569:
676:
held on 1952. T.T.N.C won 8 legislative assembly seats. Mr. A. Chidambaranathan became the minister on behalf of T.T.N.C in the coalition state government formed by the
Congress. In the parliamentary Constituency Mr. A. Nesamony was elected as M.P. and in the Rajyasabha seat. Mr. A. Abdul Razak was elected as M.P. on behalf of T.T.N.C. In due course, accusing the Congress government for not showing enough care the struggle of the Tamils, T.T.N.C had broken away from the coalition and the Congress government lost the majority. So fresh elections were announced. In 1954 elections, T.T.N.C gained victory in 12 constituencies.
51:
304:
357:
343:
1631:
318:
664:
During the election propaganda campaign, clashes occurred between the Tamil Nadar community and the
Malayali Nair community at various places in Kalkulam - Vilavancode Taluks. police force suppressed the agitating Nadars. In February 1948 the police opened fire and two Tamil speaking Nadars were killed. T.T.N.C won in 14 constituencies in the election to the State Legislative Assembly. Mr.
641:
was the official language and there were only a few Tamil-medium schools. So the Tamils met many hardships. Travancore State
Government continued rejecting the requests of Tamils. During that period, the Travancore State Congress favoured the idea of uniting all the Malayalam speaking regions and the
675:
to make compromises between state congress and T.T.N.C. The meeting met with failure and Mr. Sam
Nathaniel resigned from the post of president of T.T.N.C Mr. P. Ramasamy Pillai, a strong follower of Mr. A. Nesamony was elected as the New President. The first general election of Independent India was
663:
organised a meeting of his supporters at Allan
Memorial Hall, Nagercoil on 8 September 1947. In that meeting it was declared that they must achieve their objective through their political organisation, the T.T.N.C. And T.T.N.C started gaining strength and momentum in Kalkulam - Vilavancode Taluks.
695:
On 11 August, Liberation Day celebrations were held at many places in South
Travancore. Public meetings and processions were organised. Communists also collaborated with the agitation programmes. Police opened fire at the processions in Thoduvetty (Martandam) and Puthukadai. Nine Tamil volunteers
659:) was the only leader from Tamil Nadu who functioned in favour of T.T.N.C. After the independence of India, State Assembly Elections were announced in Travancore. As a consequence, T.T.N.C improved its popularity among Tamils. A popular and leading advocate from Vilavancode Mr.
654:
In the working committee meeting of
Tamilian congress at Eraviputhur on 30 June 1946, the name of the political party was changed to Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress (T.T.N.C). T.T.N.C was popular among the Tamils living in Thovalai and Agateeswaram Taluks. Mr. Ma. Po. Sivagnanam
696:
were killed and thousands of T.T.N.C and communist sympathizers were arrested in various parts of Tamil main land. At the end, Pattom Thanu Pillai's ministry was toppled and normalcy returned to the Tamil regions. The central government had appointed
568:
646:
on 16 December 1945 under the leadership of Sam
Nathaniel and formed the new political party All Travancore Tamilian Congress. That party was continuously compelling for the merger of Tamil regions in Travancore with
529:
launched a campaign for the merger of the Tamil-speaking regions of
Southern Travancore with the neighbouring area of Madras State. The agitation took a violent turn and civilians and local police were killed at
786:. About 50,000 acres in these Taluks, which were Tamil-majority area, were chosen for the colonisation project. As a victory of the Colonisation project done by post-independence
716:. On 1 November 1956 - four Taluks Thovalai, Agastheeswaram, Kalkulam, Vilavancode were recognised to form the New Kanyakumari District and merged with Tamil Nadu State. Half of
1556:
668:
was elected as the legislative leader of the party. Then under his leadership, the awakened Tamil population was prepared to undergo any sacrifice to achieve their goal.
