Thomas Neville (died 1460)

793: 1130:

black, a banner of St George before him, and two behind. First, before the conveying of the body and bones of the said earl and his son, the earl of Warwick, son and heir of the said earl, rode after the chariot. Lord Montague on the right side afoot, Lord Latimer, his son, on the left hand with many knights and squires afoot on every side to the number of sixteen; the earl's banner and standard came next and immediately after the chariot; and before the earl of Warwick, meeting with the corpses a mile without the town, came two heralds and two kings of arms, bearing the coats of arms of the said earl at every corner of the chariot at which place they received the bodies and the bones so coffered...

736: 533: 48: 5728: 5672: 5933: 5702: 5692: 5682: 1035: 864:, who in turn chose Salisbury as his new chancellor. However, these arrangements only lasted a year, for the king appeared to have recovered by February 1455. He immediately undid York's appointments. York and Salisbury retired to their far-flung estates. They wrote to Henry regarding their fear of political enemies, emphasising their loyalty to him. This was in spite of what they called the "doubtes and ambiguitees jealousie" spread by their enemies. Henry and the 6251: 5739: 5712: 430:, one of the richest men in the kingdom, Cromwell was involved in feuds with two powerful men at this time; Friedrichs suggests that, while a man such as Cromwell could always expect to attract his share of enemies, previously he had been able to confront them in courts of law, mostly successfully. She continues though that "the political enemies he acquired in his later years 714:. While the later will was known about, it was possible that if the earlier will could be proved first, it would be harder for the manors gained from it to be legally repossessed, regardless of the later will. He also took paralegal action and took physical possession, backed by arms, of all he could. He and his fellow heir 4491: 807:

This indenture made bitwen Richard Earl of Salisbury & Richard Erl of Warrewic wardens of the cite & castell of Carlisle & of the West mches of England foruenst Scotland on that oon ptie And Thoms Neville knyght oon of the Sonnes of the said Erl of Salisbury & brother to the said Erl

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estate, the core of his wealth, and would have brought them vast wealth under the 1451 will. Its later iteration, however, greatly reduced the amount of land available to his heirs. Although they legally challenged the second will, they were unsuccessful in breaking it, and seem to have been reduced

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for servants and several charitable institutions. The main difference between that and the superseding will in 1454 was that—while they appeared superficially similar—the second will directed that the executors have discretion as to what institutions precisely benefitted. Friedrichs sums up the main

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on 11 October, when word reached the lords that York had evicted the King from his lodgings. York responded merely that he was intent on being crowned three days later. The lords slept on this, and then sent Thomas back that morning, where he found York preparing for his coronation. Thomas informed

1046:

When the Duke of York returned from Dublin in late September 1460, he slowly made his way to Westminster to meet the king and his peers—gathered for a forthcoming parliament—and arrived in October. To the surprise of all, he immediately claimed the throne. The Nevilles were as set against his claim

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the day after Cromwell died, told him that "Master Neville, the which hath wedded my Lady have power or interest to receive the Lord of Willoughby's debts, then he to be laboured unto. And my Lord of Salisbury will be a great helper in this cause." Resolving the legal issues was a slow process. The

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states that York could only see a small portion of the Lancastrian army, and so may have badly misjudged the odds against him. Waurin suggests the majority of the army was hidden in the forests on either side of Wakefield Green, meaning York walked into a massive ambush. It may also have been that

688:

and with even more claims against his estate". It is unknown where Thomas was at the time, but he attended Cromwell's funeral. The complexity of Cromwell's affairs led to many legal machinations, and as husband to one of his only heirs, Thomas was extensively involved in negotiations. Cromwell had

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by a Percy force of possibly 5,000 men. This—effectively an assassination attempt—was the most violent incident between the families for many years. Although the respective sizes of the opposing forces are unknown, the Nevilles would have had a substantial retinue with them. This encounter was the

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with his father on 15 February 1463, a date occasioned by the death and burial there of his mother Alice in December the previous year. In a chariot drawn by six horses, accompanied by Warwick and John, Thomas and their father's bodies were conveyed south from Pontefract. They were met by another

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on 20 October 1453, although a negotiated peace averted battle. The Crown tried to settle the feud, but Griffiths has described its response as "futile". Rather than take decisive action, it relied on writing letters to both the earls and their younger sons, regardless of how willing—or able—the

1634:

as "the biggest, longest and bloodiest military engagement on British soil", and John Goodwin as "the costliest encounter ever fought on British soil". Goodwin comments that "in the modern-day world, where something has to be the biggest, longest, even bloodiest, in order to be remarkable, then

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The interment of the Earl of Salisbury at Breshall , in the shire of Buckingham the fifteenth day of February in the second year of King Edward the Fourth, and of Sir Thomas his son, in two coffins, in one chariot with six horses in trappings, the first in St George's arms, the other covered in

679:

Maud's mother, Margaret had died in September 1454. Thomas's uncle-in-law, Lord Cromwell, had written his first will in 1451, but, probably unknown to his nieces or their husbands, he had re-written it three years later. The first will was extremely favourable to Maud; the second not nearly so,

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Little evidence survives regarding the detail of the battle, but it seems most likely that Salisbury was ambushed by a much larger royal army. Although outnumbered, Salisbury probably took the victory on account of his army of northerners being far more seasoned soldiers than Audley had at his

1225:

and other heraldic flourishes to the newly interred. It probably acted as the blueprint upon which Edward IV's reinternment of his father and brother in 1476 was based. Warwick's choice of Bisham for his father's and brother's final resting place—rather than the Neville heartlands of northern

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for 30 years, relations were often tense. The medievalist Bertie Wilkinson has described the environment of the period. Not only was it "seriously divided" politically, but "the area was remote, exposed to Scottish attack, and impossible to control, at least by the government of Henry VI".

1175:. Edward made his way to London, where he met Warwick. Edward was proclaimed King Edward IV on 4 March. The Lancastrians had retreated to the north, however, and still posed a threat to the new regime. Accordingly, Edward raised a large army and followed them. On 29 March 1461, the 578:

By 1453, tension had turned to violence. It was not the two earls, as heads of their families, who were the cause, but their younger sons, who were responsible for its escalation. To what extent Salisbury may have been directing affairs from afar is unknown, but the historian

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has suggested that the announcement of Thomas's marriage was the immediate cause of the feud with the Percys. Not only, says Griffiths, was any further Neville aggrandisement an anathema to the Percys, but the new Cromwell connection gave the Nevilles access to the ex-Percy

1078:

In the meantime, Lancastrian forces were regrouping in Yorkshire and raiding York's and Salisbury's estates and tenants. Thomas accompanied them when they marched out of London on 2 December 1460 to restore a semblance of order to the region; they arrived at York's

1060:

the duke that his position was untenable "to both lords and people". Although what was said between Thomas and the duke remains unknown, argues Johnson, his "mandate must have been both blunt and bluntly delivered", as—whatever Thomas had said—York acquiesced to a

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of the previous month), which announced a danger to the state and instructed the receiver to raise a specified number of men for a particular time and duty, being "'bound to lay to their hand' with the other lieges of the king and help to resist the malice of the

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Cromwell saw connecting his family to the Nevilles as a way of counterbalancing his enemies. The marriage cost him the massive sum of nearly £2,000 in loans to Salisbury: "the price the Nevilles could extract was a measure of Cromwell's desperation", argues the

1479:

Historians have speculated upon Henry's illness. Its precise nature is unknown, but Griffiths describes it as "a severe mental collapse, accompanied by a crippling physical disablement". His illness may also have had a genetic element, as Henry's grandfather,

822:, along with his fellow Cromwell co-heir, Bourchier. Later that year, his father and brother assigned Thomas their deputy—"lieutenant of the said city, castle and marches, as well in time of peace as of war"—on the West March towards Scotland, where they were 1155:

of 11 January 1461, Warwick informed him of "events in England and of the destruction of some of my kinsmen in the battle against our enemies"; his kinsmen being his father Salisbury, his brother Thomas, his cousin Edmund, and his uncle, York, as well as

750:

later claimed that over £2,000 worth of goods, cash and food had been stolen from Tattershall on the day of the funeral. There seems to have been an expectation by contemporaries that Thomas would receive the support of his father in pursuing his case.

1115:

wrote that he was "slain in the field" after around half an hour's fighting. Their heads were put upon stakes and taken to York—"for a spectacle to the people and a terror to the rest of their adversaryes"—where they were displayed above the gates.

1270:, also in rebellion against King Edward. She lived until 30 August 1497,—a "wealthy and formidab;e widow"—but her connection with the Nevilles seems to have ended with the death of Thomas. The Barony of Cromwell, which was entailed in the 935:, the next day. Hicks has suggested that this was due to his being wounded in battle and sent home; it is also possible that they ventured too far from the main army in pursuit of fleeing Lancastrians. In any case, they were imprisoned in 1545:

York may have assumed that he could count on the loyalty of Lord Neville as he could the Earls of Salisbury and Warwick. Lord Neville, though, was from a different branch of the family, which had been almost dispossessed by their father,

6245:

Briefly joined the Lancastrians. Briefly joined the Yorkists. Defected from the Yorkist to the Lancastrian cause. Initially a Yorkist who later supported the Tudor claim. Initially a Lancastrian who later supported the Tudor claim.

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and bedding that Maud claimed she had been promised. Legal disputation over the will continued until the 1470s. Ultimately, commented Friedrichs, Thomas was never able to create a major political powerbase from Cromwell's wealth.

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England—was probably based on a perceived political benefits to emphasising the Montagu connection. A "rich, pageant-filled affair", continued Saul, the ceremony was accompanied by the promulgation of an elaborate commemorative

1253:

that it was due to familial ties. The connection, supposedly, was Thomas Neville, in his capacity as a "short-lived" stepfather to Welles's wife. Hicks considered this a wholly inadequate explanation. Maud married again, to

833:; Salisbury, though was to have a third of all ransoms taken in the event that war broke out. Although R. L. Storey suggests that this was "less than a quarter" of Salisbury's and Warwick's official salary, more recently, 486:. He and Maud shared similar literary interests. Friedrichs has suggested that his "political and military adventures had included his wife, even to the point of battle", and he is known to have owned an early copy of 418:

on 5 January 1453. With increasing tension between the Percys and Nevilles in the north, relations between the latter and the crown had come under strain, and his knighting may have been an attempt to ameliorate this.

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This was part of the Nevilles' policy of filling the positions of political importance with their own sympathisers. Thomas was also commissioned to arrest and imprison any who disturbed the peace, and received

808:

of Warrewic on that othe partie bereth winesse tht the said Thomas is bilast and witholden toward the said Erles their leutenant of the said citee castell & marches aswel in tyme of paix as of warr.

191:

Thomas worked closely with them both in administering the region for the Crown and became a leading player in the turbulent regional politics of northern England in the early 1450s, especially in the

265:

Thomas joined his father Salisbury's and York's army, and travelled to Yorkshire in December 1460 with the purpose of suppressing Lancastrian-inspired disorder. There he fought in the disastrous

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Payling, S. J. (2014). "The 'Grete Laboure and the Long and Troublous Tyme': The Execution of the Will of Ralph, Lord Cromwell, and the Foundation of Tattershall College". In Clark, L. (ed.).

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and shot deer in her park, but she was unable to do anything herself because the Nevilles and Lumleys were both powerful local families. Six years later, he was appointed joint steward of the

1167:

Although Wakefield was a decisive blow for the Yorkists, the war was not yet over; even after news of the defeat reached Edward, now Duke of York, he continued recruiting a large army in the

1055:, refused to confront the Duke of York, so on two occasions, "Thomas Neville was sent instead". He evidently backed his father in his resistance to York's claims, and first met with York at 1494:

command, while the latter may also have suffered desertions among his army. The battle was not decisive, however, and Salisbury's army retreated under cover of the night, in some confusion.

