192:
1171:. More recently digital computers, using the method of matrix inversion, are used to determine the tidal harmonic constituents directly from tide gauge records.
5615:
4248:
4226:
4177:
4154:
4134:
4089:
502:
Satellite observations confirm the accuracy of the dynamic theory, and the tides worldwide are now measured to within a few centimeters. Measurements from the
1193:
Tidal constituents combine to give an endlessly varying aggregate because of their different and incommensurable frequencies: the effect is visualized in an
4882:
167:
of Australia identified a link between the Moon and the tides, which they mythically attributed to the Moon filling with water and emptying out again.
458:, which can be used to explain tides on a planet covered by a uniform ocean but which takes no account of the distribution of the continents or ocean
6636:
54:
6626:
5685:
450:
1163:
predictions using the harmonic constituents are laborious, and from the 1870s to about the 1960s they were carried out using a mechanical
5224:
4257:
In terms of this system, each tidal constituent frequency can be identified by its Doodson numbers. The strongest tidal constituent "M
427:
5254:
5387:
1197:
illustrating the way in which the components used to be mechanically combined in the tide-predicting machine. Amplitudes (half of
5639:
6542:
346:
254:(3rd century BC) and Posidonius (1st century BC) both produced detailed descriptions of the tides and their relationship to the
6909:
5957:
5725:
5164:
350:
5450:
4762:
325:
there is high tide elsewhere. However, he made no progress regarding the question of how exactly the Moon created the tides.
70:
5286:
4156:
refer to an alternative set of fundamental angular arguments (usually preferred for use in modern lunar theory), in which:-
6189:
3690:
5678:
6079:
6784:
6211:
6099:
4834:
5424:
1140:, applying the lunar theory current in his time. Darwin's symbols for the tidal harmonic constituents are still used.
6631:
5902:
5612:
5496:
5201:
4694:
4585:
1125:
1084:
403:
He strongly and mockingly rejects the lunar theory of the tides, and tries to explain the tides as the result of the
94:
332:
methods for predicting tides were said to allow one "to know what Moon makes high water" from the Moon's movements.
6089:
6049:
5191:
5134:
4575:
134:(especially Earth's oceans) under the gravitational loading of another astronomical body or bodies (especially the
46:
6819:
5805:
4707:
3966:
482:
in 1775, describes the ocean's real reaction to tidal forces. Laplace's theory of ocean tides takes into account
6899:
6492:
5671:
4507:
4932:
3915:
3756:
292:
sets up winds, and that these winds, when they blow, cause the high tide and, when they cease, the low tide".
5275:
560:
6957:
5947:
5624:
580:
302:
6007:
3862:
3809:
6972:
6144:
5644:
1066:
431:
3974:
240:
connected the tides with the moon, "the former directly, the latter through the setting up of winds".
6679:
6084:
6044:
5468:
4903:
4309:
more nor less, dilate or contract as the moon increases or wanes in the light and dark fortnights. -
1218:
5337:
4856:
4014:
6967:
6809:
6184:
6174:
6114:
5750:
5720:
354:
1117:
59:
6962:
6846:
6829:
6666:
6159:
6024:
5962:
5952:
5845:
4933:"How Kepler Invented Science Fiction ... While Revolutionizing Our Understanding of the Universe"
1164:
227:
50:
218:, although the exact date of discovery is unclear; references to it are made in sources such as
187:
reportedly believed that the tides were caused by water flowing in and out of undersea caverns.
6841:
6779:
6206:
5892:
5024:
4779:
1198:
494:
systems in the world's ocean basins and explains the oceanic tides that are actually observed.
398:
5486:
5228:
6952:
6674:
6656:
6164:
6059:
5694:
4365:
1210:
1144:
474:
gave a description of the static reaction of the waters on Earth to the tidal potential, the
362:
320:
274:
is thought to have theorized around 150 BC that tides were caused by the Moon as part of his
5412:
4254:
It is possible to define several auxiliary variables on the basis of combinations of these.
3684:
The Doodson arguments are specified in the following way, in order of decreasing frequency:
385:
correctly suggested that the gravitation of the Moon causes the tides, which he compared to
6861:
6694:
6397:
6254:
6119:
5830:
5566:
5091:
4970:
4719:
4642:
4534:"Understanding Tides—From Ancient Beliefs toPresent-day Solutions to the Laplace Equations"
4429:
1152:
479:
271:
1194:
1113:
8:
6947:
6856:
6741:
6736:
6462:
6134:
6094:
5810:
5287:
http://ocean.kisti.re.kr/downfile/volume/kess/JGGHBA/2009/v30n5/JGGHBA_2009_v30n5_671.pdf
4329:
1206:
1095:. Under certain conditions this can be further rewritten as a conservation of vorticity.
285:
233:
219:
183:
or river cycles. A similar "breathing earth" idea was considered by some Asian thinkers.
123:
35:
5570:
5391:
5095:
4974:
4723:
4654:
4646:
4558:
4433:
4184:
4094:
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6512:
6502:
6467:
6367:
6352:
6249:
5582:
5115:
4986:
4844:
4735:
4731:
4658:
4631:"On the Origins of Knowledge of the Sea Tides from Antiquity to the Thirteenth Century"
4607:
4279:
4233:
4211:
4162:
4139:
4119:
4074:
1088:
241:
164:
39:
5010:
4883:
The Reception of the Galilean Science of Motion in Seventeenth-Century Europe, pp. 200
4869:
1143:
Darwin's harmonic developments of the tide-generating forces were later improved when
6881:
6871:
6814:
6794:
6477:
6442:
6377:
6357:
6347:
6229:
5917:
5775:
5586:
5492:
5302:
5197:
5107:
4990:
4830:
4758:
4739:
4690:
4581:
4503:
4417:
4274:
1133:
1058:
503:
491:
296:
also "put the tides down to the direct action of the sun according to its position".
200:
176:
74:
5454:
5351:
5168:
5119:
4563:. Gerstein - University of Toronto. Oxford : Clarendon Press. pp. 306–307.
4494:
423:
6836:
6804:
6774:
6583:
6568:
6437:
6372:
6264:
6179:
6109:
6034:
5815:
5785:
5715:
5710:
5635:
Publications from NOAA's Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services
5574:
5146:
5099:
4978:
4958:
4727:
4650:
1129:
564:
471:
188:
63:
5451:"Dynamic and residual ocean tide analysis for improved GRACE de-aliasing (DAROTA)"
426:
theorized that the tides (alongside the movement of planets, etc.) were caused by
6641:
6537:
6487:
6452:
6412:
6304:
6124:
6074:
5984:
5942:
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5619:
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1202:
1168:
1156:
393:
382:
333:
223:
5629:
5315:
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437:
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6751:
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6651:
6646:
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6422:
6417:
6149:
6039:
5860:
5795:
5770:
5082:
4612:
1214:
576:
568:
315:
246:
215:
175:
The tides received relatively little attention in the civilizations around the
5996:
5150:
470:
While Newton explained the tides by describing the tide-generating forces and
6936:
6921:
6769:
6689:
6578:
6497:
6472:
6407:
6337:
6244:
6139:
6016:
5937:
5897:
5870:
5780:
5730:
1137:
408:
338:
329:
275:
5634:
4533:
3751:
is mean Lunar time, the Greenwich hour angle of the mean Moon plus 12 hours.
191:
attributed the tides to "the counter-movement (ἀντισπασμός) of the sea” and
6876:
6824:
6764:
6715:
6593:
6588:
6563:
6547:
6522:
6239:
6129:
6069:
5855:
5765:
5740:
5111:
4323:
1222:
1148:
445:
389:
attraction basing his argument upon ancient observations and correlations.
374:
297:
251:
199:
text dated to 400-300 BC refers to the ocean rising and falling because of
112:
5276:
http://faculty.washington.edu/luanne/pages/ocean420/notes/tidedynamics.pdf
4757:. Translated by Faith Wallis. Liverpool University Press. pp. 64–65.
