3016:
2492:
2518:: by leaping onto their quarry, pinning it under their body weight, and gripping it tightly with the large, sickle-shaped claws. These researchers proposed that, like accipitrids, the dromaeosaur would then begin to feed on the animal while it was still alive, and prey death would eventually result from blood loss and organ failure. This proposal is based primarily on comparisons between the morphology and proportions of the feet and legs of dromaeosaurs to several groups of extant birds of prey with known predatory behaviors. Fowler found that the feet and legs of dromaeosaurs most closely resemble those of
651:
1101:
2303:
7193:
1718:
2628:
129:
1092:
1112:
1689:
3007:
1347:
1172:
633:
7182:
3242:
7188:
6309:
1338:(serrations), each more strongly serrated on the back edge than the front. The premaxilla had 4 alveoli (meaning that 4 teeth were developed), and the maxilla had 11 alveoli. At the dentary, between 14–15 alveoli were present. All teeth present at the premaxilla were poorly curved, and the two first teeth were the longest, with the second having a characteristic large size. The maxillary teeth were more slender, recurved, and most notably, the lower end was strongly more serrated than the upper one.
7199:
2294:
154:
1757:
952:
2839:
1801:
1268:
2056:
2384:
1909:
2748:
845:
1779:
7222:
1945:
1849:
6281:
1000:
6295:
1622:
3228:
1610:
6267:
1435:
4894:
1967:
2034:
1871:
2005:
1323:, located on the inner side of the surangular, was a small element that joined the quadrate of the upper skull, enabling the articulation with the lower jaw. An elongated, near oval-shaped hole was developed in the center of the lower jaw (the mandibular fenestra), and it was produced by the joint of the dentary, surangular, and angular bones.
931:, namely MPC-D 100/985 collected from the Tugrik Shireh locality in 1993, and MPC-D 100/986 collected in 1993 from the Chimney Buttes locality. The team briefly mentioned another specimen, MPC-D 100/982, which by the time of this publication remained undescribed. In 1999 Norell and Makovicky provided more insights into the anatomy of
2658:
is similar to dromaeosaurids in anatomy, feather type, bone structure and even the narrow anatomy of the nasal passages (usually a key indicator of metabolism). The kiwi is a highly active, if specialized, flightless bird, with a stable body temperature and a fairly low resting metabolic rate, making
2339:
in combat and provides direct evidence of predatory behavior. When originally reported, it was hypothesized that the two animals drowned. However, as the animals were preserved in ancient sand dune deposits, it is now thought that the animals were buried in sand, either from a collapsing dune or in a
3156:
was made public in 1991, but as Jody Duncan wrote about this discovery: "Later, after we had designed and built the raptor, there was a discovery of a raptor skeleton in Utah, which they labeled 'super-slasher.' They had uncovered the largest
Velociraptor to date and it measured five-and-a-half-feet
1465:
underneath. The prezygapophyses began on the tenth tail (caudal) vertebra and extended forward to brace four to ten additional vertebrae, depending on position in the tail. These were once thought to fully stiffen the tail, forcing the entire tail to act as a single rod-like unit. However, at least
2763:
and
Djadochta formations many of the same genera were present, though they varied at the species level. These differences in species composition may be due a natural barrier separating the two formations, which are relatively close to each other geographically. However, given the lack of any known
2541:
s anatomy, such as their unusual jaw and arm morphology. The arms, which could exert a lot of force but were likely covered in long feathers, may have been used as flapping stabilizers for balance while atop a struggling prey animal, along with the stiff counterbalancing tail. The jaws, thought by
1227:
was located just above the jugal: a stocky and strongly T-shaped bone. As a whole, the orbit or orbital fenestra (eye socket)—formed by the lacrimal, jugal, frontal, and postorbital—was large and near circular in shape, being longer than taller. When seen from above, a pair of large and markedly
1167:
bone. It was a thin/narrow and elongated bone contributing to the top surface of the snout. Together, both premaxilla and nasal bones gave form to the naris or narial fenestra (nostril opening), which was relatively large and circular. The posterior end of the nasal was joined by the frontal and
1150:
was nearly triangular in shape and the largest element of the snout. On its center or main body, there was a depression developing a small oval to circular-shaped hole, called maxillary fenestra. Though in front of this fenestra were two small openings, referred to as promaxillary fenestrae. The
1133:
was rather elongated and grew up to 23 cm (9.1 in) long. It was uniquely up-curved at the snout region, concave on the upper surface, and convex on the lower surface. The snout, which occupied about 60% of the entire skull length, was notably narrow and mainly formed by the nasal,
835:
specimen (GIN or IGM 100/2000), represented by a complete skeleton including the skull of a young individual. It was found at the
Tugriken Shireh locality of the Djadochta Formation during the context of the Mongolian-Japanese Palaeontological Expeditions. The coauthors stated that detailed
2213:
indicate that it was able to detect and hear a wide range of sound frequencies (2,368–3,965 Hz) and could track prey with ease as a result. The endocranium examinations also further cemented the theory that the dromaeosaur was an agile, swift predator. Fossil evidence suggesting
2717:
near the bite wounds and the overall specimen was not scavenged, this individual was likely killed by this fatal wound. In 2001 Molnar and team noted that this specimen is MPC-D 100/976 hailing from the Tugrik Shireh locality, which has also yielded the
Fighting Dinosaurs specimen.
2468:, which has been cited as evidence of cooperative (pack) hunting. However, the only solid evidence for social behavior of any kind among dromaeosaurids comes from a Chinese trackway which shows six individuals of a large species moving as a group. Although many isolated fossils of
1043:
specimen (IGM 100/981), which represents an animal of estimated 1.5 m (4.9 ft) long and 15 kg (33 lb) in weight. The spacing of 6 preserved knobs suggests that 8 additional knobs may have been present, giving a total of 14 quill knobs that developed large
3495:; Eberth, David A.; Johnston, P.A.; Koster, E.H.; Zheng, J.-J. (1993). "Djadokhta Formation correlative strata in Chinese Inner Mongolia: an overview of the stratigraphy, sedimentary geology, and paleontology and comparisons with the type locality in the pre-Altai Gobi".
943:
specimens. This relatively well-preserved specimen including the skull was discovered and collected in 1995 at the Bayn Dzak locality (specifically at the "Volcano" sub-locality). Martin Kundrát in a 2004 abstract compared the neurocranium of MPC-D 100/982 to another
2259:
Manabu
Sakamoto in 2022 performed a Bayesian phylogenetic predictive modelling framework for estimating jaw muscle parameters and bite forces of several extinct archosaurs, based on skull widths and phylogenetic relationships between groups. Among studied taxa,
2419:(windpipe), rather than slashing the abdomen. The inside edge of the claw was rounded and not unusually sharp, which may have precluded any sort of cutting or slashing action, although only the bony core of the claw is preserved. The thick abdominal wall of
1525:. Several studies published during the 2010s, including expanded versions of the analyses that found support for Velociraptorinae, have failed to resolve it as a distinct group, but rather have suggested it is a paraphyletic grade which gave rise to the
3157:
tall, just like ours. So we designed it, we built it, and then they discovered it. That still boggles my mind." Spielberg's name was briefly considered for naming of the new dinosaur in exchange for funding of field work, but no agreement was reached.
4962:
Powers, M. A.; Sullivan, C.; Currie, P. J. (2020). "Re-examining ratio based premaxillary and maxillary characters in
Eudromaeosauria (Dinosauria: Theropoda): Divergent trends in snout morphology between Asian and North American taxa".
3862:
Powers, M. A.; Sullivan, C.; Currie, P. J. (2020). "Re-examining ratio based premaxillary and maxillary characters in
Eudromaeosauria (Dinosauria: Theropoda): Divergent trends in snout morphology between Asian and North American taxa".
2979:
site (sublocality of the larger Bayn Dzak locality/region), while the "Fighting
Dinosaurs" were found at the Tugrik Shire locality (also known as Tugrugeen Shireh and many other spellings). The latter is notorious for its exceptional
1228:
rounded holes were present near the rear of the skull (the temporal fenestrae), whose main components were the postorbital and squamosal. Behind the jugal, an inverted T-shaped bone (also seen in other dromaeosaurids), known as the
990:
and this new species were ecologically separated based on their skull anatomy. The team in another 2021 abstract reinforced again the species-level separation, noting that additional differences can be found in the hindlimbs.
1414:
consisted of the metatarsus—a large element composed of three metatarsals of which the first one was extremely reduced in size—and four digits that developed large unguals. The first digit, as in other theropods, was a small
2986:
fossil preservation. Based on deposits (such as structureless sandstones), it has been concluded that a large number of specimens were buried alive during powerful sand-bearing events, common to these paleoenvironments.
2510:
and similar dromaeosaurs may have captured and restrained prey. This model, known as the "raptor prey restraint" (RPR) model of predation, proposes that dromaeosaurs killed their prey in a manner very similar to extant
802:, turned up several well-preserved skeletons. One such specimen, MPC-D 100/980, was nicknamed "Ichabodcraniosaurus" by Norell's team because the fairly complete specimen was found without its skull (an allusion to the
2729:
pterosaur within its stomach cavity, was carrying or recovering from an injury sustained to one broken rib. From evidence on the pterosaur bones, which were devoid of pitting or deformations from digestion, the
2674:
physiology of non-avian dinosaurs compared to these groups. They found that the size of the nasal cavity relative to the head size of extant endotherms is larger than those of extant ectotherms, and among taxa,
2234:
taxa concluding that most Asian and North
American eudromaeosaurs were separated by snout morphology and ecological strategies. They found the maxilla to be a reliable reference when inferring the shape of the
2615:, the latter of which was much larger. It is theorized by the authors that high bite force resistance was an adaptation towards obtaining food through scavenging more often than through active predation in
2251:
and relatives, such as picking up small, fast prey. In contrast, most North
American eudromaeosaurs, mostly dromaeosaurines, feature a robust and deep maxillar morphology. However, the large dromaeosurine
727:
after its country of origin. Earlier that year, Osborn had informally mentioned the animal in a popular press article, under the name "Ovoraptor djadochtari" (not to be confused with the similarly named
6172:
5315:
Li, Rihui; Lockley, M.G.; Makovicky, P.J.; Matsukawa, M.; Norell, M.A.; Harris, J.D.; Liu, M. (2007). "Behavioral and faunal implications of Early Cretaceous deinonychosaur trackways from China".
4134:
2218:
scavenged also indicates that it was an opportunistic and actively predatory animal, feeding on carrion during times of drought or famine, if in poor health, or depending on the animal's age.
591:, considerably smaller than the approximately 2 m (6.6 ft) tall and 90 kg (200 lb) reptiles seen in the novels and films (which were based on members of the related genus
4632:
Godefroit, Pascal; Cau, Andrea; Hu, Dong-Yu; Escuillié, François; Wu, Wenhao; Dyke, Gareth (2013). "A Jurassic avialan dinosaur from China resolves the early phylogenetic history of birds".
798:
remains in northern China. American scientists returned to Mongolia in 1990, and a joint Mongolian-American expedition to the Gobi, led by the American Museum of Natural History and the
1020:, with adults measuring between 1.5–2.07 m (4.9–6.8 ft) long, approximately 0.5 m (1.6 ft) high at the hips, and weighing about 14.1–19.7 kg (31–43 lb).
766:
2172:
lost their feathers secondarily due to larger body size. Furthermore, they noted that quill knobs are almost never found in flightless bird species today, and that their presence in
5716:
Eberth, D. A. (1993). "Depositional environments and facies transitions of dinosaur-bearing Upper Cretaceous redbeds at Bayan Mandahu (Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China)".
3015:
3835:
2449:
to simulate the dinosaur's prey. Though the sickle claw did penetrate the abdominal wall, it was unable to tear it open, indicating that the claw was not used to disembowel prey.
1431:
dinosaurs. This enlarged claw, which could grow to over 6.5 cm (2.6 in) long around its outer edge, was most likely a predatory device used to restrain struggling prey.
948:
specimen, MPC-D 100/976. He concluded that the overall morphology of the former was more derived (advanced) than the latter, suggesting that they could represent distinct taxa.
2546:, which also has a weak bite, to finish off its prey if the kicks were not powerful enough. These predatory adaptations working together may also have implications for the
2488:
itself. Dromeosaur footprints in China suggest that a few other raptor genera may have hunted in packs, but there have been no conclusive examples of pack behavior found.
1142:
was the anteriormost bone in the skull, and it was longer than taller. While its posterior end joined the nasal, the main body of the premaxilla touched the maxilla. The
2650:
did, tend to be warm-blooded, since these coverings function as insulation. However, bone growth rates in dromaeosaurids and some early birds suggest a more moderate
939:
mainly based on cranial similarities with the holotype skull, although they stated that differences were present between the pelvic region of this specimen and other
1151:
posterior border of the maxilla formed (predominantly) the antorbital fenestra, one of the several large holes in the skull. Both premaxilla and maxilla had several
3928:
Examination of morphological variation across Velociraptor mongoliensis specimens reveals a new species with possible ecomorphological variation in snout dimensions
3111:
to discuss details of the animal's possible range of behaviors and appearance. Crichton at one point apologetically told Ostrom that he had decided to use the name
4787:"Cranial Anatomy of New Specimens of Saurornitholestes langstoni (Dinosauria, Theropoda, Dromaeosauridae) from the Dinosaur Park Formation (Campanian) of Alberta"
5413:
Hone, David; Choiniere, Jonah; Sullivan, Corwin; Xu, Xing; Pittman, Michael; Tan, Qingwei (2010). "New evidence for a trophic relationship between the dinosaurs
3908:"New shallow snouted species of Velociraptor sheds light on intraspecific variation in Velociraptor mongoliensis and possible niche partitioning between species"
3733:
Evans, D.C.; Larson, D.W.; Currie, P.J. (2013). "A new dromaeosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) with Asian affinities from the latest Cretaceous of North America".
