36:
251:
The VVSG 2.0 guidelines were release in 2021. "The
Guidelines allow for an improved and consistent voter experience, enabling all voters to vote privately and independently, ensuring votes are marked, verified and cast as intended, and that the final count represents the true will of the voters."
167:
Writing in 2013, researchers at Auburn
University critiqued the guidelines as needing to be paired with funding for states to participate. They argued that the more sophisticated states participated in the voluntary certification while most adapted parts of the guidelines or opted out altogether.
311:
Notify the voter if they have selected more than one candidate for a single office, inform the voter of the effect of casting multiple votes for a single office, and provide the voter an opportunity to correct their ballot before it is cast and
229:
unanimously adopted the 2005 Voluntary Voting System
Guidelines (VVSG), which significantly increase security requirements for voting systems and expand access, including opportunities to vote privately and independently, for individuals with
164:, itself a response to the punch card ballot and multiple ballot style issues that surrounded the 2000 presidential election. The resulting guidelines were intended to provide consistency in the integrity of voting systems.
400:
Adds requirement to document and report on user-centered design process by developer to ensure system is designed for a wide range of representative voters, including those with and without disabilities, and election
315:
Be accessible for individuals with disabilities in a manner that provides the same opportunity for access and participation (including privacy and independence) as for all voters.
308:
Provide the voter with the opportunity (in a private and independent manner) to change their choices or correct any error before their ballot is cast and counted.
476:
References, Section 508 Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) Final Standards and Guidelines and Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 (WCAG 2.0)
733:
57:
50:
239:
2015: The VVSG 1.1, an incremental revision to the 2005 VVSG 1.0, were unanimously approved by the
Election Assistance Commission on March 31, 2015
185:
827:
811:
795:
779:
188:(NASED) begins testing voting equipment against the 1990 standards; NASED, a non-governmental entity, voluntarily offers the service to the states
100:
463:
Updates voter interface requirements such as font, text size, audio, interaction control and navigation, scrolling, and ballot selections review
141:
72:
579:
Requires
Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 140-2 validated cryptographic modules (except for end-to-end cryptographic functions)
607:
Exploit mitigation (for example, address space layout randomization (ASLR) data execution prevention (DEP) and free of known vulnerabilities
260:"Equipment (including hardware, firmware, and software), materials, and documentation used to enact the following functions of an election:
79:
411:
Addresses transparency from the point of view of documentation that is necessary and sufficient to understand and perform all operations
145:
86:
193:
2002: FEC updates 1990 Voting System
Standards. Federal government does not yet test voting equipment against these standards.
68:
734:"U.S. Election Assistance Commission Adopts New Voluntary Voting System Guidelines 2.0 | U.S. Election Assistance Commission"
214:
HAVA requires EAC to set up the federal government's first program to test voting equipment against the federal standards.
305:
Permit the voter to verify (in a private and independent manner) their choices before their ballot is cast and counted.
119:
453:
Distinguishes voter privacy from ballot secrecy and ensures privacy for marking, verifying, and casting the ballot
443:
Applies to all modes of interaction and presentation throughout the voting session, fully supporting accessibility
498:
Supports all types of audits, including risk-limiting audits (RLAs), compliance audits, and ballot-level audits
93:
828:
https://www.eac.gov/sites/default/files/TestingCertification/Voluntary_Voting_System_Guidelines_Version_2_0.pdf
812:
https://www.eac.gov/sites/default/files/TestingCertification/Voluntary_Voting_System_Guidelines_Version_2_0.pdf
796:
https://www.eac.gov/sites/default/files/TestingCertification/Voluntary_Voting_System_Guidelines_Version_2_0.pdf
780:
https://www.eac.gov/sites/default/files/TestingCertification/Voluntary_Voting_System_Guidelines_Version_2_0.pdf
226:
206:
149:
137:
217:
HAVA also tasked the EAC with establishing the federal government's first voting system certification program.
670:
390:
Guidance relevant to testing and certification has been moved to the EAC testing and certification manuals.
844:
708:
757:
178:
576:
Clarifies that there are no hardware security requirements (for example, TPM (trusted platform module))
220:
HAVA renames the voting system standards, listing them as the voluntary voting system guidelines (VVSG)
433:
Permits commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) devices as long as relevant requirements are still satisfied
466:
Describes requirements that are voting system specific, but derived from federal accessibility law
46:
479:
Updates requirements for reporting developer usability testing with voters and election workers
211:
HAVA transfers the responsibility of developing voting system standards from the FEC to the EAC
318:
Provide alternative language accessibility pursuant to
Section 203 of the Voting Rights Act .
202:
161:
709:"Voluntary Voting System Guidelines - Voting Equipment - US Election Assistance Commission"
17:
8:
424:
Requires manufacturers to provide complete specification of how the format is implemented
671:"Adopting, Adapting, and Opting Out: State Response to Federal Voting System Guidelines"
560:
Requires using only those exposed physical ports that are essential to voting operations
421:
Ensures that devices are capable of importing and exporting data in common data formats
690:
645:
524:
Bases access control on voting stage (pre-voting, activated, suspended, post-voting)
682:
344:
Functional equipment requirements are organized as phases of running an election:
838:
694:
686:
373:
Audits of barcodes versus readable content for ballot marking devices (BMDs)
181:
adopts the federal government's first set of voting system standards.