541:, Agasteeswaram, Kalkulam and Vilavancode and a part of the Chencotta, Tenkasi Taluk was merged with Madras State. On 1 November 1956 Travancore–Cochin was joined with
125:
513:
was offered to be addressed as
Uparaja Pramukh, but he did not want any title after handing over the power. The Maharaja politely said that the eldest member of
1772:
724:. The main demand of T.T.N.C was to merger the Tamil regions with Tamil Nadu and major part of its demand was realised. So T.T.N.C was dissolved thereafter.
1841:
1549:
680:
was the chief minister for Thiru - Kochi legislative assembly. He engaged hard measures against the agitations of Tamils. Especially the Tamils at
1846:
692:
and participated in agitations against the prohibitive orders. The leaders were arrested and an uncalm atmosphere prevailed in South Travancore.
688:
regions went through the atrocities of Travancore Police force. Condemning the attitude of the police, T.T.N.C leaders from Nagercoil went to
1831:
1467:
1334:
1542:
498:, the Congress Prime Minister of Travancore, became the Chief Minister of Travancore–Cochin. First elections were held in 1951 and
642:
formation of a "Unified Kerala". In protest against this idea, many Tamil leaders vacated the party. Tamils gathered together at
582:
1836:
1565:
700:(1953 dec) for the states reorganisation based on language. It submitted its report on 10 August 1955. Based on this report,
88:
50:
1666:
1318:
114:
1646:
799:
480:
534:
and Puthukkada, irreparably alienating the entire Tamil-speaking population from merger into Travancore–Cochin.
1821:
1811:
1707:
900:
840:
526:
1519:
517:
should be called Valiya Thampuran and gave up royal powers unconditionally for the good of the people. While
495:
1702:
1758:
1089:
144:
1826:
1816:
1651:
1356:
1114:
1030:
1016:
972:
943:
914:
854:
192:
958:
499:
987:
677:
518:
180:
1295:
1342:
1001:
522:
309:
766:, who was the first prime minister of Travancore, that they retained in the modern-state of
1122:
739:
721:
697:
758:-majority until the late 1940s. The T.T.N.C had also requested to merge these Taluks with
8:
1110:
1098:
1044:
763:
514:
484:
1676:
1150:
630:
626:
558:
554:
537:
Under State Reorganisation Act of 1956, the four southern taluks of Travancore, namely
460:
401:
74:
64:
1534:
1500:
1233:
1189:
1106:
562:
452:
436:
397:
323:
1722:
1118:
1102:
542:
448:
1742:
1383:
R. Isaac Jeyadhas - Kanyakumari District and Indian Independence Struggle (Tamil)
1322:
1129:
751:
733:
385:
1198:
1158:
1154:
1094:
791:
771:
755:
595:
428:
408:
78:
770:. Pattom came up with a colonisation project to re-engineer the demography of
1805:
1787:
1774:
1656:
1614:
1238:
1210:
709:
672:
622:
1661:
1604:
1594:
1492:
1315:
1258:
1206:
1178:
1142:
1138:
759:
713:
546:
468:
464:
440:
350:
275:
502:
from Congress party was elected as the Chief Minister, ruling until 1954.
1727:
1712:
1697:
1619:
1599:
1254:
1242:
1166:
727:
665:
660:
656:
607:
416:
1266:
1250:
1214:
1174:
1162:
929:
787:
648:
531:
506:
393:
168:
156:
95:
1671:
1222:
1218:
1182:
1146:
779:
775:
743:
717:
701:
681:
643:
638:
619:
615:
599:
472:
444:
432:
1364:. Thiruvananthapuram: Government of India. 1884. pp. 135, 258.
1262:
1226:
1194:
783:
747:
705:
685:
611:
591:
538:
424:
420:
1737:
1732:
1270:
1202:
603:
456:
1609:
1443:
B. Mariya John - Linguistic Reorganisation of Madras Presidenty
1134:
1082:
1070:
795:
767:
689:
587:
550:
510:
476:
412:
336:
1717:
1630:
1589:
1584:
1569:
1411:
B. Yogeeswaran - History of Travancore Tamil Struggle (Tamil)
1246:
1170:
634:
389:
1434:
R. Kuppusamy - Historical foot prints of a True War (Tamil)
447:-speaking regions of the Travancore–Cochin merged with the
392:. It was formed through the merger of two former kingdoms,
1425:
D. Peter - Malayali Dominance and Tamil Liberation (Tamil)
576:
1468:"Why did Kerala surrender Kanyakumari without a fight?"
