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3305:. Afaqui and other writers refused to be identified by any movement and displayed complete independence in using personally developed styles and techniques for writing novels and explored their own philosophy and vision of life. It was a serious departure from the theme of partition which dominated writers like Qurtul Ain haider and Abdullah Hussain and the theme of existentialism which was the benchmark of modernism. Writers like Ghazanfer and Musharraf Alam Zauqi have further widened the horizons of new themes and concerns.
5724:
3292:. Many other critics in Urdu literature are also attached to this approach to criticism. Post-modernism does not claim to be a movement and does not demand any writer to adopt a particular style of writing. It generally concentrates on a method of understanding contemporary literature in the light of its content—mostly examining features like feminism, Dalit, regional and other types of literature as opposed to seeking uniformity in the global literature on the basis of internationally established trends.
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1120:
128:
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3355:) in Urdu language, where the popular writers of digests/magazines are discriminated somewhat as a "lower caste". But with the introduction of modern statistical methodologies, the literature published in millions cannot be ignored just because the literary elite doesn't approve it. While the literary critics are still reluctant to acknowledge the popular writers, nevertheless, the contributions of
2125:. He gathered a group of Indian scholars at the college who went on to write books for the use of fresh officers and also created a standard prose for Urdu and Hindi. The chief among these scholars were Mir Amman Dehelvi, Mir Sher Ali Jaafri, Mir Bahadur Ali Husaini, Sayid Haidar Bakhsh, Kazim Ali Jawan, Nihalchand, Hafizuddin Ahmad, Ikram Ali Khan, Lallujilal, Beni Narayan, and Mirza Ali Lutf.
2712:
composition. Some of these tazkiras give biographical details, and a little idea of the style or poetical power is transmitted. Even the large anthologies do not systematically review an author's work. Most of them have the names in alphabetical order, but one or two are ordered by historical chronology. The majority quote only lyrics, and the quotations are usually chosen randomly.
2843:, was published in 2011 and depicts the tension of the political sickening of a common Indian citizen in the six decades after India's independence. Bewildered by the disappointing state of democracy and the transformation of Indian society into a mental desert the central character dies after leaving behind his writings which catch fire.
2861:; 1868–1869) by Deputy Nazeer Ahmed is regarded as the first novel in Urdu. Within twenty years of publication over 100,000 copies had been printed; and was also translated into Bengali, Braj, Kashmiri, Punjabi, and Gujarati. It has never been out of print in Urdu. In 1903 an English translation was published in London by G. E. Ward.
4537:
2600:
Muhammed Quli Qutub Shah had the distinction of being the first Saheb-e-dewan Urdu poet and is credited with introducing a new sensibility into prevailing genres of
Persian/Urdu poetry. It is said that the Urdu language acquired the status of a literary language due to his contributions. He died in the year 1611.
3270:
The modernist movement started in Urdu literature around 1960. This movement laid more stress on symbolic and other indirect expressions as opposed to direct and clear expressions. The most well-known names in this movement included
Shamsur Rehman Farooqui and Gopichand Narang and the poets Noon Meem
3300:
By the end of the 1980s the atmosphere in Urdu literature became very depressing. The progressive movement was almost dead and the modernist movement had started running out of ideas. But this was also the time for an upsurge of new creative forces rooted in the new life that was metamorphosing the
2628:
The genre originated in the Middle East and was disseminated by folk storytellers. It was assimilated by individual authors. Dastan plots are based both on folklore and classical literary subjects. Dastan was particularly popular in Urdu literature, typologically close to other narrative genres in
2606:
is considered as the first researcher of
Deccaniyat. some of the works of Allama Hakeem Sayyid Shamsullah Qadri are Salateen e Muabber 1929, Urdu-i-qadim 1930, Tareekh E Maleebaar, Mowarrikheen E Hind, Tahfat al Mujahidin 1931, Imadiya, Nizam Ut Tawareekh, Tareekh Zuban Urdu-Urdu-E-Qadeem, Tareekh
3035:
Urdu literature has included the short story form for slightly more than one hundred years. During this period it has passed through some major phases including the early romantic period, progressive writings, modernist writings, and the current phase. Although a number of male and female writers
3279:
Halqa e Arbab e Zauq was a literary movement begun in Lahore, British Raj in 1939. Early members included poets Noon Meem Rashid, Zia
Jallandhari, Muhtar Siddiqui, Hafeez Hoshiarpuri and Meeraji, brought to the meeting by his friend, Qayyum Nazar, an active member of the group. The Halqa was the
2796:
had a great impact on the novel, bringing up questions of identity and migration as can be seen in the major works of
Abdullah Hussain and Quratul Ain Haider. Towards the end of the last century the novel took a serious turn towards the contemporary life and realities of the young generations of
1686:
and patronizations of foreign culture centuries earlier by Muslim rulers, usually of Turkic or Afghan descent, marked their influence on the Urdu language given that both cultural heritages were strongly present throughout Urdu territory. The Urdu language, with a vocabulary almost evenly split
2711:
Tazkiras (تذکیرہ) are compilations of literary memoirs that include verses and maxims of the great poets along with biographical information and commentaries on their styles. They are often a collection of names with a line or two of information about each poet, followed by specifics about his
2599:
was speaking a language that might be considered to be Urdu. Sultan
Muhammed Quli Qutb Shah was a scholar in Persian and Arabic. He also wrote poetry in Telugu language, Persian language and Urdu language. His poetry has been compiled into Dewan or volume entitled "Kulliyat-e-Quli Qutub Shah."
4569:
3026:
In the first decade of twenty first century Rahman Abbas has emerged as most influential Urdu fiction writer. 'The Hindu', writes about work of Rahman Abbas, "With his uncanny ability to subvert what people believe, Rehman Abbas raises the art of story-telling to a new level."
2647:) by Mir Taqi Khayal (d. 1760). Most of the narrative dastans were recorded in the early nineteenth century, representing the inclusion of 'wandering' motifs borrowed from the folklore of the Middle East, central Asia and northern India. These include
3241:. Unlike the writers of the previous generation, Sayeed, Shahid, Iqbal, and Zaheer do not write bookish plays but rather their work is a product of a vigorous performing tradition. Iqbal Niyazi of Mumbai has written several plays in Urdu. His play
3182:
Classic playwrights include Prof Hasan, Ghulam
Jeelani, J. N. Kaushal, Shameem Hanfi and Jameel Shaidayi. Danish Iqbal, Sayeed Alam, Shahid Anwar, Iqbal Niyazi and Anwar are a few of the post-modern playwrights actively contributing to Urdu drama.
3280:
second modern literary movement in Urdu poetry in the 20th century, founded just a couple of years after the leftist
Progressive Writers' Movement, and is considered to be the most influential group on modern poetry in the Urdu Language.
3316:
is a new and somewhat rare genre in the history of Urdu literature. The first play of the genre was written and published by the
Pakistan research-writer, poet, lawyer and columnist Mujtaba Haider Zaidi in December 2008 under the title
3179:. Among all the languages, Urdu (which was called Hindi "meaning:Language of the Hind" by some early writers), along with Gujarati, Marathi, and Bengali theatres have remained popular. Many Urdu dramas have also been made into films.
2407:
emerged on the literary scene in the early 1890s and soon became probably the most significant writer and novelist in the history of Urdu literature. He also wrote in Hindi. He wrote on the themes of religious and social reforms in
2791:
Initially, Urdu novels focused on urban social life, eventually widening in scope to include rural social life. They also covered the changing times under the progressive writing movement inspired by Sajjad Zaheer. However, the
1780:, the fifth sultan of the Qutb Shahi dynasty of Golkonda and founder of the city of Hyderabad, was a royal poet and prolific writer in Persian and Dakhini. Other poets included Wajhi and Gavvasi. In 1655, Ibn e Nishati wrote
1799:
was another royal poet who was also a patron of art and literature. His Kitab-e-Navras (Book of Nine Rasas) in
Dakhani is a collection of 59 poems and 17 couplets. Other important poets included Rustami, Nusrati, and Mirza.
2100:
was the official language of the court and culture and all correspondence was carried out in Persian. The development of Urdu prose for practical purposes can be traced back to the establishment of the
3124:
and the violence generated out of it. Towards the end of the last century, short stories became grounded in the complexity of daily life which can be seen in the unique collection of short stories in
3413:
3036:
wrote short stories during the first phase(including both romantic stories and social criticisms), the short story crystallized as a regular part of Urdu literature in the growth of the writings of
4519:
6738:
2763:
in Urdu in the early 20th century. Azmatullah Khan (1887-1923) is believed to have introduced this format to Urdu poetry. Other renowned Urdu poets who wrote sonnets are Akhtar Junagarhi,
1826:
3218:, a Celebration of the Faiz's poetry, featuring events from the early part of his life, particularly the events and incidents of pre-partition days which shaped his life and ideals; and
6157:
1334:
3002:
1682:
dialect (The Persianized combination of Hindavi), which was the early form of Modern Standard Urdu. He was thus called, the "father of Urdu literature". The continuing traditions of
2621:
Urdu literature was generally composed more of poetry than of prose. The prose component of Urdu literature was mainly restricted to the ancient form of epic stories called dāstān (
2068:, better known for his poetry, also wrote a considerable amount of Urdu prose during his lifetime which includes his collection of letters and three short pamphlets entitled
2461:
In the 1930s, the short story became the leading prose genre in Urdu due to the influx of western influences especially the English, French, and Russian. The publication of
6748:
3439:
2575:
exercised great influence on the initial growth of not only Urdu literature, but the language itself (which only truly took shape as distinguished from both Persian and
2004:. This period saw the rise of prose, criticism, and drama in Urdu literature. Writers and poets began to explore new subjects and themes and experiment with new forms.
2819:, brought the Urdu novel out of the prevailing themes of partition and identity issues and took it into the realm of modern-day realities and issues of life in India.
2629:
Eastern literatures, such as Persian masnawi, Punjabi qissa, Sindhi waqayati bait, etc., and also reminiscent of the European novel. The oldest known Urdu dastans are
3301:
socio-economic and political climate in the sub-continent. It was under this climate that a new era of fiction started with the publication of Paigham Afaqui's novel
6883:
4678:
2607:
Zuban Urdu Al Musamma Ba Urdu-E-Qadeem, Tareekh Zuban Urdu Yaani Urdu-E-Qadeem, Tarikh Vol III, Asaarul Karaam, Tarikh Shijrah Asifiya, Ahleyaar, Pracina malabar
5086:“Urdu Afsana : Soorat o Ma'na” (Urdu) by M. Hameed Shahid National Book Foundation Islamabad Pakistan 2006–1.an eminent poet of moder age akhlaque bandvi.
