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1077:. The Germans could no longer afford to continue their offensive at Verdun when they were needed so desperately on the Somme. At a cost of some 400,000 German casualties and a similar number of French, the attack was finally called off. The estimated death toll on both sides were 143,000 dead Germans and 162,440 French soldiers. Falkenhayn's plan to bleed France to death – if indeed that had been his intention – had failed.
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1029:. Although French intelligence had warned of his plans, these warnings were ignored by the French Command and troop levels in the area remained low. Consequently, Verdun was utterly unprepared for the initial bombardment on the morning of 21 February 1916. German infantry attacks followed that afternoon and met tenacious but ultimately inadequate resistance for the first four days.
1689:, 1st Class (Grand Cross) for its "tenacious resistance, steadfastness in battle, and heroism of its garrison, having filled a brilliant position in the present war and gloriously proving the worth of a nation's valour and patriotism"; the investiture ceremony took place on 10 October 1917, during President Machado's visit to the
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fell to the
Germans after a murderous hand-to-hand fight inside the fort itself. On 23 June, the Germans reached what would become the furthest point of their advance. The line was just in front of Fort Souville, the last stronghold before Verdun itself. Pétain was making plans to evacuate the right
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Recent scholarship by Holger
Afflerbach and others, however, has questioned the veracity of the Christmas memo. No copy has ever surfaced and the only account of it appeared in Falkenhayn's post-war memoir. His army commanders at Verdun, including the German Crown Prince, denied any knowledge of an
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during a bombardment, and the men were buried where they lay in the trench and the rifles left untouched. However, this is probably not historically accurate: experts agree that the bayonets were probably affixed to the rifles after the attack and installed by survivors to memorialize the spot.
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lined up in a row were discovered projecting out of the ground after the war; below each rifle was the body of a French soldier. It has been assumed that these belonged to a group of soldiers who had rested their rifles against the parapet of the trench they were occupying when they were killed
962:(1914–1916) made plans for a large offensive on the Western Front that ultimately aimed to break the French Army through the application of firepower at a point that the French had to hold for reasons of national prestige. As Falkenhayn recalled it, his so-called "Christmas memorandum" to
905:. The battle was fought on 20 August 1792 between French Revolutionary forces and the Prussian army. The Prussian victory opened the path to Paris for the invading armies. However the Prussians were unable to press their success and abandoned Verdun following the
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blockade and superior military strength. The logic of initiating a battle not to gain territory or a strategic position but simply to create a self-sustaining killing ground—to bleed the French army to death—pointed to the grimness of military vision in 1916.
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near Fort
Douaumont. Thirteen thousand crosses adorn the field in front of the ossuary, which holds roughly 130,000 unidentified remains brought in from the battlefield. Every year yields more remains, which are often placed inside the ossuary's vaults.
1009:, and Falkenhayn suspected that the French would throw as many men as necessary into its defence. Ironically, France had substantially weakened Verdun's defences after the outbreak of the war, an oversight that would contribute to the removal of
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envisioned a massive but limited attack on a French position 'for the retention of which the French
Command would be compelled to throw in every man they have'. Once the French army had bled to death, Britain could be brought down by Germany's
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attrition strategy. It is possible that
Falkenhayn did not specifically design the battle to bleed the French army but used this supposed motive after the fact in an attempt to justify the Verdun offensive, despite its failure.
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and Hill 304 were under continuous heavy bombardment and relentless infantry attacks. Meanwhile, Pétain organised repeated, small-scale counter-attacks to slow the German advance. He also ensured that the sole supply road from
91:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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Falkenhayn massed over 1000 artillery pieces to the north and east of Verdun to precede the infantry advance with intensive artillery bombardment. His attack would hit the French positions on the right bank of the
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visited Verdun and drew up an ambitious scheme to fortify the whole city. Although much of his plan was carried out in the following decades, some of the elements were not completed until after the
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Prost, Antoine. Republican
Identities in War and Peace: Representations of France in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. Edited by Jay Winter. Oxford, New York: Berg, 2002. p.54
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Verdun was the last French fortress to surrender in 1870. Shortly afterwards a new system of fortification was begun. This consisted of a mutually supporting ring of 22
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German gains continued in June, but slowly and only after increasingly heavy losses on their side. On 7 June, following almost a week of bitter resistance,
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The "Subterrean
Citadel" is situated at the entrance of Verdun. It holds 4 km (2 mi) of shafts that used to accommodate soldiers during the war.
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from supreme command at the end of 1916. The attack was slated to begin on 12 February, then 16 February, but the snow forced repeated postponements.
995:. By 1916, the salient at Verdun jutted into the German lines and lay vulnerable to attack from three sides. The historic city of Verdun had been an
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
1775:) was consecrated in 1147 but was built on the site of an earlier church. The 12th-century Lion Door on the north side has a lavishly decorated
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Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
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The battle continued, however, from
October to the end of the year. French offensives, employing new tactics devised by General
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Around this time a city called Verdun was the centre of the thriving
European trade in young boys, who were sold to the Islamic
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to the City of Verdun, one of only two awards of this British decoration to a municipality during World War I, the other being
779:. The identity of the "Verdun" mentioned in sources is disputed because there are many cities called Verdun in Europe (such as
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There are many French and German cemeteries throughout the battlefield. The largest is the French National Cemetery and
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to the northwest of Verdun. It is the final resting place for 14,246 American military dead, most of whom died in the
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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Among many revered memorials on the battlefield is the "Bayonet Trench", which marks the location where some dozen
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was built in the 18th century by Robert de Cotte and has a fine façade. Part of the building is occupied by the
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On 25 February, the Germans occupied Douaumont. French reinforcements—now under the leadership of General
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Abbott, Peter Edward; Tamplin (1981). British Gallantry Awards (2nd ed.). London, UK: Nimrod Dix and Co.
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was built in the 17th century. It is still in military hands but the underlying tunnels can be visited.
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as Chief of General Staff. General Nivelle was promoted over the head of General Pétain to replace
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2003:(in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
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Verdun was the strongest point in pre-war France, ringed by a string of powerful forts, including
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is located in the former residence of the Primicier (the highest-ranking public servant) of
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Illustrated Michelin Guide to the battlefields "Verdun and the Battles for its Possessions"
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pursued by both sides, which led to an enormous loss of life and very long casualty lists.
