1519:
368:, "but it simply felt... too cheap... Even though X Japan was a big band and people used the term 'Okeshou kei' to describe them, the term was still lacking substance, I didn't like the term at all! Because of this, I tried to remind all the writers to not use this term as 'They are not okeshou kei, they are visual-shock kei'. From there, it went from 'Visual-shock kei' to 'Visual-kei' to 'V-kei'. After we spread the word, fans naturally abbreviated it to 'V-kei'. The Japanese love to abbreviate everything as a matter of fact." Hoshiko considers visual kei a distinctive Japanese music genre and defined it "as the music itself along with all the visual aspects of it."
1579:
1325:(Dead End), they "sublimated each other" inventing something new, but the younger generation is more imitative. He proposed that from Morrie's perspective this probably appears to be a "copy of his copy's copy". In the same interview, Morrie added that the problem with new visual kei bands is that "they're established as a genre... well, there's probably a part of it that's business-wise, but it wouldn't be fun if it got stiff. I would like to see people who are trying to break through that area. It doesn't matter how good you are, whether you're doing it on the visual kei route or not, it's something fundamental."
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but a poetic one, artistic, with painstaking attention to detail,' Yun explains. She points out that "visual kei" literally translates as "visual style" and spans a wide range of musical genres.; Musically, it can be anything: American rock, British punk, glam, metal, Euro-pop, techno, new wave, electronica," explains Yun. "Visually, the influences are diverse as well: traditional
Japanese dress, S&M outfits, costumes made of vinyl, leather, lace, plastic...you name it."
6479:
4143:...visual-kei, where peacockish fashion far overshadows any definitive sound.; To be honest, when we first started and we were wearing a lot of makeup on stage and stuff, there were a lot of bands doing that at the time in Japan and people thought it was cool. But not anymore, ha ha. The music was so unique, too – bands like X Japan. At that time, there weren't any two bands that sounded alike; these days everyone sounds exactly the same
722:. They gained mainstream awareness, although they were not as commercially successful, except for L'Arc-en-Ciel and Glay whose later huge success was accompanied by a drastic change in their appearance and are often not associated with visual kei. Around 1995, visual kei bands experienced a booming success in the general population, which lasted for four years. According to Pfeifle, the third transition era began by bands such as
830:
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852:. The difference between the first and second generation is that the second; has no straightforward music style, ranging from metal to pop, but still seemingly focused on heavy rock genres; the fashion and gender ambiguities are of central importance. Although economically not very significant in the Japanese music market, it became the first Japanese music to succeed on an international scale.
2685:...a fleeting genre known to fans as 'Visual Kei'. Nonetheless, this fusion of metal, punk and gothic aesthetics ignited at least two generations of followers with its shocking visual appeal...; 'Visual Kei' as a genre has more or less expired since the late '90s. The music that derived from the scene has transformed and visual bands have generally subdued their appearance.
1313:) commented in 2009 that "back in the day, there were bands, but people would try to do things differently. Nowadays, there's one band and everyone copies off of them," with Free-Will founder and Color frontman Tommy concluding with "I don't think our breed of visual kei exists anymore." In 2013, Kiyoharu (Kuroyume, Sads) said that although he,
895:, Luna Sea performed a one-off performance and X Japan officially reunited with a new single and a world tour. With these developments, visual kei bands enjoyed a boost in public awareness, with acts formed around 2004 having been described by some media as "neo-visual kei". From this generation the subgenre "oshare kei"
2813:
For visual kei bands, outrageous, usually androgynous looks – gobs of makeup, hair dyed and sprayed in ways that made
Mohawks look conservative and a small fortune spent on leather and jewellery – were as important as music (or, in many cases after X, more important than music).; To a certain extent,
1297:(Pierrot, Angelo) said "now it's more like people are dressing up a certain way because they want to be visual kei or look visual kei. They are doing it to look like others instead of doing it to look different. This is obviously very different from when we started out more than ten years ago," while
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Well I still don't think "visual kei" is a name for a genre; I see it as a bigger picture, as a part of rock. The visual aspect is something for a band to set themselves apart from others, at least that's what it was ten years ago. Now it's more like people are dressing up a certain way because they
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Josephine Yun, author of the book Jrock, Ink., explains that visual kei originated in the late 1970s and early 1980s as Japan's rock scene began cultivating its own identity. 'It was rock 'n roll, punk rock, glam and metal with a twist – a twist just as angry and rebellious as what came before it –
1304:
Although almost from the newer generation himself, Dir En Grey bassist
Toshiya said in 2010 "to be honest, when we first started and we were wearing a lot of makeup on stage and stuff, there were a lot of bands doing that at the time in Japan and people thought it was cool. But not anymore, ha ha."
1887:
Visual Kei is exactly as it sounds: Rock music that incorporates visual effects and elaborate costumes to heighten the experience of the music and the show. Visual Kei started in the 80s and became so popular by the 90s that the nearly all-female fan base started dressing up as their favorite band
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In addition to the visual aspects, visual kei artists often have a wider "decorative fantasy" concept or context and their on-stage performances are "overwhelming, multisensory experiences whose constructed nature is made apparent to audiences" (e.g. observed in Gackt's career claim about being a
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Well, visual kei isn't a genre of music; it's used to categorize the bands that show their unique characteristics with their costumes and makeup, though sometimes the music doesn't necessarily fit the image. Either way, it's used to describe such bands that show their individualism through their
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psychoanalysis of the subculture indicates that the fascination with the singer's voice (the lack of understanding amplifies the effect), as well ineffable and unfulfillable desire, are what attracts most of the (predominantly female) fans to the groups on an international scale. The female fans
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In 2021, visual kei journalist Chiaki
Fujitani noted how newer acts were combining visual kei with other elements to create originality. She cited Nocturnal Bloodlust's muscular vocalist Hiro for defying the usual delicate appearance of visual kei musicians, 0.1g no Gosan for utilizing tropes of
230:
wrote that visual kei is not a specific sound, but rather it "revolves around the creation of a band's unique worldview and/or stylistic beauty through visual expressions in the form of makeup and fashion". While visual kei acts can be of any music genre, it originated with bands influenced by
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system" and "that originally prided itself on being different, it now attracts those who want to 'look' visual kei. Genuine originality (in the music, at least) seems to be dying out." In 2018, Seiichi
Hoshiko said that he was worried about this trend's effect on the movement's future.