848:

The year following the Nevilles' defeat of the Percys saw national politics become increasingly divided and factional. The King had been incapacitated since August 1453, but in April the

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The result was a decisive victory for the Yorkists. Edward entered York in triumph the following day. The remains of Thomas Neville and the other dead of Wakefield were removed from the

653:

as part of an aggressive Neville demonstration of power in January 1454. With his brothers, John and Richard, as well as Salisbury, they faced the Earl of Northumberland and his sons at

637:

After the wedding when returning home there was a very great division between Thomas Percy, Lord Egremont, and the said earl near York. The beginning of the greatest sorrows in England.

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former were to control the latter. In the event, the feud continued for much of the next year with further violent encounters and only came to a halt with another battle at Salisbury's

1567:

Historians are uncertain why York left the safety of Sandal Castle before reinforcements from the Earl of March could arrive, or why he was defeated so heavily. The French chronicler

1440:, or 5 February 1456. Alexander Ramsay, in his 1857 reissue of Fenn's collection, reprints the same letter but erroneously gives the date as 1454. This is, of course, impossible. 1423:—one of Cromwell's most "sumptuous" manors—were alleged by the executors to have carried off over £800 worth of goods while Cromwell was still in his deathbed, while in Norfolk, 1274:, could not be split between two female heirs, but Thomas's death at Wakefield effectively freed the crown to elevate the remaining heir, Bourchier, to the barony a month later. 1554:. Indeed, it was only twenty years since the two branches of the family, including Lord Neville, had fought a minor internecine war over Salisbury. They remained loyal to the 1230:, celebrating the Neville family's lineage. Neville is portrayed with his wife Maud, as well as his parents, brothers and their wives; he and Maud wear their Arms with the 269:, where the Yorkists went down to a crushing defeat. Thomas was killed in the fighting, and his head, alongside those of his father and uncle, was impaled above one of the 1693:

has called this "a curious heraldic puzzle which remains unsolved". The importance of the document precludes it having been accidental but may have been an extra layer of

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Although Thomas's feud with the Percy sons was not directly connected to the battle, it was considered part of the general disorder. So, as part of the king's attempt to

632:

Et post nuptias in redeundo facta est maxima divisio inter Thomam Percy, dominum de Egremond, et dictum comitem, prope Eboracum. Initium fuit maximorum dolorum in Anglia.

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proportions", says Hicks. As a marriage settlement from the Earl and Countess of Salisbury in Easter 1454, Thomas and Maud received two-thirds of the Yorkshire manors of

470:

Rhoda Friedrichs. This money was divided between the earl, Thomas and his brothers. The marriage was designed by Salisbury to provide Thomas with an estate "of genuinely

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are sparse, but the Yorkists—possibly outnumbered three to one—are known to have gone down to a crushing defeat. York died on the field. Rutland was probably knifed by

4180:

Dockray, K. (2020). "Contemporary and Near-contemporary Chroniclers: The North of England and the Wars of the Roses, c. 1450–1471". In Clark, L.; Fleming, P. (eds.).

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died. This bought matters to a head. Only the king could appoint a new chancellor, so a new head of government was required until Henry's recovery. The lords chose

666:, near York on 31 October 1454. Thomas and John confronted and decisively beat Egremont and Richard Percy, Thomas capturing the latter as they attempted to escape. 1666: 702:

were to be sold to the highest bidder and the money given to any charity the executors chose. Of all his holdings only the entailed lands were to go to the heirs.

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in October 1459 along with the rest of his family. He was not released until the exiles had returned in May the following year and defeated a royal army at the

601:, they launched an opening assault on the Nevilles on 24 August 1453. They were returning to Yorkshire with Thomas's new bride after the wedding at Cromwell's 176:, Sir Thomas played an active role in the violent disorder that wracked the north during the 1450s. He also took his father's side in the early years of the 4035:

Buckle, A. (2013). "'Entumbid Right Princely': The Re-interment of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, and a Lost Rite". In Kleineke, H.; Steer, C. (eds.).

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as "quarrelsome, violent and contemptuous of all authority" and by Pollard as "wild and belligerent". With his younger brother Sir Richard Percy and their

610:

first in a series of skirmishes, assaults and numerous destructive episodes "of breaking and entering", which saw Thomas "in the thick of the fighting".

706:

She also argues that husband and wife "expected more and clearly felt justly entitled to more". She suggests that Thomas−following the "assumption that

1662: 645:

In response, he and his brother John began actively seeking out Percy retainers and their property. They inflicted severe damage to the estates of Sir

1558:

through the late 1450s, although York may have been unaware of this. The simplest suggestion was that York acted rashly in the face of poor prospects.

939:

for the next nine months. Their capture endangered Salisbury's strategy: not only did he lose valuable support, but he was forced to linger longer at

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Payling, S. J. (1995). "A disputed mortgage: Ralph, Lord Cromwell, Sir John Gra and the manor of Multon Hall". In Archer, R. E.; Walker, S. (eds.).

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against the Percy family. Historians describe the feud as setting the stage for the Wars of the Roses, the dynastic struggle between the houses of

800:

signed between Salisbury and Warwick and Sir Thomas appointing the latter their lieutenant in the West March. Dated "the xx day of Octobr the

1242: 262:, it appears that it was Thomas who was personally responsible for informing the Duke of the Nevilles' collective disapproval of his plans. 5391:, Series: E 327, p. Retainer by Richard, Earl of Salisbury and Richard, Earl of Warwick, of Thomas Neville. Kew: The National Archives. 792: 1083:

on the 21st of the month. It is possible that a Christmas truce was arranged. In any case, it is known that nine days later, York, his son

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left London in April 1455, and meanwhile, York and Salisbury marched south with a small army; they confronted and defeated the King at the

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couple did not receive a substantial portion of her inheritance until the next year when they gained lands worth around £1,000 yearly and

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has argued that the wardenship was probably "a source of particular profit", at least in times of peace. A few months later, he stood as

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noted in 1863, however, that "Bisham or 'Bustelham', is there misprinted and is erroneously stated to be in the county of Buckingham".

5852: 1580:

raised this army and brought it to York who assumed it was for his use, but which then defected with Neville to the Lancastrian army.

1329: 907:

By 1459 the domestic political situation—tense and partisan despite the king's efforts at reconciliation—had descended into outright

663: 1665:

argues that this was in keeping for the period, which saw "a fashion for the re-internment of relatives among the noble elite", and

583:

has argued that Thomas was his father's "direct representative" in the struggle. Friedrichs has called Thomas "combatative [

6300: 5512: 826: 290: 149: 5396:

Thornton, T. (2024). "The Battle of Blore Heath: Sources, Historiography and Implications for the Outbreak of Conflict, 1459-60".

1503:

Acting as one of the king's personal bodyguard, the Nevilles' enemy Egremont was among one of the Lancastrian dead at Northampton.

5837: 5832: 423: 4830:

Payling, S. J. (1989). "The Ampthill Dispute: A Study in Aristocratic Lawlessness and the Breakdown of Lancastrian Government".

4699:

Lander, J. R. (1986). "Family, 'Friends' and Politics in Fifteenth-Century England". In Griffiths, R. A.; Sherborne, J. (eds.).

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Griffiths, R. A. (1968). "Local Rivalries and National Politics: The Percies, the Nevilles, and the Duke of Exeter, 1452–1455".

5981: 5951: 5847: 5757: 5642: 1547: 1291: 286: 165: 139: 3996:

Booth, P. W. B. (2003). "Men Behaving Badly: The West March Towards Scotland and the Percy-Neville Feud". In Clark, L. (ed.).

5872: 5822: 5817: 5762: 5575: 5483: 5464: 5445: 5426: 5352: 5333: 5314: 5241: 5222: 5203: 5184: 5165: 5129: 5110: 5091: 5072: 5002: 4917: 4898: 4879: 4860: 4765: 4746: 4727: 4708: 4689: 4583: 4564: 4524: 4480: 4461: 4442: 4402: 4383: 4364: 4345: 4326: 4307: 4208: 4189: 4149: 4063: 4044: 4005: 3986: 3967: 3948: 3929: 3910: 1161: 589:] and landless", while the historian Simon Payling believes him to have been "vigorous and youthful". Thomas's opponent 6011: 6006: 5961: 5777: 5772: 5362:

Sutton, A. F. (2018). "The Lands of Richard of Gloucester in the Counties of Lincolnshire and Nottinghamshire, 1471–1483".

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was attacked. Yet another possibility is that York was betrayed. He had despatched writs of array, and it is possible that

1246: 707: 366:

with his father and John. His first independent mention in government records came in 1448 when he was made steward of the

5307:

Letters and Papers Illustrative of the Wars of the English in France: During the Reign of Henry the Sixth, King of England

919:, Thomas and John marched with him in a 5,000-strong army. On 23 September 1459, they encountered a larger royal force at 6066: 5971: 5887: 5877: 884: 5232:

Saul, N. (2013). "Fotheringhay Church, Northamptonshire: Architecture and Fittings". In Kleineke, H.; Steer, C. (eds.).

5156:

Rushton, C. J. (2010). "The King's Stupor: Dealing with Royal Paralysis in Late Medieval England". In Turner, W. (ed.).

5897: 5802: 4277:

Friedrichs, R. L. (2000). "Rich Old Ladies Made Poor: The Vulnerability of Women's Property in Late Medieval England".

1263: 427: 1701:—presents the arms in their traditional colours, and, Wagner notes, no other similar usage by anyone else is known of. 698:

Instead of vestments to a few churches and alms to poor tenants, Cromwell commanded that all his lands which were not

6021: 5976: 5862: 5857: 5807: 5797: 4075:

The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom: Extant, Extinct, or Dormant

1674: 1096: 971: 857: 451: 298: 204: 1697:

from the main branch of the Neville family. On the other hand, a later edition of the Roll—from around the reign of

458:

and seized it by force. Exeter also engineered the dismissal of Cromwell from the royal council with accusations of

6285: 5966: 5946: 5787: 1143: 895:—of which the latter was now captain—as part of a diplomatic delegation to address infringements of the truce with 602: 294: 181: 6232: 5792: 5600: 1424: 352: 20: 5309:. Cambridge Library Rolls Collection (repr. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 743–794. 1221:

has described the occasion as a "dramatic act of family piety", involving flourishes such as the presentment of

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Owen, C. A. (1988). "Pre-1450 Manuscripts of the 'Canterbury Tales': Relationships and Significance: Part II".

1419:

There was a general orgy of plunder and pillage on Cromwell's death, not the least by his own servants, who in

924: 403: 6166: 6086: 5991: 5917: 5782: 5287:

A Collection of Ordinances and Regulations for the Government of the Royal Household, Made in Divers Reigns,

1172: 842: 570:; the two main families were the Nevilles and Percys. Although the families had cooperated in defence of the 5528:

Wilcock, R. (2004). "Local Disorder in the Honour of Knaresborough, c. 1438–1461 and The National Context".

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McNab, B. (1976). "Obligations of the Church in English Society: Military Arrays of the Clergy, 1369–1418".

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suggests that seeing how closely the brothers cooperated as adults, they were probably close as children.

