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miles (56 km) from Hut Point, with only one or two days' food rations left and still four or five days' man-hauling to do. They then decided that Crean should go on alone, to fetch help. With only a little chocolate and three biscuits to sustain him, without a tent or survival equipment, Crean walked the distance to Hut Point in 18 hours, arriving in a state of collapse to find
Atkinson there, with the dog driver Dmtri Gerov. Crean reached safety just ahead of a fierce blizzard, which probably would have killed him, and which delayed the rescue party by a day and a half. Atkinson led a successful rescue, and Lashly and Evans were both brought to base camp alive. Crean modestly played down the significance of his feat of endurance. In a rare written account, he wrote in a letter: "So it fell to my lot to do the 30 miles for help, and only a couple of biscuits and a stick of chocolate to do it. Well, sir, I was very weak when I reached the hut."
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665:. With food supplies short, and needing to reach their next supply depot, the group made the decision to slide on their sledge, uncontrolled, down the icefall. The three men slid 2,000 feet (600 m), dodging crevasses up to 200 feet (61 m) wide, and ending their descent by overturning on an ice ridge. Evans later wrote: "How we ever escaped entirely uninjured is beyond me to explain".
852:, described as a "mountainous westerly swell". After setting off on 24 April 1916 with just the barest navigational equipment, they reached South Georgia on 10 May 1916. Shackleton, in his later account of the journey, recalled Crean's tuneless singing at the tiller: "He always sang when he was steering, and nobody ever discovered what the song was ... but somehow it was cheerful".
329:, Ireland, to Patrick and Catherine (née Courtney) Crean. One of 11 siblings with 7 brothers and 3 sisters. He attended the local Catholic school (at nearby Brackluin), leaving at the age of 12 to help on the family farm. Many sources, including Smith, give Crean's date of birth as 20 July 1877, but more recent scholarship demonstrates this is unlikely given parish records.
895:, tired and dirty, hair long and matted, faces blackened by months of cooking by blubber stovesâ"the world's dirtiest men", according to Worsley. They quickly organized a boat to pick up the three on the other side of South Georgia, but thereafter it took Shackleton three months and four attempts by ship to rescue the other 22 men still on Elephant Island.
680:. By early February he was in great pain, his joints were swollen and discoloured, and he was passing blood. Through the efforts of Crean and Lashly the group struggled towards One Ton Depot, which they reached on 11 February. At this point Evans collapsed; Crean thought he had died and, according to Evans's account, "his hot tears fell on my face".
797:, 200 statute miles (320 km) away. Because of uneven ice conditions, pressure ridges, and the danger of ice breakup which could separate the men, they soon abandoned this plan: the men pitched camp and decided to wait. They hoped that the clockwise drift of the pack would carry them 400 statute miles (640 km) to
972:. Their inn was ransacked until the raiders happened across Crean's framed photo in Royal Navy dress uniform and medals. They then left his inn. On 13 April 1920, Crean was present among crowds gathered in Tralee to protest against the treatment of republican prisoners who had gone on a hunger strike in Mountjoy jail.
772:, the ship of Crean's first mission to Antarctica. In February 1914, Stackhouse confirmed that Crean was to join the expedition as Boatswain, however, in April 1914, Stackhouse's plans were postponed. This left Shackleton free to recruit Crean to his expedition which was also scheduled to depart in August 1914.
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wrote that "in the winter it was once again Crean who was the mainstay for cheerfulness in the now depleted mess deck part of the hut." In
November 1912, Crean was one of the 11-man search party that found the remains of the polar party. On 12 November they spotted a cairn of snow, which proved to be
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on 25 May 1914, as second officer, with a varied range of duties. In the absence of a
Canadian dog-handling expert who was hired but never appeared, Crean took charge of one of the dog-handling teams, and was later involved in the care and nurture of the pups born to one of his dogs, Sally, early in
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to an altitude of 10,000 feet (3,000 m) above sea level, and then another 350 statute miles (560 km) to the Pole. At regular intervals, supporting parties returned to base; Crean was in the final group of eight men that marched on to the polar plateau and reached 87°32'S, 168 statute miles
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Scott held Crean in high regard, so he was among the first people recruited for the Terra Nova
Expedition, which set out for the Antarctic in June 1910, and one of the few men in the party with previous polar experience. After the expedition's arrival in McMurdo Sound in January 1911, Crean was part
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where they knew there was a hut with emergency supplies. But the pack ice held firm as it carried the men well past Paulet Island, and did not break up until 9 April. The crew then had to sail and row the three ill-equipped lifeboats through the pack ice to
Elephant Island, a trip which lasted five
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The gamble at the icefall succeeded, and the men reached their depot two days later. However, they had great difficulty navigating down the glacier. Lashly wrote: "I cannot describe the maze we got into and the hairbreadth escapes we have had to pass through." In his attempts to find the way down,
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One of Crean's biographers, Michael Smith, suggests that Crean would have been a better choice for the polar party than Edgar Evans, who was weakened by a recent hand injury (of which Scott was unaware). Crean, considered one of the toughest men in the expedition, had led a pony across the
Barrier
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Upon reaching
Elephant Island, Crean was one of the "four fittest men" detailed by Shackleton to find a safe camping-ground. Shackleton decided that, rather than waiting for a rescue ship that would probably never arrive, one of the lifeboats should be strengthened so that a crew could sail it to
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pack ice. In the early efforts to free her, Crean narrowly escaped being crushed by a sudden movement in the ice. The ship drifted in the ice for months, eventually sinking on 21 November. Shackleton informed the men that they would drag the food, gear, and three lifeboats across the pack ice, to
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With over 100 statute miles (160 km) still to travel before the relative safety of Hut Point, Crean and Lashly began hauling Evans on the sledge, "eking out his life with the last few drops of brandy that they still had with them". On 18 February they arrived at Corner Camp, still 35 statute
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Throughout his life, Crean remained an extremely modest man. When he returned to Kerry, he put all of his medals away and never again spoke about his experiences in the
Antarctic. There is no reliable evidence of Crean giving any interviews to the press. Smith speculates that this may have been
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The 800-nautical-mile (1,500 km) boat journey to South
Georgia, described by polar historian Caroline Alexander as one of the most extraordinary feats of seamanship and navigation in recorded history, took 17 days through gales and snow squalls, in seas which the navigator,
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around the coast, but the boat's rudder had broken off after their initial landing, and some of the party were, in
Shackleton's view, unfit for further travel. The three fittest menâShackleton, Crean, and Worsleyâwere decided to trek 30 statute miles (48 km) across the island's
650:, who had accompanied the southern party to the top of the Beardmore, had recommended either Lashly or Crean for the polar party rather than Edgar Evans. Scott in his diary recorded that Crean wept with disappointment at the prospect of having to turn back, so close to the goal.
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In October 1913, a close friend of Captain Scott, Joseph Foster Stackhouse, announced plans for a British Antarctic Expedition to explore the uncharted coastlines between King Edward VII Land and Graham Land. The expedition was due to depart England in August 1914 aboard
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by Jennifer Thermes (Penguin Random House) received the Flora Stieglitz Straus Award for younger readers from the Children's Book Committee (CBC) of Bank Street College of Education and appeared on its Best Children's Books of the Year list with Outstanding Merit.
547:, 1907â09, despite reaching a new furthest south record of 88°23'S, had failed to reach the South Pole. Scott was with Crean when the news of Shackleton's near miss became public; it is recorded that Scott observed to Crean: "I think we'd better have a shot next."
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on three sledging trips across the Ross Ice Shelf, then known as the "Great Ice Barrier". These included the 12-man party led by Barne which set out on 30 October 1902 to lay depots in support of the main southern journey undertaken by Scott, Shackleton and
502:) left in a relief ship, Crean and the majority of the party remained in the Antarctic until the ship was finally freed in February 1904. After returning to regular naval duty, Crean was promoted to petty officer, first class, on Scott's recommendation.
1006:, where his appendix was removed. Because the operation had been delayed, an infection developed, and after a week in the hospital he died on 27 July 1938. He was buried in his family's tomb at the cemetery in Ballynacourty, Annascaul, County Kerry.
919:. A month later, in April, he was granted a licence for the sale and consumption of alcohol from his dwelling house, a premises he had purchased in 1916. The business was left in the care of family while he served out his time in the Royal Navy.