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As an epilogue to their 25th anniversary, Luna Sea hosted a rock festival titled
Lunatic Fest on 27 and 28 June 2015, with an estimated 60,000 fans attending. Held at Makuhari Messe, there were three stages and 12 artists, most visual kei acts including X Japan, Dead End, Dir En Grey,
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In the late 1980s and until the mid-1990s, visual kei received increasing popularity throughout Japan, when album sales from such bands started to reach record numbers. The first band with recordings that achieved notable success was Dead End, whose independent album
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By the late 1990s, the mainstream popularity of visual kei was declining; Luna Sea went on a year-long hiatus in 1997 before disbanding in 2000, X Japan disbanded at the end of 1997 and one year later their lead guitarist hide died. In 1999, Malice Mizer's drummer
807:, who with a toned down appearance became one of the most popular and successful visual kei acts, and L'Arc-en-Ciel publicly distanced themselves from the movement (although, in 2012 they were partly promoted internationally as a visual kei band). In 1998,
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Hide's death means the end of an era, said Steve McClure, Tokyo bureau chief for
Billboard, the music-industry magazine. X were the first generation of visual kei bands, but the novelty has worn off. For the next generation of bands, it's like:
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wrote that visual kei "revolves around the creation of a band's unique worldview and/or stylistic beauty through visual expressions in the form of makeup and fashion". Sources have also noted that visual kei is a "uniquely
Japanese" phenomenon.
1174:. Instead, it is defined by an act's emphasis on aesthetics, particularly their fashion and use of makeup, with a number of visual kei artists and critics describing it as a freedom of expression and experimental fashion. Koji Dejima of
682:, who both went on to sell millions of records, with Glay being one of Japan's best-selling musical acts, had their first albums released by Extasy in 1991 and 1994 respectively. Free-Will was founded by Color vocalist and leader
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want to be "visual kei" or look "visual kei." They are doing it to look like others instead of doing it to look different. This is obviously very different from when we started out more than ten years ago. That's how I see it.
1492:(to be recognized by the other, desire of the other), i.e. the female fans do not desire the musician himself, but his desire; a kind of cultural social training ground for the inescapable process of learning how to desire.
821:". As other bands could not meet financial expectations, most major companies backed out of the movement, and it became an underground style often associated with the rebellious generation, non-conforming to proper society.
507:
1930:...while Kiss is a heavy metal band, visual kei bands like X Japan, Color, Dead End and D'erlanger are by and large a cross between metal, punk, goth, cyber and rock. The sounds are hard and the looks are dark and severe.
816:
s Steve McClure commented that "To a certain extent, hide's death means the end of an era, X were the first generation of visual kei bands, but the novelty has worn off. For the next generation of bands, it's like:
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Visual kei musicians often have elaborate, dyed hair, extravagant costumes, frequently with leather, PVC or lace, or based on traditional
Japanese clothing pieces, and excessive jewelry. Many musicians make use of
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A large three-day visual kei rock festival titled Visual Japan Summit was held at
Makuhari Messe between October 14–16, 2016. Luna Sea hosted another two-day Lunatic Fest at Makuhari Messe on June 23 and 24, 2018.
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by Luna Sea in 1999, it was not until 2002 that many visual kei bands started to perform worldwide (United States, in Europe from 2004), with the initial interest coming from Japanese-themed conventions like
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bands like Psycho le Cemu performed. In the first five years Dir En Grey was especially well received having performed in Korn's Family Values Tour in 2006. In 2007, the Jrock Revolution event was held in
609:. They continued to have success, with nearly all of their subsequent albums topping the charts until 1995 and later reaching the top ten on the charts. X Japan's first album, the independently released
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There has been criticism directed at newer visual kei bands for having lost the spirit of their forefathers by copying each other in design and sound, and becoming all the same. As far back as 1998,
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members (known as 'cosplay') who were often males that wore make-up, crazy hair and dressed androgynously or as females (usually, the more feminine the rocker, the more fans rush to emulate them).
1902:, p. 250: "In the late 1980s and during the 1990s, Japanese bands like Dead End, Buck-Tick, or Luna Sea performed... The most successful and influential of these bands certainly was X Japan."
3833:
But visual kei is more like a spirit, it's not a music style or, you know… I think it is a freedom about describing myself, a freedom to express myself, that's what I believe visual kei is.
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and added "the music was so unique, too – bands like X Japan. At that time, there weren't any two bands that sounded alike; these days everyone sounds exactly the same." Kenzi (Kamaitachi,
5638:
505:
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476:
453:, Megan Pfeifle described the movement as being roughly divided into two generations, with the first in three transitional eras, of which the first era lasted just over a decade.
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emerged, but they hesitate to consider themselves visual kei because they are not ethnically Japanese. Despite the existence of visually similar music acts in the West such as
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31:
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It's a style of dress, there's a lot of costuming and make up and it's uniquely Japanese because it goes back to ancient Japan. Men would often wear women's clothing...
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reported that to visual kei bands "after X" makeup and outrageous looks became "more important than music." Several musicians have expressed their discontent; in 2008,
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1969:それは、X JAPANやDEAD ENDのようなメタルの影響の強いものや、BUCK-TICKのような80sのゴス系ニュー・ウェイヴ(第10章参照)のタイプ、ハードコア・パンクからメタルに進化したGastunkに影響されたものまで雑多なものでしたが、それらはやがて外見上の傾向で括られ"ヴィジュアル系"と呼ばれるようになります。
1503:
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rock". Moi dix Mois, Versailles, D and Matenrou Opera teamed up for the four-date Japanese Visual Metal tour in late 2023 and released a collaborative single.
224:, is a category of Japanese musicians that have a strong focus on extravagant stage costumes that originated in Japan during the early 1980s. Koji Dejima of
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among others. The popularity and awareness of visual kei groups outside Japan has seen an increase in recent years, mostly through internet and Japanese
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According to sales figures from online music store CDJapan, some of the internationally popular visual kei acts on the late 2010s include the Gazette,
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4776:
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1578:
1277:. Many acts tone-down their appearance upon achieving mainstream success, calling into question whether they are still to be considered visual kei.
320:. Many acts tone-down their appearance upon achieving mainstream success, calling into question whether they are still to be considered visual kei.
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4978:
4951:
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1412:. The biggest fan communities are found in United States, Germany, Poland, Russia, France and Brazil and to some extent Finland, Chile and Sweden.
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was reported as the "world's largest Visual Kei music festival" gathering over 50 "visual artists," although this included some Western acts like
795:'s first three major singles were released with the help of Yoshiki the following year. They were called "the big two" in the scene at that time.
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1301:(Luna Sea) stated in 2010 that "they cannot make good sounds and music is more like a hobby for them. I cannot feel their soul in the music."
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5857:
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615:, reached No. 19 in 1988, making them the first indie band to appear on the main Oricon Albums Chart. Their second and major debut album
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movement and Los Angeles metal scene, or the goth subculture, and topped off with elements from "strange" and "taboo" interests such as
7008:
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delinquent subculture are often noted. The movement designated a new form of Japanese rock music influenced by Western hard rock and
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magazine, which was founded in 1990 as the first publication devoted to the subject. However, he explained in a 2018 interview with
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was released in 1991, topped the charts and sold over 1 million copies. They went on to release two more number one studio albums,
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Rob Schwartz (23 March 2012). "L'Arc-en-Ciel, Japanese Visual Rock Band, To Play Madison Square Garden This Weekend". Billboard.
