263:. The models were sufficiently detailed that "any competent carpenter" could replicate the model in full-size. The program was designed to aid small districts that could not afford to pay architects to develop plans for schools with modern standards of "health and efficiency". In 1914, at the program's initiation, it was estimated that there had been 212,000 rural schools built in the United States, most of which had been planned without "any regard to light, ventilation, or sanitation".
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small rural school. Enrollment climbed again in the 1980s as parents sought to avoid problems with peer pressure and drugs in bigger schools. Enrollment climbed to 47 in 2014. After receiving funding in 2019 from a state grant for improving small schools, the school added a third classroom and performed other repairs and modernization of the school.
118:
classroom allowed for two teachers to operate at the school, serving a larger number of schoolchildren and/or more grade levels. Architecturally, they could be slightly more complex, but were still usually very simple. In some areas, a two-room school indicated the village or town was more prosperous.
247:
To facilitate expansion of schools associated with the growth of a community, plans were also developed to enlarge a school not only from one to two rooms, but also from two to four classrooms, three to six, or four to six or eight. These plans were designed to expand an architecturally simple small
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through second grade in one classroom and those in third through sixth grade in the other. According to the district superintendent, who had attended the school herself, enrollment fell in the late 1960s to as low as four as parents felt their children would be socially disadvantaged by attending a
338:
is a two-room schoolhouse constructed with a single room in 1919 and expanded to two rooms in the 1990s. In 2019, it employed two teachers, two aides and a part-time principal to teach 19 students from kindergarten through Grade 4. In
September of the same year, it celebrated one hundred years of
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design for rural schools gives special attention to minimizing heating duct length to a basement furnace with a compact design with the classroom, library, vestibule, and coatroom clustered together. This one-room school can be expanded to two rooms by mirroring the entire building. The two room
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presented a similar design in 1913 for a 23 ft × 30 ft (7.0 m × 9.1 m) one-room school house and a 46 ft × 30 ft (14.0 m × 9.1 m) two-room school, again with a movable wall between the two classrooms. These dimensions do not include the
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suggests a school room be no bigger than 24 by 30 feet (7.3 m × 9.1 m) which would seat up to 40 students, as "a teacher having charge of more than this number cannot do satisfactory work - especially in a rural school". The width was also the limit of acceptable daylighting from
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building, a small multi-room school house is more similar to a one-room schoolhouse, both being architecturally very simple structures. While once very common in rural areas of many countries, one and two-room schools have largely been replaced although some are still operating. Having a second
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issued a guide in 1914 with a floorplan of a similar two-room school with the same layout of a front entrance into a vestibule, two coatrooms off the vestibule, and a large room divided by a moveable wall into two 26 ft × 32 ft (7.9 m × 9.8 m) classrooms.
183:. One plan also featured two similarly sized classrooms, vestibule, coat rooms and the added amenities of an enclosed porch and a 88 sq ft (8.2 m) library in the front and a wood shed attached to the back with a wood-fired heater for each classroom.
193:, would receive one-half of the construction cost from the state and county. South Carolina recommended one-room schools only if "after careful consideration, and after all efforts to maintain a two-room, two-teacher school have failed.
295:
students. The image of two-room school is used as the logo for the
Learning Center because it is an "important symbol of aspirational leadership in education" and the school provides "a sense of turning back to the successful basics."
153:
between the entrance and the classrooms to separate the outdoor climate from the classrooms. Coatrooms off the vestibule allowed a place for wet clothes to dry while keeping their "disagreeable offensive odors" out of the classrooms.
503:, built in 1911 as a one-room school house and expanded with the addition of a second high-school classroom in 1927. The building has been restored and is used as a museum of history of Camp Walton with an emphasis on education.
238:
shingles. The simple design includes two 31 ft × 38 ft (9.4 m × 11.6 m) classrooms separated by the vestibule and coat rooms. This design included a rear vestibule and exit for each classroom.
458:, built in 1903 as a one-room school and expanded to two rooms. It was used as a school until 1951. The school was restored in 2007 by the Cross County Historical Society and added to the NRHP the following year.
208:
two-room school plan separates the rooms with long hallway, with the vestibule, coatrooms, a library and teacher's office between the classrooms. A rear projection includes toilets and lab/shop spaces.
291:, opened in 1892 and served farm families until 1957. It reopened as a private school in 1996 and later became a library for the larger Eleanor Roosevelt Learning Center which supports hundreds of
496:, built in 1906 from masonry to replace the earlier school destroyed by fire. It was sold in 1976, listed on the NRHP in 1982, renovated in 1998 and used as the Peoria Historical Society Museum.