6071: 5996: 967: 590: 255: 974:, he was soon appointed to several important offices. On 22 August, he joined his father as Keeper of the 6207: 6126: 5867: 5812: 5767: 1577: 1255: 1052: 765: 483: 302: 1589:

Not all their men were killed; at least one retainer of Thomas', John Barowe, was captured and held for

219:

for the English throne, and Thomas played a large role in the Neville family's alliance with his uncle,

6254: 6091: 5827: 5593: 654: 475: 6156: 6061: 6041: 5842: 5048:

Paston Letters: Original Letters, Written During the Reigns of Henry VI., Edward IV., and Richard III

869: 551: 333: 220: 4077:. Vol. III: Canonteign–Cutts (14 volumes 1910–1959: 2nd ed.). London: St Catherine Press. 6305: 6217: 6161: 6131: 5659: 1470:, Thomas could not have afforded the necessarily large garrison for any substantial length of time. 1250: 1048: 732:

in December 1457, and Thomas was still holding 35 manors—taken "by strong hand"—in September 1459.

348: 5438:

Medieval Pageant: Writhe's Garter Book: the Ceremony of the Bath and the Earldom of Salisbury Roll

829:. For this, he received a salary of 500 marks or £333 6s 8d, to be collected from the revenues of 6290: 6111: 6001: 1623: 1214: 1084: 756: 371: 1363:

The minimum annual income expected of an earl at this time was £666 13s 4d, equivalent to 1,000

1354:

To put this figure in context, Salisbury's annual income has been estimated at £3,000 per annum.

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as every other member of the nobility. According to P. A. Johnson, both Edward of March and the

6212: 6151: 6136: 6056: 5907: 5697: 5384: 5345:

Medieval Carlisle: The City and the Borders from the Late Eleventh to the Mid-sixteenth Century

4235:

Friedrichs, R. L. (1988). "Ralph Lord Cromwell and the Politics of Fifteenth-century England".

563: 541: 344: 200: 57: 1315:

of 1066, and became the version commonly used in official records; Maud remained the medieval

6171: 6096: 6051: 5727: 5671: 5627: 1450: 920: 735: 571: 521: 394:

of Warwick's on 12 March 1451. Warwick also appointed him to assist in the management of his

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North-eastern England During the Wars of the Roses: Lay Society, War, and Politics 1450–1500

4184:. The Fifteenth Century. Vol. XVIII. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 65–80. 1171:. In early February, he inflicted a heavy defeat on the royalists under Jasper Tudor at the 6280: 6275: 6202: 6146: 5707: 5031:

Calendar of State Papers and Manuscripts, Existing in the Archives and Collections of Milan

4000:. The Fifteenth Century. Vol. III. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 95–116. 1481: 1267: 963: 815: 363: 251: 243: 4874:. The Fifteenth Century. Vol. XIII. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 1–30. 524:. These had been granted to Cromwell in 1440 but the Percys still hoped to reclaim then. 8: 6081: 5752: 5667: 1407: 1231: 1183: 1092: 1073: 932: 845:'s good behaviour (who Hicks speculates may have been involved in piracy at this time). 598: 532: 415: 367: 318: 266: 259: 1626:

describes Towton as "Britain's bloodiest day in a long history of sanguinary conflict",

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He continued this policy with the marriage he arranged for his other nice Joan, who wed

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that they would "do no hurt" to Thomas. In May 1458, he accompanied John and Warwick to

797: 5932: 5722: 5701: 5691: 5681: 5632: 4073:

Cokayne, G. E. (1913). Gibb, V.; Doubleday, H. A.; White, G. H.; de Walden, H. (eds.).

1619: 1606: 1555: 1385: 1258:. An unhappy marriage, it brought Clifton into conflict with powerful Yorkists such as 1108: 1056: 567: 508: 443: 395: 360: 326: 212: 87: 1648:, who, being sick, had remained in York when the Yorkists arrived. He was beheaded in 6121: 6106: 6076: 5747: 5616: 5571: 5554: 5537: 5479: 5460: 5441: 5422: 5405: 5371: 5348: 5329: 5310: 5293: 5273: 5256: 5237: 5218: 5199: 5180: 5161: 5144: 5125: 5106: 5087: 5068: 5051: 5034: 5017: 4998: 4913: 4894: 4875: 4856: 4839: 4818: 4797: 4780: 4761: 4742: 4723: 4704: 4685: 4602: 4579: 4560: 4543: 4520: 4476: 4457: 4438: 4421: 4398: 4379: 4360: 4341: 4322: 4303: 4286: 4265: 4244: 4223: 4204: 4185: 4168: 4145: 4128: 4078: 4059: 4040: 4023: 4001: 3982: 3963: 3944: 3925: 3906: 3889: 1259: 1139: 1112: 1104: 954:

less than three weeks after Blore Heath. Following the rout, York went into exile in

804:

of kyng Henry sext sith the conquest of England xxxvi" (20 October 1459), it opens,

787: 770: 618: 555: 177: 5122:

The Foremost Man of the Kingdom: John de Vere, Thirteenth Earl of Oxford (1442–1513)

3901:

Askins, W. (2000). "The Brothers d'Orléans and their Keepers". In Arn, M.-J. (ed.).

1136:

A collection of ordinances and regulations for the government of the Royal household

422:

The king licensed Thomas Neville on 1 May 1453 to marry Maud Stanhope, the widow of

6141: 6116: 6101: 6016: 5504: 5347:. Carlisle: Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society. 4973: 4940: 4660: 4627: 4103: 1381: 1201: 1176: 1100: 991: 912: 887:

was instructed to arrest around 30 men in Nottinghamshire until they could provide

764:

on others worth £200 at purchase. The bulk of her inheritance comprised Cromwell's

761: 646: 547: 492: 435: 322: 309:, and, as one of the most important politicians in the kingdom, earned himself the 192: 173: 115: 5520: 4985: 4952: 4672: 4639: 4115: 1091:

in strength to attack a Lancastrian army gathered near the castle. Details of the

250:. On their return the following year, he was released when Warwick and the future 5882: 4720:

Bastard Feudalism, English Society and the Law: The Statutes of Livery, 1390–1520

1649: 1631: 1630:

as "the largest, longest fought, and bloodiest day in English medieval history",

1627: 1420: 1377: 1364: 1312: 1209: 1194: 865: 849: 834: 725: 681: 306: 258:. When the Duke of York also returned from his exile and claimed the throne from 4889:

Payne, A. (1987). "The Salisbury Roll of Arms, c. 1463". In Williams, D. (ed.).

6227: 6222: 6197: 6046: 5733: 5508: 4977: 4944: 4664: 4631: 4107: 1690: 1568: 1238: 1190: 951: 940: 936: 876: 861: 830: 739: 517: 297:

in 1428, and certainly before 1432, by when his parents had had two more sons,

231: 196: 5055: 4962: 4929: 4801: 4784: 4758:

The Medieval Gentry: Power, Leadership and Choice during the Wars of the Roses

4649: 4616: 4606: 4092: 4082: 4027: 230:

in September 1459, where he was captured with his younger brother John by the

164:

1429 – 1460) was a medieval English politician and soldier. The second son of

6269: 6187: 5927: 5541: 5409: 5260: 5236:. Harlaxton Medieval Studies XXIII. Donington: Shaun Tyas. pp. 367–379. 5021: 4891:

England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1986 Harlaxton Symposium

4853:

Rulers and Ruled in Late Medieval England: Essays Presented to Gerald Harriss

4843: 4739:

Order and Innovation in the Middle Ages: Essays in Honor of Joseph R. Strayer

4547: 4425: 4227: 4039:. Harlaxton Medieval Studies XXIII. Donington: Shaun Tyas. pp. 399–415. 3893: 1532: 1205: 1168: 1080: 1061: 1039: 1024: 650: 622: 606: 580: 378:

20 per annum from diocesan revenues. His father appointed him his Steward of

340: 216: 5375: 5297: 4930:"Neville, Ralph, second Earl of Westmorland (b. in or before 1407, d. 1484)" 4822: 4269: 4248: 4172: 47: 5941: 5902: 5277: 5148: 5038: 4995:

Warwick the Kingmaker: Politics, Power and Fame During the War of the Roses

4593:

Hicks, M. A. (2000). "Propaganda and the First Battle of St Albans, 1455".

4290: 3880:

Armstrong, C. A. J. (1960). "Politics and the Battle of St. Albans, 1455".

1551: 1437: 1227: 1152: 995: 928: 814:

Government offices kept coming Thomas's way, and in 1457, he was appointed

752: 594: 559: 439: 407: 98: 79: 53: 5305:

Stevenson, J, ed. (2012) . "Wilhelmi Wyrcester Annales Rerum Anglicarum".

4701:

Kings and Nobles in the Later Middle Ages: A Tribute to Charles Derek Ross

4132: 742:, where Thomas Neville was imprisoned between September 1459 and July 1460 471: 5558: 1698: 1603: 1463: 1042:, where Thomas Neville spent the last few weeks of his life, seen in 2008 1020: 801: 716: 659: 513: 479: 467: 4256:

Friedrichs, R. L. (1990). "The Two Last Wills of Ralph, Lord Cromwell".

1406:

The bulk of his estate was redirected towards funding his foundation of

1186:

has called "probably the largest and bloodiest battle on English soil".

1014:, and 6s 5d each for the tercel of a goshawk, saker, laners and laneret. 246:. Being imprisoned, he did not share Salisbury's and Warwick's exile in 5912: 5738: 5711: 5637: 1316: 1308: 1271: 1218: 999: 975: 729: 684:

each and limited manors. Cromwell died on 4 January 1457, "richer than

501: 447: 203:, which broke out in 1453 and lasted two years, Thomas and his brother 4557:

False, Fleeting, Perjur'd Clarence: George, Duke of Clarence 1449–1478

4300:

The Wars of the Roses: Peace and Conflict in Fifteenth-Century England

3483: 946:

Due to his imprisonment, he was not present when the Yorkist army was

5677: 4872:

Exploring the Evidence: Commemoration, Administration and the Economy

4127:. Early English Text Society. Vol. II. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1222: 1107:. Contemporaries report that Thomas died in battle. He was, says the 979: 959: 908: 853: 819: 497: 387: 379: 330: 314: 270: 235: 208: 185: 102: 83: 5585: 1034: 5687: 4220:

Selections from the Paston Letters: As Transcribed by Sir John Fenn

1687: 1669:

has pointed to similarities with the equally elaborate funerals of

1573: 1028: 1007: 1003: 896: 888: 823: 747: 721: 699: 690: 455: 426:

and a wealthy heiress. She was also the niece and joint-heiress of

411: 310: 2563: 2561: 1635:

Towton has many claims to be that singular event on English soil".

293:(c. 1406–1462). He was probably born soon after his elder brother 5570:. Yale Monarchs (repr. ed.). London: Yale University Press. 2980: 1892: 1694: 1157: 1011: 774: 711: 685: 487: 459: 399: 391: 383: 356: 239: 169: 110: 2638: 2636: 958:, while Thomas's father, brother Warwick and York's eldest son, 4182:

Rulers, Regions and Retinues: Essays Presented to A. J. Pollard

3435: 3336: 3046: 2558: 2483: 2481: 2479: 1590: 1467: 1180: 1088: 1087:, Salisbury, Thomas, and many of their closest retainers led a 987: 955: 916: 892: 838: 247: 226:

Thomas took part in his father's battles, being present at the

2080: 1743: 879:

three years later, Salisbury entered into a bond for Thomas's

450:, while three years later ("another and more powerful enemy") 4775:

Nichols, J. G., ed. (1847). "The Rebellion in Lincolnshire".