1108:
6866:
6598:
6527:
6392:
6332:
6299:
6289:
6284:
6169:
6104:
6064:
6054:
6029:
5912:
5885:
5865:
5825:
5790:
5654:
4710:(1987). "The Heliocentric System in Greek, Persian and Hindu Astronomy".
4682:
4392:
Archaeoastronomy & Ethnoastronomy – Building Bridges Between Cultures
4284:
1112:
Spectrum of tides measured at Ft. Pulaski in 2012. Data downloaded from
455:
345:
Medieval European understanding of the tides was often based on works of
293:
255:
160:
130:
deformations of planetary and satellite bodies and their atmospheres and
5663:
4662:
4630:
1185:
1180:
6684:
6532:
6507:
6402:
6382:
6309:
6294:
6279:
6269:
6234:
6154:
5974:
5969:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5820:
5578:
5373:
4289:
459:
366:
that the influence was caused by lunar rays heating the ocean's floor.
237:
6916:
5613:
Contributions of satellite laser ranging to the studies of earth tides
5388:"TOPEX data used to model actual tides for 15 days from the year 2000"
4982:
6756:
6618:
6603:
6517:
6362:
6201:
6196:
5979:
5907:
5835:
5755:
5745:
5702:
1136:. Thomson's work in this field was further developed and extended by
1092:
1078:
610:
487:
386:
281:
267:
180:
5428:
5002:
5000:
4466:
412:
6851:
6573:
6432:
6324:
6314:
6259:
5735:
5103:
1201:) of tidal constituents are given below for six example locations:
603:
483:
5297:
Bryden, I.G. (2003). "Tidal Power Systems", in Meyers, R.A. (ed.)
579:
equations, but they can also be derived from energy integrals via
6720:
6710:
5880:
5850:
5557:
Melchior, P. (1971). "Precession-nutations and tidal potential".
4997:
4228:
is the Moon's mean argument of latitude (distance from its node).
572:
259:
250:
the periodic motion of the tides controlled by the lunar sphere.
196:
4780:"A STUDY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRIMITIVE AND MODERN TIDE TABLES"
6427:
5840:
1118:
https://sourceforge.net/projects/amoreaccuratefouriertransform/
552:. Viewed from above the Northern Hemisphere. Red up, blue down.
156:
107:
539:
523:
6789:
6608:
6387:
6342:
507:
404:
184:
131:
4390:""Bridging the Gap" through Australian Cultural Astronomy".
4179:
is the mean anomaly of the Moon (distance from its perigee).
6221:
4206:
is the mean anomaly of the Sun (distance from its perigee).
490:
and natural periods of ocean basins. It predicts the large
207:
135:
127:
379:
De spiegheling der Ebbenvloet (The Theory of Ebb and Flood
5600:
See for example Melchior (1971), already cited, at p.191.
5413:
http://www.geomag.us/info/Ocean/m2_CHAMP+longwave_SSH.swf
289:
211:
139:
57:
and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
5352:"Scientific Visualization Studio TOPEX/Poseidon images"
1114:
http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/datums.html?id=8670870
4250:
is the Moon's mean elongation (distance from the sun).
575:. Laplace obtained these equations by simplifying the
4236:
4214:
4187:
4165:
4142:
4122:
4097:
4077:
4017:
3977:
3918:
3865:
3812:
3759:
3744:{\displaystyle \beta _{1}=\tau =(\theta _{M}+\pi -s)}
3693:
629:
3965:
is the negative of the longitude of the Moon's mean
336:
references the Moon's influence on the tides in his
195:
to "the refluxes from the Ocean". An ancient Indian
5469:"The Laplace Tidal Equations and Atmospheric Tides"
559:In 1776, Laplace formulated a single set of linear
548:This view shows same potential from 180° from view
4825:Marina Tolmacheva (2014). Glick, Thomas F. (ed.).
4242:
4220:
4198:
4171:
4148:
4128:
4108:
4083:
4059:
4003:
3957:
3902:
3849:
3796:
3743:
1042:
150:
6637:North West Shelf Operational Oceanographic System
4959:"Kepler and the origins of the theory of gravity"
4824:
6934:
5491:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 163–164.
5251:"Short notes on the Dynamical theory of Laplace"
1098:
594:, as well as the horizontal velocity components
506:satellite closely match the models based on the
6627:Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis
5299:Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology
4706:
5080:Naylor, Ron (2007). "Galileo's Tidal Theory".
1195:animation of the American Mathematical Society
5679:
4820:
4818:
4816:
4814:
571:are introduced as well as lateral forcing by
5552:
5550:
5013:, by Rossella Gigli, retrieved 10 March 2010
4926:
4924:
4787:PhD Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University
4560:Aristarchus of Samos, the ancient Copernicus
4460:
4458:
4456:
4454:
4452:
4450:
3910:is the longitude of the Moon's mean perigee.
1077:is the external gravitational tidal-forcing
513:
38:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to
4918:(1609), p. 5 of the Introductio in hoc opus
4411:
4409:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4067:is the longitude of the Sun's mean perigee.
3420:Shallow water overtides of principal solar
3313:Shallow water overtides of principal solar
1189:Tidal prediction summing constituent parts.
1087:rewrote Laplace's momentum terms using the
53:and maintains a consistent citation style.
5686:
5672:
5484:
5196:. Cambridge University Press. p. 31.
5189:
4811:
4712:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
4628:
4624:
4622:
4573:
3207:Shallow water overtides of principal lunar
3153:Shallow water overtides of principal lunar
1625:Lunar elliptical semidiurnal second-order
5693:
5547:
5313:
4921:
4580:. Cambridge University Press. p. 6.
4447:
4422:Memorie della Società Astronomia Italiana
4415:
955:
817:
454:, provides a correct explanation for the
95:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:Scientific interpretation of tidal forces
5556:
5301:. Aberdeen: Academic Press, p. 753. doi:
5049:
4870:Simon Stevin – Flanders Marine Institute
4398:
3958:{\displaystyle \beta _{5}=N'=(-\Omega )}
3797:{\displaystyle \beta _{2}=s=(F+\Omega )}
1184:
1107:
436:
106:
5645:150 Years of Tides on the Western Coast
5478:
5225:"Static Tides – the equilibrium Theory"
5064:
4619:
4502:. JOHN WILEY & SONS. pp. 2–4.
586:For a fluid sheet of average thickness
6935:
5958:one-dimensional Saint-Venant equations
5079:
5067:Re-examining Galileo's Theory of Tides
5052:Re-examining Galileo's Theory of Tides
4956:
4930:
4539:. Vol. 33, no. 2. SIAM News.
4528:
4526:
4488:
4486:
4484:
4464:
434:were responsible for the correlation.
5667:
5427:. Volkov.oce.orst.edu. Archived from
5132:
5022:
4556:
1174:
6905:
4752:
4552:
4550:
4548:
4546:
4492:
1103:
214:) and the tides became known to the
18:
5591:and T D Moyer (2003) already cited.
4655:10.17704/eshi.20.2.m23118527q395675
4523:
4493:Pugh, David T. (28 December 1987).
4481:
3070:Amplitude at example location (cm)
2692:Amplitude at example location (cm)
2032:Amplitude at example location (cm)
1890:Smaller lunar elliptic semidiurnal
1262:Amplitude at example location (cm)
45:Please consider converting them to
13:
6785:National Oceanographic Data Center
6212:World Ocean Circulation Experiment
6100:Global Ocean Data Analysis Project
5253:. 20 November 2011. Archived from
4931:Popova, Maria (27 December 2019).
4777:
4732:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb37224.x
4071:In these expressions, the symbols
3949:
3903:{\displaystyle \beta _{4}=p=(s-l)}
3850:{\displaystyle \beta _{3}=h=(s-D)}
3804:is the mean longitude of the Moon.