149:
6758:
7204:
6753:
3137:
3106:
1941:. The Lucknow court emerged as the centre of Urdu poetry as it received poets from Delhi with much enthusiasm. Chief among these poets were Khaliq, Zamir,
2489:
was an important progressive novelist and short story writer who wrote extensively on femininity. Her major works include the collection of short stories
3102:
6784:
3319:
2797:
India. The most significant novels of the current generation of Indian novelists in Urdu, which demonstrate a new confidence in contemporary life, are
3222:, another play inspired from Faiz's letters written from various jails during the Rawalpindi Conspiracy days. He has written 14 other plays including
2903:
describes the ups and downs of life for developing moral values and guidance of young people. His entire work is full of the teaching of moral values.
3210:, directed by M S Sathyu, is considered a modern classic for its use of newer theatre techniques and a contemporary perspective. His other plays are
3271:
Rashid and Meeraji. Apart from them, a number of other poets like Zafer Iqbal, Nasir Kazmi, Bashir Bader and Shahryar are related to this movement.
2154:
and Subjects Subsidiary Therein), was published in 1876. He made significant contributions to Urdu journalism through his journals and periodicals,
3125:
3086:
2804:
2595:
Hindi bereft of Arabo-Persian vocabulary, his influence on court viziers and writers must have been transcendental, for a century after his death
3145:
3237:
is also a significant play. He has been associated with many groups including 'Natwa'. Zaheer Anwar has kept the flag of Urdu Theatre flying in
6571:
5590:
5428:
1119:
6878:
6674:
6172:
6167:
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1341:
2169:
The Aligarh movement produced a band of literary enthusiasts who had a far-reaching influence on Urdu literature. The chief among them were
6823:
6297:
5395:
4365:
1929:
During the nineteenth century, the centre of Urdu literature shifted from Delhi as most literary men migrated to other parts of India like
1424:
3245:
won several awards. Hence this is the only generation after Amanat and Agha Hashr who actually write for the stage and not for libraries.
2146:, was also a voracious writer and journalist who wrote various books from theological to historical subjects. His major theological work,
5943:
1661:
5707:
4613:
3040:. His notable short stories include "Kafan" and "Poos Ki Raat". The Urdu short story gained momentum with the phenomenal publication of
1723:
shifted his capital from Delhi to the Deccan and in 1347 Zafar Khan, his governor in the Deccan, declared independence establishing the
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6995:
6302:
6205:
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364:
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3042:
2799:
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2432:. Premchand was also the first writer to introduce European-style short stories in Urdu. His first collection of short stories,
7316:
6959:
6802:
3445:
1961:, the last Mughal Emperor, was himself a poet and a patron of poetry. Chief poets who flourished under his patronage includes
7351:
6979:
6717:
5555:
5178:
5105:
5094:
5000:
4902:
4844:
4823:
4802:
4081:
3120:
Urdu short stories have dealt with a wide range of the dimensions of life, but the most famous stories concern the trauma of
4220:
1992:
and the contact with English language started a new movement in Urdu literature. The flag bearers of this new movement were
7184:
6807:
4813:
1731:. The Bahmani sultans cultivated the use of Urdu in the kingdom as opposed to Persian which was the court language of the
7346:
7020:
6679:
6581:
1758:, a Sufi tract is one of the earliest Urdu prose. Other important writers included Shah Miranji and his son Shah Buran.
7321:
7010:
6933:
6789:
6611:
6576:
5938:
5928:
5908:
5893:
5583:
5421:
5097:. Published by Arshia publication Delhi 110095. Edition 2012 (Article o n EK Mamnua Muhabbat Ki Kahani page 316 to 321)
4651:
4630:
4395:
1315:
5117:
2311:
which is a history of Urdu poetry from Wali to Ghalib, is regarded as the first chronological history of Urdu poetry.
7400:
6586:
5697:
5075:
5053:
5039:
4661:
174:
109:
87:
52:
3156:
Urdu drama evolved from the prevailing dramatic traditions of North India raas as practiced by exponents like Nawab
80:
7227:
6969:
6631:
5521:
5390:
4736:
3408:
2480:
2456:
553:
415:
281:
38:
4946:
2625:). These long stories have complicated plots that deal with magical and otherwise fantastic creatures and events.
7174:
6852:
5852:
5797:
4711:
1654:
2195:
is regarded as the father of modern history in Urdu. He wrote several biographical and historical books such as
7000:
6908:
6198:
4437:
4230:
3376:
2879:, a name for the constellation Ursa Major) is another novel by Deputy Nazeer Ahmed. It was his 2nd novel after
1230:
301:
277:
2382:, and first staged in 1853. It was a musical comedy with a thin plot line and was modelled after the European
7341:
7222:
5903:
5576:
5550:
5414:
2588:
2007:
Altaf Hussain Hali was a prolific poet who left a vast amount of work behind. His major poetic works include
1674:
Urdu developed during the 13th century, although the name "Urdu" did not exist at the time for the language.
1095:
357:
321:
6539:
6410:
5802:
5470:
5455:
3259:
3012:
2772:
2550:
1735:. This dialect, which up to 1375 had no difference with Delhi Urdu, was influenced by local languages like
1327:
1156:
1128:
842:
440:
285:
4456:
1957:
The second quarter of the nineteenth century saw the revival of Urdu poetry in Delhi in the Mughal court.
6898:
6532:
5888:
5535:
4834:
3393:
4792:
826:
7361:
7212:
7015:
7005:
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6162:
6115:
6094:
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5750:
5302:
1647:
1506:
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405:
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7042:
6974:
6828:
6517:
6446:
6292:
6191:
5627:
5506:
5375:
5171:
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Other major writers during this period include Sudarshan, Mohammad Mehdi Taskeen, Qazi Abdul Gaffar,
2162:
2114:
1977:
1873:
1869:
1565:
1493:
1454:
410:
1788:
written by Tab’i is an important work of the period. Written in 1670, it is nearly 2700 lines long.
7405:
6712:
6544:
6365:
6261:
6141:
6079:
5872:
5817:
5767:
5692:
5617:
4679:"Afra Bukhari (1938-2022): The short story writer from Pakistan was among the last of a generation"
1989:
1942:
1310:
1088:
777:
350:
313:
261:
225:
74:
5729:
5723:
5350:
1860:
was an important poet in Delhi during this period. His major works include two volumes of poetry,
7194:
6844:
6779:
6702:
6512:
6489:
6271:
5812:
5515:
5100:
EK Mamnua Muhabbat Ki Kahani-by Rahman Abbas, Published by Educational Publishing House, Delhi-6
2603:
2483:
that went on to substantially influence the content of Urdu literature for the next two decades.
2314:
1857:
1777:
1747:. The works composed during this period are mostly Dakhini prose and poetry on religious themes.
1715:
in the 14th century. An early form of Urdu was first introduced in the Deccan by the soldiers of
141:
4894:
4888:
4761:
7410:
7356:
7268:
6918:
6794:
6666:
6626:
6527:
6405:
6110:
6089:
5832:
5599:
5334:
5127:
3418:
2776:
2580:
1728:
1259:
867:
767:
91:
1043:
7149:
7089:
6647:
6441:
6333:
6318:
6236:
5867:
5807:
5735:
4610:
3313:
3047:
1852:
1625:
1416:
1305:
1282:
802:
792:
455:
2827:, who turned to novel writing. These Urdu novels further impacted significant works such as
1884:, who later came to be known as “the Four Pillars of Urdu Poetry”. Another major figure was
1545:
7034:
6888:
6616:
6507:
6328:
6223:
6084:
5918:
5913:
5847:
5827:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5540:
5437:
5380:
5223:
5218:
5164:
3403:
3398:
3169:
3090:
2293:
2102:
1997:
1796:
1720:
1512:
1296:
1163:
822:
739:
450:
430:
425:
420:
396:
44:
5122:
4501:
4482:
4346:
4148:
2080:. His letters, autobiographical in nature, were collected and published in two volumes as
1368:
8:
7303:
7278:
7237:
6722:
6554:
6415:
6323:
6266:
6063:
6048:
5974:
5465:
5460:
5198:
3055:
2914:
1595:
1585:
1580:
1570:
1560:
1540:
1531:
1469:
1277:
1136:
837:
796:
488:
435:
4990:
2317:
introduced proper fiction and touch of realism in Urdu novels with his serialised novel
7293:
7252:
7109:
7099:
7074:
7052:
7047:
6707:
6564:
6380:
6246:
6043:
5842:
5622:
5480:
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5385:
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5213:
5020:(Lahore: Naval Kishor Gais Printing Wrks) 1907 ; (Delhi: Oxford University Press) 2001
4977:
4933:
4875:
3121:
3051:
2983:
2900:
2793:
2747:), reached its peak in the 19th century. The most well-developed form of poetry is the
2541:
2476:
2347:
2306:
2290:
during this period, both of which are conduct books designed to instill moral virtues.
2269:
2235:
2110:
2033:
was another exponent of the new movement in Urdu poetry. He wrote patriotic poems like
2001:
1958:
1809:
1620:
1600:
1590:
1550:
1502:
1445:
1403:), it has expanded into other styles of writing, including that of the short story, or
1268:
887:
882:
852:
847:
812:
782:
772:
753:
498:
249:
3046:, a collection of many writers towards the end of the life of Premchand. Writers like
7288:
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6606:
6549:
6425:
6395:
6390:
6251:
6241:
6231:
6020:
5857:
5792:
5787:
5757:
5545:
5485:
5321:
5145:
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5090:
5071:
5049:
5035:
4996:
4969:
4925:
4898:
4867:
4840:
4819:
4798:
4657:
4226:
4106:
3289:
3074:
3070:
2950:
2440:
2379:
2156:
2030:
1908:
1833:" around 1780 AD for a language that went by a multiplicity of names before his time.
1736:
1724:
1630:
1615:
1605:
1522:
1479:
1438:
897:
862:
857:
832:
817:
807:
762:
744:
596:
330:
4421:. Hyderabad: Anjuman Imdaad Bahami Maktaba Abr Aheemiya. p. 156. Archived from
7380:
7217:
7139:
7069:
7062:
6938:
6474:
6461:
6385:
6370:
6053:
6015:
6008:
5991:
5511:
5365:
5360:
3589:
Garcia, Maria Isabel Maldonado. "The Urdu language reforms." Studies 26 (2011): 97.
3262:
in Urdu literature was the strongest movement after Sir Syed's education movement.
3176:
3094:
3066:, to name but a few, turned the short story into a major genre of Urdu literature.
