841:
102:"449. Pregnant women could not cut their hair, for they said that the children that they would bear would have no hair. When a woman is about to give birth, some men undress until they are stark naked. Then taking shields and catans, one takes his stand in the silong, and another on the ridge of the house, and they continually fence with the wind with their catans as long as the parturition lasts. I have removed some from this performance by force of punishment. They say that it is to keep the
123:, a spirit or ideal being, whose employment or amusement consists in preventing, by certain means peculiar to itself, the delivery of a woman in labour. To counteract the malignity of this spirit, the husband, fastening the door, reduces himself to a state of complete nudity, lights a fire, and arming himself with his sword, continues to flourish it furiously, until the woman is delivered."
228:
In local belief, various countermeasures are supposedly effective against the tiyanak. Those that were led astray by the creature's cries are believed to be able to break the enchantment by turning their clothes inside out. The tiyanak finds the method humorous enough to let go of the traveler and go
110:
away from the woman. These are witches among them who come to obstruct the success of the childbirth, and to suck out the souls of children; and the people act thus in order to prevent them. He who does not wish to have this observed in public, through fear of punishment, removes his wife to another
81:
that takes on the form of a toddler or baby. Although there are various types, it typically takes the form of a newborn baby and cries in the jungle to attract unwary travelers. Once it is picked up by an unfortunate passerby, it reverts to its true form and attacks the victim. The tiyanak is also
152:
coins. The same story says that a tiyanak is relatively immobile because one leg is shorter than the other. This deformity forces it to move by leaping and/or crawling rather than walking, making it difficult to hunt or stalk victims, but its ability to mimic an infant's cry compensates for this
178:
version, the tiyanak are described as regular babies who were lost in the wild. They are believed to be babies who died without a name, aborted or otherwise. It also is said that when the cry of a tiyanak sounds soft, one is actually nearby, and conversely if the cry sounds loud, it is actually
219:
that returned from death to seek revenge on those who deprived them of life. It is also said that
Tiyanak cannot go to the afterlife because of not having a name. This causes them to be Earth-bound creatures which wander around searching for someone to give them names.
136:
While various legends have slightly different versions of the tiyanak folklore, the stories all agree on its ability to mimic an infant, able to imitate an infant's cries for luring victims. In some legends, the
Tiyanak may take the form of a specific child.
94:. May the honor and glory be God our Lord's, that among all the Tagalos not a trace of this is left; and that those who are now marrying do not even know what it is, thanks to the preaching of the holy gospel, which has banished it."
807:
148:
and is similarly associated with the earth. In this version, the "true" form of the tiyanak is that of a little old man with wrinkled skin, a long beard and mustache, a flat nose and eyes the size of
196:
claim that the tiyanak is the spirit of a child whose mother died before giving birth. This caused it to be "born in the ground", thus gaining its current state. A similar supernatural creature in
588:
171:, the tiyanak are described as small, nut-brown people who don't walk on the ground but rather float on air. They have large noses, wide mouths, large fierce eyes and sharp voices.
90:"They had another deception—namely, that if any woman died in childbirth, she and the child suffered punishment; and that, at night, she could be heard lamenting. This was called
237:*rosemary* are also commonly believed to be effective against the tiyanak. It is also believed that giving a name to these lost souls will bring them peace, and offering a white
837:
215:. The tiyanak in the Catholic version were supposedly the souls of infants that died before being baptized. In modern-day Philippines, this definition has extended to that of
229:
back to the jungles. Loud noises such as a New Year's celebration are also thought to be enough to drive the tiyanak away from the vicinity. Objects believed to repel
1602:
1627:
1617:
1612:
550:
1231:
736:
829:
796:
156:
In yet another story it is seen supernaturally flying through the forest (still in the form of a baby) and in a legend from the island of
792:
973:
906:
968:
1668:
333:
The
Tiyanak is also featured as a monster, along with other Philippine folklore-inspired beings, in the Port Malaya patch of
278:
865:
846:
518:
Adelina Del
Rosario (1975). "Isang Pag-aaral ng mga kuwentong bayan ng Oriental Mindoro". University of the Philippines.