1564:
728:
Retainment of Devikulam and Peerumedu Taluks in Kerala
1395:
D. Daniel - Travancore Tamils: Struggle for Identity.
1069:
The state had 4 districts which were divided into 36
637:
of erstwhile Travancore State. In the Tamil regions,
1374:V. S. Sathianesan - Tamil Separatism in Travancore
1517:
1327:
774:. His colonisation project was to relocate 8,000
1803:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1550:
505:The ruler of Travancore was appointed as the
1491:
1398:
790:, these two Taluks and a larger portion of
1557:
1543:
1521:Travancore-Cochin Language Handbook (1951)
762:. However it was due to some decisions of
49:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1391:
1389:
1358:Report on the Census of Travancore (1881)
400:on 1 July 1949. Its original capital was
231:• Merger to Kerala and Madras State
1465:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1290:
1288:
567:
583:Merger of Kanyakumari with Madras State
577:Merger of Kanyakumari with Madras State
509:of Travancore–Cochin. The Maharajah of
1847:Former states and territories of India
1804:
1446:
1386:
778:-speaking families into the Taluks of
25:United State of Travancore and Cochin
1538:
1527:. Travancore-Cochin Government Press.
1414:
1296:"The States Reorganisation Act, 1956"
1285:
479:on 1 November 1956, according to the
378:United State of Travancore and Cochin
1842:History of Tamil Nadu (1947–present)
1667:Patiala and East Punjab States Union
1349:
13:
1511:
865:
805:
14:
1858:
1832:History of Kerala (1947–present)
1629:
507:governor (known as "Rajpramukh")
355:
341:
316:
302:
115:Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma
55:Travancore-Cochin in India, 1951
16:State of India from 1949 to 1956
1485:
1466:Ayyappan, R (31 October 2020).
1437:
1428:
1335:"Glimpses of a historic moment"
1064:
800:States Reorganisation Act, 1956
671:In 1950, a meeting was held at
481:States Reorganisation Act, 1956
1377:
1368:
1309:
901:Paravoor T. K. Narayana Pillai
841:Paravoor T. K. Narayana Pillai
590:lived in large numbers in the
572:Travancore-Cochin postal stamp
527:Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress
221:• Merger of Two Kingdoms
1:
1837:History of Thiruvananthapuram
1278:
496:Paravur T. K. Narayana Pillai
7:
1759:Andaman and Nicobar Islands
145:Parur T. K. Narayana Pillai
10:
1863:
1518:U. Sivaraman Nair (1955).
731:
580:
565:instead of 'Rajapramukh'.
490:
382:State of Travancore–Cochin
32:State of Travancore–Cochin
1751:
1690:
1639:
1626:
1577:
872:
812:
794:retained in the state of
549:to form the new state of
281:
271:
267:
257:
247:
243:
239:
229:
219:
215:
207:
202:
198:
186:
174:
162:
150:
138:
134:
124:
120:
108:
104:
94:
84:
70:
60:
48:
43:
23:
1031:Indian National Congress
1017:Panampilly Govinda Menon
973:Indian National Congress
944:Indian National Congress
915:Indian National Congress
855:Indian National Congress
712:Taluks were merged with
525:Chief minister in 1954,
193:Panampilly Govinda Menon
1316:A. J. John, Anaparambil
959:A. J. John, Anaparambil
500:A. J. John, Anaparambil
1339:The New Indian Express
1305:. Government of India.
988:Pattom A. Thanu Pillai
720:Taluk was merged with
573:
519:Pattom A. Thanu Pillai
435:were transferred from
259:• Disestablished
181:Pattom A. Thanu Pillai
1822:Kingdom of Travancore
1002:Praja Socialist Party
571:
523:Praja Socialist Party
310:Kingdom of Travancore
71:Common languages
1321:1 March 2012 at the
740:Kanyakumari district
722:Tirunelveli District
698:Fazal Ali Commission
384:, was a short-lived
1784: /
1345:on 11 January 2015.
