27:
the country. Concurrently during this period, the
Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Kuomintang (KMT) government were fighting sporadically since 1927, with a brief truce as a united front when Japan began invading the country. The second phase of the civil war resumed not long after Japan was defeated, and by 1949, the CCP had established control on most of the territories of the country. As the KMT retreated to Taiwan, the country was split with both sides claiming to be the sole legitimate government of China. After the land reforms, later attempts to realize communism failed—the Great Leap Forward led to a massive famine of millions of citizens, while the Cultural Revolution caused a chaotic period of persecution and zealous Maoist populism. In 1971, the PRC replaced the ROC as China's representation in the United Nations (UN). Following the Sino-Soviet split, the Shanghai Communiqué in 1972 marked the beginning of normalized relations with the United States. Economic reforms that began in 1978 led by reformists within the CCP moved the country away from a socialist planned economy toward an increasingly capitalist market economy, spurring significant economic growth, although liberal and democratic political reforms stalled after the June Fourth Incident in 1989.
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Amy has a house. After decades of struggle, the monarchy was overthrown in 1912 and the
Republic of China (ROC) was established. Despite China's eventual victory in the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Pacific War in general, numerous atrocities such as the Nanjing Massacre left lasting effects on
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Finished writing a draft article? Are you ready to request review of it by an experienced editor for possible inclusion in
Knowledge?
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Lithuanian nationals or anyone who has made a significant achievement for the
Republic of Lithuania
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Only formally held by King
Mindaugas I and King-elect Mindaugas II.
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931:Preposition to restore the monarchy withdrawn
2705:. A user sandbox is a subpage of the user's
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1021:Prominent national or regional achievements
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978:sovereign of the Republic of Lithuania
816:Palace of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania
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1061:Knight/Dame Commander (KBE/DBE)
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927:Reason for succession failure:
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2738:Submit your draft for review!
1058:Knight/Dame Grand Cross (GBE)
905:Wilhelm Albert, Duke of Urach
487:Republic of Central Lithuania
63:The History of House Building
1625:Communist Party of Lithuania
1140:Communist Party of Lithuania
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7:
2711:not an encyclopedia article
2081:Restoration of Independence
1611:Restoration of Independence
959:Order of Vytautas the Great
856:Prince Inigo, Duke of Urach
240:State of the Teutonic Order
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2764:As Grand Duke of Lithuania
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2393:following the impeachement
1655:Chairman of the Presidium
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676:Republic of Lithuania (EU)
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948:Prince Eberhard of Urach
823:(late 15th century−1665)
650:Republic of Estonia (EU)
313:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
228:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
214:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
30:
2588:one-candidate elections
2564:one-candidate elections
2521:one-candidate elections
2419:Aleksandras Stulginskis
1619:First Secretary of the
1134:First Secretary of the
868:SeriousThinker/sandbox
663:Republic of Latvia (EU)
2784:"Guide to the Honours"
1005:For God and the Empire
961:with the Golden Chain
591:Generalbezirk Lettland
366:Governorate of Vilnius
345:Governorate of Livonia
338:Governorate of Estonia
2399:Augustinas Voldemaras
2308:Ernestas Galvanauskas
1029:Currently constituted
912:— TITULAR —
600:Generalbezirk Litauen
582:Generalbezirk Estland
521:Republic of Lithuania
473:Republic of Lithuania
456:Republic of Lithuania
444:Republic of Lithuania
359:Governorate of Kaunas
72:10.1163/9789004363816
2755:As King of Lithuania
2442:Lithuanian Christian
1878:Konstantin Chernenko
1409:Konstantin Chernenko
935:Council of Lithuania
881:House of Württemberg
878:Cadet branch of the
415:Kingdom of Lithuania
382:Courland Governorate
201:Kingdom of Lithuania
2584:approval of Special
2582:By the undemocratic
2560:approval of Special
2558:By the undemocratic
2513:By the undemocratic
2339:of Rolandas Paksas
2187:Gediminas Vagnorius
2171:Adolfas Šleževičius
2133:Algirdas Brazauskas
2068:Algirdas Brazauskas
2027:Algirdas Brazauskas
1830:Petras Griškevičius
1598:Algirdas Brazauskas
1557:Algirdas Brazauskas
1358:Petras Griškevičius
796:Mindaugas' Castle,
771:Stanisław II August
391:Republic of Estonia
60:Smith, Sam (2014).
