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good as he should be to run whatever he's running, that's the day I will ask him to submit his resignation," said Koch. "I think Ben Ward will go down as one of the greatest police commissioners this city has ever had. Bob McGuire is the other, and I appointed both of them." However, Koch's support eroded as evidence mounted that municipal disorganization and a lack of police leadership that night likely sparked the riots. "The film that I saw causes me to believe that there may have been an overreaction. I was not happy with what I saw on film. Those films were disturbing to me, and I think they disturbed Ben Ward as well."
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duties. Deputy
Inspector Joseph Wodarski, the senior officer at the scene in Darcy's absence, was not demoted but transferred from his prestigious post as commander of the Midtown South precinct to a "less sensitive" command. Captain McNamara, the lowest-ranking commander at the scene, was temporarily relieved of his post, but was allowed to resume command of the precinct the next year. Ward said that McNamara's actions were "not well planned, staffed, supervised or executed, acted in good faith and made judgments that were within the level of his experience," after Darcy and Wodarski failed to act.
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fighting. The police helicopter used to illuminate the area only attracted bigger crowds. Several nearby rooftops were not secured by police and were used to throw bottles and debris at people on the street. Ward said the mounted police were brought to the scene too soon and acted too rashly to confront protesters. A temporary headquarters was set up right in the middle of the park, causing officers unfamiliar with the East
Village—who rushed to the scene from throughout the city—to push their way through demonstrators to reach it. Once at the headquarters, they found no high-ranking officer on duty.
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786:. The concert has become a yearly ritual to mark the 1988 riots. According to the NYPD, when officers attempted an arrest for an open container of alcohol, concertgoers "surrounded and assaulted" the officers. Six arrests were made on charges including assault inciting to riot. "It was a confrontation obviously. I don't know if 'riot' is the right word", said Detective Gifford, a Police Department spokesperson. Reportedly, some of the
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the end of the call several civilians and six officers were treated for injuries, and four men were arrested on charges of reckless endangerment and inciting to riot. Sarah
Lewison, an eyewitness, said the protest was over rumors of a midnight curfew at the park and another witness, John McDermott, said the police provoked the melee. Angry organizers planned another rally for August 6.
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seventy protesters re-entered the park. A witness said the mob rammed a police barricade through the glass door of the
Christodora House, a high-rise luxury building on Avenue B. They overturned planters and tore a lamp out of the wall, threatened residents and staff with bodily harm, and screamed and chanted "Die
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It was noted that Mayor Koch held steadfast in his support of Ward. Although Koch said he was "shocked" by the videotape of the police response, as he had done in the past he refused to utter a negative word about Ward. "The day I think that a commissioner, including a police commissioner, isn't as
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A city review of the riot turned up numerous problems with the police department's actions that night, including a failure to contact either
Commissioner Ward or Mayor Koch. In the middle of the riot the commander left the scene to go to the bathroom at the station house, several blocks away from the
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issued a scathing report laying the blame for the riot squarely on the precinct. The police actions were "not well planned, staffed, supervised or executed... which culminated in a riot." Ward announced the retirement of Deputy Chief Thomas J. Darcy, who was absent from the scene and derelict in his
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On August 6, police were present to meet the protesters. "It's time to bring a little law and order back to the park and restore it to the legitimate members of the community," said
Captain McNamara. "We don't want to get into a situation where we under-police something like this and it turns into a
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Neighborhood residents, voicing their preferences through at least four community organizations, had differing perspectives on the evolving nature of the park, and what actions should or should not be taken. The Avenue A Block
Association (made up of local businesses) insisted a curfew be introduced.
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when he was suddenly struck on the head. "I was just standing there watching," he said. "The next thing that I remember is seeing the stick, and then a young woman who was helping me." Patterson's videotape showed that no officers helped Fish until an ambulance arrived. A police helicopter hovered
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Though the park was a de facto homeless shelter, some residents considered the police department's actions an attempt to take the park away from the public. Protests were organized and a rally called for July 31. That night, police entered the park in response to alleged noise complaints, and by
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During a lull in the riot, a young officer on
Patterson's video appealed for understanding from the protesters. He tried to calmly tell them how unhappy the police were with the assignment and its aftermath. "We've got cops back there in ambulances who've been hit." But the lull ended. Thirty to
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ripped open old wounds about brutality and the neighborhood's housing problem many longtime residents faced. "The police, by acting in the brutal fashion that they did, managed to link a small group of crazies to the legitimate sentiments of opposition to gentrification," said
Valerio Orselli,
340:, the park held a symbolic place in the New York labor movement. In the years leading up to 1988, the East Village — and Tompkins Square Park in particular — had become a gathering place and home for the wayward and contingents of the homeless and rowdy youth, growing into a large
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journalists that most crime in New York City was committed by young black men and later told black ministers in reference to that remark, "our little secret is out." He told a woman who was scared about a series of rapes that she was the type of woman a rapist would go after.
