5209:
for example, that we see the same wax when it is before us, and not that we judge it to be the same from its retaining the same color and figure: whence I should forthwith be disposed to conclude that the wax is known by the act of sight, and not by the intuition of the mind alone, were it not for the analogous instance of human beings passing on in the street below, as observed from a window. In this case I do not fail to say that I see the men themselves, just as I say that I see the wax; and yet what do I see from the window beyond hats and cloaks that might cover artificial machines, whose motions might be determined by springs? But I judge that there are human beings from these appearances, and thus I comprehend, by the faculty of judgment alone which is in the mind, what I believed I saw with my eyes.
285:
3832:
is the cause of a child, and in general a maker is a cause of the thing made, and a changer a cause of the thing changed. Further, a thing is a cause (d) inasmuch as it is an end, i.e., that for the sake of which something is done; for example, health is the cause of walking. For if we are asked why someone took a walk, we answer, "in order to be healthy"; and in saying this we think we have given the cause. And whatever occurs on the way to the end under the motion of something else is also a cause. For example, reducing, purging, drugs and instruments are causes of health; for all of these exist for the sake of the end, although they differ from each other inasmuch as some are instruments and others are processes."
1964:
1845:
4890:
6013:, i.e., from the things that have been created, following an argument from the effects to the cause: namely, from things which are moved and cannot be the adequate source of their motion, to a first unmoved mover; from the production of the things in this world by causes subordinated to one another, to a first uncaused cause; from corruptible things which equally might be or not be, to an absolutely necessary being; from things which more or less are, live, and understand, according to degrees of being, living and understanding, to that which is maximally understanding, maximally living and maximally a being; finally, from the order of all things, to a
7949:"Now living beings taken all together form a certain class of being; hence in studying them the first thing to do is to consider what living things have in common, and afterwards what each has peculiar to itself. What they have in common is a life-principle or soul; in this they are all alike. In conveying knowledge, therefore, about living things one must first convey it about the soul as that which is common to them all. Thus when Aristotle sets out to treat of living things, he begins with the soul; after which, in subsequent books, he defines the properties of particular living beings."
1909:
5143:, he seeks to demonstrate that the latter did not express himself categorically on this subject. "The argument", said he, "which Aristotle presents to support this thesis is not properly called a demonstration, but is only a reply to the theories of those ancients who supposed that this world had a beginning and who gave only impossible proofs. There are three reasons for believing that Aristotle himself attached only a relative value to this reasoning..." In this, Aquinas paraphrases
1931:
260:
13039:
5314:, Thomism has had varying fortunes leading some to periodize it historically or thematically. Weisheipl distinguishes "wide" Thomism, which includes those who claim to follow the spirit and basic insights of Aquinas and manifest an evident dependence on his texts, from "eclectic" Thomism which includes those with a willingness to allow the influence of other philosophical and theological systems in order to relativize the principles and conclusions of traditional Thomism.
5262:. A man had to believe something that no normal man would believe, if it were suddenly propounded to his simplicity; as that law is above right, or right is outside reason, or things are only as we think them, or everything is relative to a reality that is not there. The modern philosopher claims, like a sort of confidence man, that if we will grant him this, the rest will be easy; he will straighten out the world, if he is allowed to give this one twist to the mind...
13045:
13970:
1956:
12587:
5271:
Thomas needs to addle his brains in order adequately to addle his eggs; to put his head at any peculiar angle in looking at eggs, or squinting at eggs, or winking the other eye in order to see a new simplification of eggs. The
Thomist stands in the broad daylight of the brotherhood of men, in their common consciousness that eggs are not hens or dreams or mere practical assumptions; but things attested by the Authority of the Senses, which is from God.
5378:(1777) giving an Aristotelian interpretation of Aquinas validating the senses as a source of knowledge. While teaching at the College Roselli is considered to have laid the foundation for Neothomism in the nineteenth century. According to historian J.A. Weisheipl in the late 18th and early 19th centuries "everyone who had anything to do with the revival of Thomism in Italy, Spain and France was directly influenced by Roselli’s monumental work.
1972:
13051:
12702:
14078:
13708:
12916:
6087:
3991:
desires its own being and its own perfection, it must be said also that the being and the perfection of any nature is good. Hence it cannot be that evil signifies being, or any form or nature. Therefore it must be that by the name of evil is signified the absence of good. And this is what is meant by saying that 'evil is neither a being nor a good.' For since being, as such, is good, the absence of one implies the absence of the other.
3406:
2964:
1853:
79:
4304:
181:
38:
3109:
5831:
common by all analytical
Thomists. What they do have in common seems to be that they are philosophers trained in the analytic tradition who happen to be interested in Aquinas in some way; and the character of their "analytical Thomism" is determined by whether it tends to stress the "analytical" side of analytical Thomism, or the "Thomism" side, or, alternatively, attempts to emphasize both sides equally.
6246:"Some have asserted that our intellectual faculties know only the impression made on them; as, for example, that sense is cognizant only of the impression made on its own organ. According to this theory, the intellect understands only its own impression, namely, the intelligible species which it has received, so that this species is what is understood. This is, however, manifestly false for two reasons "
5669:. This approach emphasizes the Aristotelian foundations of Aquinas's philosophy, and in particular the idea that the construction of a sound metaphysics must be preceded by a sound understanding of natural science, as interpreted in light of an Aristotelian philosophy of nature. Accordingly, it is keen to show that modern physical science can and should be given such an interpretation.
13720:
12574:
6101:
3394:
2976:
1865:
6722:"But, just as everything which is in potency can be called matter, so also everything from which something has existence whether that existence be substantial or accidental, can be called form; for example man, since he is white in potency, becomes actually white through whiteness, and sperm, since it is man in potency, becomes actually man through the soul."
4833:) are derived from the phantasm ("the received is in the receiver according to the mode of the receiver"), which itself is a recollection of an experience. Concerning the question of "Whether the intellect can actually understand through the intelligible species of which it is possessed, without turning to the phantasms?" in the
5585:) has been called "the most significant expression of Catholic thought between the two World Wars." The Circle was founded by a group of philosophers and theologians that in distinction to more traditional Neo-Scholastic Thomism embraced modern formal logic as an analytical tool for traditional Thomist philosophy and theology.
4772:, which began among modern thinkers whose positions, following in the wake of Descartes, are fundamentally opposed to Aquinas'. Nonetheless, a Thomistic theory of knowledge can be derived from a mixture of Aquinas' logical, psychological, metaphysical, and even Theological doctrines. Aquinas' thought is an instance of the
7921:"The difference, on the contrary, is a name taken from a determinate form, and taken in a determinate way, i.e. as not including a determinate matter in its meaning. This is clear, for example, when we say animated, i.e., that which has a soul; for what it is, whether a body or something other, is not expressed. Whence
6331:"Although everyone admits the simplicity of the First Cause, some try to introduce a composition of matter and form in the intelligences and in souls... But this is not in agreement with what philosophers commonly say, because they call them substances separated from matter, and prove them to be without all matter."
7925:
says that the genus is not understood in the difference as a part of its essence, but only as something outside its essence, as the subject also is understood in its properties. And this is why the genus is not predicated essentially of the difference, as the
Philosopher says in the third book of the
5964:
This rational soul is united to the body in such a manner that it is the only substantial form of the body. By virtue of his soul a man is a man, an animal, a living thing, a body, a substance and a being. Therefore, the soul gives man every essential degree of perfection; moreover, it gives the body
5940:
Bodies are divided into two groups; for some are living and others are devoid of life. In the case of the living things, in order that there be in the same subject an essentially moving part and an essentially moved part, the substantial form, which is designated by the name soul, requires an organic
4654:
The development of natural law is one of the most influential parts of
Thomist philosophy. Aquinas says that " is nothing other than the light of the intellect planted in us by God, by which we know what should be done and what should be avoided. God gave this light and this law in creation... For no
3990:
says (Div. Nom. iv), 'Evil is neither a being nor a good.' I answer that, one opposite is known through the other, as darkness is known through light. Hence also what evil is must be known from the nature of good. Now, we have said above that good is everything appetible; and thus, since every nature
3831:
and its genera (for example, the ratio of 2:1 and number in general are the cause of an octave chord) and the parts which are included in the intelligible expression. Again, (c) that from which the first beginning of change or of rest comes is a cause; for example, an adviser is a cause, and a father
5929:
Although extension in quantitative parts follows upon a corporeal nature, nevertheless it is not the same for a body to be a substance and for it to be quantified. For of itself substance is indivisible, not indeed as a point is indivisible, but as that which falls outside the order of dimensions is
5830:
are sometimes considered the first "analytical
Thomists", though (like most writers to whom this label has been applied) they did not describe themselves in these terms, and as Haldane's somewhat vague expression "mutual relationship" indicates, there does not seem to be any set of doctrines held in
5772:
However, unlike transcendental
Thomism, the metaphysics of Lublin Thomism places priority on existence (as opposed to essence), making it an existential Thomism that demonstrates consonance with the Thomism of Étienne Gilson. The phenomenological concerns of the Lublin school are not metaphysical in
5237:
Since the modern world began in the sixteenth century, nobody's system of philosophy has really corresponded to everybody's sense of reality; to what, if left to themselves, common men would call common sense. Each started with a paradox; a peculiar point of view demanding the sacrifice of what they
4429:
As we have said above (Article 1), virtue implies a perfection of power: wherefore the virtue of a thing is fixed by the limit of its power (De Coelo i). Now the limit of any power must needs be good: for all evil implies defect; wherefore
Dionysius says (Div. Hom. ii) that every evil is a weakness.
4294:
In order to demonstrate God's creative power, Aquinas says: "If a being participates, to a certain degree, in an 'accident,' this accidental property must have been communicated to it by a cause which possesses it essentially. Thus iron becomes incandescent by the action of fire. Now, God is His own
4006:
Commentating on the aforementioned, Aquinas says that "there is no problem from the fact that some men desire evil. For they desire evil only under the aspect of good, that is, insofar as they think it good. Hence their intention primarily aims at the good and only incidentally touches on the evil."
6024:
By reason of the very purity of His being, God is distinguished from all finite beings. Hence it follows, in the first place, that the world could only have come from God by creation; secondly, that not even by way of a miracle can any finite nature be given creative power, which of itself directly
5957:
Souls in the vegetative and sensitive orders cannot subsist of themselves, nor are they produced of themselves. Rather, they are no more than principles whereby the living thing exists and lives; and since they are wholly dependent upon matter, they are incidentally corrupted through the corruption
5298:
Thomism was always alive in the
Dominican Order, small as it was after the ravages of the Reformation, the French Revolution, and the Napoleonic occupation. Repeated legislation of the General Chapters, beginning after the death of St. Thomas, as well as the Constitutions of the Order, required all
4130:
The existence of God and other like truths about God, which can be known by natural reason, are not articles of faith, but are preambles to the articles; for faith presupposes natural knowledge, even as grace presupposes nature, and perfection supposes something that can be perfected. Nevertheless,
5976:
Therefore, we receive knowledge from sensible things. But since sensible things are not actually intelligible, in addition to the intellect, which formally understands, an active power must be acknowledged in the soul, which power abstracts intelligible likeness or species from sense images in the
5588:
Inspired by the logical clarity of
Aquinas, members of the Circle held both philosophy and theology to contain "propositions with truth-values…a structured body of propositions connected in meaning and subject matter, and linked by logical relations of compatibility and incompatibility, entailment
5208:
But, meanwhile, I feel greatly astonished when I observe its proneness to error. For although, without at all giving expression to what I think, I consider all this in my own mind, words yet occasionally impede my progress, and I am almost led into error by the terms of ordinary language. We say,
4510:
do, moved by God even then but "only" in the sense in which even his nature depends on God's moving, things that happen to be good in some respect, and are not sinful, though if he has not grace, it will be without merit, and he will not succeed in it all the time. Therefore, happiness is attained
4249:
Aquinas also understands God as the transcendent cause of the universe, the "first Cause of all things, exceeding all things caused by Him", the source of all creaturely being and the cause of every other cause. Consequently, God's causality is not like the causality of any other causes (all other
3083:
The capital theses in the philosophy of St. Thomas are not to be placed in the category of opinions capable of being debated one way or another, but are to be considered as the foundations upon which the whole science of natural and divine things is based; if such principles are once removed or in
5972:
Intellectuality necessarily follows upon immateriality, and furthermore, in such manner that the further the distance from matter, the higher the degree of intellectuality. Any being is the adequate object of understanding in general. But in the present state of union of soul and body, quantities
5335:
The first period of
Thomism stretches from Aquinas' teaching activity beginning in 1256 at Paris to Cologne, Orvieto, Viterbo, Rome, and Naples until his canonization in 1325. In this period his doctrines "were both attacked and defended" as for example after his death (1274) the condemnations of
5729:
in particular. To Feser, "It seems fair to say that most Thomists otherwise tolerant of diverse approaches to Aquinas's thought tend to regard transcendental Thomism as having conceded too much to modern philosophy genuinely to count as a variety of Thomism, strictly speaking, and this school of
5270:
only exist as a dream exists, since it is quite as easy to call the dream the cause of the eggs as the eggs the cause of the dream; the Pragmatist may believe that we get the best out of scrambled eggs by forgetting that they ever were eggs, and only remembering the scramble. But no pupil of St.
4712:
Aquinas argues that God offers man both a prevenient grace to enable him to perform supernaturally good works, and cooperative grace within the same. The relation of prevenient grace to voluntariness has been the subject of further debate; the position known here as "Thomist" was originated by
5968:
From the human soul there naturally issue forth powers pertaining to two orders, the organic and the non-organic. The organic powers, among which are the senses, have the composite as their subject. The non-organic powers have the soul alone as their subject. Hence, the intellect is a power
5877:
Since act is perfection, it is not limited except through a potency which itself is a capacity for perfection. Hence in any order in which an act is pure act, it will only exist, in that order, as a unique and unlimited act. But whenever it is finite and manifold, it has entered into a true
5488:
was already able to write in 1949 that the century of revival with its urgency to provide a synthetic systematization and defense of Aquinas' thought was coming to an end. Fabro looked forward to a more constructive period in which the original context of Aquinas' thought would be explored.
5984:
The will does not precede the intellect but follows upon it. The will necessarily desires that which is presented to it as a good in every respect satisfying the appetite. But it freely chooses among the many goods that are presented to it as desirable according to a changeable judgment or
5327:, and the period after the Second Vatican Council. Romanus Cessario thinks it better not to identify intervals of time or periods within the larger history of Thomism because Thomists have addressed such a broad variety of issues and in too many geographical areas to permit such divisions.
4538:
view that emotions are vices by nature. Aquinas takes a moderate view of emotion, quoting Augustine: "They are evil if our love is evil; good if our love is good." While most emotions are morally neutral, some are inherently virtuous (e.g. pity) and some are inherently vicious (e.g. envy).
5608:
of the Neo-scholastic school, to highlight the originality of Aquinas's doctrine of being as existence. He was also critical of the Neo-Scholastics' focus on the tradition of the commentators, and given what he regarded as their insufficient emphasis on being or existence accused them of
4397:, the vital principle, the source of all activities. Hence their science of the soul deals with functions which nowadays belong to the provinces of biology and physiology. The nature of the mind and its relations to the organism are questions that belong to philosophy or metaphysics.
3827:"In one sense the term cause means (a) that from which, as something intrinsic, a thing comes to be, as the bronze of a statue and the silver of a goblet, and the genera of these. In another sense it means (b) the form and pattern of a thing, i.e., the intelligible expression of the
4425:", and that "happiness is called man's supreme good, because it is the attainment or enjoyment of the supreme good." Aquinas defines virtue as a good habit, which is a good quality of a person demonstrated by his actions and reactions over a substantial period of time. He writes:
5613:" (to allude to the other half of Aquinas's distinction between being and essence). Gilson's reading of Aquinas as putting forward a distinctively "Christian philosophy" tended, at least in the view of his critics, to blur Aquinas's distinction between philosophy and theology.
4697:... just as by moving natural causes does not prevent their acts being natural, so by moving voluntary causes He does not deprive their actions of being voluntary: but rather is He the cause of this very thing in them; for He operates in each thing according to its own nature.
5798:, its key proponent, as "a broad philosophical approach that brings into mutual relationship the styles and preoccupations of recent English-speaking philosophy and the concepts and concerns shared by Aquinas and his followers" (from the article on "analytical Thomism" in
5685:
in Quebec, where De Koninck was a professor. The alternative label "River Forest Thomism" derives from a suburb of Chicago, the location of the Albertus Magnus Lyceum for Natural Science, whose members have been associated with this approach. It is also sometimes called
8723:"By the natural law the eternal law is participated proportionately to the capacity of human nature. But to his supernatural end man needs to be directed in a yet higher way. Hence the additional law given by God, whereby man shares more perfectly in the eternal law."
5448:. Its focus, however, is less exegetical and more concerned with carrying out the program of deploying a rigorously worked out system of Thomistic metaphysics in a wholesale critique of modern philosophy. Other seminal figures in the early part of the century include
4278:
God through his creation (general revelation), but only in an analogous manner. For instance, we can speak of God's goodness only by understanding that goodness as applied to humans is similar to, but not identical with, the goodness of God. Further, he argues that
4597:, namely that those who are attacked, should be attacked because they deserve it on account of some fault... Thirdly, it is necessary that the belligerents should have a rightful intention, so that they intend the advancement of good, or the avoidance of evil...
5895:
Besides the absolute accidents there is also the relative accident, relation. Although by reason of its own character relation does not signify anything inhering in another, it nevertheless often has a cause in things, and hence a real entity distinct from the
6663:
The Aristotelian and Thomist definition of the "soul" does not refer to spirit, but is perhaps better translated as "life force." Hence, plants have souls in the sense that they are living beings. The human soul is unique in that it has consciousness. Cf.
5980:
Through these intelligible likenesses or species we directly know universals, i.e. the natures of things. We attain to singulars by our senses, and also by our intellect, when it beholds the sense images. But we ascend to knowledge of spiritual things by
5690:" (to highlight its contrast with Gilson's brand of existential Thomism) though since Neo-Scholastic Thomism also emphasizes Aquinas's continuity with Aristotle, this label seems a bit too proprietary. (There are writers, like the contemporary Thomist
5265:
Against all this the philosophy of St. Thomas stands founded on the universal common conviction that eggs are eggs. The Hegelian may say that an egg is really a hen, because it is a part of an endless process of Becoming; the Berkelian may hold that
3908:) that "to suppose a thing to be indefinite is to deny that it is good." But the good is that which has the nature of an end. Therefore it is contrary to the nature of an end to proceed indefinitely. Therefore it is necessary to fix one last end.
3942:
of the universe is demonstrable by reason. Aquinas' position was that the temporality of the world is an article of faith, and not demonstrable by reason; one could reasonably conclude either that the universe is temporal or that it is eternal.
3741:
or in their own right. Accidents are qualities that apply to other things, such as shape or color: "ccidents must include in their definition a subject which is outside their genus." Because they only exist in other things, Aquinas holds that
5933:
The principle of individuation, i.e., of numerical distinction of one individual from another with the same specific nature, is matter designated by quantity. Thus in pure spirits there cannot be more than one individual in the same specific
6020:
The metaphysical motion of the Divine Essence is correctly expressed by saying that it is identified with the exercised actuality of its own being, or that it is subsistent being itself. And this is the reason for its infinite and unlimited
4254:
of all being, causing and sustaining every other existing thing at every instant. Consequently, God's causality is never in competition with the causality of creatures; rather, God even causes some things through the causality of creatures.