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as French supreme commander, although he was to hold the post for less than six months.
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is a more feasible identification. It is also possible that Liutprand was referring to
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2373:"BBC - Standard Grade Bitesize History - The Schlieffen Plan : Revision, Page 3"
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Stevenson, Walter (2002). "Eunuchs and early Christianity". In Tougher, Shaun (ed.).
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Nearby, the World War I Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery and Memorial is located at
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2611:[The Battle of Verdun: possible consequences and teachings for Portugal].
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Mélanges Félix Rousseau, Études sur l'histoire du pays mosan au moyen age, 673-686
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2425:"A New Form of Warfare? : Erich von Falkenhayn's Plan for Victory in 1916"
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A History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat, Blackwell Publishing 1992, p.567
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was launched on 1 July, partly to relieve pressure on the French, although the
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Verdun is the biggest city in Meuse, although the capital of the department is
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up to 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from the city and an inner ring of 6 forts.
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2609:"A Batalha de Verdun: possíveis consequências e ensinamentos para Portugal"
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Men of the French 87th Infantry Regiment during the Battle of Verdun, 1916
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791:). While many still identify it as Verdun on the Meuse, some argue that
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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is the only remaining part of the medieval city walls. It leads onto
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2525:(2nd ed.). United States: Smithsonian. 2014. pp. 154–161.
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The Purpose of the First World War: War Aims and Military Strategies
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Overall, the battle lasted 11 months. Falkenhayn was replaced by
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2214:"Eunuch between economy and philology. The case of carzimasium"
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1970:(b. 1962), actress, screen and theatre director, screenwriter
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2019:
The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies
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before Roman times and later a key asset in wars against
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2188:. Classical Press of Wales and Duckworth. p. 148.
2323:"What caused Verdun to be the longest battle of WW1?"
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and the headquarters of the sub-prefecture of Meuse.
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a machine-translated version of the French article.
3199:or no longer part of the Holy Roman Empire by 1792
2546:Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui
1045:into Verdun remained open. It became known as the
1065:bank of the Meuse when the combined Anglo-French
806:or sugared almonds; they were distributed at the
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2775:"Forum Eerste Wereldoorlog, Dutch/Flemish Forum"
2304:. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 195.
696:Paris–Metz–Strasbourg passes south of the town.
670:its name to the longest battle in modern history
6053:States and territories established in the 1370s
6038:Recipients of the Order of Lāčplēsis, 3rd class
1964:(b. 1960), criminologist and forensic scientist
756:'s empire among his three surviving grandsons.
6063:Recipients of the Order of the Tower and Sword
2348:"The Battle of Verdun - History Learning Site"
2252:"Fortified Places > Fortresses > Verdun"
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684:Verdun is situated on both banks of the river
147:Subprefecture and commune in Grand Est, France
109:accompanying your translation by providing an
71:Click for important translation instructions.
58:expand this article with text translated from
27:Subprefecture and commune in Grand Est, France
6048:States and territories disestablished in 1552
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1343:
1124:
893:Despite the extensive fortifications, in the
2302:The Cambridge Illustrated History of Warfare
2118:
2116:
2807:"Photo album of old and modern Verdun area"
2422:
2202:
1020:The city after the German bombardment, 1916
3472:
3458:
2862:
2848:
2694:
2606:
2523:World War 1: The Definitive visual history
2484:
2135:Merovingian Military Organization, 481-751
2001:"Répertoire national des élus: les maires"
882:
802:Since 1200 Verdun has been famous for its
2755:"My visits to the battlefields of Verdun"
2607:Bernardino, Luís Manuel Brás (May 2016).
2211:
2181:
2113:
2007:
1633:
813:Verdun was part of the middle kingdom of
2675:
2637:
2158:
2131:
1051:
1015:
978:
922:
873:
728:. It has been the seat of the bishop of
2749:GPS-Teamproject "Verdun - Somme - 1916"
2562:
14:
6020:
2491:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
2163:(in French). La Renaissance du Livre.
2054:
3453:
3193:
2892:
2843:
2656:
2539:
2517:
2515:
2218:Mélanges de l'École française de Rome
625:
406:31.03 km (11.98 sq mi)
2819:"Verdun — A Battle of the Great war"
2787:American Battle Monuments Commission
2676:Holstein, Christina (January 2009).
2569:Population en historique depuis 1968
2441:from the original on 4 December 2021
1683:President of the Portuguese Republic
1628:A panoramic view of Verdun from 2004
1553:
983:Citadel of Verdun during World War I
40:
2212:Grabowski, Antoni (13 March 2019).
2138:. U of Minnesota Press. p. 4.
1586:Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017)
950:in 1914 and the solidifying of the
24:
6033:Recipients of the Virtuti Militari
2827:"The old fortifications of Verdun"
2743:La place forte de Verdun 1870–1918
2631:
2615:(in Portuguese). Lisbon: Europress
2512:
2485:Afflerbach, Holger (1 July 2015).
1723:A portion of the battlefield today
1610:A panoramic view of Verdun in 1917
1592:
1338:
1119:
913:Battle of Verdun (First World War)
484:194–330 m (636–1,083 ft)
25:
6084:
2714:
1940:(1924–2011), First Lady of France
1859:
1685:, awarded the City of Verdun the
897:the fortress was captured by the
878:Bird's-eye view of Verdun in 1638
6058:Recipients of the Military Cross
3176:
2875:
2659:"The Price of Glory" Verdun 1916
1946:(1942–2018), political scientist
1847:
1835:
1823:
1728:
1716:
1698:
1617:
1599:
1558:
586:
543:
500:
254:
247:
224:
217:
188:
173:
45:
6068:Vauban fortifications in France
2695:Buckingham, William F. (2007).
2600:
2583:
2574:
2478:
2453:
2416:
2390:
2365:
2340:
2315:
2294:
2269:
2244:
2185:Eunuchs in Antiquity and Beyond
1910:(1817–1869), poet and publisher
6028:Communes of Meuse (department)
2642:. Naval & Military Press.
2175:
2152:
2125:
2098:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
2085:
2025:
1993:
850:Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban
767:, where they were enslaved as
255:
225:
119:You may also add the template
13:
1:
2697:Battlefield Guide VERDUN 1916
2132:Bachrach, Bernard S. (1972).