3788:
3667:
996:
992:
959:
936:
928:
875:
871:
821:
798:
790:
729:
725:
699:
695:
645:
637:
616:directions, respectively) satisfy
309:
14:
6984:
6632:Global Sea Level Observing System
5606:
5533:"Eastport, ME Tidal Constituents"
5338:"The Cause & Nature of Tides"
5135:"Descartes's theory of the tides"
4543:
3857:is the mean longitude of the Sun.
1459:Larger lunar elliptic semidiurnal
465:
6915:
6904:
6895:
6894:
6090:Geochemical Ocean Sections Study
6006:
5995:
5530:
5485:Cartwright, David Edgar (1999).
5190:Cartwright, David Edgar (1999).
5023:Tyson, Peter (29 October 2002).
4574:Cartwright, David Edgar (1999).
4496:Tides, Surges and Mean Sea-Level
4311:The Vishnu Purana book II ch. IV
4004:{\displaystyle \beta _{6}=p_{l}}
2440:Larger lunar evectional diurnal
1116:Fourier transform computed with
538:
522:
353:starting from the 12th century.
300:discusses tides in Book Five of
206:Ultimately the link between the
170:
23:
6820:Ocean thermal energy conversion
6543:Vine–Matthews–Morley hypothesis
5594:
5524:
5515:
5505:
5461:
5443:
5417:
5406:
5380:
5366:
5344:
5330:
5307:
5291:
5280:
5269:
5243:
5217:
5183:
5157:
5126:
5073:
5069:. Springer-Verlag. p. 227.
5058:
5054:. Springer-Verlag. p. 229.
5043:
5016:
4950:
4908:
4888:
4875:
4863:
4800:
4771:
4746:
4700:
4676:
4601:
4370:Australian Indigenous Astronomy
4336:
4315:
3036:
2386:Smaller lunar elliptic diurnal
2334:Smaller lunar elliptic diurnal
1228:
915:
590:, the vertical tidal elevation
151:Australian Aboriginal astronomy
5390:. 15 June 2000. Archived from
5303:10.1016/b0-12-227410-5/00778-x
4902:(Introduction to this work).
4567:
4383:
4358:
4302:
4060:{\displaystyle p_{s}=(s-D-l')}
4054:
4031:
3952:
3943:
3897:
3885:
3844:
3832:
3791:
3779:
3738:
3713:
3615:Shallow water quarter diurnal
3366:Shallow water quarter diurnal
2932:Lunisolar synodic fortnightly
2656:
2492:Larger lunar elliptic diurnal
974:
968:
863:
857:
836:
830:
761:
755:
717:
708:
682:
676:
563:for tidal flow described as a
561:partial differential equations
349:that became available through
266:as evidence of the reality of
236:claimed that both Pytheas and
49:to ensure the article remains
1:
5655:GeoTide Tidal Analysis System
5011:Galileo's Theory of the Tides
4689:, Feltrinelli, Milano, 2003,
4629:Cartwright, David E. (2001).
4557:Heath, Thomas Little (1913).
4352:
3567:Shallow water eighth diurnal
1099:Tidal analysis and prediction
1085:William Thomson (Lord Kelvin)
1073:is the planetary radius, and
369:
359:Introductorium in astronomiam
126:to interpret and predict the
6080:El Niño–Southern Oscillation
6050:Craik–Leibovich vortex force
5806:Luke's variational principle
4465:Marmer, H. A. (March 1922).
4280:Lunar node § Effect on tides
1401:Principal solar semidiurnal
1345:Principal lunar semidiurnal
1167:, a special-purpose form of
567:two-dimensional sheet flow.
203:from the light of the Moon.
7:
5488:Tides: A Scientific History
5193:Tides: A Scientific History
4963:American Journal of Physics
4577:Tides: A Scientific History
4268:
1069:at the mean ocean surface,
303:Life of Apollonius of Tyana
10:
6989:
6145:Ocean dynamical thermostat
5993:
5425:"OSU Tidal Data Inversion"
4829:. Routledge. p. 188.
4467:"The Problems of the Tide"
1998:
1840:Shallow water semidiurnal
1178:
1067:gravitational acceleration
1061:of the planet's rotation,
145:
6890:
6729:
6703:
6680:Ocean acoustic tomography
6665:
6617:
6556:
6493:Mohorovičić discontinuity
6451:
6323:
6220:
6085:General circulation model
6015:
5721:Benjamin–Feir instability
5701:
5151:10.1080/00033795500200335
3516:Shallow water terdiurnal
3072:
3069:
3064:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3043:
2694:
2691:
2686:
2683:
2678:
2671:
2666:
2663:
2034:
2031:
2026:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2005:
1680:Smaller lunar evectional
1264:
1261:
1256:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1235:
1219:San Francisco, California
1159:, a system still in use.
618:Laplace's tidal equations
514:Laplace's tidal equations
441:Newton's three-body model
409:revolution around the Sun
111:High and low tide in the
6810:Ocean surface topography
6185:Thermohaline circulation
6175:Subsurface ocean current
6115:Hydrothermal circulation
5948:Wave–current interaction
5726:Boussinesq approximation
5050:Palmieri, Paolo (1998).
4295:
3260:Shallow water terdiurnal
2546:Larger elliptic diurnal
1516:Larger lunar evectional
1181:Tide § Constituents
1132:to the tidal motions as
1091:to find an equation for
6847:Sea surface temperature
6830:Outline of oceanography
6025:Atmospheric circulation
5963:shallow water equations
5953:Waves and shallow water
5846:Significant wave height
5625:Dynamic Theory of Tides
5065:Palmeri, Paolo (1998).
5025:"Galileo's Big Mistake"
4900:Introductio in hoc opus
1788:Smaller solar elliptic
1165:tide-predicting machine
476:dynamic theory of tides
318:discusses the tides in
6842:Sea surface microlayer
6207:Wind generated current
5165:"Voltaire, Letter XIV"
4957:Eugene, Hecht (2019).
4898:… (1609), p. 5 of the
4827:Geography, Chorography
4708:Van der Waerden, B. L.
4635:Earth Sciences History
4471:The Scientific Monthly
4418:"The tides and Newton"
4416:Tabarroni, G. (1989).
4244:
4222:
4200:
4173:
4150:
4130:
4110:
4085:
4061:
4005:
3959:
3904:
3851:
3798:
3745:
2983:Lunisolar fortnightly
1944:Lunisolar semidiurnal
1734:Larger solar elliptic
1199:peak-to-peak amplitude
1190:
1120:
1044:
442:
399:Discourse on the Tides
193:Apollodorus of Corcyra
122:is the application of
115:
6675:Deep scattering layer
6657:World Geodetic System
6165:Princeton Ocean Model
6045:Coriolis–Stokes force
5695:Physical oceanography
4755:The Reckoning of Time
4245:
4223:
4201:
4174:
4151:
4131:
4111:
4086:
4062:
4006:
3960:
3905:
3852:
3799:
3746:
3062:Doodson coefficients
2684:Doodson coefficients
2024:Doodson coefficients
1254:Doodson coefficients
1211:San Juan, Puerto Rico
1188:
1179:Further information:
1111:
1045:
440:
355:Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi
321:The Reckoning of Time
110:
6695:Underwater acoustics
6255:Perigean spring tide
6120:Langmuir circulation
5831:Rossby-gravity waves
5650:Our Relentless Tides
5618:28 July 2013 at the
5394:on 18 September 2015
5133:Aiton, E.J. (1955).
4234:
4212:
4185:
4163:
4140:
4120:
4095:
4075:
4015:
3975:
3916:
3863:
3810:
3757:
3691:
627:
480:Pierre-Simon Laplace
272:Seleucus of Seleucia
6958:Continuum mechanics
6857:Science On a Sphere
6463:Convergent boundary
6135:Modular Ocean Model
6095:Geostrophic current
5811:Mild-slope equation
5640:Understanding Tides
5571:1971CeMec...4..190M
5559:Celestial Mechanics
5354:. Svs.gsfc.nasa.gov
5318:. Seafriends.org.nz
5096:2007Isis...98....1N
4975:2019AmJPh..87..176H
4916:Astronomia nova ...
