696:
51:
368:
644:). In the story, his minister Shridhara tells him not to risk a battle with a powerful adversary. Nevertheless, Vigraharaja is determined to fight the Turushka king. He sends a message to his lover Desaladevi, informing her that the upcoming battle would soon give him an opportunity to meet her. The play describes Desaladevi as the daughter of prince Vasantapala of Indrapura. The play is available only in fragments, so the details of the ensuing battle are not known. Historian
460:
787:, Vigraharaja commissioned as many buildings as the hill forts he captured. Most of these appear to have been destroyed or converted to Muslim structures (such as Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra) after the Muslim conquest. He established a number of towns named Visalapura ("the city of Visala") after his alternative name Visala. He is also said to have commissioned a lake named Visalasara (also known as Vislya or Bisalia) in Ajmer. According to
668:
after coming to India. Vasantapala might have been a Tomara ruler, possibly
Anangapala. Indrapura may refer to Indraprastha, that is, Delhi. Vigraharaja probably decided to send an army in support of the Tomara king. But before an actual battle could take place, Bahram Shah returned to Ghazna as the
317:), and Vigraharaja claimed to have restored the rule of Aryans in this land. While his claim of having conquered the entire land between these two mountains is an exaggeration, it is not completely baseless. His Delhi-Shivalik pillar inscription was found at Topra village in Haryana, near the
574:
married the daughter of the Tomara king
Anangapala, and was bequeathed Delhi by the Tomara king. Historian R. B. Singh speculates that it was actually Vigraharaja who married the daughter of the Tomara king. According to Singh, Desaladevi, who has been mentioned in the play
651:
Historian R. B. Singh, on the other hand, theorizes that no actual battle took place between
Vigraharaja and Hammira. According to Singh's theory, the "Hammira" on the play might have been Bahram Shah, who fled to India after the
439:(probably the designation of a subordinate officer). This is obviously an exaggeration, but it does appear that Vigraharaja conquered some of Kumarapala's territories. The earliest Chahamana inscriptions from the
193:(Chauhan) dynasty in north-western India, and is generally considered as one of the greatest rulers of the dynasty. He turned the Chahamana kingdom into an empire by subduing the neighbouring kingdoms of
341:
during this period. Assuming that the claimant to the Malwa throne had accepted
Vigraharaja's suzerainty, it appears that Vigraharaja's influence extended up to the Vindhyas, at least in name.
830:
The
Bijolia rock inscription describes Vigraharaja as "a protector of the needy and the distressed". He is generally considered one of the greatest rulers of the Chauhan Dynasty. Historian
479:, who had branched off from the Shakambhari Chahamana dynasty, and were feudatories of the Chaulukya king Kumarapala. The Bijolia inscription boasts that he turned Javalipura (modern
214:
1327:
831:
598:
588:
793:, the king saw a beautiful spot with springs and hills while returning from a hunt. He ordered his chief minister to construct a lake at this spot.
398:
rock inscription, he killed one
Sajjana. The inscription describes Sajjana as "the most wicked person of the land", who was sent to the abode of
534:. Vigraharaja put an end to this long conflict by decisively defeating the Tomaras, who had grown weak under attacks from the Chahamanas, the
557:
might have been under Muslim control by this time. On the other hand, Dasharatha Sharma theorizes that the
Tomaras had recaptured Hansi from
333:) assisted him in hoisting a flag at the Rajavihara Jain temple in Ajmer. The ruler of Malwa here probably refers to a claimant to the
819:
scholars, and participated in their religious ceremonies. At the request of the Jain religious teacher
Dharmaghosha-Suri, he banned
1560:
1320:
743:, authored by Vigraharaja himself, were also found inscribed on two slabs at the Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra. The play is styled after
1565:
359:, composed by Vigraharaja's court poet, claims that his army included 1 million men; 100,000 horses; and 1,000 elephants.
321:. This indicates that Vigraharaja captured territories to the north of Delhi, up to the Himalayan foothills. Raviprabha's
247:), most of which were destroyed or converted into Muslim structures after the Muslim conquest of Ajmer. These included a
1313:
1186:
834:
calls him "Vigraharaja the Great" and describes his reign as the "Golden age of
Sapdalaksha" (the Chauhan Territory).
800:) on the site of an older town called Vanapura. There, he constructed the Gokarnesvara temple, now popularly known as
293:
maternal relatives. Vigraharaja probably ascended the throne after killing
Jaggaddeva to avenge their father's death.
1257:
866:
1463:
506:
Vigraharaja also defeated one Kuntapala, who can be identified with a Naddula Chahamana subordinate of Kumarapala.
