Trinity River (California)

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environmental purposes. This modified flow regime officially began in water year 2005. Prior to this, annual releases to the Trinity River ranged from 150 to 300 cubic feet per second (4.2 to 8.5 m/s), or about 109,000 to 217,000 acre-feet (134,000,000 to 268,000,000 m) each year, with the exception of occasional flood water discharges. The ROD increases the minimum dam release to 368,600 acre-feet (0.4547 km) or about 510 cubic feet per second (14 m/s), even in "critically dry" years, with even greater releases made during years of normal and above average precipitation. These restrictions would reduce the Trinity River diversions about 28 percent on average; however, the impacts on the Central Valley Project as a whole would be far less, only about 1–4 percent. In addition, the project will periodically release high flows up to 11,000 cubic feet per second (310 m/s) to simulate historic flooding and sediment transport conditions.

2054: 1734: 1488: 1828: 1015: 1307: 1136: 863: 1463:, logging greatly increased both due to high demand for housing domestically and abroad, and the introduction of more advanced technologies. In 1959 alone, loggers took 439 million board feet from Trinity County. The rate dropped after that, but logging continued at 200–300 million board feet per year well into the 1980s. Many logged areas were on steep mountains, and improper construction of roads and skid trails exposed slopes to erosion and landslides. In 1988 several environmentalist groups including the 1605: 35: 803: 842:, with cool, wet winters and hot, dry summers. Annual precipitation over the Trinity River watershed averages 57 inches (1,400 mm). Precipitation ranges from 37 inches (940 mm) in lowlands around Weaverville and Hayfork, to as high as 85 inches (2,200 mm) in some mountain ranges close to the coast. The high rainfall combined with the rugged geography results in extremely fast runoff and a high risk of flooding during winter storms. Large volumes of rocks and 1436: 1191:

Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation. By 1900, a Tsnungwe community had re-established around the ancient principal village of łe:lding at the mouth of the South Fork of the Trinity River. The tribe is still surviving there today and is recognized by both Humboldt County and Trinity County. The federal government considers the Tsnungwe to be a "previously recognized" tribe. The Tsnungwe Council is working towards having their federally recognized tribal status restored.

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gold panning remains a popular activity along the Trinity. One Mr. Jorstad who had been mining in the Trinity River country since the 1930s, continued to live in a small cabin at Pfeiffer Flat on the North Fork until his death in 1989. Jorstad's cabin was an important rest stop for miners, hunters, hikers and fishermen along the North Fork for many years; it remains as a historical site maintained by the Forest Service.

1782: 1543: 701: 1419:, making it unnavigable. However, the Trinity hydraulic mines escaped this ban, as the remote and swift flowing Trinity River was not considered a navigable watercourse. Nevertheless, the largest deposits had been played out by the 1920s, and the mining settlements were abandoned or fell into decline. This brought on the last stage of commercial gold mining along the Trinity, as floating 491:. During and after the gold rush, the influx of settlers and miners into the Trinity River country led to conflict with indigenous tribes, many of which saw severe depopulation due to fighting and foreign diseases. In the following decades logging and ranching, combined with mining runoff, significantly changed the river's ecology and led to the decline of its fish populations. 818:. The highest point in the watershed is 8,888-foot (2,709 m) Sawtooth Peak in the Trinity Alps; the elevation is 190 feet (58 m) where the Trinity meets the Klamath River in the town of Salyer. The watershed is almost entirely covered by mountains, with the only level land in a few narrow valleys: the Weaverville basin, and the Hoopa, 720:, averaged over the 1964–2013 period, was 4,849 cubic feet per second (137.3 m/s). The average discharge between 1912–1960, prior to construction of Trinity and Lewiston Dams, was 5,618 cubic feet per second (159.1 m/s). The maximum flow was 231,000 cubic feet per second (6,500 m/s) on December 22, 1964, during the 1391:

This had an enormous impact on the landscape – leveling forests, carving huge gullies and burying streambeds under dozens of feet of sediment – which still characterizes the area today. Elaborate flume, reservoir and tunnel systems were built to supply the massive quantities of water required by these "hydraulicking" operations.

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After the Trinity and Lewiston Dams were complete, the Bureau of Reclamation did not adhere to the water export limits set in the project's authorization, diverting 72 percent of the total river flow and as much as 90 percent at certain times. On the main stem, dam construction has greatly

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Although most of the miners left, either to return home or settle elsewhere, some stayed to work in the ranching and logging industries that became the economic mainstay of the Trinity River area. Some also continued to search for gold long after the major deposits were gone; even today, recreational

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The abundant salmon, steelhead and sturgeon runs in the Trinity River were central to the lives of indigenous peoples along the entire length of the river. Fishing provided their primary sustenance as well as goods for trade. Prior to the arrival of Europeans, native peoples took as much as 2,000,000

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The Hupa lived in the fertile Hoopa Valley along the Trinity River and the Hyampom Valley on the South Fork – some of the few flat lands in a region otherwise dominated by rugged mountains. A Yurok village called Weitspus stood at the site of present-day Weitchpec at the confluence of the Trinity and

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such as mining and logging, and to a limited extent farming and ranching, have been the main economic drivers in the Trinity River basin since European settlement in the 1800s. These have declined in part due to increasing environmental regulations. Tourism has been an increasingly important part of

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of 4.3 people per square mile (1.7/km) it is one of the least densely populated counties in California. Only 415 square miles (1,070 km), or about 14 percent of the western part of the basin, is in Humboldt County. The part of the Trinity River watershed in Humboldt County is also sparsely

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The Trinity is a popular whitewater rafting and kayaking river. Dam releases for fish restoration have incidentally increased the amount of water available for boating year-round. The river has three main whitewater runs, all known for their scenery and wildlife. The Pigeon Point section, alongside

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to produce returns of 7,500 coho, 6,000 spring chinook, 70,000 fall chinook and 22,000 steelhead each year. In 2014, the California Fish Hatchery Review Project found that Trinity Hatchery raised coho were out-competing wild stocks. The hatchery has since been required to carefully time releases of

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Other residents welcomed the dam project for the economic benefits it would bring via hydropower and tourism, as the gold mining industry that had long supported the region was greatly diminished by the 1950s. By 1986 tourism in the Trinity River country accounted for 50–75 percent of business

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used by the federal government (although property owners were paid for their land). Many buildings in Trinity Center were moved to a new location on the western shore of the reservoir. The dam blocked salmon runs to 109 miles (175 km) of habitat in the upper Trinity River basin, destroying the

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operations, which sprang up across the Trinity River country starting in the 1860s. At one point, there were 307 hydraulic mines in Trinity County alone, of which 145 were "fully operational", all of which depended on the use of pressurized water to demolish hillsides in search of gold bearing ore.

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on April 18. They followed the creek to the South Fork and from there to the Trinity River and the Klamath River. After following the Klamath to the Pacific, they traveled north towards Oregon, thus becoming the first white men to travel from inland California to coastal Oregon. Smith and his party

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people, also known as the South Fork Hupa, lived pre-contact in the South Fork of the Trinity River area and Burnt Ranch/New River area. After the Gold Rush of 1849, many years of battles occurred between the Trinity River Indians and the miners/soldiers. Most surviving Tsnungwe were taken to the

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channels. In general, human activities such as mining and road construction have increased the rate of erosion within the watershed and consequentially the amount of sediment carried into the rivers. Dam building has had the opposite effect, by blocking natural sediment sources to a long section of

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many rapids. This gave the area a bad reputation for many years; it was not until 1983 that commercial trips began on this section of the river. The lower Trinity, much of which flows through the Hoopa Valley Reservation, is a Class II river with gentler and lower gradient despite having a greater

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Construction crews have also worked to rehabilitate the river channel below the dam by clearing out mining debris and excess brush. However, these activities have been criticized by some environmental groups as too heavy-handed. The California Water Impact Network stated channel rehabilitation was

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growth, abandoned logging roads pose a serious erosive threat. Grazing of livestock has also degraded grasslands and exposed soils to runoff. This has resulted in river channels becoming clogged and confined by sediment, harming salmon and steelhead populations by burying gravel bars used by these

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would have flooded the canyons of the Klamath and Trinity Rivers to form the largest reservoir in California. These grandiose plans culminated in the Pacific Southwest Water Plan of 1964, which sought to comprehensively link the water systems of California and the rest of the Colorado River Basin.

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remarked that Weaverville was a "Shangri-La, that strange and wonderful somewhere which is not a place but a state of mind." The area was soon profiting $ 1.5 million a year, with hundreds of claims along the Trinity River equipped with flumes, waterwheels and other apparatus to separate fine gold

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The Chimariko also suffered heavily when European prospectors entered the region in the 19th century searching for gold. After clashing with the Europeans, many members of the tribe were dispersed to Shasta territory or killed. Some returned to the Trinity River in the late 19th century, after the

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periods, tectonic movement along the plate boundary produced a range of mountains much higher than those found in the area today. Over millions of years these mountains were eroded, then reformed again as the next oceanic terrane collided with the continental crust. This repeating cycle of erosion

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The peak flow in 1964 was greatly attenuated by the Trinity Dam which had just started reservoir filling at the time, perhaps by as much as 100,000 cubic feet per second (2,800 m/s). However, the record-breaking rains of that winter swelled tributaries below the dam and contributed to a crest

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to the west. The river picks up its first large tributary called Bear Creek near a series of large spring filled meadows roughly one mile from the headwaters. The short but steep Bull Creek comes in just shortly down stream from the West. Cedar Creek is the next major tributary that meets from the

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In 2015 Humboldt County won a lawsuit against the Westlands Water District for an extra 50,000 acre-feet (62,000,000 m) of water from the Trinity River for in-stream flows. Previously, the Bureau of Reclamation had included this sum in the water released for fishery management. Although this

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After an environmental impact statement in 1991 the Bureau of Reclamation was required to make greater releases to the Trinity River below Lewiston Dam. On December 19, 2000, the Department of the Interior signed a Record of Decision (ROD) officially re-allocating Central Valley Project water for

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The Trinity River Division has also indirectly caused environmental impacts in other parts of California. Because no aqueduct or pipeline linking to the Imperial Valley or Colorado Basin was ever built, Trinity River water was and still is used in the Central Valley for irrigation. Most of it was

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The filling of the reservoir flooded the town of Trinity Center, one of the original main population centers of Trinity County, as well as the smaller communities of Stringtown and Minersville. Residents of the Trinity River valley were heavily opposed to the dam, but they had no recourse against

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The Trinity River project was first drafted on October 1, 1951, and authorized by Congress on January 2, 1953, as the Trinity River Division of the Central Valley Project. In 1955 Congress authorized an annual diversion of 704,000 acre-feet (0.868 km) of water (56 percent of total flow)

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largely obliterated the placer mining claims along this part of the Trinity River, spurring prospectors to push west, establishing a pack trail to the area around the New River and the South Fork of the Trinity. In fact, the New River was named thusly for being a "new" river to explore for gold.