4724:1987NYASA.500..525V
4647:2001ESHis..20..105C
4434:1989MmSAI..60..769T
4330:Apollonius of Tyana
1207:Biloxi, Mississippi
581:Lagrange's equation
234:Thomas Little Heath
220:Pytheas of Massilia
124:continuum mechanics
6513:Seafloor spreading
6503:Outer trench swell
6468:Divergent boundary
6368:Continental margin
6353:Carbonate platform
6250:Lunitidal interval
5630:Tidal Observations
5579:10.1007/BF01228823
5431:on 22 October 2012
4885:op books.google.nl
4240:
4218:
4199:{\displaystyle l'}
4196:
4169:
4146:
4126:
4109:{\displaystyle l'}
4106:
4081:
4057:
4001:
3955:
3900:
3847:
3794:
3741:
1191:
1175:Tidal constituents
1128:'s application of
1121:
1040:
1038:
443:
347:Muslim astronomers
256:phases of the Moon
165:Northern Territory
116:
6973:Planetary science
6930:
6929:
6922:Oceans portal
6882:World Ocean Atlas
6872:Underwater glider
6815:Ocean temperature
6478:Hydrothermal vent
6443:Submarine volcano
6378:Continental shelf
6358:Coastal geography
6348:Bathymetric chart
6230:Amphidromic point
5918:Wave nonlinearity
5776:Infragravity wave
5139:Annals of Science
4983:10.1119/1.5089751
4914:Johannes Kepler,
4894:Johannes Kepler,
4807:Inferno XVI 82-83
4764:978-0-85323-693-1
4687:Flussi e riflussi
4275:Long-period tides
4243:{\displaystyle D}
4221:{\displaystyle F}
4172:{\displaystyle l}
4149:{\displaystyle D}
4129:{\displaystyle F}
4084:{\displaystyle l}
3678:Doodson arguments
3676:based on the six
3665:
3664:
3469:Lunar terdiurnal
3034:
3033:
2826:Solar semiannual
2654:
2653:
1996:
1995:
1134:harmonic analysis
1104:Harmonic analysis
1059:angular frequency
1003:
988:
943:
919:
882:
867:
805:
736:
706:
686:
652:
428:aetheric vortices
351:Latin translation
177:Mediterranean Sea
105:
104:
97:
55:Several templates
6980:
6920:
6919:
6908:
6907:
6898:
6897:
6837:Pelagic sediment
6775:Marine pollution
6569:Deep ocean water
6438:Submarine canyon
6373:Continental rise
6265:Rule of twelfths
6180:Sverdrup balance
6110:Humboldt Current
6035:Boundary current
6010:
5999:
5816:Radiation stress
5786:Iribarren number
5761:Equatorial waves
5716:Ballantine scale
5711:Airy wave theory
5688:
5681:
5674:
5665:
5664:
5601:
5598:
5592:
5590:
5554:
5545:
5544:
5542:
5540:
5528:
5522:
5519:
5513:
5509:
5503:
5502:
5482:
5476:
5475:
5473:
5465:
5459:
5458:
5457:on 2 April 2015.
5453:. Archived from
5447:
5441:
5440:
5438:
5436:
5421:
5415:
5410:
5404:
5403:
5401:
5399:
5384:
5378:
5377:
5370:
5364:
5363:
5361:
5359:
5348:
5342:
5341:
5334:
5328:
5327:
5325:
5323:
5311:
5305:
5295:
5289:
5284:
5278:
5273:
5267:
5266:
5264:
5262:
5247:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5236:
5231:on 10 April 2014
5227:. Archived from
5221:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5210:
5187:
5181:
5180:
5178:
5176:
5171:on 13 April 2021
5167:. Archived from
5161:
5155:
5154:
5130:
5124:
5123:
5077:
5071:
5070:
5062:
5056:
5055:
5047:
5041:
5040:
5038:
5036:
5020:
5014:
5004:
4995:
4994:
4954:
4948:
4947:
4945:
4943:
4928:
4919:
4912:
4906:
4892:
4886:
4879:
4873:
4867:
4861:
4860:
4854:
4850:
4848:
4840:
4822:
4809:
4804:
4798:
4797:
4795:
4793:
4784:
4775:
4769:
4768:
4750:
4744:
4743:
4704:
4698:
4680:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4669:
4626:
4617:
4605:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4594:
4571:
4565:
4564:
4554:
4541:
4540:
4538:
4530:
4521:
4520:
4518:
4516:
4501:
4490:
4479:
4478:
4462:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4440:
4413:
4396:
4395:
4394:: 282–290. 2011.
4387:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4362:
4346:
4340:
4334:
4319:
4313:
4306:
4249:
4247:
4246:
4241:
4227:
4225:
4224:
4219:
4205:
4203:
4202:
4197:
4195:
4178:
4176:
4175:
4170:
4155:
4153:
4152:
4147:
4135:
4133:
4132:
4127:
4115:
4113:
4112:
4107:
4105:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4082:
4066:
4064:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4027:
4026:
4010:
4008:
4007:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3987:
3986:
3969:on the ecliptic.
3964:
3962:
3961:
3956:
3939:
3928:
3927:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3901:
3875:
3874:
3856:
3854:
3853:
3848:
3822:
3821:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3795:
3769:
3768:
3750:
3748:
3747:
3742:
3725:
3724:
3703:
3702:
3041:
3040:
2661:
2660:
2003:
2002:
1233:
1232:
1130:Fourier analysis
1065:is the planet's
1049:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1039:
1026:
1022:
1004:
1002:
991:
989:
981:
944:
942:
934:
926:
920:
917:
905:
901:
883:
881:
870:
868:
866:
843:
806:
804:
796:
788:
773:
769:
768:
764:
737:
735:
724:
707:
705:
694:
687:
685:
662:
653:
651:
643:
635:
569:Coriolis effects
542:
526:
472:Daniel Bernoulli
413:further analysis
407:'s rotation and
189:Crates of Mallus
159:of northeastern
100:
93:
89:
86:
80:
78:
67:
27:
26:
19:
6988:
6987:
6983:
6982:
6981:
6979:
6978:
6977:
6968:Fluid mechanics
6933:
6932:
6931:
6926:
6914:
6886:
6725:
6699:
6661:
6642:Sea-level curve
6613:
6552:
6538:Transform fault
6488:Mid-ocean ridge
6454:
6447:
6413:Oceanic plateau
6319:
6305:Tidal resonance
6275:Theory of tides
6216:
6125:Longshore drift
6075:Ekman transport
6011:
6005:
6004:
6003:
6002:
6001:
6000:
5991:
5943:Wave turbulence
5876:Trochoidal wave
5801:Longshore drift
5697:
5692:
5620:Wayback Machine
5609:
5604:
5599:
5595:
5555:
5548:
5538:
5536:
5529:
5525:
5520:
5516:
5510:
5506:
5499:
5483:
5479:
5471:
5467:
5466:
5462:
5449:
5448:
5444:
5434:
5432:
5423:
5422:
5418:
5411:
5407:
5397:
5395:
5386:
5385:
5381:
5376:. 15 June 2000.
5372:
5371:
5367:
5357:
5355:
5350:
5349:
5345:
5336:
5335:
5331:
5321:
5319:
5314:Floor Anthoni.