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Mayor Koch called the park a "cesspool" where "sandboxes are soiled with feces and urine." Koch admitted he had not seen the feces and urine himself. "There are people, hundreds of them, I'm told, who park there all 24 hours a day, and obviously there are bodily needs."
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Eventually the brutality complaints ballooned to over 100. Video and images of "police officers striking demonstrators with nightsticks and kicking other apparently defenseless people while they were lying on the ground" were flashed continuously across the media.
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On June 28, 1988, the
Community Board 3 approved a report that included a proposal for a 1 a.m. curfew. While there was some controversy about how well-informed the voting board members were, board manager Martha Danziger affirmed the validity of the decision. The
268:. Groups of "drug pushers, homeless people and young people known as squatters and punks," had largely taken over the park. The East Village and Alphabet City communities were divided about what, if anything, should be done about it. The local governing body,
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Ward himself had been the subject of controversy in the past, and the riot became a cause to reflect on the negative aspects of his record as Commissioner. After 10 people were shot in Brooklyn in 1984, nobody could find him for days. He appeared drunk at a
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Although bottles were reportedly thrown, it was the police who charged the crowd. Despite NYPD protestations that their actions were measured, "The police panicked and were beating up bystanders who had done nothing wrong and were just observing," said poet
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Another rally was held on August 6. Here, the police charged a crowd of protesters, and a riot ensued. Bystanders, activists, police officers, neighborhood residents and journalists were caught up in the violence. Despite a brief lull in the fighting, the
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is Class War". By the time dawn broke, 38 people, including reporters and police officers, suffered injuries. In total, nine people were arrested on riot, assault and other charges, and six complaints of police brutality were logged with the
733:, sang through a bullhorn and claimed industrial society was on the verge of collapse and that a police state was imminent. The overturned glass signified the band's slogan "the party's over," and the dates an allusion to the year the
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quoted a handbill for The Backyards, a band looking for a drummer: "Must be dedicated, hard-hitting, in it for life. Willing to die naked in an alley for your anti-art. Outcasts and social rejects preferred but not essential." The
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Two officers were charged with use of excessive force. Officer Karen Connelly was accused of using her nightstick "wrongfully and without just cause" to strike a civilian, and Philip O'Reilly, who was accused of interfering with
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A neighborhood divided over their feelings about police were united against their aggression. "The streets were full of people who I see coming out of their houses every morning with briefcases...I mean people who work on
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When questioned about the brutality, Captain McNamara said, "It was a hot night. There was a lot of debris being thrown through the air. Obviously tempers flared. But all these allegations will be investigated." Mayor
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Hundreds of officers were called out on a steamy Saturday for the worst violence the city had seen in years, yet Koch did not know about it until the next day and said he did not speak to Ward about it until Monday.
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766:, by Jonathan Larson. The main character, Mark Cohen, films the riots which ... the nightly news. Paul Garrin is the real-life person who witnessed the riots, videotaped them as he was being beaten by the police.
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646:. Board 3 and the nonprofit social service organizations supported the goal of clearing Tompkins Square Park of the drug dealers, drunks, addicts and anti-social elements that considered it home. Instead, the
666:, and a resident of forty-one years: "Of course still attracts a lot of freaks, because it's still a place you can be free. For a lot of kids, coming here is a way to get away from the choking atmosphere of
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454:, a local resident and witness. Captain McNamara countered, "We did everything in our power not to provoke an incident. They didn't charge the crowd until the bricks and bottles started flying."
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adopted a 1 a.m. curfew for the previously 24-hour park, in an attempt to bring it under control. On July 31, a protest rally against the curfew saw several clashes between protesters and police.
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later adopted the curfew. Park workers painted a warning on the ground days after the Association made its decision. On July 11 the police, under the direction of Captain Gerald McNamara of the
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were lodged following the riot. Much blame was laid on poor police handling and the commander of the precinct in charge was deprived of office for a year. In an editorial entitled "Yes, a
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ran into the crowds with horses. I saw residents pulled off their stoops ... They cracked my friend's head open. It didn't matter if you were a journalist or a resident or a storekeeper.
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temporarily rescinded the curfew. The neighborhood, previously divided over how to deal with the park, was unanimous in its condemnation of the heavy-handed actions of the police.
