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260:(poems, songs, etc.) recited during High Holy Day services. Many who partake in these customs consider it respectful to stand as long as the ark is open and the Torah is being moved to the reading table (or podium). However, there is no actual obligation (law) to remain standing when the ark is open, but it is a universally accepted custom. In addition to this custom is the custom to never turn ones back towards the ark even when leaving the sanctuary. Instead one must back out until they have left the vicinity of the ark, and only then can they turn their back (by the
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336:, columns, and vases became a standard practice. Wood and stone carvers in Eastern Europe began to employ unique local craft designs in synagogue architecture. Folk art and animals were popular design features added to arks created during this period. Early designs in the United States featured built-in arks in synagogues, such as the 1763
301:) was created for the ark. In ancient times, the cloth wrapped scrolls are believed to have been placed flat within a low wooden box. Historical records or discoveries point to a variety of exterior designs becoming popular within the Jewish culture of the time. Archeologists found early Torah arks within the
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ark, which takes up the entire width of the central hub of the building. The
Sephardic synagogue based as far north as London (c. 1701) adopted the design as mainstream. In this period, most synagogues in Europe were designed with the reading table (or podium) in the center of the building. The ark
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synagogues influenced by the
Oriental style became the latest fashion in synagogue design. The Oriental ark design included sliding doors and a curved forepart. The most notable features of this era included domes and arches that contained geometrical polychrome designs. Many synagogue styles from
201:, the Torah scroll was not placed inside the synagogue at all, but in a room adjacent to it, signifying that the sacredness of the synagogue does not come from the ark but from its being a house of prayer. The Torah was brought into the synagogue for reading purposes.
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Originally, the scrolls were placed in moveable containers that were risen up. The more permanent placement of the ark was designed as the tribes settled and built temples. As early as 245 C.E. in the synagogue of
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340:, which was inspired by a trend of grandeur in architectural design. The United States Jewish community continued to favor the grand or classical design style until around 1840. In the mid-1800s the
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custom). The parochet is an ornate cloth that resembles the same cloth that was once on the golden Ark. Both the aron kodesh and parochet are usually inscribed with verses from
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Jewish law states the ark is the second holiest part of a synagogue after the Torah scrolls themselves. Customs call for the congregation when reciting key prayers (such as
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Jewish Hebrew texts depict a new design. These texts placed the scrolls inside the ark standing upright, decorated, and wrapped with the appropriate cloth and covers. A
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Jüdische
Schweiz : 50 Objekte erzählen Geschichte = Jewish Switzerland : 50 objects tell their stories
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Niche-Torah Shrine. Date of
Photography: 1933-1934. Artstor, library.artstor.org/asset/AYALE_DURAIG_10311826445
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During the 18th century, German synagogues incorporated a baroque style design. Decorative features such as
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In synagogues outside of
Jerusalem, the ark is placed in a chamber that is in a recess in the wall, facing
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the 16th to the 19th century can be seen across
American and throughout Europe. However, after
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was placed on the
Eastern wall, so the congregation would be facing Jerusalem when praying.
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Hachlili, Rachel (2000). "Torah Shrine and Ark in
Ancient Synagogues: A Re-evaluation".
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which is considered as a synagogue itself, this custom also exists).
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In some ancient synagogues, such as the fifth-century synagogue in
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decorated with
Pompeian frescoes, paintings, and graffiti.
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Receptacle which contains a synagogue's Torah scrolls
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uses two alcoves on either side of a window as arks
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661:Wischnitzer, Rachel; Narkiss, Bezalel (2007).
256:(also called the High Holidays), and for many
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853:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
297:a slit within the holy wall (or wall facing
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825:(1st ed.). Basel: Christoph Merian.
