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viewed Ferry's possible succession as cause for alarm: "According to his record he is a fanatical inflationist. ... If
President Grant should suddenly be taken away Thomas W. Ferry, of Michigan, would be his successor. The country has reason to shudder at the possibility .... f Mr. Ferry is still an inflationist it would be inexcusable for the Senate to retain him in his present position, when only a single life stands between so dangerous a man and the Presidency of the United States."
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790:, at age 69. He is interred in Grand Haven's Lake Forest Cemetery in the Ferry family plot. His epitaph reads, βI have done what I could to extend our commerce over the world for the security of life and property along our seacoast, upon our great inland seas. T.W.F. The Sailorsβ and Soldiersβ Friend. For 62 years a citizen of Grand Haven, Mich.β
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It was said in the
Chicago Inter-Ocean newspaper that, "A more malignant and unscrupulous campaign has never been conducted against any man, and whether Ferry wins or losses, the effect of this contest will be felt in Michigan for some time to come." The story continues to say, "If Michigan withdraws
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Ferry never married, but was engaged on multiple occasions. Ferry was considered to be one of
Washington's most eligible bachelors. He was described as being wealthy, charismatic, handsome, and powerful. One Philadelphia newspaper called him the "lady-killer" of his day who "never fails to gather a
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Hubbell was not the only one waging war with Ferry. The Grand Rapids Times published a story labeling Ferry as unfit for office. They accused Ferry of drunkenly insulting patrons of a
Washington DC Hotel. There were no first hand accounts that this took place. The Hotel proprietor, staff, and many
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During the "Panic of 1873", economic deflation caused serious problems and Ferry became a face of the
Republican inflationist movement. Congress hoped inflation would stimulate the economy and passed the Ferry Bill (introduced by Senator Ferry), which became known as the "Inflation Bill" in 1874.
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The New York Herald of
November 23, 1875, noted that as President pro tempore, Senator Thomas W. Ferry* of Michigan "would act as President in case the present incumbent of the office should die before the expiration of his term . . . . " In an editorial on the following day, the New York Herald
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Ferry had interests in mining, lumber, and iron businesses. Towards the late 1800s the west
Michigan lumber Industry had dried up. This along with political foes targeting his Ottawa Iron Works business caused Ferry's companies to declare bankruptcy. Along with liquidating business assets, Ferry
908:
Harrison, J. L. (1950). Biographical
Directory of the American Congress, 1774β1949: The Continental Congress, September 5, 1774, to October 21, 1788, and the Congress of the United States from the First to the Eightieth Congress, March 4, 1789, to January 3, 1949, Inclusive (Page 1143). United
735:, created the "Grand Army Journal" newspaper. This libelous publication was almost universally denounced. Its sole purpose was to defame Senator Ferry. Hubbell sought to take his place in the Senate by throwing slanderous headlines in his "Journal" which he mailed out by the thousands.
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Many farmers and workingmen favored the bill, which would have added $ 64 million in greenbacks to circulation, but some
Eastern bankers opposed it because it would have weakened the dollar. The bill passed the Senate and House of Representatives, but was vetoed by
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Michigan biographies, including members of
Congress, elective state officers, justices of the Supreme Court, members of the Michigan Legislature, Board of Regents of the University of Michigan, State Board of Agriculture and State Board of
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666:, walked onto the platform and handed their "Declaration of Rights" to Ferry. As they were being taken off the stage, they threw out copies to the crowd. Anthony also read the Declaration to a large crowd and invited everyone to a
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Ferry was re-elected to the Senate in 1871, and served from March 4, 1871 to March 3, 1883. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1882. Ferry was the first person from Michigan to have served in both houses of the
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had read this publication and, though untrue, it had tarnished Ferry's image. Hubbell was despised by many Michiganders for fabricating lies about Michigan's most powerful politician. Hubbell withdrew from the election.
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Following his political defeat, Ferry travelled in Europe for three years to recover his mental and physical health. When he returned to Grand Haven in 1886 he worked to manage his businesses and repay his debts.
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477:. Before the Civil War he served on the Republican State Central Committee for eight years and was delegate-at-large and one of the vice presidents of the national convention that nominated
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him and sends a new man, the State will thus surrender its standing on committees in Congress, much of its relative influence there; and what Michigan thus loses other States will gain."
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One of Ferry's lasting legacies in the house is the clearing of the floor prior to the start of a session. On March 31, 1869, Ferry moved that the House adopt a rule which required the
662:. President Grant was supposed to attend and lead the ceremony, but instead sent Ferry (as acting vice president) in his place. While Ferry was officiating, five women, headed by
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621:, and remained so until March 3, 1877. The title of "Acting Vice President" is not defined in the Constitution, but was widely used at the time (including by Ferry himself).
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Once an immensely wealthy man, Ferry fell into financial disaster following his political defeat. He spent his final years hidden from the national spotlight. Ferry died in
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In 1862 Ferry became a director of the new Grand Haven Union High School and was superintendent for ten years. He went into the lumbering business with his brother,
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After these personal attacks, Ferry could see his political life coming to an end. He withdrew from the election and advocated for the nomination of close friend
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colleagues on both sides of the aisle disputed the story and claimed Ferry did not drink and had been the perfect guest for the 12 years he had spent there.
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to clear the floor of visitors and non-privileged employees ten minutes before the start of a session. The rule was later changed to fifteen minutes.
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Extracts from the Journal of the United States Senate In All Cases of Impeachment Presented By The United States House of Representatives (1798-1904)
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949:"A House Rule Requiring the House Floor be Cleared Prior to the Start of a Session | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives"
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481:. Upon President Abraham Lincoln's death, he was appointed by the U.S. Senate to a committee that accompanied Lincoln's body to Springfield.
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580:. An override attempt failed 34β30 in the Senate. This is one of the few bills vetoed by a member of the same party as a bills sponsor.
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1291:"Tom Ferry's Forgery The Story of Michigan Leader's Political and Financial Bankruptcy. How He Has Paid off His Old Debts of Honor"
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The 1877 Electoral Commission which Ferry presided over as Acting Vice President. He can be seen in the lower left of this picture.
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Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.
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William Ferry also was the pastor of the Protestant church on the island. Thomas moved in 1834 with his parents to
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of the U.S. Senate, and Ferry is the only U.S. senator from Michigan to hold the position for multiple Congresses (
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On July 4, 1876, the United States celebrated its 100th anniversary with a ceremony in Philadelphia at
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in the general election of November 8, 1870. The Michigan Legislature subsequently elected him to the
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758:. Palmer went on to replace Ferry in the Senate, much to the dismay of Ferry's political rivals.
