420:
273:
488:
Edward II agreed to a 13-year truce with Bruce in May 1323 and, three months later, Grey was given permission to go to
Scotland to resupply Norham Castle with corn and ammunition and to replace its ploughs and carts which had been destroyed in the preceding years. He imprisoned 80 Scots at Norham who
410:
On the second day of the battle, the
English were heavily defeated and the king fled the field with a force of some 500 knights and was pursued by Sir James Douglas with only a small force, leaving hundreds of English dead on the field and a large number of English nobles and knights taken prisoner.
313:(a large multi-man crossbow) just below his eyes. He collapsed to the ground lifeless and preparations for a quick burial were made. Just as the funeral ceremony started, Grey suddenly stirred and opened his eyes, much to the astonishment of the funeral party. He subsequently staged a full recovery.
484:
to reinforce Lewis de
Beaumont's existing garrison to protect both Norham castle and the March. By 17 September Norham found itself besieged by 100 Scottish men at arms and 100 hobelars. The king sent Grey money to pay his garrison and requested that he send frequent reports of the situation and
386:
to follow at a distance carrying a battle standard. As they came into view of
Bickerton's confused men they mistook the grooms for another formation of soldiers and took flight. Grey and his men drove one hundred and eighty of Bickerton's abandoned horses to his castle as booty.
536:
in early
September. No naval conflict occurred and, landing at Orwell on 24 September, Isabella and Mortimer seized control of England with virtually no opposition, with most of Edward's orders having been ignored. Edward II was imprisoned and replaced on the throne by
378:
and the shock of his horse to down many of the enemy. Seeing the success of his aggression he was joined by his men at arms and together they succeeded in overthrowing many of the enemy and stampeded their horses.
450:, were kidnapped by Guy de Middleton before being freed by William de Felton. Middleton was executed and his lands confiscated. In May 1319, as reward for his services, Grey was granted 108 acres at
306:. A hook thrown from a siege machine ensnared de Beaumont one day, and was about to haul him to his death upon the castle walls, when Grey freed him in the nick of time and dragged him to safety.
470:
37:
238:, Grey was left for dead, stripped naked in the snow. He only survived because of the heat from the houses burning around him and was rescued the next day and his wounds healed.
327:
Grey became closer to the
Beaumont family, who were kinsmen of both the king and queen, and was drawn into court life. In 1305 Grey acted as attorney for de Beaumont's sister
1157:
504:
On 9 July 1325 Grey was ordered to accept back into the king's peace all those of
Northumberland who had joined the Scottish through poverty or other urgent needs.
404:
431:
Following their victory at
Bannockburn, the Scottish attacked and raided the north of England repeatedly over the ensuing years. Grey was garrisoned at
253:
374:
compared to the 400 men commanded by
Bickerton. Deciding that he could not avoid the ambush he decided to charge the heart of Bickerton's men using
1182:
517:
201:, a contributing factor to the devastating English defeat, is perhaps best known for his role in the tale of Sir William Marmion, the chivalric
555:
and the hamlet of
Mollisdoun and in October 1335 he was granted custody of the lands and marriage of the heir of Andrew de Grey in Berwick.
520:, Admiral of the Fleet of the North, alongside other captains and their ships, to help defend the hugely unpopular Edward II from his wife
469:
where he was to be based for 11 years. During this time Norham remained under a state of almost perpetual siege and it is Grey's rescue of
400:
283:
had captured most of Scotland by April 1304 and embarked upon a nineteen-week siege of the last significant uncaptured fortress at
403:
when they tried to go around the Scottish army on the first day of the battle and met with defeat at the hands of the forces of
1177:
1162:
1187:
1192:
528:. Grey was ordered to "compel" ships from Northumberland ports to join the fleet and to supervise their departure for
525:
439:. Grey was subsequently recompensed £179 arrears of wages for himself and 14 man-at-arms and for horses he had lost.
419:
344:
261:
187:
585:
513:
141:
309:
Just as Grey had performed this act of bravery he was struck in the head by a large bolt fired from a
494:
436:
242:
133:
485:
reassured the people around the castle that any losses in crops and goods would be made up to them.
1167:
570:
191:
159:
123:
544:
Edward III resumed hostilities with the Scottish and, shortly after the defeat of the Scottish at
1127:
367:, of which he was the then warden, he was ambushed by Walter de Bickerton, a supporter of Bruce.
1142:
1137:
1132:
545:
451:
1059:
1047:
1035:
995:
Scalacronica; The reigns of Edward I, Edward II and Edward III as Recorded by Sir Thomas Gray
538:
396:
360:
223:
198:
129:
241:
Grey was knighted before September 1301 and served with the king's lieutenant for Scotland,
1172:
1095:
1083:
1071:
356:
8:
993:
593:
589:
581:
280:
194:
in his chronicles, and provide a rare picture of the day-to-day realities of the wars.