3037:
2768:
2584:
2579:
during the late 13th century). He is credited with the systematization of northern
2357:
2228:
2202:
2174:
2143:
2134:
2097:
1970:
1904:
1885:
1767:
1740:
1700:
1575:
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1287:
1249:
1244:
1179:
902:
877:
872:
787:
719:
680:
591:
577:
548:
5142:
The development of apostasy and punishment law in Islam 11 AH/632 AD-157 AH/774 AD
4088:
2759:
Urdu poets influenced by English and other European-language poetry began writing
523:
7273:
7164:
7079:
6954:
6256:
6003:
5998:
5959:
5837:
5822:
5677:
5271:
5203:
4617:
4599:
4587:
3364:
3114:
3059:
2961:
2891:
2764:
2596:
2506:
2428:
2252:
2139:
1993:
1881:
1732:
1716:
1696:
1610:
1555:
1517:
1459:
1195:
1024:
478:
389:
340:
204:
4555:
7159:
7154:
7134:
7129:
5687:
4126:
3368:
3157:
3063:
2956:
2865:
2853:
2486:
2444:
2361:
2274:
2182:
1712:
1484:
724:
538:
473:
381:
265:
4197:(in Urdu). HYDERABAD DECCAN: THE MAGAZINE TAREEKH. p. 139. Archived from
7394:
7144:
7124:
7114:
6873:
6743:
5682:
5662:
5652:
5647:
5637:
5603:
5526:
5329:
5266:
5256:
5208:
5149:
4973:
4929:
4871:
3346:
3336:
3165:
3078:
2967:
2927:
2738:
2468:
2418:
2319:
2243:
2197:
2192:
2186:
2170:
1376:
1358:
1184:
1048:
1038:
970:
940:
911:
694:
666:
563:
508:
317:
229:
3132:. An entirely different approach is seen in the collection of short stories
2923:(1885) was another novel for developing moral values and guidance for youth.
2887:, this novel is also on the education of women and their character building.
2591:. While the couplets that come down from him are representative of a latter-
2213:), and Aurangzeb Alamgir Par Ek Nazar, a book on the life of Mughal emperor
1464:
7283:
6621:
6456:
6400:
5862:
5667:
5657:
5632:
5233:
5034:
in English translation with Urdu text. Modern Language Association (2003).
3110:
3081:. The short story tradition continues with younger generation writers like
3006:
2945:
2932:
2730:
2572:
2560:
2472:
2372:
Drama in Urdu was introduced in the 19th century through the production of
2343:
2279:
2210:
1946:
1877:
1675:
1173:
1168:
1076:
975:
965:
528:
445:
335:
253:
245:
5568:
3414:
List of countries and territories where Hindustani is an official language
1829:
Ghulam Hamdani Mas'hafi, the poet first believed to have coined the name "
7119:
6559:
6469:
6451:
5964:
5406:
5370:
3388:
3206:
3161:
3082:
2996:
2992:
2824:
2721:
2374:
2336:
2324:
2178:
1900:
1825:
1751:
1385:
1380:
709:
704:
699:
689:
558:
464:
297:
7375:
5066:
Alamgir Hashmi, ed. Rafey Habib, Faruq Hassan, and David Matthews, tr.,
4995:. Internet Archive. Delhi ; Oxford : Oxford University Press.
4981:
4957:
4937:
4913:
4879:
4855:
1837:
In the 18th century, the three most important forms of Urdu poetry were
6868:
6652:
6479:
5307:
4174:(in Urdu). Aligarh: Muslim University Press. p. 98. Archived from
3356:
3098:
2939:
2869:
by Mirza Hadi Ruswa is considered the first Urdu novel by many critics.
2780:
2206:
2117:, the head of the college, was author of many Hindustani works such as
1200:
1053:
1015:
1005:
714:
6484:
6360:
6214:
4635:
4508:. V. Abdul Qaiyyum (trans.). Kazhikode: Bushra Pub. House. p. 1.
2631:
2616:
2576:
2404:
2335:. He also wrote articles and short stories for the humorous journal,
2227:, a fourteen-volume compilation of Indian history in Urdu written by
2214:
2027:
or elegies on the deaths of Ghalib, Hakim Mahmud Khan, and Sir Syed.
1930:
1033:
1010:
950:
626:
616:
621:
6375:
6183:
6158:
Uttar Pradesh State Board of High School and Intermediate Education
6125:
5969:
5441:
5228:
3372:
2975:
2151:
2106:
1688:
1678:, who lived in the thirteenth century, wrote and gave shape to the
1412:
1189:
641:
533:
985:
651:
5642:
5261:
3238:
2592:
2463:
2278:, the first original novel in Urdu. It served as Nazir's form of
1938:
1744:
1692:
1206:
1000:
990:
960:
935:
930:
734:
661:
568:
4277:(in Urdu). Hyderabad: Tareekh Press. p. 158. Archived from
4254:(in Urdu). Hyderabad: Tarikh office. p. 330. Archived from
2751:, known for its quality and quantity within the Urdu tradition.
2119:
Oriental Linguist, an Introduction to the Language of Hindustani
127:
6120:
5672:
5530:
5281:
5276:
4948:
Another Lonely Voice: The Life and Works of Saadat Hassan Manto
4460:
3188:
3019:
2760:
2748:
2499:
2257:
2065:
1966:
1845:
1839:
1803:
1679:
1216:
1211:
1058:
980:
945:
729:
656:
646:
636:
631:
606:
543:
513:
493:
257:
233:
4252:
Imad-Ul-Mulk - Sawaneh Tazkira - Nawabeen Awadh - Imad-Ul-Mulk
3330:
2726:
2509:
realistically portrayed life in his novel and stories such as
2109:
in 1800 which was founded to instruct British officers of the
1980:
and Mir Hussain Taskin became distinguished poets themselves.
6038:
5979:
4499:
2679:) by Khalil Ali Khan Ashq. Other famous Urdu dastans include
2383:
1988:
The fall of the Mughal empire and kingdom of Awadh after the
1934:
1683:
1420:
1145:
920:
671:
611:
601:
586:
518:
483:
5123:
Maḫzan al-asrār. Niżāmī raqm-i Muḥammad. Dessinateur 1538 AD
4598:
The Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature (Volume Five) p.4146
5984:
5187:
3796:
2839:
by Ilyas Ahmed Gaddi. Paigham Afaqui's second major novel,
2436:, published in 1907, was banned by the British government.
2045:(Mother India). His historical and religious poems include
1962:
1395:
1150:
995:
955:
503:
4454:
3882:
3748:
3712:
3186:
Sayeed Alam is known for his wit and humour in plays like
2148:
Al-Khutbat al-Ahmadiya fi'l Arab wa'I Sirat al-Muhammadiya
4019:
3959:
3935:
3813:
3811:
3592:
3379:, and many others, to Urdu literature cannot be ignored.
3069:
The next generation of Urdu short story writers included
1820:
925:
6884:
Atomic Minerals Directorate for Exploration and Research
4459:. Tareekh Asifiya Hyderabad. p. 120. Archived from
4314:
4245:
2350:
introduced historical elements in his own works such as
5156:
4435:
4393:
4363:
4268:
4165:
3688:
3652:
3628:
3573:
3571:
3556:
3472:
3175:
Urdu theater traditions have greatly influenced modern
1703:
words, was a reflection of this cultural amalgamation.
4188:
4007:
3971:
3835:
3808:
3784:
3772:
3760:
3736:
3724:
3700:
3520:
2296:
laid the foundation of historical novels in Urdu with
5139:
4701:
Ilm-o-Irfan Publishers, Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Pakistan
4043:
3995:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3872:
3870:
3868:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3335:
There is an old distinction of classical literature (
3164:
of Amanat and later this tradition took the shape of
3160:
of Awadh. His dramatic experiments led to the famous
4291:
3983:
3894:
3847:
3823:
3676:
3664:
3640:
3616:
3604:
3568:
3288:
Post-modernism was introduced to Urdu literature by
4412:
3544:
3532:
3508:
3496:
3484:
3460:
2699:by Muhammad Hādī (a.k.a. Mirzā Mughal Ghāfil), and
2238:also made significant contributions to Urdu prose.
6785:All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar
4317:"Tareekh Zuban Urdu Al Musamma Ba - Urdu-E-Qadeem"
4031:
3947:
3918:
3906:
3859:
2426:and the problems of the middle class and women in
2364:, published at the end of the nineteenth century.
1808:The most important Urdu writer of this period was
1719:who raided the Deccan from 1294 to 1311. In 1326,
1711:Literary composition in Urdu first started in the
6799:Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research
4586:Encyclopedic dictionary of Urdu literature p.565
4480:
4344:
4300:(in Urdu). Taj Press. p. 134. Archived from
3214:, on the famous lyricist and revolutionary poet;
3030:
2635:, recorded in the early seventeenth century, and
2260:, are some of his most important works in prose.
1761:
7392:
4129:. Muslim University Press Aligarh. 4 August 2013
2450:
2231:, was an monumental achievement of this period.
1888:, known for his masnavis, the most famous being
1772:
4061:
3253:
2360:was a poet and writer, best remembered for his
2091:
1791:
1706:
1375:) comprises the literary works, written in the
4600:https://books.google.com/books?isbn=8126012218
4588:https://books.google.com/books?isbn=8182201918
4195:Bibliographical Studies In Indo-Muslim History
2823:had an impact on many English writers such as
2217:. He also wrote the first travelogue in Urdu,
2205:, Al-Ma'mun, Al-Ghazali, (a biography of Imam
1952:
6879:Defence Research and Development Organisation
6199:
6173:List of cities in Uttar Pradesh by population
6168:List of urban agglomerations in Uttar Pradesh
5584:
5422:
5172:
4444:(in Urdu). Tarikh Press Hyderabad. p. 1.
2497:. She is best remembered for her short story
1899:Other important poets of this period include
1655:
1335:
1096:
358:
6466:Wonderla Amusement Park, Raviryal, Hyderabad
6298:Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority
4811:
3598:
3441:Famous Indian sages: their immortal messages
3437:
2041:(The Bride of the Love of the Country), and
1804:Urdu in Deccan under Mughal Rule (1687–1730)
5598:
4370:Urdu Adab - Tareekh Urdu-E-Qadeem - Tareekh
3331:Classical literature vs. popular literature
2221:which is an account of his travels abroad.
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
7312:Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium
6996:Telangana State Road Transport Corporation
6303:Quli Qutb Shah Urban Development Authority
6206:
6192:
5591:
5577:
5436:
5429:
5415:
5179:
5165:
5118:Columbia University: Urdu Language Sources
4812:Russell, Ralph; Islam, Khurshidul (1968).
4556:"Welcome forumpakistan.net - BlueHost.com"
4366:"Tareekh Zuban Urdu Yaani - Urdu-E-Qadeem"
3351:
3341:
2743:
2622:
2540:Another leading writer of this period was
1662:
1648:
1408:
1400:
1390:
1363:
1342:
1328:
1103:
1089:
365:
351:
5128:ترتیب وڈیزائننگ ایم پی خاؿ اردولشکری زبان
4890:An Intellectual History of Islam in India
4815:Three Mughal Poets: Mir, Sauda, Mir Hasan
4604:
4540:[مذہبِ عشق معروف بہ گلِ بکاؤلی].
