Triton (moon) - Knowledge

1550: 1432:, a caldera-like feature roughly 100 km in diameter seen near the equator. Surrounding this caldera is a massive cryovolcanic plain, Cipango Planum, which is at least 490,000 km in area; assuming Leviathan Patera is the primary vent, Leviathan Patera is one of the largest volcanic or cryovolcanic constructs in the Solar System. This feature is also connected to two enormous cryolava lakes seen northwest of the caldera. Because the cryolava on Triton is believed to be primarily water ice with some ammonia, these lakes would qualify as stable bodies of surface liquid water while they were molten. This is the first place such bodies have been found apart from Earth, and Triton is the only icy body known to feature cryolava lakes, although similar cryomagmatic extrusions can be seen on 1039:

object, either one that happened to be passing by Neptune (which is unlikely), or a moon or proto-moon in orbit around Neptune (which is more likely). A more recent hypothesis suggests that, before its capture, Triton was part of a binary system. When this binary encountered Neptune, it interacted in such a way that the binary dissociated, with one portion of the binary expelled, and the other, Triton, becoming bound to Neptune. This event is more likely for more massive companions. This hypothesis is supported by several lines of evidence, including binaries being very common among the large Kuiper belt objects. The event was brief but gentle, saving Triton from collisional disruption. Events like this may have been common during the formation of Neptune, or later when it

8273: 1578: 1594: 1114:. It is also the largest retrograde moon in the Solar System. It accounts for more than 99.5% of all the mass known to orbit Neptune, including the planet's rings and thirteen other known moons, and is also more massive than all known moons in the Solar System smaller than itself combined. Also, with a diameter 5.5% that of Neptune, it is the largest moon of a gas giant relative to its planet in terms of diameter, although Titan is bigger relative to Saturn in terms of mass (the ratio of Triton's mass to that of Neptune is approximately 1:4788). It has a radius, density (2.061 g/cm), temperature and chemical composition similar to that of 1797: 1253: 1268:'s atmosphere, the atmosphere of Triton is thought to result from the evaporation of nitrogen from its surface. Its surface temperature is at least 35.6 K (−237.6 °C) because Triton's nitrogen ice is in the warmer, hexagonal crystalline state, and the phase transition between hexagonal and cubic nitrogen ice occurs at that temperature. An upper limit in the low 40s (K) can be set from vapor pressure equilibrium with nitrogen gas in Triton's atmosphere. This is colder than Pluto's average equilibrium temperature of 44 K (−229.2 °C). Triton's surface atmospheric pressure is only about 1.4–1.9 7378: 957: 1744: 1075: 6843: 8279: 1549: 1805: 1536:(880 lb/s). This is similar to that which is estimated for Enceladus's cryovolcanic plumes at 200 kg/s (440 lb/s). However, if Triton's plumes are cryovolcanically driven, it remains to be explained why they predominantly appear over its southern polar cap. Triton's high surface heat flux may directly melt or vaporize nitrogen ice at the base of its polar caps, creating 'hot spots' which break through the ice or move to the ice caps' margins, before erupting explosively. 6323: 36: 842: 1947: 1940: 1695: 9242: 7258: 6740: 1172:, reflecting 60–95% of the sunlight that reaches it, and it has changed only slightly since the first observations. By comparison, the Moon reflects only 11%. This high albedo causes Triton to reflect a lot of whatever little sunlight there is instead of absorbing it, causing it to have the coldest recorded temperature in the Solar System at 38 K (−235 °C). Triton's reddish color is thought to be the result of methane ice, which is converted to 7268: 6750: 1976: 1969: 1372: 1626: 1061: 1004:"They had to have formed beyond the water-ice line," says Mandt, referring to the distance from the sun where water would freeze into ice or snow, which is why Triton and Pluto have similar amounts of certain key elements. "One possibility is that the giant planets moved closer to the sun early in the first 100 million years or so of the Solar System, which may have disrupted the orbits of some bodies like Triton.", says Mandt. 9292: 762: 7372: 9316: 2004: 7384: 9268: 2032: 1280: 9304: 2018: 9280: 1667:(although they have a larger scale), and which may have a similar origin, possibly shear heating from strike-slip motion along faults caused by diurnal tidal stresses experienced before Triton's orbit was fully circularized. These faults with parallel ridges expelled from the interior cross complex terrain with valleys in the equatorial region. The ridges and furrows, or 1399:. Analysis of crater density and distribution has suggested that in geological terms, Triton's surface is extremely young, with regions varying from an estimated 50 million years old to just an estimated 6 million years old. Fifty-five percent of Triton's surface is covered with frozen nitrogen, with water ice comprising 15–35% and 4459:; Donahue, T. M.; Forrester, W. T.; Hall, D. T.; Herbert, F.; Holberg, J. B.; Hunter, D. M.; Krasnopolsky, V. A.; Linick, S.; Lunine, Jonathan I.; McConnell, J. C.; Moos, H. W.; Sandel, B. R.; Schneider, N. M.; Shemansky, D. E.; Smith, G. R.; Strobel, D. F.; Yelle, R. V. (1989). "Ultraviolet Spectrometer Observations of Neptune and Triton". 1353:, it is sensitive to small variations in spectral albedo. Based on the increase in atmospheric pressure between 1989 and 1997, it is estimated that by 2010 Triton's atmospheric pressure may have increased to as much as 4 Pa. By 2017, however, Triton's atmospheric surface pressure had nearly returned to 1815:

The orbital properties of Triton were already determined with high accuracy in the 19th century. It was found to have a retrograde orbit, at a very high angle of inclination to the plane of Neptune's orbit. The first detailed observations of Triton were not made until 1930. Little was known about the

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Four roughly circular "walled plains" have been identified on Triton. They are the flattest regions so far discovered, with a variance in altitude of less than 200 m. They are thought to have formed from the eruption of icy lava. The plains near Triton's eastern limb are dotted with black spots,

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However, the significant geological activity on Triton has led to alternative proposals that the plumes may be cryovolcanic in nature, rather than driven by solar radiation. A cryovolcanic origin better explains the estimated output of Triton’s plumes, which possibly exceeds 400 kilograms per second

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of Neptune's rotation to Neptune's orbit, 30°, and the inclination of Triton's orbit to Neptune's rotation, 157° (an inclination over 90° indicates retrograde motion). Triton's orbit precesses forward relative to Neptune's rotation with a period of about 678 Earth years (4.1 Neptunian years), making

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Studying prior data on the two bodies, the team found that both have a large amount of nitrogen and trace amounts of methane and carbon monoxide, which could have accumulated in the outer regions of the young nebula "For some reason,Triton was then ejected from this region and ensnared by Neptune".

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The few impact craters on Triton are almost all concentrated in the leading hemisphere—that facing the direction of the orbital motion—with the majority concentrated around the equator between 30° and 70° longitude, resulting from material swept up from orbit around Neptune. Because it orbits with

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Steckel, Amanda; Conrad, Jack William; Dekarske, Jason; Dolan, Sydney; Downey, Brynna Grace; Felton, Ryan; Hanson, Lavender Elle; Giesche, Alena; Horvath, Tyler; Maxwell, Rachel; Shumway, Andrew O; Siddique, Anamika; Strom, Caleb; Teece, Bronwyn; Todd, Jessica; Trinh, Kevin T; Velez, Michael A;

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Hofgartner, Jason D.; Birch, Samuel P. D.; Castillo, Julie; Grundy, Will M.; Hansen, Candice J.; Hayes, Alexander G.; Howett, Carly J. A.; Hurford, Terry A.; Martin, Emily S.; Mitchell, Karl L.; Nordheim, Tom A.; Poston, Michael J.; Prockter, Louise M.; Quick, Lynnae C.; Schenk, Paul (March 15,

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Two types of mechanisms have been proposed for Triton's capture. To be gravitationally captured by a planet, a passing body must lose sufficient energy to be slowed down to a speed less than that required to escape. An early model of how Triton may have been slowed was by collision with another

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This has been further supported in a 2024 study of the chemical composition of Pluto and Triton which suggests they originated in the same region of the outer Solar System before the latter was pulled into Neptune’s orbit. Kathleen Mandt at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland and her

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imaged only 40% of Triton's surface, so this remains uncertain. However, the observed cratering asymmetry exceeds what can be explained based on the impactor populations, and implies a younger surface age for the crater-free regions (≤ 6 million years old) than for the cratered regions (≤

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data. Other observations have shown an increase in temperature by 5% from 1989 to 1998. These observations indicated Triton was approaching an unusually warm southern hemisphere summer season that happens only once every few hundred years. Hypotheses for this warming include a change of frost

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was frequently included in those plans. No efforts aimed at Neptune and Triton went beyond the proposal phase and NASA's funding for missions to the outer Solar System is currently focused on the Jupiter and Saturn systems. A proposed lander mission to Triton, called

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colleagues hypothesize that Triton and Pluto formed close to each other before the Solar System settled down. "They probably formed in the same region, which wouldn't be where the Kuiper belt is now—it would have been either closer or further away," says Mandt.

1295:(a "weather region") rising to an altitude of 8 km. Streaks on Triton's surface left by geyser plumes suggest that the troposphere is driven by seasonal winds capable of moving material over a micrometer in size. Unlike other atmospheres, Triton's lacks a 5388:

Elliot, J. L.; Hammel, H. B.; Wasserman, L. H.; Franz, O. G.; McDonald, S. W.; Person, M. J.; Olkin, C. B.; Dunham, E. W.; Spencer, J. R.; Stansberry, J. A.; Buie, M. W.; Pasachoff, J. M.; Babcock, B. A.; McConnochie, T. H. (1998). "Global warming on Triton".

699:. Triton's atmosphere is relatively thin and strongly variable, with its atmospheric surface pressure varying by up to a factor of three within the past 30 years. Triton's atmosphere supports clouds of nitrogen ice crystals and a layer of organic atmospheric 1848:

in 1954. He obtained a value of 3,800 km. Subsequent measurement attempts arrived at values ranging from 2,500 to 6,000 km, or from slightly smaller than the Moon (3,474.2 km) to nearly half the diameter of Earth. Data from the approach of

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The high plains found on Triton's eastern hemisphere, such as Cipango Planum, cover over and blot out older features, and are therefore almost certainly the result of icy lava washing over the previous landscape. The plains are dotted with pits, such as

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of its interior, which could have kept Triton fluid for a billion years; this inference is supported by evidence of differentiation in Triton's interior. This source of internal heat disappeared following tidal locking and circularization of the orbit.

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received news of Neptune's discovery, he wrote to Lassell suggesting he search for possible moons. Lassell discovered Triton eight days later. Lassell also claimed for a period to have discovered rings. Although Neptune was later confirmed to

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to be synchronous with its orbit around Neptune: it keeps one face oriented toward the planet at all times. Its equator is almost exactly aligned with its orbital plane. At present, Triton's rotational axis is about 40° from Neptune's

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Triton's south polar region is covered by a highly reflective cap of frozen nitrogen and methane sprinkled by impact craters and openings of geysers. Little is known about the north pole because it was on the night side during the

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dust from beneath the surface of Triton in plumes up to 8 km high. Triton is thus one of the few bodies in the Solar System on which active eruptions of some sort have been observed. The best-observed examples are the

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However, simulations in 2017 showed that after Triton's capture, and before its orbital eccentricity decreased, it probably did collide with at least one other moon, and caused collisions between other moons.

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one side permanently facing the planet, astronomers expect that Triton should have fewer impacts on its trailing hemisphere, due to impacts on the leading hemisphere being more frequent and more violent.

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of nearby stars, which indicated the presence of an atmosphere and an exotic surface. Observations in late 1997 suggest that Triton is heating up and the atmosphere has become significantly denser since

1128:. Only 40% of Triton's surface has been observed and studied, but it may be entirely covered in such a thin sheet of nitrogen ice. Triton's surface consists of 55% nitrogen ice with other ices mixed in. 1571:

is seen to the upper left. Just off-screen to the lower left is a fault zone aligned radially with the caldera, indicating a close connection between the tectonics and volcanology of this geologic unit.

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There are extensive ridges and valleys in complex patterns across Triton's surface, probably the result of freeze–thaw cycles. Many also appear to be tectonic and may result from an extension or

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Triton dominates the Neptunian moon system, with over 99.5% of its total mass. This imbalance may reflect the elimination of many of Neptune's original satellites following Triton's capture.

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until enough pressure accumulates for it to erupt through the translucent layer. This model is largely supported by the observation that Triton was near peak southern summer at the time of

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revealed blocky outcrops, ridges, troughs, furrows, hollows, plateaus, icy plains and a few craters. Triton is relatively flat; its observed topography never varies beyond a kilometer. The

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are believed to generate enough additional heat to accomplish this and produce the observed signs of recent surface geological activity. The black material ejected is suspected to contain

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Lassell rejected his previous claim of discovery when he found that the orientation of the supposed rings changed when he rotated his telescope tube; see p. 9 of Smith & Baum, 1984.

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its Neptune-orbit-relative inclination vary between 127° and 173°. That inclination is currently 130°; Triton's orbit is now near its maximum departure from coplanarity with Neptune's.

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Tryka, K. A.; Brown, R. H.; Anicich, V.; Cruikshank, D. P.; Owen, T. C. (1993). "Spectroscopic Determination of the Phase Composition and Temperature of Nitrogen Ice on Triton".