5994:"Trace fossils on dinosaur bones from Upper Cretaceous eolian deposits in Mongolia: Taphonomic interpretation of paleoecosystems in ancient desert environments"
2764:
barrier which would cause the specific faunal compositions found in these areas, it is more likely that those differences indicate a slight time difference.
5760:"New Stratigraphic Subdivision, Depositional Environment, and Age Estimate for the Upper Cretaceous Djadokhta Formation, Southern Ulan Nur Basin, Mongolia"
2176:(presumed to have been flightless due to its relatively large size and short forelimbs) is evidence that the ancestors of dromaeosaurids could fly, making
2683:
and most other non-avian dinosaurs may not have possessed a fully or well-developed nasal thermoregulation apparatus as modern endothermic animals do.
2603:
In a 2024 study by Tse, Miller, and Pittman et al., focusing on the skull morphology and bite forces of various dromaeosaurids, it was discovered that
1427:
and other dromaeosaurids to walk on only their third and fourth digits. It bore a relatively large, sickle-shaped claw, typical of dromaeosaurid and
2391:
The distinctive claw, on the second digit of dromaeosaurids, has traditionally been depicted as a slashing weapon; its assumed use being to cut and
536:
was about 1.5–2.07 m (4.9–6.8 ft) long with a body mass around 14.1–19.7 kg (31–43 lb). It nevertheless shared many of the same
7427:
4372:"A large, short-armed, winged dromaeosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of China and its implications for feather evolution"
1183:
The back or anterior region of the skull was built by the frontal, lacrimal, postorbital, jugal, parietal, quadrate, and quadratojugal bones. The
7338:
3539:
Norell, Mark A.; Makovicky, Peter J. (1999). "Important features of the dromaeosaurid skeleton II: information from newly collected specimens of
5637:
Molnar, R.E. (2001). "Theropod Paleopathology: A Literature Survey". In Carpenter, Kenneth; Skrepnick, Michael William; Tanke, Darren H (eds.).
1386:(fingers), which ended up in strongly curved unguals (claw bones) that were similar in construction and flexibility to the wing bones of modern
874:(the main tooth-bearing bones of the upper jaw, and the bone that forms the anterior margin of the eye socket, respectively) recovered from the
1295:. It had a small hole near its posterior end, called surangular foramen or fenestra. Both bones were the largest elements of the lower jaw of
7422:
2923:
is known from both members, represented by numerous specimens. The Bayn Dzak Member (mainly Bayn Dzak locality) has yielded the oviraptorid
2380:, active throughout the day during short intervals, suggesting that the fight may have occurred at twilight or during low-light conditions.
2180:
and other large members of this family secondarily flightless, though it is possible the large wing feathers inferred in the ancestors of
5008:"Estimating bite force in extinct dinosaurs using phylogenetically predicted physiological cross-sectional areas of jaw adductor muscles"
4836:"New Dromaeosaurid Dinosaur (Theropoda, Dromaeosauridae) from New Mexico and Biodiversity of Dromaeosaurids at the end of the Cretaceous"
974:
analyses to compare several dromaeosaurid maxillae, and found the maxilla of MPC-D 100/982 to strongly differ from specimens referred to
141:
2188:
may have been used for display, for covering their nests while brooding, or for added speed and thrust when running up inclined slopes.
1287:
was a very long, weakly curved, and narrow element that developed several alveoli on its top surface. On its posterior end, it meet the
7417:
7392:
6339:
6396:
5243:
2734:
died shortly after, possibly from the earlier injury. Nevertheless, the team noted that this broken ribs shows signs of bone healing.
1507:." However, dromaeosaurid classification is highly variable. Originally, the subfamily Velociraptorinae was erected solely to contain
6375:
3465:
2701:
skull bearing two parallel rows of small punctures on its frontal bones that, upon closer examination, match the spacing and size of
1546:, functioned as a sort of 'wastebin' taxon, where many unrelated species were grouped together). As dinosaur discoveries multiplied,
1191:
was large element, having a vaguely rectangular shape when seen from above. On its posterior end, this bone was in contact with the
7312:
6318:
1219:(often called cheek bone), which was a large, sub-triangular-shaped element. Its lower border was notably straight/horizontal. The
962:
Mark J. Powers in his 2020 master thesis fully described MPC-D 100/982, which he concluded to represent a new and third species of
6312:
4549:
5759:
4197:
2646:
to some degree, as it required a significant amount of energy to hunt. Modern animals that possess feathery or furry coats, like
1048:("wing" feathers stemming from the forearm). However, the specimen number has been corrected to IGM 100/3503 and its referral to
5367:
3573:
Norell, Mark A.; Makovicky, Peter J. (1997). "Important features of the dromaeosaur skeleton: information from a new specimen".
7412:
5935:"First Ornithomimid (Theropoda, Ornithomimosauria) from the Upper Cretaceous Djadokhta Formation of Tögrögiin Shiree, Mongolia"
5840:
2679:
was recovered below the extant endotherms level by reconstructing its nasal respiratory cavity. Tada with team suggested that
6127:
6097:
6049:
5823:
5648:
5400:
4769:
4733:
3961:
3292:
3186:
was given quill-like structures along the back of the head and neck, but these structures do not resemble the feathers that
982:
to separate dromaeosaurid maxillae, most notably finding that MPC-D 100/982 falls outside the instraspecific variability of
5551:"Evolutionary process toward avian-like cephalic thermoregulation system in Theropoda elucidated based on nasal structures"
2578:
before biting in the jaw area. The evidence was seen as supporting the inference from the "Fighting Dinosaurs" fossil that
2344:. Burial must have been extremely rapid, judging from the lifelike poses in which the animals were preserved. Parts of the
978:. They indicated that this specimen, based on these results, represents a different species. In 2021 Powers with team used
779:. It is considered a national treasure of Mongolia, and in 2000 it was loaned to the American Museum of Natural History in
3907:
1230:
5492:"Morphological disparity and structural performance of the dromaeosaurid skull informs ecology and evolutionary history"
7215:
6343:
5064:
3260:
1221:
668:
1289:
1136:
5621:
3604:
2975:
has been found at many of the most famous and prolific Djadochta localities. The type specimen was discovered at the
1317:
1254:
1238:
3381:
2881:
2542:
Fowler and colleagues to be comparatively weak, would have been useful for row saw motion bites like the modern day
1301:
1246:
1205:
1193:
4254:"Intestinal preservation in a birdlike dinosaur supports conservatism in digestive canal evolution among theropods"
3216:, along with other changes such as stiffening the tail to account for ossified tendons and de-pronating the hands.
2570:
in the Bayan Mandahu Formation. The authors concluded that the find represented "late-stage carcass consumption by
2562:
In 2010, Hone and colleagues published a paper on their 2008 discovery of shed teeth of what they believed to be a
2437:
1390:. The second digit was the longest of the three digits present, while the first was shortest. The structure of the
1309:
1281:
1185:
1144:
4436:
Sues, H.-D. (1977). "The skull of Velociraptor mongoliensis, a small Cretaceous theropod dinosaur from Mongolia".
4118:
3926:
2484:, there is only limited fossil evidence to support this theory for dromaeosaurids in general and none specific to
6144:
5459:
Hone, D.; Tsuihiji, T.; Watabe, M.; Tsogtbaatr, K. (2012). "Pterosaurs as a food source for small dromaeosaurs".
2830:. Sediments across the formation indicate a similar depositional environment to that of the Djadochta Formation.
1213:
1161:
5774:
573:(commonly referred to as "raptor") is one of the dinosaur genera most familiar to the general public due to its
5839:
Dingus, L.; Loope, D. B.; Dashzeveg, D.; Swisher III, C. C.; Minjin, C.; Novacek, M. J.; Norell, M. A. (2008).
3072:
2996:
2399:
lies underneath, with one of its sickle claws apparently embedded in the throat of its prey, while the beak of
742:
574:
6200:
4608:
4031:"Body mass estimation in non-avian bipeds using a theoretical conversion to quadruped stylopodial proportions"
3711:
7181:
6368:
6271:
5096:
Schmitz, L.; Motani, R. (2011). "Nocturnality in Dinosaurs Inferred from Scleral Ring and Orbit Morphology".
3318:
3167:
2808:
2772:
2427:
of large prey species would have been difficult to slash without a specialized cutting surface. The slashing
1252:. The latter was of great importance for the articulation with the lower jaw. The posteriormost bone was the
799:
769:
100/25; formerly IGM, GIN, or GI SPS), discovered by a Polish-Mongolian team in 1971. The fossil preserves a
687:
fossil known to science—a crushed but complete skull, associated with one of the raptorial second toe claws (
20:
7192:
3785:
3694:
Godefroit, Pascal; Currie, Philip J.; Li, Hong; Shang, Chang Yong; Dong, Zhi-ming (2008). "A new species of
927:
Paleontologists Mark A. Norell and Peter J. Makovicky in 1997 described new and well preserved specimens of
7407:
7198:
5549:
Tada, S.; Tsuihiji, T.; Matsumoto, R.; Hanai, T.; Iwami, Y.; Tomita, N.; Sato, H.; Tsogtbaatar, K. (2023).
1399:
1159:
sockets) on their bottom surfaces. Above the maxilla and making contact with the premaxilla, there was the
979:
935:
with additional specimens. Among these, MPC-D 100/982 was partially described and figured, and referred to
4313:"The Extent of the Preserved Feathers on the Four-Winged Dinosaur Microraptor gui under Ultraviolet Light"
2526:, especially in terms of having an enlarged second claw and a similar range of grasping motion. The short
6228:
754:
153:
7187:
5555:
3355:
3029:
2491:
5677:"A new oviraptorid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Bayan Mandahu, Inner Mongolia"
4683:
DePalma, Robert A.; Burnham, David A.; Martin, Larry D.; Larson, Peter L.; Bakker, Robert T. (2015).
2710:
2458:, a closely related dromaeosaurid, have commonly been found in aggregations of several individuals.
7397:
6472:
6361:
5815:
2472:
have been found in Mongolia, none were closely associated with other individuals. Therefore, while
1335:
3053:
is commonly perceived as a vicious and cunning killer thanks to their portrayal in the 1990 novel
1550:
was later recognized as a dromaeosaurid. All dromaeosaurids have also been referred to the family
7402:
3212:
2760:
2692:
1053:
875:
510:
4911:
King, J. Logan; Sipla, Justin S.; Georgi, Justin A.; Balanoff, Amy M.; Neenan, James M. (2020).
3439:
3410:
2919:
The Djadochta Formation is separated into a lower Bayn Dzak Member and upper Turgrugyin Member.
650:
7369:
7280:
7242:
6285:
6065:
5933:
Chinzorig, T.; Kobayashi, Y.; Tsogtbaatar, K.; Currie, P. J.; Watabe, M.; Barsbold, R. (2017).
5758:
Dashzeveg, D.; Dingus, L.; Loope, D. B.; Swisher III, C. C.; Dulam, T.; Sweeney, M. R. (2005).
5291:(Dinosauria: Theropoda) in the Antlers Formation (Lower Cretaceous: Aptian-Albian) of Oklahoma"
3664:
2937:
2863:
2547:
692:
286:
7343:
6041:
6035:
5286:
3949:
1470:-shape, suggesting that there was considerably more horizontal flexibility than once thought.
7364:
7356:
7225:
5841:"The Geology of Ukhaa Tolgod (Djadokhta Formation, Upper Cretaceous, Nemegt Basin, Mongolia)"
4595:
Norell, M. A.; Clark, J. M.; Turner, A. H.; Makovicky, P. J.; Barsbold, R.; Rowe, T. (2006).
3135:
during production. They portrayed the animals with the size, proportions, and snout shape of
3055:
2931:
1494:
1489:
sub-group of the larger family Dromaeosauridae. It is often placed within its own subfamily,
5807:
757:
scientists, in collaboration with Mongolian colleagues, recovered several more specimens of
481:. Two species are currently recognized, although others have been assigned in the past. The
7299:
6526:
6005:
5946:
5897:
5725:
5688:
5564:
5503:
5464:
5430:
5324:
5255:
5105:
4972:
4847:
4641:
4565:
4499:
4445:
4383:
4324:
4265:
4196:
Napoli, J. G.; Ruebenstahl, A. A.; Bhullar, B.-A. S.; Turner, A. H.; Norell, M. A. (2021).
4149:
4042:
3990:
3872:
3742:
3504:
3440:"Saurornithoididae, a new family of theropod dinosaurs from Central Asia and North America"
3161:
3119:
because the former name was "more dramatic." According to Ostrom, Crichton stated that the
3064:
3034:
2874:
2867:
1045:
3469:
2627:
898:) in 2008. However, the 2013 study noted that while "the elongate shape of the maxilla in
8:
6943:
6330:
6177:
5808:
4753:
3247:
2855:
2161:
1100:
676:
496:
128:
6299:
6009:
5950:
5901:
5729:
5692:
5587:
5568:
5550:
5526:
5507:
5491:
5468:
5434:
5328:
5259:
5109:
4976:
4851:
4645:
4569:
4503:
4449:
4387:
4328:
4269:
4153:
4046:
3994:
3876:
3746:
3508:
2947:. The younger Turgrugyin Member (mainly Tugriken Shireh locality) has produced the bird
2506:
In 2011, Denver Fowler and colleagues suggested a new method by which dromaeosaurs like
2302:
970:
species in having a shallow maxilla morphology. Powers and colleagues also in 2020 used
895:
828:
6680:
6499:
5969:
5934:
5866:
5788:
5348:
5271:
5215:
5190:
5171:
5129:
5034:
5007:
4988:
4939:
4912:
4878:
4835:
4816:
4722:
4665:
4581:
4522:
4483:
4461:
4406:
4371:
4347:
4312:
4288:
4253:
4234:
4173:
4109:
3888:
3816:
3766:
3715:
3634:
3255:
2955:
2416:
2326:
1717:
1688:
1403:
1176:
762:
606:
148:
5244:"Taphonomy and paleobiological implications of Tenontosaurus-Deinonychus associations"
4017:
2243:. For instance, most Asian species have elongated snouts based on the maxilla (namely
1346:
1279:
comprised mainly the dentary, splenial, angular, surangular, and articular bones. The
7351:
7140:
7031:
6967:
6863:
6656:
6205:
6123:
6093:
6045:
5974:
5915:
5870:
5819:
5806:
Jerzykiewicz, T. (1997). "Djadokhta Formation". In Currie, P. J.; Padian, K. (eds.).