764:Pattom Thanu Pillai
678:Pattom Thanu Pillai
557:, appointed by the
515:Cochin Royal Family
485:Government of India
471:to form the modern
249:• Established
1572:on 26 January 1950
1497:Manorama Year Book
1303:legislative.gov.in
1115:Thiruvananthapuram
1090:Thiruvananthapuram
631:Thiruvananthapuram
627:Thiruvananthapuram
574:
559:President of India
402:Thiruvananthapuram
1827:Kingdom of Cochin
1812:Travancore–Cochin
1767:
1766:
1682:Travancore–Cochin
1652:Jammu and Kashmir
1501:Malayala Manorama
1276:
1275:
1062:
1061:
1021:10 February 1955
995:10 February 1955
934:28 February 1951
908:28 February 1951
890:Region came from
863:
862:
830:Region came from
563:head of the state
459:Islands) and the
437:Travancore-Cochin
376:, officially the
374:Travancore–Cochin
371:
370:
367:
366:
363:
362:
329:
328:
324:Kingdom of Cochin
188:• 1955–1956
176:• 1954–1955
164:• 1952–1954
152:• 1951–1952
140:• 1949–1951
110:• 1949–1956
1854:
1817:History of Kochi
1799:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1788:8.433°N 76.917°E
1785:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1723:Himachal Pradesh
1634:
1633:
1559:
1552:
1545:
1536:
1535:
1528:
1526:
1505:
1504:
1489:
1483:
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1426:
1423:
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1396:
1393:
1384:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1341:. Archived from
1331:
1325:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1300:
1292:
1076:
1075:
1045:President's rule
905:26 January 1950
870:
869:
848:26 January 1950
810:
809:
742:, the Taluks of
543:Malabar District
449:Malabar District
359:
358:
345:
344:
333:
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320:
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1801:
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1790:
1786:
1783:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1763:
1747:
1743:Vindhya Pradesh
1686:
1635:
1628:
1624:
1573:
1563:
1532:
1524:
1514:
1512:Further reading
1509:
1508:
1490:
1486:
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1474:
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1429:
1424:
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1355:
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1333:
1332:
1328:
1323:Wayback Machine
1314:
1310:
1298:
1294:
1293:
1286:
1281:
1067:
875:Chief Minister
868:
866:Chief Ministers
815:Prime Minister
808:
806:Prime Ministers
752:Idukki district
750:in present-day
736:
734:Idukki district
730:
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342:
317:
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1503:. p. 116.
1495:, ed. (2006).
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1326:
1308:
1283:
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1277:
1274:
1273:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1199:Changanasserry
1192:
1186:
1185:
1159:Karthikappally
1155:Karunagappally
1132:
1126:
1125:
1123:Chirayinkeezhu
1099:Agastheeswaram
1092:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1049:23 March 1956
1047:
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1028:
1025:
1024:23 March 1956
1022:
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992:16 March 1954
990:
985:
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966:16 March 1954
964:
963:12 March 1952
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937:12 March 1952
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828:
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822:
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813:
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804:
792:Cardamom Hills
772:Cardamom Hills
729:
726:
596:Agastheeswaram
581:Main article:
578:
575:
492:
489:
483:passed by the
429:Agastheeswaram
380:and later the
369:
368:
365:
364:
361:
360:
353:
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339:
330:
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321:
313:
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126:Chief Minister
122:
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4:
3:
2:
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1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1800:
1797:
1793:8.433; 76.917
1760:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1752:Part D States
1750:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
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1701:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:Part C States
1689:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
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1660:
1658:
1657:Madhya Bharat
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1640:Part B States
1638:
1632:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1615:Uttar Pradesh
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
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1586:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1578:Part A States
1576:
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1111:Neyyattinkara
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1052:5 April 1957
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623:Neyyattinkara
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1493:K. M. Mathew
1487:
1475:. Retrieved
1471:
1439:
1430:
1379:
1370:
1357:
1351:
1343:the original
1338:
1329:
1311:
1302:
1259:Mukundapuram
1207:Muvattupuzha
1179:Ambalappuzha
1143:Pathanapuram
1139:Kottarakkara
1068:
1065:Subdivisions
881:Left office
878:Took office
845:1 July 1949
821:Left office
818:Took office
760:Madras State
737:
714:Kerala state
694:
670:
653:
586:
547:Madras State
536:
504:
494:
469:Madras State
467:district in
465:South Canara
441:Madras State
406:
381:
377:
373:
372:
351:Madras State
292:Succeeded by
291:
286:
276:Indian rupee
18:
1791: /
1620:West Bengal
1600:East Punjab
1255:Kodungallur
1243:Kunnathunad
1167:Mavelikkara
1107:Vilavancode
1006:Travancore
977:Travancore
948:Travancore
919:Travancore
859:Travancore
754:also had a
738:Apart from
666:A. Nesamony
661:A. Nesamony
608:Vilavancode
451:(excluding
417:Vilavancode
287:Preceded by
225:1 July 1949
36:(1950–1956)
28:(1949–1950)
1806:Categories
1677:Saurashtra
1472:Onmanorama
1279:References
1267:Thalapilly
1251:Kanayannur
1215:Thodupuzha
1175:Thiruvalla
1163:Chengannur
1151:Kunnathoor
1119:Nedumangad
1103:Kallkkulam
930:C. Kesavan
788:Travancore
732:See also:
649:Tamil Nadu
629:South and
532:Marthandam
475:-state of
411:-majority
394:Travancore
169:A. J. John
157:C. Kesavan
96:Rajpramukh
85:Government
65:Trivandrum
1672:Rajasthan
1647:Hyderabad
1223:Devikulam
1219:Meenachil
1183:Cherthala
1147:Sengottai
1079:District
780:Devikulam
776:Malayalam
744:Devikulam
718:Sengottai
702:Devikulam
682:Devikulam
644:Nagercoil
639:Malayalam
620:Peerumedu
616:Devikulam
600:Sengottai
561:, as the
553:, with a
473:Malayalam
463:Taluk of
461:Kasaragod
453:Laccadive
445:Malayalam
433:Sengottai
407:The five
75:Malayalam
44:1949–1956
1708:Bilaspur
1319:Archived
1263:Thrissur
1234:Thrissur
1227:Peermade
1195:Kottayam
1190:Kottayam
798:, after
784:Peermade
748:Peermade
706:Peermade
686:Peermade
657:Ma.Po.Si
612:Kalkulam
592:Thovalai
555:governor
539:Thovalai
521:was the
425:Thovalai
421:Kalkulam
272:Currency
1779:76°55′E
1738:Tripura
1733:Manipur
1477:16 June
1271:Chittur
1239:Paravur
1203:Vaikkom
1095:Thovala
1035:Cochin
604:Eraniel
491:History
457:Minicoy
208:History
61:Capital
1776:8°26′N
1703:Bhopal
1662:Mysore
1610:Orissa
1605:Madras
1595:Bombay
1566:States
1135:Kollam
1130:Kollam
1083:Taluks
1071:taluks
887:Party
827:Party
796:Kerala
768:Kerala
690:Munnar
635:taluks
633:North
588:Tamils
551:Kerala
511:Cochin
477:Kerala
455:&
431:, and
413:Taluks
398:Cochin
337:Kerala
211:
130:
100:
1728:Kutch
1718:Delhi
1713:Coorg
1698:Ajmer
1590:Bihar
1585:Assam
1570:India
1525:(PDF)
1362:(PDF)
1299:(PDF)
1247:Kochi
1171:Adoor
884:Term
824:Term
756:Tamil
409:Tamil
390:India
386:state
203:State
89:State
79:Tamil
1479:2021
782:and
746:and
708:and
396:and
263:1956
253:1949
235:1956
1568:of
545:of
439:to
415:of
388:of
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