822:
395:
1324:
482:
427:
141:
In one version, it retains the general shape of a baby but then forms sharp claws and fangs to attack its victim.
1637:
1516:
1414:
1289:
1409:
1241:
1121:
815:
1013:
1354:
870:
1673:
1556:
1587:
1541:
875:
326:
290:
284:
732:
324:, dubbed as the "junanaks" by Budong and Pareng Jomar. They also appeared in week-32 2013 episodes of
1683:
1254:
536:
1080:
420:
The Balete Book: A collection of demons, monsters and dwarfs from the
Philippine lower mythology
1592:
499:
385:
1632:
1607:
1582:
523:
197:
1521:
850:
201:
82:
depicted to take malevolent delight in leading travelers astray, or in abducting children.
78:
8:
1561:
1501:
1491:
342:
The
Tiyanak also appears as a featured monster in an episode of the Netflix anime series
1642:
1622:
1597:
1511:
1465:
922:
570:
470:
387:
Philippine Folk
Literature: An Anthology Volume 1 of Philippine Folk Literature Series
1678:
1536:
1496:
1455:
1226:
1085:
1075:
1044:
720:
703:
686:
669:
652:
635:
618:
478:
423:
391:
355:
by the company Dante Games represented by the number two fire card called Fire horn.
344:
145:
1647:
1506:
1137:
983:
562:
69:
779:
1475:
1450:
1175:
1008:
978:
740:
589:"What is a tiyanak? The Pinoy mythological creature's chilling origins explained"
335:
1195:
1185:
952:
947:
937:
264:
149:
1662:
1379:
1190:
1170:
1059:
164:
1551:
1419:
1180:
1165:
561:(April–June). The Journal of American Folklore, Vol. 19, No. 74: 191–204.
1546:
1364:
1339:
1200:
1039:
993:
942:
840:
752:
320:
212:
208:
45:
714:
697:
680:
663:
646:
629:
612:
1531:
1470:
1314:
1304:
998:
901:
35:
574:
1460:
1424:
1399:
1359:
1294:
1259:
1160:
1049:
1018:
1003:
988:
352:
242:
189:
1394:
1389:
1374:
1334:
1299:
1269:
1264:
927:
896:
566:
304:
216:
193:
175:
168:
111:
house for the parturition, if he thinks that the witch is in his."
1434:
1284:
1279:
1152:
1111:
1054:
891:
477:. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press. p. 490.
157:
74:
1106:
1404:
1369:
1274:
1216:
1023:
932:
238:
234:
230:
1566:
1526:
1384:
1349:
1344:
1319:
1309:
1249:
1221:
1116:
1101:
364:
31:
28:
1329:
1142:
211:
in the 16th century, the tiyanak myth was integrated into
188:
There are various stories on how tiyanaks came to be. The
417:
253:
The
Tiyanak is the subject of many Philippine movies:
119:"They have many other superstitions, as that of the
517:
456:. Philippines: University of the Philippines Press.
204:, which was a woman who died before giving birth.
160:it transforms into a black bird before flying away
648:Juan Tanga, super naman, at ang kambal na tiyanak
272:Juan Tanga, Super Naman, at Ang Kambal Na Tiyanak
131:
1660:
465:
463:
144:In another, it shares certain similarities with
115:Fr. Francisco de San Antonio, Cronicas (1738-44)
797:"As I See It: Philippine mythological monsters"
233:(vampiric shape-shifters), like garlic and the
553:(1906). "Philippine (Tagalog) Superstitions".
823:
460:
418:Paraiso, Salvador; Jose Juan Paraiso (2003).