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Dead End officially reunited in 2009 and La'cryma Christi (which disbanded in 2007) reunited for an anniversary tour in 2010.
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In 1988 and 1989, Buck-Tick and X Japan started to gain mainstream success that continues to present-day. Buck Tick's single "
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1802:
1736:
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Henry Johnson, Akitsugu Kawamoto (2016). "Visual Kei: Glamour in Japanese Pop Music". In Ian Chapman, Henry Johnson (ed.).
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Around the early 1990s, a visual kei scene that placed more emphasize on music rather than fashion arouse in the city of
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3335:"The Legend of Visual-Kei begins here once again "Visual Japan Summit 2016 Powered by Rakuten" is officially confirmed!"
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and signed bands, not limited to visual kei acts, that would go on to make marks on the Japanese music scene, including
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Visual-kei is a uniquely Japanese music scene, but it doesn't have a specific sound – it's more of a movement.
421:
wrote that similarities between the appearances and behavior of the founders of visual kei and members of the
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1150:. It is not associated with any one musical style, as visual kei artists play a variety of genres including
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4879:
4480:
2640:
2434:
1431:, Pfeifle writes that the androgynous look of visual kei bands often has a repulsive effect on Westerners.
879:, who have all performed overseas. Veterans of the scene also established new acts, such as Malice Mizer's
734:
achieving moderate success. At the time, "the big four of visual kei" were Malice Mizer, La'cryma Christi,
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605:(1989) charted at No. 3 and 1 respectively and were the first Japanese rock band to hold a concert at the
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7102:
6959:
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4983:
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662:), were instrumental in promoting the visual kei scene. Extasy was created by X Japan drummer and leader
332:'s slogans, "Psychedelic Violence Crime of Visual Shock", seen on the cover of their second studio album
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401:. Music journalist Taiyo Sawada noted the musical diversity of the scene's early acts; some had strong
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3357:""Visual Japan Summit 2016 Powered by Rakuten" makes 4th release of artist lineup with 29 more groups"
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639:(1996). In 1992, X Japan tried to launch an attempt to enter the American market, even signing with
572:, with radio station and MTV exposure in the United States. In 1990, D'erlanger's major debut album
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When we were growing up around late '80s and early '90s, visual kei was influenced by glam music.
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686:, and while at the time not as popular as Extasy, it had many moderately successful acts, such as
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771:(1996) both topped the Oricon chart. During the 1990s, several other conceptual subgenres like
338:(1989). This derivation is credited as being coined by Seiichi Hoshiko, the founding editor of
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621:(1989) reached number 6 and has since sold 712,000 copies. Their third and best-selling album
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891:. In 2007, visual kei was revitalized as Yoshiki, Gackt, Sugizo and Miyavi formed supergroup
761:(formed in 1993), are credited with "creating the early Nagoya kei style." Kuroyume's albums
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Visual kei emerged in the 1980s Japanese underground music scene, pioneered by bands such as
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757:(formed in 1991) were described as the "Nagoya big two" in the underground scene, and with
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Pfeifle, Megan (2013). "Exposing the Underground: The Japanese Subculture of Visual Kei".
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s Bunny Bissoux concluded in 2015 that the movement "today is basically a parallel of the
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that visual kei was technically coined, or at least inspired by, X Japan's lead guitarist
8:
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1225:. Different artists have taken aesthetic influence from various fashion styles including
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reached No. 5 on the Oricon chart, but they and Dead End both disbanded that same year.
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1245:. Dejima generalized visual kei as being based on the androgynous sensibilities of the
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3578:"Moi dix Mois、Versailles、D、摩天楼オペラのメンバーによるプロジェクト、JVM Roses Blood SymphonyがメモリアルSGをリリース"
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or Japanese uniforms) and Ouji kei or Kodona kei (prince style or boy style, notably
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236:
226:
170:
64:
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1092:, and former D'espairsRay drummer Tsukasa Mogamigawa for being the first visual kei
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Pfeifle described the second transition era as beginning in 1993 with bands such as
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Vocal Music and Contemporary Identities: Unlimited Voices in East Asia and the West
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and featured visual kei bands. Although some bands like the Gazette have played at
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611:
444:
279:
94:
89:
84:
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Johnson, Adrienne Renee (2019). "From Shōjo to Bangya(ru): Women and Visual Kei".
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imagery, while angura kei makes use of traditional Japanese clothing styles like
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1234:
1167:
1139:
1061:
868:
800:
520:" is first successful single by a visual kei band, reaching Top 10 on the charts.
489:
386:
349:
255:
3305:"Luna Sea "Lunatic Fest." Lunacy was announced as the opening act for both days"
3194:"Luna Seahosts Lunatic Fest. 12 artists perform on 3 stages (Moon, Shine, Fate)"
2665:"X [Japan]: Reliving the Height of Japan's Superlative Visual Rock Band"
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1984:
1452:) show a behavioral pattern while attending the concerts, and there are several
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270:, and gained further notoriety in the 1990s through the success of groups like
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Global Glam and Popular Music: Style and Spectacle from the 1970s to the 2000s
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946:(not at full capacity), the majority of acts play in much smaller venues like
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Sample of "Danse Macabre" (1987), a hard rock song from Top 15 charting album
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Visual kei is not a style of music, but the whole physical image of the band.
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1953:
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718:, Glay (although formed in 1988, their first album was released in 1994) and
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Although the first international concert by a visual kei act was held in
856:
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629:
440:
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291:
244:
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6996:
4346:
1819:"Interviewing the man who coined the term "Visual kei", Seiichi Hoshiko"
1217:
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3503:"『マツコの知らない世界』ヴィジュアル系特集に反響 LUNA SEAからMALICE MIZER、アリス九號.まで……非日常を追求する尊さ"
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54:
3942:
Shōjo Across Media: Exploring "Girl" Practices in Contemporary Japan
3167:"Luna Sea Celebrate 25th Anniversary With Star-studded Lunatic Fest"
1985:"ヴィジュアル系におけるメタルサウンドの移り変わり X JAPANからLUNA SEA、DIR EN GREY、DEZERTまでを総括"
1366:
Magazines published regularly in Japan with visual kei coverage are
1114:
6842:
6830:
6788:
6722:
6621:
6587:
6114:
6077:
5793:
5127:
4973:
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1415:
From this influence on international youth subcultures, bands like
1409:
1199:
1041:
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982:
974:
906:
829:
772:
754:
675:
352:. Hoshiko also said that at the time they were called 'Okeshou Kei'
271:
4424:市川哲史(ICHIKAWA Tetsushi); 藤谷千明(FUJITANI Chiaki) (26 August 2018).
542:(1986) sold over 20,000 copies, and whose major label debut album
423:
7132:
6835:
6631:
6611:
5803:
5759:
5749:
5569:
5336:
4582:
4552:
4465:
4070:
Alice in Japanese Wonderlands: Translation, Adaptation, Mediation
1588:
1554:
1360:
1357:
1274:
1262:
1261:. Many subsects of visual kei exist to describe separate styles.