1986:
1928:(1896–1972), choral conductor
1922:(1876-1917), football manager
1101:
946:Following the failure of the
638:; official name before 1970:
5457:Saint-Maurice-sous-les-Côtes
3183:Free Imperial Cities by 1792
2465:Germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org
1743:
1687:Order of the Tower and Sword
1067:offensive on the Somme River
679:
7:
5832:Vigneulles-lès-Hattonchâtel
5447:Saint-Julien-sous-les-Côtes
4342:Frémeréville-sous-les-Côtes
3597:Badonvilliers-Gérauvilliers
3437:Member or associate of the
2893:
1974:
10:
6089:
4482:Hannonville-sous-les-Côtes
3962:Chaumont-devant-Damvillers
2067:Collins English Dictionary
2015:"Populations légales 2021"
1958:(b. 1959), U.S. politician
1920:René Dufaure de Montmirail
1874:(1518–1575), prince-bishop
1110:
916:
903:War of the First Coalition
886:
844:From 1624 to 1636 a large
699:
179:Verdun and the Meuse river
83:Machine translation, like
29:
5995:
5247:Rambluzin-et-Benoite-Vaux
4532:Heudicourt-sous-les-Côtes
4447:Grimaucourt-près-Sampigny
4067:Cousances-lès-Triconville
3492:
3421:
3204:
3189:
3174:
2899:
2888:
2550:Commune data sheet Verdun
2508:– via Google Books.
1934:(1898–1975), U.S. actress
1898:(1729–1792), army general
1896:Jean-Nicolas Desandrouins
1886:(1695–1769), army general
1710:Verdun's Victory Monument
1585:
1551:
1137:—
1073:was the bloodiest in the
935:Verdun was the site of a
771:. The Italian ambassador
488:
480:
464:
443:
426:
422:540/km (1,400/sq mi)
418:
410:
402:
391:
386:
374:
358:
346:
334:
322:
312:
277:
211:
202:
184:
172:
159:
152:
60:the corresponding article
30:For the 1916 battle, see
6043:Subprefectures in France
5452:Saint-Laurent-sur-Othain
5397:Rupt-devant-Saint-Mihiel
5112:Neuville-lès-Vaucouleurs
4972:Montigny-lès-Vaucouleurs
4792:Louvemont-Côte-du-Poivre
4382:Gercourt-et-Drillancourt
4362:Fromeréville-les-Vallons
3952:Châtillon-sous-les-Côtes
3567:Autréville-Saint-Lambert
2834:The subterranean citadel
2736:10 February 2018 at the
2726:Tourist Office of Verdun
2721:Official web site Verdun
2657:Horne, Alistair (1993).
2352:Historyleaningsite.co.uk
2300:Parker, Geoffrey. 2008.
2159:Rousseau, Félix (1958).
1735:World War I memorial at
895:Battle of Verdun in 1792
817:and in 1374 it became a
121:{{Translated|fr|Verdun}}
5532:Savonnières-en-Perthois
5432:Saint-Hilaire-en-Woëvre
5427:Saint-Germain-sur-Meuse
5362:Romagne-sous-Montfaucon
4312:Fleury-devant-Douaumont
4107:Dainville-Bertheléville
3997:Cierges-sous-Montfaucon
3892:Buxières-sous-les-Côtes
2680:. Casemate Publishers.
2638:Michelin (April 2000).
2044:Oxford University Press
1981:Séré de Rivières system
1904:(1746–1823), politician
1854:Verdun episcopal palace
1660:Meuse-Argonne Offensive
1656:Romagne-sous-Montfaucon
931:towards the end of 1916
889:Battle of Verdun (1792)
883:Battle of Verdun (1792)
130:For more guidance, see
36:Verdun (disambiguation)
5912:Villotte-devant-Louppy
5887:Villers-lès-Mangiennes
5547:Senoncourt-lès-Maujouy
5527:Savonnières-devant-Bar
5417:Saint-André-en-Barrois
5412:Saint-Amand-sur-Ornain
5357:Romagne-sous-les-Côtes
4967:Montigny-devant-Sassey
4507:Haumont-près-Samogneux
4422:Gondrecourt-le-Château
4332:Foucaucourt-sur-Thabas
4192:Doncourt-aux-Templiers
4092:Cumières-le-Mort-Homme
4027:Combres-sous-les-Côtes
3977:Chauvency-Saint-Hubert
3587:Azannes-et-Soumazannes
2661:. Penguin Publishing.