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Mining activity was initially concentrated in the eastern (upper) valleys of the Trinity River around Weaverville, as the hostile Native Americans and treacherous gorges around Burnt Ranch precluded the transport of rations and equipment to places further west. For about two decades the area was

1120:("south-uphill people"). Many Wintu villages were located along the Trinity River, and were home to up to 150 people. Each village operated as an independent unit led by a chief, although the villagers interacted frequently through trade with each other as well as neighboring tribes, such as the 676:

The Trinity River is a predominantly rain-fed river, with the highest flows occurring between December and April and the lowest from August through October. The water level can rise quickly in the winter when large Pacific storms strike California's north coast. Almost no precipitation occurs in

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to the mouth, and the South Fork from State Route 36 to the mouth. A total of 44 miles (71 km) are classified as "wild", 39 miles (63 km) as "scenic" and 120 miles (190 km) as "recreational". The South Fork is the largest river in California without a single dam along its length.

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Due to their proximity to trade routes in and around the Central Valley, the Wintu came into frequent contact with European explorers, traders and settlers. These initial meetings were peaceful, but the Wintu population – along with many other Central Valley tribes – were decimated by a malaria

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Recreational gold panning is another pastime along the Trinity. However, many streams in the area are located on private property, or are part of existing placer mining claims. Claims in the area are administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Because the Trinity River flows through a

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and provided most of Southern California's water – was moving toward unsustainable levels. The Bureau of Reclamation restarted its surveys of the Trinity River basin as part of a larger proposal to move water from northern to southern parts of the state, and compensate for the shortages on the

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Because of the geographic isolation of their homeland, the Hupa had few interactions with early European explorers, although they later came in conflict with miners looking for gold. Even after California became a US state in 1850, the Hupa continued to live on their traditional lands and were

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After the completion of Lewiston Dam in 1963, the Bureau of Reclamation constructed the Trinity River Fish Hatchery to raise young steelhead, coho and chinook salmon. The primary purpose of the hatchery was to compensate for the loss of 109 miles (175 km) of anadromous fish habitat above

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Although settlers had been farming and ranching in the Trinity River valley since the beginning of the gold rush, the number greatly increased after the gold rush when miners decided to settle down and homestead in the area. One of the major ranching areas was the wide valley known as Trinity

1322:– Major Reading discovered gold on the Trinity River. The find attracted thousands of miners to the area and created boomtowns such as Douglas City, Francis, Hoboken, Lake City, Lewiston, Junction City and Quimby. Weaverville, located at the end of the trail Reading had established from the 1402:

washed from this single mine buried the valley, the creek and the entire town of Oregon Gulch (which had been purchased by the mine owners in anticipation of this) under a staggering 110 million cubic yards (84,000,000 m) of sediment. This is equal to thirty times the volume of the

2090:(beginner to intermediate) rapids. Below the takeout at Cedar Flat, the Trinity flows through the extremely hazardous Class V Burnt Ranch Gorge, which was first run in 1971 by three kayakers, one of whom died of a heart attack soon after finishing the run, due to the arduous work of 2044:

on a Wild and Scenic River." Bulldozing of the riverbanks to clear space for juvenile salmon habitat has harmed steelhead spawning grounds, impacted public access and allowed the spread of invasive plant species. Between 2005 and 2011, restoration work cost a total of $ 36 million.

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fur trappers. In the following decades the remaining Wintu became embroiled in conflict as prospectors and settlers occupied their traditional lands. Some of these conflicts ended in deadly massacres. In 1846, one of the bloodiest single encounters occurred when soldiers led by

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each year. Water flow data for the Judge Francis Carr hydroelectric station located at the end of Trinity Tunnel indicates an annual average of 1,257 cubic feet per second (35.6 m/s), or 910,700 acre-feet (1.1233 km), diverted from the river between 1963 and 2013.

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Although fish populations have declined since the early 1900s, fishing for salmon and steelhead has recovered on many parts of the river. The Trinity is known as one of the best steelhead streams in the western United States and is home to both wild and hatchery fish. The

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Forest and river habitats in the watershed have been heavily affected by human activities ever since Gold Rush mining began in the 1800s. Commercial logging has caused mountain slopes to become more prone to erosion; even in areas that are no longer logged and have seen

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formed by cooled magma. They raised the elevation of the terrain above and created the widespread granite and diorite formations found in the area today. The higher mountains, including the Trinity Alps – the highest range in northwest California – were also sculpted by

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With the exception of rocky alpine regions in the highest mountains, the Trinity River watershed is almost entirely forested. Mixed coniferous (fir and pine) forests dominate the landscape at elevations of up to 6,000 feet (1,800 m). Common tree species include

1051:. The Franciscan formation consists of more unstable sedimentary and igneous rocks and soils that are highly breakable and prone to erosion. They formed even more recently in geologic history than the Klamath Mountains, primarily due to uplift along the 518: 1022:

The Klamath Mountains, which make up the eastern part of the watershed are quite young in geologic terms, no more than 2 or 3 million years old. The present shape of the mountains was highly influenced by underground volcanic activity, which created

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from the Trinity River, stating that the water could be exported "without detrimental effect on the fishery resources" of the Trinity. In 1957 the Bureau of Reclamation revised the export volume to 865,000 acre-feet (1.067 km). Construction of

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Although the river gold petered out by the 1870s, lode gold was discovered in the 1880s in the mountains above the Trinity River country. Because hard rock mining was required to access the gold bearing veins, new industries such as iron forges and

1262:'s expedition to northwestern California in 1828 were some of the first Europeans to set foot in the Trinity River country. After departing from the Sacramento Valley Smith passed over the Klamath Mountains and arrived at what is probably now 1729:

and camped on the east side of the Trinity River. His clerk, Harrison G. Rogers wrote, "Mr. Smith purchases all the beaver furs he can from them", suggesting that beaver were then plentiful on the Trinity or at least in the surrounding area.

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encompasses nearly the entire Trinity River watershed with the exception of private inholdings and the small area in Humboldt County. Large mammals found in the national forest include black bear, mountain lion, bobcat, coyote, gray fox,

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Map of the Trinity River and Klamath River watersheds. The Trinity River is shown in dark blue, with its watershed highlighted in dark yellow. The South Fork Trinity River extends southward, while the main Trinity River curves east then

4533: 563:. These tributaries include Picayunne Creek, Nyott Creek, and Sherer Creek, Sunflower Creek, and more. Coffee Creek, the Little Trinity River, Tangle Blue Creek, and Eagle Creek are the largest tributaries above the lake. East Fork and 510:. In 1991 environmental regulations were enacted, requiring a greater release of water to the Trinity River in order to protect fish. However, the use of Trinity River water remains a contentious issue, especially in years of drought. 4249: 1294:(for whom the present city of Redding is named) explored the upper Trinity area in 1845 and is credited with the modern name of the river. Reading mistakenly thought that the Trinity flowed west to empty into the Pacific Ocean at 1267:

traded with the Hupas and Yuroks in the area and their encounters were generally friendly. Early maps of the area label the South Fork, the lower Trinity and the lower Klamath as "Smith's River". The name was later applied to the

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An archaeological site on the Trinity River at Cox Bar, with spear points dating from 3000–6000 BC, has some of the oldest evidence of human habitation in Northern California. This site is believed to be part of the early

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is widespread throughout lower elevations. Fir forests comprise almost 74 percent of the forests in the Trinity River watershed; pine and hardwoods account for 13 percent each. There are also limited amounts of

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deposits, carried by the river to settle in gravel bars. The Trinity River gold rush is also noted for the large number of Chinese miners attracted to the area, as many as 2,500 by 1854. Many of the Chinese were from the

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means more water for the Trinity River, no provision was made for commensurately reducing Central Valley Project water diversions, increasing the risk that Trinity Lake could be drained to "dead pool" in drought years.

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Valleys. The Hayfork Valley is the largest agricultural area in Trinity County, with about 52,000 acres (21,000 ha) of farmland. About 80 percent of the Trinity River watershed is federal land managed by the

1757:) runs. The actual number of fish returning to the river each year to spawn, prior to European settlement, is uncertain due to the lack of records. During the first half of the 20th century, before damming, the fall 1218:

pounds (910,000 kg) of salmon from the Trinity River each year. Native peoples also made meal of berries, seeds and acorns, and hunted game animals such as deer and elk that were drawn to the Trinity River.