922:
667:
382:
329:
251:
3649:"D'espairsRay Explains Visual Kei Movement, Expressing Emotions"
2745:
1844:"Interview: How Seiichi Hoshiko was impacted by hide of X Japan"
909:
and wear bright colorful attire. Pioneers of this style include
710:
went on to become one of the best-selling musical acts in Japan.
7137:
6883:
6580:
6454:
6052:
5778:
5773:
5623:
5214:
5144:
5100:
5078:
4562:
4557:
4537:
4454:
3552:"Moi dix Mois × Versailles × D × 摩天楼オペラが共同声明「我々は共に手を組みここに宣言する」"
3092:
3064:
2606:
2578:
2549:
2280:
2190:
2073:
1584:
1298:
1294:
1258:
1088:
with fans during concerts, Choke for their avant-garde form of
1069:
1045:
1033:
1029:
965:
929:
876:
837:
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746:
735:
731:
5835:
5985:
5798:
5783:
5769:
5618:
5578:
5574:
4910:
4749:
4407:
Laputa―from the cradle to the grave 1999 (Fool's Mate extrax)
4293:
2069:"Shinjidai ni Totsunyu! Neo Visual Kei Band Taidō no Kizashi"
1485:
1397:
1382:
1337:
1212:
1073:
804:
659:
651:
340:
287:
30:
6493:
848:
managed by record companies like PS Company (Free-Will) and
836:
performing in 2010, wearing costumes inspired by the French
4744:
1911:
1266:
1203:
performers. This rose to prominence through the success of
1094:
1065:
1002:
707:
679:
275:
4317:
1915:
Sokstyle Deficit Disorder: Harajuku Street Fashion - Tokyo
286:. The movement's success continued through the 2000s with
6776:
6626:
4205:
3683:
3617:
3171:
2937:
2822:
1872:"Pretty Babies: Japan's Undying Gothic Lolita Phenomenon"
844:
A second generation emerged in small visual kei-specific
4351:. Vol. 21. The George Mason Review. pp. 74–87.
4263:"Globalizing Visual Kei: Investigating the Visual Style"
4244:
4242:
2949:
2355:
2353:
2004:
2002:
560:
through the same record label. Dead End even had albums
4359:
Japanese Popular Music: Culture, Authenticity and Power
2864:"Japanese rock singer Miyavi makes debut in 'Unbroken'"
1772:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1764:
554:. That same year, Buck-Tick released their major debut
4305:
2386:【V系】ヴィジュアル系はもう「終わり」?「2012年のV系を振り返る」第3回(ゲスト:NoGoD 団長) -
779:), Angura kei (underground style, wearing traditional
4281:
4239:
2961:
2727:
2350:
1999:
825:
2001–2009: International expansion and neo-visual kei
3998:"Dir En Grey feature interview with guitarist Kaoru"
3971:"【インタビュー】Mana × Közi、MALICE MIZERを語る「Kamiの約束が実現できる」"
1761:
1661:
1488:
culture), are related to the Lacanian man's type of
1221:". Such aesthetics are reminiscent of those seen in
643:
for a US album, but this ultimately did not happen.
4126:"Shock-rock act Dir En Grey snub cartoons for cred"
3646:
2485:
2365:
1134:Sources have variously referred to visual kei as a
697:
310:, a period which some critics term "neo-visual kei"
4148:
3143:【エンタがビタミン♪】LUNA SEAが終幕と復活の真相語る。「ここで終わらせるのは罪だと思った」。
2040:"Introducing Globalizing Visual Kei: A Web Series"
3008:"V-Rock Festival 2011 - White and Rainbow Stages"
2631:PIERROT×DIR EN GREY 『ANDROGYNOS』がもたらした"丘戦争"と歴史的融和
376:
7205:
4528:
3809:
3745:
3743:
3741:
3005:
2218:"Indies eXplosion: The Early History of X JAPAN"
989:, and Luna Sea reunited and began a world tour.
985:announced the reformations of both Kuroyume and
3666:Musically speaking, visual kei can do anything.
3164:
2916:
1782:
1527:vocalist Mikaru wearing a costume in Paris 2007
958:. A second V-Rock Festival was held in 2011 at
361:
215:
188:
4260:
3989:
3749:
2150:
2148:
2037:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2017:
1967:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1684:
1445:
898:
355:
328:The term "visual kei" was derived from one of
313:
209:
6509:
5851:
5717:
5280:List of best-selling Western artists in Japan
4481:
4185:"V.A.「DEAD END Tribute -SONG OF LUNATICS-」特集"
4179:
4177:
3815:
3738:
3671:
3437:"TOP 15 VISUAL KEI AND JAPANESE ACTS OF 2017"
3035:"V-Rock Festival 2011 - Rose and Moon Stages"
2707:
2271:
2269:
1737:"Bounce Di(s)ctionary Number 13 – Visual Kei"
1680:
1678:
1676:
176:
4041:
4006:. Archived from the original on 28 July 2012
2796:"The Pop Life: End of a Life, End of an Era"
2774:
1941:
1480:acts on the stage by some musicians, called
1197:in a manner similar to traditional Japanese
1193:aesthetics, with some of its male musicians
966:2009–present: Reunions and further expansion
905:emerged, where the musicians produce upbeat
5275:List of best-selling music artists in Japan
4731:Daigaku-Ōenka (cheering song of university)
3714:"International Music Feed feature "J Rock""
3146:(in Japanese). Techinsight. 4 December 2013
2816:That's it. The torch has been passed to us.
2145:
2014:
1987:(in Japanese). Real Sound. 30 November 2019
1858:
1512:with white face paint in New York City 2007
1265:is one such subsect which is influenced by
250:Visual kei was pioneered by groups such as
198:
6516:
6502:
5858:
5844:
5724:
5710:
4488:
4474:
4174:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3875:
3640:
3279:"Lunatic Fest. at Makuhari Messe: Part #3"
3252:"Lunatic Fest. at Makuhari Messe: Part #2"
3225:"Lunatic Fest. at Makuhari Messe: Part #1"
2786:
2784:
2782:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2662:
2266:
1838:
1836:
1673:
1102:'s singing style has been referred to as "
819:That's it. The torch has been passed to us
589:" is first visual kei No. 1 single on the
29:
3883:"the Underneath Debuts: Interview Part 1"
3843:
3841:
3706:
3679:"Visual Kei 101 – Segment 2: the GazettE"
3613:"Visual Kei 101 – Segment 1: the GazettE"
3607:
3605:
3603:
3601:
3387:"「LUNATIC FEST.」にGLAY、back number、大黒摩季登場"
3032:
2455:
2453:
2063:
2061:
1945:第110回:「ロックと日本の60年」第11章 バブルの喧噪に射し込んだニルヴァーナ
405:influence, some were influenced by 1980s
5731:
4225:"dokidoki: raptor startet neues Magazin"
4117:
3963:
3911:
2574:PIERROT11年ぶり本格復活! DIR EN GREYと異色プロジェクト始動
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1472:(spread hands in the air). The explicit
1400:, shown for example by German magazines
1351:
1211:performed dressed as a woman and singer
1113:
969:
828:
701:
4404:
4377:Utz, Christian; Lau, Frederick (2013).