2633: 2493: 2167: 689:

already made a will in 1451, which was mostly concerned with

339:

In 1439, Maud, Countess of Cambridge, reported Thomas to the

325:; George, the youngest, had a career in the Church, becoming 52:

Thomas Neville as depicted in the contemporaneous 'Salisbury

5234:

The Yorkist Age: Proceedings of the 2011 Harlaxton Symposium

5177:

The Red Rose and the White: The Wars of the Roses, 1453–1487

4201:

The Contemporary English Chronicles of the Wars of the Roses

4037:

The Yorkist Age: Proceedings of the 2011 Harlaxton Symposium

3401: 3399: 3186: 3184: 3106: 2843: 2548: 2546: 2544: 2476: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1960: 1851: 1755: 1484:, had suffered extreme bouts of insanity in his later years. 4741:. Princeton: Princeton University Press. pp. 293–314. 4534:

Head, C. (1970). "Pope Pius II and the Wars of the Roses".

3845: 3423: 3372: 3225: 3022: 2903: 2785: 2783: 2770: 2768: 2743: 2741: 2692: 2690: 2597: 2585: 2143: 1981: 1979: 1870: 1868: 1866: 1522: 1512:

Hicks has called it "decidedly a Neville-dominated regime".

1103:. Salisbury escaped but was captured and later executed at 947: 880: 550:

were one of four major landowners in the north, along with

274: 207:

launched a series of raids, ambushes and skirmishes across

5285:

Society of Antiquaries (1790). "The Burying of an Earle".

4792:

Nichols, J. G. (1863). "Cote Armour, Surcoat and Tabard".

3977:

Boffey, J.; Edwards, A. S. G. (2006). Saunders, C. (ed.).

3833: 3809: 3729: 3591: 3070: 2807: 2795: 2003: 1778: 1776: 1774: 1772: 1770: 375: 4684:. Oxford Historical Monographs. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 4357:

Fatal Colours: Towton, 1461: England's Most Brutal Battle

4058:(repr. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 3579: 3567: 3531: 3471: 3459: 3396: 3312: 3278: 3276: 3181: 2997: 2995: 2891: 2867: 2855: 2726: 2648: 2541: 2529: 2517: 2505: 2434: 2374: 2290: 2116: 2092: 2027: 1957: 1788: 1644:

And replaced by Lancastrian heads, including that of the

1328:

By 1452, apart from the King, only the Dukes of York and

1295: 585: 34: 4796:. Vol. 1. London: J. B. Nichols. pp. 225–258. 4319:

Death, Burial and the Individual in Early Modern England

3787: 3785: 3783: 3687: 3675: 3627: 3159: 3157: 3012: 3010: 2879: 2780: 2765: 2738: 2687: 2362: 2302: 2278: 2215: 2191: 1991: 1976: 1923: 1921: 1919: 1880: 1863: 1525:

commissioning the King's lords (York was legally acting

1200:

Thomas Neville's "bod and bones" were reinterred in the

1111:, "without mercy or respect, relentlessly slain", while 280: 4963:"Neville, Richard, fifth Earl of Salisbury (1400–1460)" 3758: 3756: 3741: 3719: 3717: 3704: 3702: 3519: 3324: 3249: 3213: 3169: 2951: 2915: 2665: 2663: 2466: 2464: 2451: 2449: 2266: 2133: 2131: 2046: 2044: 2042: 1767: 5284: 4779:. Vol. I. London: Camden Society. pp. 2–28. 3857: 3821: 3797: 3663: 3615: 3603: 3489: 3273: 3130: 3094: 2992: 2970: 2968: 2966: 2714: 2422: 2410: 2256: 2254: 2239: 2227: 2203: 2015: 1945: 1841: 1839: 883:

on 23 March 1458. Conversely, a few months later, the

4489: 3780: 3768: 3651: 3639: 3543: 3411: 3384: 3360: 3348: 3288: 3261: 3237: 3203: 3201: 3199: 3154: 3118: 3082: 3058: 3034: 3007: 2939: 2927: 2831: 2621: 2398: 2386: 2350: 2338: 2326: 2155: 1933: 1916: 1898: 1721: 1719: 1717: 1290:

Maud's petition to the council exists and is held at

970:

that June. Released into the temporary protection of

962:, took refuge in Calais. Thomas was attainted in the 5292:. London: Society of Antiquaries. pp. 131–133. 4056:

A Handbook of Dates: For Students of English History

4017:

The Female Audience of the Manuscripts of Chaucer’s

3905:. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 27–46. 3753: 3714: 3699: 3555: 3507: 3447: 2753: 2702: 2675: 2660: 2609: 2573: 2461: 2446: 2314: 2179: 2128: 2068: 2039: 1526: 630: 16:

Second son of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury

5215:

For Honour and Fame: Chivalry in England, 1066–1500

3300: 3142: 2963: 2819: 2251: 2104: 2056: 1904: 1836: 1824: 1800: 434:... proved to be a very different story". In 1449, 5389:Court of Augmentations and the Augmentation Office 4961: 4928: 4648: 4615: 4125:Paston Letters and Papers of the Fifteenth-Century 4091: 3495: 3196: 1812: 1714: 911:. When Salisbury marched south from his castle at 180:. Thomas was a younger brother of the more famous 5495:"Richard of York, Third Duke of York (1411–1460)" 1031:, where he began to establish his own authority. 915:in September to join up with the Duke of York at 6267: 5328:(rev. 2nd ed.). Stroud: Sutton Publishing. 4650:"Neville, John, Marquess Montagu (c. 1431–1471)" 4321:(repr. ed.). London: Taylor & Francis. 3882:Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 1731: 923:, which Salisbury defeated, killing its leader, 390:the same year, in which capacity he witnessed a 4893:. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 187–198. 4473:From Wakefield to Towton: The Wars of the Roses 4198: 4159:Dockray, K. (1992). "The Battle of Wakefield". 3052: 566:. York and the King, however, were effectively 5016:(1st ed.). London: HM Stationery Office. 4703:. London: St. Martin's Press. pp. 27–40. 4490:Hanks, P.; Hardcastle, K.; Hodges, F. (2006). 355:. Maud complained that they and their men had 5601: 5033:. Vol. I. London: HM Stationery Office. 3976: 2149: 1332:, and the Neville earls were richer than him. 527: 5503:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 5086:. Berkeley: University of California Press. 4972:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 4939:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 4659:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 4626:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 4397:. Berkeley: University of California Press. 4340:(2nd ed.). New York: Barnes and Noble. 4142:William Waynflete, Bishop and Educationalist 4102:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 1006:for a falcon, 10s for a tercel gentle, 13s 1 5196:Towton: The Battle of Palmsunday Field 1461 4435:Military Campaigns of the Wars of the Roses 4199:Embree, D.; Tavormina, M. T., eds. (2019). 4093:"Kemp [Kempe], John (1380/81–1454)" 3943:(repr. ed.). Gloucester: Alan Sutton. 1572:York was running short of provisions and a 1217:, who conducted the service. The historian 720:, Bourchier, illegally expelled Cromwell's 234:. As a result, he was imprisoned and later 19:For other people named Thomas Neville, see 5608: 5594: 5551:The Later Middle Ages in England 1216–1485 5045: 4297: 4276: 4255: 4234: 4022:(D.Phil thesis). University of Leicester. 3839: 3076: 2654: 2642: 2591: 2567: 2552: 2535: 2523: 2511: 2499: 2440: 2296: 2098: 2086: 2033: 1997: 1985: 1970: 1874: 1384:Sloane 1685. Chaucer was Thomas Neville's 1241:, attempting to establish the reasons for 402:. Alongside the King's two half-brothers, 46: 5548: 5478:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 5421:. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 5342: 5304: 5067:(1st ed.). London: Allen and Unwin. 5062: 4498:. Oxford University Press. Archived from 4411: 4392: 3879: 3477: 3342: 3190: 2897: 2885: 2873: 2861: 2789: 2774: 2747: 2696: 2368: 2308: 2284: 2221: 2197: 2173: 1886: 1857: 1782: 1761: 1749: 536:The site of the Battle of Stamford Bridge 438:violently assaulted Cromwell outside the 238:along with his father, brothers, and the 5395: 5382: 5255:. Vol. I. London: Longmans, Green. 5250: 5141:Bosworth Field and the Wars of the Roses 5103:The Wars of the Roses: A Concise History 4959: 4926: 4717: 4316: 4222:(repr. ed.). London: G. G. Harrap. 4218:Fenn, J.; Ball, A. H. R., eds. (1949) . 4217: 3957: 3938: 3735: 3693: 3633: 3585: 3354: 2986: 2849: 2669: 2603: 2272: 2050: 1618:This view is supported by several other 1311:Matilda was brought to England with the 1033: 978:, responsible for the royal aviary. His 791: 734: 531: 291:Alice Montagu, 5th Countess of Salisbury 150:Alice Montagu, 5th Countess of Salisbury 5838:Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland 5833:Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland 5527: 5500:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 5253:The Life and Reign of Edward the Fourth 5155: 4992: 4969:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 4936:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 4907: 4869: 4855:. London: Hambledon. pp. 117–136. 4850: 4829: 4791: 4774: 4679: 4656:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 4623:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 4514: 4376:Towton 1461: England's Bloodiest Battle 4373: 4354: 4335: 4179: 4158: 4099:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 4072: 3919: 3863: 3851: 3827: 3747: 3621: 3597: 3549: 3537: 3525: 3465: 3429: 3405: 3330: 3282: 3255: 3231: 3219: 3175: 3112: 3100: 3028: 3001: 2957: 2801: 2720: 2627: 2487: 2428: 2416: 2344: 2332: 2320: 2245: 2233: 2209: 2185: 2074: 2021: 2009: 1951: 1939: 1794: 1298:, classified under reference E28/63/31. 710:"—deliberately filed the 1451 will for 6268: 5758:Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales 5565: 5454: 5435: 5416: 5361: 5323: 5267: 5198:. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military. 5193: 5174: 4755: 4698: 4646: 4089: 4053: 4034: 4014: 3981:. Oxford: John Wiley. pp. 34–50. 3900: 3815: 3803: 3791: 3669: 3561: 3441: 3366: 3294: 3136: 3064: 3040: 2974: 2825: 2813: 2732: 2579: 2455: 2404: 2392: 2380: 2356: 2161: 2137: 2122: 1927: 1462:Summerson notes, however, that with a 1249:in their rebellion against Edward IV, 1067: 1027:at the same time, particularly in the 166:Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury 140:Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury 128: 5853:Humphrey Stafford, Duke of Buckingham 5828:Thomas Neville, Bastard of Fauconberg 5768:Edmund Beaufort, 4th Duke of Somerset 5763:Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset 5753:Elizabeth Woodville, Queen of England 5615: 5589: 5492: 5476:Henry VI and the Politics of Kingship 5473: 5138: 4888: 4736: 4613: 4592: 4573: 4554: 4517:Shaping the Nation: England 1360–1461 4470: 4451: 4432: 4139: 4122: 3995: 3774: 3723: 3657: 3645: 3573: 3453: 3417: 3390: 3378: 3318: 3267: 3243: 3207: 3163: 3124: 3088: 3016: 2945: 2933: 2909: 2837: 2759: 2708: 2681: 2615: 2470: 2260: 2062: 1910: 1845: 1830: 1818: 1806: 1737: 1725: 1002:for sale through the realm, paying 20 986:To purvey the king's right prises of 708:possession was nine-tenths of the law 285:Thomas Neville was the second son of 281:Early career, knighthood and marriage 6007:George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence 5231: 5212: 5124:. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. 5119: 5100: 5081: 5065:Nobles and the Noble Life, 1295–1500 4808: 4533: 4144:. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. 3762: 3708: 3681: 3609: 3513: 3306: 2110: 1164:, who had married Warwick's sister. 674: 504:, "T. Nevyll" and "Mawd Wyllwghby". 6002:Edmund Plantagenet, Earl of Rutland 5888:Thomas Clifford, 8th Baron Clifford 5748:Margaret of Anjou, Queen of England 5553:(1st ed.). London: Routledge. 5160:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 147–176. 5143:(1st ed.). London: Macmillan. 5028: 5014:Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1452–1461 5011: 4519:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 4302:. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. 3960:The First Battle of St Albans, 1455 3501: 3148: 2921: 1899:Hanks, Hardcastle & Hodges 2006 998:, sakerets, 'laners', lanerets and 943:than he would otherwise have done. 927:. Thomas and John were captured at 13: 5982:Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury 5952:Thomas FitzGerald, Earl of Desmond 5848:Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham 5158:Madness in Medieval Law and Custom 201:the armed feud between both houses 195:'s growing local rivalry with the 14: 6317: 5957:William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke 5873:George Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury 5818:John Neville, Marquess of Montagu 5326:The End of the House of Lancaster 1237:Many years later, the chronicler 374:. For this, he received wages of 6250: 6249: 6012:Humphrey Stafford, Earl of Devon 5962:William Hastings, Baron Hastings 5947:John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln 5931: 5823:Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick 5778:Henry Beaufort, Duke of Somerset 5773:John Beaumont, Viscount Beaumont 5737: 5726: 5710: 5700: 5690: 5680: 5670: 5459:. Vol. II. Oxford: Osprey. 4578:. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers. 1680: 1671:William Courtenay, Earl of Devon 1655: 1638: 1612: 1596: 1583: 1561: 1539: 1515: 1506: 1497: 1487: 1466:costing 12d a day and 6d for an 1376:Original manuscript held at the 1345:, niece of Richard Duke of York. 1138:, 20th-century transcription by 605:. The Nevilles were ambushed at 603:Tattershall Castle, Lincolnshire 182:Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick 6301:People of the Wars of the Roses 6233:Second Cornish uprising of 1497 5972:Francis Lovell, Viscount Lovell 5878:John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury 5457:British Battlefields: The North 4997:. London: Bloomsbury Academic. 1646:Thomas Courtenay, Earl of Devon 1473: 1456: 1453:, classification TNA E 327/183. 1443: 1430: 1413: 1400: 1391: 1370: 1357: 1348: 1335: 1322: 1301: 1119: 694:provisions of the second will: 669: 398:, for which Thomas received an 21:Thomas Neville (disambiguation) 6193:Issue of Edward III of England 5942:Anne Neville, Queen of England 5903:Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pembroke 5898:Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond 5272:. London: Barnes & Noble. 4682:Duke Richard of York 1411–1460 4536:Archivum Historiae Pontificiae 3979:A Concise Companion to Chaucer 3872: 1427:drove away 1,000 of his sheep. 1284: 877:reconcile his divided nobility 781: 454:disputed Cromwell's rights to 1: 6167:Stafford and Lovell rebellion 5992:William Neville, Earl of Kent 5977:John Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk 5918:Edward Woodville, Lord Scales 5863:George Stanley, Baron Strange 5858:Thomas Stanley, Earl of Derby 5808:Henry Holland, Duke of Exeter 5803:John Courtenay, Earl of Devon 5798:John Clifford, Baron Clifford 5783:John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley 5105:. London: Thames and Hudson. 5046:Ramsay, A.; Fenn, J. (1849). 4722:. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. 