521:
432:
383:
264:. Grey was beaten to the floor and taken prisoner but most of his comrades were slain.
104:
1012:
480:
expired in 1322 and Grey promised the king to recruit an extra 20 men at arms and 50
443:
340:
328:
303:
179:
447:
317:
231:
119:
493:
and attempted to reach Scotland and on 2 October was ordered to send them to the
336:
284:
227:
83:
552:
183:
109:
43:
gules, a lion rampant and a bordure indented argent: variation – a baton azure
1151:
516:
Grey was first granted more land at Howyk and then in August ordered to join
466:
424:
288:
257:
206:
175:
137:
99:
36:
399:
was undoubtedly the low point of his career. Grey served under Beaumont and
529:
364:
332:
321:
94:
498:
490:
458:
371:
865:
730:
728:
726:
665:
663:
462:
310:
292:
723:
454:
that formerly belonged to a supporter of Middleton, John Mautulent.
316:
It is from this event that Grey perhaps adopted a ram's head as the
660:
548:
in July 1333, Grey was appointed as deputy constable of Berwick.
533:
481:
296:
889:
832:
830:
828:
826:
824:
822:
260:
when they were attacked at night by a much larger force led by
235:
202:
819:
477:
375:
877:
272:
975:
634:
632:
565:
Grey married Agnes de Bayles and had the following issue:
1078:
734:
576:
Margaret Grey (d. 27 May 1378), married John Eure de Aton
246:
1066:
669:
629:
913:
802:
Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland
355:
Upon the death of Edward I he was succeeded by his son
222:
Grey was serving under William de Hesilrig, Sheriff of
957:. Vol. XIV. Newcastle: Andrew Reid & Co Ltd.
1090:
939:. Vol. II. Newcastle: Andrew Reid & Co Ltd.
895:
457:
Grey was appointed in 1319 as Sheriff of Norham and
382:
Before starting the charge, Grey had instructed his
252:
In May 1303 Grey found himself under the command of
197:
His career, blemished by his suicidal charge at the
1158:
English people of the Wars of Scottish Independence
617:
442:In 1317 Grey's patron de Beaumont and his brother
267:
1054:
836:
324:as a light-hearted reference to his thick skull.
1149:
1030:
883:
808:
350:
1105:Soldiers Lives through History: the Middle Ages
1042:
390:
302:Grey fought at the siege under the command of
768:
766:
764:
751:
749:
747:
745:
743:
370:Grey was heavily outnumbered, having only 26
713:
711:
709:
707:
705:
692:
690:
650:
648:
646:
970:
919:
190:. His experiences were recorded by his son
1080:Calendar of Documents Relating to Scotland
1068:Calendar of Documents Relating to Scotland
853:
804:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 231.
761:
740:
186:, was a soldier who served throughout the
35:
985:Sir Thomas Gray's Scalacronica, 1272–1363
702:
687:
675:
643:
560:
435:in 1318 which fell to Bruce following an
418:
331:. In December 1307 Grey took custody of
271:
1183:14th-century English military personnel
1092:Parliamentary Writs Alphabetical Digest
1010:
991:
934:
907:
871:
859:
784:
772:
755:
717:
696:
681:
654:
638:
339:following the execution of her husband
16:14th-century English soldier and knight
1150:
1102:
1017:. Glasgow: James Maclehose & Sons.
961:
799:
623:
363:in February 1308. As Grey returned to
1111:
998:. Glasgow: James Maclehose & Sons
952:
943:
611:
489:had, coming from overseas, landed at
1128:Norham Castle English Heritage Site
1021:
982:
972:Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem
848:
842:
814:
512:During the buildup to the impending
473:that he is probably best known for.
359:and Grey attended the coronation at
41:Arms of Sir Thomas Grey of Heaton:-
789:. Cannongate Classics. p. 476.
13:
212:
14:
1204:
1121:
526:Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March
987:. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press.
414:
928:
901:
793:
778:
551:In about 1334 Grey was granted
507:
268:Siege of Stirling Castle (1304)
124:Siege of Stirling Castle (1304)
1116:. London: Hutchinson & Co.
1114:Robert the Bruce King of Scots
800:Barrow, Geoffrey W.S. (1988).
735:Cal Docs Rel Scotland III 1887
605:
343:for his part in the murder of
47:1: Scaling Ladder 2: Rams Head
1:
1143:Castle Heaton, Northumberland
1112:Scott, Ronald McNair (1982).
670:Cal Docs Rel Scotland II 1884
599:
580:Thomas is an ancestor of the
351:Ambush at Cupar Castle (1308)
217:
188:wars of Scottish Independence
127:Ambush at Cupar Castle (1308)
1082:. Vol. III. Edinburgh:
966:. London: J.Parker & Co.