1914:Philippe Bunau-Varilla
1868:(1130–1205), goldsmith
1634:Cemetery and memorials
1075:British Army's history
1057:
1038:Cumières-le-Mort-Homme
1021:
984:
932:
879:
34:. For other uses, see
5857:Ville-devant-Chaumont
5837:Vigneul-sous-Montmédy
5612:Les Souhesmes-Rampont
5502:Saulmory-Villefranche
5472:Saint-Remy-la-Calonne
5292:Rembercourt-Sommaisne
5177:Pagny-la-Blanche-Côte
5107:Neuville-en-Verdunois
4932:Moirey-Flabas-Crépion
4847:Martincourt-sur-Meuse
4832:Marchéville-en-Woëvre
4772:Longeville-en-Barrois
4467:Halles-sous-les-Côtes
4442:Grimaucourt-en-Woëvre
4322:Fontaines-Saint-Clair
4167:Dommartin-la-Montagne
4147:Dieppe-sous-Douaumont
4142:Demange-Baudignécourt
4047:Courcelles-en-Barrois
3722:Billy-sous-Mangiennes
3657:Beaumont-en-Verdunois
3572:Avillers-Sainte-Croix
2040:UK English Dictionary
1952:(b. 1946), footballer
1916:(1859–1940), engineer
1892:(1698–1748), composer
1880:(1642–1708), linguist
1677:. On 5 October 1917,
1665:On 12 September 1916
1107:Historical population
1055:
1019:
982:
927:Aerial photograph of
926:
877:
724:) was founded by the
445: • Summer (
268:Show map of Grand Est
132:Knowledge:Translation
103:copyright attribution
5867:Villeroy-sur-Méholle
5852:Ville-devant-Belrain
5707:Tronville-en-Barrois
5647:Thierville-sur-Meuse
5422:Saint-Aubin-sur-Aire
5287:Regnéville-sur-Meuse
5207:Pierrefitte-sur-Aire
5022:Moulins-Saint-Hubert
4957:Montfaucon-d'Argonne
4677:Laneuville-sur-Meuse
4527:Herméville-en-Woëvre
4062:Cousances-les-Forges
3972:Chauvency-le-Château
3847:Brixey-aux-Chanoines
3762:Bouconville-sur-Madt
3757:Le Bouchon-sur-Saulx
3687:Belrupt-en-Verdunois
3677:Belleville-sur-Meuse
3637:Bazincourt-sur-Saulx
3632:Bazeilles-sur-Othain
3502:Abaucourt-Hautecourt
3139:Weißenburg in Bayern
2871:Free imperial cities
2731:The Battle of Verdun
2256:Fortified-places.com
1773:Notre-Dame de Verdun
960:German General Staff
956:Erich von Falkenhayn
773:Liutprand of Cremona
419: • Density
5987:Xivray-et-Marvoisin
5902:Ville-sur-Cousances
5892:Villers-sous-Pareid
5752:Varennes-en-Argonne
5467:Saint-Pierrevillers
5437:Saint-Jean-lès-Buzy
5382:Rouvrois-sur-Othain
5257:Rancourt-sur-Ornain
5132:Nixéville-Blercourt
5122:Neuvilly-en-Argonne
5117:Neuville-sur-Ornain
4842:Marson-sur-Barboure
4762:Longchamps-sur-Aire
4667:Landrecourt-Lempire
4597:Juvigny-en-Perthois
4377:Génicourt-sur-Meuse
4227:Écurey-en-Verdunois
4157:Dombasle-en-Argonne
4052:Courcelles-sur-Aire
4007:Clermont-en-Argonne
3992:Chonville-Malaumont
3872:Broussey-Raulecourt
3857:Brocourt-en-Argonne
3837:Brieulles-sur-Meuse
3737:Boinville-en-Woëvre
3652:Beaulieu-en-Argonne
3647:Beaufort-en-Argonne
3562:Autrécourt-sur-Aire
3557:Aulnois-en-Perthois
3547:Arrancy-sur-Crusnes
3404:Weißenburg in Elsaß
2793:on 11 February 2006
2404:. 25 September 2015
2033:"Verdun, Battle of"
2021:. 28 December 2023.
1944:Sophie Body-Gendrot
1938:Danielle Mitterrand
1884:François de Chevert
1108:
1089:Paul von Hindenburg
958:, the chief of the
865:Franco-Prussian War
839:Peace of Westphalia
810:of French princes.
793:Verdun-sur-le-Doubs
789:Verdun-sur-le-Doubs
661:of the department.
642:) is a city in the
392: • Mayor
293: /
5922:Vilosnes-Haraumont
5877:Villers-devant-Dun
5777:Vaudeville-le-Haut
5702:Les Trois-Domaines
5607:Sorcy-Saint-Martin
5512:Saulx-lès-Champlon
5377:Rouvrois-sur-Meuse
5342:Rigny-Saint-Martin
5312:Revigny-sur-Ornain
5237:Quincy-Landzécourt
5067:Nançois-sur-Ornain
4962:Montiers-sur-Saulx
4952:Mont-devant-Sassey
4817:Mandres-en-Barrois
4722:Lignières-sur-Aire
4672:Laneuville-au-Rupt
4602:Juvigny-sur-Loison
4582:Jonville-en-Woëvre
4542:Horville-en-Ornois
4337:Fouchères-aux-Bois
4267:Erneville-aux-Bois
4262:Érize-Saint-Dizier
4182:Dompierre-aux-Bois
4172:Dommary-Baroncourt
4117:Dammarie-sur-Saulx
4022:Combles-en-Barrois
3842:Brillon-en-Barrois
3792:Brabant-en-Argonne
3782:Bovée-sur-Barboure
3742:Boncourt-sur-Meuse
3717:Biencourt-sur-Orge
3197:imperial immediacy
2232:on 12 October 2021
2226:10.4000/mefrm.2408
2050:on 26 August 2022.
1932:Francine Larrimore
1926:Élisabeth Brasseur
1902:Jean-Nicolas Pache
1866:Nicholas of Verdun
1788:World Peace Centre
1679:Bernardino Machado
1106:
1058:
1022:
985:
964:Kaiser Willhelm II
933:
880:
819:free imperial city
781:Verdun-sur-Garonne
742:Battle of Soissons
394:(2020–2026)
238:Show map of France
205:Location of Verdun
111:interlanguage link
6015:
6014:
5917:Villotte-sur-Aire
5897:Villers-sur-Meuse
5872:Villers-aux-Vents
5792:Vaux-lès-Palameix
5687:Trémont-sur-Saulx
5372:Rouvres-en-Woëvre
5227:Pouilly-sur-Meuse
5172:Ourches-sur-Meuse
4912:Merles-sur-Loison
4857:Maucourt-sur-Orne
4797:Luzy-Saint-Martin
4787:Louppy-sur-Loison
4782:Louppy-le-Château
4632:Lacroix-sur-Meuse
4567:L'Isle-en-Rigault
4497:Les Hauts-de-Chée
4392:Gesnes-en-Argonne
4352:Fresnes-en-Woëvre
3967:Chaumont-sur-Aire
3867:Broussey-en-Blois
3802:Brabant-sur-Meuse
3542:Apremont-la-Forêt
3447:
3446:
3439:Swiss Confederacy
3417:
3416:
3184:
3172:
3171:
2882:Holy Roman Empire
2836:underneath Verdun
2532:978-1-4654-7001-0
2461:"GHDI - Document"
2432:Kclpure.kcl.ac.uk
2423:Robert T. Foley.