1502:. A diversion of the Trinity River was contemplated in order to boost the available water supply for the Central Valley watershed, but planners eventually determined that the extra water was not yet needed. The 1239:. In 1850 about 100 Trinity Wintu perished after being given poisoned food by white settlers. By 1910 the Wintu population had been reduced to about 1,000, from an estimated 12,000 prior to European contact. 1448:

Meadows, which is now flooded by Trinity Lake. The Webber family bought a ranch along the Stuart Fork in 1922 and established a resort. Having traveled in Europe, the Webbers thought the area resembled the

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since 1981. The main stem is designated from a point 100 yards (91 m) below Lewiston Dam to the confluence with the Klamath River. The North Fork and New River are designated from the boundary of the

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commercial dredges continued to operate on the Trinity, but at a reduced scale, finally ending in 1959, when the last claim was bought by the federal government in preparation for dam construction of the

5065: 1566:, also in California, in 1968). Trinity Lake can store a maximum of 2,447,650 acre-feet (3.01913 km), or about twice the Trinity River's flow at this point. Below Trinity Dam is the much smaller 688:. In addition, diversion of water to the Central Valley has greatly reduced the total flow of the river since the 1960s, though conversely, a required minimum dam release for protection of migrating 1271:

further north, which Smith also crossed on the same expedition. Harrison Rogers, a member of Smith's party, called the Trinity "Indian Scalp River" although the reason for this name is unknown.

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lived along the Trinity River canyon near its confluence with the New River. They were enemies of the Hupa, but had friendly relations with the Wintu. The now extinct Chimariko language was of

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reduced the capacity of the river to wash away excess sediment. The annual chinook salmon run has dropped by almost 80 percent since the 1950s. In 2002, 65,000 adult salmon perished in a

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in 1933 as a federal public works project, and in 1942 it began investigations to dam the Trinity River. However, the Trinity River plan was dropped in 1945, after the completion of nearby

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in an area with particularly high erosion risk. This generated pushback in the local timber industry, whose decline has partly been attributed to more stringent environmental regulations.

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in the summer and 25 percent in the winter. Many locals remained "so bitter about the dam that they tore down signs and misdirected tourists" for many years after the dam was built.

475:, which sustained Native American tribes for thousands of years. Due to its remoteness, the Trinity did not feature prominently in the early European colonization of California, but the 1539:, reducing its reliance on water from the Colorado River. However, with the exception of the upper Trinity River project, none of these dam and diversion projects were ever realized. 1530:

Colorado. The United Western Investigation, in 1951, proposed the damming of nearly every river in the North Coast region of California, chiefly the Trinity, Klamath and Eel. The

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which began operating in 1862 on Oregon Gulch, a small creek that flows into the Trinity, was the biggest hydraulic mine in California, covering over 3,000 acres (1,200 ha).

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on the Trinity River. The lowermost gage, located at Hoopa, measures runoff from 2,853 square miles (7,390 km), or 97 percent of the Trinity River watershed. The annual

4464: 1359: 1559:, who played a crucial role in shepherding the Trinity bill through Congress; however, the name proved unpopular with locals, and it was changed to Trinity Lake in 1997. 2075: 1096:

are the first recorded indigenous group in the Trinity River area. Their traditional lands included much of the upper (eastern) Trinity River in the present day area of

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as early as the 1830s and 1840s; trapping was common in the area until about 1845. The trail pioneered by Smith was also used by fur trappers, including mountain man

1298:. In 1849 prospectors confirmed the actual path of the river to flow into what, twenty years earlier had been called "Smith's River"; however, Reading's name stuck. 2099:

patchwork of private and public lands, the BLM and Forest Service maintain 14 designated locations for river access between Lewiston and Pigeon Point (just below

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Trinity Dam, an earth embankment structure 538 feet (164 m) high, was the tallest embankment dam in the world at its completion in 1962 (it was surpassed by

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is today) was used by Native Americans for generations before Europeans came to the area. Hudson's Bay Company fur trappers may have used this route in search of

3993: 1423:(called "doodle-bugs" by the miners) were used to turn over the river bottoms that had been inaccessible by the placer miners a half-century earlier. After 1247:

eventually granted a reservation here in 1876. They are the only Native American group in California to retain most of their original territory; today, the

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area also indicates human presence as early as 5000 BC, although it is uncertain at what point the ancestors of modern Native American tribes arrived here.

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The Trinity River is an important water source for irrigation and hydroelectricity generation, as well as a major center of recreational activities such as

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fish for spawning. Along the South Fork, this problem has been exacerbated by the inherently unstable rocks and soils of the Franciscan formation, causing

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As early as the 1930s, the state of California had floated the idea of diverting water from the rainy north to support irrigation in the fertile, but dry

897:(both tributaries of the Sacramento River) to the east and south, respectively. Fir, oak, and pine forests cover about 92 percent of the watershed. 3941: 912:

About 86 percent of the Trinity River watershed is in Trinity County. As of the 2010 census, the population of Trinity County was 13,786. With a

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to the Trinity, prospered as the main trade center through which gold was exchanged for imported supplies and services. The initial discoveries were

1570:, the actual point at which the water is diverted. The 10.7-mile (17.2 km) Clear Creek Tunnel conveys water under the Trinity Mountains to the 506:, the third largest man-made lake in the state. As much as 90 percent of the upper Trinity River watershed was diverted for agriculture in the 4446: 3012: 1555:

started in 1956 and was completed on December 23, 1963. The reservoir was originally named "Clair Engle Lake" to commemorate United States Senator

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created the complex "jumble of different rock types" that characterizes the region today. Rocks commonly found in the Trinity River area include

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In 1884 the California legislature banned hydraulic mining as the flow of tailings from hydraulic mines in the Sierra Nevada was silting up the

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by using canoes to navigate the Trinity and Klamath Rivers. The trade arrangements with neighboring tribes were complex and involved the use of

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Environmental Impact Statement on the Management of River Flows to Mitigate the Loss of the Anadromous Fishery of the Trinity River, California

5337: 201: 3256: 1214:(2014) that "the Chimariko occupied one of the smallest homelands, if not the smallest, of any distinct linguistic group in North America." 4307: 3628: 1721:

Beaver also inhabit the Trinity River watershed although their numbers were much higher before fur trappers came to the area. In 1828, the

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Commercial logging had also been operating for years in the Trinity River country, but most of the timber produced was used locally. After

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The North American Indian, Volume 13: The Hupa, The Yurok, The Karok, The Wiyot, Tolowa and Tututni, The Shasta, The Achomawi, The Klamath

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refers to the Franciscan assemblage as a "nightmare of rocks" due to its complex and fragmented layers. The most common type of rock is

1815: 1363: 1351:) itself. The rate at which gold was extracted, and new methods pioneered to access the harder to reach deposits, was feverish. Author 934:

The lands that make up the Trinity River basin today began to take shape over 200 million years ago by the collision of several exotic

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gold seekers had left. People of Chimariko ancestry continue to live in the region, although the tribe functionally no longer exists.

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during successive Ice Ages, the last of which ended roughly 10,000 years ago. Glacial erosion produced numerous granite outcroppings,

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was extended from Sacramento through Redding and would eventually reach Oregon, making travel to the area easier than ever before.

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The Coast Ranges pass through the western part of the Trinity River Basin and consist of even younger rock formations, chiefly the

598:, the seat of Trinity County and the main population center of the area. It then turns northwest and receives Browns Creek, passes 124: 3919: 5372: 5362: 4890: 2087: 665:. The confluence marks the point where the Klamath turns from its generally southwesterly course to flow north towards the sea. 5377: 2065: 1686:

are common in the dry summers which receive little to no precipitation, aside from the occasional high elevation thunderstorm.

1578:. Along the way the water drops some 1,500 feet (460 m) through three hydroelectric plants, generating nearly one billion 1464: 1056: 457: 372: 2308: 4816: 4595: 4401: 3429: 3394: 3333: 3284: 3179: 3971: 901:

and shrubs account for slightly over 5 percent, and grassland and barren land each cover approximately 1 percent.

4753: 1645:. The watershed also includes some hardwood forests, typically located along canyon bottoms and streams, which are home to 1574:

reservoir, and from there it flows 2.4 miles (3.9 km) through the Spring Creek Tunnel to join the Sacramento River at

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of the Trinity River also flow into the reservoir along with many other tributaries. Just below Trinity Dam is the smaller

336: 4425:"Geomorphic Mapping to Support River Restoration on the Trinity River Downstream from Lewiston Dam, California, 1980–2011" 5367: 5332: 5268: 2143: 894: 611: 1785:

Lewiston Dam blocks fish migration to the upper Trinity River. The Trinity River Fish Hatchery is located below the dam.

2695: 2330: 3765: 3367: 3195: 3132: 3088: 2964: 2201: 3997: 2632: 2606: 2580: 2554: 2528: 2502: 2477:"USGS Gage #11523200 on the Trinity River above Coffee Creek near Trinity Center, CA: Instantaneous streamflow data" 2476: 4562: 2529:"USGS Gage #11525655 on the Trinity River below Limekiln Gulch near Douglas City CA: Instantaneous streamflow data" 4862: 3107:

Cottonwood to Elverta No.3 Transmission Line Rehabilitation Project, Shasta County: Environmental Impact Statement

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Geological Studies in the Klamath Mountains Province, California and Oregon: A Volume in Honor of William P. Irwin

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Volunteers with the Bureau of Land Management board kayaks to collect garbage from the river and its banks in 2022

3885: 2257: 2206: 2148: 878: 709: 2078:(OEHHA) has developed a safe eating advisory for fish caught in the Trinity River based on levels of mercury or 1806:. In the 1980s, water run-off from the Westlands district contributed to the highly publicized contamination of 1690: 1097: 890: 832: 2607:"USGS Gage #11526400 on the Trinity River above the North Fork near Helena, CA: Instantaneous streamflow data" 555:

East. The river continues to flow in a Southwestern direction picking up numerous tributaries before entering

3945: 2138: 1044:

and knife-edged ridges. Remnants of these glaciers, or "glacierets", are still extant in the higher valleys.