98:Fr. Juan de Plasencia of the Tagalogs (1589)
830:
816:
555:Superstitions Journal of American Folklore
513:
511:
501:Historical View of the Philippine Islands
383:
851:including their mythologies and folklore
753:""Trese" Episode #1.3 (TV Episode 2021)"
413:
411:
409:
407:
318:Tiyanaks appeared in the 2006 TV series
127:Fr. Martinez de Zuniga, Estadismo (1803)
549:
475:Philippine Folk Literature: The Legends
469:
454:Creatures of Philippine Lower Mythology
447:
445:
443:
441:
439:
1661:
543:
508:
497:
351:The Tiyanak appears in the video game
85:
811:
491:
451:
404:
248:
207:With the Spanish colonization of the
68:
847:Indigenous Philippine folk religions
791:
436:
13:
785:
223:
14:
1695:
773:
839:
745:
725:
708:
691:
674:
657:
640:
623:
1669:Philippine legendary creatures
1517:Da Adventures of Pedro Penduko
606:
581:
422:. Philippines: Giraffe Books.
377:
241:will help guide its spirit to
132:Appearance and characteristics
1:
1122:Witchcraft in the Philippines
370:
16:Philippine mythical creature
7:
1557:Mga Kuwento ni Lola Basyang
735:. Retrieved on 2011-09-01.
384:Damiana L, Eugenio (2007).
358:
291:Shake, Rattle & Roll XV
285:Shake, Rattle & Roll II
10:
1700:
1588:Philippine folk literature
780:Filipino Folklore: Tiyanak
682:Shake Rattle & Roll XV
665:Shake, Rattle & Roll 2
183:
1575:
1484:
1443:
1240:
1209:
1151:
1130:
1094:
1068:
1032:
961:
915:
884:
858:
801:Philippine Daily Inquirer
504:. T. Davison. p. 40.
498:Zuniga, Martinez (1814).
452:Ramos, Maximo D. (1971).
390:. UP Press. p. 249.
41:
24:
962:Epic and folklore heroes
739:October 3, 2011, at the
279:Shake, Rattle & Roll
163:In another version from
1081:Battle of Dolores River
731:Otakultura.com (2011).
1603:Kapampangan literature
1593:Philippine epic poetry
733:"Malaya Map Revealed!"
531:Cite journal requires
1633:Pangasinan literature
1608:Hiligaynon literature
1583:Philippine literature
79:Philippine mythology
1628:Mindanao literature
1562:The Mythology Class
1502:Ang Mahiwagang Baul
1014:Malakas and Maganda
86:Historical accounts
21:
1674:Dwarves (folklore)
1643:Tagbanwa mythology
1638:Tagalog literature
1623:Ilokano literature
1598:Cebuano literature
1466:Hudhud hi Aliguyon
1242:Mythical creatures
249:In popular culture
19:
1656:
1655:
1618:Ifugao literature
1613:Ibanag literature
1456:Code of Kalantiaw
1227:Code of Kalantiaw
1210:Legendary objects
1131:Spiritual persons
1086:Negros Revolution
1076:Dagohoy Rebellion
1069:Historical events
1045:Francisco Dagohoy
1033:Historical people
595:. 3 November 2020
551:Gardner, Fletcher
70:[ˈtjɐnɐk]
51:
50:
1691:
1684:Mythic humanoids
1648:Waray literature
1576:Literary sources
1507:Aso ni San Roque
1138:Filipino shamans
1112:Pulajan religion
984:Daragang Magayon
871:Creation stories
844:
843:
832:
825:
818:
809:
808:
804:
767:
766:
764:
763:
749:
743:
729:
723:
712:
706:
695:
689:
678:
672:
661:
655:
644:
638:
627:
621:
610:
604:
603:
601:
600:
585:
579:
578:
547:
541:
540:
534:
529:
527:
519:
515:
506:
505:
495:
489:
488:
471:Eugenio, Damiana
467:
458:
457:
449:
434:
433:
415:
402:
401:
381:
200:folklore is the
167:, especially in
72:
67:
22:
18:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1659:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1571:
1532:Encantadia Saga
1485:Popular culture
1480:
1451:Biag ni Lam-ang
1439:
1236:
1232:Gintong Salakot
1205:
1147:
1126:
1090:
1064:
1028:
1024:Princess Urduja
