514:
530:
618:
561:
68:
245:
38:
53:
513:
529:
841:
Doerfer II.969, Gerard
Clauson, An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth Century Turkish sf. 464 Çinceden alıntı olarak değerlendirirler ise de, Çince sözcüğün Türkçe veya Moğolcadan alıntı olması kültür tarihi açısından daha güçlü
953:
593:, 'Nine Base White Banners)', is composed of nine flag poles decorated with white horse tail hairs hanging from a round surface with the Mongolian symbol of the 3 pronged flame, which appears on the
1080:
571:
The Nine White banners came into renewed significance in
Mongolia after democracy was adopted in the early 1990s as a symbol of the traditional Mongolian state, replacing the previous
491:
It was also used by
Mongolic tribes too. The white-haired banner is used as a peacetime symbol, while the black banner was for wartime. Usage of the horse tail is symbolic because
601:
in front of their yurt. The central banner is larger in size than the rest and is placed in the center of the other eight. The modern
Mongolian nine white banners are kept in the
499:. The original white banner disappeared early in history, but the black one survived as the repository of Genghis Khan's soul. The Mongols continued to honor the banner, and
503:(1635–1723) built a monastery with the special mission of flying and protecting the black banner in the 17th century. Around 1937, the black banner disappeared amidst the
1107:
1409:
1337:
1404:
2280:
1743:
1102:
1035:
Handbuch der
Waffenkunde: Das Waffenwesen in seiner historischen Entwickelung vom Beginn des Mittelalters bis zum Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts.
1002:
653:
was used in wartime. It is made of black horse tail hairs and flown in the same fashion. According to the illustrated
Japanese chronicle
1887:
327:
1655:
1647:
705:
449:
displayed a tuğ decorated with a wolf's head at their camp's gate in order not to forget their origin from a she-wolf ancestress. A
167:) is a pole with circularly arranged horse or yak tail hairs of varying colors arranged at the top. It was historically flown by
1134:
684:
597:(Representing the past, present, and future), on the top. The Nine White Banners was a peacetime emblem used exclusively by the
1895:
2343:
1951:
820:
1068:
773:
1978:
1927:
1903:
1702:
1668:
1352:
1686:
1639:
1720:
1935:
1863:
1847:
806:
504:
284:
60:
539:, early 14th-century miniature from a ms. of Rashid al-Din's "History of the World" (Edinburgh University Library)
1919:
1879:
1943:
1871:
1777:
1613:
1047:
803:
Baxter-Sagart Old
Chinese reconstruction, version 1.1 (20 September 2014): order: by Mandarin and Middle Chinese
350:
1994:
1839:
1751:
1676:
1347:
664:
266:
2363:
2324:
2050:
2021:
1911:
1394:
1367:
1362:
262:
2348:
1831:
1629:
1372:
1357:
602:
565:
550:
519:
Genghis Khan proclaimed Khagan of all
Mongols. White banners can be seen on the right. 15th-century ms. of
617:
2002:
1970:
1821:
1769:
1621:
1127:
688:
453:
402:
1855:
1813:
1796:
1730:
1710:
1694:
1456:
710:
660:
492:
310:, for traditional Turkic standards made from horse-tails or bunches of horse-hair, was borrowed from
31:
858:
2358:
1055:, Hagop Kevorkian Series on Near Eastern Art & Civilization, New York University Press (1992).
655:
560:
450:
107:
1761:
386:
382:
255:
2353:
1399:
1120:
1010:
908:
676:
520:
2142:
2086:
1419:
2042:
2034:
1514:
1044:
A history of India under the two first sovereigns of the house of Taimur, Báber and Humáyun
598:
370:
335:
17:
42:
8:
2290:
1244:
575:
535:
The
Mongols besieging a city in the Middle East. The black banner can be seen behind the
131:
1038:
1166:
366:
228:
206:
152:
94:
86:
2112:
1444:
1384:
1479:
1108:
Photo reportage, a tribute ceremony to the Great Black
Banners, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
609:. On National Pride Day, a traditional ceremony for the Nine White Banners is held.
431:
385:
thought that the loan direction had been apparently from Chinese into Turkic, as 纛 (
346:
67:
2026:
1986:
1439:
1030:
990:
700:
362:
339:
99:
507:
of the nationalists, monks and intellectuals, and the destruction of monasteries.
2120:
1095:Довідник з історії України. За ред. І. Підкови та Р. Шуста. — Київ: Генеза, 1993.
828:
761:Довідник з історії України. За ред. І. Підкови та Р. Шуста. — Київ: Генеза, 1993.