734:
was composed by his court poet Somadeva in his honour. Only fragments of this play were recovered from the mosque.
391:
king of Gujarat. Vigraharaja launched several expeditions against the Chaulukyas to avenge his father's defeat.
1524:
384:
286:
695:
1504:
282:
88:
619:
describes him as "the conqueror of Muslims". The Muslim invaders forced to retreat by him were probably the
1357:
50:
538:
and the Muslims. The Tomaras continued to rule for a few more decades, but as vassals of the Chahamanas.
344:
His kingdom included the present-day Rajasthan, Haryana, and Delhi. It probably also included a part of
301:
The 1164 CE Delhi-Shivalik pillar inscription states that Vigraharaja conquered the region between the
17:
418:. While Vigraharaja was busy fighting at Chittor, Kumarapala tried to create a diversion by besieging
1336:
367:
274:
190:
144:
657:
1305:
628:
217:
624:
476:
210:
198:
265:-language drama written by him, is inscribed on inscriptions discovered at the mosque site.
723:
700:
252:
648:
identified Hammira with Khusrau Shah, and assumed that Vigraharaja repulsed his invasion.
8:
797:
579:
as Vigraharaja's lover, might have been the daughter of a Tomara king named Vasantapala.
468:
330:
1351:
1529:
683:
975:
718:
The king commissioned a centre of learning in Ajmer, which was later destroyed by the
707:
Vigraharaja patronized a number of scholars, and was a poet himself. Jayanaka, in his
414:. According to the Jain author Somatilaka Suri, Vigraharaja's army captured Sajjana's
1293:
1274:
1253:
1234:
862:
645:
403:
1468:
820:
334:
593:
Several sources indicate that Vigraharaja achieved military successes against the
545:(manuscript) states that Visaladeva i.e. Vigraharaja captured Delhi from Tamvars (
499:(a cane-stick or a marsh of reeds). The Naddula ruler subdued by him was probably
1473:
1448:
1443:
1287:
1268:
1247:
1228:
801:
789:
739:
635:
615:
571:
566:
484:
464:
257:
243:
too. Vigraharaja commissioned several buildings in his capital Ajayameru (modern
1534:
1519:
1453:
1438:
1407:
1402:
1392:
661:
594:
550:
546:
527:
318:
236:
202:
422:, but lifted the siege after learning about Vigraharaja's victory at Chittor.
1554:
1478:
1428:
1397:
1382:
1377:
745:
240:
1297:
1278:
640:
involves Vigraharaja's preparations against a Turushka ruler named Hammira (
1514:
1494:
1423:
1387:
1238:
838:
531:
518:
rock inscription states that Vigraharaja conquered Ashika (identified with
415:
349:
98:
1372:
1362:
610:
459:
372:
314:
123:
1285:
981:
352:) and a portion of the northern Gangetic plain (to the west of Yamuna).
66:“Srimad vigra/ha raja de/va” in Devanagari; star and moon symbols below.
726:
mosque. Several literary works were engraved on stones at this centre:
678:
602:
558:
535:
500:
448:
1458:
1433:
620:
606:
601:. The Delhi-Shivalik pillar inscription boasts that he destroyed the
427:
388:
338:
310:
302:
290:
224:
206:
194:
174:
677:
According to the Bijolia inscription, Vigraharaja also defeated the
1539:
1499:
1367:
1289:
History and culture of Rajasthan: from earliest times upto 1956 A.D
987:
824:
808:
444:
380:
306:
278:
262:
248:
164:
154:
1206:
1204:
1154:
1152:
1062:
1052:
1050:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
999:
309:. The Himalayas and the Vindhyas form the traditional boundary of
1335:
951:
912:
910:
908:
880:
878:
816:
750:
653:
515:
440:
411:
395:
228:
139:
1201:
1149:
1047:
1028:
719:
480:
432:
345:
1137:
1098:
939:
905:
875:
699:
Vigraharaja's Sanskrit learning centre was converted into the
1169:
1167:
1115:
1113:
1018:
1016:
1014:
771:
762:
665:
554:
523:
519:
492:
483:) into "Jvalapura" (city of flames); reduced Pallika (modern
419:
326:
244:
232:
929:
927:
925:
895:
893:
561:
by this time, and Vigraharaja captured it from the Tomaras.
641:
399:
59:
1164:
1125:
1110:
1086:
1074:
1011:
223:
Vigraharaja's kingdom included major parts of present-day
1292:. University of Rajasthan. Centre for Rajasthan Studies.