2503:"USGS Gage #11525500 on the Trinity River below Lewiston Dam at Lewiston, CA: Instantaneous streamflow data" 538:, at the confluence of High Camp Creek and Chilcoot Creek. It flows south through a deep valley between the 4981: 4637: 3148: 2112: 1733: 1487: 551: 531: 98: 3727: 917:

populated, with the exception of the Hoopa Valley Reservation, which was home to 2,930 people as of 2011.

5161: 5101: 4967: 4953: 4883: 1695: 1452:

Alps, and so named the mountains along the upper Trinity River the "Trinity Alps". During the 1870s, the

642: 580: 507: 453: 4587:

California's Best Fly Fishing: Premier Streams and Rivers from Northern California to the Eastern Sierra

4020:"USGS Gage #11525430 Judge Francis Carr Powerplant near French Gulch, CA: Annual Water-Data Report 2013" 3694: 2762: 2356: 1274:

The Old Trinity Trail, which crosses the mountains between Redding and Weaverville (approximately where

5357: 5311: 5301: 5228: 5151: 4974: 4379: 3667: 1503: 1275: 905:

and wetlands encompass 0.5 percent of the watershed. Less than 2 percent of the watershed is

615: 535: 449: 110: 4049: 3860: 5306: 5080: 5050: 2665: 2219: 1567: 1453: 1287: 882: 783: 775: 627: 599: 568: 564: 360: 352: 4332: 3781: 1143:

Since about 1000 A.D. the lower Trinity River has been inhabited by the Natinixwe, now known as the

753: 5029: 4960: 2079: 1799: 1707: 1268: 1248: 1105: 1052: 815: 779: 771: 650: 646: 635: 603: 591: 356: 340: 3508: 2392: 1827: 5223: 5156: 4709: 4662: 4227: 4152: 4105: 3651: 3602: 3533: 3450: 2070: 1475:

filed a lawsuit against the Forest Service, preventing the cutting of 18.4 million board feet of

1352: 1223: 1086: 1014: 835:. The remaining 20 percent are privately owned; about half are owned by logging companies. 791: 721: 623: 595: 460:, along most of its course the Trinity flows swiftly through tight canyons and mountain meadows. 40: 3020:

Soil Survey of Mendocino County, Eastern Part, and Trinity County, Southwestern Part, California

5055: 5014: 4939: 4925: 4876: 4357: 3231: 2167:"Boundary Descriptions and Names of Regions, Subregions, Accounting Units and Cataloging Units" 1507: 1429: 874: 576: 4178: 3577: 3384: 3357: 3323: 2633:"USGS Gage #11527000 on the Trinity River near Burnt Ranch, CA: Instantaneous streamflow data" 2581:"USGS Gage #11526250 on the Trinity River at Junction City, CA: Instantaneous streamflow data" 5019: 5009: 3419: 3274: 3122: 2555:"USGS Gage #11525854 on the Trinity River at Douglas City, CA: Instantaneous streamflow data" 1404: 1306: 1048: 918: 839: 717: 658: 479:

in the mid-1800s brought thousands of gold seekers to the area. The river was named by Major

187: 4848:

California Department of Water Resources: Trinity River and Tributaries Up-to-Date Flow Data

3421:

Trinity Alps and Vicinity: Including Whiskeytown, Russian Wilderness, and Castle Crags Areas

3105: 2983: 1810:, part of the agricultural drainage system and a significant refuge for birds and wildlife. 1155:

meaning "people of the place where the trails return". Their name for the Trinity River was

873:

The Trinity River watershed borders several major California drainage basins; these are the

5218: 4465:"Trinity River advocates denounce restoration; network claims project poses harm to salmon" 4019: 2196: 1344: 1319: 1295: 1203: 1008: 943: 728:

fully 20 feet (6.1 m) higher than the second highest peak, recorded in December 1955.

587: 488: 476: 441: 8: 5060: 5034: 5024: 4932: 1807: 1375: 1100:. There were nine major groups of Wintu spread across the Trinity, Upper Sacramento, and 984: 828: 823: 819: 472: 2787: 2731: 1802:

on the western side of the San Joaquin Valley, which contains soils laced with salt and

946:, causing uplift of the sea floor under what is now northwestern California. During the 692:

results in a flow rate during the dry season that is higher than it naturally would be.

5111: 5106: 4424: 3834: 2900:"Reconnaissance Geologic Map of the Hayfork 15' Quadrangle, Trinity County, California" 2100: 1499: 1291: 913: 787: 670: 631: 607: 523: 499: 480: 4837: 2984:"Lewiston-Dark Gulch Rehabilitation Project: Geology, Fluvial Geomorphology and Soils" 2844: 1228: 1135: 5286: 5234: 5136: 4812: 4591: 4440: 3761: 3754: 3425: 3390: 3363: 3329: 3280: 3175: 3128: 3084: 3077: 2960: 1670: 1646: 1332: 1323: 1207: 867: 666: 654: 641:

At the confluence of the South Fork, the Trinity River turns sharply north, entering

539: 437: 276: 4847: 4176: 614:

and receives Price Creek. It then enters a deep gorge, which provides the route for

4130: 3555: 3300: 2814:"Hoopa Valley Tribe Sociocultural/Socioeconomics Effects Analysis Technical Report" 2279: 1770: 1711: 1674: 1571: 1511: 1416: 1387: 1315: 1195: 1004: 572: 543: 1370:

temple built in 1874 by Chinese gold miners who settled in the Trinity River area.

862: 749: 724:, and the lowest was 162 cubic feet per second (4.6 m/s) on October 4, 1931. 5260: 4806: 4585: 4180:

The Ashley-Smith explorations and the discovery of a central route to the Pacific

3058: 3044: 2876: 1794:

on the lower Trinity and Klamath rivers (the fish were mostly of Trinity stock).

1742: 1699: 1662: 1536: 1476: 1468: 1180: 1159:

simply meaning "river". The name "Hupa" or "Hoopa" appears to originate from the

1125: 1082: 464: 2927:"Geology of Lode Gold Districts in the Klamath Mountains, California and Oregon" 2334: 1761:

run was estimated at anywhere between 19,000 and 75,500. The spring chinook and

5276: 5244: 5192: 5177: 4490:"Trinity River "Restoration" Program Brought into Question in Coalition Letter" 3045:"Trinity Alps Wilderness Management Plan: Draft Environmental Impact Statement" 1758: 1746: 1722: 1698:(mule deer), and elk. River otters inhabit most streams. Other mammals include 1614: 1588: 1522: 1395: 1259: 1199: 1121: 811: 704:

Swift Creek, in the headwaters of the Trinity River, is mostly fed by snowmelt.

689: 571:, which diverts part of the Trinity River through a hydroelectric plant to the 468: 445: 4842: 1714:

being the most common. The area around Trinity Lake has a significant nesting

1535:

One of the key projects was an aqueduct to transport North Coast water to the

590:

and receives another large tributary named Grass Valley Creek, before passing

483:

who, upon reaching the river in 1848, mistakenly believed it to flow into the

5326: 5146: 5121: 4899: 3059:"Whiskeytown Unit General Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement" 2421: 2280:"Upper Trinity River Watershed Assessment Report: Management and Action Plan" 1666: 1642: 1638: 1579: 1263: 1129: 1109: 1101: 939: 902: 856: 852: 662: 484: 433: 216: 203: 175: 139: 126: 69: 4511: 2926: 1604: 34: 5202: 5197: 5141: 5131: 5126: 5070: 2703:

North Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board Watershed Planning Chapter

2393:"One Hundred and Fifty Years of Sediment Manipulation on the Trinity River" 2166: 2041: 1775: 1765:

runs were about 10,000 each and the annual steelhead run was about 50,000.

1726: 1618: 1563: 1492: 1460: 1424: 1232: 1176: 1172: 1160: 1139:

A Hupa man fishes at the "Sugar Bowl" rapids on the Trinity River, c. 1923.

1093: 1064: 1028: 1007:

formations; the richness of the area made it among the focal points of the

923: 802: 619: 556: 547: 503: 495: 410: 4205: 3206: 1435: 5281: 5075: 4911: 4422: 3475: 2057: 1762: 1658: 1622: 1575: 1556: 1552: 1472: 1348: 1327: 1283: 1236: 1037: 886: 713: 682: 560: 421: 170: 49: 4994: 5296: 5291: 4947: 4907: 4687: 4285:"Federal Legal Opinion Favors Humboldt County's Claim on Trinity Water" 2422:"Floods of December 1964 and January 1965 in the Western United States" 1715: 1634: 1531: 1515: 1380: 951: 906: 638:, its main tributary, enters from the south, nearly doubling the flow. 429: 79: 4852: 3809: 2197:

USGS Gage #11530000 Trinity River at Hoopa, CA: Water-Data Report 2013

1781: 1314:

In July 1848, not too long after James Marshall's famous gold find at

748:

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on

5239: 5116: 1798:

used to develop new irrigation in the 600,000-acre (240,000 ha)

1791: 1750: 1679: 1626: 1336: 1060: 1024: 980: 976: 898: 2064:

The Trinity River and many of its tributaries have been part of the

3556:"The Sawyer Decision: Legal Action Taken To Stop Hydraulic Mining!" 1803: 1754: 1683: 1399: 1187: 1063:, followed by other types of sandstones and shales. Landslides and 947: 847: 843: 685: 678: 661:, 44 miles (71 km) above the mouth of the larger river on the 3103: 2899: 1592:

fishing economy that had sustained local people for generations.