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Triton is one of the most geologically active worlds in the Solar System, with an estimated average surface age of less than 100 million years old. Its surface is covered by

7979: 4058: 8480: 2139: 1686:, are thought to be of intermediate age in Triton's geological history, and in many cases to have formed concurrently. They tend to be clustered in groups or "packets". 586: 2959:

Lellouch, E.; de Bergh, C.; Sicardy, B.; Ferron, S.; Käufl, H.-U. (2010). "Detection of CO in Triton's atmosphere and the nature of surface-atmosphere interactions".

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with Neptune. Triton is only slightly larger than Pluto and is nearly identical in composition, which has led to the hypothesis that the two share a common origin.

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as the planets they orbit. Therefore Triton must have been captured from elsewhere in the Solar System. Astrophysicists believe it might have originated in the

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Nelson, R.M.; Smythe, W.D.; Wallis, B.D.; Horn, L.J.; et al. (1990). "Temperature and Thermal Emissivity of the Surface of Neptune's Satellite Triton".

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scientists on numerous occasions over the last decades. All of them identified Triton as being a prime target and a separate Triton lander comparable to the

4164: 1646:, which are probably the vents from which this lava emerged. The composition of the lava is unknown, although a mixture of ammonia and water is suspected. 1323:

created by the action of sunlight on methane. Triton's atmosphere also has clouds of condensed nitrogen that lie between 1 and 3 km from its surface.

786:, they are so faint and dark that it is not plausible he saw them. A brewer by trade, Lassell spotted Triton with his self-built 61 cm (24 in) 3604: 1499:

The precise mechanism behind Triton's plumes is debated; one hypothesis is that Triton's plumes are driven by solar heating underneath a transparent or

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Triton's western hemisphere consists of a strange series of fissures and depressions known as "cantaloupe terrain" because it resembles the skin of a

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Martin-Herrero, Alvaro; Romeo, Ignacio; Ruiz, Javier (2018). "Heat flow in Triton: Implications for heat sources powering recent geologic activity".

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in 1949, Triton was commonly referred to as "the satellite of Neptune". Lassell did not name his discovery; he later successfully suggested the name

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and several other icy outer Solar System worlds. This is not thought to be adequate to power convection in Triton's icy crust. However, the strong

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by NASA that would launch in 2033 and arrive at the Neptune system in 2049. Two lower-cost mission concepts were subsequently developed for the

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melon. Although it has few craters, it is thought that this is the oldest terrain on Triton. It probably covers much of Triton's western half.

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Smith, B. A.; Soderblom, L. A.; Banfield, D.; Barnet, C.; Basilevsky, A. T.; Beebe, R. F.; Bollinger, K.; Boyce, J. M.; Brahic, A. (1989).

1675: 1775:. The largest crater observed on Triton thought to have been created by an impact is a 27-kilometer-diameter (17 mi) feature called 731:

was only able to study about 40% of the moon's surface, multiple concept missions have been developed to revisit Triton. These include a

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terrains suggest a complex geological history. The atmosphere of Triton is composed primarily of nitrogen, with minor components of

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in the Solar System, comprises Triton's mantle, enveloping a core of rock and metal. There is enough rock in Triton's interior for

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and Neptune. However, these moons are all much more distant from their primaries and are small in comparison; the largest of them (

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is to Earth, to gradually decay further; predictions are that 3.6 billion years from now, Triton will pass within Neptune's

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Because Triton's surface indicates a long history of melting, models of its interior posit that Triton is differentiated, like

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Soderblom, L. A.; Kieffer, S. W.; Becker, T. L.; Brown, R. H.; Cook, A. F. II; Hansen, C. J.; Johnson, T. V.; Kirk, R. L.;

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Cruikshank, D. P.; Stockton, A.; Dyck, H. M.; Becklin, E. E.; Macy, W. (1979). "The diameter and reflectance of Triton".

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seas and a nitrogen/methane atmosphere with a density as much as 30% that of Earth. Like the famous overestimates of the

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In Lunar and Planetary Inst., Twenty-fourth Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Part 1: A-F (SEE N94-12015 01-91)

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is a mission concept for a Neptune orbiter with a focus on Triton being studied beginning April 2021 as a possible

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Schenk, P.; Jackson, M. P. A. (April 1993). "Diapirism on Triton: A record of crustal layering and instability".

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from altitudes of 8 to 950 km and an exosphere above that. The temperature of Triton's upper atmosphere, at

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Smith, R. W.; Baum, R. (1984). "William Lassell and the Ring of Neptune: A Case Study in Instrumental Failure".

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Cantaloupe terrain, which is mostly dirty water ice, is only known to exist on Triton. It contains depressions

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metal mirror reflecting telescope (also known as the "two-foot" reflector). This telescope was donated to the

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The proposed capture of Triton may explain several features of the Neptunian system, including the extremely

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Departing image of Triton, showing its hazy atmosphere illuminated by sunlight and "extending" its crescent

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imagery. Triton's massive south polar cap dominates most of the image, with cryovolcanic features such as

8045: 6129: 3545: 3380:"The Royal Observatory Greenwich – where east meets west: Telescope: The Lassell 2-foot Reflector (1847)" 2225: 1357:

levels; the cause for the rapid spike in atmospheric pressure between 1989 and 2017 remains unexplained.

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The current understanding of moons in retrograde orbits means they cannot form in the same region of the

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Dark streaks across Triton's south polar cap surface, thought to be dust deposits left by eruptions of

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around its planet (i.e. it orbits in a direction opposite to the planet's rotation). Most of the outer

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Strom, Robert G.; Croft, Steven K.; Boyce, Joseph M. (1990). "The Impact Cratering Record on Triton".

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All detailed knowledge of the surface of Triton was acquired from a distance of 40,000 km by the

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atmosphere, with trace amounts of carbon monoxide and small amounts of methane near its surface. Like

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to Neptune on August 25, 1989, led to a more accurate estimate of Triton's diameter (2,706 km).

1796: 7787: 5362: 5145: 4172: 4090: 2659: 1020: 597:— revolving in the opposite direction to the parent planet's rotation — the only large moon in the 445: 398: 7377: 6029:

Walter, Callum Andrew; Lowes, Leslie L; Hudson, Troy; Scully, Jennifer E. C. (December 12, 2023).

3571:; Jankowski, D. G.; Nicholson, P. D. (July 1989). "Tidal evolution in the Neptune-Triton system". 3509: 1518:

s flyby, ensuring its southern polar cap was receiving prolonged sunlight. If this were the case,

8247: 5358: 4292:"Powering Triton's recent geological activity by obliquity tides: Implications for Pluto geology" 1204: 624:

in the Solar System, the second-largest planetary moon in relation to its primary (after Earth's

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Lunine, Jonathan I.; Nolan, Michael C. (November 1992). "A massive early atmosphere on Triton".

2111: 1841:, this proved incorrect. As with Mars, a denser atmosphere is postulated for its early history. 1252: 9336: 9245: 8038: 7205: 7126: 6969: 6462: 6122: 6030: 5810:

Stone, EC; Miner, ED (December 15, 1989). "The Voyager 2 Encounter with the Neptunian System".

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Ingersoll, Andrew P.; Tryka, Kimberly A. (1990). "Triton's Plumes: The Dust Devil Hypothesis".

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Irwin, L. N.; Schulze-Makuch, D. (2001). "Assessing the Plausibility of Life on Other Worlds".

2275: 2212: 1615:. These features are unusually crater free, indicating they are young and were recently molten. 1231: 1122: 976:, a ring of small icy objects extending from just inside the orbit of Neptune to about 50 956: 653: 6490: 5105:"Triton: Topography and Geology of a Probable Ocean World with Comparison to Pluto and Charon" 4072: 2779: 1743: 1311:, is higher than that at its surface, due to heat absorbed from solar radiation and Neptune's 1019:. Triton's initially eccentric orbit would have intersected the orbits of irregular moons and 6779: 1912: 917: 742: 610: 5466: 5243: 5073: 3586: 2982: 2932: 1529: 8261: 8143: 8124: 7748: 7187: 7163: 6956: 6626: 6437: 6426: 6156: 5869: 5819: 5784: 5749: 5698: 5647: 5601: 5572: 5563:

Boyce, Joseph M. (March 1993). "A structural origin for the cantaloupe terrain of Triton".

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Schenk, Paul M.; Zahnle, Kevin (December 2007). "On the negligible surface age of Triton".

4855: 4822: 4716: 4659: 4601: 4550: 4468: 4418: 4349: 4306: 4237: 4181: 4121: 3986: 3911: 3853: 3753: 3702: 3616: 3582: 3520: 3446: 3342: 3302: 3268: 3234: 3190: 3061: 2978: 2928: 2876: 2838: 2668: 1899: 1876: 1663:. There are long double ridges of ice with central troughs bearing a strong resemblance to 1243: 1230:, and if liquid water is present on Triton, it has been speculated that this could make it 909: 774: 736: 661: 590: 522: 437: 216: 4036: 3940: 3408: 984:

observed from Earth, the belt is also home to several large, planet-like bodies including

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Duxbury, N S; Brown, R H (August 1993). "The Phase Composition of Triton's Polar Caps".

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In the 1990s, various observations from Earth were made of the limb of Triton using the

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found only 179 that were incontestably of impact origin, compared with 835 observed for

964:(green), in the Solar System's outskirts, is where Triton is thought to have originated. 817:, and was officially adopted many decades later. Until the discovery of the second moon 9308: 9296: 9184: 9015: 9005: 8995: 8985: 8956: 8946: 8924: 8902: 8872: 8862: 8789: 8779: 8769: 8717: 8654: 8644: 8614: 8594: 8564: 8542: 8532: 8489: 8454: 8424: 8414: 8404: 8361: 7796: 7690: 7238: 6806: 6495: 5951: 5843: 5722: 5671: 5499: 5414: 5313: 5255: 5208: 5085: 5041: 4958: 4938: 4881: 4683: 4625: 4574: 4492: 4434: 4322: 4197: 4145: 3876: 3843: 3831: 3777: 3743: 3642: 3404: 3358: 3085: 2994: 2968: 2918: 2681: 2654: 2056: 2023: 1838: 1396: 929: 810: 798: 489: 134: 4839: 4754:"Hubble Space Telescope Helps Find Evidence that Neptune's Largest Moon Is Warming Up" 3923: 8852: 8842: 8727: 8584: 8574: 8206: 7739: 7481: 7443: 7423: 7313: 7267: 6964: 6749: 6636: 6631: 6166: 6161: 5835: 5796: 5761: 5714: 5663: 5638: 5592: 5339: 5200: 5175: 5089: 4962: 4885: 4873: 4675: 4617: 4566: 4518: 4484: 4365: 4223: 4137: 4002: 3881: 3781: 3769: 3646: 3632: 3568: 3460: 3450: 3362: 3077: 2787: 2051: 1894: 1660: 1504: 1366: 1247: 1208: 988:, which is now recognized as the largest in a population of Kuiper belt objects (the 977: 732: 575: 279: 7948: 6096: 5726: 5675: 5418: 5259: 4687: 4629: 4578: 4496: 4326: 4201: 4149: 3796: 2998: 2907:"Constraints on the evolution of the Triton atmosphere from occultations: 1989-2022" 1664: 1543:

spacecraft, it is estimated that a plume eruption on Triton may last up to a year.

1387:

spacecraft during a single encounter in 1989. The 40% of Triton's surface imaged by

9272: 8836: 8707: 8604: 8444: 8341: 8163: 8130: 7676: 7659: 7490: 7361: 7346: 7261: 6974: 6887: 6854: 6832: 6772: 6725: 6589: 6537: 6240: 6230: 5900: 5895: 5847: 5827: 5792: 5757: 5706: 5655: 5609: 5503: 5491: 5406: 5331: 5247: 5212: 5192: 5124: 5103:

Schenk, Paul; Beddingfield, Chloe; Bertrand, Tanguy; et al. (September 2021).

5077: 4996: 4948: 4904: 4863: 4846: 4724: 4667: 4609: 4558: 4476: 4438: 4426: 4357: 4314: 4245: 4228: 4189: 4129: 3994: 3919: 3871: 3861: 3761: 3710: 3624: 3528: 3350: 3310: 3276: 3242: 3198: 3089: 3069: 2986: 2936: 2884: 2676: 2655:"The Orbits of the Neptunian Satellites and the Orientation of the Pole of Neptune" 2037: 1669: 1643: 1604: 1556: 1482: 1429: 1315:. A haze permeates most of Triton's troposphere, thought to be composed largely of 1227: 1212: 1192: 862: 854: 783: 594: 195: 152: 99: 45: 5831: 4671: 4480: 2990: 2940: 1708:-like double ridges. Slidr Sulci (vertical) and Tano Sulci form the prominent "X". 1567:

extend radially from the caldera to the right and upper-right of the image, while

9135: 8278: 8253: 8239: 8187: 8004: 7958: 7908: 7838: 7818: 7641: 7433: 7428: 7413: 7356: 7351: 7211: 7169: 6984: 6929: 6909: 6867: 6827: 6822: 6690: 6685: 6569: 6421: 6394: 6346: 6102: 5710: 5659: 5335: 5282: 5196: 5000: 4783: 4613: 4562: 4318: 4249: 4133: 3998: 3553: 3218: 3047:"Neptune's capture of its moon Triton in a binary–planet gravitational encounter" 1904: 1868: 1834: 1826: 1525: 1437: 1196: 1145: 1008: 980:

from the Sun. Thought to be the point of origin for the majority of short-period

822: 770: 711: 696: 649: 562: 417: 390: 64: 5635: 5272: 5161: 1759:

on Triton's surface are relatively rare. A census of Triton's craters imaged by

323: 8823: 8516: 8325: 8307: 8173: 7989: 7928: 7918: 7888: 7878: 7863: 7753: 7723: 7698: 7562: 7408: 7217: 7015: 6892: 6882: 6877: 6872: 6720: 6604: 6594: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6469: 6235: 4840:

Buratti, Bonnie J.; Hicks, Michael D.; Newburn, Ray L. Jr. (January 21, 1999).

