318:
337:
173:
ways provide constraint in both perpendicular axes, and are usually used when the slide is lifted vertically along the ways and must be prevented from falling off. This type usually has an adjustable tightness to the way using a gib-strip (a metal piece placed on one side of a dovetail to tighten the
208:
The way is lubricated with way oil, which is specially formulated to reduce friction, but has an additive that makes it adhere to the ways, even vertically. The oil is applied to the ways with either grease fittings, or is sometimes continuously pumped through ducts machined into the face of the
120:
Though ways have also been made from wood, the most common material for ways is cast iron, which provides a rigid and durable base for the ways to be formed on. Ways made from cast iron usually have to be scraped into the final dimensions by hand, which is a long and laborious process.
159:
Flat ways are used when there is little requirement for the slide to be constrained perpendicular to the axis of movement, or the constraint is being provided by another component or otherwise not needed, such as on the carriage of a
316:, Daugherty, Jesse, "SLIDING WAY FOR MACHINE TOOLS AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME", published 1951-09-24, issued 1954-04-13, assigned to Giddings & Lewis Machine Tool Company
197:
as reference standards for the flatness, as well as any other similar reference standards (e.g., precision cylindrical standards or rings) if concave or convex cylindrical ways are needed.
74:
for the carriage or sliding element (slide) to move along smoothly. Ways are usually lubricated with way oil (a kind of machine oil specially made to adhere to the ways while vertical).
89:, and nowadays including plastic alloys and special polymer materials. They are crafted with painstaking precision, usually being scraped into near total flatness with
335:, W. Johnson III, Earle, "MACHINE TOOL WAYS", published 1960-04-05, issued 1960-04-05, assigned to Rockford Machine Tool Co.
167:
Vee (V-shaped) ways provide constraint to the perpendicular horizontal axis, but do little to prevent the slide from being lifted vertically.
360:
332:
313:
275:
213:, where the entire way is covered by some part of the sliding element at all times. The ends of the ways are fitted with
233:
170:
186:
63:
156:
of the way can vary depending on the situation. The most common types are flat, vee, and dovetail ways.
299:
101:(jerking motion due to friction at low speeds). In recent years they have started to be phased out by
17:
181:
geometry of the ways (that is, their shape, size, and flatness) is produced via any combination of
137:
136:, acting as a sacrificial surface that wears instead of the iron, while keeping the same degree of
94:
352:
124:
In the late 20th century, composite materials have started to come into use, such as the plastics
399:
178:
98:
47:
102:
97:
is required to both provide good results in the manufactured parts, as well as prevent the
205:
The ways are often fitted with additional features to decrease wear and ease maintenance.
8:
182:
189:(for any stage up through finishing), lapping (in some cases, for final finishing), or
70:, or (less often) molded to be very flat, and ways often come in pairs to ensure a flat
293:
281:
271:
106:
384:
125:
71:
117:
The material the way is made from has differed and evolved since their invention.
129:
270:. Black, Stewart C., 1930- (3rd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann. 1996.
144:
between the way and the slide, further reducing maintenance costs and downtime.
85:. They have been made of various materials over the years, ranging from wood to
393:
285:
238:
194:
78:
59:
51:
190:
90:
67:
55:
265:
217:
wipers to prevent oil from leaking out as the slide overhangs the ways.
77:
Ways have been used since the 19th century and are a critical part of
86:
82:
153:
141:
133:
210:
221:
161:
81:
processes, especially those requiring low tolerances such as
214:
132:. These materials are applied to the ways in strips with
193:(in many cases but not all), with comparison against
105:("ball" bearings), or are forgone entirely in some
220:Protective guards are sometimes fitted to prevent
391:
385:https://www.aetnaplastics.com/products/d/Turcite
331:
224:or dropped objects from damaging the ways.
312:
140:. The composite materials help to reduce
27:Type of linear bearing on a machine tool
14:
392:
350:
209:ways. The latter was commonly used on
267:Principles of engineering manufacture
260:
258:
256:
254:
24:
185:(for roughing and semifinishing),
25:
411:
378:
344:
325:
251:
363:from the original on 2020-02-21
306:
13:
1:
244:
62:along a given axis. A way is
359:. Devitt Machinery Company.
112:
7:
227:
200:
147:
10:
416:
58:. It facilitates precise
103:rolling-element bearings
50:, specifically a linear
353:"Straight Talk on Ways"
351:Devitt, Andrew (2001).
298:: CS1 maint: others (
34:(sometimes known as a
333:US patent 2931684
314:US patent 2675276
234:Linear-motion bearing
99:stick-slip phenomenon
179:precise and accurate
277:978-0-08-053961-4
16:(Redirected from
407:
372:
371:
369:
368:
348:
342:
341:
340:
336:
329:
323:
322:
321:
317:
310:
304:
303:
297:
289:
262:
21:
415:
414:
410:
409:
408:
406:
405:
404:
390:
389:
381:
376:
375:
366:
364:
357:www.moglice.com
349:
345:
338:
330:
326:
319:
311:
307:
291:
290:
278:
264:
263:
252:
247:
230:
203:
150:
115:
46:) is a type of
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
413:
403:
402:
388:
387:
380:
379:External links
377:
374:
373:
343:
324:
305:
276:
249:
248:
246:
243:
242:
241:
236:
229:
226:
222:metal shavings
202:
199:
195:surface plates
149:
146:
114:
111:
48:linear bearing
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
412:
401:
400:Machine tools
398:
397:
395:
386:
383:
382:
362:
358:
354:
347:
334:
328:
315:
309:
301:
295:
287:
283:
279:
273:
269:
268:
261:
259:
257:
255:
250:
240:
239:Plain bearing
237:
235:
232:
231:
225:
223:
218:
216:
212:
206:
198:
196:
192:
191:hand scraping
188:
184:
180:
175:
172:
168:
165:
163:
157:
155:
145:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
122:
118:
110:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
79:manufacturing
75:
73:
69:
65:
61:
60:linear motion
57:
53:
52:plain bearing
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
365:. Retrieved
356:
346:
327:
308:
266:
219:
207:
204:
176:
169:
166:
158:
151:
123:
119:
116:
107:CNC machines
76:
56:machine tool
43:
39:
35:
31:
29:
367:2020-10-22
245:References
91:hand tools
294:cite book
286:191823312
113:Materials
87:cast iron
83:machining
18:Tool Ways
394:Category
361:Archived
228:See also
201:Features
187:grinding
171:Dovetail
154:geometry
148:Geometry
142:friction
138:flatness
134:adhesive
95:flatness
40:guideway
36:slideway
211:shapers
183:milling
126:Turcite
93:. This
68:scraped
54:, in a
339:
320:
284:
274:
174:fit).
64:ground
44:bedway
162:lathe
130:Rulon
72:plane
42:, or
300:link
282:OCLC
272:ISBN
215:felt
177:The
152:The
128:and
32:way
396::
355:.
296:}}
292:{{
280:.
253:^
164:.
109:.
66:,
38:,
30:A
370:.
302:)
288:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.