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in the party; over the expedition as a whole, only seven of the 48-member party logged more time in harness than Crean's 149 days. Crean had a good sense of humour and was well liked by his companions. Scott's second-in-command,
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Shackleton knew Crean well from the Discovery Expedition, and also knew of his exploits on Scott's last expedition. Like Scott, Shackleton trusted Crean: he was worth, in Shackleton's own word, "trumps". Crean joined Shackleton's
844:, who would be in command of the party remaining on Elephant Island, wanted the dependable Crean to stay with him; Shackleton initially agreed, but changed his mind after Crean begged to be included in the boat's crew of six.
458:, where she anchored at a spot which was later designated "Hut Point". Here the men established the base from which they would launch scientific and exploratory sledging journeys. Crean proved to be one of the most efficient
937:, Crean suffered a bad fall which caused lasting effects to his vision. As a result, he was retired on medical grounds on 24 March 1920. He and Eileen opened a small public house in Annascaul, which he called the
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The name "Hut Point" was given to mark the location, alongside the ship's anchorage, of the expedition's main storage hut, which was used in later expeditions as a shelter and storage depot. Crane, p. 157
930:. By this time, however, Crean's second daughter had arrived, and he had plans to open a business following his naval career. He turned down Shackleton's invitation. On his last naval assignment, with
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Soon after heading north on the 700-statute-mile (1,100 km) journey back to base camp, Crean's party lost the trail back to the Beardmore Glacier, and were faced with a long detour around a large
410:, which was part of the Royal Navy's Australian Squadron based in Sydney. On 18 December 1901, he was demoted from petty officer to able seaman for an unspecified misdemeanour. In December 1901, the
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a tent against which the drift had piled up. It contained the bodies of Scott, Wilson, and Bowers. Crean later wrote, referring to Scott in understated fashion, that he had "lost a good friend".
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awaiting to departure to Antarctica. When an able seaman of Scott's ship deserted after striking a petty officer, a replacement was required; Crean volunteered, and was accepted.
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This trek was the first recorded crossing of the mountainous island, completed without tents, sleeping bags, or mapâtheir only mountaineering equipment was a carpenter's
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and separated from their sledges. Crean probably saved the group's lives, by leaping from floe to floe until he reached the Barrier edge and was able to summon help.
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stations on the north side was too great; if they missed the island to the north they would be swept out into the Atlantic Ocean. The original plan was to work the
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On 5 September 1917, Crean married Eileen Herlihy of Annascaul. In early 1920, Shackleton was organising another Antarctic expedition, later to be known as the
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became beset in the pack ice and sank, Crean and the ship's company spent 492 days drifting on the ice before undertaking a journey in the ship's lifeboats to
519:. Crean had caught Captain Scott's attention with his attitude and work ethic on the Discovery Expedition, and in 1906 Scott requested that Crean join him on
578:, so named because of the large amount of food and equipment cached there on the projected route to the South Pole. Returning from the depot to base camp at
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in one hand and two sled dog pups in the other. In February 2021 it was announced that a new research vessel being commissioned by the Irish government's
1050:. In July 2003, a bronze statue of Crean was unveiled across from his pub in Annascaul. It depicts him leaning against a crate whilst holding a pair of
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729:, 2nd Class for saving Evans's life, these were presented by the King at Buckingham Palace on 26 July. In November Crean was promoted to the rating of
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Scott's party failed to return. The winter of 1912 at Cape Evans was a sombre one, with the knowledge that the polar party had undoubtedly perished.
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613:. This journey had three stages: 400 statute miles (640 km) across the Barrier, 120 statute miles (190 km) up the heavily crevassed
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became locked in the ice. Efforts to free her during the summer of 1902â03 failed, and although some of the expedition's members (including
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The party made its South Georgia landfall on the uninhabited southern coast, having decided that the risk of aiming directly for the
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When the party was finally free of the glacier and on the level surface of the Barrier, Evans began to display the first symptoms of
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in 1900 at 78°50'S, a record which they held briefly until the southern party itself passed it on its way to an eventual 82°17'S.
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a screw sloop as the ship headed to South America to join the Pacific Station. In 1895, Crean was serving in the Americas aboard
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and ended in the deaths of Scott and his party. During the expedition, Crean's 35-statute-mile (56 km) solo walk across the
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763:, 1914. Crean is second from the left in the first standing row. Shackleton (wearing soft hat) is in the centre of the picture.
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Crane, pp. 214â15. Modern re-calculations based on photographs have placed this furthest south at 82°11'S (Crane map, p. 215).
590:, experienced near-disaster when camping on unstable sea ice. During the night the ice broke up, leaving the men adrift on an
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After returning to Britain in November 1916, Crean resumed naval duties. On 27 December 1916 he was promoted to the
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at the naval station in nearby Minard Inlet, possibly after an argument with his father. His enlistment as a
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941:. The couple had three daughters, Mary, Kate, and Eileen, although Kate died when she was three years old.
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Admiralty Certificate of Qualification for Warrant Officer, 17 August 1917, referenced in Smith, p. 300
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618:(270 km) from the pole. Here, on 4 January 1912, Scott selected his final polar party: Crean,
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Scott's polar party at 87°S, 31 December 1911, before Crean's return with the last supporting party
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sailed to the Antarctic on 21 December 1901, and seven weeks later, on 8 February 1902, arrived in
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1189:"Registers of Seamen's ServicesâImage detailsâCrean, Thomas (until promotion to warrant officer)"
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1789:"RN Officer's Service RecordsâImage detailsâCrean, Thomas (from promotion to Warrant Officer)"
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Crean was born around 16 February 1877 in the farming area of Gurtuchrane near the village of
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Interview with his daughter, Mary O'Brien "RTĂ â Charlie Bird on the trail of Tom Crean"
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and had thus been saved much of the hard labour of man-hauling. Scott's critical biographer
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that "Crean was an Irishman with a fund of wit and an even temper which nothing disturbed."
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In 1938, Crean became ill with a burst appendix. He was taken to the nearest hospital in
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of the 13-man team who established "One Ton Depot", 130 statute miles (210 km) from
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Crane, pp. 569â70. Oates and Edgar Evans has perished earlier on the return journey.
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surface, in a hazardous 36-hour journey to the nearest manned whaling station.
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1088:, chapter 1: "In Irish his name is written as TomĂĄs Ăł CroidheĂĄin or Ă CuirĂn".
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After retiring from the navy on health grounds in 1920, Crean ran his pub the
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Crean, letter to unknown person, 26 February 1912, reprinted in Smith, p. 143
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Crean letter to J. Kennedy, January 1913, SPRI, reprinted in Smith, p. 172
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378:. Less than a year later, while serving a second term of service aboard
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2139:(blog). annascaul-village.com. Archived from the original on 4 May 2014
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Crean was a member of three major expeditions to Antarctica during the
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2573:"Crean and Shackleton Antarctic Commemorative Coins Issued by Ireland"
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Aerial view of Hut Point, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica â the location of
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276:, Crean's third and final Antarctic venture was as second officer on
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2085:"TV view: 'The Last Place on Earth' - Not just about the Antarctic"
926:. He invited Crean to join him, along with other officers from the
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609:
Crean departed with Scott in November 1911, for the attempt at the
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above the high-water mark, a group of men led by ship's carpenter
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Crean's initial naval apprenticeship was aboard the training ship
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525:. Over the next few years, Crean followed Scott successively to
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840:âin preparation for this journey, which Shackleton would lead.
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and arrange a rescue. After the party was settled on a penguin
677:
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Evans removed his goggles and subsequently suffered agonies of
565:
212:
1067:
The Indestructible Tom Crean: Heroic Explorer of the Antarctic
944:
309:
in County Kerry with his wife and daughters. He died in 1938.