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Other groups such as Friends of Tompkins Square Park and political organizers on the poorer east side of the park preferred that no curfew be imposed, and
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director of the Cooper Square Committee, a nonprofit housing group. "Now the issue has become police brutality, not housing. It's set everyone back."
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photographer Angel Franco saw the police beat a couple who emerged from a grocery store; when he tried to take photographs, an officer clubbed him. A
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1954:
364:, confined homeless people to the park's southeast quadrant, and evicted all others. They closed the park down periodically over the next two weeks.
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753:, commemorates the riots and typifies the post-riot public outcry, in which the issue of police brutality outshined the issues of gentrification.
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reporter, Natalie Byfield, was also clubbed on the head. Both were wearing cards identifying them as the press. Jeff Dean Kuipers, a reporter for
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reporter McFadden described as a bloody "war zone." Around 11:30 p.m., 150 or 200 (police estimates were 700) protesters came through the
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in the same attack taped by Garrin. Mr. Fish, a travel promoter out for an evening on the town, attempted to hail a taxi on Avenue A near
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710:, the clash had its roots in music. News articles about the riots described some of the music groups who were involved in the melée .
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for their candor in a report that confirmed what ubiquitous media images made clear: the NYPD were responsible for inciting a riot.
2686:
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670:." Thirty-year resident Barbara Shawm protested the East Village's dangerous reputation: "A 90-pound woman can easily fend off a
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bottles were thrown, causing some in the crowd to pour beer over fellow concertgoers. On August 6, 2006, a fight broke out in a
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overlooks Tompkins Square Park. It served as a place for protesters to organize and receive medical attention during the riot.
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recommended the officers be charged, and Commissioner Ward endorsed the recommendations. The officers were tried before the
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2578:
2234:
2022:
1493:
The Complete Misfits Discography: Authorized Releases and Bootlegs, Including Recordings by Danzig, Samhain and The Undead
1934:
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used stun guns on suspects and in 1986 officers in Brooklyn stole and sold drugs. He was lambasted in 1987 for telling
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also takes place in an abandoned lot, located in Alphabet City, where the homeless people have set up a tent city.
31:
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470:, was clubbed after an officer told his African-American companion, Tisha Pryor, to "move along, you black
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757:'s 1993 song "There's a Riot In Tompkins Square" also responded to the continued unrest in the area.
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642:, and they're standing in the street screaming 'Kill the pigs!'" said Phil Van Aver, a member of
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Graffiti on a traffic signal box in the East Village advertising riot reunion concerts in 2012
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and "1988 - 1933"—was found everywhere on the walls of the East Village. The band's singer,
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Koch Suspends Park Curfew Following bloody clash in Tompkins Square, Manuel Perez-Rivas,
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shows officers swinging clubs at him and slamming him against a wall. Photographer
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Pryor is in tears, with blood running down her neck, in a videotape made by artist
292:
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1623:
Selling the Lower East Side: Culture, Real Estate, and Resistance in New York City
625:, OATH recommended that the charges against Philip Ă“Reilly be dismissed, while in
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1795:
1642:"20 Years After Unrest, Class Tensions Have Faded and Punk Rock Will Be Played"
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photographer Franco, and of using his nightstick to injure Franco's hand. The
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Scum". At 6 a.m., the last protesters dispersed, vowing to demonstrate again.
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The Tompkins Square riots also parallel the riot scene in the Broadway play,
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The city was on edge and in the midst of this, the park was turned into what
306:
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79:
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New York City Parks and Recreation Department entry for Tompkins Square Park
401:
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Photographer John McBride's website includes riot photos from 1988 and 1989
372:
104:
2435:
1986:
1688:
Resistance: A Radical Political and Social History of the Lower East Side
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707:
647:
639:
503:
296:
1733:
321:
1025:
Homesteading in New York City, 1978–1993: The Divided Heart of Loisaida
754:
568:
1619:"Targeting the Middle Class: Cultures of Resistance and Class Warfare"
719:
341:
261:
1418:"The Talk of the East Village; A Neighborhood of Vigorous Opinions,"
1242:"Findings on Tompkins Sq. Prompt 2 Police Supervisors to Lose Posts"
2392:
2382:
1314:"Koch Changes Tune on Melee", Richard Esposito and Clara Hemphill,
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744:
683:
667:
1433:, August 13, 1988, Section 1; Page 29, Column 2; Metropolitan Desk
1305:, August 13, 1988, Section 1; Page 30, Column 1; Metropolitan Desk
1285:, August 20, 1988, Section 1; Page 31, Column 2; Metropolitan Desk
1248:, August 25, 1988, Section A; Page 1, Column 2; Metropolitan Desk
1334:, August 25, 1988, Section B; Page 6, Column 1; Metropolitan Desk
1200:, August 7, 1988, Section B; Page 3, Column 6; Metropolitan Desk
892:
845:
822:
629:
OATH recommended that Karen Connelly's employment be terminated.