5701:
5676:
5654:
5644:
5617:
5611:
5592:
5531:
5396:
5340:
5220:
5175:
5121:
5060:
5039:
4992:
4944:
4883:
4865:
4820:
4808:
4765:
4729:
4657:
4596:
4527:
4465:
4411:
4352:
4293:
4238:
4226:
4165:
4113:
4101:
4008:
3957:
3892:
3820:
3808:
3758:
3719:
3638:
3600:
3336:
3288:
3177:
3006:
2913:
2897:
1683:
1551:
1517:
1466:
one specimen has preserved a series of intact tail vertebrae curved sideways into an
1261:
1211:
was a T-shaped bone and its main body was thin and delicated. Its lower end meet the
966:. This species, which he considered distinct, was stated to mainly differ from other
803:
478:
5792:
5352:
5133:
4177:
3770:
1540:, as was the case with most carnivorous dinosaurs at the time (Megalosauridae, like
1423:
is most famous, was highly modified and held retracted off the ground, which caused
1267:
7064:
7010:
6870:
6848:
6031:
6013:
5964:
5954:
5905:
5856:
5848:
5778:
5770:
5733:
5696:
5582:
5572:
5521:
5511:
5472:
5438:
5332:
5267:
5263:
5210:
5202:
5163:
5113:
5029:
5019:
4980:
4934:
4924:
4873:
4855:
4798:
4692:
4685:"The First Giant Raptor (Theropoda: Dromaeosauridae) from the Hell Creek Formation"
4669:
4649:
4612:
4604:
4577:
4573:
4517:
4507:
4453:
4401:
4391:
4342:
4332:
4283:
4273:
4216:
4208:
4157:
4091:
4060:
4050:
3998:
3880:
3844:
3800:
3750:
3707:
3626:
3578:
3548:
3512:
3326:
3233:
3068:
3060:
2961:
2725:
specimen (MPC-D 100/54, roughly a sub-adult individual) found with the bones of an
2671:
2244:
1822:
1626:
1497:, Velociraptorinae is usually defined as "all dromaeosaurs more closely related to
1490:
887:
824:
356:
266:
4684:
3934:. Virtual Meeting Conference. The Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. p. 211.
3618:
1231:
1171:
1111:
1091:
7124:
6978:
6881:
6594:
6572:
6538:
6457:
6384:
6347:
6240:
6017:
5674:
5476:
5442:
4984:
4717:
4512:
4337:
3884:
3837:
The Evolution of Snout Shape in Eudromaeosaurians and its Ecological Significance
3108:
3079:
2943:
2878:
2527:
2231:
1737:
1669:
1526:
1482:
1451:
1383:
1375:
1152:
848:
474:
253:
237:
37:
6201:"Jurassic World explains its featherless dinos while poking fun at blockbusters"
4198:"A New Dromaeosaurid (Dinosauria: Coelurosauria) from Khulsan, Central Mongolia"
2407:
may have used its sickle claw to pierce vital organs of the throat, such as the
1222:
6782:
5959:
5516:
5189:
Manning, P. L.; Payne, D.; Pennicott, J.; Barrett, P. M.; Ennos, R. A. (2006).
4898:
4860:
4764:(Second ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 196–209.
4278:
3192:
3040:
2976:
2820:
2790:
2499:
2412:
2353:
1537:
1290:
1264:: a rounded and bulbous protuberance that meet the first vertebra of the neck.
1137:
1052:
may require reevaluation, pending further study. Nevertheless, there is strong
672:
639:
5884:
Turner, A. H.; Pol, D.; Clarke, J. A.; Erickson, G. M.; Norell, M. A. (2007).
5336:
4697:
3754:
1756:
1318:
1255:
1239:
1056:
from other dromaeosaurid relatives that indicates the presence of feathers in
695:
designated the skull and claw (which he assumed to come from the hand) as the
7386:
7103:
7017:
6909:
6894:
6833:
6826:
6819:
6809:
6744:
6737:
6666:
6308:
5658:
4869:
4724:
Dinosaurs of the Air: The Evolution and Loss of Flight in Dinosaurs and Birds
4230:
3280:
2543:
2515:
2464:
2335:
2270:
2265:
1999:
1795:
1649:
1503:
1407:
1367:
1302:
1247:
1206:
1194:
1179:
individual), in lateral (A-C), top (B), bottom (D-E), and posterior (E) views
1017:
871:
836:
descriptions of this and other specimens would be published at a later date.
807:
780:
775:
696:
615:
588:
579:
463:
79:
5910:
5885:
5117:
5079:
4161:
4055:
4030:
4003:
3978:
3698:(Dinosauria: Dromaeosauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of northern China".
3665:"The skull of Velociraptor (Theropoda) from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia"
3340:
2838:
1800:
1310:
1282:
1186:
1145:
951:
632:
555:
on each hindfoot, which is thought to have been used to tackle and restrain
7265:
7073:
6994:
6987:
6952:
6931:
6916:
6855:
6722:
6715:
6708:
6698:
6645:
6630:
6149:
5978:
5919:
5596:
5535:
5344:
5224:
5206:
5125:
5043:
4948:
4887:
4812:
4757:
4661:
4531:
4415:
4356:
4297:
4169:
4105:
4080:"The accuracy and precision of body mass estimation in non-avian dinosaurs"
4012:
3843:(Master Thesis). Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta.
3812:
3762:
3619:"A New Dromaeosaurid from the Late Cretaceous Khulsan Locality of Mongolia"
2826:
2814:
2802:
2726:
2714:
2643:
2512:
2408:
2055:
1751:
1542:
1486:
1459:
1299:, contributing to virtually its entire length. Below them were the smaller
1074:
971:
750:
602:
528:
482:
295:
7291:
5285:
Brinkman, Daniel L.; Cifelli, Richard L.; Czaplewski, Nicholas J. (1998).
3977:
Turner, A.H.; Pol, D.; Clarke, J.A.; Erickson, G.M.; Norell, M.A. (2007).
3466:"Fighting Dinosaurs: New Discoveries from Mongolia: Exhibition Highlights"
3171:
were released before the discovery that dromaeosaurs had feathers, so the
2659:
it a good model for the metabolism of primitive birds and dromaeosaurids.
2383:
1908:
1214:
1162:
878:
in 1999 by the Sino-Belgian Dinosaur Expeditions were found to pertain to
7325:
7274:
7117:
7095:
7046:
7002:
6959:
6924:
6902:
6841:
6752:
6687:
6511:
5638:
5239:
5147:
4545:
3848:
3492:
3104:
3083:
2784:
2747:
2655:
2477:
2454:
2293:
2276:
2169:
2153:
1903:
1843:
1778:
1712:
1068:
1024:
908:
844:
680:
593:
522:
54:
5577:
5167:
5024:
4653:
2607:
had high bite force resistance compared to other dromaeosaurids such as
2534:. The RPR method of predation would be consistent with other aspects of
1944:
1652:
conducted by James G. Napoli and team in 2021 during the description of
1558:
a flightless bird). In the past, other dromaeosaurid species, including
810:). While Norell and Makovicky provisionally considered it a specimen of
7317:
7110:
7087:
7039:
6790:
6759:
6637:
6615:
6423:
6414:
6117:
6113:
4457:
4064:
3804:
3206:
3152:
2796:
2778:
2651:
2594:
2446:
2428:
2403:
is clamped down upon the right forelimb of its attacker. This suggests
2392:
2377:
2341:
2236:
1961:
1848:
1773:
1654:
1428:
1200:
1006:
specimens compared in size to a 1.8 m (5 ft 11 in) tall
211:
99:
64:
7330:
4929:
4396:
4096:
4079:
7148:
7080:
6775:
6767:
6673:
6484:
6432:
6325:
5861:
5783:
4803:
4786:
4617:
4221:
3582:
3552:
3463:
3389:
Transactions of the Joint Soviet-Mongolian Paleontological Expedition
3331:
3127:
in almost every detail, and that only the name had been changed. The
2925:
2889:
2871:
2705:
teeth. They suggested that the wound was likely inflicted by another
2667:
2663:
2597:
2369:
2349:
2028:
1939:
1645:
1395:
1236:, was developed. While the upper end of the quadratojugal joined the
913:
816:
791:
730:
720:
556:
548:
224:
165:
104:
48:
41:
7236:
5993:
5737:
4597:"A New Dromaeosaurid Theropod from Ukhaa Tolgod (Ömnögov, Mongolia)"
4482:
Fowler, D.W.; Freedman, E.A.; Scannella, J.B.; Kambic, R.E. (2011).
4029:
Campione, N. E.; Evans, D. C.; Brown, C. M.; Carrano, M. T. (2014).
3516:
3087:. Paleontologists in both the novel and film excavate a skeleton in
2530:
and foot strength, however, would have been more similar to that of
1382:, like other dromaeosaurids, had a large manus with three elongated
999:
7259:
7132:
7053:
7024:
6798:
6608:
6408:
6280:
5932:
4752:
Norell, Mark A.; Makovicky, Peter J. (2004). "Dromaeosauridae". In
4212:
3630:
2949:
2859:
2574:" as the predator would have eaten other parts of a freshly killed
2551:
2227:
2197:, Napoli and team have noted that the referral of this specimen to
2152:
In 2007 Alan H. Turner and colleagues reported the presence of six
1621:
1455:
1331:
1062:
746:
563:
can be distinguished from other dromaeosaurids by its long and low
500:
466:
198:
185:
94:
89:
74:
69:
59:
6353:
5852:
4913:"The endocranium and trophic ecology of Velociraptor mongoliensis"
2600:
in its gut. This was interpreted as showing scavenging behaviour.
2191:
Because of the presence of another dromaeosaurid in Ukhaa Tolgod,
7155:
6441:
6294:
5886:"A Basal Dromaeosaurid and Size Evolution Preceding Avian Flight"
4897:
Material was copied from this source, which is available under a
3979:"A Basal Dromaeosaurid and Size Evolution Preceding Avian Flight"
3088:
2982:
2909:
2893:
2193:
1865:
1416:
1363:
1032:
867:
545:
537:
109:
84:
7304:
5991:
3490:
2654:, compared with most modern warm-blooded mammals and birds. The
2589:
In 2012, Hone and colleagues published a paper that described a
2184:
had a purpose other than flight. The feathers of the flightless
2164:. Turner and colleagues interpreted the presence of feathers on
6730:
6622:
6402:
6266:
5992:
Saneyoshi, M.; Watabe, M.; Suzuki, S.; Tsogtbaatar, K. (2011).
5838:
5757:
5613:
Discovering Dinosaurs In the American Museum of Natural History
5490:
Tse, Yuen Ting; Miller, Case Vincent; Pittman, Michael (2024).
3411:"Narrative of the Polish-Mongolian Paleontological Expeditions"
2905:
2662:
In 2023, Seishiro Tada and team examined the nasal cavities of
2424:
1609:
1462:
1434:
1391:
492:
175:
5675:
Nicholas R. Longrich; Philip J. Currie; Dong Zhi-Ming (2010).
4252:
Wang, X.; Cau, A.; Guo, B.; Ma, F.; Qing, G.; Liu, Y. (2022).
4195:
3954:
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World: A Complete Illustrated Guide
3131:
filmmakers also requested all of Ostrom's published papers on
434:
395:
5154:, an unusual theropod from the Lower Cretaceous of Montana".
4893:
4481:
2519:
2462:
has also been found in association with the large ornithopod
2240:
2160:
specimen (IGM 100/981) from the Ukhaa Tolgod locality of the
1966:
1156:
1007:
787:
704:
564:
541:
514:
459:
5458:
5368:"Dinosaurs behaving badly: Did velociraptors hunt in packs?"
5188:
3190:
would have had in reality due to reasons of continuity. The
2268:, which was lower than that of other dromaeosaurids such as
2033:
1123:
holotype skull (right), rostrum (left), and dentary (bottom)
986:, arguing for a distinct species. They considered that both
5775:
10.1206/0003-0082(2005)498[0001:NSSDEA]2.0.CO;2
5314:
4311:
Hone, D. W. E.; Tischlinger, H.; Xu, X.; Zhang, F. (2010).
3319:"Three new Theropoda, Protoceratops zone, central Mongolia"
3175:
in both films were depicted as scaled and featherless. For
2901:
2885:
2566:
near a tooth-marked jaw bone of what they believed to be a
2523:
2420:
2256:
is a unique exception to Asian taxa with its deep maxilla.
1511:. Other analyses have often included other genera, usually
1387:
1371:
1036:
1028:
723:
nature and carnivorous diet. Osborn named the type species
688:
552:
470:
404:
362:
5548:
4682:
4594:
1870:
413:
371:
5284:
4609:
10.1206/0003-0082(2006)3545[1:ANDTFU]2.0.CO;2
4028:
3712:
10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[432:ANSOVD]2.0.CO;2
3408:
2531:
2432:
2168:
as evidence against the idea that the larger, flightless
2004:
1244:, an irregularly-shaped element, its inner side meet the
425:
419:
386:
377:
6173:"T. Rex at 20: How 'Jurassic Park' science has evolved"
5883:
5412:
4910:
4631:
4133:
Turner, A. H.; Makovicky, P. J.; Norell, M. A. (2007).