298:
of 800 nautical miles (1,500 km) from Elephant Island to
32:
3187:
975:
Crean's older brother was Cornelius Crean, a sergeant in the
1341:
Crean, Royal Navy service record, referenced in Smith, p. 72
855:
880:
2258:
The Endurance: Shackleton's Legendary Antarctic Expedition
759:
Members of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition aboard
1792:(fee usually required to view full pdf of service record)
911:(confirmed in 1918) in recognition of his service on the
263:
in New Zealand, he volunteered to join Scott's 1901â1904
1426:
Scott, Diary, 4 January 1912, reprinted in Smith, p. 123
1022:, Antarctica and 2,300-foot (700 m) Mount Crean in
695:
On 12 February 1913 Crean and the remaining crew of the
513:
in 1904 and later transferring to the torpedo school on
5729:
4392:
2111:"Irish village hears tales of its forgotten polar hero"
1783:
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1975:"Cambridge University: Scott Polar Research Institute"
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Geological features named after the explorer include
709:
the surviving members of the expedition were awarded
505:
Crean came back to regular duty at the naval base at
483:. On 11 November the Barne party passed the previous
6355:
Personnel of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
2549:
Great Endeavour â Ireland's Antarctic Explorers
2174:"New research vessel named after explorer Tom Crean"
2082:
1778:
1455:
1453:
657:
Crean and Edgar Evans exercising ponies, winter 1911
267:
to Antarctica, thus beginning his exploring career.
234:. This saw the race to reach the South Pole lost to
2419:
An Unsung Hero: Tom Crean â Antarctic Survivor
1895:
550:
340:is recorded in Royal Navy records on 10 July 1893.
2033:A Visitor's Guide to South Georgia: Second Edition
1166:
388:. He later joined the Navy's torpedo school ship,
1450:
414:was ordered to assist Robert Falcon Scott's ship
6316:
1459:Lashly's diary, quoted in Cherry-Garrard, p. 402
561:Comparison of the Amundsen and Scott expeditions
2171:
1663:
1661:
1034:He was portrayed in the 1985 television series
883:, a length of alpine rope, and screws from the
705:, and in June the ship returned to Cardiff. At
108:Ballynacourty, Annascaul, County Kerry, Ireland
2505:Crean: The Extraordinary Life of an Irish Hero
2274:
2036:. Princeton University Press. pp. 93â94.
2030:Poncet, Sally; Crosbie, Kim (10 August 2021).
1056:Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine
784:On 19 January 1915 the expedition's ship, the
211:16 February 1877 â 27 July 1938) was an Irish
5715:
2594:
2371:. Vol. I. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
2029:
1994:
1949:"We haven't forgotten Tom Crean in Annascaul"
626:were ordered to return to base, while Scott,
426:Discovery Expedition and aftermath, 1901â1910
404:. In 1900, Crean was ledgered to the cruiser
394:. By 1899, Crean had advanced to the rate of
1658:
359:. In December 1894, Crean was posted to HMS
6360:Recipients of the Albert Medal (lifesaving)
1997:"'Mount Crean' named among Greenland peaks"
1879:
1877:
1443:
1441:
1139:
1044:, and by Aidan Dooley in the one-man play,
294:. He was a member of the crew which made a
215:and Antarctic explorer who was awarded the
118:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
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5708:
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1478:
1476:
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1337:
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1323:
983:, where he served with the RIC during the
605:and Crean mending sleeping bags (May 1911)
353:. In November 1894, he was transferred to
31:
2529:Endurance: Shackleton's Incredible Voyage
2252:
2172:Mac an tSĂthigh, SeĂĄn (1 February 2021).
1912:, p. 17. Dublin, Saturday, 23 April 2016.
1114:
891:. They arrived at the whaling station at
887:hammered through their boots to serve as
834:began modifying one of the lifeboatsâthe
725:. Crean and Lashly were both awarded the
5659:Pole of Inaccessibility research station
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1065:. In 2024, the children's picture book,
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652:
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564:
435:
312:
5234:Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition
2525:
2483:
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1471:
1468:Lashly diary, quoted in Preston, p. 207
1332:
1320:
246:led to him receiving the Albert Medal.
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1906:Frank McNally, 'An Irishman's Diary',
1018:, a 8,630-foot (2,630 m) peak in
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2435:
2416:
2298:
1485:
1091:
1085:
737:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition (
332:At the age of 16, he enlisted in the
257:at age 16. In 1901, while serving on
6296:
2421:. London: Headline Book Publishing.
2083:John J. O'Connor (20 October 1985).
1923:"Celebrating Tom Crean, a true hero"
817:Crean, in full polar travelling gear
494:During the Antarctic winter of 1902
302:to seek aid for the stranded party.
253:, in County Kerry, to enlist in the
16:Irish Antarctic explorer (1877â1938)
5731:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
5020:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
3217:Norse colonization of North America
2226:"Best Children's Books of the Year"
2058:"New map of South Georgia unveiled"
1578:. 25 July 1913. pp. 5322â5323.
1047:Tom Crean â Antarctic Explorer
1026:, and two places on South Georgia,
778:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
747:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
733:, retroactive to 9 September 1910.
282:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
224:Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration
13:
6370:Royal Navy officers of World War I
4549:United States Exploring Expedition
2477:
1118:
987:. Sgt. Crean was killed during an
14:
6391:
5623:AmundsenâScott South Pole Station
4991:Australasian Antarctic Expedition
2566:
2109:Kennedy, Maev (16 October 2001).
6350:People from the Dingle Peninsula
6295:
6284:
6283:
5517:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
4910:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
2330:. New York: Carroll & Graf.
2284:. New York: Carroll & Graf.
2230:Bank Street College of Education
2205:Bank Street College of Education
2198:
806:, the navigating officer of the
673:that made him into a passenger.
551:Terra Nova Expedition, 1910â1913
249:Crean left the family farm near
186:
51:TomĂĄs Ă CuirĂn (or Ă CroidheĂĄin)
2218:
2192:
2165:
2137:"Tom Crean, Antarctic Explorer"
2129:
2102:
2076:
2050:
2023:
2014:
1995:Lorna Siggins (11 April 2011).
1988:
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2402:. London: Century Publishing.
2380:. London: Constable & Co.
2281:The Worst Journey in the World
1861:civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie
1248:
1239:
1213:
1157:
1148:
979:(RIC). Cornelius was based in
956:because Kerry was a hotbed of
1:
6365:Recipients of the Polar Medal
4896:Japanese Antarctic Expedition
4831:Scottish Antarctic Expedition
4379:
2260:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
2246:
1125:Dictionary of Irish Biography
898:
474:Crean accompanied Lieutenant
208:
6335:20th-century Irish explorers
5253:Soviet Antarctic Expeditions
5069:ShackletonâRowett Expedition
4875:French Antarctic Expeditions
4805:Swedish Antarctic Expedition
4691:Belgian Antarctic Expedition
2809:Lady Franklin Bay Expedition
924:ShackletonâRowett Expedition
915:, and was awarded his third
270:After his experience on the
7:
4338:Nuclear-powered icebreakers
4017:Austro-Hungarian Expedition
2882:Andrée's balloon expedition
396:petty officer, second class
217:Albert Medal for Lifesaving
50:
10:
6396:
3539:Franklin's lost expedition
3239:Christian IV's expeditions
2621:
2306:. London: Harper Collins.
744:
719:Prince Louis of Battenberg
554:
469:Two Years in the Antarctic
429:
6345:Irish Antarctic explorers
6278:
6054:
5877:
5868:
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5737:
5356:
5087:
4674:
4414:
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3893:Great Northern Expedition
3787:
3569:RaeâRichardson expedition
3318:
3163:
2769:British Arctic Expedition
2661:
2633:
2629:
2616:
2532:. New York: Basic Books.
2526:Lansing, Alfred (2014) .
2486:Shackleton: The Biography
2484:Fiennes, Ranulph (2022).
2462:. London: Pimlico Books.
2460:Shackleton's Boat Journey
2345:Huntford, Roland (1985).
2157:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1009:
970:Irish War of Independence
751:Voyage of the James Caird
646:records that the surgeon
182:
174:
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143:
135:
123:
113:
103:
85:
64:
56:
46:
30:
23:
5177:British Antarctic Survey
5171:Captain Arturo Prat Base
4416:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
2575:Accessed 9 October 2008.
2062:British Antarctic Survey
1073:
977:Royal Irish Constabulary
582:, Crean, accompanied by
6340:Explorers of Antarctica
5653:Pole of inaccessibility
5316:Antarctic Treaty System
3657:2nd Grinnell expedition
2547:Smith, Michael (2010).
2436:Smith, Michael (2010).
2417:Smith, Michael (2000).
2376:Preston, Diana (1999).
2369:Scott's Last Expedition
2347:The Last Place on Earth
1798:. The National Archives
1415:The Last Place on Earth
1121:"Crean, Thomas ("Tom")"
1037:The Last Place on Earth
638:continued to the pole.