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died on November 22, 1875. Ferry, being President pro tempore of the Senate, was next in the
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1174:"The "Declaration of Rights of the Women of the United States" (U.S. National Park Service)"
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399:. The community on Mackinac at that time included the military garrison, the main depot of
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1101:"THOMAS WHITE FERRY DEAD.; Once a Senator, Acting Vice President, and a National Figure"
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was elected in a special election on April 4, 1871, to fill his vacancy in the House.
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937:. Congressional serial set. Washington Government Printing Office. 1912. p. 239.
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Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Michigan
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in 1856. On January 26, 1857, Ferry, along with his father, platted the village of
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Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, retrieved February 28, 2021.
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Ziewacz, Lawrence E. "The Eighty-First Ballot: The Senatorial Struggle of 1883."
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spent over $ 1,250,000($ 36,000,000 in 2021 dollars) to pay his personal debts.
643:. Still president pro tempore at that time, he would have temporally become the
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1384:"Image 1 of The Wichita daily eagle (Wichita, Kan.), February 11, 1897"
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Word of this fake publication took its toll on both men. Thousands of
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1409:"Image 1 of The evening times (Washington, D.C.), October 14, 1896"
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Republican Party members of the Michigan House of Representatives
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Ferry's 1882 election saw national attention. Political opponent
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Testifying witnesses of the impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson
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United States Senate Committee on Post Office and Civil Service
1309:"27 Feb 1877, 1 - The San Francisco Examiner at Newspapers.com"
920:
NORTHWEST OTTAWA COUNTY ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HISTORY Volume I People
417:, attended the public schools. He worked as a store clerk in
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Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Michigan
1944:
United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration
1141:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: National Constitution Center
378:
Thomas's birthplace, Old Mission House on Mackinac Island.
43:
1462:
1334:"21 Feb 1878, 1 - Helena Weekly Herald at Newspapers.com"
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Michigan Historical Commission, and S. D Bingham (1924).
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1049:. New York City: Fordham University Press. p. 116.
1046:
From Failing Hands: the Story of Presidential Succession
655:
as the winner of the Electoral College vote on March 2.
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not been certified by March 4, 1877. Congress certified
846:. The Michigan Historical Commission. pp. 453β454.
330:(June 10, 1827 – October 13, 1896), or
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Republican Party United States senators from Michigan
1470:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
1435:
The Political Graveyard, retrieved 28 February 2021.
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1135:"Five little-known men who almost became president"
6524:Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate
2651:Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate
1295:Chicago Herald Spring Lake Michigan Correspondence
1618:President pro tempore of the United States Senate
56:President pro tempore of the United States Senate
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783:harvest of hearts during their proper season."
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1163:(1986), Harper and Row, New York, pp. 132β133
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1531:U.S. House of Representatives
639:created by Congress to resolve the disputed
428:In addition to English, Ferry was fluent in
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1043:Feerick, John D.; Freund, Paul A. (1965).
880:
42:
719:Learn how and when to remove this message
583:While senator, Ferry was chairman of the
147:U.S. House of Representatives
6499:Republican Party Michigan state senators
909:States: U.S. Government Printing Office.
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591:(46th and 47th Congresses), as well as
589:Committee on Post Office and Post Roads
455:Michigan State House of Representatives
382:
14:
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1277:Detroit Dispatch to the New York Times
1132:
1019:"U.S. Senate: Vetoes, 1789 to Present"
503:United States House of Representatives
469:Years between state and federal office
457:from 1850 to 1852 and a member of the
170:March 4, 1865 β March 3, 1871
6489:People from Mackinac Island, Michigan
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1576:March 4, 1871 β March 3, 1883
1537:Michigan's 4th congressional district
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595:during the 44th and 45th Congresses.
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1667:United States senators from Michigan
1572:U.S. senator (Class 2) from Michigan
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406:, and the mission. His father, Rev.
352:United States senators from Michigan
6589:People from Ottawa County, Michigan
6444:Impeachment managers investigation
976:. New York: Penguin Books. p. 779.
868:from the original on March 12, 2023
668:National Woman Suffrage Association
593:President pro tempore of the Senate
448:
443:
344:Vice President of the United States
24:
1433:"Ferry, Thomas White (1827β1896),"
1235:
1090:
1000:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
25:
6605:
6529:People from Grand Haven, Michigan
6519:19th-century American legislators
6145:Efforts to impeach Andrew Johnson
1487:
1197:"Jay Hubbell and Senator Ferry".
1133:Bomboy, Scott (August 11, 2017).
1073:"Biography of Thomas White Ferry"
897:
858:"About the President Pro Tempore"
831:
220:Michigan House of Representatives
6184:
6179:
4039:
4033:
3884:
3873:
3863:
3862:
3787:
2424:
2048:
1794:
1449:Dictionary of American Biography
682:
673:
313:
1465:"Thomas W. Ferry (id: F000095)"
1426:
1401:
1376:
1351:
1326:
1301:
1283:
1275:"Ex-Senator Ferry Home Again".
1268:
1253:
1217:
1204:
1191:
1166:
1153:
1126:
1065:
1036:
1011:
619:line of presidential succession
6341:Witnesses for the prosecution
2434:Civil Service and Retrenchment
1622:March 9, 1875 β March 3, 1879
1542:March 4, 1865 β March 3, 1871
987:
966:
941:
925:
912:
850:
68:March 9, 1875 β March 17, 1879
13:
1:
2575:Post Office and Civil Service
1529:Member of the
1514:U.S. House of Representatives
824:
624:Ferry presided over the 1876
497:in 1866. He was elected as a
115:March 4, 1871 β March 3, 1883
1260:"Senator Thomas W. Palmer".
1245:"Wasting Legislative Time".
485:United States Representative
369:
7:
6584:47th United States Congress
6579:46th United States Congress
6574:43rd United States Congress
6569:42nd United States Congress
6564:41st United States Congress
6559:40th United States Congress
6554:39th United States Congress
6549:45th United States Congress
6544:44th United States Congress
1496:"Ferry, Thomas White"
1264:. March 2, 1883. p. 2.
1249:. March 2, 1883. p. 4.
802:(named after Senator Ferry)
793:
10:
6610:
6388:Witnesses for the defense
2232:Post Office and Post Roads
1442:
918:Ewing, Wallace K. (2017).
806:William Montague Ferry Jr.