4543:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. September 2014 4308:"The Trinity River: A Triumph of Science over Politics - For Now" 4177:

William H. Ashley; Jedediah S. Smith; Harrison G. Rogers (1918).

3205:. Southern Oregon Digital Archives. June 15, 1916. Archived from 2091: 1654: 1630: 1526: 1449: 1152: 1067:

are common in this region due to erosion as well as earthquakes.

1033: 972: 968: 956: 935: 669:, Weitchpec is situated about 30 miles (48 km) northeast of 4868: 4050:"Salmon Medicine: Federal Trust, the ESA, and the Trinity River" 1167:, which was first recorded by ethnologist George Gibbs in 1852. 645:. It flows through the wider steep-sided namesake valley of the 4919: 4857: 4492:. Environmental Protection Information Center. January 23, 2014 2705:. California State Water Resources Control Board. February 2005 1703: 1420: 1367: 1279: 1041: 1000: 992: 988: 960: 3649: 1542: 700: 5187: 4404:. Environmental Protection Information Center. April 28, 2014 2307:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. October 1, 2012. Archived from 964: 4788: 4787:

Source elevation derived from GNIS source coordinates using

4563:"Are Steelhead & Salmon Returning To The Trinity River?" 436:. The Trinity flows for 165 miles (266 km) through the 5182: 3944:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. April 4, 2011. Archived from 2285:. Trinity County Resource Conservation District. March 2006 2076:

California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment

1710:. Several species of bats are also found in the watershed, 1144: 996: 846:

carried by floods are spread along the rivers forming wide

432:

in the United States and is the principal tributary of the

4423:

Curtis, Jennifer A.; Guerrero, Timothy M. (May 13, 2015).

3996:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. May 13, 2009. Archived from 3970:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. May 13, 2009. Archived from 2251: 1608:

Emerald Lake, located at the headwaters of the Stuart Fork

851:

the Trinity River. Both have had notable impacts on river

2904:

U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3119

1286:

in 1832. Today part of the trail also forms the route of

610:. Further west it passes the former mining settlement of 586:

Below Lewiston Dam the Trinity River passes the towns of

502:. Since 1964 the Trinity River has been dammed to create 4402:"Historic Agreement Reforms Trinity River Fish Hatchery" 3835:"Summary of Volume and Diversion of Trinity River Water" 681:

from the higher elevations of the Klamath Mountains and

4832: 4259:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2014 2451:"USGS Gage #11530000 on the Trinity River at Hoopa, CA" 1819:

young fish in order to reduce the risk of competition.

3603:"Mining Information: Weaverville and Big Bar Stations" 3355: 2025: 2017: 2009: 1993: 1985: 1977: 1961: 1953: 1945: 1929: 1921: 1913: 1897: 1889: 1881: 1725:

expedition was helped across the Trinity River by the

810:

The Trinity River's 2,936-square-mile (7,600 km)

2660: 2658: 2656: 2654: 889:(tributaries of the Klamath River) to the north, and 448:

area of nearly 3,000 square miles (7,800 km) in

4200: 4198: 3534:"Dimensions of the Cheops pyramid (Khufu's pyramid)" 2726: 2724: 2722: 2720: 3829: 3827: 2757: 2755: 2753: 764:

Trinity River monthly mean discharge at Hoopa (cfs)

