134:
109:
1029:
or, if the broadbill group is considered a separate suborder, as infraorders. In the former case, the name
Furnarioidea would be available for the tracheophones, whereas "Tyrannoidea", the "bronchophone" equivalent, has not yet been formally defined. In the latter case, the tracheophones would be
326:
The phylogenetic relationships of the 16 families in the
Tyranni suborder is shown below. The cladogram is based on a large molecular genetic study by Carl Oliveros and collaborators published in 2019: The families and the species numbers are from the list maintained by the
1033:
The tracheophones contain the
Furnariidae, Thamnophilidae, Formicariidae (probably including most tapaculos), and Conopophagidae. The tyrant-flycatcher clade includes the namesake family, the Tityridae, the Cotingidae, and the Pipridae.
1270:
See remark at "Tyrannoidea". This peculiarity is explained by the fact that Sibley & Ahlquist's analyses erroneously suggested an overly complex phylogeny for the tracheophones, and a much simpler one for the tyrant-flycatchers and
1092:
Selvatti, A. P.; Galvão, A.; Mayr, G.; Miyaki, C. Y.; Russo, C A. de Moraes (2022). "Southern hemisphere tectonics in the
Cenozoic shaped the pantropical distribution of parrots and passerines".
1318:
Irestedt, Martin; Fjeldså, Jon; Johansson, Ulf S. & Ericson, Per G.P. (2002): Systematic relationships and biogeography of the tracheophone suboscines (Aves: Passeriformes).
1021:
between the antbirds and allies (tracheophones), and the tyrant-flycatchers and allies. Given that the "parvorder" arrangement originally advanced is obsolete (see e.g. Irestedt
1025:
2002 for tracheophone phylogeny) — more so if the
Eurylaimides are elevated to a distinct suborder — it is better to rank the clades as
1504:
1341:"An African origin of the Eurylaimides (Passeriformes) and the successful diversification of the ground-foraging pittas (Pittidae)"
1030:
classified as "Furnariides", while the
Tyrannides would be restricted to the tyrant-flycatchers and other "bronchophone" families.
1466:
328:
1471:
902:
except the broad-billed sapayoa. The families listed here are those recognised by the
International Ornithologists' Union.
1121:"A new passeriform (Aves: Passeriformes) from the early Oligocene of Poland sheds light on the beginnings of Suboscines"
1445:
1458:
1427:
1244:
A conceivable vernacular name would be "bronchophones". This would parallel the German vernacular names,
1211:
316:
133:
1499:
116:
1013:
by Sibley & Ahlquist. However, DNA:DNA hybridization did not reliably resolve the suboscine
1380:
1219:
295:
The suboscines originated in South
America about 50 million years ago and dispersed into the
8:
1339:
Selvatti, A.P.; Galvão, A.; Pereira, A.G.; Pedreira
Gonzaga, L.; Russo, C.A.D.M. (2017).
1185:
1158:
1077:
1052:
128:
1331:
1418:
1362:
1307:
1287:
1190:
1494:
1352:
1327:
1299:
1215:
1180:
1170:
1132:
1101:
1072:
1064:
278:
1053:"A new time tree reveals Earth history's imprint on the evolution of modern birds"
966:
636:
320:
1288:"Phylogeny and classification of the New World suboscines (Aves, Passeriformes)"
1453:
1440:
1432:
1163:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1137:
1120:
1026:
990:
972:
929:
879:
739:
675:
659:
416:
1303:
1488:
1403:
996:
959:
867:
762:
368:
261:
108:
66:
1357:
1340:
1175:
1366:
1311:
1194:
1068:
984:
947:
873:
852:
716:
384:
348:
319:: the Eurylaimides and the Tyrannides. The New Zealand wrens in the family
222:
1412:
1002:
778:
281:
198:
41:
936:
912:
885:
578:
539:
495:
439:
265:
227:
86:
51:
1105:
1018:
1014:
1010:
923:
918:
848:
562:
304:
300:
296:
288:(songbirds of the larger suborder Passeri), hence the common name of
250:
185:
145:
91:
1374:
1397:
953:
941:
906:
899:
856:
516:
455:
269:
246:
165:
81:
76:
61:
56:
46:
1286:
Ohlson, J.I.; Irestedt, M.; Ericson, P.G.P.; Fjeldså, J. (2013).
