333:
37:
193:
are assembled using filament winding construction for maximum strength to stiffness ratios. The vehicle weighs 101 lb (46 kg), each rotor weighs 7 lb (3.2 kg) each, and the powerplant/pilot weighs 107 lb (49 kg). Power is transferred to the rotors via hand and foot
158:
The requirements to win the
Sikorsky Prize include achieving a flight duration of 60 seconds and reaching an altitude of 3 m (9 ft 10 in). At the same time the aircraft must prove that it is controllable by remaining within a 10 m (32 ft 10 in) circle.
226:
On 11 May, three test attempts were made bringing the rotors up to 18 rpm. Later at 5:30 pm the aircraft became airborne a few inches above the ground for at least 4 seconds. The flight is officially sanctioned to be the first flight of a human-powered helicopter by a female.
238:
to have flown in controlled hover for 11.4 seconds. The attempt set new United States records for flight duration and flight duration by a female pilot in a human-powered helicopter. The team was awarded the Igor I. Sikorsky
International Trophy from
188:
Gamera I consists of a X-shaped fuselage frame spanning 60 ft (18 m). At the terminus of each end of the frame resides a 42 ft (13 m) long rotor. The structure uses combinations of balsa, foam, mylar, and carbon fiber.
194:
pedals in a pod suspended beneath the structure. The rotor speed required for flight is approximately 18 rpm. An extra 10 percent power is achieved using this more complex method rather than pedal power alone. The rotors operate in
206:
The pilot and powerplant for the
Sikorsky record attempt is 24-year-old life sciences graduate student Judy Wexler. The amount of sustained power required of the pilot is around 1 horsepower (0.75 kW). The
838:
17:
833:
547:
594:
212:
364:
252:
573:
198:, a distance of less than five percent of the rotor length from its operating height. The cockpit was modified on May 10, due to structure flexing at speed.
155:. University of Maryland professor Fred Schmitz proposed an attempt at the prize for the engineering students, with Inderjit Chopra leading the effort.
243:, American Helicopter Museum and Education Center's Annual Achievement Award, the MTech Innovation Award, and was selected as a finalist for the 2012
143:
to meet the criteria of the 1980 Sikorsky Prize. Two other teams have made prize attempts unsuccessfully, The Da Vinci III, built by a team at the
386:
551:
235:
147:
in 1989 and the Yuri I. At the time the world record was of 19.46 seconds of flight at 0.2 m (7.9 in) altitude made by the
474:
883:
737:
374:
144:
676:
598:
409:
858:
369:
208:
515:
863:
817:
231:
779:
868:
264:
240:
723:
662:
459:
Martin Weil (8 May 2011). "University of
Maryland team to vie for $ 250,000 with human-powered copter".
878:
351:
195:
190:
124:
67:
52:
220:
163:
77:
710:
649:
167:
758:
435:
8:
873:
478:
341:
780:"A Helicopter Named Gamera, An Engine Named Judy, Creating a Human-Powered Helicopter"
813:
680:
620:
574:"U. of Maryland's Human-Powered Helicopter Aims to Make Aviation History Next Week"
413:
152:
251:
project. The
University continued the effort for 2012 with the development of the
380:
244:
128:
843:
852:
812:. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.
805:
522:
230:
On 13 July 2011 the Gamera I (piloted again by Wexler) was certified by the
345:
332:
810:
Gamera: A Human
Powered Helicopter – In Pursuit of an Aviation Milestone
248:
140:
270:
216:
44:
One of four Gamera Rotors on
Display at College Park Air Museum
171:
36:
176:
738:"'Gamera' Human-Powered Helicopter Record Certified By NAA"
521:. American Helicopter Society. pp. 2–3. Archived from
213:
Washington, DC Metropolitan Area
Special Flight Rules Area
365:
University of
Maryland Gamera II Human Powered Helicopter
310:
1 × Judy Wexler Human, 1 hp (0.75 kW) 120 rpm
410:"Human-Powered Helicopter Test Flight Set for Wednesday"
18:
University of
Maryland Gamera I Human Powered Helicopter
516:"Igor I. Sikorsky Human Powered Helicopter Competition"
336:
The 1907 Breguet Gyroplane with a quad rotor design.