4361: 3866: 3354: 3146: 2576: 2567: 2473: 2441: 2417: 2393: 2363: 2359: 2351: 1804: 1768: 1638:

encounter, but it is thought that Triton must also have a north polar ice cap.

1568: 1519: 1486: 1188: 1133: 1125: 941: 921: 897: 866: 707: 676: 657: 229: 7730: 6060: 5302:"Hypotheses for Triton's plumes: New analyses and future remote sensing tests" 5081: 5015: 4701:

Stevens, M. H.; Strobel, D. F.; Summers, M. E.; Yelle, R. V. (April 3, 1992).

4111: 3628: 3281: 3256: 3119:"NASA Selects Four Possible Missions to Study the Secrets of the Solar System" 908:

Triton's revolution around Neptune has become a nearly perfect circle with an

648:, with the rest being mostly rock and metal. Triton is differentiated, with a 9330: 8294: 8080: 7963: 7953: 7943: 7903: 7883: 7873: 7853: 7759: 7670: 7627: 7604: 7525: 7461: 7456: 7341: 7180: 7023: 6904: 6654: 6444: 6256: 5343: 4456: 3773: 3436: 3315: 3290: 2457: 2425: 2401: 2355: 2062: 1889: 1845: 1756: 1732: 1705: 1560: 1441: 1392: 1376: 1312: 1269: 1223: 1216: 1031: 1012: 902: 882: 826: 818: 778: 680: 669: 250: 5539:. State University of New York (published 1991): 613–19. 1991IAUTA..21..613A 3730:

Sheppard, Scott S.; Jewitt, David (2004). "Extreme Kuiper Belt Object 2001 Q

3715: 3690: 3464: 3247: 3222: 9284: 8526: 8521: 8149: 8061: 8014: 8009: 7923: 7898: 7893: 7833: 7767: 7704: 7569: 7517: 7475: 7403: 7317: 7028: 6862: 6564: 6555: 6087: 5839: 5718: 5667: 5523: 5204: 4953: 4926: 4784:"MIT researcher finds evidence of global warming on Neptune's largest moon" 4679: 4621: 4570: 4488: 4369: 4141: 3885: 3203: 3081: 2888: 2449: 2433: 1883: 1772: 1748: 1612: 1478: 1445: 1433: 1425: 1350: 1300: 1296: 1104: 1016: 969: 913: 841: 684: 629: 602: 598: 35: 20: 4877: 4813:

MacGrath, Melissa (June 28, 1998). "Solar System Satellites and Summary".

1160:. Triton's mean density implies that it probably consists of about 30–45% 660:

at its center. Although Triton's orbit is nearly circular with a very low

8511: 8388: 8335: 8330: 7868: 7717: 7649: 7599: 7594: 7511: 7000: 6934: 6695: 6362: 6266: 5495: 3827: 3748: 2409: 1946: 1857: 1755:

Due to constant erasure and modification by ongoing geological activity,

1694: 1608: 1500: 1419: 1346: 1331: 1316: 1292: 1177: 1157: 1024: 973: 961: 937: 728: 606: 478: 6031:"The Science Case for Nautilus: A Multi-Flyby Mission Concept to Triton" 4908: 4815:

Hubble's Science Legacy: Future Optical/Ultraviolet Astronomy from Space

3073: 2905:

Sicardy, B.; Tej, A.; Gomez-Júnior, A. R.; et al. (February 2024).

2705: 1747:

Tuonela Planitia (left) and Ruach Planitia (center) are two of Triton's

1215:

to this day, similar to what is thought to exist beneath the surface of

9217: 9071: 9059: 9047: 9025: 8966: 8912: 8552: 8383: 8102: 7984: 7684: 7654: 7635: 7577: 7542: 7106: 7082: 7070: 7034: 6939: 6919: 6914: 6700: 6664: 6659: 6261: 6083: 5274:

USGS Astrogeology Research Program: Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature

5251: 5129: 5104: 1800:

NASA illustration detailing the studies of the proposed Trident mission

1713: 1564: 1273: 932:

also cause Triton's orbit, which is already closer to Neptune than the

724: 457: 5688: 4728: 3532: 2811: 9119: 9107: 9095: 9083: 8934: 8757: 8674: 8464: 8302: 8225: 7913: 7843: 7556: 7530: 7467: 7142: 7094: 7058: 7046: 6924: 6669: 6400: 6074: 5972: 4430: 2492:

10. So, the total mass of all moons smaller than Triton is about 1.68

2465: 1818: 1700: 1489: 1464: 1336: 1220: 1153: 889: 720: 8192: 7938: 7773: 5739: 5227: 4647: 3445:. Wiley-Praxis Series in Astronomy and Astrophysics (2nd ed.). 3176: 2620: 1975: 1915:: the first the following June and the second in 2023. The first is 1629:

Triton's bright south polar cap above a region of cantaloupe terrain

1371: 8200: 8095: 6506: 5318: 5168:"Triton's Geyser-Like Plumes: Discovery and Basic Characterization" 4943: 4193: 3848: 3765: 2923: 1919:, which would launch in 2031 and arrive in 2047, and the second is 1600: 1584: 1261: 861:

Triton is unique among all large moons in the Solar System for its

802: 787: 688: 554: 267: 6021: 5768: 5410: 4868: 4841: 2973: 2379:

10 kg. Combined mass of 12 other known moons of Neptune: 7.53

1030:

Triton's eccentric post-capture orbit would have also resulted in

877:

also have retrograde orbits, as do some of the irregular moons of

761: 9208: 8978: 8375: 8107: 8090: 7621: 7371: 6795: 6547: 5266: 4455:

Broadfoot, A. L.; Atreya, S. K.; Bertaux, J. L.; Blamont, J. E.;

3832:"Triton's evolution with a primordial Neptunian satellite system" 2074: 1400: 1320: 1149: 1141: 1137: 1060: 989: 885:) has only 8% of the diameter (and 0.03% of the mass) of Triton. 870: 692: 633: 614: 582: 558: 405: 376: 284: 8030: 5924:"Triton Hopper: Exploring Neptune's Captured Kuiper Belt Object" 5439:. Abstracts of the 25th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. 4409:

Ingersoll, Andrew P. (1990). "Dynamics of Triton's atmosphere".

1844:

The first attempt to measure the diameter of Triton was made by

1625: 8220: 8214: 8181: 7418: 7383: 7174: 5947:"Neptune's Moon Triton Is Destination of Proposed NASA Mission" 5465:

Prockter, L. M.; Nimmo, F.; Pappalardo, R. T. (July 30, 2005).

4517:(3rd ed.). Thailand: Workman Publishing. pp. 172–73. 4509: 2786:(3rd ed.). Amsterdam; Boston: Elsevier. pp. 861–882. 1764: 1728: 1469: 1407: 1406:

forming the remaining 10–20%. The surface also has deposits of

1342: 1173: 1169: 945: 920:

Triton's orbit in the time since the origin of the system, and

878: 874: 830: 727:

remains the only up-close visit to the moon as of 2024. As the

620:

At 2,710 kilometers (1,680 mi) in diameter, Triton is the

579: 468: 336: 5043:

Triton Hopper: Exploring Neptune's Captured Kuiper Belt Object

1410:, a dark, tarry slurry of various organic chemical compounds. 1279: 1168:, or 15.5% of Earth's land area. Triton has an unusually high 117: 8157: 7933: 5774: 5298: 4454: 4222:

Hussmann, Hauke; Sohl, Frank; Spohn, Tilman (November 2006).

2958: 2481: 1493: 1327: 1265: 1200: 1184: 1165: 1129: 1115: 1107: 985: 981: 710:

to be discovered, on October 10, 1846, by English astronomer

6006:

Hansen-Koharcheck, Candice; Fielhauer, Karl (June 7, 2021).

5441:

Abstracts of the 25th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference

4978: 3972:"Heat flow and depth to a possible internal ocean on Triton" 3546:

Seasons Discovered on Neptune's Moon Triton — Space.com

1808:

Neptune (top) and Triton (bottom) three days after flyby of

7848: 7336: 5803: 5614:

10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<0299:DOTARO>2.3.CO;2

5437:

Triton's Lineaments: Complex Morphology and Stress Patterns

5146:"Candidate Cryovolcanic Features in the Outer Solar System" 4591: 4163:

Grundy, W. M.; Buie, M. W.; Spencer, J. R. (October 2002).

3944: 3825: 3723: 1923:, which would launch August 2042 and arrive in April 2057. 1872: 933: 700: 645: 625: 348: 179: 176: 170: 161: 111: 9279: 7312: 6764: 6027: 6005: 5524:

Aksnes, K; Brahic, A; Fulchignoni, M; Marov, M Ya (1990).

5387: 5102: 4700: 2860:

Elliot, J.L.; Strobel, D.F.; Zhu, X.; et al. (2000).

2782:. In Tilman Spohn; Doris Breuer; Torrence Johnson (eds.). 2383:

10 kg, or 0.35%. The mass of the rings is negligible.

6114: 5973:

Abigail Rymer; Brenda Clyde; Kirby Runyon (August 2020).

5896:"Why We Should Use This Jumping Robot to Explore Neptune" 3664:"Pluto and the largest moon of Neptune might be siblings" 3501: 2709: 2616: 1161: 928:

debris disc is likely to have played a substantial role.

916:

damping from tides alone is not thought to be capable of

641: 5219: 4899:

Gray, D (1989). "Voyager 2 Neptune navigation results".

4694: 1152:

ice on the surface, as there are indications of ammonia

1121:

Triton's surface is covered with a transparent layer of

1023:

those of smaller regular moons, dispersing them through

5975:"Neptune Odyssey: Mission to the Neptune-Triton System" 5589: 5517: 5464: 5059: 4585: 4020: 3567: 3442:

The planet Neptune: an historical survey before Voyager

4645: 4540: 4515:

The Grand Tour: A Traveler's Guide to the Solar System

4333: 3539: 3141: 3139: 2904: 2773: 2771: 2769: 2767: 2765: 2763: 2761: 2759: 2757: 2755: 2753: 2751: 1395:

observed are concentrated almost entirely in Triton's

585:. It is the only moon of Neptune massive enough to be 9256: 5435:

Collins, Geoffrey; Schenk, Paul (March 14–18, 1994).

4641: 4639: 4385:"Does Neptune's moon Triton have a subsurface ocean?" 4270:"Overlooked Ocean Worlds Fill the Outer Solar System" 3691:"The coupled orbital and thermal evolution of Triton" 3605:"Triton, Pluto, Centaurs, and Trans-Neptunian Bodies" 3223:"Discovery of Supposed Ring and Satellite of Neptune" 2862:"The Thermal Structure of Triton's Middle Atmosphere" 2749: 2747: 2745: 2743: 2741: 2739: 2737: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2291: 2228: 2164: 2114: 182: 173: 40:

A black-and-white mosaic of Triton, constructed from

5863:"USA.gov: The U.S. Government's Official Web Portal" 5682: 5359:"Gas jet plumes unveil mystery of 'spiders' on Mars" 4752:

Savage, D.; Weaver, D.; Halber, D. (June 24, 1998).