214:
56:
1389:
594:
311:
303:
184:
160:
72:
2133:
2107:
464:(𐱃𐰆𐰍𐰞𐰍), which was "mentioned in the Chinese annals under various names:
2337:
2194:
2125:
1432:
1250:
1143:
789:
446:
176:
168:
2189:
887:
2094:
1534:
1451:
1427:
1276:
1199:
1179:
180:
1539:
2260:
2209:
2169:
2138:
1239:
967:
606:
496:
441:, centuries before the first appearance of the allegedly Turkic-speaking
319:
188:
125:
114:
46:
927:
Ethnonyms and Toponyms of the Old Turkic Inscriptions in Chinese sources
746:
Ethnonyms and Toponyms of the Old Turkic Inscriptions in Chinese sources
2305:
2214:
1564:
1549:
1286:
1092:
758:
353:, it is more likely in terms of cultural history that the Chinese word
269: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
373:(1955) (apud Maenchen-Helfen, 1973) was inclined to derive Chinese 纛 *
2174:
2164:
1529:
1509:
1504:
1463:
572:
536:
500:
437:
196:
244:
2300:
1519:
1379:
1261:
192:
2270:
2265:
2255:
2240:
1544:
1499:
1494:
1281:
1271:
1209:
883:
691:
and is the finial in the colours of the civil security services.
523:'s "History of the World" (BNF Supplément persan 1113, fol. 44v)
442:
120:
1112:
1103:"Wind", First Year Course on Genghis Khan (macalester.edu 2004)
1071:Бунчук // Энциклопедический словарь Ф.А. Брокгауза и И.А. Ефрона
792:– 上古音系第二千四百八十九字 . ytenx.org (in Chinese). Rearranged by BYVoid.
776:Бунчук // Энциклопедический словарь Ф.А. Брокгауза и И.А. Ефрона
191:. In the 17th century, it was also adopted by Slavic cavalry (
2250:
2224:
2219:
1554:
1524:
1484:
1234:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1174:
904:
680:
223:
663:
was black. The modern Mongolian black banners are kept in the
2295:
2275:
2204:
2184:
2179:
2159:
2099:
1266:
1256:
1204:
457:
172:
37:
1680:(1205 / 1207 / 1209–10 / 1225–27)
2245:
2199:
1559:
1489:
855:
The World of the Huns: Studies in Their History and Culture
52:
2285:
495:. This is similar to the use of horse tail hairs for the
429:< "pennon" (GS 1080f), which had been attested in the
30:
For the administrative sudivision known as a banner, see
142:
588:
1046:. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1854. Pg 265.
968:"Symbol of Peace and Eternity, the Nine White Banners"
871:
An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-13th Century Turkish
221:) which is the reflection of the original Turkic word
1410:
List of battles of the Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'
991:Монгол Улсын бүх цэргийн хар сүлдний товч танилцуулга
788:
Zheng Zhang (Chinese: 鄭張), Shang-fang (Chinese: 尚芳).
929:. Studia et Documenta Turcologica. pp. 302–304.
748:. Studia et Documenta Turcologica. pp. 302–304.
1405:Lists of battles of the Mongol invasion of Europe
670:
488:", means "have flags (banners), have standards".
2335:
801:Baxter, William H. & Sagart, Laurent (2014)
1825:(1220–22 / 1226–31 / 1237–64)
1093:
759:
632:
626:
582:
687:flagpoles, while the white tug is used by the
493:horses were central to the Mongols' livelihood
460:, was possibly named after tuğ, if Old Turkic
1128:
1081:
1069:
774:
445:. Chinese observers stated that the medieval
1308:
825:Wayback Machine: “tuğ - Nişanyan Dictionary”
351:the first etymological dictionary of Turkish
661:the Mongolian Yuan fleet that invaded Japan
638:
581:The state banner flown by the Mongols, the
1135:
1121:
706:Historical colours, standards and guidons
621:Black Banner inside the Government Palace
555:
285:Learn how and when to remove this message
924:
743:
616:
559:
318:纛 "banner, standard" (whose ancestor is
227:. It is still used by some units of the
66:
51:
36:
14:
2336:
1755:(1277 / 1283 / 1287)
1714:(1236 / 1240 / 1252)
847:
401:, "staff with feathers" (GS 1090z) 斿 (
345:). In contrast, according to linguist
187:, a state which was founded by Turkic
2074:
1585:
1307:
1154:
1116:
1083:Монгол Улсын Төрийн Туг // MongolWiki
421:"pendants of a banner" (GS 1080a) 游
93:
1586:
1338:Administrative divisions and vassals
1053:Ottoman Art in the Service of Empire
818:
267:adding citations to reliable sources
238:
135:
121:
111:
1605:
24:
857:. University of California Press.