2587:, and he wrote works both in Persian and
2544:who wrote elaborately drawn stories like
2342:Influenced by the historical romances of
1976:Some of Momin's pupils in poetry such as
1924:
1750:Important writers of this period include
175:Learn how and when to remove this message
110:Learn how and when to remove this message
6894:Electronics Corporation of India Limited
4944:
4218:
4013:
3977:
3308:
3109:, as well as notable women writers like
2917:also focused on moral lessons for youth.
2725:
2706:
2416:, on the predicament of a prostitute in
1824:
1411:). Urdu literature is popular mostly in
152:of all important aspects of the article.
73:This article includes a list of general
7190:Mahavir Harina Vanasthali National Park
6288:Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation
5089:Noorul Hasnain- 'Naya Afsana-Naye Naam.
5068:Your Essence, Martyr: Pakistani Elegies
5025:Early Urdu Literary Culture and History
4832:
4650:Dutt, Kartik Chandra (1 January 1999).
4153:Urdu literature - History and criticism
3888:
3841:
3817:
3802:
3790:
3778:
3766:
3754:
3742:
3730:
3718:
3706:
3274:
2567:
2447:, Krishan Prasad Kaul, and L.M. Ahmed.
1949:. Other poets included Anis and Dabir.
16:Literary works written in Urdu language
7393:
6960:Hyderabad Multi-Modal Transport System
6803:MediCiti Institute of Medical Sciences
4958:"Major Trends in the Urdu Short Story"
4955:
4893:. Edinburgh University Press. p.
4790:
4653:Who's who of Indian Writers, 1999: A-M
4500:Hakim sayyid Shamsullah Qadri (1954).
4323:(in Urdu). p. 228. Archived from
4111:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
4049:
4001:
3694:
3682:
3670:
3658:
3646:
3634:
3622:
3610:
3577:
3562:
3550:
3538:
3526:
3514:
3502:
3490:
3478:
3466:
3295:
3172:is the culmination of this tradition.
2815:by Ghazanfer. These works, especially
2250:, a biography of Syed Ahmad Khan, and
1821:First Urdu period in Delhi (1730–1830)
148:Please consider expanding the lead to
6775:Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences
6718:Maulana Azad National Urdu University
6187:
5572:
5556:Pakistan Federal Union of Journalists
5410:
5160:
5027:(Delhi: Oxford University Press) 2001
4988:
4911:
4886:
4676:
4064:"Solemnity envelops Qutb Shahi tombs"
4025:
3989:
3965:
3941:
3900:
3853:
3829:
3248:
1379:. While, It tends to be dominated by
7185:Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park
6808:Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences
6213:
5133:
4649:
4294:"Tareekh Zuban Urdu - Urdu-E-Qadeem"
4062:J. S. Ifthekhar (January 12, 2012).
3444:. Sagar Publications. Archived from
3431:
2610:
2479:in 1932 marked the beginning of the
1383:, especially the verse forms of the
121:
59:
18:
4853:
4712:"The problem of popular literature"
4455:Murattib Shams Ullah Qadri (1938).
4037:
3953:
3929:
3912:
3876:
3438:Bhattacharya, Vivek Ranjan (1982).
3350:
3340:
2988:"Jannat Kay Pattay" by Nemrah Ahmed
2742:
2399:
2150:(A Series of Essays on the Life of
2128:
1362:
13:
7322:G. M. C. Balayogi Athletic Stadium
7011:Hyderabad Bus Rapid Transit System
6934:Rajiv Gandhi International Airport
6790:Deccan College of Medical Sciences
6612:Telangana State Archaeology Museum
5032:An Anthology of Modern Urdu Poetry
5010:
4856:"Urdu Fiction and Krishan Chandar"
4611:Umrao Jaan Ada by Mirza Hadi Ruswa
3122:the partition of the sub-continent
79:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
7422:
5111:
4620:Umrao Jaan at sasw.chass.ncsu.edu
4315:Sayyed Shams Ullah Qadri (1967).
4246:Sayyed Shams Ullah Qadri (1925).
3283:
2422:, the problems of the farmers in
34:This article has multiple issues.
7374:
5734:
5728:
5722:
5716:
5046:The Worlds of Muslim Imagination
4797:. Association Press (Y.M.C.A.).
4784:
4436:Sayyid Shamsullah Qadri (1930).
4394:Sayyid ShamsUllah Qadri (1931).
4364:Sayyed ShamsUllah Qadri (1925).
4269:Sayyed ShamsUllah Qadri (1930).
4166:Sayyed ShamsUllah Qadri (1930).
3003:Khuda Ke Saaye Mein Ankh Micholi
2846:
2219:Safar Nama e Rome-o-Misr-o-Sham,
2209:), Mawlana Rumi (a biography of
2113:in Indian vernacular languages.
1118:
1070:
203:
126:
64:
23:
7021:Vijayawada–Hyderabad Expressway
6293:Hyderabad District Collectorate
5853:Sohagi Barwa Wildlife Sanctuary
5798:Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary
4791:Bailey, Thomas Grahame (1932).
4754:
4737:"ابنِ صفی کا ادبی مقام و مرتبہ"
4729:
4704:
4695:
4677:Naeem, Raza (23 January 2022).
4670:
4643:
4623:
4592:
4580:
4562:
4548:
4538:"Mazhab-i-Ishq (Gul-e-Bakawli)"
4530:
4512:
4493:
4474:
4448:
4429:
4406:
4387:
4357:
4353:. Lucknow: Matba naval Kishore.
4338:
4308:
4285:
4262:
4239:
4212:
4189:Syed Shams Ullah Qadri (1933).
4182:
4159:
4141:
4119:
4074:
4055:
3583:
2689:Qissa-i Malik Mahmūd Gīti-Afroz
2389:
2327:. His other notable novels are
2256:, a biography and criticism on
2053:(Funeral Pyre of Padmani), and
1983:
1914:
1868:. Urdu poetry was dominated by
1815:
140:may be too short to adequately
42:or discuss these issues on the
7001:Hyderabad Elevated Expressways
6909:Software industry in Telangana
6853:List of hospitals in Hyderabad
5396:Uddin & Begum Romanisation
5140:Samuel Hosain Lamarti (2002).
4914:"Twentieth Century Urdu Novel"
3031:Short stories (afsanah nigari)
2467:, a short story collection by
2282:about marriage. He also wrote
2096:Until the nineteenth century,
2037:(The Dust of the Motherland),
1762:Urdu in the Deccan (1590–1730)
1157:Regional or dialectal variants
248:(father of Urdu literature) -
150:provide an accessible overview
1:
7223:Statue of Equality (Ramanuja)
5904:Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Parishad
5391:Progressive Writers' Movement
4762:"ادبی شہرت یا عوامی مقبولیت؟"
4442:Geography. Biography. History
4400:GEOGRAPHY. BIOGRAPHY. HISTORY
3424:
3409:Progressive Writers' Movement
3013:Ek Mamnua Muhabbat Ki Kahani
2671:) by Hyderbakhsh Hyderi, and
2669:The Adornment of the Assembly
2481:Progressive Writers' Movement
2457:Progressive Writers' Movement
2451:Progressive Writers’ Movement
2263:
1773:Qutub Shahi poets (1590–1687)
7342:Famous people from Hyderabad
5803:Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary
5061:A History of Urdu Literature
4992:A history of Urdu literature
4945:Flemming, Leslie A. (1985).
4836:A History of Urdu Literature
4818:. Harvard University Press.
4794:A History of Urdu Literature
4219:Schimmel, Annemarie (1980).
3265:
3260:Progressive Writers Movement
3254:Progressive Writers Movement
3243:Aur Kitne Jalyanwala Baugh??
2773:Mehr Lal Soni Zia Fatehabadi
2683:by Husain ‘Atā Khān Tahsīn,
2142:, the leading figure of the
2092:Fort William College writers
1792:Adil Shahi poets (1590–1688)
1707:Religious period (1350–1590)
7:
7347:Neighbourhoods of Hyderabad
7317:Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium
5889:Government of Uttar Pradesh
4419:Tareekh Hindustani Musalman
3394:List of Urdu language poets
3382:
3258:According to The Dawn, the
2733:, a 13th-century Urdu poet.
2715:
2088:(Fragrant Stick of India).
1953:Second Urdu period in Delhi
1786:Qissa o bairam e Gul andman
1784:, a romance in 1300 lines.
1369:
10:
7427:
7362:List of technology centers
7213:Telangana Martyrs Memorial
7016:Mahatma Gandhi Bus Station
6163:Uttar Pradesh cricket team
6116:Hindustani classical music
6095:Hindustani classical music
5909:Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha
5763:Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary
5751:Geography of Uttar Pradesh
5081:The Annual of Urdu Studies
4833:Saksena, Ram Babu (1927).
4481:Shamsullah Quadri (1930).
4345:Shamsullah Quadri (1967).
4292:Sayyed Shams Ullah Qadri.
3345:) and popular literature (
3216:Kuchh Ishq kiya Kuchh Kaam
3151:
2897:Everything Happens in Life
2754:
2719:
2614:
2454:
2394:
2132:
1765:
252:(father of Urdu poetry) -
7370:
7334:
7302:
7261:
7245:
7236:
7203:
7173:
7098:
7085:LGBT culture in Hyderabad
7033:
6988:
6975:Kacheguda railway station
6947:
6926:
6917:
6861:
6843:
6816:
6767:
6731:
6695:
6688:
6665:
6640:
6597:
6518:Karmanghat Hanuman Temple
6498:
6434:
6351:
6342:
6311:
6280:
6222:
6150:
6134:
6103:
6072:
6031:
5952:
5881:
5743:
5714:
5628:Painted Grey Ware culture
5610:
5499:
5448:
5343:
5320:
5290:
5249:
5242:
5194:
4666:– via Google Books.
4413:Sayyid Shamsullah Qadri.
4372:(in Urdu). Archived from
3228:Main Gaya Waqt Nahin hoon
2877:The Daughters of the Bier
2786:
2703:by Muhammad Husain Azad.
2641:The Garden of Imagination
2189:who wrote on literature.
2163:Aligarh Institute Gazette
1919:
1430:
346:
327:
312:
307:
296:
291:
276:
271:
244:
239:
224:
217:
196:
189:
7401:Urdu-language literature
6970:Hyderabad Deccan Railway
6899:Dr. Reddy's Laboratories
6824:List of business schools
6713:NALSAR University of Law
6262:Great Musi Flood of 1908
6142:Economy of Uttar Pradesh
6080:Culture of Uttar Pradesh
5818:Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary
5768:Chandra Prabha Sanctuary
5618:History of Uttar Pradesh
5186:
4989:Sadiq, Muhammad (1995).
4572:[نو طرزِ مرصع].
4155:. Lucknow : , 1930.