3753: 3503: 3501: 3499: 3497: 3495: 3493: 3445: 3443: 3441: 3382: 3076: 3039: 3037: 2651: 1741:The Trinity River was once known for its prolific 1222:epidemic in the 1830s, accidentally introduced by 526:. The silty South Fork joins the river from below. 279:, about 12.5 mi (20.1 km) from the mouth 4754:"Wild and Scenic Trinity River Public Access Map" 4583: 4195: 4076:"Anger lingers over towns flooded by Trinity Dam" 3169: 3070: 3068: 2897: 2871: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2717: 2349: 2333:. California Water Impact Network. Archived from 2220:"Trinity Lake Boating Safety Information and Map" 1510:from the bankrupt state of California during the 1171:Klamath Rivers. The Hupa traded with the coastal 922:the economy especially after the creation of the 814:drains a rugged, forested region of California's 463:The river is known for its once prolific runs of 5324: 4663:"Boating on the Trinity Wild & Scenic River" 4333:"The Trinity River - A Trail of Broken Promises" 4100: 4098: 4096: 3824: 3650:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (November 1980). 2924: 2750: 4838:Trinity River Adaptive Management Working Group 4153:"Mammals of the Shasta-Trinity National Forest" 3861:"Death of Sen. Clair Engle: Half century later" 3858: 3514:. Trinity County Resource Conservation District 3490: 3478:. California Department of Parks and Recreation 3438: 3061:. U.S. National Park Service. 1999. p. 61. 3034: 2842: 2768:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. December 19, 2000 2390: 1251:is the largest and most populous in the state. 1210:spoken by the Wintu. Carl Waldman describes in 1116:("those being west"), and the Hayfork Wintu as 618:, the principal road connecting Redding to the 4073: 4047: 3910: 3718: 3626: 3597: 3595: 3414: 3412: 3410: 3408: 3406: 3079:Handbook Of North American Indians: California 3065: 3047:. U.S. Forest Service. August 1995. p. 3. 2862: 1814:Lewiston Dam. The hatchery is operated by the 1682:, brush and grass/rangeland within the basin. 594:and turns west, passing within a few miles of 4884: 4462: 4093: 3751: 3321: 3272: 3120: 1737:A pair of bald eagles along the Trinity River 579:, providing irrigation water to California's 4732:"Gold Panning - When Trinity Turned to Gold" 4445:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 4382:. California Department of Fish and Wildlife 4360:. California Department of Fish and Wildlife 4282: 3918:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. Archived from 3726:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. Archived from 3692: 3257:Tsnungwe place names along the Trinity River 2955:Snoke, Arthur W.; Barnes, Calvin G. (2006). 2838: 2836: 2834: 2690: 2688: 2686: 1706:and many squirrel and rat species including 1410: 5353:Wild and Scenic Rivers of the United States 3892:. United States Congress. September 2, 1997 3721:"Trinity Division - Central Valley Project" 3592: 3403: 3104:United States Department of Energy (1981). 2990:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. November 2007 2954: 2666:"Mainstem Trinity River Watershed Analysis" 2429:Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1866-A 2363:. Klamath Resource Information System. 1995 2357:"Mainstem Trinity River Watershed Analysis" 1525:– which forms the border of California and 1310:An early gold miner along the Trinity River 677:summer, when the primary source of flow is 4891: 4877: 3913:"Trinity Division: Central Valley Project" 3787:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. January 1964 3268: 3266: 3264: 3074: 1816:California Department of Fish and Wildlife 1673:are common along the upper Trinity River; 1386:Another profitable way to access gold was 309:231,000 cu ft/s (6,500 m/s) 4458: 4456: 3668:"Judge Halts Logging Along Trinity River" 3578:"Hydraulic Mining in Northern California" 3351: 3349: 3347: 3345: 3196:"California Place Names of Indian Origin" 2845:"Northwest California: A Natural History" 2831: 2696:"Trinity River Watershed Management Area" 2683: 2402:. Advisory Committee on Water Information 2386: 2384: 2382: 2380: 2378: 1482: 1343:extremely productive, second only to the 4638:"Trinity River upstream of Trinity Lake" 4514:. National Wild and Scenic Rivers System 4305: 4106:"Upper Trinity River Watershed Analysis" 3386:Jedediah Smith: No Ordinary Mountain Man 3174:. Native American Book Publishers, LLC. 3022:. Natural Resources Conservation Service 2400:2nd Joint Federal Interagency Conference 2153:United States Department of the Interior 2052: 1826: 1780: 1778:events that dump sediment into streams. 1732: 1603: 1541: 1491:Stuart Fork arm of Trinity Lake and the 1486: 1434: 1358: 1305: 1134: 1112:. The Trinity River Wintu were known as 1085:culture. Archaeological evidence in the 1013: 861: 801: 699: 517: 289:4,849 cu ft/s (137.3 m/s) 3810:"Diversion Facilities & Operations" 3804: 3802: 3745: 3261: 3007: 3005: 2978: 2976: 2819:. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. July 2012 2305:"Shasta/Trinity River Division Project" 5325: 4833:BOR: Trinity River Restoration Program 4804: 4453: 4278: 4276: 4274: 4170: 3558:. Malakoff Diggins State Historic Park 3342: 3325:Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes 3276:Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes 2375: 2246: 2244: 2242: 2240: 2133: 2131: 2129: 2127: 2066:National Wild and Scenic Rivers System 1822: 1212:Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes 1057:Natural Resources Conservation Service 5343:Rivers of Humboldt County, California 5264:(United States Bureau of Reclamation) 4872: 4635: 4534:"South Fork Trinity River Population" 4074:Jones, Carolyn (September 12, 2011). 3674:. Associated Press. November 23, 1988 2879:. Klamath Resource Information System 2192: 2190: 2188: 2186: 2184: 530:The Trinity River begins deep in the 254:2,936 sq mi (7,600 km) 5338:Rivers of Trinity County, California 4565:. California Trout. December 7, 2011 3799: 3627:Juillerat, Lee (September 2, 2010). 3509:"The Search for Gold in Weaverville" 3002: 2973: 2738:. County of Humboldt. September 2002 2671:. U.S. Forest Service. December 1995 1163:word for the Trinity River country, 770:The other USGS gages are located at 734: 602:, and receives Canyon Creek and the 522:The Trinity River, looking north at 299:162 cu ft/s (4.6 m/s) 5269:Klamath River Hydroelectric Project 4380:"History of Trinity River Hatchery" 4271: 4208:. Trinity River Restoration Program 3812:. Trinity River Restoration Program 3303:. Trinity River Restoration Program 2763:"Trinity River Restoration Program" 2237: 2159: 2144:Geographic Names Information System 2124: 1075: 559:, a large reservoir created by the 13: 4843:NPS: Trinity Wild and Scenic River 4811:. University of California Press. 4798: 4636:Admin, OEHHA (December 30, 2014). 4463:Arthur, Damon (December 1, 2011). 3859:Bezis, Jason A. (August 7, 2014). 3693:Kelly, R. K. (December 10, 1988). 3656:. U.S. Government Printing Office. 3536:. Building the Great Pyramid. 2006 3203:American Archaeology and Ethnology 3149:"Hupa Online Dictionary and Texts" 2181: 1521:As the 1950s began, demand on the 14: 5389: 4898: 4826: 4688:"Trinity River Burnt Ranch Gorge" 4287:. Northcoast Environmental Center 4111:. U.S. Forest Service. March 2005 4027:National Water Information System 2988:Trinity River Restoration Program 2959:. Geological Society of America. 2736:Humboldt 2015 General Plan Update 2637:National Water Information System 2611:National Water Information System 2585:National Water Information System 2559:National Water Information System 2533:National Water Information System 2507:National Water Information System 2481:National Water Information System 2455:National Water Information System 2202:National Water Information System 2169:. United States Geological Survey 1702:, raccoons, skunks, jackrabbits, 1018:Trinity Alps west of Trinity Lake 428:is a major river in northwestern 5348:Tributaries of the Klamath River 4993: 4808:Field Guide to California Rivers 4759:. U.S. Bureau of Land Management 4746: 4724: 4668:. U.S. Forest Service. June 2012 4338:. AquAlliance. November 29, 2012 4250:"Upper Trinity River Population" 4228:"Trinity River Salmon Snapshots" 4131:"Shasta-Trinity National Forest" 4055:. University of California Davis 3456:. U.S. Forest Service. June 2012 3389:. University of Oklahoma Press. 3151:. University of California Davis 2850:. University of California Press 2391:Krause, Andreas (July 1, 2010). 2253:USGS Topo Maps for United States 1844:Trinity River restoration flows 1104:valleys as well as parts of the 739: 712:(USGS) operates eight real-time 657:. It joins the Klamath River at 48: 33: 4702: 4680: 4655: 4629: 4604: 4577: 4555: 4526: 4504: 4482: 4416: 4394: 4372: 4350: 4325: 4299: 4242: 4220: 4145: 4123: 4067: 4041: 4012: 3986: 3968:"Judge Francis Carr Powerplant" 3960: 3934: 3904: 3878: 3852: 3774: 3712: 3686: 3660: 3643: 3620: 3570: 3548: 3526: 3468: 3376: 3356:Hoover, Mildred Brooke (1990). 3315: 3293: 3250: 3224: 3188: 3163: 3141: 3114: 3097: 3075:Sturtevant, William C. (1978). 3051: 2948: 2934:Geological Survey Bulletin 1290 2918: 2891: 2806: 2780: 2732:"Natural Resources and Hazards" 2625: 2599: 2573: 2547: 2521: 2495: 2469: 2443: 2414: 2258:United States Geological Survey 2149:United States Geological Survey 710:United States Geological Survey 5373:Trinity Mountains (California) 5363:Shasta-Trinity National Forest 4781: 4612:"California Fish Advisory Map" 4541:Final SONCC Coho Recovery Plan 4283:Stokely, Tom (February 2015). 4257:Final SONCC Coho Recovery Plan 3782:"Pacific Southwest Water Plan" 3695:"Land of Many Uses and Abuses" 3083:. Government Printing Office. 2431:. U.S. Geological Survey. 