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327:, and after King Edward abdicated it was renamed York Mills School. A new wing was added in 1950, and the school continued to operate until 1982. The building was demolished in 2004.
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486:, built in 1867 and used as a school until 1932. After use by the city health department for forty years, it became an education museum and was listed on the NRHP in 1981.
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A 1916 bulletin issued by the Oregon school superintendent included plans for six different variations of a two-room school house prepared by the Oregon chapter of the
424:, where it was used as a school until 1953. It was later moved to Oregon and restored for use as a museum of US 1880s education. It was added to the NRHP in 2005.
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While many small schools were closed after consolidation into larger districts, some remained. A two-room school was operating in the farming community of
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school affords for indoor toilets as the "second" library space can be used for a girls' toilet room (a boys' toilet would go under the entrance stairs).
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magazine as an example of a "modern" school. To meet state building codes, the entire foundation and exterior walls are made of masonry, with a roof of
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303:. One room was a classroom, and the other was a science lab and Bogg's innovative use of science in teaching other subjects earned her the
434:, built in 1913 and used as a school until sometime "well past World War II." It was added to the NRHP in 1990 and serves as a museum.
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The rural school plant for rural teachers and school boards, normal schools, teachers' training classes, rural extension bureaus
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704:"A two-room schoolhouse. It almost folded once, but the community kept it going - and the children are benefited"
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One notable two-room teacher is Bonnie Boggs who taught for 14 years in the two-room elementary school in rural
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510:, was built in 1920 and used until 1961. It was converted to a private residence in 1965 and is listed on
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noted that school districts in the state that used a standard design from its bulletin, prepared by
323:, the Baron Renfrew School was a two-room school that opened in 1925. It was named in honor of the
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made scale models of one, two, and four room schoolhouses available to rural communities by
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in a small community or rural area. While providing the same function as a contemporary
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870:"This tiny two-room schoolhouse is still teaching young Quebecers after 100 years"
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In the United States, many two-room schoolhouses are preserved and listed on
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810:"News A Science Teaching System Honed in a Two-Room School By Carol Potera"
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Nicholas Murray Butler; Frank
Pierrepont Graves; William McAndrew (1907).
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school at minimal cost with near complete re-use of the prior building.
924:"NMCB-5 supports the National Institute of Health in Dili, Timor-Leste"
205:
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Presidential Award for
Excellence in Science and Mathematics in 1995.
757:"Damman School undergoing multiple projects with state grant funding"
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started a project to demolish and rebuild a two-room schoolhouse at
101:, with many of the same characteristics, providing the facility for
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1093:"National Register Information System – (#08100062)"
1069:"National Register Information System – (#04000494)"
1045:"National Register Information System – (#08001037)"
1021:"National Register Information System – (#85002153)"
997:"National Register Information System – (#90001742)"
973:"National Register Information System – (#05001369)"
949:"National Register Information System – (#03000355)"
896:"Centennial anniversary coming up for two-room Quebec schoolhouse"
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784:"Two-room Schoolhouse is Part of a Bigger Picture for Students"
591:"Property Record 1075 CTH E Architecture and History Inventory"
331:
444:, built in 1874 and used until 1963. It was later used as the
34:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
844:"The history of the Hoggs Hollow neighbourhood in Toronto"
472:. It was added to the NRHP in 2004 as the only surviving
315:
Canada has been home to a number of two-room schools. In
149:
windows on the opposite wall. The guide recommended a
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taught 27 children that year in two classes, those in
1142:"Programming at the Camp Walton Schoolhouse Museum"
730:"Two-room schoolhouse serves grades K-5 in Damman"
468:, built in 1926 with financial assistance of the
1164:
499:The Camp Walton Schoolhouse Museum, in downtown
354:. The project was finished on March 30, 2020.
32:The examples and perspective in this article
310:
448:and library and listed on the NRHP in 1985.
86:Models of small schools available from the
915:
200:A California plan with opposing classrooms
691:. Vol. 21, no. 1. January 1914.
228:, was cited in the October 1914 issue of
70:Learn how and when to remove this message
893:
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224:, designed by architect C. F. Bowdle of
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175:and the architecture departments of the
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868:Campbell, Emily (September 14, 2019).
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842:Romanska, Anastasiya (March 7, 2021).
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1002:National Register of Historic Places
978:National Register of Historic Places
954:National Register of Historic Places
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408:National Register of Historic Places
342:In December 2019, the United States
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808:Potera, Carol (September 8, 1995).