391:Battle of Bannockburn (1314)
232:assassination of the Sheriff
226:as early as 1297. Following
171:
130:Battle of Bannockburn (1314)
7:
1178:13th-century English people
1163:Knights banneret of England
1070:. Vol. II. Edinburgh:
1026:. London: Harleian Society.
955:A History of Northumberland
937:A History of Northumberland
514:Invasion of England of 1326
291:which included the massive
10:
1209:
1188:People from Northumberland
1107:. London: Greenwood Press.
446:, soon to be installed as
142:Invasion of England (1326)
1193:History of Northumberland
1103:Rogers, Clifford (2007).
1011:Maxwell, Herbert (1913).
992:Maxwell, Herbert (1907).
974:. Vol. VII. London:
964:Some Feudal Coats of Arms
896:Parl Writs II Digest 1834
582:Earl Greys of Tankerville
423:The ruins of the keep of
243:Patrick IV, Earl of March
155:
147:
134:Capture of Berwick (1318)
115:
89:
79:
69:
61:
53:
34:
23:
1094:. Vol. II. London:
953:Dodds, Margaret (1935).
935:Bateson, Edward (1895).
573:, Soldier and Chronicler
347:, Guardian of Scotland.
160:Thomas Grey (chronicler)
1024:The Knights of Edward I
1014:The Lanercost Chronicle
962:Foster, Joseph (1902).
944:Burke, Bernard (1884).
120:Action at Lanark (1297)
1022:Moor, Charles (1929).
946:Burkes General Armoury
837:Patent Rolls 1232–1509
785:Barbour, John (1997).
561:Family and descendants
452:Howick, Northumberland
428:
395:Grey's capture at the
277:
174:before March 1344) of
138:Siege of Norham (1322)
1060:Parliament of England
1048:Parliament of England
1036:Parliament of England
884:Close Rolls 1224–1468
422:
397:Battle of Bannockburn
275:
199:Battle of Bannockburn
29:Thomas Grey of Heaton
1096:Public Record Office
1084:Public Record Office
1072:Public Record Office
594:Baron Greys of Werke
590:Baron Greys of Powis
103:Deputy Constable of
983:King, Andy (2005).
405:Sir Thomas Randolph
584:, Baronet Grey of
433:Berwick-upon-Tweed
429:
361:Westminster Palace
278:
105:Berwick-upon-Tweed
948:. London: Burkes.
444:Louis de Beaumont
437:eleven-week siege
407:, Earl of Moray.
341:Christopher Seton
329:Isabella de Vesci
304:Henry de Beaumont
180:Cornhill-on-Tweed
178:in the parish of
165:
164:
57:before March 1344
1200:
1117:
1108:
1099:
1087:
1075:
1063:
1051:
1039:
1027:
1018:
1007:
1005:
1003:
988:
979:
967:
958:
949:
940:
923:
917:
911:
905:
899:
893:
887:
881:
875:
869:
863:
857:
851:
846:
840:
834:
817:
812:
806:
805:
797:
791:
790:
782:
776:
770:
759:
753:
738:
732:
721:
715:
700:
694:
685:
679:
673:
667:
658:
652:
641:
636:
627:
621:
615:
609:
448:Bishop of Durham
173:
71:
39:
21:
20:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1168:English knights
1148:
1147:
1124:
1058:. Westminster:
1046:. Westminster:
1034:. Westminster:
1001:
999:
931:
926:
920:Cal Inq PMs VII
918:
914:
906:
902:
894:
890:
882:
878:
874:, p. 61–63
870:
866:
858:
854:
847:
843:
835:
820:
813:
809:
798:
794:
783:
779:
771:
762:
754:
741:
733:
724:
716:
703:
695:
688:
680:
676:
668:
661:
653:
644:
637:
630:
622:
618:
610:
606:
602:
563:
510:
495:Sheriff of York
471:William Marmion
417:
401:Robert Clifford
393:
353:
285:Stirling Castle
270:
228:William Wallace
220:
215:
213:Career and life
168:Sir Thomas Grey
151:Agnes de Bayles
140:
136:
132:
128:
126:
122:
107:
102:
97:
84:Knight Banneret
49:
30:
27:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1206:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1146:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1123:
1122:External links
1120:
1119:
1118:
1109:
1100:
1088:
1076:
1064:
1052:
1040:
1028:
1019:
1008:
989:
980:
968:
959:
950:
941:
930:
927:
925:
924:
912:
900:
888:
876:
864:
852:
841:
818:
807:
792:
777:
760:
739:
722:
701:
686:
674:
659:
642:
628:
616:
603:
601:
598:
578:
577:
574:
562:
559:
553:Mitford Castle
524:and her lover
518:John de Sturmy
509:
506:
416:
413:
392:
389:
352:
349:
269:
266:
219:
216:
214:
211:
184:Northumberland