183:khanates. It was also used by the
175:and also during the period of the
25:
2375:
1142:
1059:
873:. Oxford University Press. p. 464
853:Maenchen-Helfen, Otto J. (1973).
827:. Nişanyan Sözlük. Archived from
61:Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria
954:"Buddhist and Mongolian Symbols"
612:
528:
512:
297:
243:
1155:
995:
984:
960:
946:
933:
918:
897:
876:
679:, the black tug is used as the
254:needs additional citations for
863:
812:
795:
782:
767:
752:
737:
728:
671:Tugs in the Mongolian military
583:
564:Nine White Banners inside the
156:
13:
1:
2325:Timeline of the Mongol Empire
2022:Division of the Mongol Empire
721:
544:
2344:National symbols of Mongolia
894:。侍衞之士，謂之附離，夏言亦狼也。蓋本狼生，志不忘舊。"
734:Boeheim (1890), pp. 510, 511
551:Mongolian Revolution of 1990
179:, and later used in derived
143:
126:
115:
7:
1272:Manghit / Mangudai
821:"tuğ - Nişanyan Dictionary"
694:
689:Mongolian State Honor Guard
589:
10:
2380:
2075:
2051:Esen Buqa–Ayurbarwada war
548:
234:
29:
2322:
2233:
2152:
2085:
2081:
2070:
2014:
1963:
1866:(1223 / 1236–40)
1812:
1789:
1772:(1257 / 1284–88)
1742:
1667:
1612:
1601:
1581:
1472:
1418:
1395:Byzantine–Mongol Alliance
1330:
1326:
1303:
1218:
1165:
1161:
1150:
1094:
1082:
1070:
775:
760:
711:Banners of Inner Mongolia
633:
210:
164:
90:
32:Banners of Inner Mongolia
1037:E. A. Seemann, Leipzig.
869:Clauson, Gerard (1972).
716:
590:(Yesön Khölt tsagaan tug
389:1016) was the same as 翿
1348:Invasions and conquests
1267:Paiza / Gerege
648:Four Base Black Banners
628:Dörvön khölt khar sulde
383:Otto J. Maenchen-Helfen
27:Ensign with horse tails
2005:(1260 / 1301)
1733:(1274 / 1281)
1400:Franco-Mongol alliance
925:Kenzheakhmet, Nurlan.
744:Kenzheakhmet, Nurlan.
677:Mongolian Armed Forces
627:
622:
568:
556:The Nine White banners
218:
103:
76:
64:
49:
620:
563:
70:
55:
40:
2364:Military of Mongolia
1896:Serbia and Bulgaria
972:MONTSAME News Agency
634:Дөрвөн хөлт хар сүлд
584:Есөн хөлт цагаан туг
454:tribal confederation
371:Annemarie von Gabain
263:improve this article
173:Tuğluğ Confederation
2349:Culture of Mongolia
2143:Khagans of the Yuan
1872:Poland and Bohemia
1648:Khwarazmian Empire
1373:Society and economy
1051:Zdzislaw Zygulski,
665:Ministry of Defense
656:Mōko Shūrai Ekotoba
1888:Holy Roman Empire
1343:Banner/Bunchuk/Tug
1101:Jack Weatherford,
623:
569:
306:, the Turkic word
199:), under the name
77:
65:
59:tughs captured by
50:
41:A banner flown in
2331:
2330:
2318:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2066:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2043:Kaidu–Kublai war
2035:Berke–Hulagu war
2027:Toluid Civil War
1808:
1807:
1577:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1380:House of Borjigin
1299:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1042:William Erskine.
1031:Boeheim, Wendelin
1003:"WWW.MEDEELEL.MN"
939:Jack Weatherford
819:Nişanyan, Sevan.