978:
860:
274:
257:
96:
71:
20:
851:
suboscines – mainly distributed in tropical regions around the
285:
155:
1119:
Bochenski, Z. M.; Tomek, T.; Bujoczek, M.; Salwa, G. (2021).
891:
1118:
253:
175:
307:
of Europe is well documented by several fossil specimens.
1091:
1005:: ovenbirds and woodcreepers (includes Dendrocolaptidae)
1017:. It was eventually determined that there was a simple
1261:
And thus should not be used without quotation marks.
1210:
1044:
898:The Tyrannides contain all the suboscines from the
1050:
1486:
1159:"Earth history and the passerine superradiation"
323:are placed in a separate suborder Acanthisitti.
299:likely via a trans-Atlantic route during the
1152:
1150:
1148:
107:
1356:
1184:
1174:
1136:
1076:
1009:This group has been separated into three
315:The suborder Tyranni is divided into two
1156:
921:: tityras, sharpbill, becards (includes
1145:
1487:
1379:
1378:
1320:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
1226:. International Ornithologists' Union
1206:
1204:
419:– 6 species (Asian green broadbills)
1459:27af8cad-9271-4e91-a18e-bb46b0a50036
1157:Oliveros, C.H.; et al. (2019).
1051:Claramunt, S.; Cracraft, J. (2015).
387:– 9 species (eurylaimid broadbills)
581:– 447 species (tyrant flycatchers)
329:International Ornithologists' Union
13:
1278:
1201:
260:, the large majority of which are
14:
1516:
1224:IOC World Bird List Version 13.1
565:– 45 species (tityras, becards)
132:
39:
1505:Extant Eocene first appearances
1345:Molecular Biology and Evolution
939:: tyrant-flycatchers (includes
1264:
1255:
1238:
1112:
1085:
882:: African and green broadbills
310:
303:. Their presence in the early
256:that includes more than 1,000
1:
1332:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00034-9
1037:
847:The Eurylaimides contain the
639:– 5 species (crescentchests)
7:
975:: gnateaters and gnatpittas
765:– 12 species (antthrushes)
10:
1521:
1138:10.1007/s10336-021-01858-0
781:– 315 species (ovenbirds)
662:– 12 species (gnateaters)
18:
1387:
1304:10.11646/zootaxa.3613.1.1
776:
760:
753:
742:– 65 species (tapaculos)
737:
730:
719:– 68 species (antpittas)
714:
707:
678:– 238 species (antbirds)
673:
657:
650:
634:
627:
620:
576:
560:
553:
537:
530:
514:
507:
499:
453:
437:
430:
414:
407:
382:
366:
359:
352:
342:
273:. These have a different
219:
214:
129:Scientific classification
127:
115:
106:
30:
542:– 66 species (cotingas)
519:– 55 species (manakins)
264:. It is named after the
19:Not to be confused with
1218:, eds. (January 2023).
1176:10.1073/pnas.1813206116
1094:Journal of Biogeography
117:Dusky-capped flycatcher
37:Early Oligocene–present
1125:Journal of Ornithology
1069:10.1126/sciadv.1501005
888:: broad-billed sapayoa
458:– 44 species (pittas)
442:– 1 species (sapayoa)
371:– 4 species (asities)
121:Myiarchus tuberculifer
1358:10.1093/molbev/msw250
1454:Fauna Europaea (new)
1248:(tracheophones) and
876:: typical broadbills
1246:Luftröhrenschreier
1214:; Donsker, David;
1482:
1481:
1381:Taxon identifiers
1334:
1250:Bronchienschreier
1216:Rasmussen, Pamela
1169:(16): 7916–7925.
1106:10.1111/jbi.14466
1100:(10): 1753–1766.
969:: crescent chests
844:
843:
835:
834:
826:
825:
817:
816:
808:
807:
799:
798:
790:
789:
696:
695:
687:
686:
608:
607:
599:
598:
590:
589:
485:
484:
476:
475:
467:
466:
396:
395:
235:
234:
16:Suborder of birds
1512:
1475:
1474:
1462:
1461:
1449:
1448:
1436:
1435:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1360:
1326:
1315:
1272:
1268:
1262:
1259:
1253:
1252:(bronchophones).
1242:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1208:
1199:
1198:
1188:
1178:
1154:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1063:(11): e1501005.