1286:
Shyam Singh Ratnawat; Krishna Gopal Sharma, eds. (1999).
963:
922:
890:
526:. The Chahamanas had been involved in conflicts with the
62:
standing left, holding bow; “sri ra ma” in Devanagari.
205:
kingdoms. He also repulsed Muslim invasions, from the
703:
mosque (pictured) after the Muslim conquest of Ajmer.
251:
centre of learning that was later converted into the
1226:
993:
982:
Shyam Singh Ratnawat & Krishna Gopal Sharma 1999
435:) boasts that Vigraharaja reduced Kumarapala to a
383:had suffered a humiliating defeat at the hands of
1245:
1210:
1158:
1068:
1056:
1041:
1005:
957:
945:
916:
884:
1552:
807:Like his predecessors, Vigraharaja was a devout
406:identified Sajjana with Kumarapala's governor (
711:, states that when Vigraharaja died, the name
599:Vigraharaja IV's first war against the Muslims
589:Vigraharaja IV's first war against the Muslims
281:. Vigraharaja's elder brother and predecessor
1321:
796:He also founded the Vigrahapura town (modern
687:claims that he conquered several hill forts.
402:(the god of death) by Vigraharaja. Historian
185:(r. c. 1150–1164 CE), also known as and also
582:
1266:
1173:
1143:
1131:
1119:
1104:
1092:
1080:
1022:
969:
933:
899:
861:. New Delhi: Rupa Publication. p. 43.
775:(prayer) to various Hindu deities, also in
1328:
1314:
715:("the friend of the poets") disappeared.
285:killed their father. Their half-brother,
694:
530:of Delhi since the time of his ancestor
458:
454:
366:
362:
337:kingdom, which had been captured by the
553:). According to historian R. B. Singh,
451:area are dated to Vigraharaja's reign.
14:
1553:
690:
1309:
856:
669:Ghurids had departed from that city.
570:states that the later Chahamana king
491:(a hamlet); and made Naddula (modern
509:
289:, was brought up in Gujarat by his
24:
1252:. S. Chand / Motilal Banarsidass.
672:
605:(foreigners), and once again made
471:was constructed by Vigraharaja IV.
329:and Arisiha (possibly Arisimha of
296:
189:(or Visaldev) was a king from the
25:
1577:
177:of inscriptions of Vigraharaja IV
1189:. Archaeological Survey of India
760:(eulogy), which is in form of a
722:invaders and converted into the
613:") what its name signifies. The
597:, the Muslim Turkic invaders in
49:
1219:
1179:
1561:Chahamana kings of Shakambhari
850:
13:
1:
1227:Asoke Kumar Majumdar (1956).
844:
841:succeeded him on the throne.
749:, a work by the ancient poet
268:
235:; and possibly some parts of
1566:12th-century Indian monarchs
549:) in the year 1152 CE (1209
273:Vigraharaja was born to the
27:King from 12th-Century India
7:
10:
1582:
1246:Dasharatha Sharma (1959).
1233:. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
660:. Bahram Shah invaded the
586:
371:Visaladeva inscription on
55:A coin of Vigraharaja IV.
1487:
1416:
1344:
1337:Chahamanas of Shakambhari
1270:History of the Chāhamānas
994:Asoke Kumar Majumdar 1956
732:Lalita Vigraharaja Nataka
637:Lalita Vigraharaja Nataka
583:War against the Turushkas
577:Lalita-Vigraharaja-Nataka
357:Lalita-Vigraharaja-Nataka
325:states that the ruler of
160:
150:
145:Chahamanas of Shakambhari
138:
129:
122:
117:
112:
108:
104:
94:
84:
76:
71:
48:
39:
34:
564:The legendary epic poem
475:Vigraharaja subdued the
1345:9th century and earlier
1249:Early Chauhān Dynasties
658:Battle of Ghazni (1151)
323:Dharmaghosha-Suri-Stuti
1211:Dasharatha Sharma 1959
1159:Dasharatha Sharma 1959
1069:Dasharatha Sharma 1959
1057:Dasharatha Sharma 1959
1042:Dasharatha Sharma 1959
1006:Dasharatha Sharma 1959
958:Dasharatha Sharma 1959
946:Dasharatha Sharma 1959
917:Dasharatha Sharma 1959
885:Dasharatha Sharma 1959
859:A History of Rajasthan
811:, as indicated by his
737:Fragments of the play
704:
472:
376:
348:(to the south-east of
42:Sapadalakshiya-Nripati
1230:Chaulukyas of Gujarat
698:
477:Chahamanas of Naddula
462:
455:Chahamanas of Naddula
379:Vigraharaja's father
370:
363:Chaulukyas of Gujarat
313:(the land of ancient
1267:R. B. Singh (1964).