4355:
4344:
4287:
4211:
4066:
3938:
3927:
3505:(in Japanese). Real Sound. 7 April 2021
3088:ラクリマ再結成! 来年ツアーへ 世界初のV-ROCKフェス初日に1万5000人
2967:
2955:
2943:
2790:
2779:
2733:
2690:
2503:
2466:SHUN.'S FAVORITE THINGS Vol.30 90年代名古屋系
2359:
2008:
1977:
1833:
1734:
1667:
997:and Tokyo Yankees the first night, and
855:Notable newer visual kei bands include
791:released their major debut single, and
290:and more musically broad bands such as
7206:
4376:
4323:
4311:
4299:
4248:
4156:"Interview: The Killing Red Addiction"
4123:
4091:
3838:
3647:Allyson B. Crawford (14 August 2009).
3598:
3379:
2979:
2828:
2450:
2425:「今夜はカラオケしマクリマクリスティ」90年代を代表するヴィジュアル系四天王
2326:
2324:
2058:
1952:(in Japanese). Sockets. Archived from
1912:Tiffany Godoy; Ivan Vartanian (2007).
1869:
1776:
1557:wearing matching outfits in Paris 2009
6497:
5839:
5705:
5292:List of best-selling singles in Japan
4469:
4405:加納一美(KANO Kazumi) (27 October 1999).
4227:(in German). otaji.de. 10 August 2015
4042:Arulvarathan, Subha (15 April 2006).
3006:Polina & Kay (22 December 2011).
2888:
2421:
2198:from the original on 19 December 2012
2098:短期集中連載:増田勇一のDEAD END回想録(1)『DEAD LINE』
1788:
1709:
887:and three members of Pierrot forming
5287:List of best-selling albums in Japan
4423:
3780:
3276:
3249:
3222:
2656:
2627:
2509:
2491:
2459:
2371:
2126:短期集中連載:増田勇一のDEAD END回想録(3)『SHAMBARA』
1434:According to the musicologists, the
3750:Reesman, Bryan (30 November 2006).
2321:
1321:(L'Arc-en-Ciel) were influenced by
803:died after the departure of singer
753:. Silver-Rose (formed in 1989) and
13:
5423:List of Japanese hip hop musicians
5403:List of musical artists from Japan
4495:
3995:
3855:. 24 November 2008. Archived from
3818:"Interview with YOSHIKI in Brazil"
3816:Daniel Robson (20 November 2011).
3701:Visual kei isn't a genre of music.
3687:. 12 November 2013. Archived from
3621:. 11 November 2013. Archived from
3523:
3363:. 9 September 2016. Archived from
3337:. Sync Music Japan. 16 August 2016
2248:"BIOGRAPHY バイオグラフィ hideモバイル-JETS-"
1118:Many visual kei musicians utilize
1109:
1001:, Buck-Tick, D'erlanger, Glay and
646:Two record labels formed in 1986,
568:(1988) released by American label
528:Problems playing these files? See
458:
14:
7265:
7113:Animal rights and punk subculture
4447:
2917:Lara Garnermann (18 April 2010).
2224:. 29 October 2007. Archived from
1634:List of visual kei musical groups
950:. In 2009 the V-Rock Festival at
6478:
6477:
6377:New wave of American heavy metal
4453:
4124:Robson, Daniel (27 April 2007).
3914:"Japan's gender-bending history"
3439:. jrocknews.com. 4 December 2017
3165:Daisuke Kikuchi (31 July 2015).
2399:31 December 2012. Archived from
2162:. 27 August 2007. Archived from
1612:
1596:
1577:
1562:
1547:
1532:
1517:
1502:
1408:, as well European record label
698:1993–2000: Expansion and decline
503:
474:
7098:List of punk compilation albums
6382:New wave of British heavy metal
5865:
5408:List of Japanese musical groups
4801:Shichōsonka (municipality song)
4261:Pfeifle, Megan (30 July 2011).
4254:
4217:
4193:(in Japanese). 5 September 2013
4060:
4035:
3905:
3570:
3544:
3517:
3495:
3473:
3451:
3429:
3407:
3349:
3327:
3297:
3270:
3243:
3216:
3200:. 14 April 2015. Archived from
3186:
3158:
3134:
3107:
3079:
3053:
3026:
2999:
2973:
2910:
2889:Evers, Mi. (11 December 2007).
2882:
2856:
2834:
2768:
2739:
2621:
2593:
2565:
2537:
2497:
2415:
2377:
2332:"Visual Kei and Extasy Records"
2295:
2240:
2210:
2178:
2117:
2089:
1935:
1905:
1899:
1685:Kristen Sollee (25 June 2006).
749:, and as such was later dubbed
417:. Japanese pop culture website
5322:Sony Music Entertainment Japan
4430:Every Road Leads to the V Kei.
4269:. Japanese Music Entertainment
3285:. Japanese Music Entertainment
3258:. Japanese Music Entertainment
3231:. Japanese Music Entertainment
3041:. Japanese Music Entertainment
3014:. Japanese Music Entertainment
2925:. Japanese Music Entertainment
2708:Bunny Bissoux (11 June 2015).
2046:. Japanese Music Entertainment
2038:Pfeifle, Megan (4 June 2011).
1893:
1870:Suzuki, Chako (January 2007).
1811:
706:Originally a visual kei band,
377:1980–1992: Origins and success
39:as members of visual kei band
16:Category of Japanese musicians
1:
6523:
4356:Stevens, Carolyn S. (2012) .
4333:
3977:(in Japanese). 29 August 2018
3788:"Interview with MUCC at RTOC"
3558:(in Japanese). 1 January 2023
3311:. 1 June 2015. Archived from
3116:解散から1年を経て黒夢本格的復活&SADSも7年ぶり再始動
3061:"伝説のロックバンド・DEAD END、20年ぶりに復活"
2133:(in Japanese). 11 August 2009
1942:Taiyo Sawada (21 July 2015).
1846:. JRock News. 31 January 2018
1821:. JRock News. 24 January 2018
1745:(in Japanese). Archived from
1572:guitarist Ryōga in Paris 2010
1542:vocalist Hakuei in Paris 2008
1484:(a sexual term borrowed from
1347:
1126:in their aesthetics, such as
3395:(in Japanese). 16 April 2018
2663:Chi Minnie (15 April 2006).
2105:(in Japanese). 4 August 2009
1284:
875:, as well as solo performer
775:kei (notably represented by
593:, while their studio albums
413:, while others evolved from
323:
7:
7103:List of punk rock festivals
6387:Early Norwegian black metal
4398:
4044:"For those about to J-Rock"
3912:Adetunji, Jo (March 2017).