4221: 2837:. Argelander-Institut für Astronomie. Archived from 2606: 1999: 1260:

Triton has a tenuous but well-structured and global

1103:

in the Solar System and is modestly larger than the

167: 158: 155: 114: 108: 105: 4703:"On the thermal structure of Triton's thermosphere" 4339: 3688: 3403: 3170: 3168: 3136: 2488:

10. The total mass of remaining moons is about 0.12

1015:and the scarcity of moons as compared to the other 857:'s orbit (green) in the plane of Neptune's equator. 640:, reflecting a composition of approximately 30–45% 164: 102: 5809: 5733: 5381: 4751: 4636: 4536: 4534: 3507: 3479:"Planet and Satellite Names and their Discoverers" 3147:"Planetary Science Summer School · Jason Dekarske" 2728: 2700: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2692: 2536: 2532: 2530: 2528: 2315: 2253: 2190: 2133: 1957:Enhanced-color map; leading hemisphere is on right 1698:Cantaloupe terrain viewed from 130,000 km by 6546:Listed in approximately increasing distance from 5526:"Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature" 4931:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 4927:"The origin of the cratering asymmetry on Triton" 4812: 4162: 3598: 3596: 3471: 3295:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 3261:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 3227:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 3182:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2648: 2646: 2644: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2602: 2600: 2598: 2596: 2594: 2562: 2560: 1503:layer of nitrogen ice, creating a sort of "solid 1341:patterns on Triton's surface and a change in ice 888:Triton's orbit is associated with two tilts, the 773:on October 10, 1846, just 17 days after the 9328: 5562: 4806: 3328: 3326: 3254: 3217: 3174: 3165: 2859: 2778:McKinnon, William B.; Kirk, Randolph L. (2014). 1140:) the remaining 10–20%. Trace ices include 0.1% 601:to do so. Triton is thought to have once been a 6099:from Paul Schenk, Lunar and Planetary Institute 4648:"Voyager 2 at Neptune: Imaging Science Results" 4531: 3005: 2954: 2952: 2950: 2689: 2525: 2264: 2201: 1869:New concepts for missions to the Neptune system 1833:, astronomers suspected that Triton might have 1620: 5868:. Nasa.gov. September 27, 2013. Archived from 5855: 5049:. Planetary Science Vision 2050 Workshop 2017. 4402: 4263: 4261: 4259: 3729: 3593: 3397: 2900: 2898: 2635: 2591: 2572:"Bound for Pluto, Carrying Memories of Triton" 2557: 1871:to be conducted in the 2010s were proposed by 1791: 8046: 7298: 6780: 6522: 6130: 5558: 5556: 5554: 5467:"A shear heating origin for ridges on Triton" 5434: 4974: 4972: 4747: 4745: 4382: 4026: 3323: 3044: 2609:"Planetary Satellite Mean Orbital Parameters" 2332:With respect to Triton's orbit about Neptune. 1472:-like eruptions of nitrogen gas or water and 794:in the 1880s, but was eventually dismantled. 6111:from the USGS Planetary Nomenclature website 6008:"Triton Ocean Worlds Surveyor concept study" 5852:And the following 12 articles pp. 1422–1501. 4285: 4283: 3969: 3211: 2947: 2777: 2095:Calculated on the basis of other parameters. 2077:, a proposed mission that would flyby Triton 769:Triton was discovered by British astronomer 5938: 5915: 5460: 5458: 4256: 4215: 3508:Davies, M.; Rogers, P.; Colvin, T. (1991). 3291:"Observations of Neptune and his satellite" 3288: 2895: 2826: 2386: 2369: 2098: 1771:, which has only three percent of Triton's 1458:Geology of Triton § South polar plumes 1050: 656:of liquid water and a solid rocky-metallic 8277: 8271: 8053: 8039: 7305: 7291: 6787: 6773: 6529: 6515: 6137: 6123: 5551: 5443:. Vol. 25. Houston, TX. p. 277. 5155: 5143: 5096: 5033: 4969: 4924: 4920: 4918: 4776: 4742: 4450: 4448: 3935: 3933: 3788: 3602: 3040: 3038: 3036: 3034: 2853: 1974: 1945: 1559:, the caldera in the center of the image. 1539:Though only observed up close once by the 805:(the Greek god corresponding to the Roman 34: 6338: 5631: 5629: 5627: 5625: 5623: 5583: 5317: 5128: 4952: 4942: 4867: 4821:. Space Telescope Science Institute: 93. 4408: 4376: 4280: 3875: 3865: 3847: 3747: 3714: 3332: 3314: 3280: 3246: 3202: 2972: 2922: 2800: 2706:"Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters" 2680: 2392:The masses of other spherical moons are: 2326: 2089: 1986:Enhanced-color polar maps; south is right 1291:Turbulence at Triton's surface creates a 765:William Lassell, the discoverer of Triton 679:and is geologically young, with very few 668:, Triton's interior may still experience 5893: 5455: 5430: 5428: 5039: 5013: 4892: 4842:"Does global warming make Triton blush?" 3689:Ross, MN; Schubert, G (September 1990). 3682: 3563: 3561: 3014:"Dark Spots in Our Knowledge of Neptune" 2808:"Classic Satellites of the Solar System" 2652: 2537:Williams, David R. (November 23, 2006). 2344: 1803: 1795: 1742: 1693: 1624: 1607:. Combined, they are nearly the size of 1370: 1278: 1251: 955: 840: 797:Triton is named after the Greek sea god 760: 9357:Objects observed by stellar occultation 9352:Astronomical objects discovered in 1846 6063:Voyager 2 Encounters Neptune and Triton 6057:at NASA's Solar System Exploration site 5356: 4915: 4898: 4445: 3963: 3951:from the original on September 27, 2011 3930: 3734:and the Fraction of Contact Binaries". 3670:. June 18, 2024. pp. Space section 3031: 2832: 2619:(Solar System Dynamics). Archived from 2566: 2191:{\displaystyle {\frac {4}{3}}\pi r^{3}} 1283:Clouds observed above Triton's limb by 1099:Triton is the seventh-largest moon and 756: 9329: 5921: 5620: 5350: 5225: 4833: 4156: 3794: 3429: 3255:Lassell, William (December 11, 1846). 3175:Lassell, William (November 12, 1847). 3045:Agnor, C. B.; Hamilton, D. P. (2006). 2607:Jacobson, R. A. — AJ (April 3, 2009). 2270:Escape velocity derived from the mass 2207:Surface gravity derived from the mass 2144: 8034: 7286: 6768: 6510: 6118: 5966: 5944: 5425: 5369:from the original on October 14, 2013 5294: 5292: 5290: 5228:"Cryovolcanism on the icy satellites" 5040:Oleson, Steven R.; Landis, Geoffrey. 4794:from the original on October 16, 2011 4788:Massachusetts Institute of Technology 4503: 4289: 3900:"Triton crashed into Neptune's moons" 3658: 3656: 3558: 3435: 3374: 3372: 3011: 2833:Fischer, Daniel (February 12, 2006). 2104:Surface area derived from the radius 1689: 1555:Close up of the volcanic province of 836: 613:into Neptune's orbit by the latter's 6536: 5999: 4267: 3335:Journal for the History of Astronomy 3123:NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) 2835:"Kuiperoids & Scattered Objects" 2810:. Observatorio ARVAL. Archived from 2716:from the original on August 14, 2009 2498:List of Solar System objects by size 1468:probe in 1989 observed a handful of 944:system similar to that found around 628:), and larger than all of the known 5894:Ferreira, Becky (August 28, 2015). 5357:Burnham, Robert (August 16, 2006). 5277:, search for "Hili" and "Mahilani" 4513:; Hartmann, William K. (May 2005). 4383:Doyle, Amanda (September 6, 2012). 4290:Nimmo, Francis (January 15, 2015). 3012:Chang, Kenneth (October 18, 2014). 2254:{\displaystyle {\frac {Gm}{r^{2}}}} 1360: 591:thin but well-structured atmosphere 13: 6841: 5945:Brown, David W. (March 19, 2019). 5287: 3807:from the original on July 16, 2011 3653: 3417:from the original on March 1, 2012 3369: 3257:"Physical observations on Neptune" 809:). The name was first proposed by 14: 9373: 8060: 6048: 5238:(1–3) (published 1995): 101–113. 4764:from the original on May 16, 2008 3384:www.royalobservatorygreenwich.org 2653:Jacobson, R. A. (April 3, 2009). 1738: 1330:were made of Triton's limb as it 652:of primarily ice atop a probable 9314: 9302: 9290: 9278: 9266: 9241: 9240: 7382: 7376: 7370: 7266: 7257: 7256: 6846:True color NASA image of Neptune 6748: 6739: 6738: 6321: 5151:. Lunar and Planetary Institute. 5144:Schenk, Paul; Prockter, Louise. 5014:Williams, Matt (July 28, 2015). 3483:International Astronomical Union 3177:"Lassell's Satellite of Neptune" 2784:Encyclopedia of the Solar System 2539:"Neptunian Satellite Fact Sheet" 2030: 2016: 2002: 1967: 1938: 1592: 1576: 1548: 1413: 1132:ice comprises 15–35% and frozen 1073: 1059: 151: 98: 5887: 5137: 5053: 5007: 4105: 4079: 4065: 4051: 3910:(3152): 16. November 18, 2017. 3892: 3819: 3111: 2335: 2316:{\displaystyle {\sqrt {2Gm/r}}} 1930: 1909:large strategic science mission 272:156.885° (to Neptune's equator) 8073:List of possible dwarf planets 7006:Neptune-crossing minor planets 6105:from the NASA/JPL Photojournal 5922:Oleson, Steven (May 7, 2015). 4268:Wenz, John (October 4, 2017). 3970:Ruiz, Javier (December 2003). 2513: 1723:in diameter. The depressions ( 1603:lakes on Triton, seen west of 1528:are thought to erupt from its 1: 9362:Moons with a retrograde orbit 5832:10.1126/science.246.4936.1417 4925:Mah, J.; Brasser, R. (2019). 4672:10.1126/science.246.4936.1422 4481:10.1126/science.246.4936.1459 3924:10.1016/S0262-4079(17)32247-9 3510:"A Control Network of Triton" 2507: 2362:(160 km), and Jupiter's 2066:, a proposed lander to Triton 1532:each spring in the same way. 1237: 845:The orbit of Triton (red) is 593:. Triton orbits Neptune in a 587:rounded under its own gravity 274:129.608° (to Neptune's orbit) 5926:. NASA Glenn Research Center 5797:10.1016/0019-1035(79)90057-5 5762:10.1016/0019-1035(92)90031-2 5711:10.1126/science.250.4979.435 5660:10.1126/science.250.4979.437 5475:Geophysical Research Letters 5336:10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114835 5197:10.1126/science.250.4979.410 5001:10.1016/j.icarus.2007.07.004 4708:Geophysical Research Letters 4614:10.1126/science.261.5122.751 4563:10.1126/science.261.5122.748 4319:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.01.044 4250:10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.005 4134:10.1126/science.250.4979.429 3999:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.09.009 3797:"Binary Kuiper Belt Objects" 3695:Geophysical Research Letters 3603:Cruikshank, Dale P. (2004). 3519:. 96(E1) (E1): 15675–15681. 3449:. pp. 150 (see p. 68). 2961:Astronomy & Astrophysics 2911:Astronomy & Astrophysics 2682:10.1088/0004-6256/137/5/4322 1788:50 million years old). 1621:Polar cap, plains and ridges 1428:features found on Triton is 1349:is among the highest in the 792:Royal Observatory, Greenwich 747:Triton Ocean Worlds Surveyor 7: 6794: 5062:Planetary and Space Science 3552:September 17, 2011, at the 2991:10.1051/0004-6361/201014339 2941:10.1051/0004-6361/202348756 1995: 1917:Triton Ocean World Surveyor 1839:atmospheric density of Mars 1792:Observation and exploration 1496:sea spirit, respectively). 1326:In 1997, observations from 463:0° (to orbit about Neptune) 451:5 d, 21 h, 2 min, 53 s 10: 9378: 6144: 5281:February 26, 2009, at the 4362:10.1089/153110701753198918 4033:Sky and Telescope Magazine 3574:Astronomy and Astrophysics 3355:10.1177/002182868401500101 2134:{\displaystyle 4\pi r^{2}} 2047:List of natural satellites 1455: 1417: 1364: 1241: 951: 483:38 K (−235.2 °C) 18: 9236: 9207: 9134: 8822: 8689: 8502: 8479: 8374: 8316: 8293: 8286: 8269: 8116: 8068: 7975: 7809: 7442: 7391: 7368: 7324: 7252: 7231: 7197: 7155: 7134: 7125: 7014: 6993: 6955: 6948: 6853: 6839: 6815: 6802: 6734: 6713: 6678: 6647: 6612: 6603: 6554: 6544: 6483: 6454: 6412: 6387: 6380: 6355: 6337: 6330: 6319: 6291: 6275: 6249: 6208: 6188: 6175: 6152: 6092:Views of the Solar System 5082:10.1016/j.pss.2018.03.010 3629:10.1007/s11214-005-1964-0 2712:(Solar System Dynamics). 