857:Hooja, Rima (2006).
815:. He also patronzed
802:Bisal Deoji's temple
724:Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra
701:Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra
656:defeated him at the
253:Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra
72:King of Sapadalaksha
1417:10th-11th centuries
1354:(possibly mythical)
1339:(Chauhans of Ajmer)
1146:, pp. 151–152.
1107:, pp. 143–144.
785:Prithviraja-Viajaya
691:Cultural activities
837:Vigraharaja's son
709:Prithviraja-Vijaya
705:
684:Prithviraja Vijaya
473:
377:
373:Delhi-Topra pillar
1548:
1547:
1187:"Bisaldeo Temple"
1008:, pp. 57–58.
960:, pp. 58–59.
646:Dasharatha Sharma
404:Dasharatha Sharma
394:According to the
170:
169:
134:
133:
16:(Redirected from
1573:
1469:Durlabharaja III
1330:
1323:
1316:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1282:
1263:
1242:
1214:
1208:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1183:
1177:
1174:R. B. Singh 1964
1171:
1162:
1156:
1147:
1144:R. B. Singh 1964
1141:
1135:
1132:R. B. Singh 1964
1129:
1123:
1120:R. B. Singh 1964
1117:
1108:
1105:R. B. Singh 1964
1102:
1096:
1093:R. B. Singh 1964
1090:
1084:
1081:R. B. Singh 1964
1078:
1072:
1071:, p. 60-61.
1066:
1060:
1054:
1045:
1039:
1026:
1023:R. B. Singh 1964
1020:
1009:
1003:
997:
991:
985:
979:
973:
970:R. B. Singh 1964
967:
961:
955:
949:
943:
937:
934:R. B. Singh 1964
931:
920:
914:
903:
900:R. B. Singh 1964
897:
888:
882:
873:
872:
854:
832:Dashratha Sharma
821:animal slaughter
510:Tomaras of Delhi
118:Visaldev Chauhan
110:
109:
53:
32:
31:
21:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1530:Prithviraja III
1483:
1474:Vigraharaja III
1449:Govindaraja III
1444:Durlabharaja II
1412:
1340:
1334:
1304:
1260:
1222:
1217:
1209:
1202:
1192:
1190:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1172:
1165:
1157:
1150:
1142:
1138:
1130:
1126:
1118:
1111:
1103:
1099:
1091:
1087:
1079:
1075:
1067:
1063:
1055:
1048:
1040:
1029:
1021:
1012:
1004:
1000:
992:
988:
980:
976:
968:
964:
956:
952:
944:
940:
932:
923:
915:
906:
898:
891:
883:
876:
869:
855:
851:
847:
813:Harakeli-Nataka
790:Prithviraj Raso
740:Harikeli Nataka
693:
675:
673:Other conquests
616:Prabandha-Kosha
591:
585:
572:Prithviraja III
567:Prithviraj Raso
512:
465:Bisaldeo temple
457:
365:
299:
297:Military career
271:
258:Harakeli Nataka
180:
179:
178:
80:c. 1150–1164 CE
67:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1579:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1537:
1535:Govindaraja IV
1532:
1527:
1522:
1520:Prithviraja II
1517:
1512:
1510:Vigraharaja IV
1507:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1454:Vakpatiraja II
1451:
1446:
1441:
1439:Vigraharaja II
1436:
1431:
1426:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1408:Govindaraja II
1405:
1403:Chandraraja II
1400:
1395:
1393:Durlabharaja I
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1333:
1332:
1325:
1318:
1310:
1303:
1302:
1283:
1273:. N. Kishore.
1264:
1258:
1243:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1200:
1178:
1176:, p. 153.
1163:
1148:
1136:
1134:, p. 152.
1124:
1122:, p. 151.
1109:
1097:
1095:, p. 143.
1085:
1083:, p. 145.
1073:
1061:
1046:
1027:
1025:, p. 147.
1010:
998:
996:, p. 109.
986:
984:, p. 105.
974:
972:, p. 149.
962:
950:
938:
936:, p. 150.
921:
904:
902:, p. 148.