573:
536:
489:
438:
285:
122:
1625:. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. pp. 255–280.
1179:, August 1, 1988, Section B; Page 3, Column 6; Metropolitan Desk
994:"It's a real miracle on Avenue B as St. Brigid's Church reopens"
1739:
982:, August 26, 1988, Section A; Page 30, Column 1; Editorial Desk
798:
when Leftöver Crack again played the riot anniversary concert.
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528:
510:, taking still photos of the riot that were to be published in
471:
108:
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Many people relished the neighborhood as a home for society's
1194:"Park Curfew Protest Erupts Into a Battle And 38 Are Injured"
898:
Mayor Ed Koch on the Tompkins Square Park Police Riot of 1988
281:
1262:"NYPD riot action a far cry from glory days", John Goldman,
941:"Message in a Bottle: Homesteaders Rock the Lower East Side"
3038:
List of incidents of civil unrest in Colonial North America
1746:
The Shadow (Underground Newspaper from the Lower East Side)
1667:
Captured: A Film & Video History of the Lower East Side
791:
118:
2484:
Riots and civil unrest in the history of the United States
1071:"Melee in Tompkins Sq. Park: Violence and Its Provocation"
1022:
3074:
New York City Police Department corruption and misconduct
1745:
592:
convention in 1984; under his watch in 1985, officers in
405:
Flyer for the August 6, 1988 Tompkins Square Park rally.
1330:"More Officers May Be Facing Charges", by Sarah Lyall,
818:
List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States
725:
were active in the riots and their logo—an overturned
226:
1301:"Koch's Verdict: Ward Not Guilty" by Richard Levine,
1135:"Condominiums Divide Angry Tompkins Square Residents"
1102:"Tompkins Square riots burn again in black and white"
985:
3018:
2024 pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses
2064:
2004 Republican National Convention protest activity
1212:, "Night Clubbing" by C. Carr, August 16, 1988 pg.10
861:"Man Refuses to Surrender Film of Clash With Police"
778:
On November 7, 2004, about 1,000 people gathered in
1780:
421:
entrance to the park, holding banners proclaiming "
1685:
1664:
1662:
808:List of incidents of civil unrest in New York City
523:over the scene, contributing to a sense of chaos.
1346:"Union Leader Backs Police in Tompkins Sq. Clash"
1166:"Residents Clash With the Police In Village Park"
1093:
3055:
2950:2016 Malheur National Wildlife Refuge occupation
1537:"Freeing the 'Net through wind-powered wireless"
887:
885:
2867:George Floyd protests in Minneapolis–Saint Paul
234:Tompkin Square Park's location in New York City
2873:2020–2023 Minneapolis–Saint Paul racial unrest
678:. They're not dangerous. It's more dangerous
3003:2021 United States inauguration week protests
2687:1993 Southern Ohio Correctional Facility riot
2468:
1766:
1132:
882:
539:was forced to temporarily revoke the curfew.
387:
2633:2006 North County Correctional Facility riot
2318:Prospect Park alleged police sodomy incident
2150:Black Lives Matter protests in New York City
2115:1992 Patrolmen's Benevolent Association Riot
1740:Clayton Patterson's "Captured" Official Site
1384:, OATH Index No.453/88 (December 20, 1988);
773:
619:Office of Administrative Trials and Hearings
502:. Another video made by freelance cameraman
2928:2013 Michigan State University student riot
1189:
1187:
1185:
284:continued until 6 a.m. the next day. Mayor
2983:2020 Seattle Capitol Hill Occupied Protest
2475:
2461:
1773:
1759:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1395:, OATH Index No.454/88 (January 26, 1989).
1274:
1272:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1237:
1235:
1233:
839:
837:
379:, for many the first sign of East Village
3064:Riots and civil disorder in New York City
3043:Mass racial violence in the United States
2800:2012 Anaheim police shooting and protests
2579:1990 Southport Correctional Facility riot
2521:1983 Dick Conner Correctional Center riot
1297:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1054:
632:
1639:
1326:
1324:
1308:
1182:
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1050:
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1042:
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1038:
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991:
693:
682:— what people do to each other in
567:
437:
400:
371:
320:
27:Riot and civil disorder in New York City
2789:Oscar Grant shooting protests and riots
2735:Michigan State University student riots
2415:Police Athletic League of New York City
2089:Prosecution of Donald Trump in New York
1516:
1398:
1269:
1251:
1230:
1161:
1159:
834:
747:'s song "Hold On", from his 1989 album
14:
3056:
2998:January 6 United States Capitol attack
2069:George Floyd protests in New York City
1977:100 Blacks in Law Enforcement Who Care
1490:Cotter, Robert Michael "Bobb" (2019).