18:User:SeriousThinker
2353:Artūras Paulauskas
2178:Laurynas Mindaugas
2160:Party of Lithuania
2007:Ringaudas Songaila
1973:Ringaudas Songaila
1950:Ringaudas Songaila
1859:Antanas Barkauskas
1754:Motiejus Šumauskas
1537:Ringaudas Songaila
1503:Ringaudas Songaila
1480:Ringaudas Songaila
1387:Antanas Barkauskas
1289:Motiejus Šumauskas
1082:Former grades
1038:Queen Elizabeth II
896:Titles in pretence
757:First monarch
708:Royal coat of arms
504:Republic of Poland
405:Republic of Latvia
373:Kingdom of Prussia
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2745:
2722:Other sandboxes:
2720:
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2661:Nationalist Union
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2554:December 11, 1931
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2509:December 19, 1926
2504:Nationalist Union
2487:December 19, 1926
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2435:December 19, 1926
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2322:Vytautas Petrulis
2296:
2288:21 December, 1922
2266:February 26, 2003
2221:February 26, 2003
2215:February 26, 1998
2166:14 February, 1993
2156:Democratic Labour
2149:February 25, 1998
2143:February 25, 1993
2086:
2085:
2079:March 11, 1990 —
1916:November 14, 1987
1910:
1885:Mikhail Gorbachev
1846:November 14, 1987
1841:February 18, 1974
1802:February 18, 1974
1789:
1665:General Secretary
1621:Central Committee
1616:
1615:
1609:March 11, 1990 —
1446:November 14, 1987
1419:Mikhail Gorbachev
1374:November 14, 1987
1369:February 18, 1974
1330:February 18, 1974
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1180:General Secretary
1136:Central Committee
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988:Order of chivalry
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919:King of Lithuania
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1202:Antanas Sniečkus
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2256:Rolandas Paksas
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2116:Prime Minister
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2051:Communist Party
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2010:
1997:Communist Party
1977:
1953:
1931:Communist Party
1902:
1862:
1834:
1810:Communist Party
1781:
1778:Valery Khazarov
1757:
1747:Leonid Brezhnev
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1723:Justas Paleckis
1713:Communist Party
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1527:Communist Party
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1338:Communist Party
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1313:Valery Khazarov
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1238:Justas Paleckis
1228:Communist Party
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1117:Military ribbon
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1064:Commander (CBE)
976:Awarded by the
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933:in 1918 by the
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2796:. 10 June 2015
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2702:SeriousThinker
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2594:Vladas Mironas
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2572:Vladas Mironas
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2548:Juozas Tūbelis
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2534:Juozas Tūbelis
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2059:
2058:
2048:
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2043:March 11, 1990
2035:
2023:
2015:
2014:
2004:
1994:
1992:
1981:
1969:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1946:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1928:
1926:
1913:
1899:Nikolay Mitkin
1896:
1888:
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1874:
1873:
1867:
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1855:
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1736:
1735:
1730:
1720:
1710:
1708:
1695:
1683:
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1662:
1659:Supreme Soviet
1653:
1650:
1647:
1639:
1636:
1627:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1606:
1605:
1594:
1593:
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1573:March 11, 1990
1565:
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1458:
1456:
1443:
1436:Nikolay Mitkin
1433:
1425:
1424:
1415:
1414:
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1404:
1395:
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1320:
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1303:
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1249:Generalissimus
1245:
1235:
1225:
1223:
1210:
1198:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1177:
1174:Supreme Soviet
1168:
1165:
1162:
1154:
1151:
1142:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1108:
1107:
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1100:
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1055:
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1049:
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1045:
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1027:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1015:
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1011:
1007:
1006:
1003:
999:
998:
995:
991:
990:
985:
981:
980:
973:
972:
964:
963:
952:
951:
938:
908:
903:
899:
898:
892:
891:
877:
873:House of Urach
870:
867:
860:
859:
853:
849:
848:
830:
826:
825:
794:
790:
789:
786:
782:
781:
778:
774:
773:
768:
764:
763:
758:
754:
753:
748:
744:
743:
739:
738:
735:
734:
731:
730:
724:
716:
715:
712:
711:
706:
698:
697:
686:
685:
672:
659:
645:
644:
635:Lithuanian SSR
632:
620:
607:
606:
597:
588:
578:
577:
568:
560:Lithuanian SSR
557:
546:
534:
533:
517:
516:
500:
499:
483:
482:
469:
468:
453:
440:
439:
421:
412:
401:
386:
385:
377:
376:
369:
362:
355:
348:
341:
333:
332:
324:
323:
308:
307:
294:
293:
288:
283:
276:
258:
257:
251:Livonian Order
247:
246:
236:
235:
224:
209:
208:
197:
190:Livonian Order
186:
179:Danish Estonia
174:
173:
168:
162:
161:
158:West Lithuania
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
121:
120:
115:
110:
101:
100:Timeline table
98:
97:
96:
80:
55:
52:
49:
48:
35:
34:
32:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2818:
2795:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2779:
2770:
2761:
2752:
2748:
2740:
2730:
2729:
2725:
2718:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2684:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:June 17, 1940
2644:June 15, 1940
2642:
2640:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2622:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2605:
2602:
2601:Jonas Černius
2599:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2552:
2549:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2523:
2518:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2493:June 15, 1940
2479:
2478:
2471:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2456:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2433:
2431:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2413:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2395:
2391:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:July 12, 2004
2369:April 6, 2004
2367:
2365:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2338:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2272:April 6, 2004
2258:
2257:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2239:Kazys Grinius
2236:
2233:
2229:
2207:
2206:
2199:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2181:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2135:
2134:
2127:
2119:
2104:
2102:(Birth–Death)
2089:
2082:
2077:
2074:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2045:
2034:
2029:
2028:
2021:
2016:
2013:
2008:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1982:
1980:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1925:
1920:
1912:
1911:
1905:
1900:
1894:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1871:Yuri Andropov
1869:
1868:
1865:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1837:
1832:
1831:
1824:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1804:
1799:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1784:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1767:
1763:
1760:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1733:Joseph Stalin
1731:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1707:
1702:
1698:July 13, 1944
1694:
1689:
1688:
1681:
1673:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1660:
1654:
1646:
1644:(Birth–Death)
1631:
1626:
1622:
1612:
1607:
1604:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1575:
1564:
1559:
1558:
1551:
1546:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1512:
1510:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1455:
1450:
1442:
1437:
1431:
1426:
1420:
1416:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1400:
1399:Yuri Andropov
1397:
1396:
1393:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1376:
1365:
1360:
1359:
1352:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1332:
1327:
1321:
1319:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1295:
1290:
1286:
1280:
1276:
1273:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1256:
1255:
1254:Joseph Stalin
1250:
1246:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1222:
1217:
1213:July 13, 1944
1209:
1204:
1203:
1196:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1169:
1161:
1159:(Birth–Death)
1146:
1141:
1137:
1122:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1069:
1067:Officer (OBE)
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
989:
986:
982:
979:
974:
970:
965:
957:
949:
942:
936:
922:
921:
920:
913:
906:
900:
897:
893:
889:12 April 1962
888:
883:
882:
875:
874:
865:
857:
854:
850:
839:
831:
827:
821:
817:
810:
806:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
772:
769:
765:
762:
759:
755:
752:
749:
745:
740:
736:
732:
728:
722:
717:
713:
709:
704:
699:
691:
683:
677:
670:
664:
657:
651:
646:
642:
636:
630:
624:
618:
612:
608:
601:
592:
583:
579:
572:
566:
561:
555:
550:
544:
539:
535:
531:
527:
522:
519:
518:
514:
510:
505:
502:
501:
497:
493:
488:
485:
484:
479:
474:
470:
466:
462:
457:
450:
445:
441:
437:
433:
428:
425:
416:
406:
398:
392:
387:
383:
378:
374:
367:
360:
353:
346:
339:
334:
330:
325:
321:
314:
309:
304:
299:
295:
292:
287:
281:
274:
270:
264:
259:
252:
248:
241:
237:
229:
225:
222:
215:
210:
202:
191:
180:
175:
172:
171:Baltic tribes
167:
166:Finnic tribes
163:
159:
155:
150:
145:
140:
135:
132:South Estonia
130:
127:
126:North Estonia
123:
122:
119:
114:
109:
105:
94:
83:
81:9789004363816
77:
73:
69:
65:
64:
58:
57:
46:, p. 42.