3084:
any way impaired, it must necessarily follow that students of the sacred sciences will ultimately fail to perceive so much as the meaning of the words in which the dogmas of divine revelation are proposed by the magistracy of the Church.
4886:. The ensuing school of thought, through its influence on Catholicism and the ethics of the Catholic school, is one of the most influential philosophies of all time, also significant due to the number of people living by its teachings.
5881:
Consequently, the one God, unique and simple, alone subsists in absolute being. All other things that participate in being have a nature whereby their being is restricted; they are constituted of essence and being, as really distinct
5318:
gives an historic division of Thomism including 1) the period of Aquinas and his first followers from the 13th to 15th centuries, a second Thomism from the 16th to 18th centuries, and a Neo-Thomism from the 19th to 20th centuries.
4729:
is a school that is part of Thomism in the general sense (it originated in commentaries to Aquinas), yet it must be borne in mind that, here, Thomism and Molinism oppose each other. (The question has been declared undecided by the
5589:
etc." "The Cracow Circle set about investigating and where possible improving this logical structure with the most advanced logical tools available at the time, namely those of modern mathematical logic, then called 'logistic'."
3591:
occurs when a descriptor changes some but not all of its meaning. For example, the word "healthy" is analogical in that it applies both to a person or animal which enjoys good health and to some food or drink which promotes
4360:
Thomists define the soul as the substantial form of living beings. Thus, plants have "vegetative souls", animals have "sensitive souls", while human beings alone have "intellectual" – rational and immortal – souls.
5322:
One might justifiably articulate other historical divisions on the basis of shifts in perspective on Aquinas' work including the period immediately following Aquinas' canonization in 1325, the period following the
3508:
principles, for example that "it is absolutely true that there is first something which is essentially being and essentially good, which we call God, everything can be called good and a being, inasmuch as it
5569:
or act of existence of finite beings by participating in being itself. Other scholars such as those involved with the "Progetto Tommaso" seek to establish an objective and universal reading of Aquinas' texts.
4150:
by saying that God allows evil to exist so that good may come of it (for goodness done out of free will is superior than goodness done from biological imperative), but does not personally cause evil Himself.
5304:
5777:. Rather, they are considerations which are brought into relation with central positions of the school, such as when dealing with modern science, its epistemological value, and its relation to metaphysics.
6616:
The meaning of this sentence can be altered depending on how the Latin word used in this sentence, "materiæ", is translated into English. An alternate rendering of this sentence is "The form causes matter
5090:
Thomism remains a school of philosophy today, and influential in Catholicism, though "The Church has no philosophy of her own nor does she canonize any one particular philosophy in preference to others."
4287:: "Now it is natural to man to attain to intellectual truths through sensible objects, because all our knowledge originates from sense. Hence in Holy Writ, spiritual truths are fittingly taught under the
5899:
A spiritual creature is wholly simple in its essence. Yet there is still a twofold composition in the spiritual creature, namely, that of the essence with being, and that of the substance with accidents.
3585:
is the use of a descriptor in the same sense when applied to two objects or groups of objects. For instance, when the word "milk" is applied both to milk produced by cows and by any other female mammal.
8211:"Happiness is the attainment of the Perfect Good... And therefore man can attain Happiness. This can be proved again from the fact that man is capable of seeing God, man's perfect Happiness consists."
8189:"First, from the general notion of happiness. For since happiness is a "perfect and sufficient good", it excludes every evil, and fulfils every desire. But in this life every evil cannot be excluded."
5926:
Neither the matter nor the form have being of themselves, nor are they produced or corrupted of themselves, nor are they included in any category otherwise than reductively, as substantial principles.
5617:(1882–1973) introduced into Thomistic metaphysics the notion that philosophical reflection begins with an "intuition of being", and in ethics and social philosophy sought to harmonize Thomism with
8739:
5885:
A thing is called a being because of "esse". God and creature are not called beings univocally, nor wholly equivocally, but analogically, by an analogy both of attribution and of proportionality.
4010:
As God is the ultimate end of all things, God is by essence goodness itself. Furthermore, since love is "to wish the good of another", true love in Thomism is to lead another to God. Hence why
9363:
5961:
On the other hand, the human soul subsists of itself. When it can be infused into a sufficiently disposed subject, it is created by God. By its very nature, it is incorruptible and immortal.
5534:
focused not only on exegesis of the historical Aquinas but also on the articulation of a rigorous system of orthodox Thomism to be used as an instrument of critique of contemporary thought.
6048:, which he alleged as being, "It seems so to me. I think so. I believe so." Luther also argued that the Thomist method led to shallowness among theological debates in England at the time.
5473:
among others, carried on Leo's call for a Thomist revival. Their approach is reflected in many of the manuals and textbooks widely in use in Roman Catholic colleges and seminaries before
4821:(the image of the imagination is often translated as "phantasm"). When he extracts information from this phantasm, he is using his intellect. Consequently, all human knowledge concerning
1707:
3770:
of matter, matter becomes something actual and something individual", and also, "the form causes matter to be." Thus, it consists of two parts: "prime matter" (matter without form), and
3926:
However, the First Cause does not necessarily have to be temporally the first. Thus, the question of whether or not the universe can be imagined as eternal was fiercely debated in the
9614:
4131:
there is nothing to prevent a man, who cannot grasp a proof, accepting, as a matter of faith, something which in itself is capable of being scientifically known and demonstrated.
6452:"And this is why substances of this sort are said by some to be composed of "that by which it is" and "that which is", or as Boethius says, of "that which is" and "existence.""
4623:
Thomism recognizes four different species of law, which he defines as "an ordinance of reason for the common good, made by him who has care of the community, and promulgated":
3886:
of causality is possible (and thus held that the universe is uncaused), Aquinas argues that an infinite chain never accomplishes its objective and is thus impossible. Hence, a
4430:
And for this reason the virtue of a thing must be regarded in reference to good. Therefore human virtue which is an operative habit, is a good habit, productive of good works.
12874:
4943:
Aquinas, while the Dominicans institutionally took up the defense of his work (1286), and thereafter adopted it as an official philosophy of the order to be taught in their
1642:
6025:
attains the very being of any being; and finally, that no created agent can in any way influence the being of any effect unless it has itself been moved by the first Cause.
6538:"And because accidents are not composed of matter and form, their genus cannot be taken from matter and their difference from form, as in the case of composed substances."
3890:
is necessary for the existence of anything to be possible. Further, the First Cause must continuously be in action (similar to how there must always be a first chain in a
5937:
By virtue of a body's quantity itself, the body is circumscriptively in a place, and in one place alone circumscriptively, no matter what power might be brought to bear.
10365:
5902:
However, the corporeal creature is composed of act and potency even in its very essence. These act and potency in the order of essence are designated by the names
1730:
9847:
12733:
9686:
9463:
6477:"Therefore, if the existence of a thing differs from its essence, this existence must be caused either by some exterior agent or by its essential principles."
5367:
Responding to prevailing philosophical rationalism during the Enlightenment Salvatore Roselli, professor of theology at the College of St. Thomas, the future
13757:
9635:
10444:
12953:
8733:
9658:
4593:
In order for a war to be just, three things are necessary. First, the authority of the sovereign by whose command the war is to be waged... Secondly, a
9874:
5537:
Due to its suspicion of attempts to harmonize Aquinas with non-Thomistic categories and assumptions, Neo-Scholastic Thomism has sometimes been called "
100:
93:
10330:
5452:(1875-1949) and Amato Masnovo (1880-1955). The movement's core philosophical commitments are summarized in "Twenty-Four Thomistic Theses" approved by
3774:, which is what causes a substance to have its characteristics. For instance, an animal can be said to be a being whose matter is its body, and whose
9820:
9718:
9355:
6349:
6150:
3965:" as what all things strive for. E.g., a cutting knife is said to be good if it is effective at its function, cutting. As all things have a function/
671:
7914:
7872:
7302:
6688:
6582:
6525:
6495:
6445:
6418:
6324:
13529:
5749:." Like transcendental Thomism, it seeks to combine Thomism with certain elements of modern philosophy. In particular, it seeks to make use of the
5604:, tended to emphasize the importance of historical exegesis but also to deemphasize Aquinas's continuity with the Aristotelian tradition, and like
5352:
thought. Henry of Gorkum (1386-1431) wrote what may well be the earliest commentary on the Summa Theologiae, followed in due course by his student
5214:
10354:
8759:
7820:
12864:
6715:
5847:
stated that 24 theses formulated by "teachers from various institutions clearly contain the principles and more important thoughts" of Aquinas.
5530:
identifies with the philosophical and theological tradition stretching back to the time of St. Thomas. In the nineteenth century authors such as
1816:
9963:
5395:
The Thomist revival that began in the mid-19th century, sometimes called "neo-scholasticism" or "neo-Thomism", can be traced to figures such as
9316:"Gradually, however, during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, there came a decline in the study of the works of the great Scholastics."
4633:, "whereby each one knows, and is conscious of, what is good and what is evil", which is the rational being's participation in the eternal law;
10397:
8981:
8559:
1496:
14123:
13215:
12869:
10054:
9071:
8921:
8891:
5461:
5397:
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4413:
The appetite of man has two parts, rational and irrational. The rational part is called the will, and the irrational part is called passion.
3007:
2258:
1606:
12882:
9542:
9449:
6740:
1765:
9489:
John Haldane, 1998. "Thomism". In E. Craig (Ed.), Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. London: Routledge. Retrieved 18 August 2013, from
8025:
4994:
of Aquinas in 1323 led to a revocation of the condemnation of 1277. Later, Aquinas and his school would find a formidable opponent in the
10528:
3079:
cautioned that the teachings of the Church cannot be understood without the basic philosophical underpinnings of Thomas's major theses:
7827:"For we cannot grasp what God is, but only what He is not and how other things are related to Him, as is clear from what we said above."
4336:) of all men are the same, and the definition of being is "an essence that exists", humans that are real therefore only differ by their
13939:
13599:
11371:
1821:
10136:
9687:"The Dominican Friars of the Province of St. Albert the Great » "The Revival of Thomism: An Historical Survey" (James Weisheipl)"
9464:"The Dominican Friars of the Province of St. Albert the Great » "The Revival of Thomism: An Historical Survey" (James Weisheipl)"
6130:
5013:(1468–1534). Eventually, in the 16th century, Thomism found a stronghold on the Iberian Peninsula, through for example the Dominicans
13750:
11649:
9901:
9652:, New Catholic Encyclopedia, 2003, Roensch, F. J.: "...he furnished the basis for the Thomistic reconstruction of the 19th century;
6549:"Aveling, Francis. "Essence and Existence." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 5. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 4 Nov. 2009"
14118:
12946:
12745:
12624:
3923:
Thus, both Aristotle and Aquinas conclude that there must be an uncaused Primary Mover, because an infinite regress is impossible.
567:
9216:
14113:
10013:
9611:
7282:
7100:
4843:: "the soul understands nothing without a phantasm." Hence the peripatetic axiom. (Another theorem to be drawn from this is that
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1718:
1356:
13544:
12898:
9415:
6890:
5694:
who have exhibited both Neo-Scholastic and Laval/River Forest influences, and the approaches are not necessarily incompatible.)
5625:, the main reason for the label is the emphasis this approach puts on Aquinas's doctrine of existence. Other proponents include
5348:
After Aquinas' canonisation, commentaries on Aquinas increased, especially at Cologne which had previously been a stronghold of
1758:
12890:
10476:
10386:
8155:
7414:
6985:
6639:
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evaluation. Consequently, the choice follows the final practical judgment. But the will is the cause of it being the final one.
4246:
of everything, but that God has "the most perfect knowledge", and that it is also true to say that God "is" His understanding.
1744:
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9041:
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indivisible. But quantity, which gives the substance extension, really differs from the substance and is truly an accident.
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parts of Thomism, as well as a large part of its views on life, humans, and theology, are found in the various schools of
4393:
generally follow Aristotle's classification. For them body and soul are united in one complete substance. The soul is the
4258:
Aquinas was an advocate of the "analogical way", which says that because God is infinite, people can only speak of God by
13278:
12939:
4270:
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10296:
7926:
Metaphysics and in the fourth book of the Topics, but only in the way in which a subject is predicated of its property."
6552:
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10855:
9562:
8647:
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5095:
4465:. The cardinal virtues are natural and revealed in nature, and they are binding on everyone. There are, however, three
1667:
522:
11912:
8032:
Aquinas further says that "it is clear that happiness is a virtue-oriented activity proper to man in a complete life."
6239:
4526:, Aquinas defines as "a movement of the sensitive appetite when we imagine good or evil", Thomism repudiates both the
143:
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Aquinas pronounces himself energetically against the hypothesis of the eternity of the world, in agreement with both
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held that God distributes grace according to a middle knowledge, and man can accept it without a different grace.
4655:
one is ignorant that what he would not like to be done to himself he should not do to others, and similar norms."
284:
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A summary of some recent and current schools and interpretations of Thomism can be found, among other places, in
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5888:
In every creature there is also a real composition of the subsisting subject and of added secondary forms, i.e.
4511:
through the perseverance of virtue given by the Grace of God, which is not fully attained on earth; only at the
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1939:
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1601:
1401:
939:
361:
356:
191:
122:
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3602:, for example when the word "bank" is applied to river banks and financial banks. Modern philosophers call it
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forms. Such composition cannot be understood unless being is really received in an essence distinct from it.
5621:
and pluralistic democracy. Though "existential Thomism" was sometimes presented as a counterpoint to modern
5565:(b. 1964) among others. Fabro in particular emphasizes Aquinas' originality, especially with respect to the
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70, no. 3 (Summer 1996): pp. 361–380. Poiesis: Philosophy Online, EBSCOhost (Retrieved 13 April 2010): 380.
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of 1879. Generally the revival accepts the interpretative tradition of Aquinas' great commentators such as
3044:
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2940:
1109:
1064:
9816:
9714:
7814:
6933:
Davis, Richard. "Bonaventure and the Arguments for the Impossibility of an Infinite Temporal Regression",
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129:
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2016:
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abstracted from the material conditions of individuality are the proper object of the human intellect.
5061:
and his establishment of the Leonine Commission, established to produce critical editions of Aquinas'
3670:
2620:
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12853:
12381:
10593:
10583:
9959:
9748:
9744:
6003:
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5538:
5065:. This encyclical served as the impetus for the rise of Neothomism, which brought an emphasis on the
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2765:
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1677:
1134:
511:
10106:
5098:
proposes that Thomism is the philosophical system explaining cognition that is most compatible with
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1204:
111:
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12769:
12655:
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11137:
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2041:
2011:
1526:
587:
517:
505:
51:
9063:
8913:
8883:
8018:
5128:(Ibn Gabirol), whose name he mentions, but also of most Jewish philosophical works then existing.
3061:
1331:
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12610:
12062:
12003:
11956:
11814:
11777:
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calls Roselli "l'un des principaux ancêtres du néo-thomisme du XIXe siècle. Accessed 28 June 2014
9326:
7889:
5920:
5413:
5178:
5149:
4822:
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4165:
Aquinas articulated and defended, both as a philosopher and a theologian, the orthodox Christian
3819:
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2875:
2505:
2132:
1994:
1612:
1371:
899:
268:
202:
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17:
6732:
4054:) are five possible ways of demonstrating the existence of God, which today are categorized as:
2605:
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14128:
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13874:
13584:
12195:
12127:
11207:
11045:
10623:
10598:
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10168:
comparing this chief thesis of River Forest Thomism to the objections from Lawrence Dewan, O.P.
6383:
6376:
5730:
thought has in any event been far more influential among theologians than among philosophers."
5650:
5531:
5527:
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5402:
5074:
4543:
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1214:
9612:
http://www.saintwiki.com/index.php?title=Hinnebusch/The_Dominicans:_A_Short_History/Chapter_IX
9554:
9157:
5718:(1904–84), does not oppose modern philosophy wholesale, but seeks to reconcile Thomism with a
1556:
1099:
1094:
679:
13539:
13474:
13288:
13147:
12983:
12690:
12432:
12371:
12351:
12185:
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12077:
12067:
11700:
11549:
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11114:
11022:
10989:
10817:
10797:
10603:
10080:
10003:
9586:
9310:
6045:
5803:
5303:
An idea of the longstanding historic continuity of Dominican Thomism may be derived from the
5193:
4909:, forbade certain positions associated with Aquinas (especially his denial of both universal
4830:
4345:
4190:
4107:
3734:
3657:
3478:
3372:
2660:
2365:
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2280:
2088:
1888:
1104:
1029:
944:
864:
500:
400:
10266:
9149:
6071:
4923:. Through the influence of traditional Augustinian theologians, some theses of Aquinas were
4562:. Rather, he would say that an action is morally good if it fulfills God's antecedent will.
3618:
of the being, plus a difference that sets it apart from the genus itself. For instance, the
2670:
2645:
2201:
14011:
13999:
13787:
13766:
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13672:
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13008:
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9229:
Boethius in the Middle Ages: Latin and Vernacular Traditions of the Consolatio Philosophiae
5562:
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that does not contradict these two laws could theoretically exist, even if said being were
3294:
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1947:
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964:
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759:
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694:
9180:
8756:"St. Thomas Aquinas's commentary on the Ten Commandments, prologue, sec. 'A fourfold law'"
4627:
Eternal law, which is "the type of Divine Wisdom, as directing all actions and movements;"
4421:
Aquinas affirms Aristotle's definition of happiness as "an operation according to perfect
3064:
and continues to be the central point of reference for the philosophy and theology of the
2855:
1501:
1144:
8:
14082:
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12117:
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11965:
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11435:
11341:
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9287:
Thomas of Sutton on the Nature of the Intellective Soul and the Thomistic Theory of Being
9125:
On the History of Political Philosophy: Great Political Thinkers from Thucydides to Locke
6187:
6170:
5889:
5860:
5819:
5795:
5758:
5682:
5420:
5315:
5073:. Neothomism held sway as the dominant philosophy of the Roman Catholic Church until the
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4971:
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4284:
4166:
4033:
4011:
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in articulating the Thomist conception of the human person. Its best-known proponent is
5038:
4295:
power which subsists by itself. The being which subsists by itself is necessarily one."
3264:
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The Way toward Wisdom: An Interdisciplinary and Contextual Introduction to Metaphysics
10151:
The Way toward Wisdom: An Interdisciplinary and Contextual Introduction to Metaphysics
10007:
9927:, eds. Giacomo Grasso and Stefano Serafini, Millennium Romae, Rome 1999, pp. 157–161.
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5802:, edited by Ted Honderich). By "recent English-speaking philosophy" Haldane means the
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Introductory chapter by Craig Paterson and Matthew Pugh on the development of Thomism
10450:
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10155:
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9592:
9558:
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9423:
9232:
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5506:
5390:
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5006:
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4373:), concerned with the maintenance and development of organic life; (2) the appetite (
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4858:, for holding that sensations are a necessary step in acquiring knowledge, and that
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10468:
by Richard Percival Phillips, an introduction on the Thomistic philosophy of nature
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55 (2003), 281–297, Reprinted in: Edgar Morscher, Otto Neumaier and Peter Simons,
9985:"Bocheński and Balance: System and History in Analytic Philosophy", Peter Simons,
9304:
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5299:
Dominicans to teach the doctrine of St. Thomas both in philosophy and in theology.
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translated by the Rev. E. S. Buchanan, M.A., BSc New York: Charles A. Swift, 1928
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https://www.scribd.com/doc/90016006/Fabro-La-Nozione-Metafisica-Di-Partecipazione
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We do not perceive by an immediate intuition that God exists, nor do we prove it
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10245:. Houston: University of Notre Dame Press for the Center of Thomistic Studies.
10154:. Houston: University of Notre Dame Press for the Center of Thomistic Studies.