81:, County Kerry, Ireland
2304:Scott of the Antarctic
2276:Cherry-Garrard, Apsley
1505:Cherry-Garrard, p. 420
1386:Cherry-Garrard, p. 147
1377:Cherry-Garrard, p. 107
952:
860:
818:
764:
741:Expedition), 1914â1917
703:Lyttelton, New Zealand
658:
606:
570:
448:
418:when it was docked at
204:
95:Bon Secours Hospital,
6380:Terra Nova expedition
5323:Transglobe Expedition
5222:Operation Deep Freeze
4631:Challenger expedition
3497:Coppermine expedition
3018:Drifting ice stations
2551:. The Collins Press.
2349:. London: Pan Books.
1628:Shackleton, pp. 44â45
1225:The National Archives
1200:The National Archives
1127:. Royal Irish Academy
947:
858:
816:
758:
656:
600:
588:Henry "Birdie" Bowers
584:Apsley Cherry-Garrard
568:
557:Terra Nova Expedition
439:
313:Early life and career
232:Terra Nova Expedition
136:Years of service
5831:McDonald Ice Rumples
2509:Irish Academic Press
2378:A First Rate Tragedy
1637:Alexander, pp. 29â31
859:Crean and "his" pups
489:Carsten Borchgrevink
467:, wrote in his book
432:Discovery Expedition
300:South Georgia Island
265:Discovery Expedition
242:to save the life of
39:Endurance Expedition
5493:South magnetic pole
4159:Brusilov expedition
3268:Danish colonization
2706:North magnetic pole
2503:Foley, Tim (2020).
2254:Alexander, Caroline
1748:Worsley, pp. 190â91
1482:Preston, pp. 206â08
985:War of Independence
962:Irish republicanism
948:Statue of Crean in
788:, was beset in the
731:chief petty officer
509:, serving first in
398:and was serving in
228:Robert Falcon Scott
6375:Royal Navy sailors
5184:Operation Windmill
5165:Operation Highjump
4140:Rusanov expedition
4045:A. E. Nordenskiöld
3789:North East Passage
3593:McClure expedition
2396:Shackleton, Ernest
2089:The New York Times
1721:Shackleton, p. 174
1694:Shackleton, p. 158
1685:Shackleton, p. 147
1575:The London Gazette
1317:Preston, pp. 67â69
995:on 25 April 1920.
953:
861:
819:
765:
659:
648:Edward L. Atkinson
607:
571:
449:
447:s base, in 1902â04
296:small-boat journey
159:(1904, 1913, 1916)
6310:
6309:
6274:
6273:
5697:
5696:
5693:
5692:
5689:
5688:
5151:Operation Tabarin
5013:Far Eastern Party
4859:Nimrod Expedition
4370:
4369:
4366:
4365:
3929:M. Pronchishcheva
3851:Siberian Cossacks
3320:Northwest Passage
2653:Research stations
2610:Polar exploration
2495:978-1-64313-879-4
2488:. Pegasus Books.
2440:. Collins Press.
2043:978-0-691-23442-7
1854:"Irish Genealogy"
1739:Alexander, p. 156
1730:Alexander, p. 150
1712:Alexander, p. 153
1667:Alexander, p. 127
1646:Shackleton, p. 31
1496:Crane, pp. 555â56
1350:Crane, pp. 394â95
958:Irish nationalism
707:Buckingham Palace
615:Beardmore Glacier
545:Nimrod Expedition
500:Ernest Shackleton
420:Lyttelton Harbour
284:. After the ship
278:Ernest Shackleton
194:
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5198:Ronne Expedition
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4541:Dumont d'Urville
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3924:V. Pronchishchev
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2322:Huntford, Roland
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2064:. 24 August 2017
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1655:Alexander, p. 98
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1610:Alexander, p. 21
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1281:Smith, pp. 46â47
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1245:Smith, pp. 20â21
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968:raid during the
802:days. Crean and
795:Robertson Island
781:the expedition.
446:
384:he was rated an
338:boy second class
323:Dingle Peninsula
210:
190:
125:
92:
75:16 February 1877
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5824:King Haakon Bay
5822:
5817:Fortuna Glacier
5815:
5810:Elephant Island
5808:
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5794:
5783:
5774:
5764:
5754:
5744:
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5698:
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5360:
5352:
5228:McMurdo Station
5097:Modern research
5095:
5083:
4818:O. Nordenskjöld
4681:
4675:
4670:
4586:Ross expedition
4410:
4383:
4362:
3791:
3783:
3324:Northern Canada
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2478:Further reading
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2365:Huxley, Leonard
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2019:
2015:
2005:
2003:
2001:The Irish Times
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1977:
1973:
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1921:
1920:
1916:
1909:The Irish Times
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1865:
1863:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1829:
1824:
1820:
1815:
1811:
1801:
1799:
1796:DocumentsOnline
1791:
1787:
1786:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1766:Worsley, p. 220
1765:
1761:
1757:Worsley, p. 213
1756:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1720:
1716:
1711:
1707:
1703:Worsley, p. 142
1702:
1698:
1693:
1689:
1684:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1659:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1605:
1596:
1592:
1587:
1583:
1567:
1563:
1558:
1554:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1522:
1518:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1500:
1495:
1486:
1481:
1472:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1451:
1446:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1363:
1359:Preston, p. 101
1358:
1354:
1349:
1345:
1340:
1333:
1328:
1321:
1316:
1312:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1240:
1230:
1228:
1221:"Crean, Thomas"
1219:
1218:
1214:
1204:
1202:
1196:DocumentsOnline
1191:
1187:
1186:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1130:
1128:
1119:Murphy, David.
1117:
1092:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1058:would be named
1042:Daragh O'Malley
1012:
901:
753:
745:Main articles:
743:
644:Roland Huntford
601:Petty officers
563:
553:
465:Albert Armitage
444:
434:
428:
376:ordinary seaman
315:
292:Elephant Island
162:
109:
94:
90:
76:
70:
68:
52:
42:
41:, February 1915
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6393:
6383:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6308:
6307:
6305:
6304:
6292:
6279:
6276:
6275:
6272:
6271:
6269:
6268:
6261:
6254:
6247:
6240:
6233:
6226:
6219:
6212:
6211:
6210:
6196:
6189:
6182:
6175:
6168:
6161:
6154:
6147:
6140:
6133:
6126:
6119:
6112:
6105:
6098:
6091:
6084:
6077:
6070:
6062:
6060:
6052:
6051:
6049:
6048:
6041:
6036:
6029:
6022:
6015:
6008:
6001:
5994:
5989:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5958:
5953:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5885:
5883:
5872:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5862:
5855:
5848:
5845:Peggotty Bluff
5841:
5834:
5827:
5820:
5813:
5806:
5799:
5791:
5789:
5785:
5784:
5782:
5781:
5780:
5779:
5766:Rescue by the
5762:
5756:Voyage of the
5752:
5741:
5739:
5735:
5734:
5727:
5726:
5719:
5712:
5704:
5695:
5694:
5691:
5690:
5687:
5686:
5684:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5667:
5666:
5661:
5649:
5648:
5647:
5645:Vostok Station
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5599:
5598:
5596:Cherry-Garrard
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5561:
5560:
5559:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5513:
5512:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5489:
5488:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5460:
5459:
5458:
5446:
5445:
5444:
5436:Southern Cross
5432:
5431:
5430:
5417:
5416:
5415:
5402:
5397:
5396:
5395:
5382:
5381:
5380:
5366:
5364:
5358:Farthest South
5354:
5353:
5351:
5350:
5345:
5338:
5337:
5336:
5331:
5319:
5312:
5311:
5310:
5309:
5308:
5296:
5295:
5294:
5282:
5281:
5280:
5273:
5268:
5249:
5248:
5247:
5242:
5230:
5225:
5218:
5217:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5194:
5193:
5192:
5180:
5173:
5168:
5161:
5160:
5159:
5147:
5146:
5145:
5133:
5132:
5131:
5119:
5112:
5107:
5101:
5099:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5080:
5079:
5065:
5064:
5063:
5055:Ross Sea party
5051:
5042:
5041:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5016:
5009:
5008:
5007:
5002:
4987:
4982:
4981:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4941:
4940:
4939:
4932:
4925:
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4906:
4905:
4904:
4892:
4891:
4890:
4885:
4871:
4870:
4869:
4855:
4848:
4847:
4846:
4839:
4827:
4826:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4794:
4780:
4779:
4778:
4773:
4759:
4758:
4757:
4752:
4749:Southern Cross
4742:Southern Cross
4738:
4737:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4686:
4684:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4668:
4667:
4666:
4654:
4653:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4627:
4622:
4621:
4620:
4607:
4601:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4567:
4566:
4565:
4560:
4545:
4544:
4543:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4505:
4504:
4492:
4491:
4490:
4488:Bellingshausen
4478:
4471:
4466:
4465:
4464:
4451:
4450:
4449:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4420:
4418:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4385:
4384:
4372:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4359:
4358:
4347:
4335:
4330:
4323:
4316:
4315:
4314:
4302:
4301:
4300:
4288:
4287:
4286:
4274:
4273:
4272:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4249:
4248:
4236:
4235:
4234:
4220:
4219:
4218:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4185:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4155:
4154:
4153:
4148:
4136:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4084:
4083:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4054:
4053:
4052:
4047:
4032:
4031:
4030:
4025:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3797:
3795:
3793:Russian Arctic
3785:
3784:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3775:
3774:
3760:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3739:
3734:
3733:
3732:
3718:
3717:
3716:
3704:
3703:
3702:
3689:
3688:
3687:
3675:
3674:
3673:
3668:
3653:
3652:
3651:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3617:
3609:
3604:
3589:
3584:
3583:
3582:
3577:
3565:
3560:
3559:
3558:
3550:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3468:
3467:
3466:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3328:
3326:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3283:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3235:
3230:
3228:SnÊbjörn galti
3225:
3220:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3191:
3184:
3179:
3173:
3171:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3130:
3123:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3095:
3085:
3084:
3083:
3078:
3064:
3057:
3050:
3049:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3021:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2974:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2897:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2829:
2828:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2785:
2780:
2765:
2764:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2663:Farthest North
2659:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2627:
2626:
2614:
2613:
2606:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2568:
2567:External links
2565:
2564:
2563:
2558:978-1848890237
2557:
2544:
2538:
2523:
2518:978-1999918996
2517:
2500:
2494:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2468:
2456:Worsley, Frank
2452:
2446:
2438:An Unsung Hero
2433:
2427:
2414:
2408:
2392:
2386:
2373:
2367:, ed. (1913).