4617:"Neville, George (1432–1476)" 4378:. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. 4203:. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. 1708: 452:Henry Holland, Duke of Exeter 161: 77:30 December 1460 (aged c. 31) 6067:Siege of the Tower of London 5967:John Howard, Duke of Norfolk 5788:James Butler, Earl of Ormond 5521:UK public library membership 5343:Summerson, H. R. T. (1993). 4986:UK public library membership 4953:UK public library membership 4673:UK public library membership 4640:UK public library membership 4454:The Battle of Wakefield 1460 4116:UK public library membership 3903:Charles D'Orléans in England 1675:John de Vere, Earl of Oxford 1266:; he was beheaded after the 1177:two forces clashed at Towton 902: 7: 6127:1470 Lincolnshire Rebellion 5813:John Neville, Baron Neville 5793:John Butler, Earl of Ormond 4912:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 4595:Nottingham Medieval Studies 4559:. Gloucester: Alan Sutton. 4496:A Dictionary of First Names 4258:Nottingham Medieval Studies 4237:Nottingham Medieval Studies 3922:The East Midlands from 1000 3490:Society of Antiquaries 1790 3053:Embree & Tavormina 2019 1397:As indeed they did in 1458. 593:was similarly described by 591:Thomas Percy, Lord Egremont 343:for attacking her house in 10: 6322: 5893:James Tuchet, Baron Audley 5440:. London: Roxburghe Club. 4794:The Herald and Genealogist 4395:The Reign of King Henry VI 1548:Ralph, Earl of Westmorland 1173:Battle of Mortimer's Cross 1071: 925:James Tuchet, Baron Audley 785: 769:to arguing over goods and 755:, for example, writing to 655:Topcliffe, North Yorkshire 539: 528:Feud with the Percy family 18: 6243: 6180: 6034: 5926: 5721: 5658: 5651: 5623: 5063:Rosenthal, J. T. (1976). 4832:English Historical Review 4393:Griffiths, R. A. (1981). 4015:Brooks, F. E. P. (2018). 2150:Boffey & Edwards 2006 1550:in favour of Salisbury's 1307:Also called Matilda: The 1142:, first published by the 617: 552:Richard, 3rd Duke of York 289:(1400–1460) and his wife 145: 135: 121: 109: 93: 73: 65: 45: 32: 5419:Chaucer: A European Life 5251:Scofield, C. L. (1923). 4960:Pollard, A. J. (2004a). 4927:Pollard, A. J. (2004b). 4475:. Bradford: Leo Cooper. 3998:Authority and Subversion 3958:Boardman, A. W. (2006). 3939:Boardman, A. W. (1996). 3444:, pp. 143–144 n.33. 2989:, pp. 33, 37, 50–1. 1277: 1215:George, Bishop of Exeter 1162:William, Lord Harrington 1049:Archbishop of Canterbury 843:William, Lord Fauconberg 305:. Richard was to become 6286:Burials at Bisham Abbey 6208:Bonville–Courtenay feud 5217:. London: Bodley Head. 4993:Pollard, A. J. (2007). 4908:Pollard, A. J. (1990). 4680:Johnson, P. A. (1988). 4515:Harriss, G. L. (2005). 4437:. Stroud: Alan Sutton. 4298:Gillingham, J. (1993). 4123:Davis, N., ed. (1971). 3920:Beckett, J. V. (1988). 1245:support of Warwick and 1125:The Burying of an Earle 1085:Edmund, Earl of Rutland 982:recorded his authority 724:from several manors in 649:, a Percy loyalist, in 564:earls of Northumberland 424:Robert, Lord Willoughby 382:in 1450, and he became 168:, a major nobleman and 6157:Buckingham's rebellion 6137:Readeption of Henry VI 5566:Wolffe, B. P. (2001). 5549:Wilkinson, B. (1969). 5509:10.1093/ref:odnb/23503 5324:Storey, R. L. (1999). 5270:The Reign of Edward IV 5268:Simons, E. N. (1966). 5050:. London: H. G. Bohn. 4978:10.1093/ref:odnb/19954 4945:10.1093/ref:odnb/19952 4760:. London: Bloomsbury. 4665:10.1093/ref:odnb/19946 4632:10.1093/ref:odnb/19934 4279:Medieval Prosopography 4108:10.1093/ref:odnb/15328 4090:Davies, R. G. (2004). 4054:Cheney, C. R. (1997). 2592:Ramsay & Fenn 1849 1527: 1521:A writ of array was a 1144:Society of Antiquaries 1132: 1043: 1023:of Duchy of Lancaster 1016: 811: 810: 743: 704: 680:leaving them only 500 642: 631: 537: 58:illuminated manuscript 6296:Younger sons of earls 5843:Thomas Ros, Baron Ros 5628:Red Rose of Lancaster 5179:. London: Routledge. 5139:Rowse, A. L. (1966). 4718:McKelvie, G. (2020). 4614:Hicks, M. A. (2004). 4576:Warwick the Kingmaker 4574:Hicks, M. A. (1998). 4555:Hicks, M. A. (1980). 4471:Haigh, P. A. (2002). 4452:Haigh, P. A. (1996). 4433:Haigh, P. A. (1995). 4338:The Wars of the Roses 4317:Gittings, C. (2023). 3381:, pp. 33, 35–36. 1752:, p. 568 + n.33. 1451:The National Archives 1292:The National Archives 1127: 1037: 984: 968:Battle of Northampton 858:Richard, Duke of York 805: 795: 738: 696: 613: 535: 256:Battle of Northampton 228:Battle of Blore Heath 221:Richard, Duke of York 6218:Neville–Neville feud 6203:Princes in the Tower 5101:Ross, C. D. (1986). 5082:Ross, C. D. (1974). 4374:Gravett, C. (2003). 4355:Goodwin, G. (2011). 4336:Goodman, A. (1996). 3941:The Battle of Towton 3345:, p. 591 + n.9. 2912:, p. 346 n.357. 2816:, pp. 270, 276. 2604:Fenn & Ball 1949 2570:, p. 111 n.100. 2490:, p. 15 + n.65. 2176:, pp. 593, 597. 1482:Charles VI of France 1268:Battle of Tewkesbury 1062:compromise agreement 980:indenture of service 972:Thomas, Lord Stanley 964:Parliament of Devils 798:tripartite indenture 572:border with Scotland 436:Sir William Tailboys 428:Ralph, Lord Cromwell 396:Warwickshire estates 364:Honour of Pontefract 244:Parliament of Devils 5997:Sir Richard Herbert 5455:Warner, P. (1972). 5436:Wagner, A. (1993). 5417:Turner, M. (2020). 5194:Sadler, J. (2011). 5175:Sadler, J. (2010). 4756:Mercer, M. (2010). 4647:Horrox, R. (2004). 3924:. Harlow: Longman. 3854:, pp. 552–553. 3818:, pp. 209–210. 3576:, pp. 98, 170. 3432:, pp. 222–224. 3321:, pp. 294–295. 3234:, pp. 214–215. 3115:, p. 206 n.61. 3031:, pp. 271–272. 2924:, pp. 440–441. 2852:, pp. 553–555. 2804:, pp. 147–148. 2735:, pp. 116–117. 2645:, pp. 111–112. 2606:, pp. 121–124. 2502:, pp. 107–108. 2383:, pp. 148–149. 2125:, pp. 115–116. 2089:, p. 217 n.23. 2012:, pp. 686–689. 1860:, pp. 698–699. 1797:, pp. 251–252. 1764:, p. 599 n.33. 1620:military historians 1425:Thomas, Lord Scales 1408:Tattershall College 1256:Sir Gervase Clifton 1184:Christopher Gravett 1109:Croyland chronicler 1093:Battle of Wakefield 1074:Battle of Wakefield 1068:Battle of Wakefield 933:Tarporley, Cheshire 870:Battle of St Albans 368:Bishopric of Durham 319:Marquess of Montagu 267:Battle of Wakefield 6213:Percy–Neville feud 6092:St Albans (Second) 5987:Sir Thomas Neville 5633:White Rose of York 5493:Watts, J. (2004). 5474:Watts, J. (1996). 4811:The Chaucer Review 4456:. Stroud: Sutton. 4140:Davis, V. (1993). 3962:. Stroud: Tempus. 3684:, p. 224 n.3. 3600:, pp. 1, 188. 1607:John Gough Nichols 1578:John, Lord Neville 1556:House of Lancaster 1449:Currently held at 1388:'s brother-in-law. 1343:Humphrey Bourchier 1264:Humphrey Bourchier 1193:and buried at the 1057:Westminster Palace 1044: 885:Earl of Shrewsbury 812: 802:yere of the Reigne 744: 621:'s description of 568:absentee landlords 542:Percy–Neville feud 538: 509:Ralph A. Griffiths 444:Westminster Palace 372:Robert, the Bishop 327:Archbishop of York 158:Sir Thomas Neville 6263: 6262: 6042:St Albans (First) 6030: 6029: 5908:Margaret Beaufort 5617:Wars of the Roses 5577:978-0-30008-926-4 5519:(Subscription or 5485:978-0-52165-393-0 5466:978-1-85959-477-3 5447:978-0-95011-994-6 5428:978-0-69121-015-5 5354:978-1-87312-418-5 5335:978-0-75092-199-2 5316:978-1-10804-288-8 5243:978-1-90773-022-1 5224:978-1-84792-052-2 5213:Saul, N. (2011). 5205:978-1-84415-965-9 5186:978-1-31790-518-9 5167:978-9-00418-749-8 5131:978-1-78327-005-7 5120:Ross, J. (2011). 5112:978-0-50027-407-1 5093:978-0-41328-680-2 5074:978-0-06495-985-8 5004:978-1-84725-182-4 4984:(Subscription or 4951:(Subscription or 4919:978-0-19820-087-1 4900:978-0-85115-475-6 4881:978-1-84383-944-6 4862:978-1-85285-133-0 4767:978-1-44114-083-8 4748:978-0-69105-231-1 4729:978-1-78327-477-2 4710:978-0-31200-080-6 4691:978-0-19822-946-9 4671:(Subscription or 4638:(Subscription or 4585:978-0-63116-259-9 4566:978-1-87304-113-0 4526:978-0-19921-119-7 4482:978-0-85052-825-1 4463:978-0-75091-342-3 4444:978-0-75090-904-4 4404:978-0-52004-372-5 4385:978-1-84176-513-6 4366:978-0-29786-072-3 4359:. London: Orion. 4347:978-0-88029-484-3 4328:978-1-00099-506-0 4309:978-0-29782-016-1 4210:978-1-78327-364-5 4191:978-1-78327-563-2 4151:978-0-85115-349-0 4114:(Subscription or 4065:978-0-52155-151-9 4046:978-1-90773-0-221 4007:978-1-84383-025-2 3988:978-1-40515-462-8 3969:978-0-75242-983-0 3950:978-0-75091-245-7 3931:978-0-58249-269-1 3912:978-0-85991-580-9 3738:, pp. 36–38. 3612:, pp. 51–55. 3540:, pp. 41–55. 3408:, pp. 69–70. 2594:, pp. 70–71. 1386:great-grandmother 1260:Anthony Woodville 1243:Sir Robert Welles 1232:tincture reversed 1213:Neville brother, 1202:Montagu mausoleum 1140:Joel T. Rosenthal 1113:William Worcester 1105:Pontefract Castle 788:Wars of the Roses 675:Death of Cromwell 641: 640: 619:William Worcester 556:Duke of Lancaster 353:Sir Thomas Lumley 254:together won the 178:Wars of the Roses 155: 154: 6313: 6253: 6252: 6087:Mortimer's Cross 6017:Margaret of York 5935: 5741: 5730: 5714: 5704: 5694: 5684: 5674: 5656: 5655: 5610: 5603: 5596: 5587: 5586: 5581: 5562: 5545: 5530:Northern History 5524: 5516: 5515:on 16 July 2018. 5511:. Archived from 5489: 5470: 5451: 5432: 5413: 5392: 5379: 5358: 5339: 5320: 5301: 5281: 5264: 5247: 5228: 5209: 5190: 5171: 5152: 5135: 5116: 5097: 5078: 5059: 5042: 5025: 5008: 4989: 4981: 4965: 4956: 4948: 4932: 4923: 4904: 4885: 4866: 4847: 4826: 4805: 4788: 4771: 4752: 4733: 4714: 4695: 4676: 4668: 4652: 4643: 4635: 4619: 4610: 4589: 4570: 4551: 4530: 4511: 4509: 4507: 4486: 4467: 4448: 4429: 4408: 4389: 4370: 4351: 4332: 4313: 4294: 4273: 4252: 4231: 4214: 4195: 4176: 4155: 4136: 4119: 4111: 4095: 4086: 4069: 4050: 4031: 4019:Canterbury Tales 4011: 3992: 3973: 3954: 3935: 3916: 3897: 3867: 3861: 3855: 3849: 3843: 3837: 3831: 3825: 3819: 3813: 3807: 3801: 3795: 3789: 3778: 3772: 3766: 3760: 3751: 3745: 3739: 3733: 3727: 3721: 3712: 3706: 3697: 3691: 3685: 3679: 3673: 3667: 3661: 3655: 3649: 3643: 3637: 3631: 3625: 3619: 3613: 3607: 3601: 3595: 3589: 3583: 3577: 3571: 3565: 3559: 3553: 3547: 3541: 3535: 3529: 3523: 3517: 3511: 3505: 3499: 3493: 3487: 3481: 3475: 3469: 3468:, p. 252 n. 3463: 3457: 3451: 3445: 3439: 3433: 3427: 3421: 3415: 3409: 3403: 3394: 3388: 3382: 3376: 3370: 3364: 3358: 3352: 3346: 3340: 3334: 3328: 3322: 3316: 3310: 3304: 3298: 3292: 3286: 3280: 3271: 3265: 3259: 3253: 3247: 3241: 3235: 3229: 3223: 3217: 3211: 3205: 3194: 3188: 3179: 3173: 3167: 3161: 3152: 3146: 3140: 3134: 3128: 3122: 3116: 3110: 3104: 3098: 3092: 3086: 3080: 3074: 3068: 3062: 3056: 3050: 3044: 3038: 3032: 3026: 3020: 3014: 3005: 2999: 2990: 2984: 2978: 2972: 2961: 2955: 2949: 2943: 2937: 2931: 2925: 2919: 2913: 2907: 2901: 2895: 2889: 2883: 2877: 2871: 2865: 2859: 2853: 2847: 2841: 2835: 2829: 2823: 2817: 2811: 2805: 