641:1876 presidential election
568:and in both houses of the
566:Michigan State Legislature
544:, having been called as a
453:Ferry was a member of the
387:Ferry was born in the old
6437:
6254:
6193:
6177:
6158:
6139:
6057:
6017:
5977:
5947:
5902:
5837:
5722:
5632:
5492:
5377:
5277:
5152:
5037:
4887:
4737:
4597:
4417:
4237:
4052:
4048:
4031:
3996:
3943:
3939:
3796:
3785:
2657:
2574:
2531:
2433:
2422:
2231:
2057:
2046:
1950:
1803:
1792:
1673:
1624:
1615:
1607:
1597:
1569:
1561:
1554:
1544:
1527:
1519:
1512:
525:on January 18, 1871, and
489:He was a delegate to the
321:
309:
295:
285:
268:
245:
240:
236:
225:
217:
206:
198:
186:
174:
163:
143:
131:
119:
108:
96:
84:
72:
61:
54:
50:
41:
34:
6417:William Tecumseh Sherman
2058:Rules and Administration
1463:United States Congress.
635:and the meetings of the
6534:Ottawa County, Michigan
6236:Swing Around the Circle
6203:Articles of impeachment
1482:The Political Graveyard
1457:56 (Fall 1972): 216β32.
1229:St. Joseph Daily Herald
1212:Fitchburg Daily Journal
691:Some of this section's
181:Francis William Kellogg
1502:Encyclopedia Americana
1159:Bacon, Margaret Hope,
892:"Ferry, Thomas White,"
771:
649:Electoral College vote
608:
570:United States Congress
408:William Montague Ferry
379:
3821:Democratic-Republican
1247:The Daily Inter Ocean
1210:"Hubbell and Ferry".
972:Chernow, Ron (2018).
788:Grand Haven, Michigan
769:
630:U.S. Secretary of War
606:
599:Acting Vice President
559:United States Senator
538:the impeachment trial
532:On April 2, 1868, he
459:Michigan State Senate
415:Grand Haven, Michigan
397:Territory of Michigan
377:
356:president pro tempore
350:. He was one of four
279:Grand Haven, Michigan
98:United States Senator
6392:William W. Armstrong
6323:William S. Groesbeck
6309:President's counsel
6214:Tenure of Office Act
5319:Harry W. Musselwhite
1585:Isaac P. Christiancy
1231:. February 15, 1883.
1107:. October 15, 1896.
862:United States Senate
762:Later life and death
637:Electoral Commission
548:by the prosecution.
463:Ferrysburg, Michigan
404:American Fur Company
383:Birth and early life
6539:Burials in Michigan
6454:Profiles in Courage
6412:Frederick W. Seward
6355:William E. Chandler
6328:Thomas A. R. Nelson
6261:Presiding officer:
6231:Command of Army Act
3833:National Republican
3809:Anti-Administration
1413:Library of Congress
1388:Library of Congress
1161:Mothers of Feminism
670:convention nearby.
653:Rutherford B. Hayes
491:Loyalist Convention
475:Edward Payson Ferry
336:U.S. Representative
27:American politician
6402:Richard T. Merrick
6350:Walter A. Burleigh
6318:Benjamin R. Curtis
6276:George S. Boutwell
3803:Pro-Administration
1581:Zachariah Chandler
1578:Served alongside:
1523:Francis W. Kellogg
1297:. August 14, 1887.
1262:The Brooklyn Union
1139:Constitution Daily
1105:The New York Times
994:Smith, Jean Edward
772:
609:
585:Committee on Rules
401:John Jacob Astor's
380:
354:to have served as
328:Thomas White Ferry
263:Michigan Territory
36:Thomas White Ferry
18:Thomas White Ferry
6466:
6465:
6459:Tennessee Johnson
6407:Alexander Randall
6380:James K. Moorhead
6360:James O. Clephane
6313:William M. Evarts
6256:Impeachment trial
6246:Hamilton Ward Sr.
6129:impeachment trial
6091:
6090:
6087:
6086:
4029:
4028:
3899:
3898:
2617:
2616:
2577:(1947–1977)
2534:(1921–1947)
2436:(1873–1921)
2234:(1816–1947)
2190:
2189:
1909:
1908:
1634:
1633:
1625:Succeeded by
1598:Succeeded by
1545:Succeeded by
1225:"Michigan Muddle"
1201:. July 28th 1882.
1006:978-0-684-84927-0
982:978-0-14-311063-7
953:history.house.gov
729:
728:
721:
660:Independence Hall
626:impeachment trial
325:
324:
16:(Redirected from
6601:
6397:Walter Smith Cox
6365:William H. Emory
6291:Thaddeus Stevens
6224:Ulysses S. Grant
6188:
6187:
6183:
6182:
6151:
6118:
6111:
6104:
6095:
6094:
6062:
6022:
5982:
5952:
5907:
5842:
5727:
5637:
5497:
5382:
5282:
5157:
5042:
4892:
4742:
4602:
4422:
4242:
4057:
4050:
4049:
4043:
4042:
4037:
4036:
3941:
3940:
3926:
3919:
3912:
3903:
3902:
3888:
3887:
3877:
3876:
3866:
3865:
3856:
3850:
3844:
3838:
3832:
3826:
3820:
3814:
3808:
3802:
3791:
3775:
3765:
3755:
3745:
3735:
3725:
3715:
3705:
3695:
3685:
3675:
3665:
3655:
3645:
3635:
3625:
3615:
3605:
3595:
3585:
3575:
3565:
3555:
3545:
3535:
3525:
3515:
3505:
3495:
3485:
3475:
3465:
3455:
3445:
3435:
3425:
3417:
3409:
3401:
3393:
3383:
3373:
3363:
3353:
3343:
3333:
3323:
3313:
3303:
3293:
3283:
3273:
3263:
3253:
3243:
3233:
3223:
3213:
3203:
3193:
3183:
3173:
3163:
3153:
3143:
3133:
3123:
3113:
3103:
3093:
3083:
3073:
3063:
3053:
3043:
3033:
3023:
3013:
3003:
2993:
2983:
2973:
2963:
2953:
2943:
2933:
2923:
2913:
2903:
2893:
2883:
2873:
2863:
2853:
2843:
2833:
2823:
2813:
2803:
2793:
2783:
2773:
2763:
2753:
2743:
2733:
2723:
2713:
2703:
2693:
2683:
2673:
2663:
2644:
2637:
2630:
2621:
2620:
2428:
2223:Chairmen of the
2217:
2210:
2203:
2194:
2193:
2052:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1913:
1912:
1798:
1660:
1653:
1646:
1637:
1636:
1628:Allen G. Thurman
1611:Henry B. Anthony
1608:Preceded by
1601:Thomas W. Palmer
1589:Henry P. Baldwin
1562:Preceded by
1548:Wilder D. Foster
1539:
1520:Preceded by
1510:
1509:
1506:
1498:
1474:
1455:Michigan History
1436:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1242:
1233:
1232:
1221:
1215:
1214:. July 22, 1882.