3976:
3658:
3656:
3654:
3652:
3650:
3648:
3382:"Carnivorous dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of Mongolia"
1582:. As of 2008, the only currently recognized species of
683:, on 11 August 1923, Peter Kaisen discovered the first
5065:"Evidence of predatory behavior by theropod dinosaurs"
4899:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
4833:
4747:
4745:
4310:
3693:
3568:
3566:
3564:
3562:
3150:
began before the discovery of the large dromaeosaurid
2900:(wind) processes in arid settings with fields of sand
1574:
was the first to be named, these species were renamed
1398:
of the wrist and forced the manus to be held with the
5095:
4834:
Jasinski, S. E.; Sullivan, R. M.; Dodson, P. (2020).
4550:"New information on the anatomy and relationships of
4132:
3616:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3528:
3526:
2877:(between 75 million and 71 million years ago) of the
2721:
In 2012 David Hone and team reported another injured
2441:. The producers of the program created an artificial
1554:
by at least one author (which would, in effect, make
1454:(long bony projections) on the upper surfaces of the
719:('robber' or 'plunderer') and refers to the animal's
416:
374:
365:
16:
Dromaeosaurid dinosaur genus from the Late Cretaceous
4961:
3861:
3645:
3409:
Kielan-Jaworowska, Zofia; Barsbold, Rinchen (1972).
3223:
431:
428:
422:
410:
401:
392:
389:
383:
368:
359:
325:
302:
5609:
4742:
3925:Powers, M. J.; Norell, M A.; Currie, P. J. (2021).
3906:Powers, M. J.; Norell, M A.; Currie, P. J. (2021).
3559:
3484:
407:
380:
5610:Norell, M. A.; Gaffney, E. S.; Dingus, L. (1995).
4721:
4135:"Feather Quill Knobs in the Dinosaur Velociraptor"
3924:
3905:
3786:"Two Morphotypes of the Velociraptor Neurocranium"
3617:Turner, A.H.; Montanari, S.; Norell, M.A. (2021).
3523:
906:," phylogenetic analysis found it to be closer to
5998:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
5670:
5668:
5461:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
5423:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
5231:
5156:Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History
4965:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
3865:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
3732:
2670:(warm-blooded) species, in order to evaluate the
7384:
6058:
5753:
5751:
5749:
5747:
5630:
5489:
5395:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
5278:
5055:
5053:
3662:
3404:
3402:
3078:were actually modeled after the closely related
2395:prey. In the "Fighting Dinosaurs" specimen, the
2348:are missing, which has been seen as evidence of
1199:, and such elements were the main bodies of the
605:, with over a dozen described fossil skeletons.
509:, was named in 2008 for skull material from the
4751:
3956:. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 370.
3572:
3538:
2364:, and modern birds and reptiles indicates that
2226:In 2020, Powers and colleagues re-examined the
551:with a long tail and an enlarged sickle-shaped
6592:
6456:
5665:
4676:
4625:
4588:
4128:
4126:
3464:American Museum of Natural History (c. 2000).
3433:
3431:
3375:
3373:
2896:—of the Djadochta Formation were deposited by
2713:. Because its bone structure shows no sign of
1644:Below are the results for the Eudromaeosauria
1566:, have sometimes been classified in the genus
958:specimen MPC-D 100/982, possibly a new species
6369:
6083:
6081:
5744:
5237:
5191:"Dinosaur killer claws or climbing crampons?"
5050:
4728:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
4477:
4475:
4191:
4189:
4187:
4077:
3689:
3687:
3685:
3399:
3312:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3304:
6024:
5805:
4827:
4251:
2697:Norell with colleagues in 1995 reported one
741:While North American teams were shut out of
495:of this species have been discovered in the
6220:
5454:
5452:
4784:
4712:
4710:
4708:
4431:
4429:
4427:
4425:
4123:
3943:
3941:
3912:Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology
3589:
3428:
3370:
3099:range. Crichton met with the discoverer of
2631:3D scan and nasal cavity reconstruction of
714:
708:
660:holotype skull and associated manual ungual
443:
142:Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences
6376:
6362:
6106:
6078:
5832:
5308:
5140:
4955:
4778:
4538:
4472:
4369:
4184:
3682:
3610:
3347:
3301:
2742:
2352:by other animals. Comparisons between the
127:
6136:
5968:
5958:
5909:
5860:
5782:
5700:
5643:. Indiana Univ. Press. pp. 337–363.
5586:
5576:
5525:
5515:
5391:Long, John, and Schouten, Peter. (2008).
5214:
5059:
5033:
5023:
4938:
4928:
4877:
4859:
4802:
4696:
4616:
4521:
4511:
4405:
4395:
4346:
4336:
4287:
4277:
4220:
4095:
4054:
4002:
3330:
2912:(river-deposited) sedimentation, under a
2387:Size comparison of the Fighting Dinosaurs
1315:, closely articulated to each other. The
6192:
6164:
6030:
5449:
5406:
5393:Feathered Dinosaurs: The Origin of Birds
5005:
4705:
4422:
3938:
3437:
3379:
2990:
2837:
2746:
2626:
2490:
2382:
1620:
1608:
1433:
1345:
1266:
1170:
998:
950:
843:
7428:Multispecific non-avian dinosaur genera
6336:at Dr. Scott Hartman's Skeletal Drawing
6226:
3783:
3356:"The discovery of an unknown continent"
3196:sequel trilogy ignored the feathers of
2329:" specimen, found in 1971, preserves a
2201:is currently subject to reexamination.
1594:. However, several studies have found "
1341:
920:might not actually belong to the genus
622:
520:Smaller than other dromaeosaurids like
7385:
6112:
6087:
6040:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp.
5814:. San Diego: Academic Press. pp.
5715:
5636:
5365:
5146:
4544:
4078:Campione, N. E.; Evans, D. C. (2020).
3833:
3353:
3316:
3091:, far from the central Asian range of
2833:
2557:
7241:
7240:
6395:
6357:
6145:"Director Loses Utahraptor Name Game"
6142:
6122:. New York: Bantam Books. p. 4.
3279:
2311:The "Fighting Dinosaurs" specimen of
2283:
2247:), indicating a selective feeding in
1035:covering—have been reported from the
1031:" feathers and direct indicator of a
839:
7423:Taxa named by Henry Fairfield Osborn
6198:
6170:
6092:. London: Titan Books. p. 175.
4785:Currie, P. J.; Evans, D. C. (2019).
4716:
4488:and the Origin of Flapping in Birds"
4435:
3947:
2264:was scored with a bite force of 304
1617:(2) compared with other dromaeosaurs
6383:
6340:Videos about the Fighting Dinosaurs
5298:Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin
3663:Barsbold, R.; Osmólska, H. (1999).
3457:
2737:
2209:Examinations of the endocranium of
1134:premaxilla, and maxilla bones. The
1060:, including dromaeosaurids such as
13:
6344:American Museum of Natural History
5718:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
5248:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
4558:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
3700:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
3497:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
3261:Timeline of dromaeosaurid research
2445:leg with a sickle claw and used a
761:. The most famous is part of the "
669:American Museum of Natural History
14:
7439:
7418:Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia
7393:Campanian genus first appearances
6313:Wikijunior Dinosaurs/Velociraptor
6259:
2870:is estimated to date back to the
2858:(also spelled Djadokhta), in the
2770:lived alongside the ankylosaurid
2686:
1473:
1334:(equal in shape) and had several
890:and colleagues named these bones
691:6515). In 1924, museum president
7221:
7220:
7197:
7191:
7186:
7180:
6307:
6293:
6279:
6265:
5702:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00968.x
4892:
4035:Methods in Ecology and Evolution
3285:Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
3240:
3226:
3038:(left), and the design from the
3014:
3005:
2782:; closely related dromaeosaurid
2593:specimen with a long bone of an
2438:The Truth About Killer Dinosaurs
2301:
2292:
2054:
2032:
2003:
1965:
1943:
1907:
1869:
1847:
1799:
1777:
1755:
1716:
1687:
1271:Isolated tooth of ZPAL MgD-I/97a
1110:
1099:
1090:
814:, it was named as a new species
703:. This name is derived from the
649:
631:
607:One particularly famous specimen
355:
152:
52:
5985:
5926:
5877:
5799:
5709:
5603:
5542:
5483:
5385:
5366:Switek, Brian (29 March 2011).
5359:
5182:
5089:
4999:
4904:
4370:Lü, J.; Brusatte, S.L. (2015).
4363:
4304:
4245:
4071:
4022:
3970:
3918:
3899:
3855:
3827:
3777:
3726:
3597:Dinosaurs of the Flaming Cliffs
3200:, adhering to the designs from
2142:
786:Between 1988 and 1990, a joint
738:during its formal description.
675:(Bayn Dzak or Bayanzag) of the
491:, named and described in 1924.
5268:10.1080/02724634.1995.10011256
4578:10.1080/02724634.1995.10011250
3273:
3028:used for creating some of the
2997:Velociraptors in Jurassic Park
2908:, as indicated by very sparse
2846:in the arid Djadochta settings
1625:Comparison of some members of
1532:When first described in 1924,
1419:. The second digit, for which
994:
882:, but not to the type species
477:epoch, about 75 million to 71
1:
7413:Fossil taxa described in 1924
4689:Paleontological Contributions
3672:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
3266:
3168:The Lost World: Jurassic Park
2854:have been recovered from the
2809:Protoceratops hellenikorhinus
2773:Pinacosaurus mephistocephalus
2622:
800:Mongolian Academy of Sciences
21:Velociraptor (disambiguation)
6227:Katwala, A. (10 June 2022).
6018:10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.07.024
5477:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.02.021
5443:10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.03.028
4985:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109704
4760:; Osmólska, Halszka (eds.).
4513:10.1371/journal.pone.0028964
4438:Paläontologische Zeitschrift
4338:10.1371/journal.pone.0009223
3914:. CSVP Online Abstracts: 31.
3885:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109704
3595:Novacek, Michael J. (1996).
3024:The "Dinosaur Input Device"
1016:was a small to medium-sized
980:Principal Component Analysis
783:for a temporary exhibition.
583:films. In reality, however,
7:
6331:Skeletal reconstruction of
3219:
3204:. However, the dromaeosaur
2147:
1602:to be distantly related to
1564:Saurornitholestes langstoni
1438:Skeletal reconstruction of
1350:Line diagram of the pes of
924:and requires reassessment.
894:(for Polish paleontologist
734:), eventually changed into
10:
7444:
6143:Adams, B. (15 June 1993).
5960:10.1038/s41598-017-05272-6
5556:Royal Society Open Science
5517:10.1186/s12862-024-02222-5
4861:10.1038/s41598-020-61480-7
4484:"The Predatory Ecology of
4279:10.1038/s41598-022-24602-x
4018:Supporting Online Material
3599:. New York: Anchor Books.
3438:Barsbold, Rinchen (1974).
3380:Barsbold, Rinchen (1983).
3287:(3 rd ed.). Longman.
3123:of the novel was based on
3095:but characteristic of the
3044:trilogy, Hong Kong (right)
2994:
2690:
2476:is commonly depicted as a
2221:
2156:in the ulna of a referred
1658:, showing the position of
1446:As in other dromaeosaurs,
587:was roughly the size of a
567:, with an upturned snout.
18:
7249:
7210:
7178:
7063:
6977:
6942:
6889:
6880:
6808:
6697:
6655:
6603:
6588:
6569:
6537:
6519:
6510:
6492:
6483:
6465:
6452:
6391:
6333:Velociraptor mongoliensis
6321:Velociraptor mongoliensis
6199:Polo, S. (10 June 2015).
6171:Dhar, M. (17 June 2013).
5845:American Museum Novitates
5810:Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs
5767:American Museum Novitates
5616:. Knopf Inc. p. 43.
5496:BMC Ecology and Evolution
5337:10.1007/s00114-007-0310-7
5078:: 135–144. Archived from
4698:10.17161/paleo.1808.18764
4601:American Museum Novitates
4552:Dromaeosaurus albertensis
4205:American Museum Novitates
3755:10.1007/s00114-013-1107-5
3623:American Museum Novitates
3575:American Museum Novitates
3545:American Museum Novitates
3541:Velociraptor mongoliensis
3323:American Museum Novitates
2884:. The abundant sediments—
2852:Velociraptor mongoliensis
2431:was tested during a 2005
2331:Velociraptor mongoliensis
2204:
2047:
2025:
2018:
1996:
1989:
1958:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1900:
1893:
1862:
1840:
1833:
1826:
1792:
1770:
1748:
1741:
1731:
1709:
1702:
1680:
1673:
1536:was placed in the family
1481:is a member of the group
812:Velociraptor mongoliensis
322:
317:
307:Velociraptor mongoliensis
301:
294:
149:Scientific classification
147:
135:
126:
30:
5640:Mesozoic Vertebrate Life
4554:(Dinosauria: Theropoda)"
2711:fight within the species
2582:was part of the diet of
1576:Velociraptor antirrhopus
1394:(wrist) bones prevented
1081:
613:locked in combat with a
6231:Jurassic World Dominion
6229:"The Real Story Behind
5911:10.1126/science.1144066
5317:Die Naturwissenschaften
5289:Deinonychus antirrhopus
5152:Deinonychus antirrhopus
5118:10.1126/science.1200043
4162:10.1126/science.1145076
4056:10.1111/2041-210X.12226
4004:10.1126/science.1144066
3950:"Birdlike Avetheropods"
3795:(Conference Abstract).