1489:
1344:Hays, Constance L. (August 27, 1988).
1288:
1279:"A Playground 'Derelicts' Can't Enter"
1227:, August 9, 1988, First Section, P. A6
1081:from the original on September 7, 2021
1068:
922:"Class Struggle Erupts Along Avenue B"
689:
248:occurred on August 6–7, 1988 in
3094:Police brutality in the United States
2993:2020–2023 United States racial unrest
2944:Mansur Ball-Bey shooting civil unrest
2730:St. Petersburg, Florida riots of 1996
2623:2003 Eagle Mountain Correctional riot
2456:
1754:
1719:Extract of a book mentioning the riot
1442:
1356:from the original on February 1, 2018
1321:
1031:
992:Anderson, Lincoln (31 January 2013).
938:
919:
858:
782:to attend a concert by the punk band
3114:Police brutality in New York (state)
3084:Political riots in the United States
2878:George Floyd Square occupied protest
2628:2004 San Luis Obispo Mardi Gras riot
2595:1991 Chicago Bulls Championship riot
1616:
1343:
1156:
2960:Keith Lamont Scott shooting rioting
1935:Lower Manhattan Security Initiative
1100:Anderson, Lincoln (5 August 2008).
1023:Hassell, Malve Von Hassell (1996).
790:spit upon and jumped on officers.
514:, was also struck by a policeman's
24:
2884:2020 Minneapolis false rumors riot
2573:Phillip Pannell shooting aftermath
2499:Boston desegregation busing crisis
1728:news report the day after the riot
1640:Moynihan, Colin (August 2, 2008).
1609:
1027:. Bergin & Garvey. p. 44.
590:Patrolmen's Benevolent Association
563:
487:— Jeff Dean Kuipers, to the
25:
3125:
2762:2007 New Castle Correctional riot
2144:A Battle For The Soul of New York
2023:Detectives' Endowment Association
1706:
1004:from the original on 14 July 2014
658:. Getrude Briggs, owner of East
433:
3069:1988 crimes in the United States
2718:Chicago Bulls Championship riots
2278:Beating and rape of Abner Louima
2225:Floyd v. City of New York (2013)
2033:Sergeants Benevolent Association
1069:Purdum, Todd (August 14, 1988).
909:from the original on 2021-12-19.
225:
218:
32:Tompkins Square Park riot (1874)
18:Tompkins Square Park Riot (1988)
2861:Dakota Access Pipeline protests
2160:Civilian Complaint Review Board
1997:New York City Police Foundation
1842:Crime Control Strategies Bureau
1782:New York City Police Department
1594:"Leftöver Crack fires up punks"
1581:
1554:
1529:
1510:
1483:
1436:
1368:
1337:
1215:
1203:
1145:from the original on 2017-02-24
1126:
951:from the original on 2007-09-03
615:Civilian Complaint Review Board
428:Civilian Complaint Review Board
311:New York City Police Department
149:New York City Police Department
2906:Killing of Deona Marie Knajdek
2901:2021 Uptown Minneapolis unrest
2831:Republican National Convention
2553:1988 Tompkins Square Park riot
2110:1857 New York City Police riot
2059:1988 Tompkins Square Park riot
1872:Organized Crime Control Bureau
1525:. No. 44. pp. 25–26.
1517:Monster, Mike (October 1999).
1318:, August 10, 1988, NEWS; Pg. 7
1016:
962:
932:
913:
852:
849:, August 8, 1988, NEWS; Pg. 5.
445:was an eyewitness to the riots
358:New York City Parks Department
274:New York City Parks Department
13:
1:
2666:1992 Washington Heights riots
2298:Hollywood Stuntz gang assault
2028:Police Benevolent Association
1386:Police Department v. Connelly
1375:Police Department v. O'Reilly
920:Wines, Michael (1988-08-10).
828:
627:Police Department v. Connelly
396:
316:
30:For the 1874 labor riot, see
3104:20th-century political riots
2849:Shooting of Philando Castile
2388:Fictional portrayals of NYPD
2358:Killing of Timothy Stansbury
2215:Mollen Commision (1992-1993)
1806:New York City Police Academy
1133:Mark A. Uhlig (1988-08-26).