359:
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
803:
804:Nagaraj, Vengalattore T.; Chopra, Inderjit &
263:Components of the Gamera I are on display at the
850:
271:Specifications (University of Maryland Gamera I)
211:flight attempt was legally performed within the
759:"Gamera Team Recognized by Helicopter Society"
87:A. James Clark School of Engineering students
500:Paul Glenshaw (January 2013). "Pedal Power".
499:
458:
180:series of films featuring a flying turtle.
354:– A powered quad-rotor design from 1907.
331:
375:California Polytechnic State University
344:– Human powered airplane winner of the
255:, renaming the Gamera to the Gamera I.
145:California Polytechnic State University
14:
851:
839:May 11 2011 First Flight of the Gamera
201:
103:Flights completed. Pieces on display
595:"Human-powered copter ready to rise"
370:University of Maryland Solar Gamera
24:
797:
25:
895:
827:
139:The Gamera I is purpose-designed
677:"Human-Powered Helicopter Flies"
621:"NOTAM Number : FDC 0/8326"
35:
30:University of Maryland Gamera I
884:University of Maryland aircraft
772:
751:
730:
695:
669:
634:
613:
232:National Aeronautic Association
121:University of Maryland Gamera I
587:
566:
540:
508:
493:
467:
452:
428:
402:
134:
127:designed to win the $ 250,000
13:
1:
395:
859:Aircraft first flown in 2011
477:. 9 Aug 2012. Archived from
265:College Park Aviation Museum
215:by operating indoors at the
174:, a nod to popular Japanese
95:May 11, 2011 5:30pm Eastern
7:
327:
241:American Helicopter Society
10:
900:
475:"Human Powered Helicopter"
316:4 × 42 ft (13 m)
258:
864:Human-powered helicopters
679:. eaa.org. Archived from
247:in the same group as the
183:
43:
34:
29:
502:Air & Space Magazine
389:Human powered helicopter
383:Human powered helicopter
352:Breguet-Richet Gyroplane
304:208 lb (94 kg)
298:101 lb (46 kg)
219:Center Auxiliary Gym in
151:helicopter developed by
125:human-powered helicopter
68:United States of America
53:Human-powered helicopter
283:General characteristics
834:May 11 2011 Test Video
337:
221:College Park, Maryland
164:University of Maryland
78:University of Maryland
548:"May 2011 Test Video"
335:
196:extreme ground effect
170:, the craft is named
869:Aviation in Maryland
436:"The Gamera Project"
314:Main rotor diameter:
141:quadrotor helicopter
844:July 13 test flight
705:: 15. January 2012.
644:: 15. January 2012.
202:Operational history
191:Composite materials
342:Gossamer Albatross
338:
806:Pines, Darryll J.
718:Missing or empty
657:Missing or empty
117:
116:
16:(Redirected from
891:
879:2011 in Maryland
823:
791:
790:
788:
786:
776:
770:
769:
767:
765:
755:
749:
748:
746:
744:
734:
728:
727:
721:
716:
714:
706:
699:
693:
692:
690:
688:
673:
667:
666:
660:
655:
653:
645:
638:
632:
631:
629:
627:
617:
611:
610:
608:
606:
597:. Archived from
591:
585:
584:
582:
580:
570:
564:
563:
561:
559:
550:. Archived from
544:
538:
537:
535:
533:
527:
520:
512:
506:
505:
497:
491:
490:
488:
486:
471:
465:
464:
456:
450:
449:
447:
445:
440:
432:
426:
425:
423:
421:
412:. Archived from
406:
324:
285:
234:, and later the
153:Nihon University
110:
64:
56:Type of aircraft
39:
27:
26:
21:
899:
898:
894:
893:
892:
890:
889:
888:
849:
848:
830:
820:
800:
798:Further reading
795:
794:
784:
782:
778:
777:
773:
763:
761:
757:
756:
752:
742:
740:
736:
735:
731:
719:
717:
708:
707:
701:
700:
696:
686:
684:
675:
674:
670:
658:
656:
647:
646:
640:
639:
635:
625:
623:
619:
618:
614:
604:
602:
593:
592:
588:
578:
576:
572:
571:
567:
557:
555:
546:
545:
541:
531:
529:
528:on 4 March 2011
525:
518:
514:
513:
509:
498:
494:
484:
482:
473:
472:
468:
461:Washington Post
457:
453:
443:
441:
438:
434:
433:
429:
419:
417:
408:
407:
403:
398:
330:
320:
281:
278:Popular Science
273:
261:
204:
186:
168:terrapin turtle
166:'s mascot is a
137:
108:
63:National origin
62:
57:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
897:
887:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
847:
846:
841:
836:
829:
828:External links
826:
825:
824:
818:
799:
796:
793:
792:
771:
750:
729:
703:Sport Aviation
694:
683:on 16 May 2011
668:
642:Sport Aviation
633:
612:
601:on 11 May 2011
586:
565:
554:on 13 May 2011
539:
507:
492:
481:on 31 May 2009
466:
451:
427:
416:on 16 May 2011
400:
399:
397:
394:
391:
390:
384:
381:AeroVelo Atlas
378:
372:
367:
356:
355:
349:
329:
326:
318:
317:
311:
305:
299:
293:
272:
269:
260:
257:
245:Collier Trophy
203:
200:
185:
182:
136:
133:
129:Sikorsky Prize
115:
114:
111:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
88:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
59:
58:
55:
50:
46:
45:
41:
40:
32:
31:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
896:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
856:
854:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
831:
821:
819:9781624106200
815:
811:
807:
802:
801:
781:
775:
760:
754:
739:
733:
725:
712:
704:
698:
682:
678:
672:
664:
651:
643:
637:
622:
616:
600:
596:
590:
575:
569:
553:
549:
543:
524:
517:
511:
503:
496:
480:
476:
470:
462:
455:
437:
431:
415:
411:
405:
401:
393:
388:
385:
382:
379:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
362:
361:
360:
353:
350:
347:
343:
340:
339:
334:
325:
323:
315:
312:
309:
306:
303:
302:Gross weight:
300:
297:
296:Empty weight:
294:
291:
288:
287:
286:
284:
279:
277:
268:
266:
256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
237:
233:
228:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
199:
197:
192:
181:
179:
178:
173:
169:
165:
160:
156:
154:
150:
146:
142:
132:
130:
126:
122:
112:
107:
106:
102:
99:
98:
94:
92:First flight
91:
90:
86:
83:
82:
79:
76:
74:Manufacturer
73:
72:
69:
66:
61:
60:
54:
51:
48:
47:
42:
38:
33:
28:
19:
809:
783:. Retrieved
774:
762:. Retrieved
753:
743:26 September
741:. Retrieved
732:
720:|title=
711:cite journal
702:
697:
685:. Retrieved
681:the original
671:
659:|title=
650:cite journal
641:
636:
624:. Retrieved
615:
603:. Retrieved
599:the original
589:
577:. Retrieved
568:
556:. Retrieved
552:the original
542:
530:. Retrieved
523:the original
510:
501:
495:
483:. Retrieved
479:the original
469:
460:
454:
442:. Retrieved
430:
418:. Retrieved
414:the original
404:
392:
387:Saiki Upturn
377:Da Vinci III
358:
357:
346:Kremer prize
321:
319:
313:
307:
301:
295:
289:
282:
280:
275:
274:
262:
229:
225:
205:
187:
175:
161:
157:
148:
138:
120:
118:
109:Number built
322:Performance
308:Powerplant:
135:Development
874:Quadrotors
853:Categories
396:References
249:Boeing 787
209:ultralight
162:Since the
276:Data from
253:Gamera II
84:Designer
808:(2021).
485:9 August
328:See also
259:Display
217:Comcast
100:Status
816:
785:8 June
764:8 June
687:12 May
558:11 May
184:Design
172:Gamera
149:Yuri I
626:9 May
605:9 May
579:9 May
532:9 May
526:(PDF)
519:(PDF)
444:9 May
439:(PDF)
420:9 May
290:Crew:
177:Kaiju
123:is a
49:Role
814:ISBN
787:2012
766:2012
745:2011
724:help
689:2011
663:help
628:2011
607:2011
581:2011
560:2011
534:2011
487:2012
446:2011
422:2011
119:The
236:FAI
855::
715::
713:}}
709:{{
654::
652:}}
648:{{
267:.
223:.
131:.
113:1
822:.
789:.
768:.
747:.
726:)
722:(
691:.
665:)
661:(
630:.
609:.
583:.
562:.
536:.
504:.
489:.
463:.
448:.
424:.
348:.
292:1
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