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1007:Shnayim mikra ve-echad targum
701:"The Holy Ark: Aron Hakodesh"
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95:The ark is also known as the
800:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
642:Jewish Museum of Switzerland
509:The ark of the 19th century
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85:Yochanan ben Zakai Synagogue
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587:Grande synagogue de la Paix
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604:ark from the 1950s in the
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725:"Ark | Encyclopedia.com"
469:Ark in the 17th century
435:Synagogue of El Tránsito
430:Ark of the 14th century
385:Synagogue of El Tránsito
303:Jewish catacombs in Rome
1344:Sephardi Jewish culture
1334:Medieval Jewish culture
375:Dohány Street Synagogue
157:'palace'; also written
117:communities and as the
25:Dohány Street Synagogue
1339:Mizrahi Jewish culture
1319:Synagogue architecture
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231:Spanish and Portuguese
187:Table of the Showbread
131:is a reference to the
127:communities. The name
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1217:Telisha Ketana/Gedola
676:Encyclopaedia Judaica
610:Alexandria, Louisiana
288:(Salahiyeh) in Syria.
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239:Judaic holy scripture
235:Moroccan or Sephardic
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729:www.encyclopedia.com
414:A mobile ark at the
193:Customs and location
123:('sanctuary') among
918:Books that are read
875:Jewish Encyclopedia
529:design used by the
145:Temple in Jerusalem
133:Ark of the Covenant
99:, or in Hebrew the
35:(also known as the
667:Berenbaum, Michael
602:Mid-century modern
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832:978-3-85616-847-6
686:978-0-02-866097-4
511:Spanish Synagogue
491:Synagogue of Győr
471:Saluzzo Synagogue
395:Church tabernacle
276:Photograph of an
23:Torah ark of the
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531:Kaifeng Jews
418:in Jerusalem
416:Western Wall
347:World War II
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295:Dura-Europos
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83:Arks in the
60:אֲרוֹן קׄדֶש
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1294:Karne parah
1233:Zakef gadol
1169:Segol group
1088:Zakef katan
1066:Katan group
1033:Sefer Torah
585:Ark of the
553:, Lithuania
310:Middle Ages
129:Aron Kodesh
101:Aron Kodesh
54:aron qodesh
1313:Categories
1279:Shalshelet
1160:Sof passuk
841:1030337455
805:2020-02-16
734:2020-02-16
710:2020-02-16
649:References
254:Yom Kippur
141:Tabernacle
97:ark of law
1243:Gershayim
1048:Ner Tamid
1016:Equipment
849:cite book
774:0012-1169
624:The 1981
571:Bnei Brak
497:, Hungary
432:Sephardic
334:pilasters
322:Sephardic
299:Jerusalem
282:synagogue
268:Evolution
223:Ashkenazi
206:Jerusalem
115:Ashkenazi
65:synagogue
33:Torah ark
1129:Etnachta
964:Readings
930:Haftarah
782:27931648
673:(eds.).
573:, Israel
533:of China
353:See also
278:aedicula
258:piyyutim
227:Mizrachi
218:parochet
143:and the
1073:Mahpach
990:Process
976:Yom Tov
551:Vilnius
477:, Italy
475:Saluzzo
441:, Spain
401:Gallery
314:Spanish
179:Menorah
167:heichal
125:Sefardi
75:History
1263:Geresh
1207:Munach
1186:Munach
1176:Munach
1155:Mercha
1150:Tipcha
1145:Mercha
1124:Munach
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318:German
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43:Hebrew
38:hekhal
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1226:Other
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1191:Segol
1181:Zarka
1098:Yetiv
1093:Kadma
1028:Bimah
925:Torah
796:"Ark"
778:JSTOR
665:. In
663:"Ark"
612:, USA
262:Kotel
199:Susya
163:echal
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51:, or
1272:Rare
855:link
837:OCLC
827:ISBN
770:ISSN
681:ISBN
608:in
495:Győr
316:and
252:and
233:and
225:and
185:and
48:היכל
1043:Yad
1023:Ark
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493:in
473:in
437:in
284:at
169:or
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