2402:Defenceindepth.co
2310:978-0-521-73806-4
2195:978-0-7156-3129-4
2101:. Merriam-Webster
1878:Giovanni Veneroni
1815:palais de justice
1708:at the summit of
1640:Douaumont Ossuary
1590:
1589:
1580:
1579:
1547:
1546:
1328:
1327:
846:bastioned citadel
823:Holy Roman Empire
493:
492:
297:49.162°N 5.3876°E
143:
142:
72:
68:
16:(Redirected from
6080:
6073:Three Bishoprics
5492:Sassey-sur-Meuse
5392:Rupt-aux-Nonains
5317:Réville-aux-Bois
5277:Récourt-le-Creux
5232:Pretz-en-Argonne
5157:Olizy-sur-Chiers
5147:Noyers-Auzécourt
5137:Nonsard-Lamarche
5062:Nançois-le-Grand
4917:Milly-sur-Bradon
4887:Méligny-le-Petit
4882:Méligny-le-Grand
4742:Lisle-en-Barrois
4727:Ligny-en-Barrois
4687:Latour-en-Woëvre
4327:Forges-sur-Meuse
4272:Esnes-en-Argonne
4187:Domremy-la-Canne
4132:Delouze-Rosières
3937:Charny-sur-Meuse
3707:Beurey-sur-Saulx
3522:Amel-sur-l'Étang
3474:
3467:
3460:
3451:
3450:
3433:Hanseatic League
3191:
3190:
3182:
3180:
3099:Schwäbisch Gmünd
2890:
2889:
2880:
2879:
2864:
2857:
2850:
2841:
2840:
2830:
2822:
2814:
2809:. Archived from
2802:
2800:
2798:
2789:. Archived from
2778:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2761:on 28 April 2009
2757:. Archived from
2710:
2691:
2672:
2653:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2604:
2598:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2572:
2566:
2560:
2558:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2519:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2440:
2429:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2344:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2319:
2313:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2248:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2228:. Archived from
2209:
2200:
2199:
2179:
2173:
2172:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2129:
2123:
2120:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2046:. Archived from
2029:
2023:
2022:
2011:
2005:
2004:
1997:
1851:
1842:Verdun Cathedral
1839:
1830:Verdun town hall
1827:
1810:Abbey of St Paul
1795:Princerie Museum
1784:Episcopal Palace
1768:Verdun Cathedral
1732:
1720:
1702:
1621:
1603:
1562:
1561:
1554:
1345:
1340:
1332:
1331:
1126:
1121:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1105:
941:war of attrition
919:Battle of Verdun
858:prisoners of war
835:Three Bishoprics
750:Treaty of Verdun
716:meaning "strong
640:Verdun-sur-Meuse
637:
636:
635:
629:
627:[vɛʁdœ̃]
624:
618:
612:
611:
608:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
585:
574:
569:
568:
565:
564:
561:
558:
555:
552:
549:
542:
532:
526:
525:
522:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
450:
395:
376:Intercommunality
308:
307:
305:
304:
303:
298:
294:
291:
290:
289:
286:
269:
258:
257:
251:
239:
228:
227:
221:
192:
177:
150:
149:
122:
116:
89:Google Translate
70:
66:
49:
48:
41:
32:Battle of Verdun
21:
18:Verdun-sur-Meuse
6088:
6087:
6083:
6082:
6081:
6079:
6078:
6077:
6018:
6017:
6016:
6011:
5991:
5907:Ville-sur-Saulx
5862:Ville-en-Woëvre
5682:Tilly-sur-Meuse
5672:Thonne-les-Près
5582:Sivry-sur-Meuse
5577:Sivry-la-Perche
5562:Seuil-d'Argonne
5407:Rupt-sur-Othain
5182:Pagny-sur-Meuse
5057:Naix-aux-Forges
5052:Naives-Rosières
5047:Naives-en-Blois
4937:Les Monthairons
4907:Ménil-sur-Saulx
4902:Ménil-la-Horgne
4872:Maxey-sur-Vaise
4737:Lion-devant-Dun
4732:Liny-devant-Dun
4587:Jouy-en-Argonne
4472:Han-lès-Juvigny
4347:Fresnes-au-Mont
4257:Érize-la-Petite
4252:Érize-la-Brûlée
4242:Épiez-sur-Meuse
4207:Dugny-sur-Meuse
4152:Dieue-sur-Meuse
3947:Chassey-Beaupré
3692:Beney-en-Woëvre
3517:Ambly-sur-Meuse
3488:
3478:
3448:
3443:
3413:
3200:
3185:
3181:
3168:
3104:Schwäbisch Hall
2895:
2884:
2874:
2868:
2825:
2817:
2813:on 10 May 2007.
2805:
2796:
2794:
2781:
2773:
2764:
2762:
2753:
2738:Wayback Machine
2717:
2707:
2688:
2669:
2650:
2634:
2632:Further reading
2629:
2628:
2618:
2616:
2613:Revista Militar
2605:
2601:
2588:
2584:
2579:
2575:
2567:
2563:
2556:
2544:
2540:
2533:
2521:
2520:
2513:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2483:
2479:
2469:
2467:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2427:
2421:
2417:
2407:
2405:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2381:
2379:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2356:
2354:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2331:
2329:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2299:
2295:
2285:
2283:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2260:
2258:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2235:
2233:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2180:
2176:
2157:
2153:
2146:
2130:
2126:
2121:
2114:
2104:
2102:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2076:
2074:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1977:
1862:
1855:
1852:
1843:
1840:
1831:
1828:
1755:La Roche Square
1746:
1739:
1733:
1724:
1721:
1712:
1703:
1636:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1622:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1604:
1595:
1593:Panoramic views
1581:
1576:
1563:
1559:
1104:
1034:Philippe Pétain
948:Schlieffen Plan
921:
915:
907:Battle of Valmy
891:
885:
869:polygonal forts
854:Napoleonic Wars
777:Constantine VII
740:victory at the
702:
682:
674:First World War
653:, northeastern
631:
630:
622:
616:
589:
580:
579:
572:
546:
537:
536:
530:
503:
499:
476:
444:
393:
381:CA Grand Verdun
301:
299:
295:
292:
287:
284:
282:
280:
279:
273:
272:
271:
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266:
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207:
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139:
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120:
114:
73:
50:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6086:
6076:
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6055:
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6030:
6013:
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5989:
5984:
5979:
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5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5882:Villers-le-Sec
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5822:Verneuil-Petit
5819:
5817:Verneuil-Grand
5814:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5722:Ugny-sur-Meuse
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5667:Thonne-le-Thil
5664:
5662:Thonne-la-Long
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
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5569:
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5529:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5402:Rupt-en-Woëvre
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5347:Robert-Espagne
5344:
5339:
5337:Rigny-la-Salle
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
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5244:
5239:
5234:
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5224:
5222:Pont-sur-Meuse
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5127:Nicey-sur-Aire
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
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5054:
5049:
5044:
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5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4942:Montblainville
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4897:Ménil-aux-Bois
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
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4779:
4774:
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4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
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4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4612:Kœur-la-Petite
4609:
4607:Kœur-la-Grande
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4547:Houdelaincourt
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4197:Douaumont-Vaux
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4017:Cléry-le-Petit
4014:
4012:Cléry-le-Grand
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
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3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3817:Bras-sur-Meuse
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3797:Brabant-le-Roi
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3697:Béthelainville
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3617:Baudonvilliers
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
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3509:
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3499:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3477:
3476:
3469:
3462:
3454:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3435:
3431:Member of the
3429:
3425:Member of the
3422:
3419:
3418:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
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3331:
3326:
3321:
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2831:
2823:
2815:
2803:
2779:
2771:
2751:
2746:
2740:
2728:
2723:
2716:
2715:External links
2713:
2712:
2711:
2705:
2692:
2687:978-1844158676
2686:
2678:Walking Verdun
2673:
2667:
2654:
2648:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2599:
2582:
2573:
2561:
2538:
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2452:
2415:
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2314:
2293:
2281:fortiffsere.fr
2268:
2243:
2201:
2194:
2174:
2151:
2144:
2124:
2112:
2084:
2053:
2024:
2006:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1968:Isabelle Nanty
1965:
1959:
1953:
1947:
1941:
1935:
1929:
1923:
1917:
1911:
1905:
1899:
1893:
1887:
1881:
1875:
1872:Nicolas Psaume
1869:
1861:
1860:Notable people
1858:
1857:
1856:
1853:
1846:
1844:
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1834:
1832:
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1818:
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1697:
1671:Military Cross
1635:
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1128:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1103:
1100:
1082:Robert Nivelle
929:Fort Douaumont
917:Main article:
914:
911:
887:Main article:
884:
881:
701:
698:
681:
678:
659:arrondissement
491:
490:
486:
485:
482:
478:
477:
471:
469:
462:
461:
451:
441:
440:
430:
424:
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400:
399:
396:
389:
388:
384:
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372:
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362:
356:
355:
350:
348:Arrondissement
344:
343:
338:
332:
331:
326:
320:
319:
314:
310:
309:
302:49.162; 5.3876
275:
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26:
9:
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2:
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6029:
6026:
6025:
6023:
6008:
6007:subprefecture
6004:
6002:
5998:
5997:
5994:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5967:Willeroncourt
5965:
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5958:
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5732:Vadelaincourt
5730:
5728:
5727:Vacherauville
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
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5710:
5708:
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2017:(in French).
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952:Western Front
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278:Coordinates:
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162:Subprefecture
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56:You can help
52:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
5942:Vouthon-Haut
5811:
5742:Val-d'Ornain
5637:Taillancourt
5462:Saint-Mihiel
5297:Remennecourt
5197:Les Paroches
5142:Nouillonpont
5017:Moulainville
4572:Les Islettes
4492:Haudainville
4457:Gussainville
4427:Gouraincourt
3982:Chauvoncourt
3957:Chattancourt
3897:Buzy-Darmont
3822:Brauvilliers
3393:
3354:Schlettstadt
3349:Schmalkalden
3344:Schaffhausen
3319:Pfeddersheim
3234:Diessenhofen
2811:the original
2795:. Retrieved
2791:the original
2786:
2763:. Retrieved
2759:the original
2696:
2677:
2658:
2639:
2617:. Retrieved
2612:
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2522:
2504:16 September
2502:. Retrieved
2487:
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2468:. Retrieved
2464:
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2443:. Retrieved
2431:
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2406:. Retrieved
2401:
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2380:. Retrieved
2376:
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2355:. Retrieved
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2330:. Retrieved
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2284:. Retrieved
2280:
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2261:16 September
2259:. Retrieved
2255:
2246:
2234:. Retrieved
2230:the original
2217:
2184:
2177:
2160:
2154:
2134:
2127:
2103:. Retrieved
2096:
2087:
2075:. Retrieved
2065:
2056:
2048:the original
2036:
2027:
2009:
1995:
1956:Mark Meadows
1814:
1808:
1794:
1787:
1783:
1772:
1766:
1761:La Citadelle
1760:
1754:
1750:
1669:awarded the
1664:
1653:
1645:
1637:
1086:
1079:
1059:
1031:
1023:
996:
986:
974:
945:
937:major battle
934:
892:
862:
843:
812:
801:
758:
710:latinisation
705:
703:
694:A4 autoroute
683:
663:
639:
495:
494:
468:/Postal code
194:Coat of arms
144:
107:edit summary
98:
67:(April 2017)
65:
57:
5957:Watronville
5937:Vouthon-Bas
5927:Vittarville
5782:Vaudoncourt
5772:Vaucouleurs
5762:Vassincourt
5652:Thillombois
5537:Seigneulles
5442:Saint-Joire
5327:Ribeaucourt
5217:Pintheville
5192:Parfondrupt
5097:Nettancourt
5002:Morgemoulin
4992:Montzéville
4522:Herbeuville
4462:Haironville
4412:Girauvoisin
4247:Épinonville
4237:Les Éparges
4072:Couvertpuis
3927:Chanteraine
3807:Brandeville
3777:Boureuilles
3702:Béthincourt
3607:Bantheville
3602:Bannoncourt
3507:Aincreville
3324:Rheinfelden
3269:Kaysersberg
3109:Schweinfurt
3069:Pfullendorf
2949:Dinkelsbühl
2557:(in French)
1908:Moyse Alcan
1890:Henry Madin
1813:houses the
1807:The former
1751:Châtel Gate
1706:Charlemagne
1569:Phabricator
1047:Voie Sacrée
901:during the
815:Lotharingia
754:Charlemagne
734:4th century
657:. It is an
300: /
6022:Categories
6001:prefecture
5932:Void-Vacon
5847:Villécloye
5797:Vavincourt
5767:Vaubecourt
5757:Varnéville
5737:Vadonville
5692:Trésauvaux
5627:Stainville
5597:Sommelonne
5592:Sommeilles
5587:Sommedieue
5552:Septsarges
5352:Les Roises
5332:Richecourt
5302:Remoiville
5252:Rambucourt
5202:Peuvillers
5102:Le Neufour
5072:Nantillois
4997:Moranville
4982:Montplonne
4927:Mognéville
4892:Menaucourt
4827:Manheulles
4822:Mangiennes
4812:Malancourt
4717:Levoncourt
4712:Lérouville
4697:Lavincourt
4657:Lamorville
4647:Laheycourt
4642:Lahayville
4627:Lachaussée
4617:Labeuville
4592:Julvécourt
4562:Iré-le-Sec
4537:Hévilliers
4502:Haudiomont
4302:Fains-Véel
4177:Dompcevrin
4122:Damvillers
4102:Dagonville
4042:Contrisson
4037:Consenvoye
3942:Charpentry
3922:Champougny
3827:Bréhéville
3772:Bouquemont
3622:Baudrémont
3612:Bar-le-Duc
3552:Aubréville
3532:Ancerville
3497:Abainville
3487:department
3339:Sarrebourg
3334:St. Gallen
3254:Gelnhausen
3239:Donauwörth
3119:Überlingen
3089:Rothenburg
3084:Reutlingen
3079:Regensburg
3074:Ravensburg
3054:Nördlingen
3049:Nordhausen
3039:Mühlhausen
3004:Kaufbeuren
2974:Gengenbach
2797:17 January
2765:14 October
2699:. Tempus.