9753:
My Way of Life: Pocket Edition of St. Thomas—The Summa Simplified for Everyone
8640:
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Thomism remained a doctrine held principally by Dominican theologians, such as
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of a thing is what makes the object what it is: "hrough the form, which is the
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276:
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9632:"Roselli, Salvatore Maria - New Catholic Encyclopedia | Encyclopedia.com"
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Roensch, Frederick J. Early Thomistic School. Dubuque, IA: Priory Press, 1964.
7893:
that "Socrates is nothing other than animality and rationality, which are his
5305:
list of people associated with the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas
4522:(used synonymously with the word "passion" in this context), which, following
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refers to existence or reality. That is, a being is "an essence that exists."
3182:
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Philosophy and the God of Abraham: essays in memory of James A. Weisheipl, OP
10250:
10159:
10076:
10058:
6548:
5822:, which tends to dominate academic philosophy in the English-speaking world.
5807:
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5541:." A discussion of recent and current Neo-Scholastic Thomism can be found in
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5259:
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4875:
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4402:
4390:
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3975:
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denounced the belief that the world is eternal. Aquinas' intellectual rival,
3746:
is primarily the study of substances, as they are the primary mode of being.
3626:"; its genus being animal, and what sets apart man from other animals is his
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814:
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642:
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350:
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303:
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6853:"St. Thomas Aquinas's commentary on the Metaphysics, Bk. II, 994a 11-994b 9"
4407:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved May 29, 2010 from New Advent.
4182:
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Ein Philosoph mit "Bodenhaftung": Zu Leben und Werk von Joseph M. Bocheński
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4813:. When one perceives an object, his mind composites a sense-image. When he
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and says that God gives an additional grace (the "efficient grace") to the
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For Aristotle, the soul is one, but endowed with five groups of faculties (
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is "that which is", a principle with two parts: "that which" refers to its
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Aquinas offers more metaphysical explanations for the existence of God in
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1930:
259:
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6777:"The third way is taken from possibility and necessity, and runs thus..."
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4185:.) Consequently, God cannot be a body (that is, He cannot be composed of
4177:: "what subsists in God is His existence." (Hence why God names himself "
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do not differ, except as the non-designated from the designated. Whence
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entitled "Nonlinear Brain Dynamics and Intention According to Aquinas."
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9480:"The Revival of Thomism: An Historical Survey, ” James Weisheipl, 1962.
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Potency and Act divide being in such a way that whatever is, is either
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3485:, he believed that the world can be known as it is). He often affirmed
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is to be accepted no matter where it is found. His doctrines drew from
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2006:
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9684:"The Revival of Thomism: An Historical Survey", James Weisheipl, 1962
8076:. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. pp. 109–110.
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which has ordered and organized things, and directs them to their end.
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the history of Thomism has been continuous since the time of Aquinas:
4780:"when it conforms to the external reality." Therefore, any being that
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5561:(1950–1990), Abelardo Lobato (1925–2012), Leo Elders (1926–2019) and
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1277, 1284 and 1286 were counteracted by the General Chapters of the
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attempted a Thomistic revival, particularly with his 1879 encyclical
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4385:), which presides over the various bodily movements; and (5) reason (
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7879:"It is clear, therefore, that the essence of man and the essence of
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4233:, and eternal. Summing up these properties, Aquinas offers the term
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says, "Whoever is without love does not know God, for God is love."
3651:
existence of a thing, for example man exists, and this is existence
1139:
209:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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is a result of drawing false conclusions based on our sensations.)
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4274:) to finite human minds. Thomist philosophy holds that we can know
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5673:, Raymond Jude Nogar, James A. Weisheipl, William A. Wallace, and
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Early and noteworthy defenders of Aquinas were his former teacher
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can be said to be true insofar that it participates in the world.
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and are distinct from other virtues in their object, namely, God.
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8873:, Grundriss der Dogmatik, nova & vetera, Bonn 2005, IV/I § 15
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would call a sane point of view. That is the one thing common to
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have the same essence, and so long as they exist, only differ by
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3501:, and respectfully referred to him simply as "the Philosopher".
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7336:"Thus, it is... that evil is only caused by good accidentally."
7314:
are the most well-known and most commonly analyzed among these.
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5048:
The modern period brought considerable difficulty for Thomism.
4814:
4748:
4554:, and therefore Aquinas cannot be said to be strictly either a
4422:
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3050:
In philosophy, Thomas's disputed questions and commentaries on
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2375:
2335:
313:
9303:
5083:
writer Fr. Brian Van Hove, SJ, to confirm the significance of
5017:(particularly noteworthy for his work in natural law theory),
4506:. However, "doing good" here refers to doing good per se: man
3598:
is the complete change in meaning of the descriptor and is an
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by reason, a view that is taught by the Catholic Church. The
3794:
3681:
3615:
3541:
3525:
3458:
378:
10267:"The River Forest School and the Philosophy of Nature Today"
10232:
For an excellent introduction to River Forest Thomism, see:
6378:
Renewing Your Mind: Basic Christian Beliefs You Need to Know
4662:
was divine, though rightfully only given to the Jews before
4636:
Human or temporal law, laws made by humans by necessity; and
4534:(sensual experiences that invoke positive emotion), and the
3865:, what brings about the beginning of, or change to, a being.
9954:
9952:
9217:
Richard Knapwell - Medieval Studies - Oxford Bibliographies
9194:
The Church Triumphant: A History of Christianity Up to 1300
4798:
4474:
4262:, for some of the aspects of the divine nature are hidden (
3970:
3661:
existence, for example man is white, and this is existence
2445:
6131:
Criticism of the Catholic Church § Nature of theology
5745:
in Poland where it is centered, is also sometimes called "
5545:(2002) by Battista Mondin, which includes such figures as
5196:
and the fallibility of the senses implicitly contradicted
4312:, Pars secunda, prima pars. (copy by Peter Schöffer, 1471)
3489:'s views with independent arguments, and largely followed
11470:
10220:
5995:
5677:, are among its representatives. It is sometimes called "
5543:
La Metafisica di san Tommaso d'Aquino e i suoi interpreti
5499:
La Metafisica di san Tommaso d'Aquino e i suoi interpreti
5124:, shows a profound knowledge not only of the writings of
4542:
Thomist ethics hold that it is necessary to observe both
4515:. Notably, man cannot attain true happiness without God.
4481:(which is used interchangeably with love in the sense of
9949:
9122:
6787:
6785:
6783:
3778:
is its substantial form. Together, these constitute its
5722:
subject-centered approach to knowledge in general, and
5229:
In describing Thomism as a philosophy of common sense,
4589:
was expounded by Aquinas with this principle. He says:
4581:. Previously experiencing difficulties in the world of
3645:
xistence is twofold: one is essential existence or the
3566:
Aquinas noted three forms of descriptive language when
7887:
says in his considerations on the seventh book of the
5769:(1920–2005), who went on to become Pope John Paul II.
3838:
Metaphysics 1013a, trans. John P. Rowan, Chicago, 1961
3640:
Being § Thomistic analogical predication of being
9930:"S. Serafini - G. Grasso - Vita quaerens intellectum"
9755:, Brooklyn, NY: Confraternity of the Precious Blood.
6780:
5965:
a share in the act of being whereby it itself exists.
5492:
5359:
4817:
the object he previously sensed, he is imagining its
4498:, Aquinas argues that humans can neither wish nor do
4324:", Aquinas also held various other beliefs about the
10395:
P. Lumbreras's commentary on the 24 Thomistic Theses
10215:
There is a River Forest Dominican Collection at the
9767:, Cornelio Fabro, Preface to the second edition, 5;
9588:
An Image of God: The Catholic Struggle with Eugenics
9513:
6460:
6458:
6082:
4768:
Aquinas preceded the existence of the discipline of
3851:, what a being's matter consists of (if applicable).
3758:
as "that which is expressed by its definition." The
27:
Philosophical system originating from Thomas Aquinas
9844:"Vanni Rovighi, Sofia in "Dizionario di filosofia""
9739:e.g., Thomas Aquinas (1952), edd., Walter Farrell,
9252:
Work 9: The Doctrinal Life and the Thomistic School
3054:are perhaps his best-known works. In theology, his
9923:See Raffaele Rizzello’s "Il Progetto Tommaso", in
9314:. Vol. 14. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
6375:
5340:and other disciples who came to Aquinas' defense.
4573:, II-II, Q.64, art.7, which is a justification of
4340:. More generally speaking, all beings of the same
4250:causes are "secondary causes"), because He is the
4221:, omniscient, happiness itself, knowledge itself,
10439:
10134:The natural sciences are epistemologically first.
7672:
7670:
7647:
7645:
6455:
5753:method of philosophical analysis associated with
5109:
14095:
10363:Paterson & Pugh's book on Analytical Thomism
6405:
6403:
5870:, or of necessity it is composed of potency and
5834:
5702:Unlike the first three schools mentioned above,
4126:; though these truths cannot contradict reason:
10235:
10144:
5381:
5369:Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas,
5343:
4931:(the most important theological schools in the
4927:by the ecclesiastical authorities of Paris and
3690:(literally "whatness"), and "is" refers to its
10179:The Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers
10107:"A Celebration of Eugene Rathbone Fairweather"
9584:
7667:
7642:
7614:
7612:
7209:
7207:
6044:and a reliance on style over substance in the
5969:intrinsically independent of any bodily organ.
5168:Thomism began to decline in popularity in the
5094:In recent years, the cognitive neuroscientist
13751:
12947:
12618:
10522:
9712:
9591:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 21–.
9147:
6400:
6151:List of Thomist writers (13th–18th centuries)
4403:Dubray, C. (1909). Faculties of the Soul. In
3430:
3060:is amongst the most influential documents in
3001:
1889:
1607:Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas
10321:
10289:
9811:
9507:
9504:, Catholic University of America Press, 2005
9181:William De La Mare | Encyclopædia Britannica
7120:
7118:
6370:
3721:Being is divided in two ways: that which is
10414:Martin Luther against Henry King of England
10029:
9297:
9295:
7609:
7204:
6061:(1946). Neo-Thomism has been criticized by
6040:, Luther criticized a perceived use of the
5459:In the first half of the twentieth century
5290:J. A. Weisheipl emphasizes that within the
5021:(notable for his work on economic theory),
4919:in a single substance) to be taught in the
3680:In Thomist philosophy, the definition of a
66:Learn how and when to remove these messages
13940:List of Independent Catholic denominations
13758:
13744:
12954:
12940:
12625:
12611:
10529:
10515:
10393:, Latin with English translation See also
10177:"Weisheipl, James Patrick Athanasius", in
9871:"GIACON, Carlo in "Dizionario Biografico""
9148:Cessario, Romanus; O. P., Romanus (2005).
3969:, all real things are good. Consequently,
3932:University of Paris's condemnation of 1270
3437:
3423:
3008:
2994:
1896:
1882:
10430:Reality: A Synthesis of Thomistic Thought
10219:Center, at the University of Notre Dame.
10059:"In Memoriam Eugene Rathbone Fairweather"
9655:"Roselli, Salvatore Maria - Scholasticon"
9578:
9491:http://www.rep.routledge.com/article/N067
7115:
6935:American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly
6382:. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books. p.
5697:
5516:
5330:
5156:
5029:; the Carmelites of Salamanca (i.e., the
4242:Aquinas held that not only does God have
243:Learn how and when to remove this message
225:Learn how and when to remove this message
163:Learn how and when to remove this message
14069:*The Catholic Church also comprises the
13790:, further diversified starting from the
13765:
12746:Pange lingua gloriosi corporis mysterium
9898:"Istituto Filosofico di Studi Tomistici"
9353:
9292:
7063:"St. Thomas Aquinas's commentary on the
6823:"St. Thomas Aquinas's commentary on the
5573:
5033:); and even, in a way, the newly formed
4888:
4302:
4114:Despite this, Aquinas also thought that
4071:Argumentum ex ratione causae efficientis
3823:, which is an integral part of Thomism:
1907:
1817:List of institutions named after Aquinas
568:Pange lingua gloriosi corporis mysterium
12961:
10477:The XXIV Theses of Thomistic Philosophy
10446:The Essence & Topicality of Thomism
10315:
9807:
9805:
9803:
9801:
9799:
9797:
9765:La nozione Metafisica di Participazione
9555:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195326093.013.0039
9514:Frederick J. Roensch (1 January 1964).
9301:
9196:. Mercer University Press. p. 52.
6659:
6657:
5640:
5557:(1911–1995), Carlo Giacon (1900–1984),
3797:, goodness (that is, all things have a
1719:Enthroned Madonna and Child with Saints
14:
14096:
12891:The Apotheosis of Saint Thomas Aquinas
10053:
9904:from the original on 27 September 2013
9795:
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9785:
9783:
9781:
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9777:
9706:
9274:Bernard of Auvergne - Oxford Reference
9191:
8762:from the original on 15 September 2009
8071:
6893:from the original on 3 September 2010.
5941:disposition, i.e. heterogeneous parts.
5592:
5423:. This movement received impetus from
5139:. But as this theory is attributed to
3514:in it by way of a certain assimilation
3457:held and practiced the principle that
3031:school which arose as a legacy of the
1745:The Apotheosis of Saint Thomas Aquinas
99:Please improve this article by adding
13739:
12935:
12875:International Council of Universities
12606:
12268:
11010:
10548:
10510:
10333:from the original on 29 November 2010
10190:
9823:from the original on 29 November 2010
9721:from the original on 29 November 2010
9540:
9366:from the original on 26 November 2011
8654:authoritatively on the definition of
8502:from the original on 10 November 2011
8472:from the original on 10 November 2011
8322:from the original on 28 November 2011
8232:from the original on 15 November 2011
8158:from the original on 13 November 2011
8128:from the original on 13 November 2011
7848:from the original on 23 November 2011
7778:from the original on 28 November 2011
7597:from the original on 21 November 2011
7417:from the original on 20 November 2011
7225:from the original on 15 November 2011
6859:from the original on 27 November 2011
6833:from the original on 19 November 2011
6760:
6758:
6691:from the original on 26 November 2009
6642:from the original on 19 December 2011
6585:from the original on 26 November 2009
6528:from the original on 26 November 2009
6498:from the original on 26 November 2009
6421:from the original on 26 November 2009
6352:from the original on 28 February 2009
5780:
5114:Aquinas did not disdain to draw upon
4947:. Early opponents of Aquinas include
3813:Aristotle categorized causality into
3737:). Substances are things which exist
3477:philosophers. Specifically, he was a
14124:Philosophical schools and traditions
10297:"A Brief Overview of Lublin Thomism"
10104:
10033:(1952). "The Mystery of New Being".
9993:. St.Augustin: Academia, 2011, 61–79
9661:from the original on 8 December 2015
9638:from the original on 17 January 2015
9396:from the original on 9 November 2011
9104:from the original on 2 November 2011
9064:"St. Thomas Aquinas's commentary on
9044:from the original on 2 November 2011
9014:from the original on 2 November 2011
8822:from the original on 9 November 2011
8792:from the original on 9 November 2011
8692:from the original on 9 November 2011
8622:from the original on 9 November 2011
8592:from the original on 2 November 2011
8532:from the original on 3 November 2011
8442:from the original on 9 November 2011
8412:from the original on 9 November 2011
8382:from the original on 9 November 2011
8352:from the original on 4 December 2011
8292:from the original on 9 November 2011
8262:from the original on 9 November 2011
8098:from the original on 9 November 2011
7970:from the original on 19 January 2012
7805:Summa Contra Gentiles III, chap. 17.
7748:from the original on 9 November 2011
7718:from the original on 9 November 2011
7688:from the original on 9 November 2011
7630:from the original on 9 November 2011
7567:from the original on 9 November 2011
7537:from the original on 9 November 2011
7507:from the original on 9 November 2011
7477:from the original on 9 November 2011
7447:from the original on 9 November 2011
7387:from the original on 9 November 2011
7357:from the original on 9 November 2011
7166:from the original on 9 November 2011
7136:from the original on 4 December 2011
6988:from the original on 4 December 2011
6958:from the original on 9 November 2011
6915:from the original on 5 November 2011
6803:from the original on 5 November 2011
6654:
6555:from the original on 11 October 2011
6300:from the original on 4 December 2011
5503:Being and Some 20th Century Thomists
4197:(that is, not separated into parts;
3714:which may or may not exist; whereas
174:
72:
31:
9877:from the original on 4 October 2013
9850:from the original on 4 October 2013
9774:
9074:from the original on 7 January 2010
8984:from the original on 7 January 2010
8954:from the original on 6 January 2012
8053:from the original on 9 January 2012
8019:St. Thomas Aquinas's commentary on
8000:from the original on 9 January 2012
7936:St. Thomas Aquinas's commentary on
7796:Summa Theologiae I, Q. 12, art. 12.
7103:from the original on 7 October 2011
7073:from the original on 1 October 2011
7018:from the original on 1 October 2011
6214:from the original on 31 August 2009
5553:, Sofia Vanni Rovighi (1908–1990),
5224:
5102:, in a 2008 article in the journal
4017:
3894:), otherwise the series collapses:
24:
12663:Quaestiones Disputatae de Veritate
12632:
10422:
10327:"The Thomistic tradition, Part II"
10257:from the original on 4 April 2009.
10166:from the original on 4 April 2009.
9966:from the original on 13 March 2013
9715:"The Thomistic tradition (Part 1)"
9327:"Looking Back at "Humani Generis""
8924:from the original on 24 April 2009
7664:"God is happiness by His Essence."
7255:from the original on 28 April 2013
6755:
6743:from the original on 24 April 2009
6037:Against Henry, King of the English
5800:The Oxford Companion to Philosophy
5741:, which derives its name from the
5600:(1884–1978), the key proponent of
5493:Recent schools and interpretations
4970:, the ill-fated Richard Knapwell,
4839:, Aquinas quotes Aristotle in the
4205:in three persons). Further, He is
3787:transcendental properties of being
3524:Aquinas says that the fundamental
3107:
1668:The Cambridge Companion to Aquinas
523:Quaestiones Disputatae de Veritate
25:
14160:
10486:
10196:"William Wallace, OP (1918-2015)"
9817:"The Thomistic tradition, Part I"
9713:Feser, Edward (15 October 2009).
9549:. Oxford 2012. pp. 511–532.
9123:W Julian Korab-Karpowicz (2015).
7192:from the original on 31 July 2011
6827:, Bk. V, 1015a 20-1015b 15, §840"
6273:is only a quote from Aristotle's
5733:
5163:
5153:, where those reasons are given.
4747:must have previously been in the
4381:); (4) the "locomotive" faculty (
4369:): (1) the "vegetative" faculty (
4316:In addition to agreeing with the
3754:pinpoints Aquinas' definition of
47:This article has multiple issues.
14076:
13990:State church of the Roman Empire
13968:
13718:
13706:
13600:Stratification of emotional life
13049:
13043:
13037:
12914:
12700:
12586:
12585:
12572:
10481:commentary by P. Lumbreras, O.P.