1971 2361:U.S. Bureau of Land Management 2323: 2297: 2272: 2212: 1691:Shasta-Trinity National Forest 1098:Shasta-Trinity National Forest 1003:veins are widespread in local 938:– or crustal fragments of the 855:, altering the development of 833:U.S. Bureau of Land Management 458:National Wild and Scenic River 373:National Wild and Scenic River 195: • coordinates 118: • coordinates 1: 5378:Rivers of Northern California 4863:Trinity Wild and Scenic River 3362:. Stanford University Press. 2877:"Trinity River Basin Geology" 2118: 2048: 2040:"an activity equivalent to a 695: 86:Physical characteristics 3359:Historic Spots in California 3301:"Native American Influences" 3124:Indian Placenames in America 2792:Humboldt County General Plan 2209:. 2013. Accessed 2017-09-30. 2113:List of rivers of California 1301: 1254: 1206:dialect of the Hupa and the 797: 774:(above Trinity Lake), below 234: • elevation 161:5,557 ft (1,694 m) 157: • elevation 16:River in northern California 7: 5162:Lava Beds National Monument 5102:Course of the Klamath River 4512:"Trinity River, California" 3383:Barbour, Barton H. (2011). 2225:. U.S. Forest Service. 2014 2106: 1842: 1696:Columbian black-tailed deer 1202:origin, in contrast to the 542:to the east as well as the 272: • location 183: • location 106: • location 10: 5394: 5368:Six Rivers National Forest 5333:Trinity River (California) 5312:California State Route 169 5152:Six Rivers National Forest 4710:"Whitewater & Scenery" 4469:Redding Record Searchlight 4133:. College of the Siskiyous 3840:. CALFED Bay-Delta Program 3424:. Wilderness Press. 2010. 3170:Curtis, Edward S. (2015). 3127:. Vol. 1. McFarland. 2898:Irwin, William P. (2010). 1599: 1504:U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 1070: 929: 383:Wild, Scenic, Recreational 305: • maximum 295: • minimum 285: • average 5307:California State Route 96 5253: 5211: 5170: 5094: 5043: 5002: 4991: 4906: 3994:"Spring Creek Powerplant" 3238:. Smithsonian Institution 2925:Hotz, Preston E. (1971). 1454:Southern Pacific Railroad 1411:Post-Gold Rush settlement 1383:prospered in the region. 1288:California State Route 36 513: 399: 395: 387: 379: 370: 366: 346: 330: 322: 317: 313: 303: 293: 283: 270: 262: 258: 250: 246:165 mi (266 km) 242: 232: 193: 181: 169: 165: 155: 116: 104: 94: 90: 85: 75: 65: 60: 47: 32: 23: 4774: 4427:. U.S. Geological Survey 4358:"Trinity River Hatchery" 4230:. The Nature Conservancy 4029:. U.S. Geological Survey 3476:"Trinity Alps Gold Rush" 3013:"Formation of the Soils" 2936:. U.S. Geological Survey 2906:. U.S. Geological Survey 2843:Sawyer, John O. (2006). 2639:. U.S. Geological Survey 2613:. U.S. Geological Survey 2587:. U.S. Geological Survey 2561:. U.S. Geological Survey 2535:. U.S. Geological Survey 2509:. U.S. Geological Survey 2483:. U.S. Geological Survey 2457:. U.S. Geological Survey 2082:found in local species. 1800:Westlands Water District 1708:northern flying squirrel 1249:Hoopa Valley Reservation 1106:South Fork Trinity River 1053:Cascadia subduction zone 647:Hoopa Valley Reservation 604:North Fork Trinity River 348: • right 5254:Dams and infrastructure 5157:Klamath National Forest 4712:. California Whitewater 3911:Stene, Eric A. (1996). 3719:Stene, Eric A. (1996). 3451:"New River Backcountry" 3328:. Infobase Publishing. 3279:. Infobase Publishing. 2071:Trinity Alps Wilderness 1439:The lower Trinity River 838:The overall climate is 806:Trinity River watershed 722:Christmas flood of 1964 456:Counties. Designated a 332: • left 238:190 ft (58 m) 5171:Native American tribes 4584:O'Brien, Chip (2009). 3886:"Senate Report 105-70" 3752:Reisner, Marc (1993). 3629:"At home in the woods" 3322:Waldman, Carl (2014). 3273:Waldman, Carl (2014). 3121:Nestor, Sandy (2004). 2256:(Map). Cartography by 2207:U.S. Geological Survey 2095:volume of water flow. 2086:Highway 299, contains 2061: 1832: 1786: 1738: 1609: 1547: 1508:Central Valley Project 1495: 1483:Central Valley Project 1440: 1430:Central Valley Project 1371: 1364:Weaverville Joss House 1311: 1140: 1019: 870: 807: 705: 577:Central Valley Project 527: 217:41.18472°N 123.70861°W 140:41.33139°N 122.55250°W 4853:Trinity River Rafting 4158:. U.S. Forest Service 3974:on September 28, 2016 3922:on September 28, 2016 3608:. U.S. Forest Service 2311:on September 28, 2016 2056: 1830: 1784: 1736: 1607: 1545: 1490: 1438: 1405:Great Pyramid of Giza 1362: 1309: 1138: 1049:Franciscan Assemblage 1017: 919:Extractive industries 865: 805: 703: 575:Basin as part of the 521: 5224:Hudson's Bay Company 5219:California Gold Rush 4805:Palmer, Tim (2012). 3942:"Trinity Powerplant" 3865:Red Bluff Daily News 2794:. County of Humboldt 2060:on the Trinity River 1647:California black oak 1320:California Gold Rush 1318:– which started the 1224:Hudson's Bay Company 1009:California Gold Rush 944:North American Plate 649:, past the towns of 222:41.18472; -123.70861 145:41.33139; -122.55250 4690:. California Creeks 4590:. Stackpole Books. 4313:. County of Trinity 4206:"Diversion Impacts" 4048:Hartridge, Anne M. 2331:"The Trinity River" 2155:. January 19, 1981. 1845: 1823:Restoration efforts 1808:Kesterson Reservoir 1376:Great Flood of 1862 1356:from river gravel. 926:reservoir in 1964. 866:Trinity River near 829:U.S. Forest Service 630:from the north. At 318:Basin features 213: / 136: / 39:Trinity River near 5112:Lower Klamath Lake 5107:Upper Klamath Lake 5003:Significant cities 3733:on October 9, 2016 3232:"The Salmon Coast" 2062: 1843: 1833: 1787: 1739: 1610: 1548: 1500:San Joaquin Valley 1496: 1465:Wilderness Society 1441: 1372: 1312: 1292:Pierson B. Reading 1231:killed 175 Wintu, 1141: 1108:and its tributary 1083:Borax Lake Pattern 1020: 914:population density 871: 859:and fish habitat. 808: 778:, above and below 706: 528: 500:whitewater rafting 481:Pierson B. Reading 5358:Klamath Mountains 5320: 5319: 5287:John C. Boyle Dam 5273: 5265: 5235:Klamath Diversion 5137:Klamath Mountains 5044:Major tributaries 4818:978-0-520-95219-5 4597:978-1-934753-03-3 3699:Los Angeles Times 3672:Los Angeles Times 3631:. Herald and News 3431:978-0-89997-580-1 3396:978-0-8061-8324-4 3335:978-1-4381-1010-3 3286:978-1-4381-1010-3 3181:978-0-40308-412-8 2788:"Water Resources" 2337:on March 25, 2016 2037: 2036: 1712:little brown bats 1671:Port Orford cedar 1651:Quercus kelloggii 1333:Pearl River Delta 1324:Sacramento Valley 1208:Wintuan languages 881:to the west, the 761: 760: 667:As the crow flies 540:Trinity Mountains 438:Klamath Mountains 403: 402: 5385: 5271: 5263: 5051:Williamson River 4997: 4893: 4886: 4879: 4870: 4869: 4858:TrinityRiver.Org 4822: 4792: 4785: 4769: 4768: 4766: 4764: 4758: 4750: 4744: 4743: 4741: 4739: 4728: 4722: 4721: 4719: 4717: 4706: 4700: 4699: 4697: 4695: 4684: 4678: 4677: 4675: 4673: 4667: 4659: 4653: 4652: 4650: 4648: 4633: 4627: 4626: 4624: 4622: 4608: 4602: 4601: 4581: 4575: 4574: 4572: 4570: 4559: 4553: 4552: 4550: 4548: 4538: 4530: 4524: 4523: 4521: 4519: 4508: 4502: 4501: 4499: 4497: 4486: 4480: 4479: 4477: 4475: 4460: 4451: 4450: 4444: 4436: 4434: 4432: 4420: 4414: 4413: 4411: 4409: 4398: 4392: 4391: 4389: 4387: 4376: 4370: 4369: 4367: 4365: 4354: 4348: 4347: 4345: 4343: 4337: 4329: 4323: 4322: 4320: 4318: 4312: 4303: 4297: 4296: 4294: 4292: 4280: 4269: 4268: 4266: 4264: 4254: 4246: 4240: 4239: 4237: 4235: 4224: 4218: 4217: 4215: 4213: 4202: 4193: 4192: 4190: 4188: 4174: 4168: 4167: 4165: 4163: 4157: 4149: 4143: 4142: 4140: 4138: 4127: 4121: 4120: 4118: 4116: 4110: 4102: 4091: 4090: 4088: 4086: 4071: 4065: 4064: 4062: 4060: 4054: 4045: 4039: 4038: 4036: 4034: 4024: 4016: 4010: 4009: 4007: 4005: 4000:on March 5, 2016 3990: 3984: 3983: 3981: 3979: 3964: 3958: 3957: 3955: 3953: 3938: 3932: 3931: 3929: 3927: 3917: 3908: 3902: 3901: 3899: 3897: 3882: 3876: 3875: 3873: 3871: 3856: 3850: 3849: 3847: 3845: 3839: 3831: 3822: 3821: 3819: 3817: 3806: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3792: 3786: 3778: 3772: 3771: 3759: 3749: 3743: 3742: 3740: 3738: 3732: 3725: 3716: 3710: 3709: 3707: 3705: 3690: 3684: 3683: 3681: 3679: 3664: 3658: 3657: 3647: 3641: 3640: 3638: 3636: 3624: 3618: 3617: 3615: 3613: 3607: 3599: 3590: 3589: 3574: 3568: 3567: 3565: 3563: 3552: 3546: 3545: 3543: 3541: 3530: 3524: 3523: 3521: 3519: 3513: 3505: 3488: 3487: 3485: 3483: 3472: 3466: 3465: 3463: 3461: 3455: 3447: 3436: 3435: 3416: 3401: 3400: 3380: 3374: 3373: 3353: 3340: 3339: 3319: 3313: 3312: 3310: 3308: 3297: 3291: 3290: 3270: 3259: 3254: 3248: 3247: 3245: 3243: 3228: 3222: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3212:on July 20, 2011 3211: 3200: 3192: 3186: 3185: 3167: 3161: 3160: 3158: 3156: 3145: 3139: 3138: 3118: 3112: 3111: 3101: 3095: 3094: 3082: 3072: 3063: 3062: 3055: 3049: 3048: 3041: 3032: 3031: 3029: 3027: 3017: 3009: 3000: 2999: 2997: 2995: 2980: 2971: 2970: 2952: 2946: 2945: 2943: 2941: 2931: 2922: 2916: 2915: 2913: 2911: 2895: 2889: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2873: 2860: 2859: 2857: 2855: 2849: 2840: 2829: 2828: 2826: 2824: 2818: 2810: 2804: 2803: 2801: 2799: 2784: 2778: 2777: 2775: 2773: 2767: 2759: 2748: 2747: 2745: 2743: 2728: 2715: 2714: 2712: 2710: 2700: 2692: 2681: 2680: 2678: 2676: 2670: 2662: 2649: 2648: 2646: 2644: 2629: 2623: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2603: 2597: 2596: 2594: 2592: 2577: 2571: 2570: 2568: 2566: 2551: 2545: 2544: 2542: 2540: 2525: 2519: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2499: 2493: 2492: 2490: 2488: 2473: 2467: 2466: 2464: 2462: 2447: 2441: 2440: 2438: 2436: 2426: 2418: 2412: 2411: 2409: 2407: 2397: 2388: 2373: 2372: 2370: 2368: 2353: 2347: 2346: 2344: 2342: 2327: 2321: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2301: 2295: 2294: 2292: 2290: 2284: 2276: 2270: 2269: 2267: 2265: 2248: 2235: 2234: 2232: 2230: 2224: 2216: 2210: 2194: 2179: 2178: 2176: 2174: 2163: 2157: 2156: 2135: 2027: 2019: 2011: 1995: 1987: 1979: 1963: 1955: 1947: 1931: 