1208:
1202:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1170:
1164:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1097:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1015:
1009:
991:
985:
970:
964:
963:
961:
959:
945:
939:
938:
929:
923:
916:
910:
906:
895:
889:
878:
877:
875:
873:
854:
848:
847:
838:
724:
717:
713:
710:
704:
686:
678:
664:Susan B. Anthony
645:acting president
553:House Doorkeeper
527:Wilder D. Foster
449:State legislator
444:Political career
317:
275:
272:October 13, 1896
255:
253:
241:Personal details
230:
211:
193:Wilder D. Foster
189:
177:
168:
149:
138:Thomas W. Palmer
134:
122:
113:
91:Allen G. Thurman
87:
79:Henry B. Anthony
75:
66:
46:
32:
31:
21:
6609:
6608:
6604:
6603:
6602:
6600:
6599:
6598:
6469:
6468:
6467:
6462:
6433:
6370:Thomas W. Ferry
6345:Foster Blodgett
6301:James F. Wilson
6296:Thomas Williams
6281:Benjamin Butler
6267:House managers
6263:Salmon P. Chase
6250:
6189:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6154:
6147:
6143:
6135:
6122:
6092:
6083:
6053:
6013:
5973:
5943:
5898:
5833:
5718:
5628:
5488:
5373:
5273:
5148:
5033:
4883:
4733:
4593:
4413:
4233:
4044:
4040:
4038:
4034:
4025:
3992:
3935:
3930:
3900:
3895:
3854:
3848:
3842:
3836:
3830:
3824:
3818:
3812:
3806:
3800:
3792:
3783:
3773:
3763:
3753:
3743:
3733:
3723:
3713:
3703:
3693:
3683:
3673:
3663:
3653:
3643:
3633:
3623:
3613:
3603:
3593:
3583:
3573:
3563:
3553:
3543:
3533:
3523:
3513:
3503:
3493:
3483:
3473:
3463:
3453:
3443:
3433:
3423:
3415:
3407:
3399:
3391:
3381:
3371:
3361:
3351:
3341:
3331:
3321:
3311:
3301:
3291:
3281:
3271:
3261:
3251:
3241:
3231:
3221:
3211:
3201:
3191:
3181:
3171:
3161:
3151:
3141:
3131:
3121:
3111:
3101:
3091:
3081:
3071:
3061:
3051:
3041:
3031:
3021:
3011:
3001:
2991:
2981:
2971:
2961:
2951:
2941:
2931:
2921:
2911:
2901:
2891:
2881:
2871:
2861:
2851:
2841:
2831:
2821:
2811:
2801:
2791:
2781:
2771:
2761:
2751:
2741:
2731:
2721:
2711:
2701:
2691:
2681:
2671:
2661:
2653:
2648:
2618:
2613:
2576:
2570:
2533:
2527:
2435:
2429:
2420:
2233:
2227:
2221:
2191:
2186:
2059:
2053:
2044:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1910:
1905:
1799:
1790:
1669:
1664:
1630:
1621:
1613:
1603:
1577:
1575:
1567:
1565:Jacob M. Howard
1550:
1541:
1533:
1525:
1493:
1490:
1478:Thomas W. Ferry
1445:
1440:
1439:
1431:
1427:
1417:
1415:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1392:
1390:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1367:
1365:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1342:
1340:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1317:
1315:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1279:. June 1, 1886.
1274:
1273:
1269:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1244:
1243:
1236:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1209:
1205:
1196:
1192:
1182:
1180:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1158:
1154:
1144:
1142:
1131:
1127:
1117:
1115:
1099:
1098:
1091:
1081:
1079:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1041:
1037:
1027:
1025:
1017:
1016:
1012:
992:
988:
971:
967:
957:
955:
947:
946:
942:
931:
930:
926:
917:
913:
907:
898:
890:
881:
871:
869:
856:
855:
851:
839:
832:
827:
818:Edward P. Ferry
796:
764:
725:
714:
708:
705:
702:
687:
676:
633:William Belknap
601:
578:President Grant
561:
515:41st Congresses
487:
479:Abraham Lincoln
471:
451:
446:
419:Elgin, Illinois
393:Mackinac Island
385:
372:
286:Political party
277:
273:
259:Mackinac Island
257:
251:
249:
231:
226:
212:
207:
201:Michigan Senate
187:
175:
169:
164:
150:
145:
132:
126:Jacob M. Howard
120:
114:
109:
100:
85:
73:
67:
62:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6607:
6597:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6464:
6463:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6439:
6435:
6434:
6432:
6431:
6430:
6429:
6424:
6422:Lorenzo Thomas
6419:
6414:
6409:
6404:
6399:
6394:
6385:
6384:
6383:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6338:
6337:
6336:
6335:
6333:Henry Stanbery
6330:
6325:
6320:
6315:
6306:
6305:
6304:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6260:
6258:
6252:
6251:
6249:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6227:
6226:
6221:
6219:Lorenzo Thomas
6216:
6205:
6199:
6197:
6191:
6190:
6178:
6176:
6174:
6173:
6171:Second inquiry
6168:
6162:
6160:
6156:
6155:
6153:
6152:
6140:
6137:
6136:
6133:Andrew Johnson
6121:
6120:
6113:
6106:
6098:
6089:
6088:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6065:
6063:
6055:
6054:
6052:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6025:
6023:
6015:
6014:
6012:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5985:
5983:
5975:
5974:
5972:
5971:
5969:J. Dingell Jr.
5966:
5961:
5955:
5953:
5945:
5944:
5942:
5941:
5939:J. Dingell Jr.
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5919:J. Dingell Jr.
5916:
5914:J. Dingell Sr.
5910:
5908:
5900:
5899:
5897:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5845:
5843:
5835:
5834:
5832:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5730:
5728:
5720:
5719:
5717:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5704:J. Dingell Jr.