2303:"The Jrock Legend: X Japan"
1627:
1404:(discontinued in 2011) and
362:
216:
189:
10:
7270:
7057:Second wave punk musicians
5691:Min-On Concert Association
5418:List of Japanese composers
4338:
4075:University of Hawaii Press
2842:"Wrasse Records Biography"
2186:"D'ERLANGERのアルバム売り上げランキング"
2077:(in Japanese). 7 June 2006
1495:
1215:was a "living specimen of
371:
7090:
7052:First wave punk musicians
7044:
6932:
6861:
6561:
6531:
6468:
6415:
6297:
6200:
5873:
5812:
5737:
5673:
5542:
5436:
5395:
5370:
5309:
5300:
5267:
5207:
5179:
5071:
4924:
4864:
4854:
4669:
4514:
4503:
4027:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
3949:. pp. 303–313, 322.
3586:(in Japanese). 9 May 2023
3033:Remy Zane (29 May 2012).
2980:JKlein (11 August 2009).
2710:"The story of visual kei"
2469:. Visulog. Archived from
2156:"LUNA SEA: God Bless You"
1968:
1525:Dio – Distraught Overlord
1446:
899:
356:
314:
210:
177:
174:
145:
140:
133:
128:
121:
116:
108:
47:
28:
23:
7224:Japanese styles of music
5428:List of Japanese singers
5256:RIAJ Digital Track Chart
5106:Japanese net label scene
4425:
4362:. Taylor & Francis.
4067:Kennell, Amanda (2023).
3719:International Music Feed
3142:
3115:
3087:
2630:
2601:
2573:
2517:
2465:
2424:
2385:
2125:
2097:
1944:
1654:
1510:The Candy Spooky Theater
150:Japanese popular culture
6327:Bangladeshi heavy metal
6317:Australian thrash metal
4791:Radio calisthenics song
4695:Gakusēka (student song)
4348:The George Mason Review
4302:, pp. 17, 262–288.
3849:"Interview with Angelo"
2422:野中すふれ (14 March 2016).
1048:, Dadaroma, Initial'L,
450:The George Mason Review
155:Japanese street fashion
6450:Heavy metal subculture
6362:Indigenous metal music
6337:Brazilian thrash metal
6322:Australian heavy metal
5362:Teichiku Entertainment
4719:Ryōka (dormitory song)
3524:荒金, 良介 (31 May 2016).
3277:Tomo (2 August 2015).
2982:"V-Rock Festival 2009"
2891:"Gackt! Gackt! Gackt!"
2525:(in Japanese). CDジャーナル
2430:Excite Japan Co., Ltd.
2277:"X、初期のリマスター再発商品2作が好調!"
1789:Inoue, Takako (2003).
1687:"Japanese Rock on NPR"
1363:
1131:
978:
841:
711:
550:reached No. 14 on the
463:
7193:Timeline of punk rock
7123:Death of Brian Deneke
6733:Progressive metalcore
6402:Teutonic thrash metal
6332:Bay Area thrash metal
6312:Argentine heavy metal
5927:Blackened death metal
5413:List of J-pop artists
5327:Universal Music Japan
5310:"Big 10" (as of 2024)
5028:Ōenka (cheering song)
4750:Gunka (military song)
4432:]. Shinko Music.
3250:Tomo (25 July 2015).
3223:Tomo (21 July 2015).
2628:清水素子 (28 July 2017).
1355:
1117:
973:
832:
705:
585:" entered No. 6 and "
462:
7229:Japanese subcultures
7019:Scottish Gaelic punk
6342:Canadian heavy metal
5732:Japanese subcultures
5342:Victor Entertainment
4605:Komori-uta (lullaby)
4462:at Wikimedia Commons
4099:"Sugizo on Luna Sea"
3764:on 28 September 2007
1356:Japanese fans doing
787:) emerged. In 1998,
591:Oricon Singles Chart
548:Victor Entertainment
499:"Just One More Kiss"
7061:List of punk bands
6397:Swedish death metal
6352:Florida death metal
6347:Chinese heavy metal
6307:African heavy metal
6105:Neue Deutsche Härte
5543:Online distributors
5180:Ethnic and regional
4509:" (National anthem)
4326:, pp. 258–262.
4056:on 11 October 2007.
3859:on 13 November 2013
3691:on 12 November 2013
2831:, pp. 250–251.
2463:(27 January 2015).
1918:. Chronicle Books.
1791:Visual kei no jidai
1378:Fool's Mate Express
1018:Nocturnal Bloodlust
960:Saitama Super Arena
570:Metal Blade Records
552:Oricon Albums Chart
546:(1987) released by
7239:Heavy metal genres
7187:List of punk films
7082:Women in punk rock
6605:Christian hardcore
6372:Les Légions Noires
6100:Neoclassical metal
5910:National Socialist
5813:Cultural phenomena
5624:Oricon Music Store
5577:(the successor of
5352:Warner Music Group
4707:Kōka (school song)
4324:Utz & Lau 2013
4312:Utz & Lau 2013
4300:Utz & Lau 2013
4249:Utz & Lau 2013
4214:, pp. 78, 83.
4105:. 10 February 2010
3947:Palgrave Macmillan
3889:. 29 February 2008
3726:on 12 October 2007
3526:"矢島舞依 激ロック インタビュー"
2946:, pp. 79, 86.
2829:Utz & Lau 2013
2801:The New York Times
2675:on 11 October 2007
2602:DIR EN GREYのプロフィール
2545:"黒夢のアルバム売上TOP12作品"
2504:extrax Laputa 1999
2283:. 14 February 2007
1900:Utz & Lau 2013
1777:Utz & Lau 2013
1649:Scene (subculture)
1607:in Pittsburgh 2012
1364:
1307:The Dead Pop Stars
1207:, whose guitarist
1132:
1084:, such as playing
1005:the second night.
979:
977:in Singapore, 2013
842:
712:
583:Just One More Kiss
518:Just One More Kiss
464:
112:Early 1980s, Japan
7244:Rock music genres
7201:
7200:
7118:Conservative Punk
7045:People and groups
6728:Melodic metalcore
6671:Beatdown hardcore
6491:
6490:
6150:Progressive metal
5895:Beatdown hardcore
5890:Avant-garde metal
5885:Alternative metal
5833:
5832:
5699:
5698:
5560:Google Play Music
5391:
5390:
5260:
5175:
5174:
4672:Meiji Restoration
4665:
4664:
4548:Dainichido Bugaku
4529:Genres and styles
4458:Media related to
4439:978-4-401-64639-5
4390:978-1-136-15521-5
4369:978-0-415-38057-7
3367:on 20 August 2017
2958:, pp. 78–79.
2870:. 31 October 2014
2868:Los Angeles Times
2669:asiaarts.ucla.edu
2403:on 1 January 2017
2166:on 9 January 2016
1804:978-4-7872-3216-8
1464:(reversed dive),
1456:(movements) like
1082:underground idols
850:Maverick DC Group
674:and Ladies Room.