1923: 1915: 1899: 1891: 1883: 1846: 1771:secondary forest 1675:Oregon white oak 1572:Whiskeytown Lake 1512:Great Depression 1417:Sacramento River 1388:hydraulic mining 1196:Chimariko people 1181:dentalium shells 1076:Native Americans 1005:metamorphic rock 895:Cottonwood Creek 743: 742: 735: 626:it receives the 573:Sacramento River 544:Salmon Mountains 391:January 19, 1981 349: 333: 306: 296: 286: 273: 228: 227: 225: 224: 223: 218: 214: 211: 210: 209: 206: 158: 151: 150: 148: 147: 146: 141: 137: 134: 133: 132: 129: 119: 107: 52: 37: 21: 20: 5393: 5392: 5388: 5387: 5386: 5384: 5383: 5382: 5323: 5322: 5321: 5316: 5261:Klamath Project 5249: 5207: 5166: 5090: 5039: 4998: 4989: 4902: 4897: 4829: 4819: 4801: 4799:Further reading 4796: 4795: 4786: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4762: 4760: 4756: 4752: 4751: 4747: 4737: 4735: 4734:. Visit Trinity 4730: 4729: 4725: 4715: 4713: 4708: 4707: 4703: 4693: 4691: 4686: 4685: 4681: 4671: 4669: 4665: 4661: 4660: 4656: 4646: 4644: 4634: 4630: 4620: 4618: 4610: 4609: 4605: 4598: 4582: 4578: 4568: 4566: 4561: 4560: 4556: 4546: 4544: 4536: 4532: 4531: 4527: 4517: 4515: 4510: 4509: 4505: 4495: 4493: 4488: 4487: 4483: 4473: 4471: 4461: 4454: 4438: 4437: 4430: 4428: 4421: 4417: 4407: 4405: 4400: 4399: 4395: 4385: 4383: 4378: 4377: 4373: 4363: 4361: 4356: 4355: 4351: 4341: 4339: 4335: 4331: 4330: 4326: 4316: 4314: 4310: 4304: 4300: 4290: 4288: 4281: 4272: 4262: 4260: 4252: 4248: 4247: 4243: 4233: 4231: 4226: 4225: 4221: 4211: 4209: 4204: 4203: 4196: 4186: 4184: 4175: 4171: 4161: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4150: 4146: 4136: 4134: 4129: 4128: 4124: 4114: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4103: 4094: 4084: 4082: 4072: 4068: 4058: 4056: 4052: 4046: 4042: 4032: 4030: 4022: 4018: 4017: 4013: 4003: 4001: 3992: 3991: 3987: 3977: 3975: 3966: 3965: 3961: 3951: 3949: 3948:on June 2, 2016 3940: 3939: 3935: 3925: 3923: 3915: 3909: 3905: 3895: 3893: 3884: 3883: 3879: 3869: 3867: 3857: 3853: 3843: 3841: 3837: 3833: 3832: 3825: 3815: 3813: 3808: 3807: 3800: 3790: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3779: 3775: 3768: 3756:Cadillac Desert 3750: 3746: 3736: 3734: 3730: 3723: 3717: 3713: 3703: 3701: 3691: 3687: 3677: 3675: 3666: 3665: 3661: 3648: 3644: 3634: 3632: 3625: 3621: 3611: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3600: 3593: 3588:(1): 335. 1907. 3582:Mining American 3576: 3575: 3571: 3561: 3559: 3554: 3553: 3549: 3539: 3537: 3532: 3531: 3527: 3517: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3506: 3491: 3481: 3479: 3474: 3473: 3469: 3459: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3448: 3439: 3432: 3418: 3417: 3404: 3397: 3381: 3377: 3370: 3354: 3343: 3336: 3320: 3316: 3306: 3304: 3299: 3298: 3294: 3287: 3271: 3262: 3255: 3251: 3241: 3239: 3230: 3229: 3225: 3215: 3213: 3209: 3198: 3194: 3193: 3189: 3182: 3168: 3164: 3154: 3152: 3147: 3146: 3142: 3135: 3119: 3115: 3102: 3098: 3091: 3073: 3066: 3057: 3056: 3052: 3043: 3042: 3035: 3025: 3023: 3015: 3011: 3010: 3003: 2993: 2991: 2982: 2981: 2974: 2967: 2953: 2949: 2939: 2937: 2929: 2923: 2919: 2909: 2907: 2896: 2892: 2882: 2880: 2875: 2874: 2863: 2853: 2851: 2847: 2841: 2832: 2822: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2811: 2807: 2797: 2795: 2786: 2785: 2781: 2771: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2760: 2751: 2741: 2739: 2730: 2729: 2718: 2708: 2706: 2698: 2694: 2693: 2684: 2674: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2663: 2652: 2642: 2640: 2631: 2630: 2626: 2616: 2614: 2605: 2604: 2600: 2590: 2588: 2579: 2578: 2574: 2564: 2562: 2553: 2552: 2548: 2538: 2536: 2527: 2526: 2522: 2512: 2510: 2501: 2500: 2496: 2486: 2484: 2475: 2474: 2470: 2460: 2458: 2449: 2448: 2444: 2434: 2432: 2424: 2420: 2419: 2415: 2405: 2403: 2395: 2389: 2376: 2366: 2364: 2355: 2354: 2350: 2340: 2338: 2329: 2328: 2324: 2314: 2312: 2303: 2302: 2298: 2288: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2263: 2261: 2250: 2249: 2238: 2228: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2217: 2213: 2195: 2182: 2172: 2170: 2165: 2164: 2160: 2139:"Trinity River" 2137: 2136: 2125: 2121: 2109: 2051: 2030:(1.88 km) 2029: 2022:(1.01 km) 2021: 2013: 1998:(1.11 km) 1997: 1990:(0.86 km) 1989: 1981: 1966:(0.56 km) 1965: 1958:(0.80 km) 1957: 1949: 1934:(0.44 km) 1933: 1926:(0.56 km) 1925: 1917: 1902:(0.11 km) 1901: 1894:(0.45 km) 1893: 1885: 1878:Critically Dry 1872: 1870: 1865: 1860: 1859:Trinity Release 1855: 1850: 1825: 1743:anadromous fish 1663:canyon live oak 1602: 1537:Imperial Valley 1485: 1469:Audubon Society 1413: 1304: 1276:State Route 299 1257: 1229:John C. Frémont 1078: 1073: 932: 800: 768: 767: 766: 765: 762: 757: 744: 740: 698: 643:Humboldt County 552:Scott Mountains 532:Scott Mountains 516: 465:anadromous fish 375: 347: 331: 304: 294: 284: 271: 235: 221: 219: 215: 212: 207: 204: 202: 200: 199: 196: 184: 156: 144: 142: 138: 135: 130: 127: 125: 123: 122: 117: 105: 99:Scott Mountains 56: 43: 28: 25: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5391: 5381: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5318: 5317: 5315: 5314: 5309: 5304: 5299: 5294: 5289: 5284: 5279: 5277:Link River Dam 5274: 5266: 5257: 5255: 5251: 5250: 5248: 5247: 5245:Siskiyou Trail 5242: 5237: 5232: 5229:Klamath County 5226: 5221: 5215: 5213: 5209: 5208: 5206: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5178:Klamath Tribes 5174: 5172: 5168: 5167: 5165: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5098: 5096: 5092: 5091: 5089: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5068: 5063: 5058: 5053: 5047: 5045: 5041: 5040: 5038: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5006: 5004: 5000: 4999: 4992: 4990: 4988: 4987: 4986: 4985: 4978: 4971: 4964: 4957: 4945: 4944: 4943: 4936: 4929: 4916: 4914: 4904: 4903: 4896: 4895: 4888: 4881: 4873: 4867: 4866: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4828: 4827:External links 4825: 4824: 4823: 4817: 4800: 4797: 4794: 4793: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4770: 4745: 4723: 4701: 4679: 4654: 4628: 4603: 4596: 4576: 4554: 4525: 4503: 4481: 4452: 4415: 4393: 4371: 4349: 4324: 4306:Stokely, Tom. 4298: 4270: 4241: 4219: 4194: 4169: 4144: 4122: 4092: 4066: 4040: 4011: 3985: 3959: 3933: 3903: 3890:105th Congress 3877: 3851: 3823: 3798: 3773: 3766: 3744: 3711: 3685: 3659: 3642: 3619: 3591: 3569: 3547: 3525: 3489: 3467: 3437: 3430: 3402: 3395: 3375: 3368: 3341: 3334: 3314: 3292: 3285: 3260: 3249: 3223: 3187: 3180: 3162: 3140: 3133: 3113: 3096: 3089: 3064: 3050: 3033: 3001: 2972: 2965: 2947: 2917: 2890: 2861: 2830: 2805: 2779: 2749: 2716: 2682: 2650: 2624: 2598: 2572: 2546: 2520: 2494: 2468: 2442: 2413: 2374: 2348: 2322: 2296: 2271: 2236: 2211: 2180: 2158: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2116: 2115: 2108: 2105: 2050: 2047: 2035: 2034: 2031: 2023: 2015: 2007: 2006:Extremely Wet 2003: 2002: 1999: 1991: 1983: 1975: 1971: 1970: 1967: 1959: 1951: 1943: 1939: 1938: 1935: 1927: 1919: 1911: 1907: 1906: 1903: 1895: 1887: 1879: 1875: 1874: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1824: 1821: 1759:chinook salmon 1723:Jedediah Smith 1615:ponderosa pine 1601: 1598: 1589:eminent domain 1580:kilowatt hours 1523:Colorado River 1506:took over the 1484: 1481: 1477:salvage lumber 1412: 1409: 1396:La Grange Mine 1303: 1300: 1260:Jedediah Smith 1256: 1253: 1200:Northern Hokan 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 931: 928: 903:Riparian zones 857:riparian zones 799: 796: 763: 759: 758: 747: 745: 738: 733: 732: 731: 730: 697: 694: 581:Central Valley 536:Trinity County 515: 512: 508:Central Valley 498:, fishing and 469:Chinook salmon 401: 400: 397: 396: 393: 392: 389: 385: 384: 381: 377: 376: 371: 368: 367: 364: 363: 350: 344: 343: 334: 328: 327: 324: 320: 319: 315: 314: 311: 310: 307: 301: 300: 297: 291: 290: 287: 281: 280: 274: 268: 267: 264: 260: 259: 256: 255: 252: 248: 247: 244: 240: 239: 236: 233: 230: 229: 197: 194: 191: 190: 185: 182: 179: 178: 173: 167: 166: 163: 162: 159: 153: 152: 120: 114: 113: 111:Trinity County 108: 102: 101: 96: 92: 91: 88: 87: 83: 82: 77: 73: 72: 67: 63: 62: 58: 57: 53: 45: 44: 38: 30: 29: 26: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5390: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5330: 5328: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5302:Iron Gate Dam 5300: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5270: 5267: 5262: 5259: 5258: 5256: 5252: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5216: 5214: 5210: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5175: 5173: 5169: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5147:Cascade Range 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5122:Klamath Basin 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5099: 5097: 5093: 5087: 5086:Trinity River 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5057: 5056:Sprague River 5054: 5052: 5049: 5048: 5046: 5042: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5010:Klamath Falls 5008: 5007: 5005: 5001: 4996: 4984: 4983: 4979: 4977: 4976: 4972: 4970: 4969: 4965: 4963: 4962: 4958: 4956: 4955: 4951: 4950: 4949: 4946: 4942: 4941: 4937: 4935: 4934: 4930: 4928: 4927: 4923: 4922: 4921: 4918: 4917: 4915: 4913: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4900:Klamath River 4894: 4889: 4887: 4882: 4880: 4875: 4874: 4871: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4831: 4830: 4820: 4814: 4810: 4809: 4803: 4802: 4790: 4784: 4780: 4755: 4749: 4733: 4727: 4711: 4705: 4689: 4683: 4664: 4658: 4643: 4639: 4632: 4617: 4613: 4607: 4599: 4593: 4589: 4588: 4580: 4564: 4558: 4542: 4535: 4529: 4513: 4507: 4491: 4485: 4470: 4466: 4459: 4457: 4448: 4442: 4426: 4419: 4403: 4397: 4381: 4375: 4359: 4353: 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