979:Bernardo Carpio
957:
911:
885:Supreme deities
880:
854:
838:
836:
788:
786:Further reading
776:
771:
770:
761:
759:
751:
750:
746:
741:Wayback Machine
730:
726:
713:
709:
696:
692:
679:
675:
662:
658:
645:
641:
628:
624:
611:
607:
598:
596:
593:GMA News Online
587:
586:
582:
548:
544:
532:
530:
521:
520:
516:
509:
496:
492:
485:
468:
461:
450:
437:
430:
416:
405:
398:
382:
378:
373:
361:
336:Ragnarok Online
251:
226:
224:Countermeasures
217:aborted fetuses
186:
134:
88:
65:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1697:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1542:Juan dela Cruz
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1447:
1445:
1444:Literary works
1441:
1440:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1246:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1196:Mount Pinatubo
1193:
1188:
1186:Mount Makiling
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1157:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1145:
1140:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1098:
1096:
1095:Belief systems
1092:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
965:
963:
959:
958:
956:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
919:
917:
916:Lesser deities
913:
912:
910:
909:
904:
899:
894:
888:
886:
882:
881:
879:
878:
873:
868:
862:
860:
856:
855:
835:
834:
827:
820:
812:
806:
805:
795:(2008-10-31).
787:
784:
783:
782:
775:
774:External links
772:
769:
768:
744:
724:
707:
690:
673:
656:
639:
622:
605:
580:
567:10.2307/534566
542:
533:|journal=
507:
490:
483:
459:
435:
428:
403:
397:978-9715425360
396:
375:
374:
372:
369:
368:
367:
360:
357:
327:Juan dela Cruz
316:
315:
309:
301:
295:
275:
269:
261:
250:
247:
225:
222:
185:
182:
181:
180:
172:
161:
154:
142:
133:
130:
87:
84:
49:
48:
43:
39:
38:
26:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1696:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1380:Nuno sa punso
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1176:Mount Kanlaon
1174:
1172:
1171:Mount Banahaw
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1153:Sacred places
1150:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1061:
1060:Nardong Putik
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
966:
964:
960:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
920:
918:
914:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
889:
887:
883:
877:
876:Soul concepts
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
863:
861:
857:
852:
848:
842:
833:
828:
826:
821:
819:
814:
813:
810:
802:
798:
794:
790:
789:
781:
778:
777:
758:
754:
748:
742:
738:
734:
728:
722:
718:
717:
711:
705:
701:
700:
694:
688:
684:
683:
677:
671:
667:
666:
660:
654:
650:
649:
643:
637:
633:
632:
626:
620:
616:
615:
609:
594:
590:
584:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
546:
538:
525:
514:
512:
503:
502:
494:
486:
484:971-542-357-4
480:
476:
472:
466:
464:
455:
448:
446:
444:
442:
440:
431:
429:971-8832-79-3
425:
421:
414:
412:
410:
408:
399:
393:
389:
388:
380:
376:
366:
363:
362:
356:
354:
349:
347:
346:
340:
338:
337:
331:
329:
328:
323:
322:
313:
310:
307:
306:
302:
299:
296:
293:
292:
287:
286:
282:film series:
281:
280:
276:
273:
270:
267:
266:
262:
259:
256:
255:
254:
246:
244:
240:
236:
232:
221:
218:
214:
210:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
177:
173:
170:
166:
165:Central Luzon
162:
159:
155:
153:disadvantage.