10407:
10375:
10345:
10226:
10209:
10184:
10171:
10126:
10098:
10047:
10023:
10002:Gilson wrote about the topic of
9996:
9987:Studies in East European Thought
9979:
9917:
9890:
9863:
9836:
9758:
9733:
9678:
9624:
9605:
9534:
9495:
9483:
9456:
9438:
9408:
9378:
9347:
9319:
9308:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
9278:
9267:
9258:
9245:
9221:
9210:
9185:
9174:
9141:
9116:
9086:
9056:
9026:
8996:
8978:, Bk. II, Chp. V, 417b18–418a25"
8966:
7275:Catechism of the Catholic Church
6099:
6085:
5773:nature as this would constitute
5374:in Rome, published a six volume
4530:view that happiness consists in
3404:
3392:
2974:
2962:
1970:
1962:
1954:
1929:
1863:
1851:
1843:
1733:St Dominic and St Thomas Aquinas
283:
258:
179:
77:
36:
14119:Christian theological movements
12883:Triumph of Saint Thomas Aquinas
12860:List of works by Thomas Aquinas
9422:. Newadvent.org. Archived from
9332:Homiletic & Pastoral Review
8936:
8906:
8894:from the original on 3 May 2009
8876:
8864:
8852:from the original on 7 May 2017
8834:
8804:
8774:
8748:
8726:
8704:
8674:
8634:
8604:
8574:
8562:from the original on 3 May 2009
8544:
8514:
8484:
8454:
8424:
8394:
8364:
8334:
8304:
8274:
8244:
8214:
8192:
8170:
8140:
8110:
8080:
8065:
8035:
8012:
7982:
7952:
7929:
7902:
7860:
7830:
7808:
7799:
7790:
7760:
7730:
7700:
7624:, I, Q.14, arts. 5, 6, & 9"
7579:
7549:
7519:
7489:
7459:
7429:
7399:
7369:
7339:
7317:
7291:
7267:
7237:
7178:
7148:
7085:
7055:
7030:
7000:
6970:
6940:
6927:
6897:
6871:
6845:
6815:
6725:
6703:
6673:
6624:
6597:
6567:
6541:
6510:
6480:
6116:List of works by Thomas Aquinas
6058:A History of Western Philosophy
5216:Meditations on First Philosophy
5185:Meditations on First Philosophy
5077:, which seemed, in the eyes of
4776:, which says that something is
4737:
4721:which makes them accept, while
4298:
4122:could only be obtained through
1766:Triumph of Saint Thomas Aquinas
55:or discuss these issues on the
14114:Catholic theology and doctrine
12828:Canonization of Thomas Aquinas
10536:
9585:Sharon M. Leon (5 June 2013).
8786:, II-I, Q.98, art.1 & 4–5"
6433:
6364:
6334:
6312:
6282:
6249:
6227:
6200:
6183:Thomistic sacramental theology
5110:Connection with Jewish thought
4893:Triumph of St Thomas Aquinas,
4774:correspondence theory of truth
4169:. God is the sole being whose
4154:
4028:Thomas Aquinas holds that the
3551:
3534:principle of non-contradiction
3519:
1673:The Oxford Handbook of Aquinas
1602:Canonization of Thomas Aquinas
13:
1:
12269:
10299:. Hyoomik.com. Archived from
10265:; Raymond James Long (1991).
8496:, II-I, Q.18, art.3 & 10"
6551:. Newadvent.org. 1 May 1909.
6194:
5945:
5835:24 Thomistic theses of Pius X
5743:Catholic University of Lublin
5509:as well as in the writing of
5484:took place from 1962 to 1965
5080:Homiletic and Pastoral Review
4854:would later be classified as
4673:and is meant for all humans.
4328:of man. For instance, as the
3043:philosopher, theologian, and
1916:
101:secondary or tertiary sources
12058:Ordinary language philosophy
10549:
8526:, II-I, Q.19, art.1 & 2"
7188:. Usccb.org. 13 March 2011.
6161:Rule according to higher law
6029:
5914:
5826:(1919–2001) and her husband
5501:(2002), by Battista Mondin,
5344:1325 to the Council of Trent
5118:sources. His main work, the
4676:
3872:, what a being's purpose is.
3858:, what a being's essence is.
3808:
3614:" that Aquinas gives is the
7:
13192:Theological intellectualism
12108:Contemporary utilitarianism
12023:Internalism and externalism
10465:Modern Thomistic Philosophy
10441:Garrigou-Lagrange, Réginald
10372:is available gratis online.
10143:" contains an excerpt from
10064:Anglican Theological Review
10036:Anglican Theological Review
9541:Upham, Christopher (2012).
9450:The Guide for the Perplexed
9231:. BRILL. 1997. p. 48.
6078:
6046:Thomist form of disputation
5850:
5172:, which was inaugurated by
4646:specifically given through
4239:(Latin: "pure actuality").
3946:
3449:
3190:Libri Quattuor Sententiarum
1822:Saint Thomas Aquinas Church
1752:The Vision of Fray Lauterio
1739:San Pietro Martire Triptych
205:the claims made and adding
10:
14165:
13570:Principle of double effect
12807:Principle of double effect
11372:Svatantrika and Prasangika
11011:
10435:Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange
9543:"The Influence of Aquinas"
9502:A Short History of Thomism
9152:A Short History of Thomism
7310:and elsewhere, though the
7130:, I., Q.6., art.2 & 3"
6051:Thomism was criticized by
5993:
5949:
5918:
5854:
5784:
5551:Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange
5520:
5471:Réginald Garrigou-Lagrange
5388:
5285:
4616:
4567:principle of double effect
4320:definition of man as "the
4158:
4082:Argumentum ex contingentia
4021:
3637:
3555:
2017:Principle of Double Effect
1858:Catholic Church portal
418:Principle of double effect
14071:Eastern Catholic Churches
14065:
14037:
13977:
13966:
13948:
13930:
13907:
13884:
13829:
13810:
13799:
13773:
13701:
13640:
13437:
13214:
13184:
13146:
13103:
13065:
13058:
13035:
12969:
12909:
12854:Thomas Aquinas Dictionary
12820:
12785:
12709:
12698:
12640:
12566:
12518:
12418:
12380:
12327:
12294:
12285:
12281:
12264:
12214:
12126:
11964:
11955:
11888:
11671:
11662:
11640:
11595:
11537:
11489:
11443:
11434:
11397:
11268:
11133:
11080:
11071:
11021:
11017:
11006:
10945:
10917:
10874:
10826:
10783:
10736:
10708:
10660:
10632:
10594:Philosophy of mathematics
10584:Philosophy of information
10559:
10555:
10544:
10498:– Aquina's complete works
10223:. Accessed 2020 April 29.
10181:(2005), New York: Oxford.
9925:Vita quaerens intellectum
9192:Hinson, E. Glenn (1995).
9127:. Routledge. p. 95.
8028:24 September 2015 at the
7940:, Bk. I, 402a1–403b2, §1.
7285:26 September 2009 at the
6718:16 September 2009 at the
6069:and by supporters of the
5878:composition with potency.
5874:and intrinsic principles.
5806:founded by thinkers like
5727:transcendental philosophy
5539:strict observance Thomism
4939:opposed the ideas of the
4869:
4683:there is no contradiction
4671:replaces the Old Covenant
4550:to determine an action's
4416:
4405:The Catholic Encyclopedia
4086:argument from contingency
4073:, or the argument of the
4062:, or the argument of the
3785:All real things have the
3751:The Catholic Encyclopedia
3499:commentaries on Aristotle
3497:. He wrote comprehensive
1678:Thomas Aquinas Dictionary
512:Commentaries on Aristotle
14029:History of Protestantism
12899:Temptation of St. Thomas
12770:Verbum supernum prodiens
12656:De regno, ad regem Cypri
12649:Contra Errores Graecorum
10502:Bibliographia Thomistica
9671:Accessed 7 August 2015;
9650:Roselli, Salvatore Maria
9302:Kennedy, Daniel (1912).
8888:, Q.2, art.3, answer 19"
7917:26 November 2009 at the
7875:26 November 2009 at the
7823:28 February 2009 at the
7305:26 November 2009 at the
7012:, Bk. I, Chp. I, 1094a4"
6448:26 November 2009 at the
6327:26 November 2009 at the
6224:Accessed 25 October 2012
5747:phenomenological Thomism
4921:Faculty of Arts at Paris
4658:Aquinas argues that the
4445:Aquinas ascertained the
4146:Aquinas responds to the
3979:, or "lack of good", as
3633:
3622:definition of "man" is "
3504:He also adhered to some
3367:Protestant scholasticism
1759:Temptation of St. Thomas
588:Verbum supernum prodiens
518:De regno, ad regem Cypri
506:Contra Errores Graecorum
14083:Christianity portal
14024:Independent Catholicism
13932:Independent Catholicism
13197:Theological voluntarism
12865:Institutional namesakes
12063:Postanalytic philosophy
12004:Experimental philosophy
9860:Accessed 17 August 2013
9771:Accessed 30 August 2013
9747:, and Martin J. Healy,
9703:Accessed 30 August 2013
9621:Accessed 30 August 2013
8742:27 October 2014 at the
8650:29 October 2009 at the
8207:21 October 2012 at the
8185:21 October 2012 at the
8152:, II-I, Q. 109, art.10"
6612:19 January 2012 at the
6473:9 November 2011 at the
6265:29 October 2009 at the
5414:Giovanni Maria Cornoldi
5179:Discourse on the Method
5150:Guide for the Perplexed
4901:Before Aquinas' death,
4496:Roman Catholic theology
4355:
4268:) and others revealed (
3610:Further, the usage of "
3379:Protoscholastic writing
3303:("Doctor Scholasticus")
3261:("Doctor Invincibilis")
2133:Theological determinism
1613:Congregatio de Auxiliis
14018:Protestant Reformation
13956:Western Rite Orthodoxy
13792:Protestant Reformation
13782:that developed in the
13713:Catholicism portal
12921:Catholicism portal
12812:View on the Sacraments
12196:Social constructionism
11208:Hellenistic philosophy
10624:Theoretical philosophy
10599:Philosophy of religion
10589:Philosophy of language
10389:10 August 2007 at the
10221:http://maritain.nd.edu
9976:Accessed 15 March 2013
9833:Accessed 27 March 2013
9517:Early Thomistic school
8074:The Recovery of Virtue
7332:7 October 2011 at the
7049:9 January 2010 at the
5989:
5704:transcendental Thomism
5698:Transcendental Thomism
5651:River Forest, Illinois
5532:Tommaso Maria Zigliara
5528:Neo-Scholastic Thomism
5517:Neo-Scholastic Thomism
5482:Second Vatican Council
5403:Tommaso Maria Zigliara
5331:First Thomistic School
5301:
5283:
5222:
5157:Scholarly perspectives
5075:Second Vatican Council
4898:
4852:epistemological theory
4766:
4710:
4612:
4610:
4595:just cause is required
4443:
4411:
4313:
4189:), He cannot have any
4144:
4004:
3921:
3882:, who thought that an
3842:
3678:
3538:principle of causality
3411:Catholicism portal
3279:("Doctor Universalis")
3112:
3086:
2969:Catholicism portal
2321:Gregory (of Nazianzus)
2185:Christian Neoplatonism
1923:
1731:Madonna and Child with
88:relies excessively on
14139:Christian terminology
13725:Philosophy portal
13540:Infused righteousness
12870:Pontifical University
12691:Summa contra Gentiles
12579:Philosophy portal
12098:Scientific skepticism
12078:Reformed epistemology
10604:Philosophy of science
10383:Postquam sanctissimus
9946:Accessed 5 Sept. 2013
9914:Accessed 5 Sept. 2013
9887:Accessed 9 April 2013
9311:Catholic Encyclopedia
9156:. CUA Press. p.
8846:, II-I, Q.106, art.4"
8816:, II-I, Q.107, art.2"
8616:, II-I, Q.93, art. 1"
8316:, II-I, Q.34., art.2"
8226:, supp., Q.93, art.1"
8122:, II-I, Q.109, art.2"
8072:Porter, Jean (1994).
7816:Summa contra Gentiles
7660:12 March 2013 at the
7325:Summa Contra Gentiles
7095:Summa Contra Gentiles
7067:, Bk. I, Lec. I, §10"
6881:Summa contra Gentiles
6773:28 April 2013 at the
6344:Summa contra Gentiles
6007:. But we do prove it
5841:Postquam sanctissimus
5579:Cracow Circle Thomism
5574:Cracow Circle Thomism
5296:
5235:
5206:
4892:
4741:
4695:
4606:, II-II, Q.40, art.1.
4591:
4427:
4363:
4306:
4291:of material things."
4159:Further information:
4128:
4108:teleological argument
3985:
3896:
3825:
3729:), and that which is
3643:
3556:Further information:
3399:Philosophy portal
3373:Problem of universals
3291:("Doctor Seraphicus")
3111:
3081:
2981:Philosophy portal
1911:
1870:Philosophy portal
1708:Charles Bridge statue
501:Summa contra Gentiles
362:Correspondence theory
14149:Western Christianity
14134:Christian philosophy
14012:Bohemian Reformation
13788:Western Roman Empire
13780:Christian traditions
13767:Western Christianity
13673:Doctor of the Church
13555:Ontological argument
12734:Ecce panis angelorum
11999:Critical rationalism
11706:Edo neo-Confucianism
11550:Acintya bheda abheda
11529:Renaissance humanism
11240:School of the Sextii
10614:Practical philosophy
10609:Political philosophy
10368:4 April 2016 at the
10008:chapter of his book
9936:on 28 September 2013
9693:on 27 September 2013
9470:on 27 September 2013
8714:, II-I, Q.91, art.4.
8686:, II-I, Q.95, art.1"
8663:, II-I, Q.91, art.2.
8586:, II-I, Q.90, art.4"
8436:, II-I, Q.24, art.4"
8406:, II-I, Q.24, art.1"
8376:, II-I, Q.24, art.2"
8286:, II-I, Q.22, art.3"
8092:, II-I, Q.62, art.2"
7945:4 April 2010 at the
7160:, II-I, Q.26, art.4"
6980:De aeternitate mundi
6711:De Principiis Naturæ
6242:5 April 2023 at the
5804:analytical tradition
5688:Aristotelian Thomism
5665:, preferably called
5647:River Forest Thomism
5641:River Forest Thomism
5563:Giovanni Ventimiglia
5360:Council of Trent to
5354:Denis the Carthusian
5116:Jewish philosophical
5015:Francisco de Vitoria
4897:,1471. Louvre, Paris
4862:cannot be made from
4743:"Whatever is in our
4681:Aquinas argues that
4583:Christian philosophy
4569:, formulated in the
4439:, I-II, Q.55, art.3.
4097:argument from degree
3672:De Principiis Naturæ
3295:Anselm of Canterbury
3249:("Doctor Angelicus")
3229:John Scotus Eriugena
3045:Doctor of the Church
2217:Second scholasticism
1807:Doctor of the Church
14050:Protestant theology
13909:Old Catholic Church
13794:in the 16th century
13500:Divine illumination
13156:Augustinian realism
13024:Theological virtues
12963:Catholic philosophy
12724:Creator ineffabilis
11570:Nimbarka Sampradaya
11481:Korean Confucianism
11228:Academic Skepticism
10400:5 June 2011 at the
10357:26 May 2011 at the
10325:(18 October 2009).
10139:5 June 2011 at the
10105:Reynolds, Stephen.
10016:5 June 2011 at the
9960:"The Cracow Circle"
9815:(15 October 2009).
9617:17 May 2014 at the
9426:on 22 February 2007
9070:. Op-stjoseph.org.
8980:. Op-stjoseph.org.
8920:. Op-stjoseph.org.
8890:. Op-stjoseph.org.
8758:. Op-stjoseph.org.
8719:4 July 2007 at the
8668:4 July 2007 at the
8558:. Op-stjoseph.org.
8346:, II-I, Q.2, art.6"
8256:, II-I, Q.5, art.5"
8202:, II-I, Q.5, art.1.
8180:, II-I, Q.5, art.3.
8047:, II-I, Q.3, art.1"
7994:, II-I, Q.3, art.2"
7910:De Ente et Essentia
7868:De Ente et Essentia
7655:, II-I, Q.3, art.1.
7300:De Ente et Essentia
6909:, II-I, Q.1, art.4"
6739:. Op-stjoseph.org.
6687:. Op-stjoseph.org.
6683:De Ente et Essentia
6634:De Ente et Essentia
6581:. Op-stjoseph.org.
6577:De Ente et Essentia
6524:. Op-stjoseph.org.
6520:De Ente et Essentia
6494:. Op-stjoseph.org.
6490:De Ente et Essentia
6441:De Ente et Essentia
6417:. Op-stjoseph.org.
6413:De Ente et Essentia
6348:. Op-stjoseph.org.
6320:De Ente et Essentia
6208:"Doctoris Angelici"
6188:Thomistic Institute
6171:School of Salamanca
6063:Catholic modernists
6015:separated intellect
5861:Non-physical entity
5820:Ludwig Wittgenstein
5759:ethical personalism
5683:University of Laval
5602:existential Thomism
5593:Existential Thomism
5421:Gaetano Sanseverino
5002:and his adherents.
4984:Bernard of Auvergne
4972:William Macclesfeld
4915:and a plurality of
4494:In accordance with
4467:theological virtues
4395:forma substantialis
4285:figurative language
4252:transcendent source
4173:is the same as His
4093:Argumentum ex gradu
4012:John the Evangelist
3961:, Aquinas defines "
3917:, II-I, Q.1, art.4.
3297:("Doctor Marianus")
3273:("The Commentator")
3255:("Doctor Subtilis")
2047:Liberation Theology
1948:Catholic philosophy
1797:School of Salamanca
658:St. Albertus Magnus
553:Creator ineffabilis
424:Aristotelian ethics
13985:Early Christianity
13894:Anglican Communion
13668:Islamic philosophy
13622:Trademark argument
13515:Formal distinction
13465:Augustinian values
13138:Analytical Thomism
13118:Christian humanism
12848:Analytical Thomism
12775:O salutaris hostia
12741:O sacrum convivium
12191:Post-structuralism
12093:Scientific realism
12048:Quinean naturalism
12028:Logical positivism
11984:Analytical Marxism
11203:Peripatetic school
11115:Chinese naturalism
10642:Aesthetic response
10569:Applied philosophy
10496:Corpus Thomisticum
10112:Project Canterbury
9420:, I, Q.46., art.1"
9335:. 24 December 2013
8735:Veritatis splendor
8021:Nicomachean Ethics
7772:, I., Q.10, art.2"
7682:, I, Q.14, art. 4"
7591:, I., Q.25, art.3"
7501:, I, Q.13, art. 7"
7471:, I, Q.13, art. 6"
7441:, I, Q.13, art. 1"
7411:, I, Q.13, art.11"
7065:Nicomachean Ethics
7037:Augustine of Hippo
7010:Nicomachean Ethics
6156:Alasdair MacIntyre
6093:Catholicism portal
6072:Nouvelle théologie
6042:proof by assertion
5824:Elizabeth Anscombe
5792:Analytical Thomism
5787:Analytical Thomism
5781:Analytical Thomism
5706:, associated with
5671:Charles De Koninck
5631:Eugene Fairweather
5446:John of St. Thomas
5376:Summa philosophica
5350:Albert the Great's
5278:St. Thomas Aquinas
5023:John of St. Thomas
4998:, particularly in
4949:William de la Mare
4899:
4801:into three parts:
4706:, I., Q.83, art.1.