5312:
5308:
5296:
5292:
5285:
5281:
5274:
5270:
5260:
5258:
5257:on 2 April 2015
5249:
5248:
5244:
5234:
5232:
5223:
5222:
5218:
5208:
5206:
5204:
5188:
5184:
5174:
5172:
5163:
5162:
5158:
5131:
5127:
5078:
5074:
5063:
5059:
5048:
5044:
5034:
5032:
5021:
5017:
5007:Rice University
5005:
4998:
4955:
4951:
4941:
4939:
4929:
4922:
4913:
4909:
4896:Astronomia nova
4893:
4889:
4880:
4876:
4872:(pdf, in Dutch)
4868:
4864:
4852:
4851:
4842:
4841:
4837:
4823:
4812:
4805:
4801:
4791:
4789:
4782:
4776:
4772:
4765:
4751:
4747:
4705:
4701:
4681:
4677:
4667:
4665:
4627:
4620:
4606:
4602:
4592:
4590:
4588:
4572:
4568:
4555:
4544:
4536:
4532:
4531:
4524:
4514:
4512:
4510:
4499:
4491:
4482:
4463:
4448:
4438:
4436:
4414:
4399:
4389:
4388:
4384:
4374:
4372:
4364:
4363:
4359:
4355:
4350:
4349:
4341:
4337:
4320:
4316:
4307:
4303:
4298:
4271:
4264:
4260:
4235:
4232:
4231:
4213:
4210:
4209:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4164:
4161:
4160:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4046:
4022:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4012:
3995:
3991:
3982:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3932:
3923:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3913:
3870:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3817:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3764:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3720:
3716:
3698:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3674:Doodson numbers
3670:
3668:Doodson numbers
3623:
3575:
3525:
3477:
3428:
3375:
3322:
3269:
3216:
3162:
3124:
3111:
3098:
3085:
3074:
3066:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3039:
2995:
2991:
2944:
2940:
2891:
2887:
2838:
2834:
2786:
2782:
2746:
2733:
2720:
2707:
2696:
2688:
2680:
2675:
2673:
2668:
2659:
2609:
2555:
2500:
2394:
2342:
2289:
2236:
2181:
2124:
2086:
2073:
2060:
2047:
2036:
2028:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2001:
1952:
1898:
1849:
1796:
1742:
1688:
1634:
1579:
1524:
1468:
1410:
1354:
1316:
1303:
1290:
1277:
1266:
1258:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1231:
1203:Eastport, Maine
1183:
1177:
1169:analog computer
1157:Doodson numbers
1147:, applying the
1126:William Thomson
1106:
1101:
1037:
1036:
1009:
1005:
995:
990:
980:
945:
935:
927:
925:
922:
921:
916:
888:
884:
874:
869:
847:
842:
807:
797:
789:
787:
784:
783:
742:
738:
728:
723:
698:
693:
692:
688:
666:
661:
654:
644:
636:
634:
630:
628:
625:
624:
557:
556:
555:
554:
553:
543:
535:
534:
527:
516:
499:
478:, developed by
468:
394:Galileo Galilei
383:Johannes Kepler
372:
312:
310:Medieval period
288:also held "the
229:Natural History
224:Pliny the Elder
173:
153:
148:
120:theory of tides
101:
90:
84:
81:
69:
58:
44:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6986:
6976:
6975:
6970:
6965:
6963:Fluid dynamics
6960:
6955:
6950:
6945:
6928:
6927:
6925:
6924:
6912:
6902:
6891:
6888:
6887:
6885:
6884:
6879:
6874:
6869:
6864:
6862:Stratification
6859:
6854:
6849:
6844:
6839:
6834:
6833:
6832:
6822:
6817:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6754:
6752:Color of water
6749:
6747:Benthic lander
6744:
6739:
6733:
6731:
6727:
6726:
6724:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6707:
6705:
6701:
6700:
6698:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6671:
6669:
6663:
6662:
6660:
6659:
6654:
6652:Sea level rise
6649:
6647:Sea level drop
6644:
6639:
6634:
6629:
6623:
6621:
6615:
6614:
6612:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6560:
6558:
6554:
6553:
6551:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6483:Marine geology
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6459:
6457:
6449:
6448:
6446:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6423:Passive margin
6420:
6418:Oceanic trench
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6329:
6327:
6321:
6320:
6318:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6277:
6272:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6226:
6224:
6218:
6217:
6215:
6214:
6209:
6204:
6199:
6194:
6193:
6192:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6150:Ocean dynamics
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6040:Coriolis force
6037:
6032:
6027:
6021:
6019:
6013:
6012:
5994:
5992:
5990:
5989:
5988:
5987:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5966:
5965:
5960:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5889:
5888:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5861:Stokes problem
5858:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5818:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5796:Kinematic wave
5793:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5707:
5705:
5699:
5698:
5691:
5690:
5683:
5676:
5668:
5660:
5659:
5658:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5608:
5607:External links
5605:
5603:
5602:
5593:
5565:(2): 190–212.
5546:
5523:
5514:
5504:
5497:
5477:
5460:
5442:
5416:
5405:
5379:
5365:
5343:
5329:
5306:
5290:
5279:
5268:
5242:
5216:
5202:
5182:
5156:
5145:(4): 337–348.
5125:
5104:10.1086/512829
5072:
5057:
5042:
5015:
4996:
4969:(3): 176–185.
4949:
4937:Brain Pickings
4920:
4907:
4887:
4874:
4862:
4836:978-1135459321
4835:
4810:
4799:
4778:HUGHES, PAUL.
4770:
4763:
4745:
4718:(1): 525–545.
4699:
4675:
4641:(2): 105–126.
4618:
4613:De Providentia
4600:
4586:
4566:
4542:
4522:
4508:
4480:
4446:
4397:
4382:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4348:
4347:
4335:
4314:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4270:
4267:
4262:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4239:
4229:
4217:
4207:
4194:
4191:
4180:
4168:
4145:
4125:
4104:
4101:
4080:
4069:
4068:
4056:
4052:
4049:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4025:
4021:
3998:
3994:
3990:
3985:
3981:
3970:
3967:ascending node
3954:
3951:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3931:
3926:
3922:
3911:
3899:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3881:
3878:
3873:
3869:
3858:
3846:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3820:
3816:
3805:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3767:
3763:
3752:
3740:
3737:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3723:
3719:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3701:
3697:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3633:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3621:
3616:
3612:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3568:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3532:
3529:
3526:
3523:
3517:
3513:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3481:
3478:
3475:
3470:
3466:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3421:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3356:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3326:
3323:
3320:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3273:
3270:
3267:
3262:
3256:
3255:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3209:
3203:
3202:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3145:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3133:
3130:
3122:
3117:
3109:
3104:
3096:
3091:
3083:
3077:
3076:
3071:
3068:
3063:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2992:
2989:
2984:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2941:
2938:
2933:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2892:365.256360417
2888:
2885:
2880:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2839:182.628180208
2835:
2832:
2827:
2823:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2783:
2780:
2775:
2774:Lunar monthly
2771:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2744:
2739:
2731:
2726:
2718:
2713:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2693:
2690:
2685:
2682:
2677:
2670:
2665:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2602:
2601:Solar diurnal
2598:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2547:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2493:
2489:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2441:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2387:
2383:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2282:
2281:Solar diurnal
2278:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2229:
2228:Lunar diurnal
2225:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2174:
2172:Lunar diurnal
2168:
2167:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2117:
2115:Lunar diurnal
2111:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2084:
2079:
2071:
2066:
2058:
2053:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2030:
2025:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1789:
1785:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1314:
1309:
1301:
1296:
1288:
1283:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1230:
1227:
1215:Kodiak, Alaska
1176:
1173:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1051:
1050:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1001:
998:
994:
987:
984:
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
954:
951:
948:
946:
941:
938:
933:
930:
924:
923:
914:
911:
908:
904:
900:
897:
894:
891:
887:
880:
877:
873:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
846:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
816:
813:
810:
808:
803:
800:
795:
792:
786:
785:
782:
779:
776:
772:
767:
763:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
741:
734:
731:
727:
722:
719:
716:
713:
710:
704:
701:
697:
691:
684:
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
665:
660:
657:
655:
650:
647:
642:
639:
633:
632:
577:fluid dynamics
544:
537:
536:
528:
521:
520:
519:
518:
517:
515:
512:
467:
466:Dynamic theory
464:
424:René Descartes
371:
368:
316:Venerable Bede
311:
308:
247:De Providentia
222:in 325 BC and
201:heat expansion
172:
169:
152:
149:
147:
144:
103:
102:
47:full citations
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6985:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6944:
6941:
6940:
6938:
6923:
6918:
6913:
6911:
6903:
6901:
6893:
6892:
6889:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6840:
6838:
6835:
6831:
6828:
6827:
6826:
6823:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6783:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6770:Marine energy
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6760:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6737:Acidification
6735:
6734:
6732:
6728:
6722:
6719:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6709:
6708:
6706:
6702:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6690:SOFAR channel
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6672:
6670:
6668:
6664:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6624:
6622:
6620:
6616:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6561:
6559:
6555:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6498:Oceanic crust
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6473:Fracture zone
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6460:
6458:
6456:
6450:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6408:Oceanic basin
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6338:Abyssal plain
6336:
6334:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6326:
6322:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6245:Internal tide
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6227:
6225:
6223:
6219:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6191:
6188:
6187:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6140:Ocean current
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6022:
6020:
6018:
6014:
6009:
5998:
5986:
5983:
5982:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5955:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5938:Wave shoaling
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5898:Ursell number
5896:
5894:
5891:
5887:
5884:
5883:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5781:Internal wave
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5731:Breaking wave
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5708:
5706:
5704:
5700:
5696:
5689:
5684:
5682:
5677:
5675:
5670:
5669:
5666:
5662:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5637:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5617:
5614:
5611:
5610:
5597:
5588:
5584:
5580:
5576:
5572:
5568:
5564:
5560:
5553:
5551:
5534:
5527:
5518:
5508:
5500:
5498:9780521797467
5494:
5490:
5489:
5481:
5470:
5464:
5456:
5452:
5446:
5430:
5426:
5420:
5414:
5409:
5393:
5389:
5383:
5375:
5369:
5353:
5347:
5339:
5333:
5317:
5310:
5304:
5300:
5294:
5288:
5283:
5277:
5272:
5256:
5252:
5246:
5230:
5226:
5220:
5205:
5203:9780521797467
5199:
5195:
5194:
5186:
5170:
5166:
5160:
5152:
5148:
5144:
5140:
5136:
5129:
5121:
5117:
5113:
5109:
5105:
5101:
5097:
5093:
5089:
5085:
5084:
5076:
5068:
5061:
5053:
5046:
5030:
5026:
5019:
5012:
5008:
5003:
5001:
4992:
4988:
4984:
4980:
4976:
4972:
4968:
4964:
4960:
4953:
4938:
4934:
4927:
4925:
4917:
4911:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4891:
4884:
4878:
4871:
4866:
4858:
4846:
4838:
4832:
4828:
4821:
4819:
4817:
4815:
4808:
4803:
4788:
4781:
4774:
4766:
4760:
4756:
4753:Bede (2004).
4749:
4741:
4737:
4733:
4729:
4725:
4721:
4717:
4713:
4709:
4703:
4696:
4695:88-07-10349-4
4692:
4688:
4684:
4679:
4664:
4660:
4656:
4652:
4648:
4644:
4640:
4636:
4632:
4625:
4623:
4615:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4589:
4587:9780521797467
4583:
4579:
4578:
4570:
4562:
4561:
4553:
4551:
4549:
4547:
4535:
4529:
4527:
4511:
4505:
4498:
4497:
4489:
4487:
4485:
4477:(3): 209–222.
4476:
4472:
4468:
4461:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4435:
4431:
4427:
4423:
4419:
4412:
4410:
4408:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4393:
4386:
4371:
4367:
4361:
4357:
4344:
4339:
4332:
4331:
4325:
4318:
4312:
4305:
4301:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4266:
4255:
4237:
4230:
4215:
4208:
4192:
4189:
4181:
4166:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4143:
4123:
4102:
4099:
4078:
4050:
4047:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4028:
4023:
4019:
3996:
3992:
3988:
3983:
3979:
3971:
3968:
3946:
3940:
3936:
3933:
3929:
3924:
3920:
3912:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3871:
3867:
3859:
3841:
3838:
3835:
3829:
3826:
3823:
3818:
3814:
3806:
3785:
3782:
3776:
3773:
3770:
3765:
3761:
3753:
3735:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3721:
3717:
3710:
3707:
3704:
3699:
3695:
3687:
3686:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3675:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3628:
3625:
3620:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3609:
3607:
3605:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3577:
3572:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3527:
3522:
3518:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3474:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3463:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3430:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3324:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3164:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3042:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2996:13.660830779
2993:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2945:14.765294442
2942:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2881:
2879:Solar annual
2878:
2877:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2787:27.554631896
2784:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2662:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2634:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2606:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2552:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2344:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2004:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1846:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1234:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1187:
1182:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1139:
1138:George Darwin
1135:
1131:
1127:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1006:
999:
985:
982:
977:
971:
965:
962:
956:
952:
949:
947:
939:
931:
912:
909:
906:
902:
898:
895:
892:
889:
885:
878:
860:
854:
851:
848:
844:
839:
833:
827:
824:
818:
814:
811:
809:
801:
793:
780:
777:
774:
770:
765:
758:
752:
749:
746:
743:
739:
732:
720:
714:
711:
702:
689:
679:
673:
670:
667:
663:
658:
656:
648:
640:
623:
622:
621:
619:
615:
612:
608:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
551:
547:
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531:
525:
511:
509:
505:
500:
495:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
463:
461:
457:
453:
452:
447:
439:
435:
433:
429:
425:
421:
419:
414:
410:
406:
402:
400:
395:
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
367:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
343:
341:
340:
339:Divine Comedy
335:
331:
330:rule-of-thumb
326:
323:
322:
317:
307:
305:
304:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
248:
243:
239:
235:
231:
230:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
171:Classical era
168:
166:
162:
158:
157:Yolngu people
143:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
114:
109:
99:
96:
88:
76:
75:documentation
72:
65:
64:documentation
61:
56:
52:
48:
43:
41:
37:
32:This article
30:
21:
20:
6953:Oceanography
6877:Water column
6825:Oceanography
6800:Observations
6795:Explorations
6765:Marginal sea
6758:
6716:OSTM/Jason-2
6548:Volcanic arc
6523:Slab suction
6274:
6240:Head of tide
6130:Loop Current
6070:Ekman spiral
5856:Stokes drift
5766:Gravity wave
5741:Cnoidal wave
5661:
5596:
5562:
5558:
5537:. Retrieved
5526:
5517:
5507:
5487:
5480:
5463:
5455:the original
5445:
5433:. Retrieved
5429:the original
5419:
5408:
5398:14 September
5396:. Retrieved
5392:the original
5382:
5368:
5356:. Retrieved
5346:
5332:
5320:. Retrieved
5309:
5298:
5293:
5282:
5271:
5259:. Retrieved
5255:the original
5245:
5233:. Retrieved
5229:the original
5219:
5207:. Retrieved
5192:
5185:
5173:. Retrieved
5169:the original
5159:
5142:
5138:
5128:
5087:
5081:
5075:
5066:
5060:
5051:
5045:
5033:. Retrieved
5028:
5018:
4966:
4962:
4952:
4940:. Retrieved
4936:
4915:
4910:
4904:From page 5:
4899:
4895:
4890:
4877:
4865:
4826:
4802:
4790:. Retrieved
4786:
4773:
4754:
4748:
4715:
4711:
4702:
4686:
4678:
4666:. Retrieved
4638:
4634:
4616:, section IV
4611:
4603:
4591:. Retrieved
4576:
4569:
4559:
4513:. Retrieved
4495:
4474:
4470:
4437:. Retrieved
4425:
4421:
4391:
4385:
4373:. Retrieved
4369:
4360:
4342:
4338:
4328:The Life of
4327:
4324:Philostratus
4317:
4304:
4256:
4253:
4070:
3683:
3677:
3673:
3671:
3626:6.103339275
3618:
3581:115.9364166
3578:3.105150301
3570:
3520:
3480:8.280400802
3472:
3423:
3413:
3378:6.269173724
3370:
3365:
3358:
3317:
3312:
3305:
3272:8.177140247
3264:
3259:
3252:
3219:4.140200401
3211:
3206:
3199:
3165:6.210300601
3157:
3152:
3126:
3119:
3113:
3106:
3100:
3093:
3087:
3080:
3037:Short period
2986:
2935:
2882:
2829:
2777:
2748:
2741:
2735:
2728:
2722:
2715:
2709:
2702:
2612:24.06588766
2604:
2558:28.00621204
2550:
2495:
2448:26.72305326
2443:
2397:23.09848146
2389:
2345:24.84120241
2337:
2284:
2239:22.30608083
2231:
2221:
2184:25.81933871
2176:
2171:
2164:
2127:23.93447213
2119:
2114:
2088:
2081:
2075:
2068:
2062:
2055:
2049:
2042:
1955:11.96723606
1947:
1901:12.19162085
1893:
1852:11.60695157
1844:
1799:11.98359564
1791:
1745:12.01644934
1737:
1691:12.22177348
1683:
1637:12.90537297
1629:
1574:
1571:Variational
1527:12.62600509
1519:
1509:
1471:12.65834751
1463:
1458:
1451:
1405:
1400:
1393:
1349:
1344:
1318:
1311:
1305:
1298:
1292:
1285:
1279:
1272:
1229:Semi-diurnal
1223:Hilo, Hawaii
1192:
1161:
1149:lunar theory
1145:A.T. Doodson
1142:
1122:
1083:
1074:
1070:
1062:
1054:
1052:
617:
613:
606:
599:
595:
591:
587:
585:
558:
549:
545:
529:
501:
496:
475:
469:
449:
444:
422:
417:
397:
391:
378:
377:in his 1608
375:Simon Stevin
373:
358:
344:
337:
327:
319:
313:
301:
298:Philostratus
280:
276:heliocentric
263:
252:Eratosthenes
245:
244:mentions in
228:
205:
174:
154:
119:
117:
113:Bay of Fundy
91:
82:
71:Citation bot
33:
6867:Thermocline
6584:Mesopelagic
6557:Ocean zones
6528:Slab window
6393:Hydrography
6333:Abyssal fan
6300:Tidal range
6290:Tidal power
6285:Tidal force
6170:Rip current
6105:Gulf Stream
6065:Ekman layer
6055:Downwelling
6030:Baroclinity
6017:Circulation
5913:Wave height
5903:Wave action
5886:megatsunami
5866:Stokes wave
5826:Rossby wave
5791:Kelvin wave
5771:Green's law
5209:28 December
5175:28 December
5090:(1): 1–22.
5035:19 February
4942:27 December
4881:Palmerino,
4853:|work=
4792:27 December
4683:Lucio Russo
4668:27 December
4593:28 December
4515:27 December
4439:27 December
4428:: 770–777.
4285:Kelvin wave
3629:58.9841042
3531:42.9271398
3528:8.38630265
3483:43.4761563
3381:57.4238337
3275:44.0251729
3222:86.9523127
3168:57.9682084
2994:327.8599387
2943:354.3670666
2837:4383.076325
2785:661.3111655
2657:Long period
2615:14.9589314
2561:12.8542862
2506:13.3986609
2451:13.4715145
2400:15.5854433
2348:14.4920521
2242:16.1391017
2187:13.9430356
2130:15.0410686
1958:30.0821373
1904:29.5284789
1855:31.0158958
1802:30.0410667
1748:29.9589333
1694:29.4556253
1640:27.8953548
1585:27.9682084
1582:12.8717576
1530:28.5125831
1474:28.4397295
1360:28.9841042
1357:12.4206012
492:amphidromic
456:tidal force
294:Dicaearchus
264:Tetrabiblos
161:Arnhem Land
85:August 2022
6948:Geophysics
6937:Categories
6805:Reanalysis
6704:Satellites
6685:Sofar bomb
6533:Subduction
6508:Ridge push
6403:Ocean bank
6383:Contourite
6310:Tide gauge
6295:Tidal race
6280:Tidal bore
6270:Slack tide
6235:Earth tide
6155:Ocean gyre
5975:Wind setup
5970:Wind fetch
5933:Wave setup
5928:Wave radar
5923:Wave power
5821:Rogue wave
5751:Dispersion
4509:047191505X
4353:References
4290:Tide table
2999:1.0980331
2948:1.0158958
2895:0.0410686
2890:8766.15265
2842:0.0821373
2790:0.5443747
2503:26.868350
1221:(CA), and
1153:E.W. Brown
565:barotropic
460:bathymetry
370:Modern era
363:al-Bitruji
286:Heraclides
238:Posidonius
181:whirlpools
51:verifiable
6667:Acoustics
6619:Sea level
6518:Slab pull
6455:tectonics
6363:Cold seep
6325:Landforms
6202:Whirlpool
6197:Upwelling
5980:Wind wave
5908:Wave base
5836:Sea state
5756:Edge wave
5746:Cross sea
5587:126219362
4991:126889093
4855:ignored (
4845:cite book
4740:222087224
4375:8 October
4044:−
4038:−
3980:β
3950:Ω
3947:−
3921:β
3892:−
3868:β
3839:−
3815:β
3789:Ω
3762:β
3733:−
3730:π
3718:θ
3708:τ
3696:β
1093:vorticity
1079:potential
1014:ζ
1000:φ
997:∂
993:∂
972:φ
966:
960:Ω
937:∂
929:∂
893:ζ
879:λ
876:∂
872:∂
861:φ
855:
834:φ
828:
822:Ω
812:−
799:∂
791:∂
759:φ
753:
733:φ
730:∂
726:∂
703:λ
700:∂
696:∂
680:φ
674:
646:∂
641:ζ
638:∂
611:longitude
488:resonance
451:Principia
448:, in the
392:In 1616,
357:, in his
328:Medieval
282:Aristotle
268:astrology
36:bare URLs
6900:Category
6852:Seawater
6579:Littoral
6574:Deep sea
6433:Seamount
6315:Tideline
6260:Rip tide
6190:shutdown
6160:Overflow
5893:Undertow
5736:Clapotis
5616:Archived
5261:31 March
5235:14 April
5120:46174715
5112:17539198
4663:24138749
4269:See also
4193:′
4103:′
4051:′
3937:′
3643:473.555
3593:855.555
3544:345.555
3495:355.555
3395:445.655
3342:491.555
3288:365.555
3234:655.555
3180:455.555
3065:Doodson
3044:Species
2687:Doodson
2664:Species
2629:163.555
2575:125.755
2520:135.655
2466:137.455
2414:175.455
2360:155.555
2309:164.555
2255:185.555
2200:145.555
2143:165.555
2027:Doodson
2006:Species
1971:275.555
1918:265.455
1869:291.555
1816:274.555
1762:272.555
1709:263.655
1654:235.755
1599:237.555
1545:247.455
1488:245.655
1430:273.555
1372:255.555
1257:Doodson
1236:Species
604:latitude
602:(in the
533:equator.
484:friction
418:Dialogue
387:magnetic
40:link rot
6910:Commons
6780:Mooring
6730:Related
6721:Jason-3
6711:Jason-1
6594:Pelagic
6589:Oceanic
6564:Benthic
5881:Tsunami
5851:Soliton
5567:Bibcode
5316:"Tides"
5092:Bibcode
4971:Bibcode
4720:Bibcode
4643:Bibcode
4430:Bibcode
3067:number
3052:Period
3049:symbol
3047:Darwin
3012:75.555
2962:73.555
2908:56.555
2855:57.555
2804:65.455
2689:number
2676:(days)
2672:Period
2669:symbol
2667:Darwin
2029:number
2014:Period
2011:symbol
2009:Darwin
1999:Diurnal
1259:number
1244:Period
1241:symbol
1239:Darwin
1057:is the
573:gravity
278:model.