3447:Paleontologica Polonica
3418:Paleontologica Polonica
3213:Jurassic World Dominion
3073:"raptors" portrayed in
2751:Restoration of related
2743:Bayan Mandahu Formation
2693:Theropod paleopathology
2319:and restoration of same
1560:Deinonychus antirrhopus
1402:surface facing inward (
1260:and its projection the
1175:Skull of MPC-D 100/25 (
876:Bayan Mandahu Formation
511:Bayan Mandahu Formation
6298:Quotations related to
5207:10.1098/rsbl.2005.0395
5150:(1969). "Osteology of
4119:Supporting Information
3834:Powers, M. J. (2020).
3491:Jerzykiewicz, Tomasz;
3354:Osborn, H. F. (1924).
3317:Osborn, H. F. (1924).
2967:Protoceratops andrewsi
2965:; and protoceratopsid
2938:Protoceratops andrewsi
2904:and only intermittent
2847:
2756:
2636:
2503:
2388:
2336:Protoceratops andrewsi
2317:Protoceratops andrewsi
1641:
1618:
1443:
1355:
1272:
1180:
1010:
959:
902:is similar to that of
864:
715:
709:
693:Henry Fairfield Osborn
7365:Paleobiology Database
5287:"First occurrence of
5274:on 27 September 2007.
5238:Maxwell, W. Desmond;
5006:Sakamoto, M. (2022).
4791:The Anatomical Record
3793:Journal of Morphology
2991:Cultural significance
2932:Pinacosaurus grangeri
2841:
2750:
2630:
2502:with its sickle claws
2494:
2386:
1650:phylogenetic analysis
1624:
1612:
1495:phylogenetic taxonomy
1437:
1406:), not downward. The
1374:(forearm bones), and
1349:
1270:
1174:
1054:phylogenetic evidence
1027:—attachment site of "
1002:
954:
863:(known parts in gray)
847:
6276:at Wikimedia Commons
4754:Weishampel, David B.
4584:on 17 November 2007.
3948:Paul, G. S. (1988).
3849:10.7939/r3-hz8e-5n76
3784:Kundrát, M. (2004).
2868:geological formation
1521:, and more recently
1342:Postcranial skeleton
1316:
1308:
1300:
1288:
1280:
1253:
1245:
1237:
1229:
1220:
1212:
1204:
1192:
1184:
1160:
1143:
1135:
851:skulls, B, D, E are
831:reported a juvenile
773:in battle against a
623:History of discovery
503:. A second species,
19:For other uses, see
7408:Feathered dinosaurs
6944:Saurornitholestinae
6178:The Washington Post
6088:Duncan, J. (2006).
6010:2011PPP...311...38S
5951:2017NatSR...7.5835C
5902:2007Sci...317.1378T
5896:(5843): 1378–1381.
5730:1993CaJES..30.2196E
5693:2010Palgy..53..945L
5578:10.1098/rsos.220997
5569:2023RSOS...1020997T
5508:2024BMCEE..24...39T
5469:2012PPP...331...27H
5435:2010PPP...291..488H
5329:2008NW.....95..185L
5260:1995JVPal..15..707M
5168:10.2307/j.ctvqc6gzx
5110:2011Sci...332..705S
5025:10.7717/peerj.13731
4977:2020PPP...54709704P
4852:2020NatSR..10.5105J
4654:10.1038/nature12168
4646:2013Natur.498..359G
4570:1995JVPal..15..576C
4504:2011PLoSO...628964F
4450:1977PalZ...51..173S
4388:2015NatSR...511775L
4329:2010PLoSO...5.9223H
4270:2022NatSR..1219965W
4154:2007Sci...317.1721T
4047:2014MEcEv...5..913C
3995:2007Sci...317.1378T
3989:(5843): 1378–1381.
3877:2020PPP...54709704P
3747:2013NW....100.1041E
3735:Naturwissenschaften
3509:1993CaJES..30.2180J
3472:on 23 November 2010
3248:Paleontology portal
3107:, several times at
2856:Djadochta Formation
2850:Known specimens of
2834:Djadochta Formation
2800:; protoceratopsids
2755:in paleoenvironment
2558:Scavenging behavior
2162:Djadochta Formation
912:, making the genus
677:Djadochta Formation
540:features. It was a
497:Djadochta Formation
6319:3D skull model of
6090:The Winston Effect
5939:Scientific Reports
5061:Carpenter, Kenneth
4971:(109704): 109704.
4917:Journal of Anatomy
4840:Scientific Reports
4458:10.1007/BF02986567
4376:Scientific Reports
4258:Scientific Reports
4084:Biological Reviews
3871:(109704): 109704.
3805:10.1002/jmor.10224
3256:Fighting Dinosaurs
3210:was feathered for
2935:; protoceratopsid
2848:
2812:; and troodontids
2757:
2666:(cold-blooded) or
2637:
2635:skull MPC-D 100/54
2548:origin of flapping
2504:
2389:
2327:Fighting Dinosaurs
2284:Predatory behavior
1642:
1619:
1444:
1410:(foot) anatomy of
1366:(upper arm bone),
1362:was formed by the
1356:
1273:
1181:
1177:Fighting Dinosaurs
1011:
960:
865:
840:Additional species
763:Fighting Dinosaurs
743:communist Mongolia
699:of his new genus,
671:expedition to the
638:Photograph of the
7380:
7379:
7352:Open Tree of Life
7243:Taxon identifiers
7234:
7233:
7206:
7205:
7176:
7175:
7172:
7171:
7141:Saurornitholestes
7032:Saurornitholestes
6968:Saurornitholestes
6657:Halszkaraptorinae
6584:
6583:
6580:
6579:
6565:
6564:
6561:
6560:
6557:
6556:
6270:Media related to
6129:978-0-553-57561-3
6099:978-1-84576-365-7
6066:Yale's legacy in
6051:978-0-394-58816-2
5825:978-0-12-226810-6
5724:(10): 2196–2213.
5650:978-0-253-33907-2
5401:978-0-19-537266-3
4930:10.1111/joa.13253
4771:978-0-520-24209-8
4735:978-0-8018-6763-7
4640:(7454): 359–362.
4546:Currie, Philip J.
4397:10.1038/srep11775
4097:10.1111/brv.12638
3963:978-0-671-61946-6
3503:(10): 2180–2195.
3493:Currie, Philip J.
3294:978-1-4058-8118-0
3178:Jurassic Park III
2941:; and troodontid
2914:semi-arid climate
2139:
2138:
2130:
2129:
2121:
2120:
2112:
2111:
2103:
2102:
2094:
2093:
2085:
2084:
2076:
2075:
2067:
2066:
1978:
1977:
1882:
1881:
1812:
1811:
1684:Saurornitholestes
1552:Archaeopterygidae
1518:Saurornitholestes
1275:The lower jaw of
1262:occipital condyle
804:Washington Irving
749:, expeditions by
601:is well known to
479:million years ago
346:
345:
340:
290:
7435:
7373:
7372:
7360:
7359:
7347:
7346:
7334:
7333:
7321:
7320:
7308:
7307:
7295:
7294:
7285:
7284:
7283:
7270:
7269:
7268:
7238:
7237:
7224:
7223:
7201:
7195:
7190:
7184:
7065:Velociraptorinae
7011:Dromaeosauroides
6887:
6886:
6871:Zhongjianosaurus
6849:Sinornithosaurus
6601:
6600:
6590:
6589:
6517:
6516:
6490:
6489:
6463:
6462:
6454:
6453:
6447:
6446:
6393:
6392:
6378:
6371:
6364:
6355:
6354:
6311:
6297:
6284:Data related to
6283:
6269:
6253:
6252:
6250:
6248:
6236:s Dino Feathers"
6235:
6224:
6218:
6217:
6215:
6213:
6196:
6190:
6189:
6187:
6185:
6168:
6162:
6161:
6159:
6157:
6140:
6134:
6133:
6110:
6104:
6103:
6085:
6076:
6062:
6056:
6055:
6028:
6022:
6021:
5989:
5983:
5982:
5972:
5962:
5930:
5924:
5923:
5913:
5881:
5875:
5874:
5864:
5836:
5830:
5829:
5813:
5803:
5797:
5796:
5786:
5764:
5755:
5742:
5741:
5713:
5707:
5706:
5704:
5672:
5663:
5662:
5634:
5628:
5627:
5607:
5601:
5600:
5590:
5580:
5546:
5540:
5539:
5529:
5519:
5487:
5481:
5480:
5456:
5447:
5446:
5429:(3–4): 488–492.
5410:
5404:
5389:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5378:
5363:
5357:
5356:
5312:
5306:
5305:
5295:
5282:
5276:
5275:
5270:. Archived from
5235:
5229:
5228:
5218:
5186:
5180:
5179:
5144:
5138:
5137:
5093:
5087:
5086:
5085:on 19 July 2011.
5084:
5069:
5057:
5048:
5047:
5037:
5027:
5003:
4997:
4996:
4959:
4953:
4952:
4942:
4932:
4908:
4902:
4896:
4891:
4881:
4863:
4831:
4825:
4824:
4806:
4804:10.1002/ar.24241
4782:
4776:
4775:
4749:
4740:
4739:
4727:
4718:Paul, Gregory S.
4714:
4703:
4702:
4700:
4680:
4674:
4673:
4629:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4592:
4586:
4585:
4580:. Archived from
4542:
4536:
4535:
4525:
4515:
4479:
4470:
4469:
4444:(3–4): 173–184.
4433:
4420:
4419:
4409:
4399:
4367:
4361:
4360:
4350:
4340:
4308:
4302:
4301:
4291:
4281:
4264:(19965): 19965.
4249:
4243:
4242:
4224:
4202:
4193:
4182:
4181:
4139:
4130:
4121:
4117:
4099:
4090:(6): 1759–1797.
4075:
4069:
4068:
4058:
4026:
4020:
4016:
4006:
3974:
3968:
3967:
3945:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3922:
3916:
3915:
3903:
3897:
3896:
3859:
3853:
3852:
3842:
3831:
3825:
3824:
3790:
3781:
3775:
3774:
3730:
3724:
3723:
3691:
3680:
3679:
3669:
3660:
3643:
3642:
3614:
3608:
3593:
3587:
3586:
3570:
3557:
3556:
3536:
3521:
3520:
3488:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3477:
3468:. Archived from
3461:
3455:
3454:
3444:
3435:
3426:
3425:
3415:
3406:
3397:
3396:
3386:
3377:
3368:
3367:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3334:
3314:
3299:
3298:
3277:
3250:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3236:
3234:Dinosaurs portal
3231:
3230:
3229:
3069:Steven Spielberg
3061:Michael Crichton
3018:
3009:
2962:Aepyornithomimus
2953:; dromaeosaurid
2776:; alvarezsaurid
2738:Paleoenvironment
2672:thermoregulatory
2540:
2305:
2296:
2245:velociraptorines
2058:
2036:
2021:
2020:
2007:
1992:
1991:
1969:
1947:
1932:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1911:
1896:
1895:
1873:
1851:
1836:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1823:Velociraptorinae
1803:
1781:
1759:
1744:
1743:
1734:
1733:
1720:
1705:
1704:
1691:
1676:
1675:
1666:
1665:
1627:Velociraptorinae
1491:Velociraptorinae
1320:
1312:
1304:
1292:
1284:
1257:
1249:
1241:
1233:
1224:
1216:
1208:
1196:
1188:
1168:lacrimal bones.
1164:
1147:
1139:
1114:
1103:
1094:
896:Halszka Osmólska
888:Pascal Godefroit
829:Halszka Osmólska
825:Rinchen Barsbold
794:team discovered
718:
712:
656:Line diagram of
653:
635:
457:
454:
451:
448:
445:
441:
440:
437:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
409:
406:
403:
398:
397:
394:
391:
388:
385:
382:
379:
376:
373:
370:
367:
364:
361:
334:
327:
304:
285:
278:
267:Velociraptorinae
265:
252:
236:
157:
156:
131:
121:
51:
36:Temporal range:
28:
27:
7443:
7442:
7438:
7437:
7436:
7434:
7433:
7432:
7398:Djadochta fauna
7383:
7382:
7381:
7376:
7368:
7363:
7355:
7350:
7342:
7337:
7329:
7324:
7316:
7311:
7303:
7298:
7290:
7288:
7279:
7278:
7273:
7264:
7263:
7258:
7245:
7235:
7230:
7202:
7168:
7125:Luanchuanraptor
7059:
6979:Dromaeosaurinae
6973:
6938:
6882:Eudromaeosauria
6876:
6804:
6693:
6651:
6597:
6595:Dromaeosauridae
6576:
6573:Dromaeosauridae
6553:
6539:Dromaeosauridae
6533:
6506:
6479:
6473:Avemetatarsalia
6458:Avemetatarsalia
6448:
6398:
6397:
6387:
6385:Dromaeosauridae
6382:
6348:Wayback Machine
6262:
6257:
6256:
6246:
6244:
6233:
6225:
6221:
6211:
6209:
6197:
6193:
6183:
6181:
6169:
6165:
6155:
6153:
6141:
6137:
6130:
6111:
6107:
6100:
6086:
6079:
6075:, 18 June 2015.
6063:
6059:
6052:
6029:
6025:
5990:
5986:
5931:
5927:
5882:
5878:
5837:
5833:
5826:
5804:
5800:
5762:
5756:
5745:
5738:10.1139/e93-191
5714:
5710:
5673:
5666:
5651:
5635:
5631:
5624:
5608:
5604:
5547:
5543:
5488:
5484:
5463:. 331–332: 27.
5457:
5450:
5411:
5407:
5390:
5386:
5376:
5374:
5364:
5360:
5313:
5309:
5293:
5283:
5279:
5240:Ostrom, John H.
5236:
5232:
5195:Biology Letters
5187:
5183:
5148:Ostrom, John H.
5145:
5141:
5104:(6030): 705–8.