4585:, the doctrine of
4338:specific qualities
4314:
4104:Argumentum ex fine
4060:Argumentum ex motu
3981:Augustine of Hippo
3954:Nicomachean Ethics
3868:(d) refers to the
3861:(c) refers to the
3854:(b) refers to the
3847:(a) refers to the
3558:Univocity of being
3347:Islamic philosophy
3267:("Doctor Eximius")
3209:Augustine of Hippo
3113:
2326:Gregory (of Nyssa)
2054:Christian Humanism
1924:
1725:Fiesole Altarpiece
1638:Analytical Thomism
672:Classical Thomists
593:O salutaris hostia
563:O sacrum convivium
467:Intrinsic finality
309:Apophatic theology
190:possibly contains
14091:
14090:
14055:Anglican theology
14045:Catholic theology
13964:
13963:
13922:Union of Scranton
13899:Anglo-Catholicism
13733:
13732:
13648:Catholic theology
13595:Seven deadly sins
13565:Peripatetic axiom
13475:Cartesian dualism
13210:
13209:
13176:Scotistic realism
13133:Neo-scholasticism
12929:
12928:
12843:Neo-scholasticism
12600:
12599:
12562:
12561:
12558:
12557:
12554:
12553:
12260:
12259:
12256:
12255:
12252:
12251:
11979:Analytic feminism
11951:
11950:
11913:Kierkegaardianism
11875:Transcendentalism
11835:Neo-scholasticism
11681:Classical Realism
11658:
11657:
11430:
11429:
11245:Neopythagoreanism
11002:
11001:
10998:
10997:
10619:Social philosophy
10055:Crouse, Robert D.
10031:Fairweather, E.R.
9598:978-0-226-03898-8
9392:. Newadvent.org.
9390:, I, Q.3, art. 7"
9100:. Newadvent.org.
9098:, I, Q.84, art.8"
9040:. Newadvent.org.
9038:, I, Q.84, art.7"
9010:. Newadvent.org.
9008:, I, Q.84, art.1"
8950:. Newadvent.org.
8948:, I, Q.16, art.6"
8848:. Newadvent.org.
8818:. Newadvent.org.
8788:. Newadvent.org.
8688:. Newadvent.org.
8618:. Newadvent.org.
8588:. Newadvent.org.
8528:. Newadvent.org.
8498:. Newadvent.org.
8468:. Newadvent.org.
8438:. Newadvent.org.
8408:. Newadvent.org.
8378:. Newadvent.org.
8348:. Newadvent.org.
8318:. Newadvent.org.
8288:. Newadvent.org.
8258:. Newadvent.org.
8228:. Newadvent.org.
8154:. Newadvent.org.
8124:. Newadvent.org.
8094:. Newadvent.org.
8049:. Newadvent.org.
7996:. Newadvent.org.
7966:. Newadvent.org.
7964:, I, Q.75, art.6"
7844:. Newadvent.org.
7818:, Bk. I, chp. 30.
7774:. Newadvent.org.
7744:. Newadvent.org.
7714:. Newadvent.org.
7684:. Newadvent.org.
7626:. Newadvent.org.
7593:. Newadvent.org.
7563:. Newadvent.org.
7533:. Newadvent.org.
7503:. Newadvent.org.
7473:. Newadvent.org.
7443:. Newadvent.org.
7413:. Newadvent.org.
7383:. Newadvent.org.
7353:. Newadvent.org.
7351:, I, Q.49, art.2"
7251:. Newadvent.org.
7221:. Newadvent.org.
7219:, I, Q.20, art.1"
7162:. Newadvent.org.
7132:. Newadvent.org.
7099:. Dhspriory.org.
7069:. Dhspriory.org.
7014:. Dhspriory.org.
6984:. Dhspriory.org.
6954:. Newadvent.org.
6952:, I, Q.46, art.2"
6911:. Newadvent.org.
6855:. Dhspriory.org.
6829:. Dhspriory.org.
6799:. Newadvent.org.
6797:, I, Q.44, art.1"
6638:. Dhspriory.org.
6607:, I, Q.75, art.5.
6393:978-0-8010-5815-8
6296:. Newadvent.org.
6237:, I, Q.85, art.2.
6126:Catholic theology
6107:Philosophy portal
5958:of the composite.
5843:of 27 July 1914,
5659:epistemologically
5635:John F. X. Knasas
5523:Neo-scholasticism
5507:John F. X. Knasas
5391:Neo-Scholasticism
5194:mind–body dualism
5007:Giovanni Capreolo
5000:William of Ockham
4976:Giles of Lessines
4925:condemned in 1277
4917:substantial forms
4761:peripatetic axiom
4644:moral imperatives
4193:, and He must be
4000:, I, Q.48, art.1.
3540:. Therefore, any
3447:
3446:
3362:Neo-scholasticism
3342:Catholic theology
3259:William of Ockham
3073:Doctoris Angelici
3062:medieval theology
3039:(1225–1274), the
3018:
3017:
2951:
2950:
2836:Garrigou-Lagrange
2145:Divine Attributes
1906:
1905:
1802:Catholic theology
1663:Index Thomisticus
1619:Neo-scholasticism
1327:Garrigou-Lagrange
541:Hymns and prayers
412:Peripatetic axiom
319:Divine simplicity
253:
252:
245:
235:
234:
227:
192:original research
173:
172:
165:
147:
70:
16:(Redirected from
14156:
14081:
14080:
14000:East–West Schism
13972:
13917:Union of Utrecht
13808:
13807:
13760:
13753:
13746:
13737:
13736:
13723:
13722:
13721:
13711:
13710:
13535:Homo unius libri
13480:Cogito, ergo sum
13470:Cardinal virtues
13171:Moderate realism
13063:
13062:
13053:
13052:
13047:
13046:
13041:
13040:
12979:Cardinal virtues
12956:
12949:
12942:
12933:
12932:
12919:
12918:
12801:Homo unius libri
12758:Sacris solemniis
12704:
12670:Summa Theologiae
12627:
12620:
12613:
12604:
12603:
12589:
12588:
12577:
12576:
12575:
12292:
12291:
12283:
12282:
12266:
12265:
12156:Frankfurt School
12103:Transactionalism
12053:Normative ethics
12033:Legal positivism
12009:Falsificationism
11994:Consequentialism
11989:Communitarianism
11962:
11961:
11830:New Confucianism
11669:
11668:
11476:Neo-Confucianism
11441:
11440:
11250:Second Sophistic
11235:Middle Platonism
11078:
11077:
11019:
11018:
11008:
11007:
10851:Epiphenomenalism
10718:Consequentialism
10652:Institutionalism
10557:
10556:
10546:
10545:
10531:
10524:
10517:
10508:
10507:
10494:
10460:
10417:
10411:
10405:
10379:
10373:
10352:The introduction
10349:
10343:
10342:
10340:
10338:
10319:
10313:
10312:
10310:
10308:
10303:on 10 March 2012
10293:
10287:
10284:
10258:
10230:
10224:
10217:Jacques Maritain
10213:
10207:
10206:
10204:
10202:
10194:(2 March 2015).
10188:
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10096:
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10091:
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10045:
10044:
10027:
10021:
10004:faith and reason
10000:
9994:
9983:
9977:
9975:
9973:
9971:
9956:
9947:
9945:
9943:
9941:
9932:. Archived from
9921:
9915:
9913:
9911:
9909:
9894:
9888:
9886:
9884:
9882:
9867:
9861:
9859:
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9756:
9737:
9731:
9730:
9728:
9726:
9710:
9704:
9702:
9700:
9698:
9689:. Archived from
9682:
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9668:
9666:
9647:
9645:
9643:
9628:
9622:
9609:
9603:
9602:
9582:
9576:
9575:
9573:
9571:
9547:Oxford Handbooks
9538:
9532:
9531:
9520:. Priory Press.
9511:
9505:
9499:
9493:
9487:
9481:
9479:
9477:
9475:
9466:. Archived from
9460:
9454:
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9436:
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9431:
9412:
9406:
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8769:
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8301:
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8103:
8084:
8078:
8077:
8069:
8063:
8062:
8060:
8058:
8039:
8033:
8023:, Lec. 10, §130.
8016:
8010:
8009:
8007:
8005:
7986:
7980:
7979:
7977:
7975:
7956:
7950:
7933:
7927:
7906:
7900:
7864:
7858:
7857:
7855:
7853:
7842:, I, Q.1, art.9"
7834:
7828:
7812:
7806:
7803:
7797:
7794:
7788:
7787:
7785:
7783:
7764:
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7757:
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7734:
7728:
7727:
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7452:
7433:
7427:
7426:
7424:
7422:
7403:
7397:
7396:
7394:
7392:
7381:, I, Q.3, art.4"
7373:
7367:
7366:
7364:
7362:
7343:
7337:
7327:, Bk. III, Q.10.
7321:
7315:
7295:
7289:
7271:
7265:
7264:
7262:
7260:
7241:
7235:
7234:
7232:
7230:
7211:
7202:
7201:
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7182:
7176:
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7112:
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7083:
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7023:
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6963:
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6924:
6922:
6920:
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6813:
6812:
6810:
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6789:
6778:
6768:, I, Q.2, art.3.
6762:
6753:
6752:
6750:
6748:
6729:
6723:
6707:
6701:
6700:
6698:
6696:
6677:
6671:
6661:
6652:
6651:
6649:
6647:
6628:
6622:
6619:to be what it is
6601:
6595:
6594:
6592:
6590:
6571:
6565:
6564:
6562:
6560:
6545:
6539:
6537:
6535:
6533:
6514:
6508:
6507:
6505:
6503:
6484:
6478:
6468:, I, Q.3, art.4.
6462:
6453:
6437:
6431:
6430:
6428:
6426:
6407:
6398:
6397:
6381:
6368:
6362:
6361:
6359:
6357:
6338:
6332:
6316:
6310:
6309:
6307:
6305:
6294:, I, Q.6, art.4"
6286:
6280:
6253:
6247:
6231:
6225:
6223:
6221:
6219:
6204:
6109:
6104:
6103:
6102:
6095:
6090:
6089:
6053:Bertrand Russell
5839:With the decree
5812:Bertrand Russell
5761:of writers like
5751:phenomenological
5716:Bernard Lonergan
5655:natural sciences
5615:Jacques Maritain
5325:Council of Trent
5281:
5231:G. K. Chesterton
5225:G. K. Chesterton
5220:
5121:Summa Theologica
5039:Francisco Suárez
4988:Thomas of Sutton
4937:Franciscan Order
4874:Aquinas shifted
4836:Summa Theologica
4764:
4708:
4608:
4560:consequentialist
4556:deontologicalist
4447:cardinal virtues
4441:
4409:
4350:substantial form
4281:sacred scripture
4265:Deus absconditus
4142:
4140:, I, Q.2, art.2.
4116:sacred mysteries
4047:Summa Theologica
4030:existence of God
4018:Existence of God
4002:
3938:, held that the
3919:
3884:infinite regress
3840:
3801:and therefore a
3772:substantial form
3676:
3600:informal fallacy
3493:terminology and
3439:
3432:
3425:
3409:
3408:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3337:Franciscan Order
3265:Francisco Suárez
3169:Summa Grammatica
3155:Summa Theologica
3088:
3087:
3057:Summa Theologica
3010:
3003:
2996:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2967:
2966:
2356:John of Damascus
2264:
2263:
2094:Moderate realism
2002:Cardinal virtues
1974:
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1969:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1957:
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1926:
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1918:
1898:
1891:
1884:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1856:
1855:
1847:
1713:Cortona Triptych
1357:von Donnersmarck
623:Pseudo-Dionysius
578:Sacris solemniis
514:
489:Summa Theologica
419:
388:
387:Substantial form
374:Substance theory
287:
262:
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40:
39:
32:
21:
14164:
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14153:
14109:Aristotelianism
14094:
14093:
14092:
14087:
14075:
14061:
14033:
13973:
13960:
13944:
13926:
13903:
13880:
13825:
13812:Catholic Church
13802:
13795:
13776:Cultural sphere
13769:
13764:
13734:
13729:
13719:
13717:
13705:
13697:
13658:Aristotelianism
13636:
13485:Dehellenization
13433:
13206:
13202:Foundationalism
13180:
13142:
13099:
13054:
13050:
13048:
13044:
13042:
13038:
13033:
13019:Social teaching
12965:
12960:
12930:
12925:
12913:
12905:
12902:(1632 painting)
12894:(1631 painting)
12886:(1323 painting)
12816:
12781:
12763:Panis angelicus
12719:Adoro te devote
12711:
12705:
12696:
12682:Treatise on Law
12636:
12631:
12601:
12596:
12573:
12571:
12550:
12514:
12414:
12376:
12323:
12277:
12276:
12248:
12237:Russian cosmism
12210:
12206:Western Marxism
12171:New Historicism
12136:Critical theory
12122:
12118:Wittgensteinian
12014:Foundationalism
11947:
11884:
11865:Social contract
11721:Foundationalism
11654:
11636:
11620:Illuminationism
11605:Aristotelianism
11591:
11580:Vishishtadvaita
11533:
11485:
11426:
11393:
11264:
11193:Megarian school
11188:Eretrian school
11129:
11090:Agriculturalism
11067:
11013:
10994:
10941:
10913:
10870:
10822:
10779:
10763:Incompatibilism
10732:
10704:
10656:
10628:
10551:
10540:
10535:
10492:
10489:
10457:
10425:
10423:Further reading
10420:
10412:
10408:
10402:Wayback Machine
10391:Wayback Machine
10380:
10376:
10370:Wayback Machine
10359:Wayback Machine
10350:
10346:
10336:
10334:
10320:
10316:
10306:
10304:
10295:
10294:
10290:
10281:
10263:Benedict Ashley
10237:Benedict Ashley
10231:
10227:
10214:
10210:
10200:
10198:
10189:
10185:
10176:
10172:
10146:Benedict Ashley
10141:Wayback Machine
10131:
10127:
10117:
10115:
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10099:
10089:
10087:
10052:
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10024:
10018:Wayback Machine
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9619:Wayback Machine
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9384:
9383:
9379:
9369:
9367:
9352:
9348:
9338:
9336:
9325:
9324:
9320:
9305:"Thomism"
9300:
9293:
9283:
9279:
9272:
9268:
9263:
9259:
9250:
9246:
9239:
9227:
9226:
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9215:
9211:
9204:
9190:
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9135:
9121:
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9092:
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9077:
9075:
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9057:
9047:
9045:
9032:
9031:
9027:
9017:
9015:
9002:
9001:
8997:
8987:
8985:
8972:
8971:
8967:
8957:
8955:
8942:
8941:
8937:
8927:
8925:
8918:, Q. 1, art. 3"
8912:
8911:
8907:
8897:
8895:
8882:
8881:
8877:
8869:
8865:
8855:
8853:
8840:
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8823:
8810:
8809:
8805:
8795:
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8779:
8775:
8765:
8763:
8754:
8753:
8749:
8744:Wayback Machine
8731:
8727:
8721:Wayback Machine
8709:
8705:
8695:
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8679:
8675:
8670:Wayback Machine
8652:Wayback Machine
8639:
8635:
8625:
8623:
8610:
8609:
8605:
8595:
8593:
8580:
8579:
8575:
8565:
8563:
8556:, Q. 23, art.7"
8550:
8549:
8545:
8535:
8533:
8520:
8519:
8515:
8505:
8503:
8490:
8489:
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8399:
8395:
8385:
8383:
8370:
8369:
8365:
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8353:
8340:
8339:
8335:
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8323:
8310:
8309:
8305:
8295:
8293:
8280:
8279:
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8235:
8233:
8220:
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8209:Wayback Machine
8197:
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8187:Wayback Machine
8175:
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8030:Wayback Machine
8017:
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8001:
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7983:
7973:
7971:
7958:
7957:
7953:
7947:Wayback Machine
7934:
7930:
7919:Wayback Machine
7907:
7903:
7885:the Commentator
7877:Wayback Machine
7865:
7861:
7851:
7849:
7836:
7835:
7831:
7825:Wayback Machine
7813:
7809:
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7691:
7689:
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7662:Wayback Machine
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7478:
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7448:
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7405:
7404:
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7388:
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7374:
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7360:
7358:
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7334:Wayback Machine
7322:
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7307:Wayback Machine
7296:
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7287:Wayback Machine
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7149:
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7137:
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7123:
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7091:
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7086:
7076:
7074:
7061:
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7056:
7051:Wayback Machine
7035:
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6806:
6804:
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6790:
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6775:Wayback Machine
6763:
6756:
6746:
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6720:Wayback Machine
6708:
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6614:Wayback Machine
6602:
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6475:Wayback Machine
6463:
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6450:Wayback Machine
6438:
6434:
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6422:
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6394:
6369:
6365:
6355:
6353:
6340:
6339:
6335:
6329:Wayback Machine
6317:
6313:
6303:
6301:
6288:
6287:
6283:
6267:Wayback Machine
6258:Summa Theologiæ
6254:
6250:
6244:Wayback Machine
6232:
6228:
6217:
6215:
6206:
6205:
6201:
6197:
6192:
6105:
6100:
6098:
6091:
6084:
6081:
6032:
5998:
5992:
5954:
5948:
5923:
5917:
5863:
5853:
5837:
5789:
5783:
5736:
5714:(1904–84), and
5708:Joseph Maréchal
5700:
5675:Benedict Ashley
5643:
5595:
5576:
5547:Martin Grabmann
5525:
5519:
5495:
5450:Martin Grabmann
5393:
5387:
5365:
5346:
5338:Dominican Order
5333:
5312:Dominican Order
5292:Dominican Order
5288:
5282:
5275:
5227:
5221:
5218:, Med. II, §13.