508:
479:
366:, "Makeup Style")
163:
162:
48:Stylistic origins
7261:
7234:Punk rock genres
7219:Japanese fashion
7091:Related articles
6869:Alternative rock
6691:Melodic hardcore
6681:Digital hardcore
6676:Crossover thrash
6518:
6511:
6504:
6495:
6494:
6481:
6480:
6430:Environmentalism
6201:Musical elements
6185:Crossover thrash
6063:Industrial metal
5860:
5853:
5846:
5837:
5836:
5755:Fujoshi/fudanshi
5726:
5719:
5712:
5703:
5702:
5666:
5654:
5642:
5605:
5593:
5307:
5306:
5302:Record companies
5258:
5199:Southern Islands
5124:
5097:
5063:Juliana’s techno
5024:
4987:
4960:
4895:
4883:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4847:
4833:
4821:
4809:
4785:
4773:
4739:
4727:
4715:
4703:
4691:
4676:
4654:
4642:
4630:
4618:
4601:
4526:
4525:
4490:
4483:
4476:
4467:
4466:
4457:
4443:
4420:
4394:
4373:
4352:
4327:
4321:
4315:
4309:
4303:
4297:
4291:
4285:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4258:
4252:
4246:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4232:
4221:
4215:
4209:
4203:
4202:
4200:
4198:
4181:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4160:JRock Revolution
4152:
4146:
4145:
4140:
4138:
4121:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4110:
4095:
4089:
4088:
4064:
4058:
4057:
4052:. Archived from
4039:
4033:
4032:
4026:
4018:
4013:
4011:
3993:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3982:
3967:
3961:
3960:
3936:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3909:
3903:
3902:
3896:
3894:
3887:JRock Revolution
3879:
3873:
3872:
3866:
3864:
3853:JRock Revolution
3845:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3828:
3813:
3807:
3806:
3801:
3799:
3784:
3778:
3777:
3771:
3769:
3760:. Archived from
3747:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3722:. Archived from
3710:
3704:
3703:
3698:
3696:
3675:
3669:
3668:
3663:
3661:
3644:
3638:
3637:
3632:
3630:
3625:on 21 April 2016
3609:
3596:
3595:
3593:
3591:
3574:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3563:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3537:
3521:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3510:
3499:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3488:
3481:"Ranking (2019)"
3477:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3459:"Ranking (2018)"
3455:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3444:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3422:
3415:"Ranking (2016)"
3411:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3342:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3320:
3315:on 9 August 2016
3301:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3290:
3274:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3263:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3204:on 14 April 2015
3190:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3162:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3111:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3083:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3057:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3030:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3003:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2992:
2977:
2971:
2965:
2959:
2953:
2947:
2941:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2844:. Wrasse Records
2838:
2832:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2810:
2808:
2794:(18 June 1998).
2788:
2777:
2776:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2743:
2737:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2705:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2680:
2671:. Archived from
2660:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2644:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2581:. 1 January 2017
2569:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2513:
2507:
2501:
2495:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2473:on 26 March 2015
2457:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2438:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2397:CyberAgent, Inc.
2381:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2357:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2338:. 25 August 2007
2336:JRock Revolution
2328:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2309:. 26 August 2007
2307:JRock Revolution
2299:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2273:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2222:JRock Revolution
2214:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2160:JRock Revolution
2152:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2065:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2035:
2012:
2006:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1963:
1961:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1909:
1903:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1884:
1882:
1876:fashionlines.com
1867:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1840:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1786:
1780:
1774:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1732:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1699:
1692:The Big Takeover
1682:
1671:
1665:
1616:
1603:All-female band
1600:
1587:performing with
1581:
1566:
1551:
1536:
1521:
1506:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1368:Arena 37 °C
1335:
904:
902:
901:
815:
724:La'cryma Christi
641:Atlantic Records
612:Vanishing Vision
562:Ghost of Romance
544:Ghost of Romance
516:'s 1988 single "
510:
509:
486:Ghost of Romance
481:
480:
461:
367:
365:
359:
358:
319:
317:
316:
223:
222:
219:
213:
212:
202:
200:
196:
193:
182:
180:
179:
109:Cultural origins
90:alternative rock
85:progressive rock
33:
21:
20:
7269:
7268:
7264:
7263:
7262:
7260:
7259:
7258:
7204:
7203:
7202:
7197:
7163:Punk literature
7158:Punk visual art
7153:Punk ideologies
7143:Punk subculture
7086:
7077:Punk filmmakers
7040:
6928:
6857:
6826:Punk pathetique
6563:
6557:
6527:
6522:
6492:
6487:
6464:
6411:
6407:Ukrainian metal
6357:Hungarian metal
6299:
6293:
6235:Gallop drumbeat
6196:
6175:Symphonic metal
5937:Christian metal
5876:
5869:
5864:
5834:
5829:
5808:
5733:
5730:
5700:
5695:
5669:
5660:
5648:
5636:
5599:
5587:
5538:
5432:
5387:
5366:
5332:King Record Co.
5296:
5263:
5238:Billboard Japan
5203:
5171:
5118:
5091:
5067:
5018:
4981:
4954:
4920:
4889:
4877:
4856:
4850:
4841:
4827:
4815:
4803:
4779:
4767:
4733:
4721:
4709:
4697:
4685:
4683:Commercial song
4674:
4661:
4648:
4636:
4624:
4612:
4595:
4524:
4510:
4499:
4494:
4450:
4440:
4427:
4417:
4409:. FOOL'S MATE.
4401:
4391:
4370:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4330:
4322:
4318:
4310:
4306:
4298:
4294:
4286:
4282:
4272:
4270:
4259:
4255:
4247:
4240:
4230:
4228:
4223:
4222:
4218:
4210:
4206:
4196:
4194:
4183:
4182:
4175:
4165:
4163:
4154:
4153:
4149:
4136:
4134:
4131:The Japan Times
4122:
4118:
4108:
4106:
4097:
4096:
4092:
4085:
4077:. p. 124.
4065:
4061:
4040:
4036:
4020:
4019:
4009:
4007:
3994:
3990:
3980:
3978:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3957:
3937:
3928:
3918:
3916:
3910:
3906:
3892:
3890:
3881:
3880:
3876:
3862:
3860:
3847:
3846:
3839:
3826:
3824:
3814:
3810:
3797:
3795:
3786:
3785:
3781:
3767:
3765:
3748:
3739:
3729:
3727:
3712:
3711:
3707:
3694:
3692:
3677:
3676:
3672:
3659:
3657:
3645:
3641:
3628:
3626:
3611:
3610:
3599:
3589:
3587:
3583:Billboard Japan
3576:
3575:
3571:
3561:
3559:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3535:
3533:
3522:
3518:
3508:
3506:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3486:
3484:
3479:
3478:
3474:
3464:
3462:
3457:
3456:
3452:
3442:
3440:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3420:
3418:
3413:
3412:
3408:
3398:
3396:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3370:
3368:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3340:
3338:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3318:
3316:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3288:
3286:
3275:
3271:
3261:
3259:
3248:
3244:
3234:
3232:
3221:
3217:
3207:
3205:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3177:
3175:
3163:
3159:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3125:
3123:
3119:(in Japanese).