3599:Russell & Islam 1968
2695:by Shāh Husain Haqīqat,
2691:) by Mihr Chand Khatrī,
2663:) by Nihalchand Lahori,
2367:
2323:which was influenced by
2060:
1532:Medieval to early Modern
1425:Eighth Schedule language
314:Anjuman-i Taraqqi-i Urdu
7352:List of cities in India
7205:Monuments and memorials
7195:Mrugavani National Park
7102:in and around Hyderabad
6904:Industries in Hyderabad
6780:Osmania Medical College
6703:University of Hyderabad
6490:Jalagam Vengal Rao Park
6272:Annexation of Hyderabad
5882:Government and politics
5813:Mahavir Swami Sanctuary
5023:Shamsur Rahman Faruqi:
4351:Urdu language - History
3359:and other writers like
3220:Chand Roz Aur Meri Jaan
2604:Sayyid Shamsullah Qadri
2511:Ek Gadhe ki Sargushisht
2475:, Mahmud-uz-Zafar, and
2315:Ratan Nath Dhar Sarshar
2057:(The Laments of Sita).
1858:Shaikh Zahuruddin Hatim
1778:Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah
94:more precise citations.
7357:List of largest cities
7269:Hyderabad Cricket Team
6795:Gandhi Medical College
6732:Technical institutions
6528:Chilkoor Balaji Temple
6111:Music of Uttar Pradesh
6090:Music of Uttar Pradesh
5833:Pilibhit Tiger Reserve
5335:Hindi-Urdu controversy
5016:Muhammad Husain Azad:
4912:Komal, Balraj (2002).
4522:[باغ و بہار].
3419:Hindustani orthography
3224:Dilli Jo Ek Shehr Thaa
2777:Salaam Machhalishahari
2734:
2707:Tazkiras (narrations)
2677:The Flower Bed of Chin
2581:Indian classical music
2177:who wrote on history,
2055:Sitaji-ki-Giria-o-Zari
1925:Urdu poetry in Lucknow
1834:
1729:Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah
1727:and took the title of
1260:Hindustani orthography
1240:Hindi–Urdu controversy
7228:B. R. Ambedkar statue
7090:Hyderabad Queer Pride
6980:Secunderabad Junction
6965:South Central Railway
6648:Durgam Cheruvu Bridge
6632:State Central Library
6442:Nehru Zoological Park
6334:Telangana Legislature
6319:Telangana Secretariat
5868:Vijai Sagar Sanctuary
5863:Sur Sarovar Sanctuary
5808:Lakh Bahosi Sanctuary
4956:Narang, G.C. (1973).
3314:Theatre of the Absurd
3309:Theatre of the Absurd
2729:
2653:The Garden and Spring
2414:Hum Khurma-O Hum Swab
2084:(the Royal Urdu) and
1892:often referred to as
1828:
7381:Hyderabad portal
6889:Nuclear Fuel Complex
6675:List of institutions
6617:Birla Science Museum
6085:Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb
5919:Uttar Pradesh Police
5914:Allahabad High Court
5848:Sandi Bird Sanctuary
5828:Patna Bird Sanctuary
5783:Hastinapur Sanctuary
5778:Dudhwa Tiger Reserve
5773:Dudhwa National Park
5522:Books and publishing
4924:(2 (208)): 157–167.
4887:Ahmad, Aziz (1969).
4631:"The journey within"
4570:"Nau Tarz-i Murassa"
4298:Urdu Zuban - Tareekh
4271:"Nizam Ut Tawareekh"
4191:"Moorrakheen-E-Hind"
4172:Hindustan - Malabaar
4168:"Tareekh - Malabaar"
4127:"Salateen E Muabber"
4028:, pp. 584, 585.
3968:, pp. 160, 161.
3944:, pp. 606, 607.
3805:, pp. 242, 243.
3404:Pakistani literature
3399:List of Urdu writers
3275:Halqa e Arbab e Zauq
3142:Taus Chaman Ka Maina
3091:Syed Muhammad Ashraf
2811:by Abdus Samad, and
2661:The Religion of Love
2645:The Garden of Khayal
2568:Special contributors
2352:Malikul Azia Vārjina
2294:Muhammad Husain Azad
2103:Fort William College
1998:Muhammad Husain Azad
1797:Ibrahim Adil Shah II
1743:came to be known as
1721:Muhammad bin Tughluq
1415:, where Urdu is the
1316:Phonological history
7279:Sunrisers Hyderabad
6723:Mahindra University
6555:Kulsum Begum Masjid
6421:Heritage structures
6416:Moazzam Jahi Market
6344:Tourist attractions
6324:Rashtrapati Nilayam
6267:Telangana Rebellion
6247:Nizams of Hyderabad
4656:. Sahitya Akademi.
4321:Urdu Adab - Tareekh
4222:Tuhfat al-mujahidin
3891:, pp. 279–281.
3757:, pp. 223–225.
3721:, pp. 205–206.
3296:Independent writers
3170:Agha Hashr Kashmiri
3056:Rajinder Singh Bedi
2982:"Daira" (دائرہ) by
2979:by Shaukat Siddiqui
2971:by Abdullah Hussain
2915:Deputy Nazeer Ahmed
2911:Repentance of Nasuh
2697:Nau Tarz-i Murassa‘
2681:Nau Tarz-i Murassa‘
2632:Dastan-i-Amir Hamza
2503:published in 1942.
2234:Apart from poetry,
2201:, Sirat an-Nu'man,
1894:Masnavi e Mir Hasan
1137:Hindustani language
1044:Karagöz and Hacivat
7294:Hyderabad HotShots
7253:Hyderabad Marathon
7075:Hyderabadi Muslims
7053:Hyderabadi biryani
6708:Osmania University
6565:Musheerabad Masjid
6381:Chowmahalla Palace
6237:Qutb Shahi Dynasty
5944:Urban Local Bodies
5843:Samaspur Sanctuary
5536:Academy of Letters
5070:Plainview (2011).
4854:Sud, K.N. (1977).
4839:. Ram Narain Lal.
4716:The News on Sunday
4616:2009-06-09 at the
4506:Pakistan - History
3481:, pp. 15, 16.
3249:Literary movements
3138:Moinuddin Jinabade
3107:Moinuddin Jinabade
2984:Muhammad Asim Butt
2921:Fasaana-e-Mubtalaa
2901:Chaudhry Afzal Haq
2859:The Bride's Mirror
2835:by S M Ashraf and
2833:Numberdar Ka Neela
2794:partition of India
2735:
2542:Saadat Hasan Manto
2519:Zindagi ke Mor Par
2348:Abdul Halim Sharar
2280:conduct literature
2270:Nazir Ahmad Dehlvi
2236:Altaf Hussain Hali
2225:Tarikh-e-Hindustan
2123:Hindustani Grammar
2111:East India Company
2039:Urus-i-Hubbi-Watan
2002:Altaf Hussain Hali
1959:Bahadur Shah Zafar
1835:
1810:Wali Mohammed Wali
1297:Linguistic history
479:Azerbaijani carpet
7388:
7387:
7330:
7329:
7289:Hyderabad Sultans
7058:Hyderabadi haleem
7029:
7028:
6839:
6838:
6661:
6660:
6607:Salar Jung Museum
6550:Khairtabad Mosque
6426:Sultan Nagar Fort
6411:British Residency
6396:King Kothi Palace
6391:Taramati Baradari
6252:Asaf Jahi dynasty
6242:Siege of Golconda
6232:Hasmathpet cairns
6181:
6180:
5939:Political parties
5858:Suhelva Sanctuary
5793:Kaimoor Sanctuary
5788:Kachhua Sanctuary
5758:Bakhira Sanctuary
5566:
5565:
5404:
5403:
5316:
5315:
5106:978-81-8223-491-8
5095:978-93-81029-29-9
5002:978-0-19-563145-6
4962:Indian Literature
4951:. Vanguard Books.
4918:Indian Literature
4904:978-0-85224-057-1
4860:Indian Literature
4846:978-81-7435-161-6
4825:978-0-674-88980-4
4804:978-81-7000-080-8
4502:"Pracina malabar"
4457:"Shijrah Asifiya"
3697:, pp. 70–74.
3661:, pp. 61–63.
3637:, pp. 53–59.
3565:, pp. 28–29.
3529:, pp. 22–25.
3325:Graveyard Flowers
3290:Gopi Chand Narang
3103:Akhlaq Ahmed Khan
3075:Qazi Abdul Sattar
3071:Qurratulain Hyder
3022:" by Rahman Abbas
3015:" by Rahman Abbas
2951:Quratulain Haider
2611:Dāstāngoi (epics)
2441:Majnun Gorakhpuri
2380:Agha Hasan Amanat
2242:, a biography of
2157:Tehzeeb-ul-Akhlaq
2031:Suroor Jahanabadi
1990:Rebellion of 1857
1725:Bahmani Sultanate
1672:
1671:
1439:Indian literature
1423:, where it is an
1417:national language
1352:
1351:
1113:
1112:
375:
374:
331:Literature Portal
185:
184:
177:
167:
166:
120:
119:
112:
57:
7418:
7379:
7378:
7243:
7242:
7218:Qutb Shahi Tombs
7177:around Hyderabad
7140:Saroornagar Lake
7070:Telangana Bhasha
7063:Hyderabadi marag
6939:Begumpet Airport
6924:
6923:
6817:Business schools
6768:Medical colleges
6693:
6692:
6689:Higher education
6533:Jagannath Temple
6475:Sanjeevaiah Park
6462:Ramoji Film City
6386:Qutb Shahi tombs
6371:Falaknuma Palace
6349:
6348:
6312:Public buildings
6208:
6201:
6194:
6185:
6184:
5738:
5732:
5726:
5720:
5593:
5586:
5579:
5570:
5569:
5431:
5424:
5417:
5408:
5407:
5247:
5246:
5181:
5174:
5167:
5158:
5157:
5153:
5059:Muhammad Sadiq,
5044:Alamgir Hashmi,
5006:
4985:
4968:(1/2): 113–132.
4952:
4941:
4908:
4883:
4850:
4829:
4808:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4773:
4758:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4747:
4733:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4722:
4708:
4702:
4699:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4674:
4668:
4667:
4647:
4641:
4640:
4639:. 31 March 2016.