1451: 994:locked in resonant orbits 829:, for the eighth moon of 672:through obliquity tides. 548: 519: 514: 499: 487: 477: 467: 455: 443: 429: 415: 388: 373: 347: 335: 321: 295: 290: 278: 260: 247: 230:Orbital period (sidereal) 227: 215: 201: 194: 143: 128: 93: 83: 78: 70: 58: 53: 33: 7827:: 5268 km / 0.413 Earths 5363:Arizona State University 5232:Earth, Moon, and Planets 4901:Astrodynamics Conference 4173:The Astronomical Journal 4073:"Triton: Neptune's Moon" 4059:"12.3: Titan and Triton" 3867:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9184 3836:The Astronomical Journal 3736:The Astronomical Journal 3668:New Scientist UK edition 2660:The Astronomical Journal 2358:(210 km), Uranus's 2154:derived from the radius 2082: 1332:passed in front of stars 1101:sixteenth-largest object 1084:) compared to the Moon ( 1051:Physical characteristics 502:Absolute magnitude 446:Sidereal rotation period 291:Physical characteristics 19:Not to be confused with 6980:Heinrich Louis d'Arrest 5244:1995EM&P...67..101K 5074:2018P&SS..160...19M 5016:"Neptune's Moon Triton" 4087:"Triton - NASA Science" 3716:10.1029/GL017i010p01749 3587:1989A&A...219L..23C 3282:10.1093/mnras/7.10.165a 2983:2010A&A...512L...8L 2933:2024A&A...682L..24S 2613:JPL satellite ephemeris 1926: 1234:for some form of life. 833:when he discovered it. 825:, previously chosen by 432:Synodic rotation period 196:Orbital characteristics 16:Largest moon of Neptune 6970:Johann Gottfried Galle 6847: 4027:Medkeff, Jeff (2002). 3316:10.1093/mnras/7.17.307 2889:10.1006/icar.1999.6312 2541:. NASA. Archived from 2317: 2276:gravitational constant 2255: 2213:gravitational constant 2192: 2135: 1812: 1801: 1752: 1709: 1630: 1380: 1288: 1257: 1148:. There could also be 965: 858: 853:compared to a typical 766: 342:10,384,000,000 km 48:located left of center 8077:Former dwarf planets 6845: 4211:on February 18, 2019. 3795:Jewitt, Dave (2005). 3609:Space Science Reviews 3447:John Wiley & Sons 3248:10.1093/mnras/7.9.154 3221:(November 13, 1846). 2841:on September 26, 2011 2521:Hercules, My Shipmate 2519:Robert Graves (1945) 2318: 2256: 2193: 2136: 1913:New Frontiers program 1807: 1799: 1746: 1697: 1628: 1418:Further information: 1374: 1282: 1255: 1211:to maintain a liquid 959: 896:Triton's rotation is 847:opposite in direction 844: 801:(Τρίτων), the son of 764: 706:Triton was the first 550:Composition by volume 9347:Former dwarf planets 9342:Irregular satellites 8000:Planetary-mass moons 6368:Former dwarf planets 5987:on December 15, 2020 5533:Reports on Astronomy 5496:10.1029/2005GL022832 5166:(October 19, 1990). 4954:10.1093/mnras/stz851 4008:on December 12, 2019 3830:(November 5, 2017). 3801:University of Hawaii 3489:on February 12, 2008 3410:Astronomie populaire 3289:Lassell, W. (1847). 3204:10.1093/mnras/10.1.8 2570:(November 5, 2014). 2375:Mass of Triton: 2.14 2289: 2226: 2162: 2112: 1704:, with crosscutting 1661:strike-slip faulting 1244:Atmosphere of Triton 1203:, the most abundant 815:Astronomie Populaire 775:discovery of Neptune 757:Discovery and naming 662:orbital eccentricity 622:seventh-largest moon 6109:Triton nomenclature 6088:labelled Triton map 5875:on October 25, 2012 5824:1989Sci...246.1417S 5789:1979Icar...40..104C 5754:1992Icar..100..221L 5703:1990Sci...250..435I 5652:1990Sci...250..437S 5606:1993Geo....21..299S 5577:1993LPI....24..165B 5488:2005GeoRL..3214202P 5449:1994LPI....25..277C 5403:1998Natur.393..765E 5328:2022Icar..37514835H 5226:Kargel, JS (1994). 5189:1990Sci...250..410S 5121:2021RemS...13.3476S 4993:2007Icar..192..135S 4909:10.2514/6.1990-2876 4860:1999Natur.397..219B 4827:2003ASPC..291...93M 4721:1992GeoRL..19..669S 4664:1989Sci...246.1422S 4658:(4936): 1422–1449. 4606:1993Sci...261..751T 4555:1993Sci...261..748D 4473:1989Sci...246.1459B 4423:1990Natur.344..315I 4354:2001AsBio...1..143I 4311:2015Icar..246....2N 4274:Scientific American 4242:2006Icar..185..258H 4186:2002AJ....124.2273G 4126:1990Sci...250..429N 3991:2003Icar..166..436R 3916:2017NewSc.236...16. 3858:2017AJ....154..208R 3758:2004AJ....127.3023S 3707:1990GeoRL..17.1749R 3621:2005SSRv..116..421C 3525:1991JGR....9615675D 3405:Flammarion, Camille 3347:1984JHA....15....1S 3307:1847MNRAS...7..307L 3273:1847MNRAS...7..297L 3239:1846MNRAS...7..157L 3195:1847MNRAS...8....9B 3153:. December 19, 2023 3099:on October 14, 2016 3074:10.1038/nature04792 3066:2006Natur.441..192A 2881:2000Icar..143..425E 2673:2009AJ....137.4322J 2623:on October 14, 2011 2545:on October 20, 2011 2010:Solar System portal 1865:flew past in 1989. 1424:One of the largest 683:. Young, intricate 544:10 atm) (2022) 540:1.454 Pa (1.43 538:10 atm) (1997) 532:10 atm) (1989) 367:0.00359 Earths 71:Discovery date 30: 7980:Discovery timeline 7314:Natural satellites 6848: 6807:Outline of Neptune 6299:Cantaloupe terrain 5952:The New York Times 5252:10.1007/BF00613296 5130:10.3390/rs13173476 4093:on January 7, 2024 4061:. October 7, 2016. 3941:"Triton (Voyager)" 2313: 2251: 2188: 2131: 2057:Neptune in fiction 2024:Outer space portal 1813: 1802: 1753: 1710: 1690:Cantaloupe terrain 1631: 1397:leading hemisphere 1381: 1299:and instead has a 1289: 1272:(0.014–0.019 1258: 1176:under exposure to 1011:of Neptune's moon 966: 930:Tidal interactions 859: 837:Orbit and rotation 811:Camille Flammarion 767: 490:Apparent magnitude 330:23,018,000 km 60:Discovered by 28: 9254: 9253: 9232: 9231: 8028: 8027: 7828: 7280: 7279: 7227: 7226: 7148: 7121: 7120: 6965:Urbain Le Verrier 6762: 6761: 6709: 6708: 6504: 6503: 6479: 6478: 6376: 6375: 6317: 6316: 5818:(4936): 1417–21. 5697:(4979): 435–437. 5397:(6687): 765–767. 5183:(4979): 410–415. 4790:. June 24, 1998. 4760:. STScI-1998-23. 4729:10.1029/92GL00651 4549:(5122): 748–751. 4524:978-0-7611-3547-0 4467:(4936): 1459–66. 4417:(6264): 315–317. 3701:(10): 1749–1752. 3638:978-1-4020-3362-9 3533:10.1029/91JE00976 3456:978-0-471-96015-7 2793:978-0-12-416034-7 2311: 2249: 2173: 2052:Geology of Triton 1993: 1992: 1895:Discovery Program 1822:flew by in 1989. 1505:greenhouse effect 1367:Geology of Triton 1248:Climate of Triton 1228:organic compounds 1209:radioactive decay 813:in his 1880 book 718:of Triton by the 576:natural satellite 569: 568: 534:1.9 Pa (1.88 528:1.4 Pa (1.38 280:Satellite of 266:129.812° (to the 9369: 9319: 9318: 9317: 9307: 9306: 9305: 9295: 9294: 9293: 9283: 9282: 9271: 9270: 9269: 9262: 9244: 9243: 9225: 9223: 9222: 9200: 9190: 9180: 9170: 9160: 9150: 9136:Detached objects 9127: 9125: 9124: 9115: 9113: 9112: 9103: 9101: 9100: 9091: 9089: 9088: 9079: 9077: 9076: 9067: 9065: 9064: 9055: 9053: 9052: 9043: 9033: 9031: 9030: 9021: 9011: 9001: 8991: 8981: 8974: 8972: 8971: 8962: 8952: 8942: 8940: 8939: 8930: 8920: 8918: 8917: 8908: 8898: 8888: 8878: 8868: 8858: 8848: 8815: 8805: 8795: 8785: 8775: 8765: 8763: 8762: 8753: 8743: 8733: 8723: 8713: 8703: 8682: 8680: 8679: 8670: 8660: 8650: 8640: 8630: 8620: 8610: 8600: 8590: 8580: 8570: 8560: 8558: 8557: 8548: 8538: 8495: 8472: 8470: 8469: 8460: 8450: 8440: 8430: 8420: 8410: 8400: 8367: 8357: 8347: 8291: 8290: 8281: 8275: 8055: 8048: 8041: 8032: 8031: 7823: 7802: 7790: 7776: 7762: 7745: 7733: 7726: 7707: 7693: 7679: 7644: 7630: 7616: 7611: 7589: 7584: 7572: 7565: 7551: 7537: 7520: 7503: 7493: 7484: 7470: 7386: 7380: 7374: 7307: 7300: 7293: 7284: 7283: 7270: 7260: 7259: 7146: 7132: 7131: 7114: 7112: 7111: 7102: 7100: 7099: 7090: 7088: 7087: 7078: 7076: 7075: 7066: 7064: 7063: 7054: 7052: 7051: 7042: 7040: 7039: 6975:John Couch Adams 6953: 6952: 6789: 6782: 6775: 6766: 6765: 6752: 6742: 6741: 6726:Rings of Neptune 6610: 6609: 6538:Moons of Neptune 6531: 6524: 6517: 6508: 6507: 6385: 6384: 6335: 6334: 6325: 6324: 6241:Tuonela Planitia 6231:Leviathan Patera 6186: 6185: 6139: 6132: 6125: 6116: 6115: 6079:The Nine Planets 6066: 6043: 6042: 6040: 6038: 6025: 6019: 6018: 6012: 6003: 5997: 5996: 5994: 5992: 5986: 5980:. Archived from 5979: 5970: 5964: 5963: 5961: 5959: 5942: 5936: 5935: 5933: 5931: 5919: 5913: 5912: 5910: 5908: 5901:Vice Motherboard 5891: 5885: 5884: 5882: 5880: 5874: 5867: 5859: 5853: 5851: 5807: 5801: 5800: 5772: 5766: 5765: 5737: 5731: 5730: 5686: 5680: 5679: 5646:(4979): 437–39. 5633: 5618: 5617: 5587: 5581: 5580: 5560: 5549: 5548: 5546: 5544: 5530: 5521: 5515: 5514: 5512: 5510: 5471: 5462: 5453: 5452: 5432: 5423: 5422: 5385: 5379: 5378: 5376: 5374: 5354: 5348: 5347: 5321: 5296: 5285: 5270: 5264: 5263: 5223: 5217: 5216: 5172: 5164:Shoemaker, E. M. 5159: 5153: 5152: 5150: 5141: 5135: 5134: 5132: 5100: 5094: 5093: 5057: 5051: 5050: 5048: 5037: 5031: 5030: 5028: 5026: 5011: 5005: 5004: 4976: 4967: 4966: 4956: 4946: 4922: 4913: 4912: 4896: 4890: 4889: 4871: 4854:(6716): 219–20. 4837: 4831: 4830: 4810: 4804: 4803: 4801: 4799: 4780: 4774: 4773: 4771: 4769: 4749: 4740: 4739: 4737: 4735: 4698: 4692: 4691: 4643: 4634: 4633: 4589: 4583: 4582: 4538: 4529: 4528: 4507: 4501: 4500: 4452: 4443: 4442: 4431:10.1038/344315a0 4406: 4400: 4399: 4397: 4395: 4380: 4374: 4373: 4337: 4331: 4330: 4296: 4287: 4278: 4277: 4265: 4254: 4253: 4219: 4213: 4212: 4210: 4204:. Archived from 4180:(4): 2273–2278. 4169: 4160: 4154: 4153: 4120:(4979): 429–31. 4109: 4103: 4102: 4100: 4098: 4089:. Archived from 4083: 4077: 4076: 4069: 4063: 4062: 4055: 4049: 4048: 4046: 4044: 4035:. Archived from 4024: 4018: 4017: 4015: 4013: 4007: 4001:. Archived from 3976: 3967: 3961: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3947:. June 1, 2005. 3937: 3928: 3927: 3896: 3890: 3889: 3879: 3869: 3851: 3826:Raluca Rufu and 3823: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3792: 3786: 3785: 3751: 3749:astro-ph/0402277 3742:(5): 3023–3033. 3727: 3721: 3720: 3718: 3686: 3680: 3679: 3677: 3675: 3660: 3651: 3650: 3615:(1–2): 421–439. 3600: 3591: 3590: 3581:(1–2): L23–L26. 3565: 3556: 3543: 3537: 3536: 3514: 3505: 3499: 3498: 3496: 3494: 3485:. Archived from 3475: 3469: 3468: 3433: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3422: 3401: 3395: 3394: 3392: 3390: 3376: 3367: 3366: 3330: 3321: 3320: 3318: 3286: 3284: 3252: 3250: 3219:Lassell, William 3215: 3209: 3208: 3206: 3172: 3163: 3162: 3160: 3158: 3143: 3134: 3133: 3131: 3129: 3115: 3109: 3108: 3106: 3104: 3098: 3092:. Archived from 3051: 3042: 3029: 3028: 3026: 3024: 3009: 3003: 3002: 2976: 2956: 2945: 2944: 2926: 2902: 2893: 2892: 2866: 2857: 2851: 2850: 2848: 2846: 2830: 2824: 2823: 2821: 2819: 2804: 2798: 2797: 2775: 2726: 2725: 2723: 2721: 2702: 2687: 2686: 2684: 2667:(5): 4322–4329. 