2361:
2355:
2342:
2336:
2318:
2312:
2296:
2290:
2272:
2266:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2242:
2217:
2191:
2164:
2128:
2101:
2075:
2049:
2042:
2022:
2013:
1987:
1966:
1955:. 12 July 2013
1953:Irish Examiner
1940:
1929:. 26 July 2013
1927:Irish Examiner
1914:
1894:
1885:
1873:
1845:
1836:
1827:
1818:
1809:
1777:
1768:
1759:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1723:
1714:
1705:
1696:
1687:
1678:
1669:
1657:
1648:
1639:
1630:
1621:
1612:
1603:
1590:
1581:
1561:
1552:
1543:
1534:
1525:
1516:
1507:
1498:
1484:
1470:
1461:
1449:
1437:
1428:
1419:
1406:
1397:
1388:
1379:
1370:
1368:Huxley, p. 434
1361:
1352:
1343:
1331:
1319:
1310:
1301:
1292:
1283:
1274:
1265:
1256:
1247:
1238:
1212:
1165:
1156:
1147:
1138:
1090:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1011:
1008:
939:South Pole Inn
900:
897:
742:
735:
723:First Sea Lord
689:Frank Debenham
671:snow blindness
636:Lawrence Oates
620:William Lashly
552:
549:
485:furthest south
430:Main article:
427:
424:
314:
311:
307:South Pole Inn
240:Ross Ice Shelf
236:Roald Amundsen
205:TomĂĄs Ă CuirĂn
192:
191:
184:
180:
179:
176:
172:
171:
170:Eileen Herlihy
168:
164:
163:
161:
160:
154:
147:
145:
141:
140:
137:
133:
132:
127:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
107:
105:
101:
100:
93:(aged 61)
87:
83:
82:
66:
62:
61:
58:
54:
53:
48:
44:
43:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6392:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6322:
6320:
6313:
6302:
6293:
6290:
6281:
6280:
6277:
6266:
6262:
6259:
6255:
6252:
6248:
6245:
6241:
6238:
6234:
6231:
6227:
6224:
6220:
6217:
6213:
6208:
6204:
6203:
6201:
6197:
6194:
6190:
6187:
6183:
6180:
6176:
6173:
6169:
6166:
6162:
6159:
6155:
6152:
6148:
6145:
6141:
6138:
6134:
6131:
6127:
6124:
6120:
6117:
6113:
6110:
6106:
6103:
6099:
6096:
6092:
6089:
6085:
6082:
6078:
6075:
6071:
6068:
6064:
6063:
6061:
6059:
6058:
6053:
6046:
6042:
6037:
6034:
6033:Spencer-Smith
6030:
6027:
6023:
6020:
6016:
6013:
6009:
6006:
6002:
5999:
5995:
5990:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5963:
5959:
5954:
5951:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5886:
5884:
5882:
5881:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5867:
5860:
5859:Stromness Bay
5856:
5853:
5849:
5846:
5842:
5839:
5838:Mount Worsley
5835:
5832:
5828:
5825:
5821:
5818:
5814:
5811:
5807:
5804:
5800:
5797:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5786:
5777:
5773:
5772:
5770:
5769:
5763:
5760:
5759:
5753:
5750:
5749:
5746:Drift of the
5743:
5742:
5740:
5736:
5732:
5725:
5720:
5718:
5713:
5711:
5706:
5705:
5702:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5656:
5655:
5654:
5650:
5646:
5643:
5642:
5641:
5640:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5568:
5567:
5566:
5562:
5558:
5557:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5525:
5521:
5520:
5519:
5518:
5514:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5496:
5495:
5494:
5490:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5467:
5466:
5465:
5461:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5440:
5439:
5438:
5437:
5433:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5424:
5423:
5418:
5414:
5411:
5410:
5409:
5408:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5394:
5391:
5390:
5389:
5388:
5383:
5379:
5376:
5375:
5374:
5373:
5368:
5367:
5365:
5363:
5359:
5355:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5343:
5339:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5325:
5324:
5320:
5318:
5317:
5313:
5307:
5304:
5303:
5302:
5301:
5297:
5293:
5290:
5289:
5288:
5287:
5283:
5279:
5278:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5263:
5262:
5261:
5257:
5256:
5255:
5254:
5250:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5237:
5236:
5235:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5223:
5219:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5201:
5200:
5199:
5195:
5191:
5188:
5187:
5186:
5185:
5181:
5179:
5178:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5166:
5162:
5158:
5155:
5154:
5153:
5152:
5148:
5144:
5141:
5140:
5139:
5138:
5134:
5130:
5127:
5126:
5125:
5124:
5120:
5118:
5117:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5098:
5094:
5090:
5086:
5078:
5077:
5073:
5072:
5071:
5070:
5066:
5062:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5056:
5052:
5050:
5049:
5048:
5043:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5028:
5024:
5023:
5022:
5021:
5017:
5015:
5014:
5010:
5006:
5003:
5001:
5000:
4995:
4994:
4993:
4992:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4949:
4948:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4937:
4933:
4931:
4930:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4914:
4913:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4903:
4900:
4899:
4898:
4897:
4893:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4883:
4879:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4868:
4867:
4863:
4862:
4861:
4860:
4856:
4854:
4853:
4849:
4845:
4844:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4833:
4832:
4828:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4813:
4809:
4808:
4807:
4806:
4802:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4792:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4785:
4781:
4777:
4776:Discovery Hut
4774:
4772:
4771:
4767:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4760:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4750:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4699:
4695:
4694:
4693:
4692:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4680:
4673:
4665:
4662:
4661:
4660:
4659:
4655:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4635:
4634:
4633:
4632:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4618:
4614:
4613:
4608:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4596:
4595:
4590:
4589:
4588:
4587:
4583:
4579:
4576:
4575:
4574:
4573:
4568:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4558:
4553:
4552:
4551:
4550:
4546:
4542:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4536:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4503:
4500:
4499:
4498:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4486:
4485:
4484:
4483:
4479:
4477:
4476:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4463:
4460:
4459:
4458:
4457:
4452:
4448:
4445:
4444:
4443:
4442:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4413:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4377:
4373:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4328:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4308:
4307:
4306:A. Sibiryakov
4303:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4294:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4280:
4279:
4278:Glavsevmorput
4275:
4271:
4268:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4247:
4244:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4237:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4211:
4210:
4204:
4203:
4202:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4143:
4142:
4141:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4109:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4092:
4091:
4090:
4085:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4064:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4055:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4033:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4019:
4018:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3894:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3790:
3786:
3780:
3777:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3766:
3761:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3748:
3747:
3746:
3745:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3726:
3725:
3724:
3719:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3710:
3709:
3705:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3696:
3695:
3690:
3686:
3683:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3666:
3661:
3660:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3615:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3597:
3596:
3595:
3594:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3581:
3580:J. Richardson
3578:
3576:
3573:
3572:
3571:
3570:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3557:
3556:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3543:
3542:
3541:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3469:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3450:
3447:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3414:
3409:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3369:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3342:M. Corte-Real
3340:
3338:
3337:G. Corte-Real
3335:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3260:C. Richardson
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3124:
3122:
3121:
3120:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3094:
3093:
3092:
3086:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3069:Georgiy Sedov
3065:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3026:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2956:Riiser-Larsen
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2830:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2737:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2604:
2599:
2597:
2592:
2590:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2560:
2554:
2550:
2545:
2541:
2539:9780465058785
2535:
2531:
2530:
2524:
2520:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2501:
2497:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2481:
2471:
2469:0-7126-6574-9
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2447:9781848890534
2443:
2439:
2434:
2430:
2428:0-7472-5357-9
2424:
2420:
2415:
2411:
2409:0-7126-0111-2
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2387:0-09-479530-4
2383:
2379:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2356:0-330-28816-4
2352:
2348:
2343:
2339:
2337:0-689-11429-X
2333:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2313:0-00-715068-7
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2291:0-7867-0437-3
2287:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2267:0-375-40403-1
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2250:
2231:
2227:
2221:
2206:
2202:
2199:Hare, Peter.