260:Ptolemy
163:in the
146:History
6599:Photic
6428:Seabed
5841:Seiche
5585:
5539:22 May
5535:. NOAA
5531:NOAA.
5495:
5435:2 June
5358:2 June
5322:2 June
5200:
5118:
5110:
4989:
4833:
4761:
4738:
4693:
4661:
4608:Seneca
4584:
4506:
4366:"Moon"
3075:order
3059:(°/h)
3057:Speed
2697:order
2681:(°/h)
2679:Speed
2037:order
2021:(°/h)
2019:Speed
1375:268.7
1267:order
1251:(°/h)
1249:Speed
1225:(HI).
1217:(AK),
1213:(PR),
1209:(MS),
1205:(ME),
1053:where
446:Newton
432:aether
396:wrote
242:Seneca
216:Greeks
197:Purana
132:oceans
60:reFill
6943:Tides
6790:Ocean
6759:Alvin
6609:Swash
6453:Plate
6398:Knoll
6388:Guyot
6343:Atoll
6222:Tides
5985:model
5871:Swell
5703:Waves
5583:S2CID
5472:(PDF)
5116:S2CID
5031:. PBS
4987:S2CID
4783:(PDF)
4736:S2CID
4659:JSTOR
4537:(PDF)
4500:(PDF)
4296:Notes
3073:NOAA
2695:NOAA
2644:11.6
2641:12.6
2215:23.0
2212:25.9
2206:16.9
2203:11.9
2161:16.7
2158:36.8
2155:39.8
2149:16.2
2146:15.6
2035:NOAA
1974:11.6
1921:13.5
1548:12.6
1503:12.3
1500:20.1
1491:54.3
1445:13.7
1442:32.5
1433:42.0
1390:23.0
1387:58.0
1384:97.3
1381:15.9
1265:NOAA
508:TOPEX
504:CHAMP
405:Earth
334:Dante
210:(and
185:Plato
128:tidal
34:uses
6757:DSV
6742:Argo
6604:Surf
6060:Eddy
5541:2012
5493:ISBN
5437:2012
5400:2015
5360:2012
5324:2012
5263:2015
5237:2014
5211:2020
5198:ISBN
5177:2020
5108:PMID
5083:Isis
5037:2014
5029:NOVA
4944:2020
4857:help
4831:ISBN
4794:2020
4759:ISBN
4691:ISBN
4670:2020
4595:2020
4582:ISBN
4517:2020
4504:ISBN
4441:2020
4377:2020
4136:and
3656:1.0
3653:0.6
3646:1.8
3599:0.1
3596:0.5
3557:1.4
3554:0.5
3547:0.5
3506:0.5
3453:0.1
3408:0.9
3405:0.3
3398:2.3
3347:0.1
3300:1.9
3297:0.5
3245:1.0
3240:0.1
3237:5.1
3194:2.3
3191:0.9
3186:0.6
3183:6.0
3054:(h)
3027:0.7
3022:2.0
3019:1.4
2971:1.5
2924:4.3
2921:3.8
2918:7.8
2915:5.5
2869:3.9
2866:1.5
2863:2.1
2858:1.6
2814:1.9
2811:0.7
2647:5.1
2638:2.9
2635:5.4
2632:5.2
2593:0.2
2590:0.4
2587:0.7
2584:0.2
2581:0.4
2578:0.3
2538:1.6
2535:4.0
2532:4.7
2529:1.4
2526:3.3
2523:2.0
2484:0.3
2481:0.9
2478:0.9
2475:0.3
2472:0.6
2469:0.3
2432:1.1
2429:1.9
2426:2.3
2423:0.6
2420:1.3
2417:0.9
2378:0.5
2375:1.1
2372:1.4
2369:0.5
2366:1.2
2363:0.6
2326:0.3
2323:0.7
2320:1.2
2317:0.5
2312:1.0
2273:0.7
2270:1.1
2267:1.2
2264:0.4
2261:0.7
2258:0.5
2218:9.2
2209:7.7
2152:9.0
2016:(h)
1989:2.8
1986:4.0
1983:9.0
1980:0.6
1977:0.9
1936:0.5
1933:1.6
1930:2.4
1927:0.5
1924:0.1
1872:0.5
1832:0.1
1829:0.1
1826:0.2
1819:0.9
1780:0.6
1777:0.9
1774:1.9
1771:0.1
1768:0.2
1765:3.7
1726:0.2
1723:0.6
1720:0.7
1717:0.1
1712:5.3
1672:0.6
1669:1.4
1666:2.4
1663:0.5
1660:0.1
1657:6.5
1617:0.8
1614:0.7
1611:2.2
1608:0.5
1605:0.1
1602:2.0
1563:0.9
1560:2.6
1557:3.9
1554:0.8
1551:0.2
1506:4.4
1497:3.7
1494:1.1
1448:9.2
1439:2.1
1436:3.3
1378:3.9
1246:(h)
1089:curl
609:and
598:and
314:The
208:Moon
155:The
138:and
136:Moon
118:The
68:and
5575:doi
5512:67.
5147:doi
5100:doi
4979:doi
4728:doi
4716:500
4651:doi
4333:, V
4011:or
3661:37
3638:−2
3610:36
3562:34
3537:−1
3511:32
3464:12
3443:−6
3434:90
3387:−1
3337:−4
3328:60
3147:HI
3144:CA
3141:AK
3138:PR
3135:MS
3132:ME
3030:24
2978:23
2957:−2
2927:22
2874:21
2821:20
2801:−1
2769:HI
2766:CA
2763:AK
2760:PR
2757:MS
2754:ME
2674:(h)
2650:30
2624:−2
2596:29
2567:−3
2541:26
2512:−2
2487:25
2463:−1
2457:−2
2435:19
2411:−1
2381:18
2329:17
2304:−1
2295:15
2292:24
2276:15
2193:−1
2109:HI
2106:CA
2103:AK
2100:PR
2097:MS
2094:ME
1992:35
1939:33
1915:−1
1885:31
1864:−4
1835:28
1811:−1
1783:27
1757:−3
1729:16
1703:−2
1675:14
1646:−2
1620:13
1591:−2
1566:11
1542:−1
1536:−1
1480:−1
1425:−2
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1413:12
1339:HI
1336:CA
1333:AK
1330:PR
1327:MS
1324:ME
1151:of
963:sin
918:and
852:cos
825:sin
750:cos
671:cos
290:sun
262:'s
226:'s
212:Sun
142:).
140:Sun
6939::
5581:.
5573:.
5561:.
5549:^
5143:11
5141:.
5137:.
5114:.
5106:.
5098:.
5088:98
5086:.
5027:.
5009::
4999:^
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4977:.
4967:87
4965:.
4961:.
4935:.
4923:^
4849::
4847:}}
4843:{{
4813:^
4785:.
4734:.
4726:.
4714:.
4685:,
4657:.
4649:.
4639:20
4637:.
4633:.
4621:^
4610:,
4545:^
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4473:.
4469:.
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4424:.
4420:.
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4368:.
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4091:,
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3632:4
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3584:8
3534:3
3521:MK
3486:3
3448:*
3440:6
3437:6
3431:4
3414:10
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3334:4
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3116:)
3103:)
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3002:0
2954:2
2951:0
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2903:1
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2850:2
2845:0
2833:sa
2796:1
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2738:)
2725:)
2712:)
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2618:1
2572:2
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2517:1
2509:1
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2454:1
2406:2
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2245:1
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2190:1
2136:1
2133:1
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