4627:
4621:
4608:
4602:
4596:
4590:
4584:
4578:
4577:
4566:
4560:
4559:
4552:
4546:
4545:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4516:
4510:
4509:
4497:
4491:
4490:
4478:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4452:
4446:
4445:
4433:
4427:
4426:
4415:"Asaarul Karaam"
4410:
4404:
4403:
4396:"Tarikh Vol III"
4391:
4385:
4384:
4382:
4381:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4342:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4312:
4306:
4305:
4289:
4283:
4282:
4266:
4260:
4259:
4243:
4237:
4236:
4216:
4210:
4209:
4207:
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4186:
4180:
4179:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4145:
4139:
4138:
4136:
4134:
4123:
4117:
4116:
4110:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4093:
4087:. Archived from
4086:
4078:
4072:
4071:
4059:
4053:
4047:
4041:
4035:
4029:
4023:
4017:
4011:
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3512:
3506:
3500:
3494:
3488:
3482:
3476:
3470:
3464:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3453:
3435:
3354:
3353:
3344:
3343:
3320:Mazaron Ke Phool
3095:Salam Bin Razzaq
3038:Munshi Premchand
2913:; 1873–1874) by
2899:; 1933–1934) by
2831:by Sarwat Khan,
2769:Noon Meem Rashid
2746:
2745:
2685:Nau Ā'īn-i Hindī
2655:) by Mir Amman,
2624:
2585:Hindustani music
2400:Age of Premchand
2358:Mirza Hadi Ruswa
2229:Zakaullah Dehlvi
2175:Zakaullah Dehlvi
2144:Aligarh Movement
2135:Aligarh Movement
2129:Aligarh movement
2051:Padmani-ki-Chita
2023:. He also wrote
2021:Qasida e Ghyasia
1768:Deccani language
1756:Miraj ul Asiquin
1664:
1657:
1650:
1435:
1434:
1410:
1402:
1392:
1374:
1371:“Adbiyāt-i Urdū”
1366:
1365:
1344:
1337:
1330:
1250:Hindi literature
1245:Persian and Urdu
1122:
1115:
1114:
1105:
1098:
1091:
1077:Islam portal
1075:
1074:
1073:
377:
376:
367:
360:
353:
264:(Baba-e-Urdu) -
207:
187:
186:
180:
173:
162:
159:
153:
130:
122:
115:
108:
104:
101:
95:
90:this article by
81:inline citations
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60:
49:
27:
26:
19:
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7406:Islamic culture
7391:
7390:
7389:
7384:
7373:
7366:
7326:
7298:
7274:Deccan Chargers
7257:
7232:
7199:
7176:
7175:National parks
7169:
7165:Khajaguda Talab
7101:
7094:
7080:Hyderabadi Urdu
7025:
7006:Outer Ring Road
6984:
6955:Hyderabad Metro
6943:
6913:
6857:
6835:
6812:
6763:
6727:
6684:
6680:List of schools
6657:
6636:
6599:
6593:
6500:
6494:
6430:
6353:
6338:
6307:
6276:
6257:Hyderabad State
6218:
6212:
6182:
6177:
6146:
6130:
6104:Music and dance
6099:
6068:
6027:
5948:
5899:Chief Ministers
5877:
5838:Saman Sanctuary
5823:Okhla Sanctuary
5739:
5733:
5727:
5721:
5712:
5678:Delhi Sultanate
5606:
5597:
5567:
5562:
5495:
5444:
5435:
5405:
5400:
5339:
5312:
5298:Aurangabad Urdu
5286:
5238:
5190:
5185:
5136:
5134:Further reading
5114:
5013:
5011:Further reading
5003:
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4648:
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4629:
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4624:
4618:Wayback Machine
4609:
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4132:
4130:
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4120:
4104:
4103:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4084:
4082:"Archived copy"
4080:
4079:
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4060:
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4012:
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3427:
3385:
3365:Mohiuddin Nawab
3333:
3311:
3298:
3286:
3277:
3268:
3256:
3251:
3204:Danish Iqbal's
3154:
3115:Wajida Tabassum
3060:Krishan Chander
3033:
2962:Khadija Mastoor
2907:Taubat-un-Nasuh
2881:Mirat-tul-uroos
2849:
2789:
2765:Akhtar Sheerani
2757:
2724:
2718:
2709:
2701:Talism Hoshruba
2665:Araish-i-Mahfil
2637:Bustan-i Khayal
2619:
2613:
2597:Quli Qutub Shah
2570:
2523:Hum Waishi Hain
2507:Krishan Chander
2459:
2453:
2424:Gosha-e Aafiat,
2402:
2397:
2392:
2370:
2302:Darbār-e akbarī
2266:
2253:Yadgar-e-Ghalib
2140:Syed Ahmed Khan
2137:
2131:
2094:
2070:Lataif-i-Ghalib
2063:
2013:Musaddas e Hali
1994:Syed Ahmad Khan
1986:
1955:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1890:Sihar-ul-Bayan,
1823:
1818:
1806:
1794:
1775:
1770:
1764:
1733:Delhi Sultanate
1717:Alauddin Khalji
1709:
1668:
1507:Extinct Kannada
1433:
1355:Urdu literature
1348:
1255:Urdu literature
1223:
1222:
1205:
1194:
1178:
1109:
1071:
1069:
441:Sudano-Sahelian
390:Islamic culture
371:
341:Pakistan Portal
338:
333:
329:
328:Related Portals
322:Literary Prizes
320:
316:
232:
228:
219:Urdu literature
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190:Urdu literature
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7162:
7160:Khajaguda Lake
7157:
7155:Durgam Cheruvu
7152:
7147:
7142:
7137:
7135:Safilguda Lake
7132:
7130:Shamirpet Lake
7127:
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6622:Nizam's Museum
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6523:Pedamma Temple
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6492:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6472:
6467:
6464:
6459:
6454:
6449:
6447:Public Gardens
6444:
6438:
6436:
6432:
6431:
6429:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
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5559:
5558:
5553:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5524:
5519:
5509:
5503:
5501:
5500:Related topics
5497:
5496:
5494:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5452:
5450:
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5426:
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5402:
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5393:
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5300:
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5176:
5169:
5161:
5155:
5154:
5135:
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5130:
5125:
5120:
5113:
5112:External links
5110:
5109:
5108:
5098:
5087:
5084:
5078:
5064:
5057:
5042:
5030:M.A.R. Habib:
5028:
5021:
5012:
5009:
5008:
5007:
5001:
4986:
4953:
4942:
4909:
4903:
4884:
4866:(4): 122–127.
4851:
4845:
4830:
4824:
4809:
4803:
4786:
4783:
4780:
4779:
4768:. 23 July 2011
4753:
4728:
4703:
4694:
4669:
4662:
4642:
4622:
4603:
4591:
4579:
4561:
4547:
4529:
4520:"Bagh-o-Bahar"
4511:
4492:
4473:
4447:
4428:
4425:on 2013-09-27.
4405:
4386:
4356:
4347:"Urdu-i-qadim"
4337:
4307:
4304:on 2013-09-27.
4284:
4281:on 2013-09-27.
4261:
4258:on 2013-09-27.
4238:
4231:
4211:
4181:
4178:on 2013-09-27.
4158:
4149:"Urdu-i-qadim"
4140:
4118:
4073:
4054:
4052:, p. 120.
4042:
4040:, p. 127.
4030:
4018:
4006:
4004:, p. 115.
3994:
3992:, p. 161.
3982:
3970:
3958:
3956:, p. 126.
3946:
3934:
3932:, p. 125.
3917:
3915:, p. 124.
3905:
3903:, p. 110.
3893:
3881:
3879:, p. 123.
3858:
3856:, p. 361.
3846:
3844:, p. 272.
3834:
3832:, p. 333.
3822:
3820:, p. 243.
3807:
3795:
3793:, p. 239.
3783:
3781:, p. 263.
3771:
3769:, p. 225.
3759:
3747:
3745:, p. 214.
3735:
3723:
3711:
3709:, p. 150.
3699:
3687:
3675:
3663:
3651:
3639:
3627:
3615:
3603:
3591:
3582:
3567:
3555:
3543:
3531:
3519:
3507:
3495:
3483:
3471:
3459:
3448:on 2 July 2023
3429:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3384:
3381:
3369:Ilyas Sitapuri
3352:مقبولِ عام ادب
3332:
3329:
3310:
3307:
3297:
3294:
3285:
3284:Post-modernism
3282:
3276:
3273:
3267:
3264:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3177:Indian theatre
3158:Wajid Ali Shah
3153:
3150:
3126:Paigham Afaqui
3087:Paigham Afaqui
3064:Ismat Chughtai
3032:
3029:
3024:
3023:
3016:
3009:
2999:
2989:
2986:
2980:
2972:
2964:
2953:
2942:
2924:
2918:
2904:
2888:
2885:Mira-tul-Uroos
2870:
2866:Umrao Jaan Ada
2862:
2854:Mirat-ul-Uroos
2848:
2845:
2805:Paigham Afaqui
2788:
2785:
2756:
2753:
2720:Main article:
2717:
2714:
2708:
2705:
2615:Main article:
2612:
2609:
2569:
2566:
2551:Toba Tek Singh
2487:Ismat Chughtai
2452:
2449:
2445:Niaz Fatehpuri
2410:Isare-e-Muabid
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2369:
2366:
2362:Umrao Jaan Ada
2288:Toba tun Nasoh
2275:Mirat-ul-Uroos
2265:
2262:
2183:Mohsin-ul-Mulk
2130:
2127:
2115:John Gilchrist
2093:
2090:
2062:
2059:
2017:Shikwa e Hind,
1985:
1982:
1969:, Azurda, and
1954:
1951:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
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1543:
1535:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1497:
1496:
1494:Early Medieval
1490:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1485:Vedic Sanskrit
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1455:Ancient Meitei
1449:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1432:
1429:
1364:ادبیاتِ اُردُو
1350:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1339:
1332:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1308:
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1123:
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790:
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756:
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654:
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634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
581:
580:
574:
573:
572:
571:
566:
564:Turkish carpet
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
539:Persian carpet
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
474:Arabian carpet
468:
467:
461:
460:
459:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
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413:
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325:
324:
310:
309:
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304:
294:
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274:
273:
269:
268:
266:Muhammad Iqbal
242:
241:
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236:
222:
221:
215:
214:
202:
201:
200:
199:
198:
197:
194:
193:
192:ادبیاتِ اُردُو
183:
182:
165:
164:
144:the key points
134:
132:
125:
118:
117:
72:
70:
63:
58:
32:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7423:
7412:
7411:Arts in India
7409:
7407:
7404:
7402:
7399:
7398:
7396:
7383:
7382:
7377:
7369:
7363:
7360:
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7148:
7146:
7145:Mir Alam Tank
7143:
7141:
7138:
7136:
7133:
7131:
7128:
7126:
7125:Himayat Sagar
7123:
7121:
7118:
7116:
7115:Hussain Sagar
7113:
7111:
7108:
7107:
7105:
7103:
7100:Water bodies
7097:
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6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6874:Genome Valley
6872:
6870:
6867:
6866:
6864:
6860:
6854:
6851:
6850:
6848:
6846:
6842:
6830:
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6809:
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6709:
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6698:
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6691:
6687:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6672:
6670:
6668:
6664:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6645:
6643:
6639:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6604:
6602:
6596:
6588:
6585:
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6575:
6574:
6573:
6570:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6545:Makkah Masjid
6543:
6542:
6541:
6538:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6510:
6509:
6506:
6505:
6503:
6497:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6440:
6439:
6437:
6433:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6358:
6356:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6341:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6316:
6314:
6310:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6285:
6283:
6279:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6229:
6227:
6225:
6221:
6216:
6209:
6204:
6202:
6197:
6195:
6190:
6189:
6186:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6155:
6153:
6149:
6143:
6140:
6139:
6137:
6133:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6108:
6106:
6102:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6077:
6075:
6071:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6036:
6034:
6030:
6022:
6019:
6018:
6017:
6014:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6001:
6000:
5999:Eastern Hindi
5997:
5993:
5990:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5977:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5962:
5961:
5960:Western Hindi
5958:
5957:
5955:
5951:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5886:
5884:
5880:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5748:
5746:
5742:
5737:
5731:
5725:
5719:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5683:Mughal Empire
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5638:Mahajanapadas
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5623:Late Harappan