2195:
2179:
2175:
2168:
2160:
2154:
2138:
2132:
2116:
2112:
2105:
2090:
2086:
2079:
2063:
2059:
2053:
2045:
2039:
2035:
2034:
2026:
2020:Smith, p. 318
2017:
2002:
1998:
1991:
1976:
1970:
1954:
1950:
1944:
1928:
1924:
1918:
1911:
1910:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1889:
1883:Smith, p. 312
1880:
1878:
1862:
1855:
1849:
1843:Smith, p. 306
1840:
1834:Smith, p. 309
1831:
1825:Smith, p. 304
1822:
1816:Smith, p. 308
1813:
1797:
1790:
1784:
1782:
1772:
1763:
1754:
1745:
1736:
1727:
1718:
1709:
1700:
1691:
1682:
1676:Smith, p. 226
1673:
1664:
1662:
1652:
1643:
1634:
1625:
1619:Smith, p. 190
1616:
1607:
1600:
1594:
1588:Smith, p. 183
1585:
1577:
1576:
1571:
1565:
1559:Smith, p. 180
1556:
1547:
1538:
1532:Smith, p. 168
1529:
1520:
1514:Smith, p. 140
1511:
1502:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1465:
1456:
1454:
1447:Smith, p. 129
1444:
1442:
1435:Smith, p. 127
1432:
1423:
1416:
1410:
1404:Smith, p. 161
1401:
1395:Smith, p. 102
1392:
1383:
1374:
1365:
1356:
1347:
1338:
1336:
1326:
1324:
1314:
1305:
1296:
1287:
1278:
1269:
1260:
1251:
1242:
1226:
1222:
1216:
1201:
1197:
1190:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1160:
1151:
1142:
1126:
1122:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1087:
1082:
1078:
1071:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1028:Crean Glacier
1025:
1021:
1020:Victoria Land
1017:
1007:
1005:
1001:
996:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
973:
971:
967:
966:Black and Tan
963:
959:
951:
946:
942:
940:
936:
935:
929:
925:
920:
918:
914:
910:
906:
896:
894:
890:
886:
882:
877:
875:
870:
866:
857:
853:
851:
850:Frank Worsley
845:
843:
839:
838:
833:
829:
825:
824:South Georgia
815:
811:
809:
805:
804:Hubert Hudson
800:
799:Paulet Island
796:
793:Snow Hill or
791:
787:
782:
779:
773:
771:
770:RRS Discovery
762:
757:
752:
748:
740:
734:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
699:
693:
690:
685:
681:
679:
674:
672:
666:
664:
655:
651:
649:
645:
639:
637:
634:, Bowers and
633:
632:Edward Wilson
629:
625:
621:
616:
612:
604:
599:
595:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
567:
562:
558:
548:
546:
542:
541:
536:
535:
530:
529:
524:
523:
518:
517:
512:
508:
507:Chatham, Kent
503:
501:
497:
492:
490:
487:mark, set by
486:
482:
481:Edward Wilson
477:
476:Michael Barne
472:
470:
466:
461:
457:
456:McMurdo Sound
453:
443:
438:
433:
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
408:
403:
402:
397:
393:
392:
387:
383:
382:
377:
373:
369:
368:
362:
358:
357:
352:
348:
347:
341:
339:
335:
330:
328:
324:
320:
310:
308:
303:
301:
297:
293:
289:
288:
283:
279:
275:
274:
268:
266:
262:
261:
256:
252:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
230:'s 1911â1913
229:
225:
220:
218:
214:
206:
202:
198:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
146:
142:
138:
134:
131:
128:
122:
119:
116:
112:
106:
102:
98:
88:
84:
80:
77:Gurtuchrane,
67:
63:
59:
55:
49:
45:
40:
37:Crean on the
34:
29:
22:
19:
6312:
6094:
6056:
5985:Shore party:
5984:
5879:
5767:
5757:
5747:
5651:
5639:Pole of Cold
5637:
5563:
5554:
5522:
5515:
5491:
5462:
5448:
5442:Borchgrevink
5434:
5421:
5406:
5386:
5371:
5340:
5321:
5314:
5298:
5284:
5275:
5258:
5251:
5232:
5220:
5196:
5182:
5175:
5163:
5149:
5135:
5121:
5114:
5075:
5067:
5053:
5046:
5044:
5026:
5018:
5011:
4998:
4989:
4972:
4951:
4943:
4934:
4927:
4915:
4908:
4894:
4882:Pourquoi-Pas
4881:
4873:
4865:
4857:
4852:Orcadas Base
4850:
4842:
4829:
4823:C. A. Larsen
4811:
4803:
4789:
4782:
4769:
4761:
4755:Borchgrevink
4748:
4740:
4697:
4689:
4664:C. A. Larsen
4657:
4638:
4629:
4611:
4593:
4584:
4571:
4556:
4547:
4534:
4495:
4481:
4474:
4455:
4440:
4350:
4343:
4326:
4319:
4305:
4290:
4276:
4263:
4238:
4224:
4222:
4208:
4206:
4200:
4198:
4164:
4157:
4138:
4104:
4102:
4088:
4086:
4068:
4058:
4056:
4036:
4034:
4015:
3891:
3849:
3832:
3800:
3764:
3762:
3742:
3741:
3721:
3720:
3706:
3693:
3678:
3664:
3655:
3642:
3613:
3601:Investigator
3600:
3591:
3567:
3554:
3546:
3537:
3524:
3495:
3472:
3457:
3442:
3412:
3397:
3367:
3286:
3266:
3237:
3233:Erik the Red
3215:
3193:
3186:
3143:submersibles
3140:
3134:Arktika 2007
3132:
3125:
3118:
3115:
3099:
3090:
3087:
3068:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3023:
3016:
2992:
2978:
2977:
2969:
2967:
2933:
2931:
2902:
2899:
2888:S. A. Andrée
2880:
2867:
2842:
2834:
2831:
2807:
2789:
2776:
2767:
2749:
2740:
2738:
2704:
2548:
2527:
2504:
2485:
2459:
2437:
2418:
2399:
2377:
2368:
2346:
2326:
2303:
2300:Crane, David
2280:
2257:
2233:. Retrieved
2229:
2220:
2208:. Retrieved
2204:
2194:
2182:. Retrieved
2177:
2167:
2141:. Retrieved
2131:
2119:. Retrieved
2115:The Guardian
2114:
2104:
2092:. Retrieved
2088:
2078:
2066:. Retrieved
2061:
2052:
2032:
2025:
2016:
2004:. Retrieved
2000:
1990:
1978:. Retrieved
1969:
1957:. Retrieved
1952:
1943:
1931:. Retrieved
1926:
1917:
1907:
1888:
1864:. Retrieved
1860:
1848:
1839:
1830:
1821:
1812:
1800:. Retrieved
1795:
1771:
1762:
1753:
1744:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1699:
1690:
1681:
1672:
1651:
1642:
1633:
1624:
1615:
1606:
1598:
1593:
1584:
1573:
1564:
1555:
1546:
1537:
1528:
1519:
1510:
1501:
1464:
1431:
1422:
1414:
1409:
1400:
1391:
1382:
1373:
1364:
1355:
1346:
1329:Smith, p. 70
1313:
1304:
1299:Smith, p. 55
1295:
1290:Smith, p. 46
1286:
1277:
1268:
1263:Smith, p. 31
1259:
1254:Smith, p. 29
1250:
1241:
1229:. Retrieved
1224:
1215:
1203:. Retrieved
1195:
1163:Smith, p. 19
1159:
1154:Smith, p. 18
1150:
1145:Smith, p. 16
1141:
1129:. Retrieved
1124:
1081:
1066:
1061:
1052:hiking poles
1046:
1035:
1013:
997:
991:ambush near
974:
954:
938:
933:
927:
921:
912:
905:warrant rank
902:
884:
878:
868:
862:
846:
835:
832:Harry McNish
820:
807:
785:
783:
774:
769:
766:
760:
738:
727:Albert Medal
711:Polar Medals
697:
694:
686:
682:
675:
667:
660:
640:
624:Edward Evans
608:
572:
539:
533:
527:
521:
515:
510:
504:
495:
493:
473:
468:
451:
450:
441:
415:
411:
406:
399:
390:
380:
367:Royal Arthur
366:
360:
355:
345:
342:
331:
327:County Kerry
316:
306:
304:
286:
272:
269:
259:
248:
244:Edward Evans
226:, including
221:
197:Thomas Crean
196:
195:
151:Albert Medal
91:(1938-07-27)
89:27 July 1938
60:Thomas Crean
18:
6330:1938 deaths
6325:1877 births
6109:Greenstreet
5796:Caird Coast
5758:James Caird
5342:Lake Vostok
5292:Tryoshnikov
5214:Schlossbach
5105:Christensen
5047:James Caird
4968:E. R. Evans
4734:Dobrowolski
4704:de Gerlache
4406:Expeditions
4292:Aviaarktika
4246:Samoylovich
4117:Kolomeitsev
4011:Middendorff
3971:Gedenshtrom
3391:I. Fyodorov
3153:Chilingarov
3041:E. Fyodorov
2648:Expeditions
1597:Huntford:
1570:"No. 28740"
1016:Mount Crean
981:County Cork
917:Polar Medal
885:James Caird
869:James Caird
837:James Caird
790:Weddell Sea
701:arrived in
628:Edgar Evans
603:Edgar Evans
460:man-haulers
386:able seaman
356:Devastation
346:Impregnable
157:Polar Medal
47:Native name
6319:Categories
6237:Stephenson
6230:Shackleton
6207:Mrs Chippy
6074:Blackborow
6019:Mackintosh
5776:Luis Pardo
5565:Terra Nova
5470:Shackleton
5413:J. C. Ross
5372:Resolution
5362:South Pole
5137:New Swabia
5061:Mackintosh
5033:Shackleton
4952:Terra Nova
4945:Terra Nova
4679:Heroic Age
4639:Challenger
4599:J. C. Ross
4509:Bransfield
4441:Resolution
4356:icebreaker
4320:Chelyuskin
4061:expedition
4039:Expedition
3981:Matyushkin
3939:Kh. Laptev
3934:Chelyuskin
3828:Heemskerck
3818:Chancellor
3813:Willoughby
3808:Koch boats
3751:Stefansson
3685:McClintock
3649:Inglefield
3491:J. C. Ross
3398:Resolution
3250:Cunningham
3148:Sagalevich
2837:expedition
2796:Stephenson
2756:C. F. Hall
2743:expedition
2717:J. C. Ross
2680:Heemskerck
2667:North Pole
2327:Shackleton
2247:References
2178:www.rte.ie
2121:20 October
1959:16 January
1933:16 January
1866:3 November
1802:8 December
1599:Shackleton
1413:Huntford (
1086:Smith 2010
1032:Crean Lake
960:and later
907:of acting
899:Later life
842:Frank Wild
698:Terra Nova
611:South Pole
580:Cape Evans
555:See also:
522:Victorious
412:Ringarooma
407:Ringarooma
334:Royal Navy
273:Terra Nova
260:Ringarooma
255:Royal Navy
130:Royal Navy
114:Allegiance
71:1877-02-16
57:Birth name
6223:Rickinson
6216:Orde-Lees
6057:Endurance
5962:Stenhouse
5894:d'Anglade
5870:Personnel
5852:Stromness
5803:Cave Cove
5788:Locations
5664:Tolstikov
5450:Discovery
5420:HMS
5405:HMS
5387:Adventure
5385:HMS
5370:HMS
5306:Tolstikov
5027:Endurance
4812:Antarctic
4797:Drygalski
4770:Discovery
4763:Discovery
4724:Arctowski
4637:HMS
4610:HMS
4604:Abernethy
4592:HMS
4570:USS
4557:Vincennes
4555:USS
4535:Astrolabe
4475:San Telmo
4456:Adventure
4454:HMS
4439:HMS
4434:Kerguelen
4396:Continent
4381:Antarctic
4258:Urvantsev
4216:Vilkitsky
4069:Jeannette
4067:USS
4059:Jeannette
4023:Weyprecht
4001:Pakhtusov
3951:Chichagov
3944:D. Laptev
3887:Permyakov
3862:Stadukhin
3857:Perfilyev
3834:Mangazeya
3772:H. Larsen
3737:Rasmussen
3692:HMS
3663:USS
3612:HMS
3599:HMS
3563:Collinson
3553:HMS
3545:HMS
3523:HMS
3471:HMS
3456:HMS
3441:HMS
3426:Mackenzie
3413:Discovery
3411:HMS
3396:HMS
3368:Discovery
3347:Frobisher
3310:Rasmussen
3223:Gunnbjörn
3169:Greenland
3098:USS
3089:USS
2961:Ellsworth
2903:Roosevelt
2833:Nansen's
2790:Discovery
2788:HMS
2775:HMS
2722:Abernethy
2690:Marmaduke
2278:(1997) .
2235:30 August
2210:30 August
2184:23 August
2143:23 August
2094:23 August
2068:23 August
2006:23 August
1980:23 August
1417:), p. 455
1205:13 August
1192:(paywall)
1062:Tom Crean
1024:Greenland
950:Annascaul
932:HMS
928:Endurance
913:Endurance
909:boatswain
893:Stromness
874:glaciated
808:Endurance
786:Endurance
761:Endurance
739:Endurance
576:Hut Point
528:Albemarle
496:Discovery
452:Discovery
442:Discovery
416:Discovery
381:Wild Swan
365:HMS
361:Wild Swan
351:Devonport
319:Annascaul
287:Endurance
251:Annascaul
183:Signature
167:Spouse(s)
139:1893â1920
99:, Ireland
79:Annascaul
25:Tom Crean
6289:Category
6179:McCarthy
6081:Cheetham
6067:Bakewell
6026:Richards
5968:Thompson
5939:Mugridge
5924:Kavanagh
5899:Donnelly
5676:A. Fuchs
5633:V. Fuchs
5613:McKinley
5576:E. Evans
5535:Bjaaland
5530:Amundsen
5480:Marshall
5393:Furneaux
5245:V. Fuchs
5209:E. Ronne
5204:F. Ronne
5143:Ritscher
4997:SY
4985:Filchner
4929:Framheim
4923:Amundsen
4729:RacoviÈÄ
4714:Amundsen
4709:Lecointe
4578:Ringgold
4572:Porpoise
4462:Furneaux
4298:Shevelev
4253:Begichev
4232:Amundsen
4194:NagĂłrski
4172:Brusilov
4166:Sv. Anna
4080:Melville
4050:Palander
4006:Tsivolko
3966:Sannikov
3961:Billings
3904:Chirikov
3823:Barentsz
3765:St. Roch
3756:Bartlett
3730:Amundsen
3714:Sverdrup
3614:Resolute
3503:Franklin
3431:Kotzebue
3298:Sverdrup
3281:Scoresby
3255:Lindenov
3106:Plaisted
3091:Nautilus
3036:Shirshov
3010:Belyakov
3005:Baydukov
2979:Nautilus
2941:Amundsen
2901:SS
2860:Sverdrup
2855:Johansen
2825:Brainard
2820:Lockwood
2675:Barentsz
2458:(1999).