2650: 2633: 2632: 2630: 2628: 2604: 2589: 2588: 2586: 2584: 2564: 2555: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2534: 2523: 2517: 2501: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2479: 2471: 2463: 2455: 2447: 2439: 2431: 2423: 2415: 2407: 2399: 2390: 2384: 2382: 2378: 2373: 2367: 2348: 2342: 2339: 2333: 2330: 2324: 2322: 2320: 2319: 2314: 2312: 2307: 2293: 2268: 2262: 2260: 2258: 2257: 2252: 2250: 2248: 2247: 2238: 2230: 2205: 2199: 2197: 2195: 2194: 2189: 2187: 2186: 2174: 2166: 2148: 2142: 2140: 2138: 2137: 2132: 2130: 2129: 2102: 2096: 2093: 2040: 2038:Astronomy portal 2035: 2034: 2033: 2026: 2021: 2020: 2019: 2012: 2007: 2006: 2005: 1978: 1971: 1949: 1942: 1931: 1816:satellite until 1722: 1644:Leviathan Patera 1605:Leviathan Patera 1596: 1580: 1557:Leviathan Patera 1552: 1517: 1430:Leviathan Patera 1377:geomorphological 1361:Surface features 1310: 1308: 1213:subsurface ocean 1077: 1063: 1041:migrated outward 912:of almost zero. 863:retrograde orbit 667: 654:subsurface ocean 639: 595:retrograde orbit 543: 537: 531: 425: 410: 401: 384: 368: 363: 361: 357: 343: 331: 309: 307: 237: 223: 211: 189: 188: 185: 184: 181: 178: 175: 172: 169: 166: 163: 160: 157: 124: 123: 120: 119: 116: 113: 110: 107: 104: 74:October 10, 1846 46:Leviathan Patera 38: 31: 27: 9377: 9376: 9372: 9371: 9370: 9368: 9367: 9366: 9327: 9326: 9325: 9315: 9313: 9303: 9301: 9291: 9289: 9277: 9267: 9265: 9257: 9255: 9250: 9228: 9220: 9219: 9216: 9203: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9183: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9143: 9130: 9122: 9121: 9118: 9110: 9109: 9106: 9098: 9097: 9094: 9086: 9085: 9082: 9074: 9073: 9070: 9062: 9061: 9058: 9050: 9049: 9046: 9041: 9036: 9028: 9027: 9024: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8984: 8977: 8969: 8968: 8965: 8960: 8955: 8950: 8945: 8937: 8936: 8933: 8928: 8923: 8915: 8914: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8896: 8891: 8886: 8881: 8876: 8871: 8866: 8861: 8856: 8851: 8846: 8841: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8803: 8798: 8793: 8788: 8783: 8778: 8773: 8768: 8760: 8759: 8756: 8751: 8746: 8741: 8736: 8731: 8726: 8721: 8716: 8711: 8706: 8701: 8696: 8685: 8677: 8676: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8658: 8653: 8648: 8643: 8638: 8633: 8628: 8623: 8618: 8613: 8608: 8603: 8598: 8593: 8588: 8583: 8578: 8573: 8568: 8563: 8555: 8554: 8551: 8546: 8541: 8536: 8531: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8475: 8467: 8466: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8438: 8433: 8428: 8423: 8418: 8413: 8408: 8403: 8398: 8393: 8370: 8365: 8360: 8355: 8350: 8345: 8340: 8312: 8282: 8276: 8267: 8112: 8064: 8059: 8029: 8024: 7990:Irregular moons 7971: 7811: 7805: 7800: 7795: 7786: 7772: 7758: 7743: 7738: 7729: 7722: 7703: 7689: 7675: 7667:Jupiter trojans 7640: 7626: 7614: 7609: 7587: 7582: 7568: 7561: 7547: 7535: 7516: 7501: 7496: 7489: 7480: 7466: 7445: 7438: 7394: 7387: 7381: 7375: 7366: 7327: 7320: 7311: 7281: 7276: 7248: 7223: 7212:Mariner Mark II 7193: 7170:Neptune Odyssey 7151: 7117: 7109: 7108: 7105: 7097: 7096: 7093: 7085: 7084: 7081: 7073: 7072: 7069: 7061: 7060: 7057: 7049: 7048: 7045: 7037: 7036: 7033: 7010: 6989: 6985:William Lassell 6944: 6849: 6837: 6828:Small Dark Spot 6823:Great Dark Spot 6811: 6798: 6793: 6763: 6758: 6730: 6721:Neptune trojans 6705: 6674: 6643: 6599: 6550: 6540: 6535: 6505: 6500: 6475: 6450: 6427:Shensuo program 6422:Neptune Odyssey 6414: 6408: 6395:Voyager program 6372: 6351: 6347:William Lassell 6326: 6322: 6313: 6287: 6271: 6245: 6204: 6177: 6171: 6148: 6143: 6061: 6051: 6046: 6036: 6034: 6026: 6022: 6010: 6004: 6000: 5990: 5988: 5984: 5977: 5971: 5967: 5957: 5955: 5943: 5939: 5929: 5927: 5920: 5916: 5906: 5904: 5892: 5888: 5878: 5876: 5872: 5865: 5861: 5860: 5856: 5808: 5804: 5773: 5769: 5738: 5734: 5687: 5683: 5634: 5621: 5588: 5584: 5561: 5552: 5542: 5540: 5528: 5522: 5518: 5508: 5506: 5469: 5463: 5456: 5433: 5426: 5386: 5382: 5372: 5370: 5355: 5351: 5297: 5288: 5283:Wayback Machine 5271: 5267: 5224: 5220: 5170: 5160: 5156: 5148: 5142: 5138: 5101: 5097: 5058: 5054: 5046: 5038: 5034: 5024: 5022: 5012: 5008: 4977: 4970: 4923: 4916: 4897: 4893: 4838: 4834: 4811: 4807: 4797: 4795: 4782: 4781: 4777: 4767: 4765: 4750: 4743: 4733: 4731: 4699: 4695: 4644: 4637: 4600:(5122): 751–4. 4590: 4586: 4539: 4532: 4525: 4508: 4504: 4453: 4446: 4407: 4403: 4393: 4391: 4381: 4377: 4338: 4334: 4294: 4288: 4281: 4266: 4257: 4220: 4216: 4208: 4167: 4161: 4157: 4110: 4106: 4096: 4094: 4085: 4084: 4080: 4075:. January 2010. 4071: 4070: 4066: 4057: 4056: 4052: 4042: 4040: 4039:on May 23, 2008 4025: 4021: 4011: 4009: 4005: 3974: 3968: 3964: 3954: 3952: 3939: 3938: 3931: 3898: 3897: 3893: 3824: 3820: 3810: 3808: 3793: 3789: 3733: 3728: 3724: 3687: 3683: 3673: 3671: 3662: 3661: 3654: 3639: 3601: 3594: 3566: 3559: 3554:Wayback Machine 3544: 3540: 3517:J. Geophys. Res 3512: 3506: 3502: 3492: 3490: 3477: 3476: 3472: 3457: 3434: 3430: 3420: 3418: 3413:. p. 591. 3402: 3398: 3388: 3386: 3378: 3377: 3370: 3331: 3324: 3301:(17): 307–308. 3287: 3267:(10): 167–168. 3253: 3216: 3212: 3173: 3166: 3156: 3154: 3145: 3144: 3137: 3127: 3125: 3117: 3116: 3112: 3102: 3100: 3096: 3060:(7090): 192–4. 3049: 3043: 3032: 3022: 3020: 3010: 3006: 2957: 2948: 2903: 2896: 2864: 2858: 2854: 2844: 2842: 2831: 2827: 2817: 2815: 2814:on July 9, 2011 2806: 2805: 2801: 2794: 2776: 2729: 2719: 2717: 2704: 2703: 2690: 2651: 2636: 2626: 2624: 2605: 2592: 2582: 2580: 2568:Overbye, Dennis 2565: 2558: 2548: 2546: 2535: 2526: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2505: 2504: 2493: 2489: 2485: 2477: 2469: 2461: 2453: 2445: 2437: 2429: 2421: 2413: 2405: 2397: 2391: 2387: 2380: 2376: 2374: 2370: 2352:irregular moons 2349: 2345: 2340: 2336: 2331: 2327: 2303: 2292: 2290: 2287: 2286: 2281:and the radius 2269: 2265: 2243: 2239: 2231: 2229: 2227: 2224: 2223: 2218:and the radius 2206: 2202: 2182: 2178: 2165: 2163: 2160: 2159: 2149: 2145: 2125: 2121: 2113: 2110: 2109: 2103: 2099: 2094: 2090: 2085: 2080: 2036: 2031: 2029: 2022: 2017: 2015: 2008: 2003: 2001: 1998: 1989: 1988: 1987: 1985: 1980: 1979: 1972: 1960: 1959: 1958: 1956: 1951: 1950: 1943: 1929: 1905:Neptune Odyssey 1897:under the name 1835:liquid nitrogen 1794: 1741: 1720: 1692: 1623: 1616: 1597: 1588: 1581: 1572: 1553: 1530:south polar cap 1526:geysers on Mars 1523: 1515: 1485:(named after a 1460: 1454: 1422: 1416: 1404: 1375:Interpretative 1369: 1363: 1306: 1304: 1250: 1242:Main articles: 1240: 1187:, into a solid 1146:carbon monoxide 1126:frozen nitrogen 1097: 1096: 1095: 1094: 1093: 1078: 1069: 1068: 1067: 1064: 1053: 1009:eccentric orbit 954: 867:irregular moons 839: 771:William Lassell 759: 712:William Lassell 697:carbon monoxide 677:frozen nitrogen 665: 638:2.061 g/cm 637: 574:is the largest 563:carbon monoxide 541: 539: 535: 533: 529: 525: 507: 492: 460: 448: 434: 424:1.455 km/s 423: 420: 418:Escape velocity 403: 396: 393: 391:Surface gravity 383:2.061 g/cm 382: 379: 366: 364: 359: 355: 353: 341: 329: 326: 316: 313: 305: 303: 300: 273: 271: 253: 238: 236:5.876854 d 235: 232: 221: 210:354,759 km 209: 206: 204:Semi-major axis 154: 150: 131: 101: 97: 86: 65:William Lassell 49: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 9375: 9365: 9364: 9359: 9354: 9349: 9344: 9339: 9324: 9323: 9311: 9299: 9287: 9275: 9252: 9251: 9249: 9248: 9237: 9234: 9233: 9230: 9229: 9227: 9226: 9213: 9211: 9205: 9204: 9202: 9201: 9196: 9191: 9186: 9181: 9176: 9171: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9151: 9146: 9140: 9138: 9132: 9131: 9129: 9128: 9116: 9104: 9092: 9080: 9068: 9056: 9044: 9039: 9034: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8997: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8975: 8963: 8958: 8953: 8948: 8943: 8931: 8926: 8921: 8909: 8904: 8899: 8894: 8889: 8884: 8879: 8874: 8869: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8849: 8844: 8839: 8834: 8832:Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà 8828: 8826: 8824:Scattered disc 8820: 8819: 8817: 8816: 8811: 8806: 8801: 8796: 8791: 8786: 8781: 8776: 8771: 8766: 8754: 8749: 8744: 8739: 8734: 8729: 8724: 8719: 8714: 8709: 8704: 8699: 8693: 8691: 8687: 8686: 8684: 8683: 8671: 8666: 8661: 8656: 8651: 8646: 8641: 8636: 8631: 8626: 8621: 8616: 8611: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8591: 8586: 8581: 8576: 8571: 8566: 8561: 8549: 8544: 8539: 8534: 8529: 8524: 8519: 8514: 8508: 8506: 8500: 8499: 8497: 8496: 8491: 8485: 8483: 8477: 8476: 8474: 8473: 8461: 8456: 8451: 8446: 8441: 8436: 8431: 8426: 8421: 8416: 8411: 8406: 8401: 8396: 8391: 8386: 8380: 8378: 8372: 8371: 8369: 8368: 8363: 8358: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8338: 8333: 8328: 8322: 8320: 8314: 8313: 8311: 8310: 8305: 8299: 8297: 8288: 8284: 8283: 8270: 8268: 8266: 8265: 8258: 8257: 8256: 8244: 8243: 8242: 8230: 8229: 8228: 8223: 8211: 8210: 8209: 8197: 8196: 8195: 8190: 8178: 8177: 8176: 8171: 8166: 8154: 8153: 8152: 8140: 8139: 8138: 8133: 8120: 8118: 8114: 8113: 8111: 8110: 8105: 8100: 8099: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8083: 8075: 8069: 8066: 8065: 8058: 8057: 8050: 8043: 8035: 8026: 8025: 8023: 8022: 8017: 8012: 8007: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7987: 7982: 7976: 7973: 7972: 7970: 7969: 7966: 7961: 7956: 7951: 7946: 7941: 7936: 7931: 7926: 7921: 7916: 7911: 7906: 7901: 7896: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7856: 7851: 7846: 7841: 7836: 7831: 7830: 7829: 7815: 7813: 7807: 7806: 7804: 7803: 7798: 7793: 7792: 7791: 7782:Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà 7779: 7778: 7777: 7765: 7764: 7763: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7736: 7735: 7734: 7727: 7715: 7711: 7710: 7709: 7708: 7696: 7695: 7694: 7682: 7681: 7680: 7668: 7664: 7663: 7657: 7652: 7647: 7646: 7645: 7633: 7632: 7631: 7619: 7618: 7617: 7612: 7602: 7597: 7592: 7591: 7590: 7585: 7575: 7574: 7573: 7566: 7554: 7553: 7552: 7540: 7539: 7538: 7528: 7523: 7522: 7521: 7509: 7505: 7504: 7499: 7494: 7487: 7486: 7485: 7473: 7472: 7471: 7459: 7454: 7450: 7448: 7440: 7439: 7437: 7436: 7431: 7426: 7421: 7416: 7411: 7406: 7400: 7398: 7389: 7388: 7369: 7367: 7365: 7364: 7359: 7354: 7349: 7344: 7339: 7333: 7331: 7322: 7321: 7310: 7309: 7302: 7295: 7287: 7278: 7277: 7275: 7274: 7264: 7253: 7250: 7249: 7247: 7246: 7241: 7235: 7233: 7229: 7228: 7225: 7224: 7222: 7221: 7218:New Horizons 2 7214: 7209: 7201: 7199: 7195: 7194: 7192: 7191: 7184: 7177: 7172: 7167: 7159: 7157: 7153: 7152: 7150: 7149: 7138: 7136: 7129: 7123: 7122: 7119: 7118: 7116: 7115: 7103: 7091: 7079: 7067: 7055: 7043: 7031: 7026: 7020: 7018: 7012: 7011: 7009: 7008: 7003: 6997: 6995: 6991: 6990: 6988: 6987: 6982: 6977: 6972: 6967: 6961: 6959: 6950: 6946: 6945: 6943: 6942: 6937: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6917: 6912: 6907: 6902: 6895: 6890: 6885: 6880: 6875: 6870: 6865: 6859: 6857: 6851: 6850: 6840: 6838: 6836: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6819: 6817: 6813: 6812: 6810: 6809: 6803: 6800: 6799: 6792: 6791: 6784: 6777: 6769: 6760: 6759: 6757: 6756: 6746: 6735: 6732: 6731: 6729: 6728: 6723: 6717: 6715: 6711: 6710: 6707: 6706: 6704: 6703: 6698: 6693: 6688: 6682: 6680: 6676: 6675: 6673: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6657: 6651: 6649: 6645: 6644: 6642: 6641: 6640: 6639: 6634: 6629: 6616: 6614: 6607: 6601: 6600: 6598: 6597: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6577: 6572: 6567: 6561: 6559: 6552: 6551: 6545: 6542: 6541: 6534: 6533: 6526: 6519: 6511: 6502: 6501: 6499: 6498: 6493: 6487: 6485: 6481: 6480: 6477: 6476: 6474: 6473: 6470:New Horizons 2 6466: 6458: 6456: 6452: 6451: 6449: 6448: 6441: 6434: 6433: 6432: 6424: 6418: 6416: 6410: 6409: 6407: 6406: 6405: 6404: 6391: 6389: 6382: 6378: 6377: 6374: 6373: 6371: 6370: 6365: 6359: 6357: 6353: 6352: 6350: 6349: 6343: 6341: 6332: 6328: 6327: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6314: 6312: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6295: 6293: 6289: 6288: 6286: 6285: 6279: 6277: 6273: 6272: 6270: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6253: 6251: 6247: 6246: 6244: 6243: 6238: 6236:Ruach Planitia 6233: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6216:Cipango Planum 6212: 6210: 6206: 6205: 6203: 6202: 6199: 6196: 6192: 6190: 6183: 6173: 6172: 6170: 6169: 6164: 6159: 6153: 6150: 6149: 6142: 6141: 6134: 6127: 6119: 6113: 6112: 6106: 6100: 6094: 6081: 6072: 6058: 6055:Triton profile 6050: 6049:External links 6047: 6045: 6044: 6020: 5998: 5965: 5937: 5914: 5886: 5854: 5802: 5783:(1): 104–114. 