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5640:
5638:
5630:
5629:
5627:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5500:
5498:
5490:
5489:
5487:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5385:
5383:
5375:
5374:
5372:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5285:
5283:
5275:
5274:
5272:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5160:
5158:
5150:
5149:
5147:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5045:
5043:
5035:
5034:
5032:
5031:
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4531:
4526:
4524:A. B. Williams
4521:
4516:
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4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
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4119:A. S. Williams
4116:
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4106:
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4096:
4091:
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4076:
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3822:
3816:
3810:
3804:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3786:
3784:
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3780:(2023βpresent)
3771:
3761:
3751:
3741:
3731:
3721:
3711:
3701:
3691:
3681:
3671:
3661:
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3309:
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2205:
2197:
2188:
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2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
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2149:
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2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2063:
2061:
2060:(1947βpresent)
2055:
2054:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1956:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1942:Chairs of the
1939:
1938:
1931:
1924:
1916:
1907:
1906:
1904:
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1898:
1893:
1888:
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1640:
1632:
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1626:
1623:
1614:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1596:
1593:Omar D. Conger
1568:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1546:
1543:
1526:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1508:
1507:
1489:
1488:External links
1486:
1485:
1484:
1475:
1460:
1458:
1451:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1425:
1400:
1375:
1363:Newspapers.com
1350:
1338:Newspapers.com
1325:
1313:Newspapers.com
1300:
1282:
1267:
1252:
1234:
1216:
1203:
1190:
1165:
1152:
1125:
1089:
1064:
1035:
1023:www.senate.gov
1010:
986:
965:
940:
924:
911:
896:
879:
849:
829:
828:
826:
823:
822:
821:
815:
809:
803:
800:Ferry Township
795:
792:
763:
760:
727:
726:
709:September 2022
693:listed sources
690:
688:
681:
675:
672:
612:Vice President
600:
597:
560:
557:
542:Andrew Johnson
486:
483:
470:
467:
450:
447:
445:
442:
384:
381:
371:
368:
323:
322:
319:
318:
311:
307:
306:
297:
293:
292:
287:
283:
282:
276:(aged 69)
270:
266:
265:
247:
243:
242:
238:
237:
234:
233:
223:
222:
218:Member of the
215:
214:
204:
203:
199:Member of the
196:
195:
190:
184:
183:
178:
172:
171:
161:
160:
144:Member of the
141:
140:
135:
129:
128:
123:
117:
116:
106:
105:
94:
93:
88:
82:
81:
76:
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69:
59:
58:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6606:
6595:
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6497:
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6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6436:
6428:
6427:Gideon Welles
6425:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6389:
6387:
6386:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6375:Burt Van Horn
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6342:
6340:
6339:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6310:
6308:
6307:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6286:John A. Logan
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6268:
6266:
6265:
6264:
6259:
6257:
6253:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6211:
6210:
6209:Edwin Stanton
6207:Dismissal of
6206:
6204:
6201:
6200:
6198:
6196:
6192:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6166:First inquiry
6164:
6163:
6161:
6157:
6150:
6146:
6142:
6141:
6138:
6134:
6130:
6126:
6119:
6114:
6112:
6107:
6105:
6100:
6099:
6096:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6060:19th district
6056:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6020:18th district
6016:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5980:17th district
5976:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5950:16th district
5946:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5905:15th district
5901:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5840:14th district
5836:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5725:13th district
5721:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5635:12th district
5631:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5495:11th district
5491:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5380:10th district
5376:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5276:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5151:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5036:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4886:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4736:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4609:H. L. Stevens
4607:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4596:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
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4562:
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4557:
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4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4416:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
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1199:Baltimore Sun
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789:
784:
780:
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770:Ferry's grave
768:
759:
757:
756:Thomas Palmer
752:
748:
744:
741:
736:
734:
723:
720:
712:
700:
699:
694:
689:
685:
680:
679:
674:1882 election
671:
669:
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631:
627:
622:
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581:
579:
573:
571:
567:
556:
554:
549:
547:
543:
540:of President
539:
535:
530:
528:
524:
520:
519:42nd Congress
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
482:
480:
476:
466:
464:
460:
456:
441:
439:
435:
431:
426:
424:
423:Ottawa County
420:
416:
411:
409:
405:
402:
398:
394:
390:
389:Mission House
376:
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
342:, and acting
341:
337:
333:
329:
320:
316:
312:
308:
305:
301:
298:
294:
291:
288:
284:
280:
271:
267:
264:
260:
256:June 10, 1827
248:
244:
239:
235:
229:
224:
221:
216:
210:
205:
202:
197:
194:
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185:
182:
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83:
80:
77:
71:
65:
60:
57:
53:
49:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
6509:Ferry family
6369:
6271:John Bingham
5964:Lesinski Jr.
5959:Lesinski Sr.
5344:D. E. Kildee
5280:9th district
5155:8th district
5114:D. E. Kildee
5040:7th district
4890:6th district
4874:D. T. Kildee
4869:D. E. Kildee
4740:5th district
4633:
4600:4th district
4420:3rd district
4240:2nd district
4055:1st district
3275:
2335:
2325:
1959:
1840:
1616:
1579:
1570:
1528:
1500:
1468:
1454:
1448:
1428:
1416:. Retrieved
1412:
1403:
1391:. Retrieved
1387:
1378:
1366:. Retrieved
1362:
1353:
1341:. Retrieved
1337:
1328:
1316:. Retrieved
1312:
1303:
1294:
1285:
1276:
1270:
1261:
1255:
1246:
1228:
1219:
1211:
1206:
1198:
1193:
1183:December 16,
1181:. Retrieved
1177:
1168:
1160:
1155:
1143:. Retrieved
1138:
1128:
1116:. Retrieved
1104:
1080:. Retrieved
1077:migenweb.org
1076:
1067:
1058:
1045:
1038:
1028:December 17,
1026:. Retrieved
1022:
1013:
997:
989:
973:
968:
956:. Retrieved
952:
943:
933:
927:
919:
914:
870:. Retrieved
861:
852:
842:
785:
781:
777:
773:
753:
749:
745:
740:Michiganders
737:
730:
715:
706:
695:
657:
623:
615:Henry Wilson
610:
582:
574:
562:
550:
531:
495:Philadelphia
488:
472:
452:
427:
412:
386:
340:U.S. Senator
331:
327:
326:
274:(1896-10-13)
227:
208:
188:Succeeded by
165:
133:Succeeded by
110:
86:Succeeded by
63:
29:
6484:1896 deaths
6479:1827 births
6449:Vinnie Ream
6241:John Covode
6195:Impeachment
6125:Impeachment
5664:W. F. James
5599:Knollenberg
5349:Knollenberg
5339:Vander Jagt
5004:Chamberlain
4849:Vander Veen
4769:W. Williams
4514:Frankhauser
3857:Independent
3770:(2021β2023)
3760:(2019β2021)
3750:(2015β2019)
3740:(2012β2015)
3730:(2010β2012)
3720:(2007β2010)
3710:(2003β2007)
3700:(2001β2003)
3670:(1995β2001)
3660:(1989β1995)
3650:(1987β1989)
3640:(1981β1987)
3630:(1980β1981)
3610:(1979β1980)
3600:(1972β1978)
3590:(1971β1972)
3580:(1969β1971)
3570:(1957β1969)
3560:(1955β1957)
3550:(1953β1955)
3540:(1949β1953)
3530:(1947β1949)
3520:(1945β1947)
3510:(1941β1945)
3490:(1940β1941)
3480:(1933β1940)
3470:(1925β1933)
3460:(1919β1925)
3450:(1916β1919)
3440:(1913β1916)
3430:(1911β1913)
3388:(1896β1911)
3358:(1893β1895)
3348:(1891β1893)
3338:(1887β1891)
3328:(1885β1887)
3318:(1883β1885)
3308:(1881β1883)
3288:(1879β1880)
3278:(1875β1879)
3258:(1873β1875)
3248:(1869β1873)
3238:(1867β1869)
3228:(1865β1867)
3218:(1864β1865)
3208:(1861β1864)
3196:Fitzpatrick
3178:(1857β1860)
3176:Fitzpatrick
3148:(1856β1857)
3128:(1854β1856)
3108:(1852β1854)
3098:(1850β1852)
3088:(1846β1849)
3068:(1842β1845)
3058:(1841β1842)
3048:(1836β1841)
3018:(1832β1833)
3006:L. Tazewell
2998:(1828β1831)
2988:(1826β1827)
2978:(1820β1825)
2958:(1814β1819)
2948:(1813β1814)
2938:(1812β1813)
2888:(1808β1809)
2878:(1805β1808)
2848:(1803β1804)
2838:(1802β1803)
2828:(1801β1802)
2706:H. Tazewell
2688:(1792β1793)
1953:(1870β1947)
1731:Stockbridge
1711:Christiancy
1556:U.S. Senate
1178:www.nps.gov
733:Jay Hubbell
696:may not be
523:U.S. Senate
176:Preceded by
121:Preceded by
74:Preceded by
6473:Categories
6079:Broomfield
6049:Broomfield
6034:Broomfield
5934:Kilpatrick
5859:Youngblood
5804:Kilpatrick
5709:D. Dingell
5644:Stephenson
5624:H. Stevens
5614:Bentivolio
5569:F. Bradley
5519:Stephenson
5399:F. Wheeler
5314:McLaughlin
5299:H. Wheeler
5164:N. Bradley
4909:Sutherland
4904:Strickland
4814:Richardson
4754:Trowbridge
4699:Hutchinson
4624:Trowbridge
4259:E. Bradley
4204:Machrowicz
4194:Tenerowicz
4064:McClelland
3953:Woodbridge
3851:Republican
3845:Democratic
3827:Jacksonian
3815:Federalist
3528:Vandenberg
3488:W. H. King
3096:W. R. King
3046:W. R. King
3026:Poindexter
1816:Woodbridge
1756:Vandenberg
1696:Fitzgerald
825:References
812:Noah Ferry
499:Republican
332:T.W. Ferry
300:Politician
296:Profession
290:Republican
252:1827-06-10
6159:Inquiries
6044:Blanchard
5999:Griffiths
5659:MacDonald
5584:Clevenger
5544:Lindquist
5444:Cederberg
5309:R. Bishop
5259:M. Bishop
5169:Ellsworth
5049:O. Conger
4929:Spaulding
4759:O. Conger
4724:Moolenaar
4709:Siljander
4654:Keightley
4484:O'Donnell
4449:Walbridge
4439:J. Conger
4409:Moolenaar
4344:Wedemeyer
4299:Stoughton
4274:C. Stuart
4264:C. Stuart
4179:Sosnowski
4094:W. Howard
4084:W. Howard
4079:D. Stuart
4011:J. Howard
3945:Territory
3448:Saulsbury
3420:Brandegee
3412:Gallinger
3346:Manderson
3256:Carpenter
2816:Hillhouse
2786:Livermore
2716:Livermore
2546:Stanfield
2493:Pritchard
2276:Henderson
2182:Klobuchar
2157:Feinstein
2142:McConnell
2132:McConnell
2092:Mansfield
1985:Blackburn
1113:0362-4331
872:March 12,
844:Education
820:, brother
814:, brother
808:, brother
534:testified
370:Biography
310:Signature
232:1850β1852
228:In office
209:In office
166:In office
111:In office
64:In office
6149:Timeline
6074:McDonald
6004:Brodhead
5894:Lawrence
5849:Weideman
5829:Thanedar
5819:B. Jones
5784:Crockett
5604:McCotter
5559:P. Brown
5504:Breitung
5484:J. James
5474:Mitchell
5454:Schuette
5439:Woodruff
5424:Woodruff
5364:A. Levin
5359:S. Levin
5329:Thompson
5294:Cutcheon
5249:Stabenow
5244:Chrysler
5219:Crawford
5119:N. Smith
5094:McIntosh
5079:McMorran
5059:Carleton
4999:Hayworth
4989:Blackney
4979:Blackney
4954:S. Smith
4819:W. Smith
4789:Comstock
4784:Houseman
4729:Huizenga
4704:Stockman
4679:Hamilton
4589:Scholten
4559:G. Brown
4549:Johansen
4519:J. Smith
4509:J. Smith
4459:Longyear
4404:Huizenga
4399:Hoekstra
4374:Michener
4364:Michener
4339:Townsend
4334:H. Smith
4329:Spalding
4314:Eldredge
4224:Benishek
4199:Sadowski
4189:Sadowski
4124:Newberry
4074:Penniman
4021:Staebler
3998:At-large
3988:G. Jones
3869:Category
3758:Grassley
3688:Thurmond
3668:Thurmond
3638:Thurmond
3628:Magnuson
3608:Magnuson
3598:Eastland
3588:Ellender
3538:McKellar
3518:McKellar
3498:Harrison
3106:Atchison
3086:Atchison
3056:Southard
2976:Gaillard
2956:Gaillard
2936:Crawford
2916:Gaillard
2896:Milledge
2866:Anderson
2856:Franklin
2766:Laurance
2756:Sedgwick
2736:Bradford
2604:Monroney
2599:Johnston
2589:Johnston
2541:Sterling
2523:Sterling
2518:McKellar
2513:Pomerene
2411:McKellar
2391:Sterling
2386:Townsend
2381:Bankhead
2306:Collamer
2271:Robinson
2087:Hennings
2030:Copeland
1886:McNamara
1881:Ferguson
1866:Newberry
1851:McMillan
1786:Stabenow
1746:Townsend
1716:Chandler
1706:Chandler
1368:July 27,
1343:July 27,
1318:July 27,
1145:July 18,
1055:65-14917
996:(2001).