859:Kurtz, Howard (1988-09-07).
623:Police Department v. Ă“Reilly
550:New York Police Commissioner
542:
338:Tompkins Square Riot of 1874
7:
2795:2011 Oakland general strike
2713:1991 Washington, D.C., riot
2644:2007 MacArthur Park rallies
2200:Hofstadter Committee (1931)
2195:Lexow Committee (1894-1895)
2074:Murder of Russel Timoshenko
1811:New York City Police Museum
1686:Patterson, Clayton (2007).
1663:Patterson, Clayton (2005).
1603:, August 9 August 15, 2006.
801:
644:Manhattan Community Board 3
350:Manhattan Community Board 3
270:Manhattan Community Board 3
10:
3130:
2855:Shooting of Justine Damond
2348:Killing of Ramarley Graham
2338:Killing of Eleanor Bumpurs
2328:Killing of Clifford Glover
1617:Mele, Christopher (2000).
1496:. McFarland. p. 179.
388:Initial rally and protests
29:
3030:
2915:
2823:
2781:
2774:
2705:
2679:
2652:
2610:
2603:
2491:
2370:
2266:
2233:
2187:
2138:
2127:
2102:
2079:New York City draft riots
2054:
2045:
2015:
1972:
1963:
1910:
1887:Special Operations Bureau
1829:
1788:
1443:Cuomo, Stephanie (2020).
774:Riot anniversary concerts
246:Tompkins Square Park riot
213:
209:
189:
184:
164:
159:
137:
132:
114:
95:
52:
44:
40:Tompkins Square Park riot
39:
2747:2003 Benton Harbor riots
2692:Cincinnati riots of 2001
2638:San Bernardino punk riot
2558:1989 SCI Camp Hill riots
2308:Killing of Amadou Diallo
2283:Death of Michael Stewart
2220:Dirty thirty (1993-1995)
2165:Museum of Broken Windows
1992:Housing Authority Police
1950:Strategic Response Group
1945:Special Victims Division
939:Smith, RJ (1988-08-23).
352:took the middle ground.
2939:2015 Baltimore protests
2741:Seattle Mardi Gras riot
2584:1991 FCI Talladega riot
2343:Killing of Gidone Busch
2333:Killing of Edmund Perry
2243:Domain Awareness System
1862:Internal Affairs Bureau
1837:Counterterrorism Bureau
1690:. Seven Stories Press.
1671:. Seven Stories Press.
1578:, November 10–16, 2004.
1568:Punks clash with police
1221:New York Drops Curfew,
383:, and scene of the riot
367:
305:commended Commissioner
291:Over 100 complaints of
272:, recommended, and the
3109:1980s political events
3013:2023 Union Square riot
2895:Daunte Wright protests
2843:Killing of Jamar Clark
2618:1992 Los Angeles riots
2378:9-1-1 Tapping Protocol
2313:Killing of Eric Garner
2303:Killing of Akai Gurley
2258:X-ray vans of the NYPD
2205:Knapp Commision (1970)
1940:School Safety Division
1925:Emergency Service Unit
1877:Patrol Services Bureau
1821:Real Time Crime Center
699:
633:Neighborhood reactions
576:
484:
446:
406:
384:
333:
195:35 injured, 9 arrested
48:August 6–7, 1988
3089:1988 in New York City
2988:2020 Kenosha protests
2977:George Floyd protests
2971:Unite the Right rally
2757:2004 ALCS Game 7 riot
2548:1988 Cedar Grove riot
2323:Murder of Brian Moore
1892:Transportation Bureau
1445:"The Power of a Park"
895:(November 30, 2010).