5767: 5732: 5681: 5619: 5600:(4): 299–302. 5582: 5550: 5516: 5482:(14): L14202. 5454: 5424: 5380: 5349: 5286: 5265: 5218: 5154: 5136: 5109:Remote Sensing 5095: 5052: 5032: 5020:Universe Today 5006: 4968: 4914: 4891: 4832: 4805: 4775: 4741: 4715:(7): 669–672. 4693: 4635: 4584: 4530: 4523: 4502: 4457:Dessler, A. J. 4444: 4401: 4375: 4332: 4279: 4255: 4236:(1): 258–273. 4214: 4194:10.1086/342933 4155: 4104: 4078: 4064: 4050: 4029:"Lunar Albedo" 4019: 3985:(2): 436–439. 3962: 3929: 3891: 3818: 3787: 3766:10.1086/383558 3731: 3722: 3681: 3652: 3637: 3592: 3557: 3538: 3500: 3470: 3455: 3439:(April 1996). 3437:Moore, Patrick 3428: 3396: 3368: 3322: 3210: 3164: 3151:Jason Dekarske 3135: 3110: 3030: 3018:New York Times 3004: 2946: 2894: 2875:(2): 425–428. 2852: 2825: 2799: 2792: 2727: 2688: 2634: 2590: 2577:New York Times 2556: 2524: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2503: 2502: 2385: 2368: 2343: 2334: 2325: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2299: 2296: 2263: 2246: 2242: 2237: 2234: 2200: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2172: 2169: 2143: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2117: 2097: 2087: 2086: 2084: 2081: 2079: 2078: 2072: 2067: 2059: 2054: 2049: 2043: 2042: 2041: 2027: 2013: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1990: 1982: 1981: 1973: 1966: 1965: 1964: 1963: 1961: 1953: 1952: 1944: 1937: 1936: 1935: 1934: 1928: 1925: 1793: 1790: 1757:impact craters 1740: 1739:Impact craters 1737: 1691: 1688: 1665:Europan lineae 1622: 1619: 1618: 1617: 1598: 1591: 1589: 1582: 1575: 1573: 1569:Ruach Planitia 1554: 1547: 1521: 1483:Mahilani plume 1456:Main article: 1453: 1450: 1415: 1412: 1402: 1393:impact craters 1365:Main article: 1362: 1359: 1239: 1236: 1134:carbon dioxide 1079: 1072: 1071: 1070: 1065: 1058: 1057: 1056: 1055: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1027:interactions. 953: 950: 898:tidally locked 838: 835: 758: 755: 708:Neptunian moon 681:impact craters 567: 566: 552: 546: 545: 526: 520: 517: 516: 512: 511: 508: 500: 497: 496: 493: 488: 485: 484: 481: 475: 474: 471: 465: 464: 461: 456: 453: 452: 449: 444: 441: 440: 435: 430: 427: 426: 421: 416: 413: 412: 411:) (0.48 Moons) 394: 389: 386: 385: 380: 374: 371: 370: 351: 345: 344: 339: 333: 332: 327: 322: 319: 318: 314: 311: 301: 296: 293: 292: 288: 287: 282: 276: 275: 264: 258: 257: 254: 248: 245: 244: 233: 228: 225: 224: 219: 213: 212: 207: 202: 199: 198: 192: 191: 147: 141: 140: 132: 129: 126: 125: 95: 91: 90: 87: 84: 81: 80: 76: 75: 72: 68: 67: 62: 56: 55: 51: 50: 39: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9374: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9353: 9350: 9348: 9345: 9343: 9340: 9338: 9337:Triton (moon) 9335: 9334: 9332: 9322: 9312: 9310: 9300: 9298: 9288: 9286: 9281: 9276: 9274: 9264: 9263: 9260: 9247: 9239: 9238: 9235: 9224: 9215: 9214: 9212: 9210: 9206: 9199: 9192: 9189: 9182: 9179: 9172: 9169: 9162: 9159: 9152: 9149: 9142: 9141: 9139: 9137: 9133: 9126: 9117: 9114: 9105: 9102: 9093: 9090: 9081: 9078: 9069: 9066: 9057: 9054: 9045: 9042: 9035: 9032: 9023: 9020: 9013: 9010: 9003: 9000: 8993: 8990: 8983: 8980: 8976: 8973: 8964: 8961: 8954: 8951: 8944: 8941: 8932: 8929: 8922: 8919: 8910: 8907: 8900: 8897: 8890: 8887: 8880: 8877: 8870: 8867: 8860: 8857: 8850: 8847: 8840: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8830: 8829: 8827: 8825: 8821: 8814: 8807: 8804: 8797: 8794: 8787: 8784: 8777: 8774: 8767: 8764: 8755: 8752: 8745: 8742: 8735: 8732: 8725: 8722: 8715: 8712: 8705: 8702: 8695: 8694: 8692: 8688: 8681: 8672: 8669: 8662: 8659: 8652: 8649: 8642: 8639: 8632: 8629: 8622: 8619: 8612: 8609: 8602: 8599: 8592: 8589: 8582: 8579: 8572: 8569: 8562: 8559: 8550: 8547: 8540: 8537: 8530: 8528: 8525: 8523: 8520: 8518: 8515: 8513: 8510: 8509: 8507: 8505: 8501: 8494: 8487: 8486: 8484: 8482: 8478: 8471: 8462: 8459: 8452: 8449: 8442: 8439: 8432: 8429: 8422: 8419: 8412: 8409: 8402: 8399: 8392: 8390: 8387: 8385: 8382: 8381: 8379: 8377: 8373: 8366: 8359: 8356: 8349: 8346: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8332: 8329: 8327: 8324: 8323: 8321: 8319: 8315: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8300: 8298: 8296: 8295:Asteroid belt 8292: 8289: 8285: 8280: 8274: 8264: 8263: 8259: 8255: 8252: 8251: 8250: 8249: 8245: 8241: 8238: 8237: 8236: 8235: 8231: 8227: 8224: 8222: 8219: 8218: 8217: 8216: 8212: 8208: 8205: 8204: 8203: 8202: 8198: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8186: 8185: 8184: 8183: 8179: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8161: 8160: 8159: 8155: 8151: 8148: 8147: 8146: 8145: 8141: 8137: 8134: 8132: 8129: 8128: 8127: 8126: 8122: 8121: 8119: 8115: 8109: 8106: 8104: 8101: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8087: 8084: 8082: 8079: 8078: 8076: 8074: 8071: 8070: 8067: 8063: 8062:Dwarf planets 8056: 8051: 8049: 8044: 8042: 8037: 8036: 8033: 8021: 8018: 8016: 8015:Regular moons 8013: 8011: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7988: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7977: 7974: 7967: 7965: 7962: 7960: 7957: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7947: 7945: 7942: 7940: 7937: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7852: 7850: 7847: 7845: 7842: 7840: 7837: 7835: 7832: 7826: 7822: 7821: 7820: 7817: 7816: 7814: 7808: 7801: 7794: 7789: 7785: 7784: 7783: 7780: 7775: 7771: 7770: 7769: 7766: 7761: 7757: 7756: 7755: 7752: 7750: 7747: 7744: 7737: 7732: 7728: 7725: 7721: 7720: 7719: 7716: 7713: 7712: 7706: 7702: 7701: 7700: 7697: 7692: 7688: 7687: 7686: 7683: 7678: 7674: 7673: 7672: 7669: 7666: 7665: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7643: 7639: 7638: 7637: 7634: 7629: 7625: 7624: 7623: 7620: 7613: 7608: 7607: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7586: 7581: 7580: 7579: 7576: 7571: 7567: 7564: 7560: 7559: 7558: 7555: 7550: 7546: 7545: 7544: 7541: 7534: 7533: 7532: 7529: 7527: 7524: 7519: 7515: 7514: 7513: 7510: 7507: 7506: 7502: 7495: 7492: 7488: 7483: 7479: 7478: 7477: 7474: 7469: 7465: 7464: 7463: 7460: 7458: 7455: 7452: 7451: 7449: 7447: 7441: 7435: 7432: 7430: 7427: 7425: 7422: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7405: 7402: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7390: 7385: 7379: 7373: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7340: 7338: 7335: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7323: 7319: 7315: 7308: 7303: 7301: 7296: 7294: 7289: 7288: 7285: 7273: 7269: 7265: 7263: 7255: 7254: 7251: 7245: 7242: 7240: 7237: 7236: 7234: 7230: 7220: 7219: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7207: 7203: 7202: 7200: 7196: 7190: 7189: 7185: 7183: 7182: 7181:Triton Hopper 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7165: 7161: 7160: 7158: 7154: 7145: 7144: 7140: 7139: 7137: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7124: 7113: 7104: 7101: 7092: 7089: 7080: 7077: 7068: 7065: 7056: 7053: 7044: 7041: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7024:385571 Otrera 7022: 7021: 7019: 7017: 7013: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6998: 6996: 6992: 6986: 6983: 6981: 6978: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6966: 6963: 6962: 6960: 6958: 6954: 6951: 6947: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6923: 6921: 6918: 6916: 6913: 6911: 6908: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6900: 6896: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6860: 6858: 6856: 6852: 6844: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6820: 6818: 6814: 6808: 6805: 6804: 6801: 6797: 6790: 6785: 6783: 6778: 6776: 6771: 6770: 6767: 6755: 6751: 6747: 6745: 6737: 6736: 6733: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6718: 6716: 6712: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6687: 6684: 6683: 6681: 6677: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6656: 6653: 6652: 6650: 6646: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6624: 6623: 6622: 6618: 6617: 6615: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6602: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 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images 6101: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6089: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6067: 6064: 6059: 6056: 6053: 6052: 6032: 6024: 6016: 6009: 6002: 5983: 5976: 5969: 5954: 5953: 5948: 5941: 5925: 5918: 5903: 5902: 5897: 5890: 5871: 5864: 5858: 5849: 5845: 5841: 5837: 5833: 5829: 5825: 5821: 5817: 5813: 5806: 5798: 5794: 5790: 5786: 5782: 5778: 5771: 5763: 5759: 5755: 5751: 5748:(1): 221–34. 5747: 5743: 5736: 5728: 5724: 5720: 5716: 5712: 5708: 5704: 5700: 5696: 5692: 5685: 5677: 5673: 5669: 5665: 5661: 5657: 5653: 5649: 5645: 5641: 5640: 5632: 5630: 5628: 5626: 5624: 5615: 5611: 5607: 5603: 5599: 5595: 5594: 5586: 5578: 5574: 5570: 5566: 5559: 5557: 5555: 5538: 5534: 5527: 5520: 5505: 5501: 5497: 5493: 5489: 5485: 5481: 5477: 5476: 5468: 5461: 5459: 5450: 5446: 5442: 5438: 5431: 5429: 5420: 5416: 5412: 5411:10.1038/31651 5408: 5404: 5400: 5396: 5392: 5384: 5368: 5364: 5360: 5353: 5345: 5341: 5337: 5333: 5329: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5311: 5307: 5303: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5284: 5280: 5276: 5275: 5269: 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4466: 4462: 4458: 4451: 4449: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4428: 4424: 4420: 4416: 4412: 4405: 4394:September 18, 4390: 4386: 4379: 4371: 4367: 4363: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4348:(2): 143–60. 