5621:
5619:
5616:
5615:
5613:
5609:
5605:
5604:Uttar Pradesh
5601:
5594:
5589:
5587:
5582:
5580:
5575:
5574:
5571:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5548:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5528:
5527:Pak Tea House
5525:
5523:
5520:
5517:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5504:
5502:
5498:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5439:
5432:
5427:
5425:
5420:
5418:
5413:
5412:
5409:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5348:
5346:
5342:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5330:Urdu movement
5328:
5327:
5325:
5323:
5319:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5289:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5257:Standard Urdu
5255:
5254:
5252:
5248:
5245:
5241:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5196:
5193:
5189:
5182:
5177:
5175:
5170:
5168:
5163:
5162:
5159:
5151:
5147:
5143:
5138:
5137:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5107:
5103:
5099:
5096:
5092:
5088:
5085:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5076:9789699670008
5073:
5069:
5065:
5062:
5058:
5055:
5054:0-00-500407-1
5051:
5047:
5043:
5041:
5040:0-87352-797-6
5037:
5033:
5029:
5026:
5022:
5019:
5015:
5014:
5004:
4998:
4994:
4993:
4987:
4983:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4967:
4963:
4959:
4954:
4950:
4949:
4943:
4939:
4935:
4931:
4927:
4923:
4919:
4915:
4910:
4906:
4900:
4896:
4892:
4891:
4885:
4881:
4877:
4873:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4857:
4852:
4848:
4842:
4838:
4837:
4831:
4827:
4821:
4817:
4816:
4810:
4806:
4800:
4796:
4795:
4789:
4788:
4785:Cited sources
4767:
4766:BBC News Urdu
4763:
4757:
4742:
4738:
4732:
4717:
4713:
4707:
4698:
4684:
4680:
4673:
4665:
4663:9788126008735
4659:
4655:
4654:
4646:
4638:
4637:
4632:
4626:
4619:
4615:
4612:
4607:
4601:
4595:
4589:
4583:
4575:
4571:
4565:
4557:
4551:
4543:
4539:
4533:
4525:
4521:
4515:
4507:
4503:
4496:
4488:
4484:
4477:
4463:on 2019-04-17
4462:
4458:
4451:
4443:
4439:
4432:
4424:
4420:
4416:
4409:
4401:
4397:
4390:
4376:on 2016-03-03
4375:
4371:
4367:
4360:
4352:
4348:
4341:
4327:on 2016-03-03
4326:
4322:
4318:
4311:
4303:
4299:
4295:
4288:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4265:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4242:
4234:
4228:
4224:
4223:
4215:
4201:on 2014-10-18
4200:
4196:
4192:
4185:
4177:
4173:
4169:
4162:
4154:
4150:
4144:
4128:
4122:
4114:
4108:
4094:on 2013-09-28
4090:
4083:
4077:
4069:
4065:
4058:
4051:
4046:
4039:
4034:
4027:
4022:
4016:, p. 24.
4015:
4014:Flemming 1985
4010:
4003:
3998:
3991:
3986:
3980:, p. 23.
3979:
3978:Flemming 1985
3974:
3967:
3962:
3955:
3950:
3943:
3938:
3931:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3914:
3909:
3902:
3897:
3890:
3885:
3878:
3873:
3871:
3869:
3867:
3865:
3863:
3855:
3850:
3843:
3838:
3831:
3826:
3819:
3814:
3812:
3804:
3799:
3792:
3787:
3780:
3775:
3768:
3763:
3756:
3751:
3744:
3739:
3732:
3727:
3720:
3715:
3708:
3703:
3696:
3691:
3685:, p. 70.
3684:
3679:
3673:, p. 67.
3672:
3667:
3660:
3655:
3649:, p. 60.
3648:
3643:
3636:
3631:
3625:, p. 52.
3624:
3619:
3613:, p. 46.
3612:
3607:
3600:
3595:
3586:
3580:, p. 33.
3579:
3574:
3572:
3564:
3559:
3553:, p. 27.
3552:
3547:
3541:, p. 26.
3540:
3535:
3528:
3523:
3517:, p. 20.
3516:
3511:
3505:, p. 17.
3504:
3499:
3493:, p. 15.
3492:
3487:
3480:
3475:
3469:, p. 14.
3468:
3463:
3447:
3443:
3442:
3434:
3430:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3380:
3378:
3377:Ishtiaq Ahmed
3374:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3361:Humayun Iqbal
3358:
3348:
3338:
3328:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3315:
3306:
3304:
3293:
3291:
3281:
3272:
3263:
3261:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3208:
3202:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3190:
3184:
3180:
3178:
3173:
3171:
3167:
3166:Parsi Theatre
3163:
3159:
3149:
3147:
3146:Nayyer Masood
3143:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3079:Joginder Paul
3076:
3072:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3028:
3021:
3017:
3014:
3010:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2968:Udaas Naslain
2965:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2952:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2935:
2930:
2929:
2928:Jasoosi Dunya
2925:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2873:Binat-ul-Nash
2871:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2860:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2850:
2847:Famous novels
2844:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2809:Do Gaz Zameen
2806:
2802:
2801:
2795:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2752:
2750:
2740:
2737:Urdu poetry (
2732:
2728:
2723:
2713:
2704:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2673:Gulzar-i-Chin
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2657:Mazhab-i-Ishq
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2633:
2626:
2618:
2608:
2605:
2601:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2469:Sajjad Zaheer
2466:
2465:
2458:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2437:
2435:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2421:
2420:
2419:Bazaar-e-Husn
2415:
2411:
2406:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2376:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2333:Jam-i-Sarshar
2330:
2329:Sair-i-Kohsar
2326:
2322:
2321:
2320:Fasana-e-Azad
2316:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2303:
2299:
2298:Qisas ul-hind
2295:
2291:
2289:
2285:
2284:Binat-un-Nash
2281:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2248:Hayat-i Javed
2245:
2241:
2240:Hayat-i Saadi
2237:
2232:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2198:Sirat-un-Nabi
2194:
2193:Shibli Nomani
2190:
2188:
2187:Waqar-ul-Mulk
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2171:Shibli Nomani
2167:
2165:
2164:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2082:Urdu-i-Mualla
2079:
2078:Nama-i-Ghalib
2075:
2071:
2067:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1981:
1979:
1974:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1897:
1895:
1891:
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1883:
1879:
1875:
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1863:
1859:
1855:
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1842:
1841:
1832:
1827:
1813:
1811:
1801:
1798:
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1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1406:
1398:
1397:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1377:Urdu language
1373:
1372:
1360:
1356:
1345:
1340:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1311:Kinship terms
1309:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
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1235:
1232:
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1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
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1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1161:
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1158:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
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1142:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1106:
1101:
1099:
1094:
1092:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
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1047:
1045:
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1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
971:Mappilappattu
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
941:Gendang beleq
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
918:
917:
916:
913:
910:
909:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
828:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
798:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
778:Crimean Tatar
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
760:
759:
758:
755:
752:
751:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
687:
686:
685:
682:
679:
678:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
584:
583:
582:
579:
576:
575:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
509:Iznik pottery
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
471:
470:
469:
466:
463:
462:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
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409:
407:
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403:
402:
401:
398:
395:
394:
391:
388:
387:
383:
379:
378:
368:
363:
361:
356:
354:
349:
348:
345:
342:
339:
337:
332:
326:
323:
319:
318:Urdu movement
315:
311:
306:
303:
299:
295:
290:
287:
283:
279:
275:
270:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
240:Major figures
238:
235:
231:
230:Urdu language
227:
223:
220:
216:
206:
195:
188:
179:
176:
161:
151:
145:
143:
138:
133:
129:
124:
123:
114:
111:
103:
93:
89:
83:
82:
76:
71:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
7372:
7335:Other topics
7284:Hyderabad FC
7043:Architecture
6696:Universities
6587:St. George's
6582:St. Joseph's
6513:Birla Mandir
6457:Lumbini Park
6401:Paigah Tombs
6366:Mecca Masjid
6058:
5708:Independence
5633:Vedic period
5490:
5355:
5303:British Urdu
5141:
5080:
5067:
5060:
5045:
5031:
5024:
5017:
4991:
4965:
4961:
4947:
4921:
4917:
4889:
4863:
4859:
4835:
4814:
4793:
4770:. Retrieved
4765:
4756:
4746:21 September
4744:. Retrieved
4740:
4731:
4719:. Retrieved
4715:
4706:
4697:
4686:. Retrieved
4682:
4672:
4652:
4645:
4634:
4625:
4606:
4594:
4582:
4573:
4564:
4550:
4541:
4532:
4523:
4514:
4505:
4495:
4486:
4476:
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4275:GENERALITIES
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2692:
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2649:Bagh-o-Bahar
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2602:
2583:, including
2573:Amir Khusrau
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2462:
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2434:Soz-e- Watan
2433:
2427:
2423:
2417:
2413:
2409:
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2390:20th century
2373:
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2356:
2351:
2344:Walter Scott
2341:
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2211:Mawlana Rumi
2196:
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2095:
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2046:
2043:Madar-i-Hind
2042:
2038:
2035:Khak-i-Watan
2034:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2006:
1987:
1984:New movement
1975:
1956:
1928:
1915:19th century
1898:
1893:
1889:
1865:
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1851:
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1838:
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1830:
1816:18th century
1807:
1795:
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1776:
1755:
1749:
1710:
1676:Amir Khusrau
1673:
1635:
1480:Tamil Sangam
1404:
1394:
1384:
1370:
1354:
1353:
1254:
966:Madih nabawi
892:
529:Oriental rug
411:Indo-Islamic
397:Architecture
336:India Portal
334:
308:Institutions
272:Urdu writers
254:Mir Taqi Mir
250:Wali Dakhani
246:Amir Khusrau
218:
171:
155:
139:
137:lead section
106:
100:October 2010
97:
78:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
7120:Osman Sagar
6627:City Museum
6598:Museums and
6560:Toli Masjid
6470:Indira Park
6452:NTR Gardens
6044:Epic poetry
5965:Braj Bhasha
5703:Nationalism
5551:Journalists
5449:By language
5361:Informatics
4487:Urdu poetry
4050:Narang 1973
4002:Narang 1973
3695:Bailey 1932
3683:Bailey 1932
3671:Bailey 1932
3659:Bailey 1932
3647:Bailey 1932
3635:Bailey 1932
3623:Bailey 1932
3611:Bailey 1932
3578:Bailey 1932
3563:Bailey 1932
3551:Bailey 1932
3539:Bailey 1932
3527:Bailey 1932
3515:Bailey 1932
3503:Bailey 1932
3491:Bailey 1932
3479:Bailey 1932
3467:Bailey 1932
3389:Urdu poetry
3207:Dara Shikoh
3162:Inder Sabha
3083:Zahida Hina
2997:Umera Ahmad
2993:Pir-e-Kamil
2829:Andhere Pag
2825:Vikram Seth
2722:Urdu poetry
2531:Kalu Bhangi
2378:written by
2375:Inder Sabha
2337:Awadh Punch
2325:Don Quixote
2307:Aab-e hayat
2179:Chiragh Ali
2074:Tegh-i-Tez,
1752:Bande Nawaz
868:South Asian
768:Azerbaijani
700:Chaand Raat
559:Turkmen rug
489:Calligraphy
406:Azerbaijani
226:By category
92:introducing
7395:Categories
7150:Lotus Pond
7110:Musi River
6869:HITEC City
6845:Healthcare
6653:Purana pul
6577:St. John's
6480:Snow World
6352:Historical
6329:High Court
6281:Government
6032:Literature
5975:Hindustani
5541:Philosophy
5438:Literature
5356:Literature
5308:Roman Urdu
5272:Hyderabadi
5224:Vocabulary
5199:Hindustani
5018:Ab-e hayat
4772:5 November
4721:3 November
4688:2022-01-26
4489:(in Urdu).
