347:, last accessed 27 Oct 2018: "Although the basic tactical unit in all the colonies was the company, or trainband, regional variations and changes over time were as important as the superficial uniformity. No standardized company size existed, some companies containing as few as sixty-five men and others as many as two hundred. Some trainbands elected their officers, but in others the governors appointed them. Southern colonies, with widely dispersed populations, often organized companies on a countywide basis, while in New England, with its towns and villages, individual communities contained their own trainbands. As populations increased and the number of trainbands grew, colonies organized companies into regiments to preserve efficient management."
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99:, they were supposed to drill on a regular basis, although this was rarely the case in practice. The regular army was formed from the Trained Bands in the event of war, though the inability or unwillingness of many of the bands to serve outside of their home regions often left the army short on manpower compared to the paper strength implied by the Trained Bands rolls. They later became common in the
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colonial militia units were usually referred to as "train bands" or, sometimes, "trained bands". Typically, each town would elect three officers to lead its train band with the ranks of captain, lieutenant and ensign. As the populations of towns varied widely, larger towns usually had more than one
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In the early
American colonies the trained band was the most basic tactical unit. However, no standard company size existed and variations were wide. As population grew these companies were organised into regiments to allow better management. But trainbands were not combat units. Generally, upon
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Founded in 1572, and organised by county, it was not until the 'Exact
Militia Programme' of 1625 that they began to have regular training and weapons drill. Even then, standards varied considerably, and depended on the level of financial support by the local gentry. Although
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On
December 13, 1636 the Massachusetts Militia was organised into three regiments - North, South and East. As there are National Guard units descendants of these regiments, this date is used as the "birthday" of the
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The Public
Records of the State of Connecticut ... with the Journal of the Council of Safety ... and an Appendix: Pub. in Accordance with a Resolution of the General Assembly, by Charles J. Hoadly
136:. In 1588, the Trained Bands consisted of 79,798 men, categorized by their primary weapon: 36% arquebusiers, 6% musketeers, 16% bowmen, 26% pikemen, and 16% billmen.
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The issue is whether the men "received training" in the modern sense, or whether they were "in the train" or retinue or were otherwise organised around a
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reaching a certain age a man was required to join the local trainband in which he received periodic training for the next couple of decades. In wartime,
174:, but were often unwilling to serve outside their home areas. They were rapidly replaced by more professional bodies, the most important being the
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military forces were formed by selecting men from trainbands on an individual basis and then forming them into a fighting unit
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360:, Dover Publications, Inc., Mineola, N.Y., an unabridged republication of the work originally published in 1910, p. 658,
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train-band, i.e. train'd band, a band of trained men, Cowper, John Gilpin, st. I, and used by Dryden and
Clarendon (Todd)
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143:, together with a muster roll by county. This shows large variations in size, equipment and training; the largest was
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132:, there was considerable reluctance to serve outside their counties, and a proportion were armed only with
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501:
448:
Warton, Jonathan (April 1997). "Ludlow's
Trained Band: A Study of Militiamen in Early Stuart England".
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https://books.google.com/books?id=jeeGAAAAQBAJ&q=Train-band#v=snippet&q=Train-band&f=false
343:, New York: Free Press; London: Collier Macmillan, 1984, Library of Congress bibliographic record,
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The exact derivation and usage is not clear. A nineteenth-century dictionary says, under "Train":
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A standard drill book was issued in
February 1638, which was used throughout the 1639 to 1653
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train band. In the middle of the 1600s train bands began to be referred to as companies.
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231:, despite the fact that citizen militias in the American Colonies date back to the
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For the common defense: A military history of the United States of
America
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tried to assemble armies of around 30,000 militia for the 1639 and 1640
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The
Bishops' Wars: Charles I's campaigns against Scotland 1638–1640
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317:"Sample text for Library of Congress control number 94005199"
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http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/samples/simon052/94005199.html
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State Formation in Early Modern England, C.1550-1700
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Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research
431:Rebellion: Britain's First Stuart Kings, 1567-1642
358:An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language
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417:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994,
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40:It has been suggested that this article be
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107:. Similar organisations include the Dutch
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380:. Case, Lockwood & Brainard Company.
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532:Infantry units and formations
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215:as in horse-drawn artillery.
147:, which had 12,000 men, then
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542:Militia of the United States
364:, last accessed 27 Oct 2018.
83:were companies of part-time
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395:Braddick, Michael (2000).
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141:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
159:had fewer than 500 men.
272:J. Tincey and R. Hook,
164:First English Civil War
413:Mark Charles Fissell,
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429:Harris, Tim (2014).
374:Connecticut (1894).
233:Jamestown settlement
218:In the 17th century
182:American train bands
74:London Trained Bands
274:The Armada Campaign
263:Fissell, Chapter 5.
537:Militia of England
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239:References
153:Shropshire
111:, and the
109:Schutterij
105:Trainbands
235:in 1607.
168:Royalists
157:Glamorgan
145:Yorkshire
126:Charles I
47:Trainband
491:13 March
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301:13 March
201:—
134:longbows
433:. OUP.
389:Sources
89:England
85:militia
76:in 1643
52:Discuss
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97:county
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458:JSTOR
93:Wales
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