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
149:
145:
144:
117:
113:
112:
110:Mitford Castle
91:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
73:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
40:
32:
31:
28:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1205:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1133:Norham Castle
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1009:
997:
996:
990:
986:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
960:
956:
951:
947:
942:
938:
933:
932:
921:
916:
910:, p. 282
909:
904:
897:
892:
885:
880:
873:
868:
861:
856:
850:
845:
838:
833:
831:
829:
827:
825:
823:
816:
811:
803:
796:
788:
781:
774:
769:
767:
765:
757:
752:
750:
748:
746:
744:
736:
731:
729:
727:
719:
714:
712:
710:
708:
706:
698:
693:
691:
683:
678:
671:
666:
664:
656:
651:
649:
647:
640:
635:
633:
626:, p. 100
625:
620:
614:, p. 660
613:
608:
604:
597:
595:
591:
587:
583:
575:
572:
568:
567:
566:
558:
556:
554:
549:
547:
542:
540:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
505:
502:
500:
496:
492:
486:
483:
479:
474:
472:
468:
467:Norham Castle
464:
460:
455:
453:
449:
445:
440:
438:
434:
426:
425:Norham Castle
421:
415:Norham Castle
412:
408:
406:
402:
398:
388:
385:
380:
377:
373:
368:
366:
362:
358:
348:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
325:
323:
319:
314:
312:
307:
305:
300:
298:
294:
290:
289:siege engines
287:using twelve
286:
282:
274:
265:
263:
259:
258:Melrose Abbey
255:
250:
248:
244:
239:
237:
233:
230:'s nighttime
229:
225:
210:
208:
207:Norham Castle
204:
200:
195:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
176:Heaton Castle
169:
161:
158:
154:
150:
146:
143:
139:
135:
131:
125:
121:
118:
114:
111:
106:
101:
100:Norham Castle
96:
92:
88:
85:
82:
78:
74:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
38:
33:
22:
19:
1113:
1104:
1091:
1079:
1067:
1062:. 1232–1509.
1056:Patent Rolls
1055:
1050:. 1199–1461.
1043:
1038:. 1224–1468.
1031:
1023:
1013:
1000:. Retrieved
994:
984:
971:
963:
954:
945:
936:
929:Bibliography
915:
908:Maxwell 1913
903:
891:
879:
872:Maxwell 1907
867:
862:, p. 61
860:Maxwell 1907
855:
844:
810:
801:
795:
786:
780:
775:, p. 49
773:Maxwell 1907
758:, p. 48
756:Maxwell 1907
720:, p. 26
718:Maxwell 1907
699:, p. 25
697:Maxwell 1907
684:, p. 24
682:Maxwell 1907
677:
657:, p. 18
655:Maxwell 1907
639:Bateson 1895
619:
607:
579:
564:
557:
550:
546:Halidon Hill
543:
511:
508:Later career
503:
487:
475:
456:
441:
430:
409:
394:
381:
369:
365:Cupar Castle
354:
333:Robert Bruce
326:
322:coat of arms
315:
308:
301:
279:
256:encamped at
251:
240:
221:
196:
167:
166:
116:Battles/wars
95:Cupar Castle
46:
42:
18:
1173:1344 deaths
1138:Heaton Hall
1032:Close Rolls
624:Foster 1902
586:Chillingham
571:Thomas Grey
499:York Castle
491:Lindisfarne
476:A two-year
459:Islandshire
372:man-at-arms
254:Hugh Audley
192:Thomas Grey
1152:Categories
1044:Fine Rolls
1002:17 October
612:Burke 1884
600:References
539:Edward III
345:John Comyn
335:'s sister
262:John Comyn
224:Clydesdale
218:Early life
108:Keeper of
98:Keeper of
93:Warden of
62:Allegiance
849:King 2005
815:Moor 1929
463:Constable
357:Edward II
337:Christina
311:springald
293:trebuchet
276:Springald
156:Relations
148:Spouse(s)
787:The Brus
522:Isabella
482:hobelars
295:called "
281:Edward I
90:Commands
70:Service/
45:Crest:-
1098:. 1834.
1086:. 1887.
1074:. 1884.
978:. 1909.
534:Suffolk
320:of his
297:Warwolf
65:England
530:Orwell
384:grooms
236:Lanark
203:knight
72:branch
478:truce
376:lance
318:crest
1004:2012
976:HMSO
592:and
569:Sir
461:and
80:Rank
75:Army
54:Died
497:at
465:of
299:".
247:Ayr
245:at
234:at
205:of
25:Sir
1154::
821:^
763:^
742:^
725:^
704:^
689:^
662:^
645:^
631:^
596:.
588:,
541:.
532:,
501:.
249:.
209:.
182:,
172:d.
1006:.
922:.
898:.
886:.
839:.
737:.
672:.
427:.
170:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