5094:
5090:
5082:
5067:
5058:
5051:
5004:
5000:
4960:
4956:
4909:
4905:
4832:
4828:
4783:
4779:
4772:
4750:
4743:
4736:
4715:
4706:
4681:
4677:
4630:
4626:
4593:
4589:
4543:
4539:
4480:
4473:
4434:
4423:
4368:
4364:
4309:
4305:
4250:
4246:
4200:
4194:
4185:
4137:
4131:
4124:
4076:
4072:
4027:
4023:
3975:
3971:
3964:
3946:
3939:
3931:
3923:
3919:
3904:
3900:
3860:
3856:
3840:
3832:
3828:
3788:
3782:
3778:
3731:
3727:
3692:
3683:
3667:
3661:
3646:
3615:
3611:
3594:
3590:
3571:
3560:
3537:
3524:
3517:10.1139/e93-190
3489:
3485:
3475:
3473:
3462:
3458:
3442:
3436:
3429:
3413:
3407:
3400:
3384:
3378:
3371:
3360:Natural History
3352:
3348:
3315:
3302:
3295:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3246:
3241:
3239:
3232:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3165:and its sequel
3109:Yale University
3065:film adaptation
3048:
3047:
3046:
3045:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3011:
3010:
2999:
2993:
2973:V. mongoliensis
2959:: ornithomimid
2944:Saurornithoides
2929:; ankylosaurid
2921:V. mongoliensis
2879:Late Cretaceous
2844:V. mongoliensis
2842:Restoration of
2836:
2788:; oviraptorids
2745:
2740:
2699:V. mongoliensis
2695:
2689:
2633:V. mongoliensis
2625:
2560:
2538:
2498:restraining an
2496:V. mongoliensis
2323:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2313:V. mongoliensis
2308:
2307:
2306:
2298:
2297:
2286:
2224:
2207:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2131:
2122:
2113:
2104:
2095:
2086:
2077:
2068:
1979:
1883:
1813:
1738:Dromaeosaurinae
1670:Eudromaeosauria
1604:V. mongoliensis
1588:V. mongoliensis
1527:Dromaeosaurinae
1483:Eudromaeosauria
1476:
1452:prezygapophyses
1440:V. mongoliensis
1354:(MPC-D 100/985)
1352:V. mongoliensis
1344:
1322:
1314:
1306:
1294:
1286:
1259:
1251:
1243:
1235:
1226:
1218:
1210:
1198:
1190:
1166:
1149:
1141:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1121:V. mongoliensis
1117:
1116:
1115:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1096:
1095:
1084:
997:
988:V. mongoliensis
984:V. mongoliensis
937:V. mongoliensis
929:V. mongoliensis
904:V. mongoliensis
884:V. mongoliensis
853:V. mongoliensis
849:Velociraptorine
842:
736:V. mongoliensis
725:V. mongoliensis
665:
664:
663:
662:
661:
658:V. mongoliensis
654:
645:
644:
643:
636:
625:
603:paleontologists
488:V. mongoliensis
475:Late Cretaceous
455:
452:
449:
446:
400:
358:
354:
333:
313:
310:
284:
276:
263:
254:Eudromaeosauria
250:
238:Dromaeosauridae
234:
151:
138:V. mongoliensis
122:
120:
119:
118:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
46:
45:
38:Late Cretaceous
34:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7441:
7431:
7430:
7425:
7420:
7415:
7410:
7405:
7403:Eudromaeosaurs
7400:
7395:
7378:
7377:
7375:
7374:
7361:
7348:
7335:
7322:
7309:
7296:
7286:
7271:
7255:
7253:
7247:
7246:
7232:
7231:
7229:
7228:
7218:
7211:
7208:
7207:
7204:
7203:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7173:
7170:
7169:
7167:
7166:
7159:
7152:
7145:
7137:
7129:
7121:
7114:
7107:
7100:
7092:
7084:
7077:
7069:
7067:
7061:
7060:
7058:
7057:
7050:
7043:
7036:
7028:
7021:
7014:
7007:
6999:
6991:
6983:
6981:
6975:
6974:
6972:
6971:
6964:
6956:
6948:
6946:
6940:
6939:
6937:
6936:
6928:
6921:
6913:
6906:
6899:
6890:
6884:
6878:
6877:
6875:
6874:
6867:
6860:
6852:
6845:
6838:
6830:
6823:
6815:
6813:
6806:
6805:
6803:
6802:
6795:
6787:
6783:Unquillosaurus
6779:
6772:
6764:
6756:
6749:
6741:
6734:
6727:
6719:
6712:
6704:
6702:
6695:
6694:
6692:
6691:
6684:
6677:
6670:
6662:
6660:
6653:
6652:
6650:
6649:
6642:
6634:
6627:
6619:
6612:
6604:
6598:
6593:
6586:
6585:
6582:
6581:
6578:
6577:
6570:
6567:
6566:
6563:
6562:
6559:
6558:
6555:
6554:
6552:
6551:
6550:
6549:
6543:
6541:
6535:
6534:
6532:
6531:
6530:
6529:
6520:
6514:
6508:
6507:
6505:
6504:
6503:
6502:
6493:
6487:
6481:
6480:
6478:
6477:
6476:
6475:
6466:
6460:
6450:
6449:
6445:
6444:
6435:
6426:
6417:
6411:
6405:
6389:
6388:
6381:
6380:
6373:
6366:
6358:
6352:
6351:
6337:
6328:
6316:
6305:
6291:
6290:at Wikispecies
6277:
6261:
6260:External links
6258:
6255:
6254:
6219:
6191:
6163:
6135:
6128:
6105:
6098:
6077:
6068:Jurassic World
6064:Cummings, M. "
6057:
6050:
6023:
6004:(1–2): 38–47.
5984:
5945:(5835): 5835.
5925:
5876:
5847:(3616): 1–40.
5831:
5824:
5798:
5769:(3498): 1–31.
5743:
5708:
5687:(5): 945–960.
5664:
5649:
5629:
5622:
5602:
5541:
5482:
5448:
5405:
5384:
5358:
5323:(3): 185–191.
5307:
5277:
5254:(4): 707–712.
5230:
5201:(1): 110–112.
5181:
5139:
5088:
5049:
4998:
4954:
4923:(5): 861–869.
4903:
4826:
4797:(4): 691–715.
4777:
4770:
4762:The Dinosauria
4741:
4734:
4704:
4675:
4624:
4603:(3545): 1–51.
4587:
4564:(3): 576–591.
4537:
4498:(12): e28964.
4471:
4421:
4362:
4303:
4244:
4213:10.1206/3982.1
4207:(3982): 1–47.
4183:
4148:(5845): 1721.
4122:
4070:
4041:(9): 913–923.
4021:
3969:
3962:
3937:
3917:
3898:
3854:
3826:
3776:
3741:(11): 1041–9.
3725:
3706:(2): 432–438.
3681:
3644:
3631:10.1206/3965.1
3625:(3965): 1–48.
3609:
3588:
3577:(3215): 1–28.
3558:
3547:(3282): 1–45.
3522:
3483:
3456:
3427:
3398:
3391:(in Russian).
3369:
3346:
3300:
3293:
3281:Wells, John C.
3271:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3237:
3221:
3218:
3193:Jurassic World
3146:Production on
3067:, directed by
3041:Jurassic World
3023:
3022:
3013:
3012:
3004:
3003:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2995:Main article:
2992:
2989:
2977:Flaming Cliffs
2835:
2832:
2821:Papiliovenator
2791:Machairasaurus
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2691:Main article:
2688:
2687:Paleopathology
2685:
2624:
2621:
2559:
2556:
2500:oviraptorosaur
2413:carotid artery
2376:may have been
2368:may have been
2310:
2309:
2300:
2299:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2223:
2220:
2206:
2203:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2137:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2024:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2009:
1995:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1935:
1930:
1928:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1899:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1839:
1834:
1832:
1827:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1747:
1742:
1740:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1708:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1679:
1674:
1672:
1664:
1538:Megalosauridae
1475:
1474:Classification
1472:
1442:(MPC-D 100/25)
1343:
1340:
1256:occipital bone
1119:
1118:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1098:
1097:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1080:
996:
993:
859:sp., and F is
841:
838:
713:('swift') and
673:Flaming Cliffs
655:
648:
647:
646:
640:Flaming Cliffs
637:
630:
629:
628:
627:
626:
624:
621:
575:prominent role
469:that lived in
344:
343:
342:
341:
320:
319:
318:Other species
315:
314:
311:
299:
298:
292:
291:
274:
270:
269:
261:
257:
256:
248:
241:
240:
232:
228:
227:
222:
215:
214:
209:
202:
201:
196:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
145:
144:
133:
132:
124:
123:
115:
114:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
35:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7440:
7429:
7426:
7424:
7421:
7419:
7416:
7414:
7411:
7409:
7406:
7404:
7401:
7399:
7396:
7394:
7391:
7390:
7388:
7371:
7366:
7362:
7358:
7353:
7349:
7345:
7340:
7336:
7332:
7327:
7323:
7319:
7314:
7310:
7306:
7301:
7297:
7293:
7287:
7282:
7276:
7272:
7267:
7261:
7257:
7256:
7254:
7252:
7248:
7244:
7239:
7227:
7219:
7217:
7213:
7212:
7209:
7200:
7196:
7194:
7189:
7183:
7165:
7164:
7160:
7158:
7157:
7153:
7151:
7150:
7146:
7143:
7142:
7138:
7135:
7134:
7130:
7127:
7126:
7122:
7120:
7119:
7115:
7113:
7112:
7108:
7106:
7105:
7104:Kansaignathus
7101:
7098:
7097:
7093:
7090:
7089:
7085:
7083:
7082:
7078:
7076:
7075:
7071:
7070:
7068:
7066:
7062:
7056:
7055:
7051:
7049:
7048:
7044:
7042:
7041:
7037:
7034:
7033:
7029:
7027:
7026:
7022:
7020:
7019:
7018:Dromaeosaurus
7015:
7013:
7012:
7008:
7005:
7004:
7000:
6997:
6996:
6992:
6990:
6989:
6985:
6984:
6982:
6980:
6976:
6970:
6969:
6965:
6962:
6961:
6957:
6955:
6954:
6950:
6949:
6947:
6945:
6941:
6934:
6933:
6929:
6927:
6926:
6922:
6919:
6918:
6914:
6912:
6911:
6910:Dineobellator
6907:
6905:
6904:
6900:
6897:
6896:
6892:
6891:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6879:
6873:
6872:
6868:
6866:
6865:
6861:
6858:
6857:
6853:
6851:
6850:
6846:
6844:
6843:
6839:
6836:
6835:
6834:Hesperonychus
6831:
6829:
6828:
6827:Graciliraptor
6824:
6822:
6821:
6820:Changyuraptor
6817:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6810:Microraptoria
6807:
6801:
6800:
6796:
6793:
6792:
6788:
6785:
6784:
6780:
6778:
6777:
6773:
6770:
6769:
6765:
6762:
6761:
6757:
6755:
6754:
6750:
6747:
6746:
6745:Ornithodesmus
6742:
6740:
6739:
6738:Neuquenraptor
6735:
6733:
6732:
6728:
6725:
6724:
6720:
6718:
6717:
6713:
6711:
6710:
6706:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6696:
6690:
6689:
6685:
6683:
6682:
6678:
6676:
6675:
6671:
6669:
6668:
6667:Halszkaraptor
6664:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6654:
6648:
6647:
6643:
6640:
6639:
6635:
6633:
6632:
6628:
6625:
6624:
6620:
6618:
6617:
6613:
6611:
6610:
6606:
6605:
6602:
6599:
6596:
6591:
6587:
6575:
6574:
6568:
6547:
6546:
6545:
6544:
6542:
6540:
6536:
6528:
6524:
6523:
6522:
6521:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6509:
6501:
6497:
6496:
6495:
6494:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6482:
6474:
6470:
6469:
6468:
6467:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6455:
6451:
6443:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6412:
6410:
6406:
6404:
6400:
6399:
6394:
6390:
6386:
6379:
6374:
6372:
6367:
6365:
6360:
6359:
6356:
6349:
6345:
6341:
6338:
6335:
6334:
6329:
6327:
6323:
6322:
6317:
6314:
6310:
6306:
6303:
6302:
6296:
6292:
6289:
6288:
6282:
6278:
6275:
6274:
6268:
6264:
6263:
6243:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6223:
6208:
6207:
6202:
6195:
6180:
6179:
6174:
6167:
6152:
6151:
6146:
6139:
6131:
6125:
6121:
6120:
6115:
6109:
6101:
6095:
6091:
6084:
6082:
6074:
6070:
6069:
6061:
6053:
6047:
6043:
6039:
6038:
6037:Jurassic Park
6033:
6027:
6019:
6015:
6011:
6007:
6003:
5999:
5995:
5988:
5980:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5952:
5948:
5944:
5940:
5936:
5929:
5921:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5903:
5899:
5895:
5891:
5887:
5880:
5872:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5854:
5853:10.1206/442.1
5850:
5846:
5842:
5835:
5827:
5821:
5817:
5812:
5811:
5802:
5794:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5776:
5772:
5768:
5761:
5754:
5752:
5750:
5748:
5739:
5735:
5731:
5727:
5723:
5719:
5712:
5703:
5698:
5694:
5690:
5686:
5682:
5681:Palaeontology
5678:
5671:
5669:
5660:
5656:
5652:
5646:
5642:
5641:
5633:
5625:
5623:9780520225015
5619:
5615:
5614:
5606:
5598:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5570:
5566:
5563:(4). 220997.