958:July 28,
866:Archived
794:See also
698:reliable
647:had the
587:and the
505:for the
434:Chippewa
348:Michigan
334:, was a
304:Merchant
159:district
153:Michigan
103:Michigan
6029:Dondero
5989:Dondero
5929:Collins
5924:W. Ford
5884:Conyers
5814:Conyers
5794:W. Ford
5789:Collins
5774:O'Brien
5764:O'Brien
5754:O'Brien
5744:Brennan
5734:Nichols
5684:Bennett
5674:Bennett
5649:Shelden
5534:Darragh
5514:Seymour
5509:Moffatt
5479:McClain
5449:Albosta
5404:Weadock
5369:McClain
5334:Griffin
5289:Hubbell
5264:Slotkin
5234:Traxler
5224:Bentley
5209:Vincent
5204:Fordney
5199:Brucker
5189:Youmans
5179:Tarsney
5144:Slotkin
5139:Walberg
5134:Schauer
5129:Walberg
5124:Schwarz
5089:Wolcott
5084:Cramton
5064:Whiting
5029:Dingell
4984:Transue
4879:Walberg
4844:G. Ford
4839:Jonkman
4824:Diekema
4809:Belknap
4804:M. Ford
4799:Belknap
4794:M. Ford
4749:Baldwin
4694:Hoffman
4689:Foulkes
4684:Ketcham
4669:Burrows
4659:Burrows
4644:Burrows
4629:Kellogg
4554:P. Todd
4534:Kimball
4504:Gardner
4499:A. Todd
4489:Burrows
4474:McGowan
4469:Willard
4454:Kellogg
4434:Bingham
4394:Pursell
4309:Willits
4304:Waldron
4284:Waldron
4269:Sprague
4229:Bergman
4214:Conyers
4164:Doremus
4154:Lucking
4149:Corliss
4144:Griffin
4134:Maybury
4109:Waldron
4099:Granger
3963:Richard
3880:Commons
3708:Stevens
3648:Stennis
3578:Russell
3548:Bridges
3478:Pittman
3458:Cummins
3336:Ingalls
3326:Sherman
3316:Edmunds
3286:Thurman
3266:Anthony
3246:Anthony
2966:Barbour
2886:Bradley
2836:Bradley
2826:Baldwin
2726:Bingham
2686:Langdon
2666:Langdon
2594:Carlson
2551:Couzens
2508:Cummins
2503:Perkins
2478:Wolcott
2448:Clayton
2371:Penrose
2361:Wolcott
2281:Merrick
2256:Johnson
2162:Schumer
2122:Stevens
2112:Mathias
2010:Overman
1995:Spooner
1990:Aldrich
1980:Aldrich
1891:Griffin
1871:Couzens
1831:Bingham
1811:Norvell
1804:Class 2
1781:Abraham
1741:Burrows
1721:Baldwin
1674:Class 1
1505:. 1920.
1443:Sources
546:witness
501:to the
395:in the
6069:Farnum
5994:Oakman
5889:Peters
5879:Hertel
5864:Rabaut
5854:Rabaut
5809:Clarke
5799:Rivers
5769:Coffin
5759:McLeod
5749:McLeod
5739:McLeod
5694:Bonior
5689:O'Hara
5609:Curson
5574:Potter
5564:Luecke
5529:Mesick
5469:Miller
5464:Bonior
5434:Currie
5394:Fisher
5354:Peters
5269:Kildee
5254:Rogers
5229:Harvey
5194:Linton
5109:Riegle
5104:Mackie
5099:O'Hara
5069:Snover
4994:Clardy
4969:Person
4964:Hudson
4959:Kelley
4949:Aitken
4939:Brewer
4934:Winans
4924:Brewer
4919:Durand
4914:Begole
4899:Driggs
4864:Barcia
4854:Sawyer
4779:Webber
4764:Foster
4674:Thomas
4649:Potter
4639:Foster
4584:Meijer
4574:Ehlers
4544:Shafer
4529:Hooper
4494:Milnes
4384:Vivian
4379:Meader
4359:Beakes
4349:Beakes
4324:Gorman
4289:Beaman
4219:Stupak
4184:Clancy
4174:Clancy
4104:Beaman
4089:Cooper
4016:Kelley
3973:Biddle
3958:Sibley
3889:
3878:
3867:
3778:Murray
3776:
3766:
3756:
3746:
3736:
3728:Inouye
3726:
3716:
3706:
3696:
3690:(2001)
3686:
3680:(2001)
3676:
3666:
3656:
3646:
3636:
3626:
3620:(1980)
3616:
3606:
3596:
3586:
3576:
3568:Hayden
3566:
3558:George
3556:
3546:
3536:
3526:
3516:
3506:
3500:(1941)
3496:
3486:
3476:
3466:
3456:
3446:
3438:Clarke
3436:
3426:
3418:
3410:
3404:Curtis
3402:
3394:
3384:
3378:(1895)
3376:Harris
3374:
3368:(1895)
3366:Ransom
3364:
3356:Harris
3354:
3344:
3334:
3324:
3314:
3304:
3298:(1881)
3296:Bayard
3294:
3284:
3274:
3268:(1875)
3264:
3254:
3244:
3234:
3226:Foster
3224:
3214:
3204:
3198:(1860)
3194:
3188:(1860)
3186:Bright
3184:
3174:
3168:(1857)
3164:
3158:(1857)
3154:
3146:Bright
3144:
3138:(1856)
3136:Stuart
3134:
3126:Bright
3124:
3118:(1854)
3114:
3104:
3094:
3084:
3078:(1845)
3076:Sevier
3074:
3066:Mangum
3064:
3054:
3044:
3038:(1835)
3034:
3028:(1834)
3024:
3014:
3008:(1832)
3004:
2994:
2984:
2974:
2968:(1819)
2964:
2954:
2946:Varnum
2944:
2934:
2928:(1811)
2924:
2918:(1810)
2914:
2908:(1809)
2904:
2898:(1809)
2894:
2884:
2874:
2868:(1805)
2864:
2858:(1804)
2854:
2844:
2834:
2824:
2818:(1801)
2814:
2808:(1800)
2806:Howard
2804:
2798:(1800)
2794:
2788:(1799)
2784:
2778:(1799)
2774:
2768:(1798)
2764:
2758:(1798)
2754:
2748:(1797)
2744:
2738:(1979)
2734:
2728:(1797)
2724:
2718:(1796)
2714:
2708:(1795)
2704:
2698:(1794)
2694:
2684:
2678:(1792)
2674:
2668:(1789)
2664:
2584:Langer