5213:
5166:
5159:
5137:Jewish theology
5112:
5104:Mind and Matter
5037:, particularly
5019:Domingo de Soto
5009:(1380–1444) or
4980:John of Quidort
4968:Albertus Magnus
4961:Jon Duns Scotus
4907:Bishop of Paris
4903:Stephen Tempier
4895:Benozzo Gozzoli
4872:
4765:
4755:
4740:
4709:
4701:
4679:
4660:Mosaic covenant
4621:
4619:Treatise on Law
4615:
4609:
4601:
4565:Of note is the
4513:beatific vision
4442:
4434:
4419:
4410:
4401:
4358:
4322:rational animal
4309:Summa Theologiæ
4301:
4163:
4157:
4148:problem of evil
4143:
4135:
4044:) found in the
4026:
4020:
4003:
3995:
3973:is nothing but
3949:
3920:
3912:
3899:The Philosopher
3863:efficient cause
3841:
3836:
3811:
3677:
3669:
3655:. The other is
3642:
3636:
3624:rational animal
3564:
3554:
3522:
3452:
3443:
3403:
3393:
3391:
3384:
3383:
3332:Dominican Order
3327:Aristotelianism
3315:
3307:
3306:
3277:Albertus Magnus
3242:
3234:
3233:
3204:
3196:
3195:
3149:
3141:
3140:
3121:
3066:Catholic Church
3035:and thought of
3014:
2985:
2975:
2973:
2961:
2953:
2952:
2947:
2946:
2945:
2780:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2590:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2400:
2392:
2391:
2390:
2270:
2261:
2251:
2250:
2158:
2150:
2149:
2079:
2069:
2068:
2042:Social teaching
1997:
1987:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1919:
1902:
1864:
1862:
1850:
1836:
1835:
1792:Dominican Order
1787:Aristotelianism
1782:
1781:
1772:
1771:
1732:
1698:1476 Altarpiece
1693:
1692:
1683:
1682:
1658:
1657:
1648:
1647:
1597:
1596:
1587:
1586:
1232:
1231:
1220:
1219:
675:
674:
663:
662:
608:
607:
598:
597:
583:Panis angelicus
548:Adoro te devote
543:
542:
533:
532:
510:
494:Treatise on Law
484:
483:
472:
471:
417:
386:
331:Beatific vision
299:
298:
249:
238:
237:
236:
231:
220:
214:
211:
196:
184:
180:
169:
158:
152:
149:
106:
104:
98:
94:primary sources
82:
41:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
14162:
14152:
14151:
14146:
14141:
14136:
14131:
14126:
14121:
14116:
14111:
14106:
14089:
14088:
14086:
14085:
14073:
14066:
14063:
14062:
14060:
14059:
14058:
14057:
14047:
14041:
14039:
14035:
14034:
14032:
14031:
14026:
14021:
14020:(16th century)
14015:
14014:(15th century)
14009:
14006:Western Schism
14003:
13997:
13992:
13987:
13981:
13979:
13975:
13974:
13967:
13965:
13962:
13961:
13959:
13958:
13952:
13950:
13946:
13945:
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13936:
13934:
13928:
13927:
13925:
13924:
13919:
13913:
13911:
13905:
13904:
13902:
13901:
13896:
13890:
13888:
13882:
13881:
13879:
13878:
13871:
13869:Pentecostalism
13866:
13861:
13856:
13851:
13846:
13841:
13835:
13833:
13827:
13826:
13824:
13823:
13817:
13815:
13805:
13797:
13796:
13774:
13771:
13770:
13763:
13762:
13755:
13748:
13740:
13731:
13730:
13728:
13727:
13715:
13702:
13699:
13698:
13696:
13695:
13690:
13685:
13680:
13675:
13670:
13665:
13660:
13655:
13650:
13644:
13642:
13638:
13637:
13635:
13634:
13629:
13624:
13619:
13618:
13617:
13612:
13602:
13597:
13592:
13587:
13582:
13577:
13572:
13567:
13562:
13560:Pascal's wager
13557:
13552:
13547:
13542:
13537:
13532:
13527:
13522:
13520:Guardian angel
13517:
13512:
13507:
13502:
13497:
13492:
13487:
13482:
13477:
13472:
13467:
13462:
13457:
13452:
13447:
13441:
13439:
13435:
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13416:
13411:
13406:
13401:
13396:
13391:
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13381:
13376:
13371:
13366:
13361:
13356:
13351:
13346:
13341:
13336:
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13326:
13321:
13316:
13311:
13306:
13301:
13296:
13291:
13286:
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13276:
13271:
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13256:
13251:
13246:
13241:
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13220:
13218:
13212:
13211:
13208:
13207:
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13168:
13163:
13158:
13152:
13150:
13144:
13143:
13141:
13140:
13135:
13130:
13125:
13120:
13115:
13109:
13107:
13101:
13100:
13098:
13097:
13092:
13087:
13082:
13077:
13075:Augustinianism
13071:
13069:
13060:
13056:
13055:
13036:
13034:
13032:
13031:
13026:
13021:
13016:
13011:
13006:
13001:
12996:
12991:
12986:
12984:Divine command
12981:
12975:
12973:
12967:
12966:
12959:
12958:
12951:
12944:
12936:
12927:
12926:
12924:
12923:
12910:
12907:
12906:
12904:
12903:
12895:
12887:
12879:
12878:
12877:
12872:
12862:
12857:
12850:
12845:
12840:
12838:Editio Leonina
12835:
12830:
12824:
12822:
12818:
12817:
12815:
12814:
12809:
12804:
12797:
12789:
12787:
12783:
12782:
12780:
12779:
12778:
12777:
12767:
12766:
12765:
12755:
12754:
12753:
12743:
12738:
12737:
12736:
12726:
12721:
12715:
12713:
12707:
12706:
12699:
12697:
12695:
12694:
12687:
12686:
12685:
12678:
12666:
12659:
12652:
12644:
12642:
12638:
12637:
12634:Thomas Aquinas
12630:
12629:
12622:
12615:
12607:
12598:
12597:
12595:
12594:
12582:
12567:
12564:
12563:
12560:
12559:
12556:
12555:
12552:
12551:
12549:
12548:
12543:
12538:
12533:
12528:
12522:
12520:
12516:
12515:
12513:
12512:
12507:
12502:
12497:
12492:
12487:
12482:
12477:
12472:
12467:
12462:
12457:
12452:
12447:
12446:
12445:
12435:
12430:
12424:
12422:
12416:
12415:
12413:
12412:
12407:
12402:
12397:
12392:
12386:
12384:
12382:Middle Eastern
12378:
12377:
12375:
12374:
12369:
12364:
12359:
12354:
12349:
12344:
12339:
12333:
12331:
12325:
12324:
12322:
12321:
12316:
12311:
12306:
12300:
12298:
12289:
12279:
12278:
12275:
12274:
12270:
12262:
12261:
12258:
12257:
12254:
12253:
12250:
12249:
12247:
12246:
12239:
12234:
12229:
12224:
12218:
12216:
12212:
12211:
12209:
12208:
12203:
12198:
12193:
12188:
12183:
12178:
12173:
12168:
12163:
12158:
12153:
12148:
12146:Existentialism
12143:
12141:Deconstruction
12138:
12132:
12130:
12124:
12123:
12121:
12120:
12115:
12110:
12105:
12100:
12095:
12090:
12085:
12080:
12075:
12070:
12065:
12060:
12055:
12050:
12045:
12040:
12035:
12030:
12025:
12020:
12011:
12006:
12001:
11996:
11991:
11986:
11981:
11976:
11974:Applied ethics
11970:
11968:
11959:
11953:
11952:
11949:
11948:
11946:
11945:
11940:
11938:Nietzscheanism
11935:
11930:
11925:
11920:
11915:
11910:
11909:
11908:
11898:
11892:
11890:
11886:
11885:
11883:
11882:
11880:Utilitarianism
11877:
11872:
11867:
11862:
11857:
11852:
11847:
11842:
11837:
11832:
11827:
11822:
11817:
11812:
11807:
11802:
11797:
11792:
11787:
11782:
11781:
11780:
11778:Transcendental
11775:
11770:
11765:
11760:
11755:
11745:
11744:
11743:
11733:
11728:
11723:
11718:
11716:Existentialism
11713:
11708:
11703:
11698:
11693:
11688:
11683:
11678:
11672:
11666:
11660:
11659:
11656:
11655:
11653:
11652:
11646:
11644:
11638:
11637:
11635:
11634:
11629:
11622:
11617:
11612:
11607:
11601:
11599:
11593:
11592:
11590:
11589:
11584:
11583:
11582:
11577:
11572:
11567:
11562:
11557:
11552:
11541:
11539:
11535:
11534:
11532:
11531:
11526:
11521:
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5755:Edmund Husserl
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5692:Ralph McInerny
5642:
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5623:existentialism
5606:Cornelio Fabro
5598:Étienne Gilson
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5575:
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5555:Cornelio Fabro
5521:Main article:
5518:
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5486:Cornelio Fabro
5433:Aeterni Patris
5418:secular priest
5410:Josef Kleutgen
5389:Main article:
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5383:Aeterni Patris
5380:
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5362:Aeterni Patris
5358:
5345:
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5174:René Descartes
5165:
5164:René Descartes
5162:
5158:
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5096:Walter Freeman
5058:Aeterni Patris
5043:Luis de Molina
5031:Salmanticenses
5011:Tommaso de Vio
4953:Henry of Ghent
4871:
4868:
4797:) divides the
4757:Thomas Aquinas
4753:
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4723:Luis de Molina
4699:
4685:between God's
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4666:; whereas the
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4271:Deus revelatus
4179:I Am that I Am
4161:Analogia entis
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4022:Main article:
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3455:Thomas Aquinas
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3068:. In the 1914
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13590:Rota Fortunae
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13478:
13476:
13473:
13471:
13468:
13466:
13463:
13461:
13458:
13456:
13453:
13451:
13448:
13446:
13445:Actus Essendi
13443:
13442:
13440:
13436:
13430:
13427:
13425:
13422:
13420:
13417:
13415:
13412:
13410:
13407:
13405:
13402:
13400:
13397:
13395:
13392:
13390:
13387:
13385:
13382:
13380:
13377:
13375:
13372:
13370:
13367:
13365:
13362:
13360:
13357:
13355:
13352:
13350:
13347:
13345:
13342:
13340:
13337:
13335:
13332:
13330:
13327:
13325:
13322:
13320:
13317:
13315:
13312:
13310:
13307:
13305:
13302:
13300:
13297:
13295:
13292:
13290:
13287:
13285:
13282:
13280:
13279:Chateaubriand
13277:
13275:
13272:
13270:
13267:
13265:
13262:
13260:
13257:
13255:
13252:
13250:
13247:
13245:
13242:
13240:
13237:
13235:
13232:
13230:
13227:
13225:
13222:
13221:
13219:
13217:
13213:
13203:
13200:
13198:
13195:
13193:
13190:
13189:
13187:
13183:
13177:
13174:
13172:
13169:
13167:
13166:Conceptualism
13164:
13162:
13159:
13157:
13154:
13153:
13151:
13149:
13145:
13139:
13136:
13134:
13131:
13129:
13126:
13124:
13121:
13119:
13116:
13114:
13111:
13110:
13108:
13106:
13102:
13096:
13093:
13091:
13088:
13086:
13083:
13081:
13080:Scholasticism
13078:
13076:
13073:
13072:
13070:
13068:
13064:
13061:
13057:
13030:
13029:Virtue ethics
13027:
13025:
13022:
13020:
13017:
13015:
13014:Seven virtues
13012:
13010:
13007:
13005:
13002:
13000:
12997:
12995:
12992:
12990:
12987:
12985:
12982:
12980:
12977:
12976:
12974:
12972:
12968:
12964:
12957:
12952:
12950:
12945:
12943:
12938:
12937:
12934:
12922:
12917:
12912:
12911:
12908:
12901:
12900:
12896:
12893:
12892:
12888:
12885:
12884:
12880:
12876:
12873:
12871:
12868:
12867:
12866:
12863:
12861:
12858:
12856:
12855:
12851:
12849:
12846:
12844:
12841:
12839:
12836:
12834:
12831:
12829:
12826:
12825:
12823:
12819:
12813:
12810:
12808:
12805:
12803:
12802:
12798:
12796:
12795:
12794:Actus Essendi
12791:
12790:
12788:
12784:
12776:
12773:
12772:
12771:
12768:
12764:
12761:
12760:
12759:
12756:
12752:
12749:
12748:
12747:
12744:
12742:
12739:
12735:
12732:
12731:
12730:
12727:
12725:
12722:
12720:
12717:
12716:
12714:
12708:
12703:
12693:
12692:
12688:
12684:
12683:
12679:
12677:
12674:
12673:
12672:
12671:
12667:
12665:
12664:
12660:
12658:
12657:
12653:
12651:
12650:
12646:
12645:
12643:
12639:
12635:
12628:
12623:
12621:
12616:
12614:
12609:
12608:
12605:
12593:
12592:
12583:
12581:
12580:
12569:
12568:
12565:
12547:
12544:
12542:
12539:
12537:
12534:
12532:
12529:
12527:
12524:
12523:
12521:
12519:Miscellaneous
12517:
12511:
12508:
12506:
12503:
12501:
12498:
12496:
12493:
12491:
12488:
12486:
12483:
12481:
12478:
12476:
12473:
12471:
12468:
12466:
12463:
12461:
12458:
12456:
12453:
12451:
12448:
12444:
12441:
12440:
12439:
12436:
12434:
12431:
12429:
12426:
12425:
12423:
12421:
12417:
12411:
12408:
12406:
12403:
12401:
12398:
12396:
12393:
12391:
12388:
12387:
12385:
12383:
12379:
12373:
12370:
12368:
12365:
12363:
12360:
12358:
12355:
12353:
12350:
12348:
12345:
12343:
12340:
12338:
12335:
12334:
12332:
12330:
12326:
12320:
12317:
12315:
12312:
12310:
12307:
12305:
12302:
12301:
12299:
12297:
12293:
12290:
12288:
12284:
12280:
12272:
12271:
12267:
12263:
12245:
12244:
12240:
12238:
12235:
12233:
12230:
12228:
12225:
12223:
12220:
12219:
12217:
12215:Miscellaneous
12213:
12207:
12204:
12202:
12201:Structuralism
12199:
12197:
12194:
12192:
12189:
12187:
12186:Postmodernism
12184:
12182:
12179:
12177:
12176:Phenomenology
12174:
12172:
12169:
12167:
12164:
12162:
12159:
12157:
12154:
12152:
12149:
12147:
12144:
12142:
12139:
12137:
12134:
12133:
12131:
12129:
12125:
12119:
12116:
12114:
12113:Vienna Circle
12111:
12109:
12106:
12104:
12101:
12099:
12096:
12094:
12091:
12089:
12086:
12084:
12081:
12079:
12076:
12074:
12071:
12069:
12066:
12064:
12061:
12059:
12056:
12054:
12051:
12049:
12046:
12044:
12043:Moral realism
12041:
12039:
12036:
12034:
12031:
12029:
12026:
12024:
12021:
12019:
12015:
12012:
12010:
12007:
12005:
12002:
12000:
11997:
11995:
11992:
11990:
11987:
11985:
11982:
11980:
11977:
11975:
11972:
11971:
11969:
11967:
11963:
11960:
11958:
11954:
11944:
11941:
11939:
11936:
11934:
11931:
11929:
11926:
11924:
11921:
11919:
11916:
11914:
11911:
11907:
11904:
11903:
11902:
11899:
11897:
11894:
11893:
11891:
11887:
11881:
11878:
11876:
11873:
11871:
11868:
11866:
11863:
11861:
11858:
11856:
11853:
11851:
11848:
11846:
11845:Phenomenology
11843:
11841:
11838:
11836:
11833:
11831:
11828:
11826:
11823:
11821:
11818:
11816:
11813:
11811:
11808:
11806:
11803:
11801:
11798:
11796:
11793:
11791:
11788:
11786:
11785:Individualism
11783:
11779:
11776:
11774:
11771:
11769:
11766:
11764:
11761:
11759:
11756:
11754:
11751:
11750:
11749:
11746:
11742:
11739:
11738:
11737:
11734:
11732:
11729:
11727:
11724:
11722:
11719:
11717:
11714:
11712:
11709:
11707:
11704:
11702:
11699:
11697:
11694:
11692:
11689:
11687:
11684:
11682:
11679:
11677:
11674:
11673:
11670:
11667:
11665:
11661:
11651:
11650:Judeo-Islamic
11648:
11647:
11645:
11643:
11639:
11633:
11630:
11628:
11627:
11626:ʿIlm al-Kalām
11623:
11621:
11618:
11616:
11613:
11611:
11608:
11606:
11603:
11602:
11600:
11598:
11594:
11588:
11585:
11581:
11578:
11576:
11575:Shuddhadvaita
11573:
11571:
11568:
11566:
11563:
11561:
11558:
11556:
11553:
11551:
11548:
11547:
11546:
11543:
11542:
11540:
11536:
11530:
11527:
11525:
11522:
11520:
11517:
11515:
11512:
11510:
11509:Scholasticism
11507:
11505:
11502:
11500:
11497:
11496:
11494:
11492:
11488:
11482:
11479:
11477:
11474:
11472:
11469:
11467:
11464:
11462:
11459:
11457:
11454:
11452:
11449:
11448:
11446:
11442:
11439:
11437:
11433:
11423:
11420:
11418:
11415:
11413:
11410:
11408:
11405:
11404:
11402:
11400:
11396:
11388:
11385:
11383:
11380:
11378:
11375:
11373:
11370:
11368:
11365:
11363:
11360:
11358:
11355:
11353:
11350:
11348:
11345:
11344:
11343:
11340:
11336:
11333:
11331:
11328:
11327:
11326:
11323:
11319:
11316:
11314:
11311:
11309:
11306:
11304:
11301:
11299:
11296:
11294:
11291:
11289:
11286:
11284:
11281:
11280:
11279:
11276:
11275:
11273:
11271:
11267:
11261:
11258:
11256:
11253:
11251:
11248:
11246:
11243:
11241:
11238:
11236:
11233:
11229:
11226:
11224:
11221:
11219:
11216:
11214:
11211:
11210:
11209:
11206:
11204:
11201:
11199:
11196:
11194:
11191:
11189:
11186:
11184:
11181:
11179:
11176:
11172:
11169:
11167:
11164:
11162:
11159:
11157:
11154:
11152:
11149:
11148:
11147:
11144:
11143:
11141:
11139:
11136:
11132:
11126:
11123:
11121:
11118:
11116:
11113:
11111:
11108:
11106:
11103:
11101:
11098:
11096:
11093:
11091:
11088:
11087:
11085:
11083:
11079:
11076:
11074:
11070:
11062:
11059:
11057:
11054:
11052:
11049:
11047:
11044:
11042:
11039:
11038:
11037:
11034:
11032:
11029:
11028:
11026:
11024:
11020:
11016:
11009:
11005:
10991:
10988:
10986:
10983:
10981:
10978:
10976:
10973:
10971:
10968:
10966:
10963:
10961:
10960:Conceptualism
10958:
10956:
10953:
10952:
10950:
10948:
10944:
10938:
10935:
10933:
10930:
10928:
10925:
10924:
10922:
10920:
10916:
10910:
10907:
10905:
10902:
10900:
10897:
10895:
10892:
10890:
10889:Particularism
10887:
10885:
10882:
10881:
10879:
10877:
10873:
10867:
10864:
10862:
10859:
10857:
10856:Functionalism
10854:
10852:
10849:
10847:
10844:
10842:
10841:Eliminativism
10839:
10837:
10834:
10833:
10831:
10829:
10825:
10819:
10816:
10814:
10811:
10809:
10806:
10804:
10801:
10799:
10796:
10794:
10791:
10790:
10788:
10786:
10782:
10776:
10773:
10769:
10766:
10765:
10764:
10761:
10757:
10754:
10753:
10752:
10749:
10747:
10746:Compatibilism
10744:
10743:
10741:
10739:
10735:
10729:
10726:
10724:
10721:
10719:
10716:
10715:
10713:
10711:
10707:
10701:
10698:
10696:
10693:
10691:
10688:
10686:
10685:Particularism
10683:
10681:
10678:
10676:
10673:
10671:
10668:
10667:
10665:
10663:
10659:
10653:
10650:
10648:
10645:
10643:
10640:
10639:
10637:
10635:
10631:
10625:
10622:
10620:
10617:
10615:
10612:
10610:
10607:
10605:
10602:
10600:
10597:
10595:
10592:
10590:
10587:
10585:
10582:
10580:
10577:
10575:
10572:
10570:
10567:
10566:
10564:
10562:
10558:
10554:
10547:
10543:
10539:
10532:
10527:
10525:
10520:
10518:
10513:
10512:
10509:
10503:
10500:
10497:
10491:
10490:
10482:
10478:
10475:
10473:
10470:
10467:
10466:
10462:
10458:
10456:9781304416186
10452:
10448:
10447:
10442:
10438:
10436:
10432:
10431:
10427:
10426:
10415:
10410:
10403:
10399:
10396:
10392:
10388:
10385:
10384:
10378:
10371:
10367:
10364:
10360:
10356:
10353:
10348:
10332:
10328:
10324:
10318:
10302:
10298:
10292:
10282:
10280:9780888448125
10276:
10272:
10268:
10264:
10260:
10256:
10252:
10248:
10244:
10243:
10238:
10234:
10233:
10229:
10222:
10218:
10212:
10197:
10193:
10192:Feser, Edward
10187:
10180:
10174:
10165:
10161:
10157:
10153:
10152:
10147:
10142:
10138:
10135:
10129:
10114:
10113:
10108:
10101:
10086:
10082:
10078:
10074:
10070:
10066:
10065:
10060:
10056:
10050:
10042:
10038:
10037:
10032:
10026:
10019:
10015:
10012:
10011:
10005:
9999:
9992:
9988:
9982:
9965:
9961:
9955:
9953:
9935:
9931:
9926:
9920:
9903:
9899:
9893:
9876:
9872:
9866:
9849:
9845:
9839:
9822:
9818:
9814:
9808:
9806:
9804:
9802:
9800:
9798:
9796:
9794:
9792:
9790:
9788:
9786:
9784:
9782:
9780:
9778:
9770:
9766:
9761:
9754:
9750:
9746:
9742:
9736:
9720:
9716:
9709:
9692:
9688:
9681:
9674:
9660:
9656:
9651:
9637:
9633:
9627:
9620:
9616:
9613:
9608:
9600:
9594:
9590:
9589:
9581:
9566:
9560:
9556:
9552:
9548:
9544:
9537:
9529:
9527:9780840120410
9523:
9519:
9518:
9510:
9503:
9498:
9492:
9486:
9469:
9465:
9459:
9452:
9451:
9446:
9441:
9425:
9421:
9419:
9411:
9395:
9391:
9389:
9381:
9365:
9361:
9359:
9350:
9334:
9333:
9328:
9322:
9313:
9312:
9306:
9298:
9296:
9289:
9288:
9285:Gyula Klima,
9281:
9275:
9270:
9261:
9255:
9254:
9248:
9240:
9238:9789004108318
9234:
9230:
9224:
9218:
9213:
9205:
9203:9780865544369
9199:
9195:
9188:
9182:
9177:
9169:
9167:9780813213866
9163:
9159:
9154:
9153:
9144:
9136:
9134:9781317346012
9130:
9126:
9119:
9103:
9099:
9097:
9089:
9073:
9069:
9067:
9059:
9043:
9039:
9037:
9029:
9013:
9009:
9007:
8999:
8983:
8979:
8977:
8969:
8953:
8949:
8947:
8939:
8923:
8919:
8917:
8909:
8893:
8889:
8887:
8879:
8872:
8867:
8851:
8847:
8845:
8837:
8821:
8817:
8815:
8807:
8791:
8787:
8785:
8777:
8761:
8757:
8751:
8745:
8741:
8738:
8736:
8729:
8722:
8718:
8715:
8713:
8707:
8691:
8687:
8685:
8677:
8671:
8667:
8664:
8662:
8657:
8653:
8649:
8646:
8642:
8637:
8621:
8617:
8615:
8607:
8591:
8587:
8585:
8577:
8561:
8557:
8555:
8547:
8531:
8527:
8525:
8517:
8501:
8497:
8495:
8487:
8471:
8467:
8465:
8457:
8441:
8437:
8435:
8427:
8411:
8407:
8405:
8397:
8381:
8377:
8375:
8367:
8351:
8347:
8345:
8337:
8321:
8317:
8315:
8307:
8291:
8287:
8285:
8277:
8261:
8257:
8255:
8247:
8231:
8227:
8225:
8217:
8210:
8206:
8203:
8201:
8195:
8188:
8184:
8181:
8179:
8173:
8157:
8153:
8151:
8143:
8127:
8123:
8121:
8113:
8097:
8093:
8091:
8083:
8075:
8068:
8052:
8048:
8046:
8038:
8031:
8027:
8024:
8022:
8015:
7999:
7995:
7993:
7985:
7969:
7965:
7963:
7955:
7948:
7944:
7941:
7939:
7932:
7924:
7920:
7916:
7913:
7911:
7905:
7898:
7897:
7892:
7891:
7886:
7882:
7878:
7874:
7871:
7869:
7863:
7847:
7843:
7841:
7833:
7826:
7822:
7819:
7817:
7811:
7802:
7793:
7777:
7773:
7771:
7763:
7747:
7743:
7741:
7733:
7717:
7713:
7711:
7703:
7687:
7683:
7681:
7673:
7671:
7663:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7648:
7646:
7629:
7625:
7623:
7615:
7613:
7596:
7592:
7590:
7582:
7566:
7562:
7560:
7552:
7536:
7532:
7530:
7522:
7506:
7502:
7500:
7492:
7476:
7472:
7470:
7462:
7446:
7442:
7440:
7432:
7416:
7412:
7410:
7402:
7386:
7382:
7380:
7372:
7356:
7352:
7350:
7342:
7335:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7320:
7313:
7312:Quinquae viae
7309:
7308:
7304:
7301:
7294:
7288:
7284:
7281:
7277:
7276:
7270:
7254:
7250:
7248:
7240:
7224:
7220:
7218:
7210:
7208:
7191:
7187:
7181:
7165:
7161:
7159:
7151:
7135:
7131:
7129:
7121:
7119:
7102:
7098:
7096:
7088:
7072:
7068:
7066:
7058:
7052:
7048:
7045:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7017:
7013:
7011:
7003:
6987:
6983:
6981:
6973:
6957:
6953:
6951:
6943:
6936:
6930:
6914:
6910:
6908:
6900:
6892:
6888:
6887:dhspriory.org
6884:
6883:, II, chp.15"
6882:
6874:
6858:
6854:
6848:
6832:
6828:
6826:
6818:
6802:
6798:
6796:
6788:
6786:
6784:
6776:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6761:
6759:
6742:
6738:
6736:
6728:
6721:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6706:
6690:
6686:
6684:
6676:
6669:
6668:
6660:
6658:
6641:
6637:
6635:
6627:
6620:
6615:
6611:
6608:
6606:
6600:
6584:
6580:
6578:
6570:
6554:
6550:
6544:
6527:
6523:
6521:
6513:
6497:
6493:
6491:
6483:
6476:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6461:
6459:
6451:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6436:
6420:
6416:
6414:
6406:
6404:
6395:
6389:
6385:
6380:
6379:
6373:
6367:
6351:
6347:
6345:
6337:
6330:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6315:
6299:
6295:
6293:
6285:
6278:
6277:
6272:
6268:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6252:
6245:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6230:
6213:
6209:
6203:
6199:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6178:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6113:
6108:
6097:
6094:
6088:
6083:
6076:
6074:
6073:
6068:
6067:George Tyrell
6064:
6060:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6047:
6043:
6039:
6038:
6023:
6019:
6016:
6012:
6011:
6006:
6005:
6000:
5999:
5997:
5983:
5979:
5975:
5971:
5967:
5963:
5960:
5956:
5955:
5953:
5939:
5936:
5932:
5928:
5925:
5924:
5922:
5910:respectively.
5909:
5905:
5901:
5898:
5894:
5891:
5887:
5884:
5880:
5876:
5873:
5869:
5865:
5864:
5862:
5858:
5848:
5846:
5842:
5832:
5829:
5825:
5821:
5817:
5813:
5809:
5808:Gottlob Frege
5805:
5801:
5797:
5794:described by
5793:
5788:
5778:
5776:
5770:
5768:
5767:Karol Wojtyla
5764:
5760:
5756:
5752:
5748:
5744:
5740:
5731:
5728:
5725:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5710:(1878–1944),
5709:
5705:
5695:
5693:
5689:
5684:
5680:
5679:Laval Thomism
5676:
5672:
5668:
5664:
5660:
5656:
5652:
5649:(named after
5648:
5645:According to
5638:
5636:
5632:
5628:
5624:
5620:
5616:
5612:
5607:
5603:
5599:
5590:
5586:
5584:
5581:(named after
5580:
5571:
5568:
5567:actus essendi
5564:
5560:
5556:
5552:
5548:
5544:
5540:
5535:
5533:
5529:
5524:
5514:
5512:
5508:
5504:
5500:
5490:
5487:
5483:
5478:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5467:Edouard Hugon
5464:
5463:
5457:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5439:
5435:
5434:
5430:
5426:
5425:Pope Leo XIII
5422:
5419:
5415:
5411:
5408:
5404:
5400:
5399:
5392:
5385:to Vatican II
5384:
5379:
5377:
5373:
5372:
5363:
5357:
5355:
5351:
5341:
5339:
5328:
5326:
5320:
5317:
5313:
5308:
5306:
5300:
5295:
5293:
5279:
5272:
5269:
5263:
5261:
5260:William James
5257:
5253:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5234:
5232:
5219:
5217:
5210:
5205:
5203:
5199:
5195:
5192:doctrines of
5191:
5188:in 1641. The
5187:
5186:
5181:
5180:
5175:
5171:
5170:modern period
5161:
5154:
5152:
5151:
5146:
5142:
5138:
5134:
5129:
5127:
5123:
5122:
5117:
5107:
5105:
5101:
5100:neurodynamics
5097:
5092:
5088:
5086:
5085:Ressourcement
5082:
5081:
5076:
5072:
5068:
5064:
5060:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5040:
5036:
5032:
5028:
5027:Domingo Báñez
5024:
5020:
5016:
5012:
5008:
5003:
5001:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4981:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4964:
4962:
4958:
4957:Giles of Rome
4954:
4950:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4934:
4930:
4926:
4922:
4918:
4914:
4913:
4908:
4904:
4896:
4891:
4887:
4885:
4881:
4877:
4876:Scholasticism
4867:
4865:
4861:
4857:
4853:
4848:
4846:
4842:
4838:
4837:
4832:
4828:
4824:
4820:
4816:
4812:
4808:
4804:
4800:
4796:
4792:
4791:
4785:
4783:
4779:
4775:
4771:
4762:
4758:
4752:
4750:
4746:
4735:
4733:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4716:
4715:Domingo Báñez
4707:
4705:
4698:
4694:
4692:
4688:
4684:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4665:
4661:
4656:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4638:
4635:
4632:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4624:
4620:
4607:
4605:
4598:
4596:
4590:
4588:
4584:
4580:
4576:
4572:
4568:
4563:
4561:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4544:circumstances
4540:
4537:
4533:
4529:
4525:
4521:
4516:
4514:
4509:
4505:
4501:
4497:
4492:
4490:
4487:). These are
4486:
4485:
4480:
4476:
4472:
4468:
4464:
4460:
4456:
4452:
4448:
4440:
4438:
4431:
4426:
4424:
4414:
4408:
4406:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4372:
4368:
4362:
4353:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4311:
4310:
4305:
4296:
4292:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4277:
4273:
4272:
4267:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4253:
4247:
4245:
4240:
4238:
4237:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4168:
4162:
4152:
4149:
4141:
4139:
4132:
4127:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4087:
4083:
4079:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4065:
4064:unmoved mover
4061:
4057:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4052:I, Q.2, art.3
4049:
4048:
4043:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4025:
4024:Quinquae viae
4015:
4013:
4008:
4001:
3999:
3992:
3989:
3984:
3982:
3978:
3977:
3976:privatio boni
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3955:
3944:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3924:
3918:
3916:
3909:
3907:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3871:
3867:
3864:
3860:
3857:
3853:
3850:
3846:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3833:
3830:
3824:
3822:
3821:
3816:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3752:
3747:
3745:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3724:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3688:
3683:
3675:
3673:
3666:
3664:
3663:secundum quid
3660:
3659:
3654:
3650:
3649:
3641:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3594:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3563:
3559:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3517:
3515:
3513:
3507:
3502:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3481:(i.e. unlike
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3440:
3435:
3433:
3428:
3426:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3400:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3387:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3317:
3311:
3310:
3302:
3301:Peter Abelard
3299:
3296:
3293:
3290:
3287:
3284:
3283:Peter Lombard
3281:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3269:
3266:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3254:
3251:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3238:
3237:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3176:Summa logicae
3173:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3162:Cur Deus Homo
3159:
3157:
3156:
3152:
3151:
3145:
3144:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3110:
3106:
3105:
3102:
3101:Scholasticism
3099:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3025:philosophical
3022:
3011:
3006:
3004:
2999:
2997:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2956:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2776:
2775:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2641:Chateaubriand
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2586:
2585:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2506:Gundissalinus
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2396:
2395:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2254:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2212:Scholasticism
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2202:Ressourcement
2200:
2198:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2146:
2143:
2139:
2138:Compatibilism
2136:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2084:Conceptualism
2082:
2081:
2078:
2073:
2072:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2059:Virtue ethics
2057:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1914:
1910:
1899:
1894:
1892:
1887:
1885:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1861:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1776:
1775:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1703:Carafa Chapel
1701:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1687:
1686:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1652:
1651:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1625:Æterni Patris
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1591:
1590:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
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643:Peter Lombard
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631:
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628:St. Augustine
626:
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351:Primum Movens
348:
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344:Actus essendi
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114: –
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84:
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13995:Latin Church
13873:
13821:Latin Church
13784:Latin Church
13663:Neoplatonism
13585:Ressentiment
13580:Quinque viae
13545:Memento mori
13505:Double truth
13450:Actus primus
13216:Philosophers
13123:Cartesianism
13084:
12897:
12889:
12881:
12852:
12832:
12799:
12792:
12689:
12680:
12676:Quinque viae
12668:
12661:
12654:
12647:
12584:
12570:
12241:
12232:Postcritique
12222:Kyoto School
12181:Posthumanism
12161:Hermeneutics
12016: /
11957:Contemporary
11933:Newtonianism
11896:Cartesianism
11855:Reductionism
11691:Conservatism
11686:Collectivism
11624:
11513:
11352:Sarvāstivadā
11330:Anekantavada
11255:Neoplatonism
11223:Epicureanism
11156:Pythagoreans
11095:Confucianism
11061:Contemporary
11051:Early modern
10955:Anti-realism
10909:Universalism
10866:Subjectivism
10662:Epistemology
10464:
10449:. Lulu.com.
10445:
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6202:
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6141:Peter Kreeft
6136:Brian Davies
6070:
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6033:
6010:a posteriori
6008:
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5977:imagination.
5907:
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5796:John Haldane
5790:
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5627:Joseph Owens
5611:essentialism
5601:
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5511:Edward Feser
5502:
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5276:Chesterton,
5268:poached eggs
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4882:and towards
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4770:epistemology
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4738:Epistemology
4711:
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4622:
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4579:self-defense
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4507:
4504:divine grace
4493:
4489:supernatural
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4318:Aristotelian
4315:
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4299:Anthropology
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4038:quinque viae
4037:
4034:demonstrated
4027:
4009:
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3983:defined it.
3974:
3952:
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3897:
3878:Unlike many
3877:
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3856:formal cause
3855:
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3818:
3815:four subsets
3812:
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3646:
3644:
3620:Aristotelian
3609:
3596:Equivocation
3595:
3588:
3582:
3570:: univocal,
3565:
3523:
3512:participates
3511:
3503:
3491:Aristotelian
3453:
3371:
3357:Neoplatonism
3319:
3241:Philosophers
3188:
3181:
3174:
3167:
3160:
3153:
3125:
3082:
3072:
3070:motu proprio
3055:
3049:
3020:
3019:
2881:John Paul II
2806:Benedict XVI
2779:Contemporary
2259:Philosophers
2233:
2180:Cartesianism
2123:Quinque Viae
1830:Actus primus
1828:
1764:
1757:
1750:
1743:
1729:
1717:
1630:
1623:
1611:
1522:Sertillanges
1190:Benedict XIV
633:St. Boethius
528:Catena aurea
444:Determinatio
442:
431: /
399: /
377:
368:Hylomorphism
366:
349:
342:
335:
325:Quinque viae
323:
295:
239:
221:
212:
189:
159:
150:
140:
133:
126:
119:
107:
87:
63:
56:
50:
49:Please help
46:
29:
14008:(1378-1417)
13886:Anglicanism
13859:Lutheranism
13683:Rationalism
13678:Renaissance
13610:Augustinian
13495:Disputation
13490:Differentia
13455:Actus purus
13359:Malebranche
13274:Bonaventure
13009:Personalism
13004:Natural law
12999:Probabilism
12751:Tantum ergo
12712:and prayers
12227:Objectivism
12166:Neo-Marxism
12128:Continental
12038:Meta-ethics
12018:Coherentism
11923:Hegelianism
11860:Rationalism
11820:Natural law
11800:Materialism
11726:Historicism
11696:Determinism
11587:Navya-Nyāya
11362:Sautrāntika
11357:Pudgalavada
11293:Vaisheshika
11146:Presocratic
11046:Renaissance
10985:Physicalism
10970:Materialism
10876:Normativity
10861:Objectivism
10846:Emergentism
10836:Behaviorism
10785:Metaphysics
10751:Determinism
10690:Rationalism
10307:20 November
10201:25 November
10010:Le Thomisme
9453:, (I:2,15).
9430:20 November
9400:20 November
9370:20 November
9108:20 November
9078:20 November
9048:20 November
9018:20 November
8988:20 November
8958:20 November
8928:20 November
8916:De veritate
8898:20 November
8886:De veritate
8856:20 November
8826:20 November
8796:20 November
8766:20 November
8696:20 November
8656:natural law
8645:Romans 2:14
8626:20 November
8596:20 November
8566:20 November
8554:De veritate
8536:20 November
8506:20 November
8476:20 November
8446:20 November
8416:20 November
8386:20 November
8356:20 November
8326:20 November
8296:20 November
8266:20 November
8236:20 November
8162:20 November
8132:20 November
8102:20 November
8057:20 November
8004:20 November
7974:20 November
7890:Metaphysics
7852:20 November
7782:20 November
7752:20 November
7722:20 November
7692:20 November
7634:20 November
7601:20 November
7571:20 November
7541:20 November
7511:20 November
7481:20 November
7451:20 November
7421:20 November
7391:20 November
7361:20 November
7259:20 November
7229:20 November
7196:20 November
7170:20 November
7140:20 November
7107:20 November
7077:20 November
7022:20 November
6992:20 November
6962:20 November
6919:20 November
6863:20 November
6837:20 November
6825:Metaphysics
6807:20 November
6747:20 November
6735:De veritate
6695:20 November
6646:20 November
6589:20 November
6559:20 November
6532:20 November
6502:20 November
6425:20 November
6356:20 November
6304:20 November
6177:The Thomist
6166:Rule of law
6021:perfection.
5882:principles.
5845:Pope Pius X
5828:Peter Geach
5816:G. E. Moore
5763:Max Scheler
5712:Karl Rahner
5667:metascience
5663:metaphysics
5619:personalism
5505:(2003), by
5465:professors
5454:Pope Pius X
5063:opera omnia
4996:via moderna
4933:Middle Ages
4864:pure reason
4807:imagination
4795:On the Soul
4719:predestined
4631:Natural law
4552:moral value
4391:Scholastics
4387:dianoetikón
4379:aisthetikón
4236:actus purus
4227:omnipresent
4199:the Trinity
4183:Exodus 3:14
4167:view of God
4155:View of God
4120:the Trinity
4075:first cause
3967:final cause
3951:As per the
3940:temporality
3936:Bonaventure
3928:Middle Ages
3888:first cause
3870:final cause
3820:Metaphysics
3799:final cause
3744:metaphysics
3653:simpliciter
3648:substantial
3628:rationality
3583:Univocality
3568:predicating
3552:Predication
3546:incorporeal
3520:Metaphysics
3506:neoplatonic
3495:metaphysics
3289:Bonaventure
3253:Duns Scotus
3148:Major works
3077:Pope Pius X
3029:theological
2696:Malebranche
2556:Roscellinus
2501:Grosseteste
2461:Bonaventure
2281:Athenagoras
2077:Metaphysics
2037:Personalism
2032:Natural law
2027:Probabilism
1920: 1225
1656:Scholarship
1307:Fairweather
1229:Neo-Thomism
1205:de Boxadors
1110:Pallavicino
1105:Vallgornera
900:Mirabilibus
860:de Flandria
750:Benedict XI
573:Tantum ergo
438:Natural law
433:Theological
337:Actus purus
14098:Categories
13844:Anabaptism
13688:Empiricism
13510:Evil demon
13284:Chesterton
13161:Nominalism
13148:Universals
12989:Just price
12729:Lauda Sion
12526:Amerindian
12433:Australian
12372:Vietnamese
12352:Indonesian
11901:Kantianism
11850:Positivism
11840:Pragmatism
11815:Naturalism
11795:Liberalism
11773:Subjective
11711:Empiricism
11615:Avicennism
11560:Bhedabheda
11444:East Asian
11367:Madhyamaka
11347:Abhidharma
11213:Pyrrhonism
10980:Nominalism
10975:Naturalism
10904:Skepticism
10894:Relativism
10884:Absolutism
10813:Naturalism
10723:Deontology
10695:Skepticism
10680:Naturalism
10670:Empiricism
10634:Aesthetics
10538:Philosophy
10493:(in Latin)
9445:Maimonides
9339:16 January
8871:Ludwig Ott
7742:, I., Q.9"
7712:, I., Q.8"
7561:, I., Q.7"
7531:, I., Q.4"
7044:, chp. 11.