4483:"Ahleyaar"
4467:2013-09-05
4402:(in Urdu).
4380:2022-02-20
4331:2015-02-17
4232:9004061177
4205:2015-02-17
4098:2014-09-09
4026:Sadiq 1995
3990:Komal 2002
3966:Komal 2002
3942:Sadiq 1995
3901:Ahmad 1969
3854:Sadiq 1995
3830:Sadiq 1995
3452:8 November
3425:References
3357:Ibn-e-Safi
3342:ادبِ عالیہ
3099:Naeem Baig
2940:Ibn-e-Safi
2781:Wazir Agha
2527:Anna Datta
2455:See also:
2272:published
2264:Urdu novel
2207:Al-Ghazali
2133:See also:
2086:Ud-i-Hindi
1766:See also:
1626:Rajasthani
1306:Vocabulary
1283:Declension
1201:Judeo-Urdu
1196:Hyderabadi
1016:Tambourine
793:Indonesian
754:Literature
715:Imamat Day
499:Embroidery
416:Indonesian
75:references
39:improve it
6919:Transport
6667:Education
6600:libraries
6499:Places of
6485:Jalavihar
6406:City Wall
6361:Charminar
6354:monuments
6215:Hyderabad
5953:Languages
5929:Districts
5924:Divisions
5894:Governors
5744:Geography
5693:Rebellion
5243:Varieties
5219:Phonology
5150:435421859
4974:0019-5804
4930:0019-5804
4872:0019-5804
4683:Scroll.in
4636:The Hindu
4225:. BRILL.
4133:31 August
4068:The Hindu
3266:Modernism
3233:Shahid's
2837:Fire Area
2617:Dastangoi
2577:Old Hindi
2477:Ahmed Ali
2405:Premchand
2268:In 1869,
2215:Aurangzeb
2203:Al-Farooq
1931:Hyderabad
1886:Mir Hasan
1866:Diwanzada
1691:-derived
1513:Malayalam
1419:, and in
1034:Bangsawan
1011:Talempong
823:Malaysian
695:al-Ghadir
627:Jellabiya
617:Headscarf
524:Miniature
282:Novelists
262:Abdul Haq
142:summarize
45:talk page
7304:Stadiums
6862:Industry
6572:Churches
6376:Golconda
6126:Nautanki
6064:Bhojpuri
6049:Sanskrit
6021:Bhojpuri
5970:Kannauji
5466:Kashmiri
5461:Gujarati
5442:Pakistan
5322:Politics
5267:Dhakaiya
5250:Dialects
5229:Nastaliq
5209:Alphabet
5083:, 1981-.
4982:24157434
4938:23345740
4880:24158701
4741:BBC Urdu
4614:Archived
4574:Urdu Gah
4542:Urdu Gah
4524:Urdu Gah
4438:"Tarikh"
4248:"Imadia"
4107:cite web
4038:Sud 1977
3954:Sud 1977
3930:Sud 1977
3913:Sud 1977
3877:Sud 1977
3383:See also
3373:MA Rahat
2976:Jangloos
2160:and the
2152:Muhammad
2107:Calcutta
2009:Masnavis
1901:Mas'hafi
1850:and the
1782:Phul ban
1737:Gujarati
1689:Sanskrit
1687:between
1596:Maithili
1586:Kokborok
1581:Kashmiri
1571:Gujarati
1561:Bhojpuri
1541:Assamese
1470:Sanskrit
1413:Pakistan
1278:Numerals
1190:Hinglish
1185:Dhakaiya
1129:a series
1127:Part of
838:Nigerian
803:Kashmiri
797:Javanese
720:New Year
690:Arba'een
681:Holidays
642:Keffiyeh
578:Clothing
534:Paan dan
382:a series
380:Part of
158:May 2012
7048:Cuisine
7035:Culture
6641:Bridges
6540:Mosques
6508:Temples
6501:worship
6224:History
6135:Economy
6073:Culture
6009:Bagheli
5992:Bundeli
5873:Climate
5698:British
5643:Magadha
5611:History
5507:Writers
5481:Saraiki
5476:Punjabi
5456:English
5381:Writers
5262:Dakhini
5234:Braille
5214:Grammar
5204:History
5063:(1984).
5048:(1986)
3239:Kolkata
3235:Three B
3020:Rohzin
2892:Zindagi
2883:. Like
2841:Paleeta
2761:sonnets
2755:Sonnets
2593:Prakrit
2589:Hindavi
2556:Mozelle
2546:Khol do
2515:Shikast
2495:Chotein
2491:Kaliyan
2464:Angarey
2429:Nirmala
2098:Persian
2047:Padmani
2025:marsias
1939:Lucknow
1853:masnavi
1745:Dakhini
1741:Marathi
1701:Persian
1693:Prakrit
1621:Punjabi
1601:Marathi
1591:Konkani
1566:English
1551:Bengali
1503:Kannada
1465:Prakrit
1446:Ancient
1269:Grammar
1231:History
1207:Kauravi
1180:Deccani
1164:Andaman
1054:Ta'zieh
1025:Theatre
1001:Qawwali
991:Nasheed
936:Gamelan
931:Dastgah
888:Turkmen
883:Turkish
853:Punjabi
848:Persian
813:Kurdish
783:Gambian
773:Bengali
745:Raghaib
740:Bara’at
735:Ramadan
725:al-Qadr
710:al-Adha
705:al-Fitr
662:Songkok
569:Zardozi
451:Swahili
431:Persian
426:Ottoman
421:Moorish
302:Fiction
278:Writers
88:improve
7246:Events
6759:UCE-OU
6217:topics
6121:Kathak
6016:Bihari
6004:Awadhi
5934:Cities
5688:Nawabs
5673:Harsha
5663:Kushan
5653:Maurya
5600:Topics
5531:Lahore
5512:Poetry
5486:Sindhi
5471:Pashto
5371:Poetry
5366:Cinema
5351:Awards
5282:Urdish
5277:Rekhta
5148:
5104:
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3189:Ghalib
3134:T'abir
3043:Angare
2957:Aangan
2936:series
2821:Makaan
2817:Makaan
2800:Makaan
2787:Novels
2749:ghazal
2716:Poetry
2623:داستان
2558:, and
2533:, and
2500:Lihaaf
2258:Ghalib
2185:, and
2066:Ghalib
2000:, and
1978:Shefta
1967:Ghalib
1947:Nasikh
1945:, and
1943:Aatish
1937:, and
1920:Poetry
1909:Nazeer
1880:, and
1870:Mazhar
1846:qasida
1843:, the
1840:ghazal
1754:whose
1713:Deccan
1680:Rekhta
1631:Sindhi
1616:Nepali
1606:Meitei
1546:Awadhi
1523:Telugu
1431:Origin
1409:افسانہ
1405:afsana
1393:) and
1386:ghazal
1381:poetry
1217:Urdish
1212:Rekhta
1174:Bombay
1169:Bihari
1131:on the
1059:Wayang
946:Ghazal
898:Uyghur
863:Somali
858:Sindhi
843:Pashto
833:Malian
818:Kyrgyz
808:Kazakh
763:Arabic
730:Mawlid
667:Taqiya
657:Salwar
647:Kupiah
637:Kameez
632:Kaftan
622:Jilbab
607:Chador
597:Boubou
549:Suzani
544:Soumak
514:Khatam
494:Damask
456:Yemeni
436:Somali
298:Ghazal
258:Ghalib
234:Rekhta
77:, but
7262:Teams
7238:Sport
6754:JNTUH
6435:Parks
6151:Other
6054:Hindi
6039:Vedas
5980:Hindi
5668:Gupta
5658:Sunga
5648:Nanda
5546:Media
5516:Poets
5386:Poets
5376:Music
5291:Forms
4978:JSTOR
4934:JSTOR
4876:JSTOR
4092:(PDF)
4085:(PDF)
3212:Sahir
3199:Big B
3152:Drama
3130:Mafia
3052:Manto
3005:" by
2995:" by
2934:Imran
2744:شاعری
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2304:. His
2300:and
2244:Saadi
2061:Prose
1971:Momin
1935:Patna
1905:Insha
1874:Sauda
1862:Diwan
1697:Arabo
1684:Islam
1576:Hindi
1475:Tamil
1421:India
1288:Verbs
1146:Hindi
986:Naʽat
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951:Haḍra
921:Ashik
912:Music
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612:Hijab
602:Burqa
587:Abaya
554:Tapis
519:Kilim
484:Batik
446:Tatar
292:Forms
286:Poets
6989:Road
6948:Rail
6749:IIIT
6739:BITS
6059:Urdu
5985:Urdu
5491:Urdu
5344:Arts
5188:Urdu
5146:OCLC
5102:ISBN
5091:ISBN
5072:ISBN
5050:ISBN
5036:ISBN
4997:ISBN
4970:ISSN
4926:ISSN
4899:ISBN
4868:ISSN
4841:ISBN
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4774:2021
4748:2021
4723:2021
4658:ISBN
4227:ISBN
4135:2013
4113:link
3454:2020
3347:Urdu
3337:Urdu
3226:and
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1151:Urdu
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1006:Sufi
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