5562:
5558:
5557:
5552:
5545:
5537:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5509:
5505:
5501:
5497:
5493:
5486:
5478:
5474:
5470:
5466:
5462:
5455:
5453:
5444:
5440:
5436:
5432:
5428:
5424:
5420:
5419:Protoceratops
5416:
5409:
5402:
5398:
5394:
5388:
5373:
5369:
5362:
5354:
5350:
5346:
5342:
5338:
5334:
5330:
5326:
5322:
5318:
5311:
5303:
5299:
5292:
5290:
5281:
5273:
5269:
5265:
5261:
5257:
5253:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5234:
5226:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5208:
5204:
5200:
5196:
5192:
5185:
5177:
5173:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5149:
5143:
5135:
5131:
5127:
5123:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5099:
5092:
5081:
5077:
5073:
5066:
5062:
5056:
5054:
5045:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5017:
5013:
5009:
5002:
4994:
4990:
4986:
4982:
4978:
4974:
4970:
4966:
4958:
4950:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4922:
4918:
4914:
4907:
4900:
4895:
4889:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4853:
4849:
4845:
4841:
4837:
4830:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4796:
4792:
4788:
4781:
4773:
4767:
4763:
4759:
4758:Dodson, Peter
4755:
4748:
4746:
4737:
4731:
4726:
4725:
4719:
4713:
4711:
4709:
4699:
4694:
4690:
4686:
4679:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4659:
4655:
4651:
4647:
4643:
4639:
4635:
4628:
4619:
4614:
4610:
4606:
4602:
4598:
4591:
4583:
4579:
4575:
4571:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4555:
4553:
4547:
4541:
4533:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4505:
4501:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4487:
4478:
4476:
4467:
4463:
4459:
4455:
4451:
4447:
4443:
4439:
4432:
4430:
4428:
4426:
4417:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4389:
4385:
4381:
4377:
4373:
4366:
4358:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4318:
4314:
4307:
4299:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4259:
4255:
4248:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4206:
4199:
4192:
4190:
4188:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4167:
4163:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4136:
4129:
4127:
4120:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4089:
4085:
4081:
4074:
4066:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4025:
4019:
4014:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3996:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3980:
3973:
3965:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3944:
3942:
3930:
3929:
3921:
3913:
3909:
3902:
3894:
3890:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3858:
3850:
3846:
3839:
3838:
3830:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3787:
3780:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3729:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3690:
3688:
3686:
3678:(2): 189–219.
3677:
3673:
3666:
3659:
3657:
3655:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3613:
3606:
3605:0-385-47774-0
3602:
3598:
3592:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3569:
3567:
3565:
3563:
3554:
3550:
3546:
3542:
3535:
3533:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3494:
3487:
3471:
3467:
3460:
3452:
3448:
3441:
3434:
3432:
3423:
3419:
3412:
3405:
3403:
3394:
3390:
3383:
3376:
3374:
3366:(2): 133–149.
3365:
3361:
3357:
3350:
3342:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3325:(144): 1–12.
3324:
3320:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3296:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3276:
3272:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3238:
3235:
3224:
3217:
3215:
3214:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3202:Jurassic Park
3199:
3195:
3194:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3179:
3174:
3170:
3169:
3164:
3163:
3162:Jurassic Park
3158:
3155:
3154:
3149:
3148:Jurassic Park
3144:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3129:Jurassic Park
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3080:dromaeosaurid
3077:
3076:
3075:Jurassic Park
3070:
3066:
3063:and its 1993
3062:
3058:
3057:
3056:Jurassic Park
3052:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3036:
3035:Jurassic Park
3031:
3027:
3017:
3008:
2998:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2968:
2964:
2963:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2939:
2934:
2933:
2928:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2880:
2876:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2845:
2840:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2823:
2822:
2817:
2816:
2811:
2810:
2805:
2804:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2792:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2780:
2775:
2774:
2769:
2765:
2762:
2761:Bayan Mandahu
2754:
2749:
2735:
2733:
2728:
2724:
2719:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2660:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2634:
2629:
2620:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2609:Dromaeosaurus
2606:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2592:
2587:
2585:
2581:
2580:Protoceratops
2577:
2576:Protoceratops
2573:
2569:
2568:Protoceratops
2565:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2544:Komodo dragon
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2516:birds of prey
2514:
2509:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2487:
2483:
2482:Jurassic Park
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2465:Tenontosaurus
2461:
2457:
2456:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2439:
2435:documentary,
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2401:Protoceratops
2398:
2394:
2385:
2381:
2379:
2375:
2374:Protoceratops
2371:
2367:
2363:
2362:Protoceratops
2359:
2355:
2354:scleral rings
2351:
2347:
2346:Protoceratops
2343:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2328:
2318:
2314:
2304:
2295:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2272:
2271:Dromaeosaurus
2267:
2263:
2257:
2255:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2232:eudromaeosaur
2229:
2219:
2217:
2212:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2195:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2170:maniraptorans
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2135:
2134:
2126:
2125:
2117:
2116:
2108:
2107:
2099:
2098:
2090:
2089:
2081:
2080:
2072:
2071:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2023:
2022:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1994:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1963:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1941:
1934:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1898:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1838:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1808:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1796:Dromaeosaurus
1790:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1768:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1754:
1753:
1746:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1707:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1685:
1678:
1677:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1656:
1651:
1648:based on the
1647:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1623:
1616:
1611:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1505:
1504:Dromaeosaurus
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1471:
1469:
1464:
1461:
1458:, as well as
1457:
1453:
1449:
1441:
1436:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1353:
1348:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1326:The teeth of
1324:
1321:
1313:
1305:
1298:
1293:
1285:
1278:
1269:
1265:
1263:
1258:
1250:
1242:
1234:
1232:quadratojugal
1225:
1217:
1209:
1202:
1197:
1189:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1158:
1154:
1148:
1140:
1132:
1129:The skull of
1122:
1113:
1102:
1093:
1079:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1070:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1019:
1018:dromaeosaurid
1015:
1009:
1005:
1001:
992:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
957:
953:
949:
947:
942:
938:
934:
930:
925:
923:
919:
915:
911:
910:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
837:
834:
830:
826:
821:
819:
818:
813:
809:
808:Ichabod Crane
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
784:
782:
781:New York City
778:
777:
776:Protoceratops
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
739:
737:
733:
732:
726:
722:
717:
711:
706:
702:
698:
697:type specimen
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
659:
652:
641:
634:
620:
618:
617:
616:Protoceratops
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
595:
590:
586:
582:
581:
580:Jurassic Park
576:
572:
568:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
530:
525:
524:
518:
516:
512:
508:
507:
502:
498:
494:
490:
489:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
465:
464:dromaeosaurid
461:
439:
352:
351:
338:
332:
331:
330:V.? osmolskae
324:
323:
321:
316:
309:
308:
300:
297:
293:
288:
283:
282:
275:
272:
271:
268:
262:
259:
258:
255:
249:
246:
243:
242:
239:
233:
230:
229:
226:
223:
220:
217:
216:
213:
210:
207:
204:
203:
200:
197:
194:
191:
190:
187:
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
155:
150:
146:
143:
139:
134:
130:
125:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
50:
43:
39:
33:
29:
26:
22:
7281:Velociraptor
7251:Velociraptor
7250:
7185:
7163:Velociraptor
7162:
7161:
7154:
7147:
7139:
7131:
7123:
7116:
7109:
7102:
7094:
7086:
7079:
7074:Acheroraptor
7072:
7052:
7045:
7038:
7030:
7023:
7016:
7009:
7001:
6995:Dakotaraptor
6993:
6988:Achillobator
6986:
6966:
6958:
6953:Atrociraptor
6951:
6932:Zhenyuanlong
6930:
6923:
6917:Tianyuraptor
6915:
6908:
6901:
6893:
6869:
6862:
6856:Tianyuraptor
6854:
6847:
6840:
6832:
6825:
6818:
6797:
6789:
6781:
6774:
6766:
6758:
6751:
6743:
6736:
6729:
6723:Dakotaraptor
6721:
6716:Buitreraptor
6714:
6709:Austroraptor
6707:
6699:Unenlagiinae
6686:
6679:
6672:
6665:
6646:Zhenyuanlong
6644:
6636:
6631:Tianyuraptor
6629:
6621:
6614:
6607:
6571:
6437:
6428:
6419:
6332:
6320:
6315:at Wikibooks
6304:at Wikiquote
6301:Velociraptor
6300:
6287:Velociraptor
6286:
6273:Velociraptor
6272:
6245:. Retrieved
6239:
6230:
6222:
6210:. Retrieved
6204:
6194:
6182:. Retrieved
6176:
6166:
6154:. Retrieved
6150:Deseret News
6148:
6138:
6118:
6114:Bakker, R.T.
6108:
6089:
6072:
6067:
6060:
6036:
6032:Crichton, M.
6026:
6001:
5997:
5987:
5942:
5938:
5928:
5893:
5889:
5879:
5844:
5834:
5809:
5801:
5766:
5721:
5717:
5711:
5684:
5680:
5639:
5632:
5612:
5605:
5560:
5554:
5544:
5499:
5495:
5485:
5460:
5426:
5422:
5418:
5415:Velociraptor
5414:
5408:
5392:
5387:
5377:17 September
5375:. Retrieved
5372:The Guardian
5371:
5361:
5320:
5316:
5310:
5301:
5297:
5288:
5280:
5272:the original
5251:
5247:
5233:
5198:
5194:
5184:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5142:
5101:
5097:
5091:
5080:the original
5075:
5071:
5015:
5011:
5001:
4968:
4964:
4957:
4920:
4916:
4906:
4843:
4839:
4829:
4794:
4790:
4780:
4761:
4723:
4688:
4678:
4637:
4633:
4627:
4600:
4590:
4582:the original
4561:
4557:
4551:
4540:
4495:
4491:
4485:
4441:
4437:
4382:(5): 11775.
4379:
4375:
4365:
4323:(2): e9223.
4320:
4316:
4306:
4261:
4257:
4247:
4204:
4145:
4141:
4087:
4083:
4073:
4038:
4034:
4024:
3986:
3982:
3972:
3953:
3927:
3920:
3911:
3901:
3868:
3864:
3857:
3836:
3829:
3796:
3792:
3779:
3738:
3734:
3728:
3703:
3699:
3696:Velociraptor
3695:
3675:
3671:
3622:
3612:
3596:
3591:
3574:
3544:
3540:
3500:
3496:
3486:
3474:. Retrieved
3470:the original
3459:
3450:
3446:
3421:
3417:
3392:
3388:
3363:
3359:
3349:
3322:
3284:
3275:
3211:
3205:
3201:
3198:Velociraptor
3197:
3191:
3188:Velociraptor
3187:
3184:Velociraptor
3183:
3176:
3173:Velociraptor
3172:
3166:
3160:
3159:
3151:
3147:
3145:
3141:Velociraptor
3140:
3139:rather than
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3121:Velociraptor
3120:
3116:
3115:in place of
3113:Velociraptor
3112:
3100:
3096:
3093:Velociraptor
3092:
3082:
3074:
3054:
3051:Velociraptor
3050:
3049:
3039:
3033:
3026:Velociraptor
3025:
2981:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2960:
2954:
2948:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2924:
2920:
2918:
2862:province of
2851:
2849:
2843:
2827:Philovenator
2825:
2819:
2815:Linhevenator
2813:
2807:
2803:Bagaceratops
2801:
2795:
2789:
2783:
2777:
2771:
2768:V. osmolskae
2767:
2766:
2758:
2752:
2732:Velociraptor
2731:
2723:Velociraptor
2722:
2720:
2707:Velociraptor
2706:
2703:Velociraptor
2702:
2698:
2696:
2681:Velociraptor
2680:
2677:Velociraptor
2676:
2661:
2648:Velociraptor
2647:
2644:warm-blooded
2640:Velociraptor
2639:
2638:
2632:
2617:Velociraptor
2616:
2612:
2608:
2605:Velociraptor
2604:
2602:
2591:Velociraptor
2590:
2588:
2584:Velociraptor
2583:
2579:
2575:
2572:Velociraptor
2571:
2567:
2564:Velociraptor
2563:
2561:
2536:Velociraptor
2535:
2508:Velociraptor
2507:
2505:
2495:
2486:Velociraptor
2485:
2481:
2474:Velociraptor
2473:
2470:Velociraptor
2469:
2463:
2459:
2453:
2451:
2443:Velociraptor
2442:
2436:
2409:jugular vein
2405:Velociraptor
2404:
2400:
2397:Velociraptor
2396:
2390:
2373:
2366:Velociraptor
2365:
2361:
2358:Velociraptor
2357:
2345:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2316:
2312:
2275:
2269:
2262:Velociraptor
2261:
2258:
2254:Achillobator
2253:
2249:Velociraptor
2248:
2239:and overall
2225:
2216:Velociraptor
2215:
2211:Velociraptor
2210:
2208:
2199:Velociraptor
2198:
2192:
2190:
2186:Velociraptor
2185:
2182:Velociraptor
2181:
2178:Velociraptor
2177:
2174:Velociraptor
2173:
2166:Velociraptor
2165:
2158:Velociraptor
2157:
2151:
2143:Paleobiology
2051:Velociraptor
2050:
2049:
2048:
2027:
2026:
1998:
1997:
1960:
1959:
1938:
1937:
1902:
1901:
1864:
1863:
1842:
1841:
1794:
1793:
1772:
1771:
1752:Achillobator
1750:
1749:
1711:
1710:
1682:
1681:
1660:Velociraptor
1659:
1653:
1643:
1639:Velociraptor
1638:
1634:
1630:
1629:, featuring
1615:Velociraptor
1614:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1592:V. osmolskae
1591:
1587:
1584:Velociraptor
1583:
1580:V. langstoni
1579:
1575:
1572:Velociraptor
1571:
1568:Velociraptor
1567:
1563:
1559:
1556:Velociraptor
1555:
1548:Velociraptor
1547:
1543:Megalosaurus
1541:
1534:Velociraptor
1533:
1531:
1522:
1516:
1512:
1509:Velociraptor
1508:
1502:
1499:Velociraptor
1498:
1479:Velociraptor
1478:
1477:
1467:
1448:Velociraptor
1447:
1445:
1439:
1425:Velociraptor
1424:
1421:Velociraptor
1420:
1412:Velociraptor
1411:
1380:Velociraptor
1379:
1360:Velociraptor
1359:
1357:
1351:
1330:were fairly
1328:Velociraptor
1327:
1325:
1297:Velociraptor
1296:
1277:Velociraptor
1276:
1274:
1182:
1131:Velociraptor
1130:
1128:
1120:
1075:Zhenyuanlong
1073:
1067:
1061:
1058:Velociraptor
1057:
1050:Velociraptor
1049:
1041:Velociraptor
1040:
1039:of a single
1022:
1014:Velociraptor
1013:
1012:
1004:Velociraptor
1003:
987:
983:
976:Velociraptor
975:
972:morphometric
968:Velociraptor
967:
964:Velociraptor
963:
961:
956:Velociraptor
955:
946:Velociraptor
945:
941:Velociraptor
940:
936:
933:Velociraptor
932:
928:
926:
922:Velociraptor
921:
918:V. osmolskae
917:
914:paraphyletic
907:
903:
900:V. osmolskae
899:
892:V. osmolskae
891:
883:
880:Velociraptor
879:
866:
861:V. osmolskae
860:
856:
852:
833:Velociraptor
832:
822:
815:
811:
796:Velociraptor
795:
785:
774:
771:Velociraptor
770:
765:" specimen (
759:Velociraptor
758:
740:
735:
729:
724:
701:Velociraptor
700:
685:Velociraptor
684:
666:
657:
614:
611:Velociraptor
610:
609:preserves a
599:Velociraptor
598:
592:
585:Velociraptor
584:
578:
571:Velociraptor
570:
569:
561:Velociraptor
560:
534:Velociraptor
533:
529:Achillobator
527:
521:
519:
506:V. osmolskae
505:
504:
487:
486:
483:type species
350:Velociraptor
349:
348:
347:
336:
329:
328:
312:Osborn, 1924
306:
305:
296:Type species
281:Velociraptor
280:
279:
244:
218:
205:
192:
137:
32:Velociraptor
31:
25:
7326:iNaturalist
7275:Wikispecies
7118:Linheraptor
7096:Deinonychus
7047:Yurgovuchia
7003:Deinonychus
6960:Bambiraptor
6925:Vectiraptor
6903:Bambiraptor
6842:Microraptor
6753:Pamparaptor
6688:Natovenator
6527:Maniraptora
6512:Maniraptora
4846:(1): 5105.