801:
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685:"Schoolhouse Models by Parcel Post"
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438:Mason District Number 5 Schoolhouse
350:'s National Institute of Health in
344:Naval Mobile Construction Battalion
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252:is one state that had such plans.
204:Instead of adjacent classrooms, a
144:A 1909 school planning guide from
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728:Takores, Lauren (June 12, 2014).
452:New Hope School (Wynne, Arkansas)
257:United States Bureau of Education
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168:shared vestibule and coat rooms.
88:United States Bureau of Education
647:"A Modern Two-Room Schoolhouset"
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173:American Institute of Architects
23:
894:Sargeant, Tim (June 19, 2019).
702:Steese, Ellen (June 29, 1978).
635:. The Bruce publishing company.
629:Samuel Andrew Challman (1917).
388:and other uses. These include:
357:
255:In the early 20th century, the
922:Hall, Sierra (April 2, 2020).
755:Holappa, Karl (May 11, 2020).
287:The two-room Venice School in
130:Two-room masonry school built
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822:10.1126/science.269.5229.1337
708:The Christian Science Monitor
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512:Wisconsin Historical Register
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330:In the Canadian province of
325:Edward, then-Prince of Wales
191:Clemson Agricultural College
7:
305:National Science Foundation
181:Oregon Agricultural College
97:is a larger version of the
46:, discuss the issue on the
16:Small rural school building
10:
1199:
501:Fort Walton Beach, Florida
462:Oak Grove Rosenwald School
334:, the Soulanges School in
220:A two-room schoolhouse in
311:Outside the United States
289:Tulare County, California
121:
1117:"Historic Places Peoria"
788:Merced County Events.com
763:. Ellensburg, Washington
736:. Ellensburg, Washington
442:Mason Township, Michigan
1121:City of Peoria, Arizona
466:Sevier County, Arkansas
339:continuous operation.
506:The Mifflin School in
373:
273:Ellensburg, Washington
201:
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90:
1173:Two-room schoolhouses
1103:National Park Service
1079:National Park Service
1055:National Park Service
1031:National Park Service
1007:National Park Service
983:National Park Service
959:National Park Service
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1183:History of education
595:wisconsinhistory.org
484:Sheboygan, Wisconsin
371:Sheboygan, Wisconsin
177:University of Oregon
99:one-room schoolhouse
95:two-room schoolhouse
52:create a new article
44:improve this article
1105:. November 2, 2013.
1081:. November 2, 2013.
1057:. November 2, 2013.
1033:. November 2, 2013.
1009:. November 2, 2013.
985:. November 2, 2013.
961:. November 2, 2013.
670:. Doubleday, Doran.
420:, built in 1883 in
397:Oak Brook, Illinois
107:secondary education
667:Educational Review
508:Mifflin, Wisconsin
432:Lacombe, Louisiana
378:heritage registers
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816:. No. 5229.
689:Popular Mechanics
480:Third Ward School
367:Third Ward School
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653:. October 1914.
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422:Chana, Illinois
410:(NRHP) in 2003.
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597:. January 2012
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1149:. Retrieved
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825:. Retrieved
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791:. Retrieved
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767:February 13,
765:. Retrieved
761:Daily Record
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740:February 13,
738:. Retrieved
734:Daily Record
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713:February 13,
711:. Retrieved
707:
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666:
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651:Building Age
650:
641:
631:
601:February 13,
599:. Retrieved
594:
532:Alabama plan
476:in Arkansas.
414:Chana School
375:
358:Preservation
341:
329:
317:Hoggs Hollow
314:
298:
286:
281:Kindergarten
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231:Building Age
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222:Osgood, Ohio
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139:Osgood, Ohio
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901:Global News
404: 1921
348:Timor-Leste
261:parcel post
226:Piqua, Ohio
135: 1914
1167:Categories
574:References
519:Floorplans
206:California
146:New Mexico
568:Minnesota
556:Minnesota
446:town hall
386:dwellings
214:Minnesota
151:vestibule
48:talk page
933:March 7,
879:March 7,
874:CTV News
853:March 7,
399:, built
236:asbestos
165:Oklahoma
42:You may
1146:fwb.org
814:Science
544:Georgia
454:, near
382:museums
321:Toronto
103:primary
848:blogTO
332:Quebec
122:Design
492:, in
482:, in
464:, in
440:, in
430:, in
416:, in
395:, in
369:, in
50:, or
1153:2021
1128:2021
935:2021
909:2021
881:2021
855:2021
829:2021
795:2021
769:2021
742:2021
715:2021
603:2021
352:Dili
179:and
105:and
818:doi
137:in
113:or
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