2597:, page 221
2327:BBC Guides
2236:12 October
1987:References
1102:Population
1043:Bar-le-Duc
748:. The 843
732:since the
714:place name
666:Bar-le-Duc
647:department
411:Population
387:Government
336:Department
285:49°09′43″N
5677:Thonnelle
5622:Spincourt
5482:Samogneux
5272:Récicourt
5267:Rarécourt
5262:Ranzières
5152:Nubécourt
4922:Mogeville
4662:Lamouilly
4637:Lahaymeix
4622:Lachalade
4557:Ippécourt
4517:Hennemont
4417:Givrauval
4402:Gimécourt
4307:Flassigny
4127:Dannevoux
4077:Couvonges
4057:Courouvre
3932:Chardogne
3912:Chalaines
3862:Brouennes
3787:Boviolles
3712:Bezonvaux
3642:Beauclair
3384:Turckheim
3374:Straßburg
3369:Solothurn
3154:Windsheim
3064:Offenburg
3059:Nuremberg
3044:Mülhausen
3034:Memmingen
3019:Leutkirch
3014:Kessenich
2994:Heilbronn
2969:Friedberg
2964:Frankfurt
2924:Bopfingen
2377:Bbc.co.uk
2220:(127–1).
1744:Landmarks
1737:Douaumont
1071:first day
1062:Fort Vaux
993:Fort Vaux
989:Douaumont
969:submarine
899:Prussians
785:Occitania
706:Verodunum
680:Geography
651:Grand Est
481:Elevation
454:UTC+02:00
433:UTC+01:00
428:Time zone
329:Grand Est
288:5°23′15″E
125:talk page
62:in French
5962:Wavrille
5807:Velosnes
5802:Velaines
5787:Vauquois
5712:Troussey
5697:Tréveray
5557:Sepvigny
5517:Sauvigny
5507:Saulvaux
5497:Saudrupt
5487:Sampigny
5477:Salmagne
5322:Riaville
5027:Moulotte
4977:Montmédy
4947:Montbras
4867:Mauvages
4852:Marville
4802:Maizeray
4777:Loupmont
4767:Longeaux
4692:Lavallée
4682:Lanhères
4487:Harville
4452:Guerpont
4437:Gremilly
4367:Fromezey
4222:Écouviez
4032:Commercy
4002:Le Claon
3907:Chaillon
3852:Brizeaux
3767:Bouligny
3672:Belleray
3662:Beausite
3582:Avocourt
3537:Andernay
3527:Ancemont
3481:Communes
3427:Décapole
3279:Konstanz
3244:Duisburg
3219:Besançon
3094:Rottweil
2959:Eßlingen
2954:Dortmund
2939:Buchhorn
2919:Biberach
2914:Augsburg
2734:Archived
2436:Archived
2169:30141458
2093:"Verdun"
2062:"Verdun"
1975:See also
1777:tympanum
1648:bayonets
761:emirates
752:divided
746:Clovis I
738:Frankish
704:Verdun (
365:Verdun-1
101:provide
5982:Woimbey
5972:Wiseppe
5747:Valbois
5657:Thillot
5642:Tannois
5617:Souilly
5572:Silmont
5367:Ronvaux
5282:Reffroy
5092:Nepvant
5087:Nantois
5042:Muzeray
5037:Murvaux
5012:Mouilly
4987:Montsec
4652:Laimont
4512:Heippes
4407:Gincrey
4397:Geville
4357:Froidos
4292:Euville
4202:Doulcon
4162:Dombras
4112:Damloup
3812:Braquis
3732:Blanzée
3682:Belrain
3667:Behonne
3483:of the
3399:Warburg
3329:Rosheim
3314:Obernai
3309:Munster
3294:Lucerne
3264:Herford
3259:Hagenau
3229:Cambrai
3149:Wimpfen
3144:Wetzlar
3009:Kempten
2989:Hamburg
2979:Giengen
2944:Cologne
2894:By 1792
2873:of the
2571:, INSEE
2105:21 July
2077:21 July
1571:and on
1344:±% p.a.
1280:+10.10%
1125:±% p.a.
1007:Prussia
1001:of the
998:oppidum
863:In the
821:of the
808:baptism
804:Dragées
769:eunuchs
722:Gaulish
700:History
672:in the
623:French:
313:Country
166:commune
123:to the
105:in the
64:.