2799: 2793: 2787: 2778: 2772: 2763: 2757: 2751: 2745: 2736: 2730: 2724: 2718: 2712: 2706: 2700: 2694: 2685: 2679: 2673: 2667: 2658: 2652: 2646: 2640: 2631: 2625: 2619: 2613: 2607: 2601: 2595: 2589: 2583: 2577: 2571: 2565: 2556: 2550: 2539: 2533: 2527: 2521: 2515: 2509: 2503: 2497: 2491: 2485: 2474: 2468: 2459: 2453: 2444: 2438: 2432: 2426: 2420: 2414: 2408: 2402: 2396: 2390: 2384: 2378: 2372: 2366: 2360: 2354: 2348: 2342: 2336: 2330: 2324: 2318: 2312: 2306: 2300: 2294: 2288: 2282: 2276: 2270: 2264: 2258: 2249: 2243: 2237: 2231: 2225: 2219: 2213: 2207: 2201: 2195: 2189: 2183: 2177: 2171: 2165: 2159: 2153: 2147: 2141: 2135: 2126: 2120: 2114: 2108: 2102: 2096: 2090: 2084: 2078: 2072: 2066: 2060: 2054: 2048: 2037: 2031: 2025: 2019: 2013: 2007: 2001: 1995: 1989: 1983: 1974: 1968: 1955: 1949: 1943: 1937: 1931: 1925: 1914: 1908: 1902: 1896: 1890: 1884: 1878: 1872: 1861: 1855: 1849: 1843: 1834: 1828: 1822: 1816: 1810: 1804: 1798: 1792: 1786: 1780: 1765: 1759: 1753: 1747: 1741: 1735: 1729: 1723: 1702: 1684: 1678: 1663:Alexandra Buckle 1659: 1653: 1642: 1636: 1616: 1610: 1600: 1594: 1587: 1581: 1565: 1559: 1543: 1537: 1530: 1519: 1513: 1510: 1504: 1501: 1495: 1491: 1485: 1477: 1471: 1460: 1454: 1447: 1441: 1434: 1428: 1417: 1411: 1404: 1398: 1395: 1389: 1374: 1368: 1361: 1355: 1352: 1346: 1339: 1333: 1326: 1320: 1305: 1299: 1288: 1195:Dominican Priory 1147: 1101:Wakefield Bridge 1053:Thomas Bourchier 647:William Plumpton 634: 615: 614: 554:, the Crown (as 493:Canterbury Tales 446:in an attempted 433: 321:and defender of 174:north of England 163: 130: 105: 50: 30: 29: 6321: 6320: 6316: 6315: 6314: 6312: 6311: 6310: 6306:English knights 6266: 6265: 6264: 6259: 6239: 6176: 6152:Siege of London 6026: 6022:Richard of York 5930: 5922: 5883:Andrew Trollope 5868:William Stanley 5736: 5732: 5731: 5725: 5717: 5647: 5619: 5614: 5584: 5578: 5518: 5486: 5467: 5448: 5429: 5398:Midland History 5355: 5336: 5317: 5244: 5225: 5206: 5187: 5168: 5132: 5113: 5094: 5075: 5005: 4983: 4950: 4920: 4901: 4882: 4863: 4768: 4749: 4730: 4711: 4692: 4670: 4637: 4586: 4567: 4527: 4505: 4503: 4502:on 5 April 2024 4483: 4464: 4445: 4405: 4386: 4367: 4348: 4329: 4310: 4211: 4192: 4152: 4113: 4066: 4047: 4008: 3989: 3970: 3951: 3932: 3913: 3875: 3870: 3862: 3858: 3850: 3846: 3840:Friedrichs 2000 3838: 3834: 3826: 3822: 3814: 3810: 3802: 3798: 3790: 3781: 3773: 3769: 3761: 3754: 3746: 3742: 3734: 3730: 3722: 3715: 3707: 3700: 3692: 3688: 3680: 3676: 3668: 3664: 3656: 3652: 3644: 3640: 3632: 3628: 3620: 3616: 3608: 3604: 3596: 3592: 3588:, p. xiii. 3584: 3580: 3572: 3568: 3560: 3556: 3548: 3544: 3536: 3532: 3524: 3520: 3512: 3508: 3500: 3496: 3488: 3484: 3476: 3472: 3464: 3460: 3452: 3448: 3440: 3436: 3428: 3424: 3416: 3412: 3404: 3397: 3389: 3385: 3377: 3373: 3365: 3361: 3353: 3349: 3341: 3337: 3329: 3325: 3317: 3313: 3305: 3301: 3293: 3289: 3281: 3274: 3266: 3262: 3254: 3250: 3242: 3238: 3230: 3226: 3218: 3214: 3206: 3197: 3189: 3182: 3174: 3170: 3162: 3155: 3147: 3143: 3135: 3131: 3123: 3119: 3111: 3107: 3099: 3095: 3087: 3083: 3077:Gillingham 1993 3075: 3071: 3063: 3059: 3051: 3047: 3039: 3035: 3027: 3023: 3015: 3008: 3000: 2993: 2985: 2981: 2973: 2964: 2956: 2952: 2944: 2940: 2932: 2928: 2920: 2916: 2908: 2904: 2896: 2892: 2884: 2880: 2872: 2868: 2860: 2856: 2848: 2844: 2836: 2832: 2824: 2820: 2812: 2808: 2800: 2796: 2788: 2781: 2773: 2766: 2758: 2754: 2746: 2739: 2731: 2727: 2719: 2715: 2707: 2703: 2695: 2688: 2680: 2676: 2668: 2661: 2655:Friedrichs 2000 2653: 2649: 2643:Friedrichs 1990 2641: 2634: 2626: 2622: 2614: 2610: 2602: 2598: 2590: 2586: 2578: 2574: 2568:Friedrichs 1990 2566: 2559: 2553:Friedrichs 1990 2551: 2542: 2536:Friedrichs 2000 2534: 2530: 2524:Friedrichs 2000 2522: 2518: 2512:Friedrichs 1990 2510: 2506: 2500:Friedrichs 1990 2498: 2494: 2486: 2477: 2469: 2462: 2454: 2447: 2441:Friedrichs 2000 2439: 2435: 2427: 2423: 2415: 2411: 2403: 2399: 2391: 2387: 2379: 2375: 2367: 2363: 2355: 2351: 2343: 2339: 2331: 2327: 2319: 2315: 2307: 2303: 2297:Friedrichs 1990 2295: 2291: 2283: 2279: 2271: 2267: 2259: 2252: 2244: 2240: 2232: 2228: 2220: 2216: 2208: 2204: 2196: 2192: 2184: 2180: 2172: 2168: 2160: 2156: 2148: 2144: 2136: 2129: 2121: 2117: 2109: 2105: 2099:Friedrichs 2000 2097: 2093: 2087:Friedrichs 2000 2085: 2081: 2073: 2069: 2061: 2057: 2049: 2040: 2034:Friedrichs 1990 2032: 2028: 2020: 2016: 2008: 2004: 1998:Friedrichs 1990 1996: 1992: 1986:Friedrichs 1990 1984: 1977: 1971:Friedrichs 1988 1969: 1958: 1950: 1946: 1938: 1934: 1926: 1917: 1909: 1905: 1897: 1893: 1885: 1881: 1875:Friedrichs 1990 1873: 1864: 1856: 1852: 1844: 1837: 1829: 1825: 1817: 1813: 1805: 1801: 1793: 1789: 1781: 1768: 1760: 1756: 1748: 1744: 1736: 1732: 1724: 1715: 1711: 1706: 1705: 1685: 1681: 1660: 1656: 1643: 1639: 1632:Andrew Boardman 1628:Philip A. Haigh 1617: 1613: 1601: 1597: 1588: 1584: 1566: 1562: 1544: 1540: 1520: 1516: 1511: 1507: 1502: 1498: 1492: 1488: 1478: 1474: 1461: 1457: 1448: 1444: 1435: 1431: 1421:South Wingfield 1418: 1414: 1405: 1401: 1396: 1392: 1378:British Library 1375: 1371: 1362: 1358: 1353: 1349: 1340: 1336: 1327: 1323: 1313:Norman Invasion 1306: 1302: 1289: 1285: 1280: 1223:Baldachin cloth 1210:Buckinghamshire 1151:In a letter to 1149: 1134: 1126: 1122: 1076: 1070: 1038:The remains of 960:Edward of March 905: 866:Royal household 835:Henry Summerson 796:Portion of the 790: 784: 726:Nottinghamshire 677: 672: 664:Stamford Bridge 643: 562:, who were the 544: 530: 431: 317:"; John became 307:Earl of Warwick 287:Richard Neville 283: 273:of the city of 131:–1460, widowed) 126: 97: 78: 61: 41: 38: 37: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6319: 6309: 6308: 6303: 6298: 6293: 6291:Neville family 6288: 6283: 6278: 6261: 6260: 6258: 6257: 6244: 6241: 6240: 6238: 6237: 6236: 6235: 6230: 6228:Battle of Deal 6223:Perkin Warbeck 6220: 6215: 6210: 6205: 6200: 6198:Titulus Regius 6195: 6190: 6184: 6182: 6178: 6177: 6175: 6174: 6169: 6164: 6162:Bosworth Field 6159: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6132:Losecoat Field 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6057:Ludford Bridge 6054: 6049: 6047:Loveday (1458) 6044: 6038: 6036: 6032: 6031: 6028: 6027: 6025: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6009: 6004: 5999: 5994: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5938: 5936: 5924: 5923: 5921: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5900: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5860: 5855: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5835: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5790: 5785: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5744: 5742: 5719: 5718: 5716: 5715: 5705: 5695: 5685: 5675: 5664: 5662: 5653: 5649: 5648: 5646: 5645: 5640: 5635: 5630: 5624: 5621: 5620: 5613: 5612: 5605: 5598: 5590: 5583: 5582: 5576: 5563: 5546: 5525: 5490: 5484: 5471: 5465: 5452: 5446: 5433: 5427: 5414: 5393: 5380: 5359: 5353: 5340: 5334: 5321: 5315: 5302: 5282: 5265: 5248: 5242: 5229: 5223: 5210: 5204: 5191: 5185: 5172: 5166: 5153: 5136: 5130: 5117: 5111: 5098: 5092: 5079: 5073: 5060: 5043: 5026: 5009: 5003: 4990: 4957: 4924: 4918: 4905: 4899: 4886: 4880: 4867: 4861: 4848: 4827: 4806: 4789: 4772: 4766: 4753: 4747: 4734: 4728: 4715: 4709: 4696: 4690: 4677: 4644: 4611: 4590: 4584: 4571: 4565: 4552: 4531: 4525: 4512: 4487: 4481: 4468: 4462: 4449: 4443: 4430: 4409: 4403: 4390: 4384: 4371: 4365: 4352: 4346: 4333: 4327: 4314: 4308: 4295: 4274: 4253: 4232: 4215: 4209: 4196: 4190: 4177: 4156: 4150: 4137: 4120: 4087: 4070: 4064: 4051: 4045: 4032: 4012: 4006: 3993: 3987: 3974: 3968: 3955: 3949: 3936: 3930: 3917: 3911: 3898: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3868: 3856: 3844: 3842:, p. 221. 3832: 3820: 3808: 3806:, p. 120. 3796: 3779: 3777:, p. 189. 3767: 3765:, p. 294. 3752: 3750:, p. 181. 3740: 3728: 3713: 3711:, p. 376. 3698: 3696:, p. 269. 3686: 3674: 3672:, p. 404. 3662: 3660:, p. 228. 3650: 3648:, p. 187. 3638: 3636:, p. 166. 3626: 3614: 3602: 3590: 3578: 3566: 3554: 3542: 3530: 3528:, p. 248. 3518: 3516:, p. 165. 3506: 3494: 3492:, p. 131. 3482: 3480:, p. 116. 3478:Rosenthal 1976 3470: 3458: 3446: 3434: 3422: 3420:, p. 126. 3410: 3395: 3393:, p. 143. 3383: 3371: 3359: 3347: 3343:Griffiths 1968 3335: 3333:, p. 145. 3323: 3311: 3299: 3287: 3272: 3270:, p. 213. 3260: 3258:, p. 215. 3248: 3246:, p. 189. 3236: 3224: 3222:, p. 214. 3212: 3195: 3193:, p. 865. 3191:Griffiths 1981 3180: 3178:, p. 279. 3168: 3166:, p. 184. 3153: 3151:, p. 589. 3141: 3139:, p. 213. 3129: 3127:, p. 183. 3117: 3105: 3093: 3091:, p. 166. 3081: 3079:, p. 105. 3069: 3057: 3055:, p. 212. 3045: 3033: 3021: 3019:, p. 163. 3006: 2991: 2979: 2962: 2960:, p. 269. 2950: 2948:, p. 343. 2938: 2936:, p. 101. 2926: 2914: 2902: 2900:, p. 628. 2898:Griffiths 1968 2890: 2886:Armstrong 1960 2878: 2876:, p. 798. 2874:Griffiths 1981 2866: 2864:, p. 741. 2862:Griffiths 1981 2854: 2842: 2840:, p. 170. 2830: 2818: 2806: 2794: 2792:, p. 715. 2790:Griffiths 1981 2779: 2777:, p. 740. 2775:Griffiths 1981 2764: 2762:, p. 150. 2752: 2750:, p. 407. 2748:Summerson 1993 2737: 2725: 2723:, p. 108. 2713: 2711:, p. 131. 2701: 2699:, p. 443. 2697:Summerson 1993 2686: 2684:, p. 129. 2674: 2659: 2657:, p. 226. 2647: 2632: 2620: 2618:, p. 135. 2608: 2596: 2584: 2572: 2557: 2555:, p. 111. 2540: 2538:, p. 219. 2528: 2526:, p. 218. 2516: 2514:, p. 108. 2504: 2492: 2475: 2473:, p. 139. 2460: 2445: 2443:, p. 220. 2433: 2431:, p. 552. 2421: 2419:, p. 629. 2409: 2407:, p. 149. 2397: 2395:, p. 274. 2385: 2373: 2371:, p. 603. 2369:Griffiths 1968 2361: 2359:, p. 132. 2349: 2337: 2325: 2313: 2311:, p. 770. 2309:Stevenson 2012 2301: 2299:, p. 103. 2289: 2287:, p. 595. 2285:Griffiths 1968 2277: 2275:, p. 169. 2265: 2250: 2248:, p. 255. 2238: 2236:, p. 894. 2226: 2224:, p. 311. 2222:Wilkinson 1969 2214: 2212:, p. 535. 2202: 2200:, p. 626. 2198:Griffiths 1968 2190: 2178: 2174:Griffiths 1968 2166: 2164:, p. 118. 2154: 2142: 2127: 2115: 2113:, p. 102. 2103: 2101:, p. 223. 2091: 2079: 2067: 2055: 2038: 2036:, p. 105. 2026: 2024:, p. 132. 2014: 2002: 1990: 1975: 1973:, p. 224. 1956: 1954:, p. 884. 1944: 1932: 1930:, p. 130. 1915: 1903: 1891: 1889:, p. 597. 1887:Griffiths 1968 1879: 1862: 1858:Griffiths 1981 1850: 1835: 1823: 1811: 1809:, p. 102. 1799: 1787: 1785:, p. 593. 