4486:Deinonychus
4065:10088/25281
3137:Deinonychus
3133:Deinonychus
3125:Deinonychus
3117:Deinonychus
3105:John Ostrom
3101:Deinonychus
3097:Deinonychus
3084:Deinonychus
3032:effects in
2785:Linheraptor
2753:Linheraptor
2613:Deinonychus
2611:itself and
2478:pack hunter
2460:Deinonychus
2455:Deinonychus
2452:Remains of
2277:Deinonychus
2274:(885 N) or
2230:of several
2154:quill knobs
1904:Deinonychus
1844:Linheraptor
1713:Bambiraptor
1631:Linheraptor
1513:Deinonychus
1358:The arm of
1223:postorbital
1069:Microraptor
1046:secondaries
1025:quill knobs
995:Description
909:Linheraptor
745:during the
681:Gobi Desert
594:Deinonychus
523:Deinonychus
473:during the
453:swift thief
260:Subfamily:
47:75–71
7387:Categories
7214:See also:
7088:Boreonykus
7040:Utahraptor
6791:Variraptor
6760:Pyroraptor
6638:Variraptor
6616:Pyroraptor
6548:see below↓
6424:Dinosauria
6415:Sauropsida
6119:Raptor Red
5018:: e13731.
3799:(3): 305.
3267:References
3207:Pyroraptor
3153:Utahraptor
2890:sandstones
2797:Wulatelong
2779:Linhenykus
2727:azhdarchid
2652:metabolism
2623:Metabolism
2595:azhdarchid
2528:metatarsus
2513:accipitrid
2447:pork belly
2429:hypothesis
2393:disembowel
2378:cathemeral
2350:scavenging
2237:premaxilla
1774:Utahraptor
1450:tails had
1429:troodontid
1291:surangular
1201:skull roof
1138:premaxilla
1023:Prominent
806:character
667:During an
642:, Mongolia
597:). Today,
538:anatomical
335:Godefroit
212:Saurischia
199:Dinosauria
7081:Adasaurus
6776:Unenlagia
6768:Rahonavis
6674:Hulsanpes
6500:Theropoda
6485:Theropoda
6433:Theropoda
6401:Kingdom:
6326:Sketchfab
6247:21 August
6212:21 August
6184:21 August
6156:21 August
6073:Yale News
5871:129735494
5862:2246/5916
5784:2246/5667
5659:248649755
5502:(1): 39.
5176:210733704
5162:: 1–165.
4993:216499705
4870:2045-2322
4821:202002676
4618:2246/5823
4466:128478862
4239:243849373
4231:0003-0082
4222:2246/7286
4114:221404013
3893:216499705
3821:221869849
3720:129414074
3639:231597229
3583:2246/3557
3553:2246/3025
3476:20 August
3332:2246/3223
3182:the male
2926:Oviraptor
2872:Campanian
2860:Mongolian
2709:during a
2668:endotherm
2664:ectotherm
2598:pterosaur
2552:paravians
2370:nocturnal
2342:sandstorm
2280:(706 N).
1940:Adasaurus
1646:phylogeny
1600:osmolskae
1456:vertebrae
1396:pronation
1336:denticles
1319:articular
1240:squamosal
823:In 1999,
820:in 2021.
817:Shri devi
731:Oviraptor
721:cursorial
549:carnivore
546:feathered
467:dinosaurs
462:of small
225:Theropoda
172:Kingdom:
166:Eukaryota
42:Campanian
7289:BioLib:
7260:Wikidata
7226:Category
7216:Timeline
7133:Nuthetes
7054:Zapsalis
7025:Itemirus
6799:Ypupiara
6681:Mahakala
6609:Daurlong
6409:Chordata
6407:Phylum:
6403:Animalia
6116:(1995).
6034:(1990).
5979:28724887
5920:17823350
5793:55836458
5597:37063996
5588:10090882
5536:38622512
5527:11020771
5403:, p. 21.
5353:16380823
5345:17952398
5242:(1995).
5225:17148340
5134:33253407
5126:21493820
5063:(1998).
5044:35846881
4949:32648601
4888:32218481
4813:31497925
4720:(2002).
4662:23719374
4548:(1995).
4532:22194962
4492:PLOS ONE
4416:26181289
4357:20169153
4317:PLOS ONE
4298:36402874
4178:11610649
4170:17885130
4106:32869488
4013:17823350
3813:15124236
3771:14978813
3763:24248432
3395:: 5–119.
3341:40272928
3283:(2008).
3220:See also
2956:Mahakala
2950:Elsornis
2864:Ömnögovi
2759:In both
2480:, as in
2372:, while
2228:maxillae
2148:Feathers
1613:Size of
1570:. Since
1501:than to
1460:ossified
1404:medially
1378:(hand).
1332:homodont
1303:splenial
1248:quadrate
1207:lacrimal
1195:parietal
1063:Daurlong
916:; thus,
872:lacrimal
868:Maxillae
792:Canadian
747:Cold War
501:Mongolia
231:Family:
186:Chordata
182:Phylum:
176:Animalia
162:Domain:
140:cast at
136:Mounted
7357:4946063
7344:1036520
7318:4822951
7305:2866145
7156:Tsaagan
6442:Paraves
6413:Class:
6206:Polygon
6006:Bibcode
5970:5517598
5947:Bibcode
5898:Bibcode
5890:Science
5726:Bibcode
5689:Bibcode
5565:Bibcode
5504:Bibcode
5465:Bibcode
5431:Bibcode
5325:Bibcode
5304:: 1–27.
5256:Bibcode
5216:1617199
5106:Bibcode
5098:Science
5035:9285543
4973:Bibcode
4940:7542195
4879:7099077
4848:Bibcode
4670:4364892
4642:Bibcode
4566:Bibcode
4523:3237572
4500:Bibcode
4446:Bibcode
4407:4504142
4384:Bibcode
4348:2821398
4325:Bibcode
4289:9675785
4266:Bibcode
4150:Bibcode
4142:Science
4043:Bibcode
3991:Bibcode
3983:Science
3873:Bibcode
3743:Bibcode
3505:Bibcode
3453:: 5–22.
3089:Montana
2983:in situ
2910:fluvial
2906:streams
2894:caliche
2866:. This
2715:healing
2417:trachea
2222:Feeding
2194:Tsaagan
1866:Tsaagan
1635:Tsaagan
1523:Tsaagan
1487:derived
1463:tendons
1417:dewclaw
1364:humerus
1311:angular
1283:dentary
1187:frontal
1153:alveoli
1146:maxilla
1033:feather
855:, C is
788:Chinese
577:in the
542:bipedal
493:Fossils
458:) is a
447:
273:Genus:
116:↓
7331:123140
7292:417378
7266:Q14403
6895:Balaur
6864:Wulong
6731:Diuqin
6623:Shanag
6126:
6096:
6048:
5977:
5967:
5918:
5869:
5822:
5818:−191.
5791:
5657:
5647:
5620:
5595:
5585:
5534:
5524:
5399:
5351:
5343:
5223:
5213:
5174:
5132:
5124:
5042:
5032:
4991:
4947:
4937:
4886:
4876:
4868:
4819:
4811:
4768:
4732:
4691:(14).
4668:
4660:
4634:Nature
4530:
4520:
4464:
4414:
4404:
4355:
4345:
4296:
4286:
4237:
4229:
4176:
4168:
4112:
4104:
4011:
3960:
3891:
3819:
3811:
3769:
3761:
3718:
3637:
3603:
3339:
3291:
3071:. The
2898:eolian
2824:, and
2520:eagles
2425:muscle
2205:Senses
2000:Balaur
1400:palmar
1392:carpal
1384:digits
1368:radius
1203:. The
870:and a
755:Polish
751:Soviet
716:raptor
707:words
589:turkey
339:, 2008
337:et al.
289:, 1924
287:Osborn
7370:38564
7339:IRMNG
6438:Clade
6429:Clade
6420:Clade
6241:Wired
6234:'
5867:S2CID
5789:S2CID
5763:(PDF)
5349:S2CID
5294:(PDF)
5172:S2CID
5130:S2CID
5083:(PDF)
5068:(PDF)
5012:PeerJ
4989:S2CID
4817:S2CID
4666:S2CID
4462:S2CID
4380:11775
4235:S2CID
4201:(PDF)
4174:S2CID
4138:(PDF)
4110:S2CID
3932:(PDF)
3889:S2CID
3841:(PDF)
3817:S2CID
3789:(PDF)
3767:S2CID
3716:S2CID
3668:(PDF)
3635:S2CID
3443:(PDF)
3424:: 11.
3414:(PDF)
3385:(PDF)
2902:dunes
2892:, or
2886:sands
2882:epoch
2875:stage
2539:'
2524:hawks
2415:, or
2325:The "
2241:snout
1493:. In
1388:birds
1376:manus
1215:jugal
1163:nasal
1157:tooth
1082:Skull
1072:, or
1008:human
767:MPC-D
710:velox
705:Latin
565:skull
515:China
460:genus
245:Clade
219:Clade
206:Clade
193:Clade
7313:GBIF
7149:Shri
7111:Kuru
6525:see
6498:see
6471:see
6249:2022
6214:2022
6186:2022
6158:2022
6124:ISBN
6094:ISBN
6046:ISBN
5975:PMID
5916:PMID
5820:ISBN
5655:OCLC
5645:ISBN
5618:ISBN
5593:PMID
5532:PMID
5417:and
5397:ISBN
5379:2020
5341:PMID
5221:PMID
5122:PMID
5072:Gaia
5040:PMID
4945:PMID
4884:PMID
4866:ISSN
4809:PMID
4766:ISBN
4730:ISBN
4658:PMID
4528:PMID
4412:PMID
4353:PMID
4294:PMID
4227:ISSN
4166:PMID
4102:PMID
4009:PMID
3958:ISBN
3809:PMID
3759:PMID
3601:ISBN
3478:2010
3337:OCLC
3289:ISBN
2806:and
2794:and
2656:kiwi
2642:was
2619:.
2532:owls
2522:and
2423:and
2421:skin
2333:and
2315:and
2029:Shri
1962:Kuru
1655:Kuru
1637:and
1590:and
1586:are
1578:and
1562:and
1515:and
1485:, a
1372:ulna
1370:and
1307:and
1037:ulna
1029:wing
827:and
753:and
689:AMNH
557:prey
553:claw
526:and
471:Asia
444:lit.
55:PreꞒ
7300:EoL
6342:at
6324:at
6071:."
6042:117
6014:doi
6002:311
5965:PMC
5955:doi
5906:doi
5894:317
5857:hdl
5849:doi
5816:188
5779:hdl
5771:doi
5734:doi
5697:doi
5583:PMC
5573:doi
5522:PMC
5512:doi
5473:doi
5439:doi
5427:291
5421:".
5333:doi
5302:146
5264:doi
5211:PMC
5203:doi
5164:doi
5114:doi
5102:332
5030:PMC
5020:doi
4981:doi
4969:547
4935:PMC
4925:doi
4921:237
4874:PMC
4856:doi
4799:doi
4795:303
4693:doi
4650:doi
4638:498
4613:hdl
4605:doi
4574:doi
4518:PMC
4508:doi
4454:doi
4402:PMC
4392:doi
4343:PMC
4333:doi
4284:PMC
4274:doi
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