2566:Downey
2488:Jarvis
2468:Hawley
2463:Butler
2458:Teller
2453:Blaine
2443:Wright
2416:ChΓ‘vez
2401:Phipps
2376:Bourne
2351:Sawyer
2346:Conger
2321:Hamlin
2316:Ramsey
2266:Grundy
2251:Lanman
2246:Stokes
2241:Wilson
2172:Shelby
2127:Warner
2102:Cannon
2097:Jordan
2077:Jenner
2072:Hayden
2067:Brooks
2020:Curtis
1970:Morgan
1965:Blaine
1901:Peters
1846:Palmer
1836:Howard
1826:Stuart
1776:Riegle
1766:Potter
1751:Ferris
1736:Patton
1726:Conger
1686:Porter
1534:from
1418:May 6,
1393:May 6,
1118:May 6,
1111:
1082:May 6,
1053:
1004:
980:
513:, and
438:French
436:, and
430:Ottawa
6438:Other
6039:Huber
6009:Levin
5874:Nedzi
5824:Tlaib
5779:Diggs
5714:Tlaib
5699:Levin
5654:Young
5619:Trott
5594:Davis
5589:Ruppe
5549:Scott
5539:Dodds
5524:Avery
5414:Aplin
5409:Crump
5389:Hatch
5324:Engel
5184:Bliss
5074:Weeks
5024:Upton
4944:Stout
4859:Henry
4834:Mapes
4829:Sweet
4774:Stone
4714:Upton
4664:Yaple
4634:Ferry
4619:Leach
4579:Amash
4569:Henry
4564:Wolpe
4479:Lacey
4464:Blair
4444:Clark
4354:Bacon
4319:Allen
4294:Upson
4279:Noble
4209:Nedzi
4159:Denby
4114:Field
4006:Crary
3768:Leahy
3748:Hatch
3738:Leahy
3618:Young
3508:Glass
3468:Moses
3428:Lodge
3396:Bacon
3306:Davis
3276:Ferry
3216:Clark
3156:Mason
3036:Tyler
3016:White
2996:Smith
2986:Macon
2906:Gregg
2876:Smith
2846:Brown
2796:Tracy
2696:Izard
2609:McGee
2561:Bulow
2498:Baker
2473:Chace
2406:Oddie
2396:Moses
2366:Mason
2356:Vilas
2336:Ferry
2331:Maxey
2326:Ferry
2311:Dixon
2296:Yulee
2286:Niles
2177:Blunt
2167:Blunt
2082:Green
2035:Neely
2025:Moses
2005:Crane
1960:Ferry
1951:Rules
1896:Levin
1876:Brown
1861:Smith
1856:Alger
1841:Ferry
1821:Felch
1761:Moody
998:Grant
974:Grant
346:from
151:from
101:from
6127:and
5869:Ryan
5679:Hook
5669:Hook
5579:Knox
5554:Bohn
5459:Camp
5429:Loud
5419:Loud
5304:Moon
5239:Carr
5214:Hart
5174:Horr
5054:Rich
5019:Carr
5014:Dunn
5009:Carr
4974:Cady
4719:Camp
4614:Peck
4539:Main
4429:Hunt
4389:Esch
4369:Lehr
4249:Lyon
4169:Codd
4129:Lord
4069:Buel
3983:Lyon
3978:Wing
3968:Wing
3891:List
3839:Whig
3718:Byrd
3698:Byrd
3678:Byrd
3658:Byrd
3386:Frye
3236:Wade
3206:Foot
3166:Rusk
3116:Cass
2926:Pope
2776:Ross
2746:Read
2556:Dale
2483:Call
2341:Hill
2301:Gwin
2291:Rusk
2261:Bibb
2152:Lott
2147:Dodd
2137:Dodd
2117:Ford
2107:Pell
2040:Byrd
2015:Knox
2000:Knox
1975:Frye
1771:Hart
1701:Cass
1691:Cass
1681:Lyon
1420:2021
1395:2021
1370:2021
1345:2021
1320:2021
1185:2021
1147:2018
1120:2021
1109:ISSN
1084:2021
1051:LCCN
1030:2021
1002:ISBN
978:ISBN
960:2021
874:2023
511:40th
507:39th
364:45th
362:and
360:44th
281:, US
269:Died
246:Born
213:1856
6131:of
2676:Lee
1480:at
628:of
536:in
493:at
391:on
366:).
157:4th
155:'s
6475::
3422:/
3414:/
3406:/
3398:/
1591:,
1587:,
1583:,
1499:.
1467:.
1411:.
1386:.
1361:.
1336:.
1311:.
1293:.
1237:^
1227:.
1176:.
1137:.
1103:.
1092:^
1075:.
1057:.
1021:.
951:.
899:^
882:^
864:.
860:.
833:^
572:.
509:,
465:.
440:.
432:,
425:.
338:,
302:,
261:,
6117:e
6110:t
6103:v
3925:e
3918:t
3911:v
3855:β
3849:β
3843:β
3837:β
3831:β
3825:β
3819:β
3813:β
3807:β
3801:β
3774:β
3764:β
3754:β
3744:β
3734:β
3724:β
3714:β
3704:β
3694:β
3684:β
3674:β
3664:β
3654:β
3644:β
3634:β
3624:β
3614:β
3604:β
3594:β
3584:β
3574:β
3564:β
3554:β
3544:β
3534:β
3524:β
3514:β
3504:β
3494:β
3484:β
3474:β
3464:β
3454:β
3444:β
3434:β
3424:β
3416:β
3408:β
3400:β
3392:β
3382:β
3372:β
3362:β
3352:β
3342:β
3332:β
3322:β
3312:β
3302:β
3292:β
3282:β
3272:β
3262:β
3252:β
3242:β
3232:β
3222:β
3212:β
3202:β
3192:β
3182:β
3172:β
3162:β
3152:β
3142:β
3132:β
3122:β
3112:β
3102:β
3092:β
3082:β
3072:β
3062:β
3052:β
3042:β
3032:β
3022:β
3012:β
3002:β
2992:β
2982:β
2972:β
2962:β
2952:β
2942:β
2932:β
2922:β
2912:β
2902:β
2892:β
2882:β
2872:β
2862:β
2852:β
2842:β
2832:β
2822:β
2812:β
2802:β
2792:β
2782:β
2772:β
2762:β
2752:β
2742:β
2732:β
2722:β
2712:β
2702:β
2692:β
2682:β
2672:β
2662:β
2643:e
2636:t
2629:v
2216:e
2209:t
2202:v
1935:e
1928:t
1921:v
1659:e
1652:t
1645:v
1473:.
1422:.
1397:.
1372:.
1347:.
1322:.
1187:.
1149:.
1122:.
1086:.
1032:.
1008:.
984:.
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922:.
876:.
722:)
716:(
711:)
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20:)
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