5842:Vignot
5812:Verdun
5717:Troyon
5632:Stenay
5602:Sorbey
5567:Seuzey
5522:Sauvoy
5387:Rumont
5307:Resson
5242:Raival
5212:Pillon
5187:Pareid
5167:Osches
5032:Mouzay
5007:Morley
4877:Mécrin
4862:Maulan
4807:Maizey
4757:Loison
4752:Loisey
4747:Lissey
4707:Lemmes
4702:Lavoye
4577:Jametz
4372:Futeau
4287:Étraye
3987:Cheppy
3752:Bonzée
3747:Bonnet
3727:Bislée
3627:Baulny
3592:Baâlon
3577:Avioth
3512:Amanty
3409:Zürich
3394:Verdun
3389:Verden
3284:Landau
3274:Kolmar
3224:Brakel
3129:Wangen
3114:Speyer
3029:Lübeck
3024:Lindau
2984:Goslar
2934:Buchau
2929:Bremen
2904:Aachen
2703:
2684:
2665:
2646:
2593:
2529:
2495:
2308:
2192:
2167:
2142:
2038:Lexico
1799:Verdun
1543:−0.95%
1540:17,475
1532:−0.87%
1529:18,327
1521:−0.31%
1518:19,147
1510:−0.62%
1507:19,624
1499:−0.45%
1496:20,753
1488:−1.32%
1485:21,516
1477:+1.01%
1474:23,621
1466:+0.02%
1463:22,013
1455:+1.95%
1452:21,982
1444:+3.22%
1441:18,831
1433:−2.83%
1430:14,609
1422:+3.31%
1419:19,460
1411:+2.98%
1408:16,540
1400:+2.23%
1397:14,280
1389:−5.15%
1386:12,788
1378:−0.00%
1375:21,701
1367:+0.32%
1364:21,706
1356:−0.72%
1353:21,360
1324:+3.28%
1321:22,151
1313:+1.21%
1310:18,852
1302:+2.04%
1299:17,755
1291:+0.34%
1288:16,053
1277:15,781
1269:−3.06%
1266:10,738
1258:+0.87%
1255:12,941
1247:−0.55%
1244:12,394
1236:−1.78%
1233:12,742
1225:+0.72%
1222:13,941
1214:−2.84%
1211:13,448
1203:+7.99%
1200:15,533
1192:+1.17%
1189:10,577
1181:+0.16%
1170:−0.30%
1159:+1.98%
1156:10,276
1148:+0.12%
829:) and
797:Verona
765:Iberia
730:Verdun
692:. The
655:France
496:Verdun
475:/55100
414:16,689
360:Canton
353:Verdun
324:Region
317:France
262:Verdun
232:Verdun
154:Verdun
5952:Warcq
5542:Senon
5162:Ornes
4837:Marre
4297:Èvres
4277:Étain
4217:Duzey
4137:Delut
4097:Cunel
4087:Culey
4082:Cuisy
3902:Cesse
3832:Breux
3485:Meuse
3364:Soest
3359:Seltz
3299:Mainz
3289:Lemgo
3249:Düren
3209:Basel
3195:Lost
3159:Worms
2909:Aalen
2619:7 May
2554:EHESS
2439:(PDF)
2428:(PDF)
1675:Ypres
1537:2017
1526:2012
1515:2007
1504:1999
1493:1990
1482:1982
1471:1975
1460:1968
1449:1962
1438:1954
1427:1946
1416:1936
1405:1931
1394:1926
1383:1921
1372:1911
1361:1906
1350:1901
1318:1896
1307:1891
1296:1886
1285:1881
1274:1876
1263:1872
1252:1866
1241:1861
1230:1856
1219:1851
1208:1846
1197:1841
1186:1836
1178:9,978
1175:1831
1167:9,819
1164:1821
1153:1806
1145:9,136
1142:1800
1134:9,060
1131:1793
1027:Meuse
1003:Gauls
726:Gauls
720:" in
712:of a
690:Jarny
686:Meuse
644:Meuse
615:vair-
584:also
541:also
473:55545
466:INSEE
341:Meuse
85:DeepL
5977:Woël
5947:Waly
5827:Véry
4552:Inor
4387:Géry
4282:Éton
3877:Bure
3379:Toul
3304:Metz
3214:Bern
3164:Zell
3134:Weil
2999:Isny
2799:2006
2767:2008
2701:ISBN
2682:ISBN
2663:ISBN
2644:ISBN
2621:2020
2591:ISBN
2527:ISBN
2506:2017
2493:ISBN
2472:2017
2447:2017
2410:2017
2384:2017
2359:2017
2334:2017
2306:ISBN
2288:2017
2263:2017
2238:2021
2190:ISBN
2165:OCLC
2140:ISBN
2107:2019
2079:2019
1793:The
1782:The
1749:The
1339:Pop.
1335:Year
1120:Pop.
1116:Year
991:and
833:the
831:Metz
827:Toul
787:and
718:fort
708:, a
575:-dun
573:VAIR
529:vur-
458:CEST
403:Area
367:and
164:and
99:must
97:You
78:View
4232:Eix
3124:Ulm
2222:doi
841:).
783:in
763:of
649:in
617:DUN
594:ɛər
554:ɛər
531:DUN
508:ɜːr
447:DST
437:CET
87:or
6024::
6005::
5999::
2785:.
2552:,
2548::
2514:^
2463:.
2434:.
2430:.
2400:.
2375:.
2350:.
2325:.
2279:.
2254:.
2216:.
2204:^
2115:^
2095:.
2070:.
2064:.
2042:.
2035:.
1693:.
1681:,
909:.
860:.
799:.
676:.
621:,
582:US
578:,
539:UK
535:,
3473:e
3466:t
3459:v
2863:e
2856:t
2849:v
2829:.
2821:.
2801:.
2777:.
2769:.
2709:.
2690:.
2671:.
2652:.
2623:.
2559:.
2535:.
2474:.
2449:.
2412:.
2386:.
2361:.
2336:.
2312:.
2290:.
2265:.
2240:.
2224::
2198:.
2171:.
2148:.
2109:.
2081:.
1790:.
1771:(
1757:.
1575:.
609:/
606:n
603:ʌ
600:d
597:ˈ
591:v
588:/
566:/
563:n
560:ʌ
557:d
551:v
548:ˈ
545:/
523:/
520:n
517:ʌ
514:d
511:ˈ
505:v
502:/
498:(
460:)
456:(
449:)
439:)
435:(
369:2
134:.
127:.
38:.
20:)
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