2398:(1998).
2324:(2004).
2302:(2005).
2256:(2001).
2201:"Awards"
2153:cite web
2117:. London
1601:, p. 477
1131:25 March
889:crampons
715:George V
713:by King
592:ice floe
511:Pembroke
391:Defiance
175:Children
124:Service/
6301:Commons
6265:Worsley
6244:Vincent
6186:McIlroy
6172:Marston
6165:Macklin
6116:Holness
6039:Stevens
5998:Hayward
5934:Maugher
5929:Larkman
5909:Glidden
5904:Downing
5681:Messner
5628:Hillary
5608:Balchen
5556:Polheim
5550:Wisting
5428:Crozier
5400:Weddell
5378:J. Cook
5348:Kapitsa
5329:Fiennes
5271:Klenova
5240:Hillary
5190:Ketchum
5116:BANZARE
5091:·
4936:Polheim
4902:Shirase
4888:Charcot
4698:Belgica
4617:Crozier
4529:Morrell
4524:Weddell
4502:Lazarev
4447:J. Cook
4401:History
4351:Arktika
4327:Krassin
4312:Voronin
4284:Schmidt
4270:Ushakov
4209:Vaygach
4177:Albanov
4146:Rusanov
4127:Kolchak
4122:Matisen
4096:Makarov
4075:De Long
3976:Wrangel
3956:Lyakhov
3909:Malygin
3867:Dezhnev
3694:Pandora
3665:Advance
3632:Kennedy
3627:Belcher
3620:Kellett
3607:McClure
3531:Beechey
3525:Blossom
3518:Simpson
3486:Crozier
3479:Hoppner
3436:J. Ross
3404:J. Cook
3352:Gilbert
3245:J. Hall
3211:IngĂłlfr
3201:Naddodd
3195:Vikings
3182:Brendan
3177:Pytheas
3165:Iceland
3119:Arktika
3111:Herbert
3076:Badygin
3046:Krenkel
3031:Papanin
3000:Chkalov
2986:Wilkins
2951:Wisting
2895:F. Cook
2801:Markham
2761:Bessels
2750:Polaris
2741:Polaris
2712:J. Ross
2695:Carolus
2643:History
865:whaling
828:rookery
663:icefall
540:Bulwark
321:on the
6258:Wordie
6200:McNish
6193:McLeod
6144:Hussey
6137:Hurley
6130:Hudson
5973:Warren
5944:Ninnis
5880:Aurora
5768:Yelcho
5748:Aurora
5738:Events
5591:Bowers
5586:Wilson
5545:Hassel
5540:Helmer
5509:Mackay
5499:Mawson
5464:Nimrod
5422:Terror
5407:Erebus
5334:Burton
5129:Rymill
5005:Mawson
4999:Aurora
4978:Lashly
4963:Wilson
4866:Nimrod
4843:Scotia
4650:Murray
4625:Cooper
4612:Terror
4594:Erebus
4563:Wilkes
4514:Palmer
4482:Vostok
4429:Bouvet
4353:-class
4333:Gakkel
4201:Taymyr
4182:Konrad
4151:Kuchin
4089:Yermak
3996:Lavrov
3914:Ovtsyn
3899:Bering
3877:Ivanov
3840:Hudson
3802:Pomors
3779:Cowper
3744:Karluk
3643:Isabel
3637:Bellot
3587:Austin
3555:Terror
3547:Erebus
3443:Griper
3419:Clerke
3379:Baffin
3362:Hudson
3293:Nansen
3206:GarĂ°ar
3127:Barneo
2994:ANT-25
2970:Italia
2946:Nobile
2915:Henson
2874:Amedeo
2850:Nansen
2815:Greely
2685:Hudson
2623:Arctic
2555:
2536:
2515:
2492:
2466:
2444:
2425:
2406:
2384:
2353:
2334:
2310:
2288:
2264:
2040:
1227:. 1893
1010:Legacy
1000:Tralee
721:, the
678:scurvy
516:Vernon
219:(AM).
213:seaman
153:(1913)
144:Awards
126:branch
104:Buried
6151:James
6102:Green
6095:Crean
6088:Clark
6012:Joyce
5950:Paton
5919:Hooke
5914:Grady
5889:Atkin
5671:Crary
5618:Dufek
5581:Oates
5571:Scott
5504:David
5485:Adams
5456:Barne
5277:Mirny
5266:Somov
5076:Quest
4973:Crean
4958:Scott
4837:Bruce
4791:Gauss
4784:Gauss
4658:Jason
4645:Nares
4519:Davis
4496:Mirny
4469:Smith
4424:Roché
4344:Lenin
4264:Sadko
4189:Wiese
4134:Sedov
4105:Zarya
4028:Payer
3991:Litke
3986:Anjou
3919:Minin
3882:Vagin
3872:Popov
3845:Poole
3700:Young
3513:Dease
3458:Hecla
3449:Parry
3374:Bylot
3357:Davis
3332:Cabot
3305:Peary
3287:Jason
3274:Egede
3188:Papar
3100:Skate
3081:Wiese
3061:NP-37
3054:NP-36
2934:Norge
2922:Sedov
2910:Peary
2868:Jason
2783:Nares
2777:Alert
2732:Hayes
2700:Parry
2638:Ocean
2400:South
2180:. RTE
1857:(PDF)
1231:9 May
1074:Notes
993:Upton
934:Hecla
534:Essex
445:'
401:Vivid
372:rated
201:Irish
6251:Wild
6158:Kerr
6045:Wild
6005:Jack
5992:Gaze
5987:Cope
5978:Wise
5956:Shaw
5603:Byrd
5524:Fram
5475:Wild
5157:Marr
5123:BGLE
5110:Byrd
5038:Wild
4917:Fram
4719:Cook
4240:AARI
4225:Maud
4112:Toll
4037:Vega
3723:GjĂža
3708:Fram
3671:Kane
3508:Back
3473:Fury
3464:Lyon
3386:Munk
3025:NP-1
2927:Byrd
2844:Fram
2835:Fram
2727:Kane
2553:ISBN
2534:ISBN
2513:ISBN
2490:ISBN
2464:ISBN
2442:ISBN
2423:ISBN
2404:ISBN
2382:ISBN
2351:ISBN
2332:ISBN
2308:ISBN
2286:ISBN
2262:ISBN
2237:2024
2212:2024
2186:2021
2159:link
2145:2015
2123:2011
2096:2021
2070:2021
2038:ISBN
2008:2021
1982:2021
1961:2018
1935:2018
1868:2021
1804:2008
1233:2021
1207:2009
1133:2021
1030:and
1004:Cork
881:adze
749:and
717:and
622:and
586:and
559:and
537:and
97:Cork
86:Died
65:Born
6123:How
5300:3rd
5286:2nd
5260:1st
5093:IGY
5089:IPY
3679:Fox
3575:Rae
3141:Mir
3117:NS
1060:RV
1040:by
989:IRA
374:an
349:at
325:in
280:'s
207:;
6321::
4205:/
2511:.
2507:.
2228:.
2203:.
2176:.
2155:}}
2151:{{
2113:.
2087:.
2060:.
1999:.
1951:.
1925:.
1897:^
1876:^
1859:.
1794:.
1780:^
1660:^
1572:.
1487:^
1473:^
1452:^
1440:^
1334:^
1322:^
1223:.
1198:.
1194:.
1168:^
1123:.
1093:^
630:,
531:,
209:c.
203::
5723:e
5716:t
5709:v
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4619:)
4615:(
4606:)
4597:(
2602:e
2595:t
2588:v
2561:.
2542:.
2521:.
2498:.
2472:.
2450:.
2431:.
2412:.
2390:.
2359:.
2340:.
2316:.
2294:.
2270:.
2239:.
2214:.
2188:.
2161:)
2147:.
2125:.
2098:.
2072:.
2046:.
2010:.
1984:.
1963:.
1937:.
1870:.
1806:.
1235:.
1209:.
1135:.
199:(
178:3
73:)
69:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