1057:Science Advances
1048:
756:
755:
733:
732:
710:
709:
653:
652:
630:
629:
623:
622:
556:
555:
533:
532:
510:
509:
502:
501:
433:
432:
410:
409:
362:
361:
355:
354:
345:
344:
335:
334:
137:
136:
111:
101:
38:
34:Temporal range:
28:
27:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1470:
1465:
1457:
1452:
1444:
1439:
1431:
1426:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1383:
1373:
1338:
1335:(HTML abstract)
1285:
1281:
1279:Further reading
1276:
1275:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1256:
1243:
1239:
1229:
1227:
1209:
1202:
1155:
1146:
1117:
1113:
1090:
1086:
1049:
1045:
1040:
967:Melanopareiidae
855:– and a single
845:
836:
827:
818:
809:
800:
791:
697:
688:
637:Melanopareiidae
609:
600:
591:
486:
477:
468:
397:
321:Acanthisittidae
313:
131:
102:
100:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
36:
35:
32:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1518:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1500:Bird suborders
1497:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1463:
1450:
1441:Fauna Europaea
1437:
1424:
1409:
1393:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1372:
1371:
1351:(2): 483–499.
1336:
1325:(3): 499–512.
1316:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1263:
1254:
1237:
1220:"Family Index"
1200:
1144:
1131:(2): 593–604.
1111:
1084:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1007:
1006:
1000:
994:
991:Rhinocryptidae
988:
982:
979:Thamnophilidae
976:
973:Conopophagidae
970:
964:
934:
930:Onychorhynchus
916:
910:
896:
895:
889:
883:
880:Calyptomenidae
877:
871:
842:
841:
838:
837:
833:
832:
829:
828:
824:
823:
820:
819:
815:
814:
811:
810:
806:
805:
802:
801:
797:
796:
793:
792:
788:
787:
784:
783:
775:
772:
771:
768:
767:
759:
754:
752:
749:
748:
745:
744:
740:Rhinocryptidae
736:
731:
729:
726:
725:
722:
721:
713:
708:
706:
703:
702:
699:
698:
694:
693:
690:
689:
685:
684:
681:
680:
676:Thamnophilidae
672:
669:
668:
665:
664:
660:Conopophagidae
656:
651:
649:
646:
645:
642:
641:
633:
628:
626:
621:
619:
615:
614:
611:
610:
606:
605:
602:
601:
597:
596:
593:
592:
588:
587:
584:
583:
575:
572:
571:
568:
567:
559:
554:
552:
549:
548:
545:
544:
536:
531:
529:
526:
525:
522:
521:
513:
508:
506:
500:
498:
492:
491:
488:
487:
483:
482:
479:
478:
474:
473:
470:
469:
465:
464:
461:
460:
452:
449:
448:
445:
444:
436:
431:
429:
426:
425:
422:
421:
417:Calyptomenidae
413:
408:
406:
403:
402:
399:
398:
394:
393:
390:
389:
381:
378:
377:
374:
373:
365:
360:
358:
353:
351:
343:
341:
333:
312:
309:
262:South American
233:
232:
231:
230:
225:
217:
216:
212:
211:
206:
202:
201:
196:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
125:
124:
113:
112:
104:
103:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
40:
33:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1517:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1377:
1368:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1283:
1267:
1258:
1251:
1247:
1241:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1207:
1205:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1115:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1088:
1079:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1047:
1043:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1027:superfamilies
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1004:
1001:
999:: antthrushes
998:
997:Formicariidae
995:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
965:
962:
961:
960:Rhynchocyclus
956:
955:
950:
949:
944:
943:
938:
935:
932:
931:
926:
925:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
904:
903:
901:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
868:Philepittidae
866:
865:
864:
862:
859:species, the
858:
854:
850:
840:
839:
831:
830:
822:
821:
813:
812:
804:
803:
795:
794:
786:
785:
782:
780:
774:
773:
770:
769:
766:
764:
763:Formicariidae
758:
757:
751:
750:
747:
746:
743:
741:
735:
734:
728:
727:
724:
723:
720:
718:
712:
711:
705:
704:
701:
700:
692:
691:
683:
682:
679:
677:
671:
670:
667:
666:
663:
661:
655:
654:
648:
647:
644:
643:
640:
638:
632:
631:
625:
624:
617:
616:
613:
612:
604:
603:
595:
594:
586:
585:
582:
580:
574:
573:
570:
569:
566:
564:
558:
557:
551:
550:
547:
546:
543:
541:
535:
534:
528:
527:
524:
523:
520:
518:
512:
511:
504:
503:
497:
494:
493:
490:
489:
481:
480:
472:
471:
463:
462:
459:
457:
451:
450:
447:
446:
443:
441:
435:
434:
428:
427:
424:
423:
420:
418:
412:
411:
405:
404:
401:
400:
392:
391:
388:
386:
380:
379:
376:
375:
372:
370:
369:Philepittidae
364:
363:
357:
356:
350:
347:
346:
340:
337:
336:
332:
330:
324:
322:
318:
308:
306:
302:
298:
293:
291:
287:
283:
280:
276:
272:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
252:
248:
244:
240:
229:
226:
224:
221:
220:
218:
213:
210:
207:
204:
203:
200:
197:
194:
191:
190:
187:
186:Passeriformes
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
147:
144:
141:
140:
135:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
105:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
29:
26:
22:
1388:
1348:
1344:
1322:
1319:
1295:
1291:
1266:
1257:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1228:. Retrieved
1223:
1166:
1162:
1128:
1124:
1114:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1060:
1056:
1046:
1032:
1022:
1008:
985:Grallariidae
958:
952:
948:Platyrinchus
946:
940:
928:
922:
897:
874:Eurylaimidae
853:Indian Ocean
846:
777:
761:
738:
717:Grallariidae
715:
674:
658:
635:
577:
561:
538:
515:
454:
438:
415:
385:Eurylaimidae
383:
367:
349:Eurylaimides
338:
325:
314:
294:
289:
268:
242:
238:
236:
223:Eurylaimides
215:Infraorders
208:
192:
120:
25:
1413:Wikispecies
1298:(1): 1–35.
1212:Gill, Frank
1003:Furnariidae
993:: tapaculos
987:: antpittas
779:Furnariidae
618:Furnariida
317:infraorders
311:Systematics
282:musculature
1489:Categories
1038:References
1011:parvorders
981:: antbirds
937:Tyrannidae
915:: cotingas
913:Cotingidae
909:: manakins
886:Sapayoidae
579:Tyrannidae
540:Cotingidae
505:Tyrannida
496:Tyrannides
440:Sapayoidae
290:suboscines
266:type genus
243:suboscines
228:Tyrannides
205:Suborder:
199:Eupasseres
1019:dichotomy
1015:phylogeny
924:Oxyruncus
919:Tityridae
870:: asities
849:Old World
563:Tityridae
305:Oligocene
301:Oligocene
297:Old World
284:than the
251:passerine
152:Kingdom:
146:Eukaryota
1398:Wikidata
1367:28069777
1312:24698900
1195:30936315
954:Tachuris
942:Piprites
907:Pipridae
900:Americas
894:: pittas
892:Pittidae
857:American
517:Pipridae
456:Pittidae
270:Tyrannus
247:suborder
245:) are a
166:Chordata
162:Phylum:
156:Animalia
142:Domain:
1495:Tyranni
1433:Tyranni
1419:Tyranni
1404:Q768526
1389:Tyranni
1292:Zootaxa
1271:allies.
1230:5 March
1186:6475423
1078:4730849
861:sapayoa
339:Tyranni
331:(IOC).
286:oscines
277:of the
275:anatomy
258:species
239:Tyranni
209:Tyranni
182:Order:
172:Class:
31:Tyranni
21:Tyranny
1472:178268
1365:
1310:
1193:
1183:
1075:
1023:et al.
279:syrinx
1446:16696
254:birds
193:Clade
1467:ITIS
1363:PMID
1308:PMID
1296:3613
1232:2023
1191:PMID
957:and
927:and
237:The
176:Aves
42:PreꞒ
1428:AFD
1353:doi
1328:doi
1300:doi
1181:PMC
1171:doi
1167:116
1133:doi
1129:162
1102:doi
1073:PMC
1065:doi
249:of
1491::
1469::
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1430::
1415::
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1361:.
1349:34
1347:.
1343:.
1323:23
1306:.
1294:.
1290:.
1222:.
1203:^
1189:.
1179:.
1165:.
1161:.
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1127:.
1123:.
1098:49
1096:.
1071:.
1059:.
1055:.
951:,
945:,
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92:Pg
1369:.
1355::
1330::
1314:.
1302::
1234:.
1197:.
1173::
1141:.
1135::
1108:.
1104::
1081:.
1067::
1061:1
963:)
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241:(
119:(
97:N
87:K
82:J
77:T
72:P
67:C
62:D
57:S
52:O
47:Ꞓ
23:.
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