685:military colours'
603:Government Palace
566:Government Palace
432:Classic of Poetry
361:is borrowed from
334:and one of whose
295:
294:
287:
141:
57:Ottoman Hungarian
43:Sükhbaatar Square
16:(Redirected from
2371:
2129:
2116:
2113:Töregene Khatun
2103:
2083:
2082:
2072:
2071:
2054:
2046:
2038:
2030:
2006:
1998:
1990:
1982:
1974:
1955:
1947:
1939:
1931:
1923:
1915:
1907:
1899:
1891:
1883:
1875:
1867:
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1765:
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1716:
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1659:
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1643:
1633:
1625:
1610:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1583:
1582:
1545:Shangdu (Xanadu)
1535:Sarai Batu/Berke
1440:Chagatai Khanate
1328:
1327:
1305:
1304:
1163:
1162:
1152:
1151:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1114:
1113:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1067:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1009:. Archived from
999:
993:
988:
982:
981:
979:
978:
964:
958:
957:
950:
944:
937:
931:
930:
922:
916:
901:
895:
880:
874:
867:
861:
851:
845:
844:
838:
836:
816:
810:
799:
793:
786:
780:
778:
777:
771:
765:
763:
762:
756:
750:
749:
741:
735:
732:
701:Flag of Mongolia
659:, the banner of
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
636:
635:
630:
592:
586:
585:
532:
516:
349:, the author of
340:standard Chinese
336:many descendants
290:
283:
279:
276:
270:
247:
239:
212:
166:
158:
146:
140:romanized:
139:
137:
129:
124:
123:
118:
113:
97:
92:
21:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2368:
2359:Crimean Khanate
2334:
2333:
2332:
2327:
2310:
2229:
2148:
2127:
2114:
2101:
2077:
2058:
2052:
2044:
2036:
2028:
2010:
2004:
1996:
1988:
1980:
1972:
1959:
1953:
1945:
1937:
1929:
1921:
1913:
1905:
1897:
1889:
1881:
1873:
1865:
1857:
1849:
1848:Volga Bulgaria
1841:
1833:
1824:
1822:
1804:
1798:
1785:
1779:
1771:
1763:
1754:
1752:
1738:
1732:
1722:
1713:
1711:
1704:
1703:Southern China
1696:
1688:
1687:Northern China
1679:
1677:
1663:
1657:
1649:
1641:
1631:
1623:
1597:
1596:
1569:
1468:
1445:House of Ögedei
1414:
1385:House of Ögedei
1353:Destructiveness
1322:
1321:
1291:
1228:
1214:
1157:
1146:
1141:
1089:
1077:
1065:
1062:
1027:
1026:
1016:
1014:
1001:
1000:
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989:
985:
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738:
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729:
724:
719:
697:
673:
650:
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641:
615:
558:
553:
547:
540:
533:
524:
517:
300:
291:
280:
274:
271:
260:
248:
237:
229:Polish military
108:Ottoman Turkish
71:A 19th century
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2377:
2367:
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2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2156:
2154:
2150:
2149:
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2146:
2136:
2131:
2126:Oghul Qaimish
2123:
2118:
2110:
2105:
2097:
2091:
2089:
2079:
2078:
2068:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2048:
2040:
2032:
2024:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2000:
1992:
1984:
1976:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1949:
1941:
1933:
1925:
1917:
1909:
1901:
1893:
1885:
1877:
1869:
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1853:
1845:
1837:
1829:
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1727:
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1718:
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1692:
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1618:
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1447:
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1435:
1424:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1390:Mongol Armenia
1387:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1334:
1332:
1324:
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1316:
1313:
1309:
1301:
1300:
1297:
1296:
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1279:
1274:
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1254:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1202:
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1864:Kievan Rus'
1842:(1237–1300s)
1834:(1237–1300s)
1678:Western Xia
1640:Qara Khitai
1473:Major cities
1452:Golden Horde
1428:Yuan dynasty
1342:
1315:Organization
1249:
1200:Khong Tayiji
1066:(in Russian)
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1034:
1015:. Retrieved
1011:the original
1006:
997:
986:
975:. Retrieved
971:
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941:Genghis Khan
940:
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920:
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911:quote: "故牙門建
903:
899:
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842:olasılıktır.