889:
874:
867:
848:
846:
843:
781:
780:
767:
754:
735:
692:
689:
674:
671:
609:("the land of
587:Main article:
584:
581:
511:
508:
456:
453:
416:elephant force
375:, 12th century
364:
361:
319:Shivalik Hills
298:
295:
270:
267:
183:Vigraharāja IV
173:
172:
171:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
152:
148:
147:
142:
136:
135:
132:
131:
130:Vigraharāja IV
127:
126:
120:
119:
115:
114:
106:
105:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
78:
74:
73:
69:
68:
54:
46:
45:
37:
36:
35:Vigraharaja IV
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1578:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1479:Prithviraja I
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1429:Vakpatiraja I
1427:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1398:Govindaraja I
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1383:Chandraraja I
1381:
1379:
1378:Vigraharaja I
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1338:
1331:
1326:
1324:
1319:
1317:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1265:
1261:
1259:9780842606189
1255:
1251:
1250:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1213:, p. 65.
1212:
1207:
1205:
1188:
1182:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1161:, p. 64.
1160:
1155:
1153:
1145:
1140:
1133:
1128:
1121:
1116:
1114:
1106:
1101:
1094:
1089:
1082:
1077:
1070:
1065:
1059:, p. 59.
1058:
1053:
1051:
1044:, p. 60.
1043:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1024:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1007:
1002:
995:
990:
983:
978:
971:
966:
959:
954:
948:, p. 57.
947:
942:
935:
930:
928:
926:
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1515:Amaragangeya
1509:
1495:Ajayaraja II
1488:12th century
1464:Chamundaraja
1424:Chandanaraja
1388:Gopendraraja
1288:
1269:
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1220:Bibliography
1193:29 September
1191:. Retrieved
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629:Khusrau Shah
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63:
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41:
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29:
1373:Ajayaraja I
1363:Samantaraja
625:Bahram Shah
536:Gahadavalas
211:Bahram Shah
187:Visala-deva
124:Regnal name
85:Predecessor
1555:Categories
1525:Someshvara
845:References
756:A Chauhan
679:Bhadanakas
603:mlechchhas
559:Ghaznavids
501:Alhanadeva
449:Mandalgarh
385:Kumarapala
339:Chaulukyas
287:Someshvara
269:Early life
175:Find spots
18:Visaladeva
1505:Jagaddeva
1459:Viryarama
1434:Simharaja
1352:Chahamana
758:prashasti
730:The play
621:Ghaznavid
607:Aryavarta
595:Turushkas
428:prashasti
408:daṇḍāhiśa
389:Chaulukya
355:The play
311:Aryavarta
303:Himalayas
291:Chaulukya
283:Jagaddeva
275:Chahamana
225:Rajasthan
207:Ghaznavid
195:Chaulukya
191:Chahamana
95:Successor
89:Jagaddeva
1540:Hariraja
1500:Arnoraja
1368:Naradeva
1358:Vasudeva
1298:42717862
1279:11038728
825:Ekadashi
809:Shaivite
798:Bisalpur
469:Bisalpur
445:Jahazpur
381:Arnoraja
335:Paramara
307:Vindhyas
305:and the
279:Arnoraja
263:Sanskrit
255:mosque.
249:Sanskrit
215:defeated
165:Hinduism
161:Religion
155:Arnoraja
64:Reverse:
57:Obverse:
1239:4413150
823:on the
766:(poem).
751:Bharavi
654:Ghurids
623:rulers
547:Tomaras
541:An old
528:Tomaras
516:Bijolia
497:nadvala
487:) to a
441:Bijolia
412:Chittor
396:Bijolia
229:Haryana
199:Naddula
140:Dynasty
1296:
1277:
1256:
1237:
865:
720:Ghurid
681:. The
662:Tomara
611:Aryans
522:) and
481:Jalore
433:eulogy
387:, the
346:Punjab
315:Aryans
237:Punjab
231:, and
209:ruler
203:Tomara
201:, and
151:Father
827:day.
779:form.
777:kavya
772:stuti
763:kavya
666:Delhi
555:Hansi
524:Delhi
520:Hansi
493:Nadol
489:palli
420:Nagor
410:) of
331:Mewar
327:Malwa
277:king
245:Ajmer
233:Delhi
113:Names
77:Reign
1294:OCLC
1275:OCLC
1254:ISBN
1235:OCLC
1195:2016
863:ISBN
817:Jain
642:Emir
627:and
543:bahi
514:The
495:) a
485:Pali
463:The
400:Yama
261:, a
239:and
213:and
60:Rama
467:in
1557::
1203:^
1166:^
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804:.
769:A
631:.
551:VS
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227:,
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197:,
1329:e
1322:t
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871:.
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447:-
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431:(
20:)
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