45:
40:
36:
28:
19:
2798:. Retrieved
2787:
2778:
2769:
2760:
2751:
2724:Main sandbox
2721:
2695:
2668:Unelected —
2666:
2659:
2636:
2626:
2614:
2580:
2556:
2515:approval of
2511:
2502:
2475:
2460:coup d''état
2453:Unelected —
2451:
2444:
2427:
2417:
2405:
2388:Unelected —
2386:
2361:
2351:
2344:
2337:Impeachement
2290:
2281:
2254:
2203:
2180:Stankevičius
2158:
2131:
2100:
2070:
2055:of Lithuania
2053:
2041:
2030:
2025:
2009:
2001:of Lithuania
1999:
1987:
1976:
1971:
1952:
1942:
1935:of Lithuania
1933:
1921:
1918:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1898:
1861:
1844:
1833:
1828:
1814:of Lithuania
1812:
1800:
1797:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1777:
1765:
1756:
1725:
1717:of Lithuania
1715:
1703:
1700:
1690:
1685:
1656:
1642:
1600:
1585:of Lithuania
1583:
1571:
1560:
1555:
1539:
1531:of Lithuania
1529:
1517:
1506:
1501:
1482:
1472:
1465:of Lithuania
1463:
1451:
1448:
1438:
1435:
1389:
1372:
1361:
1356:
1342:of Lithuania
1340:
1328:
1325:
1315:
1312:
1300:
1291:
1269:
1257:
1252:
1240:
1232:of Lithuania
1230:
1218:
1215:
1205:
1200:
1171:
1157:
1125:Civil ribbon
1103:Next (lower)
1070:Member (MBE)
1044:Grand Master
945:
940:
917:
916:
911:
886:
879:
871:
852:Pretender(s)
693:Monarchy of
611:Estonian SSR
571:German Reich
538:Estonian SSR
142:South Latvia
137:North Latvia
117:
112:
107:
92:
85:. Retrieved
62:
39:
25:
2633:(1877–1955)
2482:(1874–1944)
2424:(1885–1969)
2358:(born 1953)
2261:(born 1956)
2228:Independent
2210:(born 1926)
2138:(1932–2010)
2072:(1903–1974)
2032:(1903–1974)
2011:(1930–2017)
1978:(1929–2019)
1954:(1929–2019)
1903:(1929–1998)
1863:(1899–1980)
1835:(1924–1987)
1782:(1918–2013)
1758:(1905–1982)
1727:(1899–1980)
1692:(1903–1974)
1602:(1903–1974)
1562:(1903–1974)
1541:(1930–2017)
1508:(1929–2019)
1484:(1929–2019)
1440:(1929–1998)
1422:(1906–1982)
1412:(1906–1982)
1402:(1906–1982)
1391:(1899–1980)
1363:(1924–1987)
1317:(1918–2013)
1293:(1905–1982)
1282:(1906–1982)
1271:(1894–1971)
1259:(1878–1953)
1242:(1899–1980)
1207:(1903–1974)
1018:Awarded for
1010:Eligibility
994:Established
844:Hereditary
841:(1574–1795)
834:(1253–1574)
832:Hereditary
801:(1253−1263)
761:Mindaugas I
623:Latvian SSR
549:Latvian SSR
2657:Lithuanian
2500:Lithuanian
2458:following
1649:In office
1164:In office
1098:Precedence
858:(disputed)
682:Since 1990
669:Since 1991
656:Since 1991
44:Smith 2014
2707:user page
2696:the user
2382:New Union
2279:Order and
2113:Election
2096:Portrait
1638:Portrait
1153:Portrait
1034:Sovereign
941:Incumbent
829:Appointer
793:Residence
785:Abolition
777:Formation
727:Mindaugas
695:Lithuania
604:1940–1944
595:1940–1944
586:1940–1944
575:1938–1945
424:Memelland
410:1918–1940
255:1346–1561
244:1274–1561
233:1263–1274
206:1251–1263
195:1237–1561
184:1219–1346
118:Lithuania
87:8 October
66:. BRILL.
54:Citations
2789:BBC News
2694:This is
838:Szlachta
2726:|
2698:sandbox
2670:de jure
2292:By the
2283:Justice
1667:of the
1657:of the
1623:of the
1182:of the
1172:of the
1138:of the
820:Vilnius
809:Vilnius
742:Details
108:Estonia
2800:25 May
2638:Acting
2517:Seimas
2429:Acting
2363:Acting
2294:Seimas
2110:Party
2092:#
1909:Acting
1788:Acting
1652:Party
1634:#
1167:Party
1149:#
1052:Grades
1047:Vacant
1026:Status
846:(1918)
798:Voruta
113:Latvia
78:
2107:Term
2099:Name
1641:Name
1156:Name
1077:(BEM)
1075:Medal
1002:Motto
946:Heir:
887:Born:
747:Style
725:King
639:1944–
627:1944–
615:1944–
480:–1938
451:–1940
399:–1940
318:1657–
305:–1657
219:1263–
31:Notes
16:<
2802:2016
2717:here
1669:CPSU
1184:CPSU
997:1930
984:Type
788:1795
780:1253
641:1990
629:1990
617:1991
565:1940
554:1940
543:1940
530:1940
526:1939
513:1939
509:1922
496:1922
492:1920
478:1924
465:1920
461:1918
449:1918
436:1924
432:1920
419:1918
397:1918
320:1795
303:1655
273:1721
269:1561
221:1655
89:2018
76:ISBN
2794:BBC
2700:of
68:doi
2792:.
2786:.
2713:.
2528:4
2519:in
2302:3
2193:2
2121:1
2062:4
2040:–
1986:–
1961:3
1919:–
1853:2
1843:–
1798:–
1701:–
1675:1
1592:4
1570:–
1516:–
1491:3
1449:–
1381:2
1371:–
1326:–
1216:–
1190:1
818:,
807:,
91:.
74:.
2804:.
2719:.
2647:–
2615:–
2490:–
2406:–
2372:–
2345:–
2269:–
2218:–
2146:–
1943:–
1766:–
1473:–
1301:–
528:–
511:–
494:–
463:–
434:–
427:*
271:–
93:A
70::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.