4347: 4343: 4336: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4293: 4286: 4284: 4275: 4271: 4264: 4262: 4260: 4251: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4230: 4225: 4218: 4207: 4203: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4179: 4175: 4174: 4166: 4159: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4108: 4092: 4088: 4082: 4074: 4068: 4060: 4054: 4038: 4034: 4030: 4023: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3973: 3966: 3950: 3946: 3942: 3936: 3934: 3925: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3909: 3905: 3904:New Scientist 3901: 3895: 3887: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3868: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3850: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3833: 3829: 3822: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3791: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3750: 3745: 3741: 3737: 3726: 3717: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3685: 3669: 3665: 3659: 3657: 3648: 3644: 3640: 3634: 3630: 3626: 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2766: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2752: 2750: 2748: 2746: 2744: 2742: 2740: 2738: 2736: 2734: 2732: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2693: 2683: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2662: 2661: 2656: 2649: 2647: 2645: 2643: 2641: 2639: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2603: 2601: 2599: 2597: 2595: 2579: 2578: 2573: 2569: 2563: 2561: 2544: 2540: 2533: 2531: 2529: 2522: 2516: 2512: 2499: 2483: 2475: 2467: 2459: 2451: 2443: 2435: 2427: 2419: 2411: 2403: 2395: 2389: 2372: 2366:(140 km) 2365: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2347: 2338: 2329: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2297: 2294: 2284: 2280: 2277: 2273: 2267: 2244: 2240: 2235: 2232: 2221: 2217: 2214: 2210: 2204: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2170: 2167: 2157: 2153: 2147: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2115: 2107: 2101: 2092: 2088: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2064: 2063:Triton Hopper 2060: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2050: 2048: 2045: 2044: 2039: 2028: 2025: 2014: 2011: 2000: 1984: 1977: 1970: 1962: 1955: 1948: 1941: 1933: 1932: 1924: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1901: 1896: 1892: 1891: 1890:Triton Hopper 1885: 1881: 1879: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1852: 1847: 1846:Gerard Kuiper 1842: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1823: 1821: 1820: 1811: 1806: 1798: 1789: 1786: 1780: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1750: 1745: 1736: 1734: 1733:cryovolcanism 1730: 1726: 1721:30–40 km 1717: 1715: 1707: 1703: 1702: 1696: 1687: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1671: 1666: 1662: 1657: 1655: 1654: 1647: 1645: 1639: 1637: 1627: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1595: 1590: 1586: 1579: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1561:Kraken Catena 1558: 1551: 1546: 1545: 1544: 1542: 1537: 1533: 1531: 1527: 1524: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1497: 1495: 1491: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1466: 1459: 1449: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1421: 1414:Cryovolcanism 1411: 1409: 1405: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1379:map of Triton 1378: 1373: 1368: 1358: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1339: 1338: 1333: 1329: 1324: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1313:magnetosphere 1302: 1298: 1294: 1286: 1281: 1277: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1254: 1249: 1245: 1235: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1181: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1124: 1119: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1106: 1105:dwarf planets 1102: 1091: 1088:) and Earth ( 1087: 1083: 1076: 1062: 1048: 1044: 1042: 1036: 1033: 1032:tidal heating 1028: 1026: 1025:gravitational 1022: 1018: 1017:giant planets 1014: 1010: 1005: 1001: 997: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 963: 958: 949: 947: 943: 939: 935: 931: 927: 923: 919: 918:circularizing 915: 911: 906: 904: 903:orbital plane 899: 894: 891: 886: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 856: 852: 848: 843: 834: 832: 828: 827:John Herschel 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 795: 793: 789: 785: 780: 779:John Herschel 776: 772: 763: 754: 752: 748: 744: 743:New Frontiers 740: 739: 734: 730: 726: 723: 722: 717: 713: 709: 704: 702: 698: 694: 690: 686: 682: 678: 673: 671: 670:tidal heating 663: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 635: 631: 630:dwarf planets 627: 623: 618: 616: 612: 608: 604: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 581: 577: 573: 564: 560: 556: 553: 551: 547: 527: 524: 518: 513: 509: 506: 505: 498: 494: 491: 486: 482: 480: 476: 472: 470: 466: 462: 459: 454: 450: 447: 442: 439: 436: 433: 428: 422: 419: 414: 409: 408: 400: 395: 392: 387: 381: 378: 372: 352: 350: 346: 340: 338: 334: 328: 325: 320: 310:(0.2122 302: 299: 294: 289: 286: 283: 281: 277: 269: 265: 263: 259: 255: 252: 251:orbital speed 246: 242: 234: 231: 226: 220: 218: 214: 208: 205: 200: 197: 193: 187: 148: 146: 142: 139: 136: 133: 127: 122: 96: 94:Pronunciation 92: 88: 82: 77: 73: 69: 66: 63: 61: 57: 52: 47: 43: 37: 32: 26: 22: 9321:Solar System 8260: 8246: 8232: 8213: 8199: 8180: 8156: 8142: 8123: 8085: 8020:Trojan moons 8010:Subsatellite 7858: 7824: 7549:Petit-Prince 7444:Minor-planet 7393:Dwarf planet 7318:Solar System 7216: 7204: 7198:Not selected 7186: 7179: 7162: 7147:(1989 flyby) 7141: 7029:385695 Clete 6898: 6897: 6620: 6619: 6496:In mythology 6468: 6461: 6443: 6436: 6399: 6145: 6091: 6078: 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Retrieved 6023: 6014: 6001: 5989:. Retrieved 5982:the original 5968: 5956:. Retrieved 5950: 5940: 5930:February 11, 5928:. Retrieved 5917: 5905:. Retrieved 5899: 5889: 5877:. Retrieved 5870:the original 5857: 5815: 5811: 5805: 5780: 5776: 5770: 5745: 5741: 5735: 5694: 5690: 5684: 5643: 5637: 5597: 5591: 5585: 5568: 5564: 5541:. Retrieved 5536: 5532: 5519: 5507:. Retrieved 5479: 5473: 5440: 5436: 5394: 5390: 5383: 5371:. Retrieved 5352: 5309: 5305: 5273: 5268: 5235: 5231: 5221: 5180: 5174: 5157: 5139: 5115:(17): 3476. 5112: 5108: 5098: 5065: 5061: 5055: 5042: 5035: 5023:. Retrieved 5019: 5009: 4984: 4980: 4934: 4930: 4900: 4894: 4851: 4845: 4835: 4818: 4814: 4808: 4798:December 31, 4796:. Retrieved 4778: 4768:December 31, 4766:. Retrieved 4757: 4732:. Retrieved 4712: 4706: 4696: 4655: 4651: 4597: 4593: 4587: 4546: 4542: 4514: 4505: 4464: 4460: 4414: 4410: 4404: 4392:. Retrieved 4388: 4378: 4345: 4342:Astrobiology 4341: 4335: 4302: 4298: 4273: 4233: 4227: 4217: 4206:the original 4177: 4171: 4158: 4117: 4113: 4107: 4095:. Retrieved 4091:the original 4081: 4067: 4053: 4041:. Retrieved 4037:the original 4032: 4022: 4010:. Retrieved 4003:the original 3982: 3978: 3965: 3953:. Retrieved 3907: 3903: 3894: 3839: 3835: 3821: 3809:. Retrieved 3800: 3790: 3739: 3735: 3725: 3698: 3694: 3684: 3672:. Retrieved 3667: 3612: 3608: 3578: 3572: 3569:Chyba, C. F. 3541: 3516: 3503: 3491:. Retrieved 3487:the original 3482: 3473: 3441: 3431: 3419:. Retrieved 3409: 3399: 3389:November 28, 3387:. Retrieved 3383: 3341:(42): 1–17. 3338: 3334: 3298: 3294: 3264: 3260: 3230: 3226: 3213: 3186: 3180: 3155:. Retrieved 3150: 3126:. Retrieved 3122: 3113: 3101:. Retrieved 3094:the original 3057: 3053: 3021:. Retrieved 3017: 3007: 2964: 2960: 2914: 2910: 2872: 2868: 2855: 2843:. Retrieved 2839:the original 2828: 2816:. Retrieved 2812:the original 2802: 2783: 2718:. 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Retrieved 2543:the original 2520: 2515: 2388: 2371: 2346: 2337: 2328: 2282: 2278: 2271: 2266: 2219: 2215: 2208: 2203: 2155: 2151: 2146: 2105: 2100: 2091: 2070:Triton's sky 2061: 1920: 1916: 1898: 1888: 1877: 1867: 1862: 1855: 1850: 1843: 1830: 1824: 1817: 1814: 1809: 1784: 1781: 1773:surface area 1760: 1754: 1749:cryovolcanic 1724: 1718: 1711: 1699: 1668: 1658: 1651: 1648: 1640: 1635: 1632: 1540: 1538: 1534: 1512: 1498: 1490:water sprite 1463: 1461: 1426:cryovolcanic 1423: 1388: 1384: 1382: 1354: 1351:Solar System 1335: 1325: 1317:hydrocarbons 1301:thermosphere 1297:stratosphere 1290: 1284: 1259: 1182: 1120: 1098: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1045: 1037: 1029: 1006: 1002: 998: 970:solar nebula 967: 914:Viscoelastic 910:eccentricity 907: 895: 887: 860: 814: 796: 768: 750: 746: 737: 719: 705: 685:cryovolcanic 674: 619: 603:dwarf planet 599:Solar System 589:and hosts a 571: 570: 503: 406: 404:0.0794 324:Surface area 217:Eccentricity 137: 79:Designations 41: 25: 21:Titan (moon) 9309:Outer space 9297:Spaceflight 7985:Inner moons 7691:Skamandrios 7127:Exploration 7001:Kuiper belt 6413:Planned and 6381:Exploration 6363:Kuiper belt 6267:Slidr Sulci 6226:Kibu Patera 6198:Monad Regio 6086:(including 6084:Triton page 6075:Triton page 6037:January 11, 5879:October 10, 5543:January 25, 4937:: 836–842. 4511:Miller, Ron 4043:February 4, 3955:December 9, 3828:Robin Canup 3493:January 13, 3157:January 25, 3128:January 16, 3023:October 21, 2720:October 26, 2627:October 26, 2583:November 5, 2549:January 18, 2354:: Saturn's 1858:occultation 1825:Before the 1609:Kraken Mare 1501:translucent 1420:Cryovolcano 1347:Bond albedo 1293:troposphere 1180:radiation. 1178:ultraviolet 1158:lithosphere 1092:), to scale 974:Kuiper belt 962:Kuiper belt 938:Roche limit 851:tilted −23° 714:. The 1989 632:. The mean 607:Kuiper belt 479:Temperature 438:synchronous 397:0.779 308:0.9 km 298:Mean radius 262:Inclination 149:Tritonian ( 130:Named after 85:Designation 9331:Categories 8690:Other KBOs 8308:Interamnia 8169:Atmosphere 8136:Atmosphere 8103:Mesoplanet 7749:Sila–Nunam 7615:Cleoselene 7610:Alexhelios 7588:Gorgoneion 7526:Euphrosyne 7453:Near-Earth 7395:satellites 7328:satellites 6940:S/2021 N 1 6920:S/2002 N 5 6701:S/2021 N 1 6679:Retrograde 6665:S/2002 N 5 6627:atmosphere 6491:In fiction 6304:Polar caps 6262:Set Catena 6157:Atmosphere 6097:Triton map 5571:: 165–66. 5509:October 9, 5373:August 29, 5319:2112.04627 5312:: 114835. 4944:1904.08073 4758:Hubblesite 4734:October 8, 4097:January 7, 3849:1711.01581 3842:(5): 208. 3233:(9): 157. 3103:August 28, 2924:2402.02476 2508:References 1714:cantaloupe 1676:Yasu Sulci 1599:Two large 1565:Set Catena 1479:Hili plume 1238:Atmosphere 1144:and 0.05% 1086:upper left 1082:lower left 784:have rings 725:spacecraft 515:Atmosphere 458:Axial tilt 362:10 kg 241:retrograde 145:Adjectives 9273:Astronomy 8837:Dziewanna 8504:Cubewanos 8287:Candidate 8117:Consensus 7914:Enceladus 7788:Gǃòʼé ǃHú 7699:Eurybates 7677:Menoetius 7671:Patroclus 7660:Dinkinesh 7605:Kleopatra 7508:Main belt 7468:Dimorphos 7326:Planetary 7244:Mythology 7156:Proposals 7143:Voyager 2 6957:Discovery 6949:Astronomy 6925:Laomedeia 6888:Hippocamp 6816:Geography 6670:Laomedeia 6605:Irregular 6590:Hippocamp 6455:Cancelled 6401:Voyager 2 6339:Discovery 6331:Astronomy 6176:Geography 5991:April 18, 5958:March 20, 5907:March 20, 5344:0019-1035 5090:125508759 5068:: 19–25. 4963:118682572 4886:204990689 4389:Space.com 3782:119486610 3774:0004-6256 3647:189794324 3421:April 10, 3363:116314854 2974:1003.2866 2496:10. 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