588:
Ensures transmitted data is encrypted with end-to-end authentication
430:
Uses common methods (for example, a USB) for all hardware interfaces
35:
598:
Requires risk assessment and supply chain risk management strategy
427:
Requires that encoded data uses publicly available, no-cost method
582:
Requires cryptographic protection of various election artifacts
542:
Changing device states, including opening and closing the polls
632:
Requires digital signatures or allowlisting for voting systems
566:
Requires that all new connections and disconnections be logged
530:
Requires multi-factor authentication for critical operations:
196:
NASED begins testing voting systems against the 2002 standards
585:
Requires digitally signed cast vote records and ballot images
563:
Ensures that physical ports are able to be logically disabled
511:
Prevents association of a voter identity to ballot selections
367:
Requirements dovetail with cybersecurity in areas including:
495:
Supports paper-based and end-to-end (E2E) verifiable systems
350:
Pre-election Setup and logic and accuracy (L&A) testing
160:
The
Election Assistance Commission was created by the 2002
457:
437:
236:
2007: EAC launches full testing and certification program
233:
2006: NASED terminates its voting system testing program
470:
270:
identify and validate voting equipment configurations,
385:
Ability to match a ballot with its corresponding CVR
376:
Audits of scanned ballot images versus paper ballots
27:
Guidelines for certifying voting systems in the U.S.
489:
Focuses on machine support for post-election audits
140:(EAC) for the certification of voting systems. The
136:(VVSG) are guidelines adopted by the United States
635:Requires malware detection focusing on backend PCs
527:Does not require role-based access control (RBAC)
836:
291:export election data including election results,
186:National Association of State Election Directors
533:Software updates to the certified voting system
394:
142:National Institute of Standards and Technology
148:(TGDC) drafts the VVSG and gives them to the
626:Ensures moderately updated list of log types
620:
604:Secures configurations and system hardening
508:Includes a dedicated ballot secrecy section
242:2021: VVSG 2.0 adopted on February 10, 2021
146:Technical Guidelines Development Committee
668:
379:Audits of Cast Vote Record (CVR) creation
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
285:label ballots needing special treatment,
616:Ensure sandboxing and runtime integrity
521:Prevents the ability to disable logging
14:
837:
610:Requires cryptographic boot validation
458:Marked, Verified, and Cast as Intended
438:Equivalent and Consistent Voter Access
338:
297:produce records in support of audits."
56:Please improve this article by adding
492:Makes software independence mandatory
664:
662:
660:
629:Detection systems must be updateable
554:
471:Robust, Safe, Usable, and Accessible
255:
246:
69:"Voluntary Voting System Guidelines"
29:
592:
548:Modifying authentication mechanisms
264:define elections and ballot styles,
24:
675:Publius: The Journal of Federalism
669:Hale, K.; Brown, M. (2013-07-01).
570:
152:in draft form for their adoption.
134:Voluntary Voting System Guidelines
25:
856:
750:
657:
515:
502:
273:perform logic and accuracy tests,
447:
415:
356:Closing Polls, Results Reporting
34:
824:Election Assistance Commission
816:
808:Election Assistance Commission
800:
792:Election Assistance Commission
784:
776:Election Assistance Commission
768:
762:Election Assistance Commission
726:
701:
613:Requires authenticated updates
601:Removes non-essential services
405:
353:Opening Polls, Casting Ballots
347:Election and Ballot Definition
301:All voting systems must also:
227:Election Assistance Commission
207:Election Assistance Commission
138:Election Assistance Commission
13:
1:
651:
322:
58:secondary or tertiary sources
483:
279:record votes cast by voters,
276:activate ballots for voters,
7:
639:
395:High Quality Implementation
267:configure voting equipment,
179:Federal Election Commission
171:
10:
861:
539:Enabling network functions
536:Aggregating and tabulating
382:Content of various reports
294:archive election data, and
155:
621:Detection and Monitoring
545:Deleting the audit trail
687:10.1093/publius/pjt016
45:relies excessively on
826:. c. 2021. p. 14-17.
810:. c. 2021. p. 10-11.
203:Help America Vote Act
162:Help America Vote Act
845:Election technology
339:High Quality Design
205:(HAVA) creates the
370:Pre-election setup
794:. c. 2021. p. 10
646:Election Security
555:Physical Security
359:Tabulation, Audit
288:generate reports,
256:The voting system
247:Guidelines (2021)
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
852:
830:
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804:
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788:
782:
778:. c. 2021. p. 5
772:
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593:System Integrity
335:
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571:Data Protection
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63:
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55:
51:primary sources
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28:
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15:
12:
11:
5:
858:
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799:
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681:(3): 428–451.
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516:Access Control
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503:Ballot Secrecy
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128:
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42:
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26:
9:
6:
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3:
2:
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448:Voter Privacy
442:
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429:
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420:
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416:Interoperable
410:
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230:disabilities.
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
53:
52:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
823:
822:"VVSG 2.0".
818:
807:
806:"VVSG 2.0".
802:
791:
790:"VVSG 2.0".
786:
775:
774:"VVSG 2.0".
770:
761:
752:
741:. Retrieved
737:
728:
716:. Retrieved
712:
703:
678:
674:
300:
282:count votes,
259:
250:
166:
159:
133:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
44:
738:www.eac.gov
713:www.eac.gov
406:Transparent
764:. c. 2021.
758:"VVSG 2.0"
743:2022-12-01
652:References
323:Principles
225:2005: the
80:newspapers
47:references
718:March 28,
695:0048-5950
484:Auditable
839:Category
640:See also
312:counted.
172:Timeline
110:May 2024
401:workers
362:Storage
156:History
94:scholar
693:
327:": -->
201:2002:
177:1990:
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
101:JSTOR
87:books
720:2018
691:ISSN
329:edit
184:The
132:The
73:news
18:VVSG
683:doi
150:EAC
144:'s
49:to
841::
760:.
736:.
711:.
689:.
679:43
677:.
673:.
659:^
60:.
746:.
722:.
697:.
685::
333:]
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
54:.
20:)
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