697:
571:
480:
441:
404:
375:
324:
185:Casualties and losses
143:Protesters, reporters
80:40.72861°N 73.98139°W
3099:Tompkins Square Park
2955:2016 Milwaukee riots
2889:Killing of Dolal Idd
2815:2016 Sacramento riot
2752:2004 ASPC-Lewis riot
2724:West Las Vegas riots
2542:Atlanta prison riots
2353:Killing of Sean Bell
1461:10.15367/pj.v6i1.479
1196:by Robert McFadden,
969:"Yes, a Police Riot"
780:Tompkins Square Park
250:Tompkins Square Park
2966:2016 Portland riots
2923:Akron riots of 2009
2515:Cabbage Patch riots
2410:Police Commissioner
2293:Harlem riot of 1964
2288:Harlem riot of 1943
2253:Moroccan Initiative
1857:Intelligence Bureau
1244:by Todd S. Purdum,
1224:The Washington Post
1114:on 1 September 2013
865:The Washington Post
690:Music and the riots
461:New York Daily News
326:St. Brigid's Church
85:40.72861; -73.98139
76: /
2837:Occupy Minneapolis
2810:2016 Oakland riots
2805:2014 Oakland riots
2737:(1998; 1999; 2005)
2660:Crown Heights riot
2510:1982 Overtown riot
2248:Handschu agreement
2171:Pappas v. Giuliani
2084:Occupy Wall Street
1647:The New York Times
1599:2006-11-14 at the
1574:2006-06-23 at the
1430:The New York Times
1423:2007-03-11 at the
1391:2016-03-02 at the
1380:2016-03-02 at the
1350:The New York Times
1332:The New York Times
1303:The New York Times
1283:The New York Times
1281:, by Todd Purdum,
1246:The New York Times
1198:The New York Times
1177:The New York Times
1171:2007-03-11 at the
1139:The New York Times
1075:The New York Times
980:The New York Times
974:2017-03-23 at the
723:Missing Foundation
712:The New York Times
700:
577:
447:
407:
385:
334:
302:The New York Times
3051:
3050:
3026:
3025:
2770:
2769:
2568:1990 Detroit riot
2532:1984 Detroit riot
2450:
2449:
2366:
2365:
2155:Central Park Five
2123:
2122:
2041:
2040:
1955:Street Crime Unit
1882:Peresonnel Bureau
1816:NYPD 9th Precinct
1801:240 Centre Street
1697:978-1-58322-745-9
1632:978-0-8166-3182-7
1503:978-1-4766-7561-9
1427:by Kirk Johnson,
1264:Los Angeles Times
1210:The Village Voice
945:The Village Voice
512:The Village Voice
500:Clayton Patterson
467:Downtown Magazine
377:Christodora House
260:neighborhoods of
252:, located in the
242:
241:
205:
204:
180:
179:
155:
154:
16:(Redirected from
3121:
2779:
2778:
2697:2005 Toledo riot
2608:
2607:
2537:1987 Tampa riots
2526:Aggieville riots
2505:1980 Miami riots
2477:
2470:
2463:
2454:
2453:
2398:List of officers
2136:
2135:
2052:
2051:
1970:
1969:
1920:Auxiliary Police
1847:Detective Bureau
1775:
1768:
1761:
1752:
1751:
1701:
1682:
1670:
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1549:
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1539:. Archived from
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1191:
1180:
1175:by Sarah Lyall,
1163:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1150:
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1124:
1123:
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1110:. Archived from
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910:
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880:
879:
877:
876:
867:. Archived from
856:
850:
841:
664:Books 'n' Things
598:African American
494:
419:St. Mark's Place
293:police brutality
229:
228:
222:
191:
190:
166:
165:
139:
138:
91:
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88:
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21:
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3124:
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3119:
3118:
3054:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3022:
2933:Ferguson unrest
2911:
2869:(2020–protests)
2819:
2766:
2701:
2675:
2648:
2599:
2563:1989 Miami riot
2487:
2481:
2451:
2446:
2425:Project Griffin
2420:Police vehicles
2404:Marino v. Ortiz
2362:
2270:
2268:
2262:
2229:
2183:
2130:
2119:
2098:
2094:Stonewall riots
2037:
2011:
2002:Shomrim Society
1959:
1912:
1906:
1897:Training Bureau
1825:
1784:
1779:
1709:
1704:
1698:
1679:
1633:
1612:
1610:Further reading
1607:
1601:Wayback Machine
1586:
1582:
1576:Wayback Machine
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1382:Wayback Machine
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1266:August 12, 1988
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1183:
1173:Wayback Machine
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986:
978:, editorial of
976:Wayback Machine
967:
963:
954:
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918:
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903:The Daily Beast
891:
890:
883:
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831:
804:
776:
739:Weimar Republic
692:
635:
566:
564:City's reaction
545:
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3015:
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2995:
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2985:
2980:
2979:(2020–present)
2974:
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2925:
2919:
2917:
2913:
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2898:
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2880:(2020–present)
2875:
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2589:Riverport Riot
2586:
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2539:
2534:
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2489:
2488:
2486:(1980–present)
2480:
2479:
2472:
2465:
2457:
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2445:
2444:
2442:Stop-and-frisk
2439:
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2188:Investigations
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2178:The Seven Five
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2007:Transit Police
2004:
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1982:Cricket League
1979:
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813:List of riots
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731:Peter Missing
728:
727:martini glass
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702:According to
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553:Benjamin Ward
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307:Benjamin Ward
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266:New York City
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258:Alphabet City
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127:demonstration
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59:
58:New York City
55:
51:
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38:
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19:
2775:2008–present
2552:
2528:(1984; 1986)
2434:
2402:
2235:Surveillance
2176:
2169:
2142:
2103:Police riots
2058:
1867:Legal Bureau
1725:
1687:
1666:
1645:
1622:
1589:The Villager
1587:
1583:
1567:
1562:The Villager
1560:
1556:
1545:. Retrieved
1541:the original
1531:
1522:
1519:"The Undead"
1512:
1492:
1485:
1452:
1448:
1438:
1428:
1370:
1360:February 20,
1358:. Retrieved
1349:
1339:
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1315:
1310:
1302:
1282:
1263:
1245:
1222:
1217:
1209:
1205:
1197:
1176:
1147:. Retrieved
1138:
1128:
1116:. Retrieved
1112:the original
1107:The Villager
1105:
1095:
1085:September 7,
1083:. Retrieved
1074:
1024:
1018:
1006:. Retrieved
998:The Villager
997:
987:
979:
964:
953:. Retrieved
944:
934:
925:
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873:. Retrieved
869:the original
864:
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520:Sixth Street
511:
508:John McBride
497:
488:
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459:
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448:
414:
412:
408:
391:
362:9th Precinct
354:
346:
335:
300:
290:
278:
254:East Village
245:
243:
105:homelessness
2935:(2014–2015)
2863:(2016–2017)
2839:(2011–2012)
2720:(1992–1997)
2501:(1974–1988)
2436:Spring 3100
2207:(see also:
2129:Corruption/
1987:FDNY Racing
1449:Perceptions
708:Todd Purdum
648:police riot
640:Wall Street
621:(OATH); in
504:Paul Garrin
297:Police Riot
83: /
3079:1988 riots
3058:Categories
2782:California
2611:California
2269:shootings/
2131:misconduct
1789:Facilities
1547:2010-08-07
1149:2017-02-20
955:2007-06-04
875:2017-07-07
829:References
755:The Undead
717:industrial
660:7th Street
516:nightstick
397:Escalation
336:After the
317:Background
71:73°58′53″W
68:40°43′43″N
2824:Minnesota
2604:1992–2007
2492:1980–1991
2430:The Shack
2267:Killings/
1913:divisions
1656:0362-4331
1477:238083480
1469:2639-6750
720:anarchist
706:reporter
684:elevators
543:Aftermath
410:fiasco."
342:tent city
262:Manhattan
200:3 injured
2653:New York
2393:Launch 5
2383:CompStat
2271:beatings
1726:NY Times
1597:Archived
1572:Archived
1421:Archived
1389:Archived
1378:Archived
1354:Archived
1169:Archived
1143:Archived
1079:Archived
1002:Archived
972:Archived
949:Archived
907:Archived
802:See also
796:mosh pit
750:New York
745:Lou Reed
668:suburbia
656:outcasts
330:Avenue B
309:and the
53:Location
3031:Related
2371:Related
1830:Bureaus
1523:Skratch
1316:Newsday
893:Ed Koch
846:Newsday
823:Protest
574:Ed Koch
537:Ed Koch
490:Newsday
286:Ed Koch
133:Parties
123:protest
115:Methods
107:, park
2973:(2017)
2962:(2016)
2946:(2015)
2916:Others
2908:(2021)
2897:(2021)
2891:(2020)
2857:(2017)
2851:(2016)
2845:(2015)
2833:(2008)
2791:(2009)
2743:(2001)
2726:(1992)
2706:Others
2662:(1991)
2640:(2006)
2591:(1991)
2575:(1990)
2544:(1987)
2517:(1983)
2047:Events
1911:Units/
1694:
1675:
1654:
1629:
1500:
1475:
1467:
1118:8 June
1008:8 June
680:uptown
676:addict
674:or an
662:store
594:Queens
572:Mayor
529:Yuppie
472:nigger
160:Number
109:curfew
1473:S2CID
1455:(1).
788:punks
735:Nazis
704:Times
611:Times
493:press
475:bitch
415:Times
282:melee
96:Goals
2680:Ohio
1692:ISBN
1673:ISBN
1652:ISSN
1627:ISBN
1498:ISBN
1465:ISSN
1362:2017
1120:2014
1087:2021
1010:2014
792:Beer
768:Rent
763:Rent
368:Riot
256:and
244:The
119:Riot
45:Date
1457:doi
686:."
477:."
328:on
299:",
175:450
170:200
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