840:
833:. Retrieved
829:the original
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261:Please help
256:verification
253:
222:
201:
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189:Oghuz tribes
181:Turco-Mongol
148:
81:
80:
78:
2170:Sartaq Khan
2139:Kublai Khan
2134:Möngke Khan
2108:Ögedei Khan
2087:Great Khans
2053:(1314–1318)
2045:(1268–1301)
1997:(1260–1323)
1981:(1253–1256)
1964:Middle East
1858:(1238–1239)
1799:(1221–1327)
1658:(1219–1256)
1650:(1219–1221)
1632:(1264–1308)
1624:(1207-1308)
1490:Azov (Azaq)
1156:Terminology
1007:medeelel.mn
675:Within the
607:Ulaanbaatar
497:morin khuur
381:; however,
320:Old Chinese
47:Ulaanbaatar
2338:Categories
2306:Nogai Khan
2190:Özbeg Khan
2121:Güyük Khan
2015:Civil wars
2003:Palestine
1912:Lithuania
1832:Circassia
1565:Xacitarxan
1550:Soltaniyeh
1287:Darughachi
1017:14 January
977:2021-06-27
890:. quote: "
722:References
545:Modern era
132:Old Turkic
2175:Orda Khan
2165:Batu Khan
2029:(1260–64)
1973:(1241–43)
1971:Anatolia
1946:(1287–88)
1938:(1285–86)
1930:(1264–65)
1922:(1259–60)
1914:(1258–59)
1890:(1241–42)
1882:(1241–42)
1874:(1240–41)
1850:(1229–36)
1840:Chechnya
1780:(1300–02)
1744:Southeast
1723:(1253–56)
1705:(1235–79)
1697:(1231–60)
1689:(1211–34)
1642:(1216–18)
1630:Sakhalin
1590:Campaigns
1540:Saray-Jük
1530:Samarkand
1505:Karakorum
1464:Ilkhanate
1222:Political
892:旗纛之上，施金狼頭
637:) or the
576:red flags
573:communist
537:trebuchet
501:Zanabazar
484:咄禄 MChnL
476:都陸 MChnL
470:tuet-lǐuk
438:Zuo Zhuan
207:Ukrainian
197:haidamaka
153:Mongolian
87:Mongolian
2301:Boroldai
2281:Khubilai
2261:Bo'orchu
2234:Military
2128:(regent)
2115:(regent)
2102:(regent)
1987:Baghdad
1936:Hungary
1880:Hungary
1823:Georgia
1770:Vietnam
1622:Siberia
1520:Maragheh
1420:Khanates
1368:Religion
1363:Military
1312:Politics
1262:Kurultai
1225:Military
1033:(1890).
915:，示不忘本也。"
695:See also
486:tuet-luk
478:tuǝ-liwk
447:Göktürks
367:Mongolic
193:cossacks
171:such as
2271:Boroqul
2266:Guo Kan
2256:Negudar
2241:Subutai
2141: (
1979:Alamut
1952:Serbia
1944:Poland
1928:Thrace
1920:Poland
1856:Alania
1721:Yunnan
1656:Persia
1614:Central
1593:Battles
1500:Bolghar
1495:Bukhara
1480:Almalik
1282:Kheshig
1210:Tarkhan
943:, p.XVI
909:vol. 84
888:vol. 50
884:Zhoushu
835:4 March
642:
595:Soyombo
443:Xiongnu
403:variant
235:History
219:buńczuk
202:bunchuk
161:Tibetan
100:Turkish
73:Ottoman
63:in 1556
2251:Muqali
2225:Ghazan
2220:Arghun
2210:Hulegu
2100:Tolui
2076:People
2037:(1262)
1995:Syria
1989:(1258)
1954:(1291)
1906:(1242)
1898:(1242)
1814:Europe
1797:India
1778:Burma
1764:(1293)
1753:Burma
1731:Japan
1712:Tibet
1695:Korea
1555:Tabriz
1525:Qarshi
1485:Avarga
1331:Topics
1235:Jarlig
1195:Jinong
1190:Khanum
1185:Khatun
1175:Khagan
1167:Titles
905:Suishu
859:p. 411
681:finial
468:MChnL
462:Tuğluğ
456:, the
405:of 旒)
363:Turkic
224:boncuk
215:Polish
211:бунчук
136:𐱃𐰆𐰍
2296:Kadan
2291:Bayan
2276:Jelme
2215:Abaqa
2205:Kebek
2185:Toqta
2180:Berke
2160:Jochi
2153:Khans
1790:South
1762:Java
1515:Majar
1457:Wings
1277:Tümen
1257:Yassa
1240:Örtöö
1205:Noyan
717:Notes
599:Khans
482:Duolu
466:Duolu
458:Duolu
417:<
413:<
397:<
393:<
149:sulde
147:) or
2246:Jebe
2200:Duwa
1669:East
1606:Asia
1560:Ukek
1510:Dadu
1318:Life
1245:Orda
1180:Khan
1019:2022
837:2023
639:lit.
625:The
474:Dulu
435:and
419:diôg
399:d'ôg
395:d'âu
375:duok
332:dˤuk
330:) ~
324:du:g
308:tu:ğ
165:བ་དན
157:сүлд
75:tugh
18:Tugh
2286:Aju
913:狼頭纛
807:pdf
683:in
605:in
427:yóu
423:liú
415:iâu
411:yóu
407:liú
391:dào
379:tuɣ
365:or
357:or
338:is
316:dok
265:by
144:tuğ
127:tuġ
122:توغ
119:or
116:ṭuġ
112:طوغ
104:tuğ
91:туг
82:tug
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587:,
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472:,
425:~
409:~
387:GS
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359:dú
355:tu
343:dú
328:ZS
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