1783:Griffiths 1968 1766: 1762:Griffiths 1981 1754: 1750:Griffiths 1981 1742: 1730: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1703: 1691:Anthony Wagner 1679: 1654: 1637: 1611: 1595: 1582: 1574:foraging party 1569:Jean de Waurin 1560: 1538: 1531:following the 1514: 1505: 1496: 1486: 1472: 1455: 1442: 1429: 1412: 1399: 1390: 1369: 1356: 1347: 1334: 1321: 1300: 1282: 1281: 1279: 1276: 1239:John Warkworth 1191:Micklegate Bar 1124: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1072:Main article: 1069: 1066: 952:Ludford Bridge 941:Market Drayton 937:Chester Castle 904: 901: 881:good behaviour 862:Lord Protector 841:for his uncle 831:Penrith Castle 786:Main article: 783: 780: 740:Chester Castle 676: 673: 671: 668: 639: 638: 635: 627: 626: 612: 540:Main article: 529: 526: 507:The historian 456:Ampthill Manor 370:by his uncle, 282: 279: 197:House of Percy 193:Neville family 153: 152: 147: 143: 142: 137: 133: 132: 123: 119: 118: 113: 107: 106: 95: 91: 90: 75: 71: 70: 67: 63: 62: 51: 43: 42: 40:Thomas Neville 39: 33: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6318: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6282: 6279: 6277: 6274: 6273: 6271: 6256: 6248: 6247: 6242: 6234: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6225: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6188:Act of Accord 6186: 6185: 6183: 6179: 6173: 6170: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6112:Hedgeley Moor 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6039: 6037: 6033: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5929: 5925: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5791: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5735: 5729: 5724: 5720: 5713: 5709: 5706: 5703: 5699: 5696: 5693: 5689: 5686: 5683: 5679: 5676: 5673: 5669: 5666: 5665: 5663: 5661: 5657: 5654: 5650: 5644: 5641: 5639: 5636: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5626: 5625: 5622: 5618: 5611: 5606: 5604: 5599: 5597: 5592: 5591: 5588: 5579: 5573: 5569: 5564: 5560: 5556: 5552: 5547: 5543: 5539: 5535: 5531: 5526: 5522: 5514: 5510: 5506: 5502: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5487: 5481: 5477: 5472: 5468: 5462: 5458: 5453: 5449: 5443: 5439: 5434: 5430: 5424: 5420: 5415: 5411: 5407: 5403: 5399: 5394: 5390: 5386: 5385:TNA E 327/183 5381: 5377: 5373: 5369: 5365: 5364:The Ricardian 5360: 5356: 5350: 5346: 5341: 5337: 5331: 5327: 5322: 5318: 5312: 5308: 5303: 5299: 5295: 5291: 5288: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5271: 5266: 5262: 5258: 5254: 5249: 5245: 5239: 5235: 5230: 5226: 5220: 5216: 5211: 5207: 5201: 5197: 5192: 5188: 5182: 5178: 5173: 5169: 5163: 5159: 5154: 5150: 5146: 5142: 5137: 5133: 5127: 5123: 5118: 5114: 5108: 5104: 5099: 5095: 5089: 5085: 5080: 5076: 5070: 5066: 5061: 5057: 5053: 5049: 5044: 5040: 5036: 5032: 5027: 5023: 5019: 5015: 5010: 5006: 5000: 4996: 4991: 4987: 4979: 4975: 4971: 4970: 4964: 4958: 4954: 4946: 4942: 4938: 4937: 4931: 4925: 4921: 4915: 4911: 4906: 4902: 4896: 4892: 4887: 4883: 4877: 4873: 4868: 4864: 4858: 4854: 4849: 4845: 4841: 4837: 4833: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4790: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4773: 4769: 4763: 4759: 4754: 4750: 4744: 4740: 4735: 4731: 4725: 4721: 4716: 4712: 4706: 4702: 4697: 4693: 4687: 4683: 4678: 4674: 4666: 4662: 4658: 4657: 4651: 4645: 4641: 4633: 4629: 4625: 4624: 4618: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4600: 4596: 4591: 4587: 4581: 4577: 4572: 4568: 4562: 4558: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4541: 4537: 4532: 4528: 4522: 4518: 4513: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4488: 4484: 4478: 4474: 4469: 4465: 4459: 4455: 4450: 4446: 4440: 4436: 4431: 4427: 4423: 4419: 4415: 4410: 4406: 4400: 4396: 4391: 4387: 4381: 4377: 4372: 4368: 4362: 4358: 4353: 4349: 4343: 4339: 4334: 4330: 4324: 4320: 4315: 4311: 4305: 4301: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4284: 4280: 4275: 4271: 4267: 4263: 4259: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4233: 4229: 4225: 4221: 4216: 4212: 4206: 4202: 4197: 4193: 4187: 4183: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4162: 4161:The Ricardian 4157: 4153: 4147: 4143: 4138: 4134: 4130: 4126: 4121: 4117: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4100: 4094: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4071: 4067: 4061: 4057: 4052: 4048: 4042: 4038: 4033: 4029: 4025: 4021: 4018: 4013: 4009: 4003: 3999: 3994: 3990: 3984: 3980: 3975: 3971: 3965: 3961: 3956: 3952: 3946: 3942: 3937: 3933: 3927: 3923: 3918: 3914: 3908: 3904: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3887: 3883: 3878: 3877: 3866:, p. 16. 3865: 3860: 3853: 3848: 3841: 3836: 3830:, p. 20. 3829: 3824: 3817: 3812: 3805: 3800: 3794:, p. 86. 3793: 3788: 3786: 3784: 3776: 3771: 3764: 3759: 3757: 3749: 3744: 3737: 3736:Gittings 2023 3732: 3726:, p. 25. 3725: 3720: 3718: 3710: 3705: 3703: 3695: 3694:Scofield 1923 3690: 3683: 3678: 3671: 3666: 3659: 3654: 3647: 3642: 3635: 3634:Scofield 1923 3630: 3624:, p. 52. 3623: 3618: 3611: 3606: 3599: 3594: 3587: 3586:Boardman 1996 3582: 3575: 3570: 3563: 3558: 3551: 3546: 3539: 3534: 3527: 3522: 3515: 3510: 3504:, p. 44. 3503: 3498: 3491: 3486: 3479: 3474: 3467: 3462: 3456:, p. 54. 3455: 3450: 3443: 3438: 3431: 3426: 3419: 3414: 3407: 3402: 3400: 3392: 3387: 3380: 3375: 3369:, p. 32. 3368: 3363: 3356: 3355:Pollard 2004b 3351: 3344: 3339: 3332: 3327: 3320: 3315: 3309:, p. 30. 3308: 3303: 3297:, p. 50. 3296: 3291: 3285:, p. 10. 3284: 3279: 3277: 3269: 3264: 3257: 3252: 3245: 3240: 3233: 3228: 3221: 3216: 3209: 3204: 3202: 3200: 3192: 3187: 3185: 3177: 3172: 3165: 3160: 3158: 3150: 3145: 3138: 3133: 3126: 3121: 3114: 3109: 3103:, p. 38. 3102: 3097: 3090: 3085: 3078: 3073: 3067:, p. 75. 3066: 3061: 3054: 3049: 3043:, p. 53. 3042: 3037: 3030: 3025: 3018: 3013: 3011: 3004:, p. 27. 3003: 2998: 2996: 2988: 2987:Thornton 2024 2983: 2976: 2971: 2969: 2967: 2959: 2954: 2947: 2942: 2935: 2930: 2923: 2918: 2911: 2906: 2899: 2894: 2888:, p. 46. 2887: 2882: 2875: 2870: 2863: 2858: 2851: 2850:Boardman 2006 2846: 2839: 2834: 2827: 2822: 2815: 2810: 2803: 2798: 2791: 2786: 2784: 2776: 2771: 2769: 2761: 2756: 2749: 2744: 2742: 2734: 2729: 2722: 2717: 2710: 2705: 2698: 2693: 2691: 2683: 2678: 2671: 2670:T. N. A. 2024 2666: 2664: 2656: 2651: 2644: 2639: 2637: 2630:, p. 29. 2629: 2624: 2617: 2612: 2605: 2600: 2593: 2588: 2582:, p. 22. 2581: 2576: 2569: 2564: 2562: 2554: 2549: 2547: 2545: 2537: 2532: 2525: 2520: 2513: 2508: 2501: 2496: 2489: 2484: 2482: 2480: 2472: 2467: 2465: 2458:, p. 74. 2457: 2452: 2450: 2442: 2437: 2430: 2425: 2418: 2413: 2406: 2401: 2394: 2389: 2382: 2377: 2370: 2365: 2358: 2353: 2347:, p. 60. 2346: 2341: 2335:, p. 67. 2334: 2329: 2322: 2317: 2310: 2305: 2298: 2293: 2286: 2281: 2274: 2273:McKelvie 2020 2269: 2263:, p. 87. 2262: 2257: 2255: 2247: 2242: 2235: 2230: 2223: 2218: 2211: 2206: 2199: 2194: 2187: 2182: 2175: 2170: 2163: 2158: 2152:, p. 45. 2151: 2146: 2140:, p. 37. 2139: 2134: 2132: 2124: 2119: 2112: 2107: 2100: 2095: 2088: 2083: 2076: 2071: 2065:, p. 89. 2064: 2059: 2052: 2051:Pollard 2004a 2047: 2045: 2043: 2035: 2030: 2023: 2018: 2011: 2006: 2000:, p. 99. 1999: 1994: 1988:, p. 98. 1987: 1982: 1980: 1972: 1967: 1965: 1963: 1961: 1953: 1948: 1942:, p. 28. 1941: 1936: 1929: 1924: 1922: 1920: 1913:, p. 88. 1912: 1907: 1900: 1895: 1888: 1883: 1877:, p. 97. 1876: 1871: 1869: 1867: 1859: 1854: 1848:, p. 82. 1847: 1842: 1840: 1833:, p. 62. 1832: 1827: 1821:, p. 49. 1820: 1815: 1808: 1803: 1796: 1791: 1784: 1779: 1777: 1775: 1773: 1771: 1763: 1758: 1751: 1746: 1739: 1734: 1728:, p. 24. 1727: 1722: 1720: 1718: 1713: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1689: 1683: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1658: 1652:the next day. 1651: 1647: 1641: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1615: 1608: 1605: 1599: 1592: 1586: 1579: 1575: 1570: 1564: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1542: 1534: 1533:Act of Accord 1529: 1528:in loco regis 1524: 1518: 1509: 1500: 1490: 1483: 1476: 1469: 1465: 1459: 1452: 1446: 1439: 1433: 1426: 1422: 1416: 1409: 1403: 1394: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1373: 1366: 1360: 1351: 1344: 1338: 1331: 1325: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1304: 1297: 1293: 1287: 1283: 1275: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1235: 1233: 1229: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1211: 1207: 1206:Bisham Priory 1203: 1198: 1196: 1192: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1169:Welsh Marches 1165: 1163: 1159: 1154: 1148: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1131: 1117: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1097:Lord Clifford 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1081:Sandal Castle 1075: 1065: 1063: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1041: 1040:Sandal Castle 1036: 1032: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1015: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1001: 997: 993: 989: 983: 981: 977: 973: 969: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 944: 942: 938: 934: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 900: 898: 894: 890: 886: 882: 878: 873: 871: 867: 863: 859: 855: 851: 846: 844: 840: 836: 832: 828: 825: 821: 817: 809: 803: 799: 794: 789: 779: 776: 772: 767: 763: 758: 754: 749: 741: 737: 733: 731: 727: 723: 719: 718: 713: 709: 703: 701: 695: 692: 687: 683: 667: 665: 661: 656: 652: 651:Knaresborough 648: 636: 633: 629: 628: 624: 620: 616: 611: 608: 607:Heworth, York 604: 600: 596: 592: 588: 587: 582: 581:A. J. Pollard 576: 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 543: 534: 525: 523: 519: 515: 510: 505: 503: 499: 495: 494: 489: 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 463: 461: 457: 453: 449: 445: 441: 437: 429: 425: 420: 417: 416:King Henry VI 413: 409: 405: 401: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 365: 362: 358: 354: 351:, along with 350: 346: 342: 341:royal council 337: 335: 334:Michael Hicks 332: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 292: 288: 278: 276: 272: 268: 263: 261: 257: 253: 249: 245: 241: 237: 233: 229: 224: 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 189: 187: 183: 179: 175: 171: 167: 159: 151: 148: 144: 141: 138: 134: 125:Maud Stanhope 124: 120: 117: 114: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 92: 89: 85: 81: 76: 72: 68: 64: 59: 55: 49: 44: 36: 31: 28: 26: 22: 5986: 5567: 5550: 5533: 5529: 5513:the original 5498: 5475: 5456: 5437: 5418: 5401: 5397: 5367: 5363: 5344: 5325: 5306: 5290: 5286: 5269: 5252: 5233: 5214: 5195: 5176: 5157: 5140: 5121: 5102: 5083: 5064: 5047: 5030: 5029:PRO (1912). 5013: 5012:PRO (1910). 4994: 4967: 4934: 4909: 4890: 4871: 4852: 4835: 4831: 4814: 4810: 4793: 4777:Miscelllaney 4776: 4757: 4738: 4719: 4700: 4681: 4654: 4621: 4598: 4594: 4575: 4556: 4539: 4535: 4516: 4504:. 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Thomas Neville (died 1460)

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