151:
147:
143:
140:
139:
138:
129:
128:
124:
122:
117:
116:
112:
109:
105:
100:
99:
95:
93:
83:
80:
76:
71:
64:
60:
56:
47:
44:
40:
37:
33:
30:
27:
23:
1552:Luna Mystika
1429:
1420:Tigmamanukan
1181:Mount Lantoy
1166:Mount Arayat
800:
760:. Retrieved
756:
747:
727:
715:
710:
698:
693:
681:
676:
664:
659:
647:
642:
630:
625:
613:
608:
597:. Retrieved
592:
583:
558:
554:
545:
524:cite journal
500:
493:
474:
453:
419:
386:
379:
350:
343:
341:
334:
332:
325:
319:
317:
311:
303:
297:
289:
283:
277:
271:
263:
257:
252:
227:
206:
187:
135:
126:
125:
120:
118:
114:
113:
107:
103:
101:
97:
96:
91:
89:
77:creature in
62:
58:
54:
52:
1547:Luna Blanca
1365:Manananggal
1340:Hantu Demon
1201:Mount Pulag
1191:Mount Mayon
1040:Dios Buhawi
994:Irong-Irong
321:Super Inggo
288:(1990) and
213:Catholicism
209:Philippines
46:Philippines
1663:Categories
1471:Juan Tamad
1315:Dalaketnon
1305:Bungisngis
999:Juan Tamad
902:Mangindusa
793:Cruz, Neal
762:2021-07-03
599:2021-02-17
371:References
353:Hellmaster
192:people of
36:Changeling
1461:Hinilawod
1425:Tikbalang
1400:Sarimanok
1360:Kumakatok
1295:Berberoka
1290:Berbalang
1260:Amalanhig
1161:Mount Apo
1050:Papa Isio
1019:Sarimanok
1004:Kalantiaw
989:Datu Daya
866:Religions
243:afterlife
202:Pontianak
1679:Vampires
1522:Dyesebel
1476:Maragtas
1395:Sarangay
1390:Santelmo
1375:Minokawa
1335:Engkanto
1300:Biringan
1270:Anggitay
1265:Amomongo
1055:Pulajans
974:Aliguyon
953:Sinukuan
948:Makiling
928:Bakunawa
907:Kabunian
897:Kan-Laon
737:Archived
699:Tiyanaks
473:(2002).
359:See also
305:Tiyanaks
194:Mindanao
179:distant.
176:Batangas
169:Pampanga
121:patianac
106:and the
104:patiànac
92:patianac
75:vampiric
66:Tagalog:
25:Grouping
1435:Wak Wak
1430:Tiyanak
1415:Siyokoy
1345:Higante
1325:Duwende
1285:Batibat
1280:Bal-Bal
1009:Lam-ang
969:Ama-ron
892:Bathala
859:General
716:T'yanak
631:Tiyanak
312:T'yanak
298:Impakto
265:Tiyanak
190:Mandaya
184:Origins
174:In the
158:Mindoro
73:) is a
55:tiyanak
20:Tiyanak
1512:Bagani
1492:Alamat
1410:Sirena
1405:Sigbin
1370:Manaul
1320:Diwata
1275:Aswang
1217:Agimat
933:Mayari
923:Amihan
845:
614:Tianak
575:534566
573:
481:
426:
394:
314:(2014)
308:(2007)
300:(1996)
294:(2014)
274:(1990)
268:(1988)
260:(1953)
258:Tianak
239:candle
235:rosary
231:Aswang
150:peseta
146:dwarfs
108:osuàng
63:tianac
59:tianak
57:(also
42:Region
1567:Trese
1537:Indio
1527:Dyosa
1497:Amaya
1385:Pugot
1355:Kataw
1350:Kapre
1310:Busaw
1222:Anito
1117:Hilot
1102:Anito
943:Cacao
571:JSTOR
365:Toyol
345:Trese
198:Malay
32:child
29:Demon
1330:Ekek
1255:Alan
1250:Agta
1143:Datu
1107:Gabâ
938:Tala
757:IMDb
721:IMDb
704:IMDb
687:IMDb
670:IMDb
653:IMDb
636:IMDb
619:IMDb
537:help
479:ISBN
424:ISBN
392:ISBN
53:The
719:at
702:at
685:at
668:at
651:at
634:at
617:at
563:doi
61:or
1665::
799:.
755:.
591:.
569:.
559:19
557:.
528::
526:}}
522:{{
510:^
462:^
438:^
406:^
348:.
339:.
330:.
245:.
853:)
849:(
831:e
824:t
817:v
803:.
765:.
602:.
577:.
565::
539:)
535:(
487:.
432:.
400:.
34:/
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.