7042:Enchridion
6271:sed contra
6218:4 November
6195:References
5994:See also:
5952:Psychology
5950:See also:
5946:Psychology
5919:See also:
5890:accidental
5855:See also:
5480:While the
5475:Vatican II
5429:encyclical
5401:professor
5145:Maimonides
5087:theology.
5071:Neothomism
4878:away from
4860:deductions
4856:empiricism
4841:sed contra
4831:properties
4823:universals
4689:and human
4687:providence
4648:revelation
4640:Divine law
4518:Regarding
4455:temperance
4371:threptikón
4219:omnipotent
4124:revelation
3892:chain link
3782:/essence.
3731:in another
3727:substances
3698:"to be").
3658:accidental
3638:See also:
3612:definition
3572:analogical
3352:Empiricism
3321:Philosophy
3203:Precursors
2876:Hildebrand
2816:Chesterton
2681:La Mennais
2611:Bellarmine
2606:Azpilcueta
2551:Paschasius
2431:Autrecourt
2386:Tertullian
2346:Chrysostom
2286:Athanasius
2168:Victorines
2099:Nominalism
2007:Just price
1812:Empiricism
1567:Wilhelmsen
1452:Meinvielle
1262:Bouquillon
1010:de Granada
1005:Maldonatus
965:Catherinus
940:di Ferrara
905:Savonarola
875:Torquemada
800:Bradwardin
775:di Bologna
760:Winterburn
700:Innocent V
685:Saint-Cher
653:Maimonides
606:Influences
558:Lauda Sion
457:Just price
357:Sacraments
199:improve it
123:newspapers
90:references
52:improve it
13864:Methodism
13854:Calvinism
13839:Adventism
13803:divisions
13653:Platonism
13627:Univocity
13525:Haecceity
13404:Ratzinger
13369:Montaigne
13349:MacIntyre
13304:Dionysius
13299:Descartes
13259:Augustine
13113:Salamanca
12405:Pakistani
12367:Taiwanese
12314:Ethiopian
12287:By region
12273:By region
12088:Scientism
12083:Systemics
11943:Spinozism
11870:Socialism
11805:Modernism
11768:Objective
11676:Anarchism
11610:Averroism
11499:Christian
11451:Neotaoism
11422:Zurvanism
11412:Mithraism
11407:Mazdakism
11178:Cyrenaics
11105:Logicians
10738:Free will
10700:Solipsism
10647:Formalism
10337:2 January
10251:609421317
10160:609421317
10085:215266116
10077:0003-3286
9827:2 January
9725:2 January
9697:21 August
9474:21 August
7249:, I, Q.2"
6030:Criticism
5921:Cosmology
5915:Cosmology
5720:Cartesian
5661:prior to
5559:Tomáš Týn
5462:Angelicum
5438:Capréolus
5398:Angelicum
5371:Angelicum
5280:, p. 147.
5198:Aristotle
5190:Cartesian
5141:Aristotle
5133:Christian
5126:Avicebron
4941:Dominican
4884:Aristotle
4850:Aquinas'
4825:(such as
4815:remembers
4803:sensation
4745:intellect
4691:free will
4677:Free will
4548:intention
4528:Epicurean
4463:fortitude
4383:kinetikón
4346:accidents
4326:substance
4244:knowledge
4231:immutable
4203:substance
4191:accidents
4171:existence
4106:, or the
4095:, or the
4084:, or the
4042:five ways
3988:Dionysius
3959:Aristotle
3809:Causality
3768:actuality
3735:accidents
3723:in itself
3702:means an
3604:ambiguity
3576:equivocal
3487:Aristotle
3052:Aristotle
3041:Dominican
2896:MacIntyre
2856:Gutiérrez
2826:Copleston
2796:Balthasar
2651:Descartes
2511:Hildegard
2496:Gregory I
2471:Catherine
2421:Alexander
2371:Dionysius
2291:Augustine
2244:Salamanca
2118:Haecceity
2022:Casuistry
1557:Ušeničnik
1547:Taparelli
1507:Ripperger
1422:MacIntyre
1282:Copleston
1215:Gazzaniga
1195:De Rubeis
1150:Alexandre
1145:Massoulié
1015:Fernandes
935:Mazzolini
880:Bessarion
795:Paludanus
755:Fontaines
695:Penyafort
680:Cantimpré
613:Aristotle
203:verifying
112:"Thomism"
58:talk page
14038:Theology
13849:Baptists
13615:Irenaean
13605:Theodicy
13575:Quiddity
13438:Concepts
13364:Maritain
13334:Krasicki
13324:Gassendi
13314:Eriugena
13269:Boethius
13244:Anscombe
13234:Albertus
13128:Molinism
13095:Occamism
13067:Medieval
12994:Just war
12591:Category
12546:Yugoslav
12536:Romanian
12443:Scottish
12428:American
12357:Japanese
12337:Buddhist
12319:Africana
12309:Egyptian
12151:Feminist
12073:Rawlsian
12068:Quietism
11966:Analytic
11918:Krausism
11825:Nihilism
11790:Kokugaku
11753:Absolute
11748:Idealism
11736:Humanism
11524:Occamism
11491:European
11436:Medieval
11382:Yogacara
11342:Buddhist
11335:Syādvāda
11218:Stoicism
11183:Cynicism
11171:Sophists
11166:Atomists
11161:Eleatics
11100:Legalism
11041:Medieval
10965:Idealism
10919:Ontology
10899:Nihilism
10803:Idealism
10561:Branches
10550:Branches
10443:(2013).
10398:Archived
10387:Archived
10366:Archived
10355:Archived
10331:Archived
10255:Archived
10239:(2006).
10164:Archived
10148:(2006).
10137:Archived
10081:ProQuest
10057:(2003).
10014:Archived
9970:16 March
9964:Archived
9902:Archived
9875:Archived
9848:Archived
9821:Archived
9719:Archived
9665:7 August
9659:Archived
9636:Archived
9615:Archived
9394:Archived
9364:Archived
9102:Archived
9072:Archived
9066:De anima
9042:Archived
9012:Archived
8982:Archived
8976:De anima
8952:Archived
8922:Archived
8892:Archived
8850:Archived
8820:Archived
8790:Archived
8760:Archived
8740:Archived
8717:Archived
8690:Archived
8666:Archived
8648:Archived
8620:Archived
8590:Archived
8560:Archived
8530:Archived
8500:Archived
8470:Archived
8440:Archived
8410:Archived
8380:Archived
8350:Archived
8320:Archived
8290:Archived
8260:Archived
8230:Archived
8205:Archived
8183:Archived
8156:Archived
8126:Archived
8096:Archived
8051:Archived
8026:Archived
7998:Archived
7968:Archived
7943:Archived
7938:De anima
7923:Ibn Sīnā
7915:Archived
7896:quiddity
7881:Socrates
7873:Archived
7846:Archived
7821:Archived
7776:Archived
7746:Archived
7716:Archived
7686:Archived
7658:Archived
7628:Archived
7595:Archived
7565:Archived
7535:Archived
7505:Archived
7475:Archived
7445:Archived
7415:Archived
7385:Archived
7355:Archived
7330:Archived
7303:Archived
7283:Archived
7253:Archived
7223:Archived
7190:Archived
7164:Archived
7134:Archived
7101:Archived
7071:Archived
7047:Archived
7016:Archived
6986:Archived
6956:Archived
6913:Archived
6891:Archived
6857:Archived
6831:Archived
6801:Archived
6771:Archived
6741:Archived
6716:Archived
6689:Archived
6670:, Bk. I.
6667:De anima
6640:Archived
6610:Archived
6583:Archived
6553:Archived
6526:Archived
6496:Archived
6471:Archived
6446:Archived
6419:Archived
6374:(1998).
6350:Archived
6325:Archived
6322:, 67–68.
6298:Archived
6276:De anima
6263:Archived
6240:Archived
6212:Archived
6079:See also
6065:such as
6004:a priori
5981:analogy.
5896:subject.
5868:pure act
5857:Ontology
5851:Ontology
5775:idealism
5757:and the
5274:—
5256:Berkeley
5212:—
5176:' works
5053:Leo XIII
4790:De anima
4754:—
4732:Holy See
4727:Molinism
4700:—
4600:—
4587:Just War
4575:homicide
4532:pleasure
4502:without
4451:prudence
4433:—
4400:—
4375:oretikón
4367:dunámeis
4289:likeness
4283:employs
4225:itself,
4215:infinite
4209:itself,
4207:goodness
4134:—
4118:such as
4040:(Latin:
3994:—
3963:the good
3947:Goodness
3911:—
3835:—
3829:quiddity
3805:), etc.
3780:quiddity
3760:quiddity
3756:quiddity
3700:Quiddity
3687:quiddity
3668:—
3536:and the
3532:are the
3530:ontology
3483:skeptics
3450:Overview
3271:Averroes
3214:Boethius
3136:Occamism
3093:a series
3091:Part of
2911:Maritain
2886:Lonergan
2866:Guardini
2791:Anscombe
2766:Caramuel
2676:Krasicki
2671:Kołłątaj
2626:Brentano
2486:Eriugena
2451:Berengar
2399:Medieval
2351:Climacus
2331:Irenaeus
2301:Boethius
2296:Benedict
2239:Analytic
2207:Occamism
2197:Molinism
2175:Llullism
2104:Quiddity
2012:Just war
1940:a series
1938:Part of
1582:Zigliara
1577:Woodbury
1482:Piolanti
1447:McInerny
1437:Marshall
1432:Maritain
1427:Maréchal
1417:Lonergan
1407:Leo XIII
1382:Kleutgen
1332:Gauthier
1247:Arintero
1095:Molinier
1075:Riccardi
1050:Malvenda
1045:Verbeeck
1030:Duperron
1025:Porrecta
990:Senensis
985:Pelargus
945:Gaetanus
915:Gostynin
895:Almadura
865:Pierozzi
840:Dominici
825:Eymerich
815:Bromyard
790:Nédellec
785:Guidonis
745:Auvergne
730:Houghton
715:Moerbeke
705:Lessines
690:Beauvais
648:Averroes
638:Avicenna
618:St. Paul
452:Just war
429:Cardinal
401:accident
393:Quiddity
269:a series
267:Part of
14104:Thomism
13978:History
13786:in the
13641:Related
13429:Wojtyła
13409:Scheler
13354:Maistre
13344:Lombard
13329:Isidore
13309:Erasmus
13289:Clement
13254:Aquinas
13224:Abelard
13090:Scotism
13085:Thomism
13059:Schools
12833:Thomism
12821:Related
12786:Thought
12541:Russian
12510:Spanish
12505:Slovene
12495:Maltese
12490:Italian
12470:Finland
12438:British
12420:Western
12410:Turkish
12395:Islamic
12390:Iranian
12342:Chinese
12329:Eastern
12296:African
12243:more...
11928:Marxism
11758:British
11701:Dualism
11597:Islamic
11555:Advaita
11545:Vedanta
11519:Scotism
11514:Thomism
11456:Tiantai
11399:Persian
11387:Tibetan
11377:Śūnyatā
11318:Cārvāka
11308:Ājīvika
11303:Mīmāṃsā
11283:Samkhya
11198:Academy
11151:Ionians
11125:Yangism
11082:Chinese
11073:Ancient
11036:Western
11031:Ancient
10990:Realism
10947:Reality
10937:Process
10818:Realism
10798:Dualism
10793:Atomism
10675:Fideism
9642:29 June
9068:, §688"
7280:CCC 34.
6034:In his
5934:nature.
5724:Kantian
5653:), the
5442:Cajetan
5407:Jesuits
5286:History
5252:Bergson
5233:wrote:
5202:Aquinas
5067:ethical
5035:Jesuits
4935:). The
4827:species
4520:emotion
4479:charity
4459:justice
4389:). The
4330:essence
4260:analogy
4211:perfect
4201:is one
4175:essence
4032:can be
3906:. ii, 2
3817:in the
3803:purpose
3791:oneness
3704:essence
3592:health.
3589:Analogy
3479:realist
3471:Islamic
3314:Related
3131:Scotism
3126:Thomism
3120:Schools
3023:is the
3021:Thomism
2921:Mounier
2916:McLuhan
2871:Haldane
2811:Blondel
2761:Vitoria
2736:Rosmini
2711:Mercado
2706:Meinong
2701:Mariana
2691:Maistre
2686:Liguori
2666:Gracián
2661:Fénelon
2656:Erasmus
2636:Cajetan
2621:Bossuet
2596:Arnauld
2576:Thierry
2531:Lombard
2521:Isidore
2481:Eckhart
2466:Buridan
2456:Bernard
2436:Aquinas
2406:Abelard
2366:Maximus
2341:Cassian
2311:Cyprian
2306:Clement
2276:Ambrose
2269:Ancient
2234:Thomism
2229:Scotism
2157:Schools
2108:essence
2089:Realism
1977:Aquinas
1595:History
1497:Ramírez
1487:Pirotta
1442:Mascall
1402:Krąpiec
1397:Koninck
1377:Jolivet
1372:Inagaki
1352:Hawkins
1347:Grenier
1297:De Wulf
1237:Aertsen
1210:Mamachi
1185:Concina
1180:Leocata
1170:Plessis
1115:Nicolaï
1085:Poinsot
1080:Gravina
1070:Rispoli
1060:Álvarez
1040:Lessius
1035:Medices
960:Vitoria
955:Pagnino
950:Koellin
885:de Rupe
870:Cusanus
855:Sabunde
830:Calecas
820:Kydones
805:Holkott
780:Fiadoni
765:Colonna
710:Piperno
397:essence
395: (
376: (
296:Thomism
197:Please
137:scholar
18:Thomist
14002:(1054)
13949:Others
13632:Utopia
13424:Suárez
13414:Scotus
13399:Rahner
13389:Pascal
13379:Newman
13319:Ficino
13249:Anselm
13239:Alcuin
13105:Modern
12971:Ethics
12500:Polish
12480:German
12475:French
12460:Danish
12450:Canada
12400:Jewish
12362:Korean
12347:Indian
11889:People
11810:Monism
11763:German
11731:Holism
11664:Modern
11642:Jewish
11565:Dvaita
11538:Indian
11461:Huayan
11313:Ajñana
11270:Indian
11135:Greco-
11120:Taoism
11110:Mohism
11056:Modern
11023:By era
11012:By era
10927:Action
10808:Monism
10728:Virtue
10710:Ethics
10453:
10277:
10249:
10158:
10083:
10075:
9595:
9561:
9524:
9235:
9200:
9164:
9131:
8643:cites
6737:, Q.1"
6522:, 110"
6390:
6255:E.g.,
6121:Theism
5908:matter
5818:, and
5633:, and
5583:Kraków
5444:, and
5416:, and
5412:, and
5240:Hobbes
5041:, and
5025:, and
4990:. The
4959:, and
4945:studia
4929:Oxford
4870:Impact
4782:exists
4759:, the
4749:senses
4664:Christ
4477:, and
4461:, and
4449:to be
4423:virtue
4417:Ethics
4334:nature
4195:simple
4187:matter
3930:. The
3904:Metaph
3901:says (
3739:per se
3712:nature
3574:, and
3526:axioms
3475:Jewish
2941:Taylor
2931:Rahner
2926:Pieper
2906:Marion
2901:Marcel
2861:Dávila
2851:Girard
2846:Gilson
2831:Finnis
2821:Congar
2801:Barron
2751:Suárez
2731:Pascal
2726:Newman
2716:Molina
2646:Cortés
2631:Botero
2616:Bonald
2589:Modern
2571:Symeon
2561:Scotus
2546:Oresme
2541:Ockham
2536:Martin
2426:Anselm
2416:Alcuin
2411:Albert
2376:Origen
2361:Justin
2336:Jerome
2112:nature
1995:Ethics
1985:Ockham
1983:, and
1981:Scotus
1968:
1960:
1922:–1274)
1643:ICUSTA
1572:Wippel
1542:Tanaka
1492:Pius X
1462:Newman
1387:Knasas
1342:George
1322:Gardet
1312:Farrer
1292:Daujat
1287:Coreth
1277:Coffey
1272:Canals
1267:Bourke
1257:Barron
1252:Ashley
1242:Anquín
1155:Échard
1140:Quétif
1135:Bancel
1100:Torres
1090:Ripada
1000:Medina
925:Tetzel
920:Głogów
850:Gorkum
845:Gerson
835:Ferrer
810:Regina
770:Ymbert
740:Sutton
735:Apolda
725:Trilia
406:nature
314:Aseity
139:
132:
125:
118:
110:
13460:Aevum
13419:Stein
13384:Occam
13339:Llull
13264:Bacon
13229:Adler
13185:Other
12710:Hymns
12641:Books
12531:Aztec
12485:Greek
12465:Dutch
12455:Czech
12304:Bantu
11741:Anti-
11288:Nyaya
11278:Hindu
11138:Roman
10932:Event
10574:Logic
10118:6 May
10090:6 May
10071:(1).
10006:in a
9570:7 May
9418:Summa
9388:Summa
9360:, 49"
9096:Summa
9036:Summa
9006:Summa
8946:Summa
8844:Summa
8814:Summa
8784:Summa
8737:, 12.
8712:Summa
8684:Summa
8661:Summa
8658:, in
8614:Summa
8584:Summa
8524:Summa
8494:Summa
8464:Summa
8434:Summa
8404:Summa
8374:Summa
8344:Summa
8314:Summa
8284:Summa
8254:Summa
8224:Summa
8200:Summa
8178:Summa
8150:Summa
8120:Summa
8090:Summa
8045:Summa
7992:Summa
7962:Summa
7912:, 33.
7870:, 24.
7840:Summa
7770:Summa
7740:Summa
7710:Summa
7680:Summa
7653:Summa
7622:Summa
7589:Summa
7559:Summa
7529:Summa
7499:Summa
7469:Summa
7439:Summa
7409:Summa
7379:Summa
7349:Summa
7247:Summa
7217:Summa
7158:Summa
7128:Summa
6950:Summa
6907:Summa
6795:Summa
6766:Summa
6685:, 14"
6636:, 40"
6605:Summa
6579:, 18"
6492:, 17"
6466:Summa
6443:, 83.
6415:, 37"
6292:Summa
6235:Summa
5254:, to
5246:, to
5244:Hegel
5051:Pope
4845:error
4704:Summa
4604:Summa
4571:Summa
4558:or a
4536:Stoic
4484:agape
4471:faith
4437:Summa
4342:genus
4276:about
4181:" in
4138:Summa
4099:; and
3998:Summa
3915:Summa
3795:truth
3710:, or
3696:Latin
3682:being
3634:Being
3616:genus
3542:being
3467:Roman
3463:Greek
3459:truth
2936:Stein
2891:Lubac
2841:Geach
2786:Adler
2741:Sales
2601:Ávila
2566:Siger
2526:Llull
2491:Giles
2441:Bacon
2316:Cyril
1562:White
1552:Torre
1537:Stein
1532:Smith
1527:Simon
1512:Russo
1502:Régis
1477:Pegis
1472:Pecci
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