3117:
3113:
3112:
3108:
3098:
3096:
3091:(in Japanese).
3089:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3070:
3068:
3063:(in Japanese).
3059:
3058:
3054:
3044:
3042:
3031:
3027:
3017:
3015:
3004:
3000:
2990:
2988:
2986:JRockRevolution
2978:
2974:
2966:
2962:
2954:
2950:
2942:
2938:
2928:
2926:
2915:
2911:
2901:
2899:
2887:
2883:
2873:
2871:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2847:
2845:
2840:
2839:
2835:
2827:
2823:
2806:
2804:
2789:
2780:
2773:
2769:
2762:
2754:. p. 202.
2744:
2740:
2732:
2728:
2718:
2716:
2706:
2691:
2678:
2676:
2661:
2657:
2647:
2645:
2638:
2634:(in Japanese).
2632:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2610:
2605:(in Japanese).
2603:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2584:
2582:
2577:(in Japanese).
2575:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2556:
2554:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2528:
2526:
2519:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2502:
2498:
2490:
2486:
2476:
2474:
2467:
2458:
2451:
2441:
2439:
2432:
2428:(in Japanese).
2426:
2420:
2416:
2406:
2404:
2395:(in Japanese).
2387:
2383:
2382:
2378:
2370:
2366:
2358:
2351:
2341:
2339:
2330:
2329:
2322:
2312:
2310:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2286:
2284:
2279:(in Japanese).
2275:
2274:
2267:
2257:
2255:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2231:
2229:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2201:
2199:
2194:(in Japanese).
2184:
2183:
2179:
2169:
2167:
2154:
2153:
2146:
2136:
2134:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2108:
2106:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2080:
2078:
2067:
2066:
2059:
2049:
2047:
2036:
2015:
2007:
2000:
1990:
1988:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1966:
1959:
1957:
1956:on 23 July 2015
1946:
1940:
1936:
1926:
1910:
1906:
1898:
1894:
1880:
1878:
1868:
1859:
1849:
1847:
1842:
1841:
1834:
1824:
1822:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1805:
1787:
1783:
1775:
1762:
1752:
1750:
1749:on 1 March 2008
1733:
1710:
1697:
1695:
1683:
1674:
1666:
1662:
1657:
1630:
1623:
1622:in Alberta 2012
1617:
1608:
1601:
1592:
1582:
1573:
1567:
1558:
1552:
1543:
1537:
1528:
1522:
1513:
1507:
1498:
1443:
1350:
1333:
1317:(Luna Sea) and
1287:
1112:
1110:Characteristics
968:
896:
827:
813:
700:
535:
534:
526:
524:
523:
522:
521:
511:
504:
501:
495:
494:
493:
482:
475:
472:
470:"Danse Macabre"
465:
459:
379:
374:
353:
326:
311:
220:
207:
201:"Visual Style")
191:
168:
159:
104:
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7267:
7257:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7199:
7198:
7196:
7195:
7190:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7100:
7094:
7092:
7088:
7087:
7085:
7084:
7079:
7074:
7073:
7072:
7067:
7059:
7054:
7048:
7046:
7042:
7041:
7039:
7038:
7033:
7023:
7022:
7021:
7016:
7009:United Kingdom
7006:
7005:
7004:
6999:
6989:
6984:
6979:
6974:
6969:
6964:
6963:
6962:
6952:
6947:
6942:
6936:
6934:
6930:
6929:
6927:
6926:
6921:
6916:
6911:
6906:
6901:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6865:
6863:
6862:Related genres
6859:
6858:
6856:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6839:
6838:
6828:
6823:
6818:
6813:
6808:
6803:
6802:
6801:
6796:
6786:
6785:
6784:
6774:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6758:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6737:
6736:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6719:
6718:
6713:
6703:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6663:
6658:
6657:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6636:
6635:
6634:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6609:
6608:
6607:
6600:Christian punk
6597:
6596:
6595:
6585:
6584:
6583:
6578:
6567:
6565:
6562:Subgenres and
6559:
6558:
6556:
6555:
6554:
6553:
6552:
6551:
6535:
6533:
6529:
6528:
6521:
6520:
6513:
6506:
6498:
6489:
6488:
6486:
6485:
6475:
6469:
6466:
6465:
6463:
6462:
6457:
6452:
6447:
6442:
6437:
6432:
6427:
6421:
6419:
6413:
6412:
6410:
6409:
6404:
6399:
6394:
6389:
6384:
6379:
6374:
6369:
6367:Japanese metal
6364:
6359:
6354:
6349:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6303:
6301:
6298:Notable scenes
6295:
6294:
6292:
6291:
6290:
6289:
6284:
6276:
6271:
6270:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6239:
6238:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6217:
6216:
6215:
6204:
6202:
6198:
6197:
6195:
6194:
6189:
6188:
6187:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6096:
6095:
6090:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6024:
6023:
6021:Medieval metal
6018:
6008:
6003:
5998:
5993:
5988:
5983:
5982:
5981:
5971:
5966:
5964:Death 'n' roll
5961:
5960:
5959:
5954:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5923:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5881:
5879:
5871:
5870:
5863:
5862:
5855:
5848:
5840:
5831:
5830:
5828:
5827:
5822:
5816:
5814:
5810:
5809:
5807:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5741:
5739:
5735:
5734:
5729:
5728:
5721:
5714:
5706:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5677:
5675:
5671:
5670:
5668:
5667:
5655:
5643:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5594:
5582:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5546:
5544:
5540:
5539:
5537:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5440:
5438:
5434:
5433:
5431:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5399:
5397:
5393:
5392:
5389:
5388:
5386:
5385:
5380:
5374:
5372:
5368:
5367:
5365:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5313:
5311:
5304:
5298:
5297:
5295:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5283:
5282:
5271:
5269:
5265:
5264:
5262:
5261:
5259:(discontinued)
5253:
5252:
5251:
5246:
5234:
5233:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5211:
5209:
5205:
5204:
5202:
5201:
5196:
5195:
5194:
5183:
5181:
5177:
5176:
5173:
5172:
5170:
5169:
5167:Vocaloid music
5164:
5163:
5162:
5157:
5147:
5142:
5141:
5140:
5130:
5125:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5086:
5081:
5075:
5073:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4928:
4926:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4897:
4896:
4884:
4868:
4866:
4859:
4857:(1945–present)
4852:
4851:
4849:
4848:
4836:
4835:
4834:
4810:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4774:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4745:Enzetsuka/Enka
4742:
4741:
4740:
4728:
4716:
4692:
4679:
4677:
4675:(1868–present)
4667:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4659:
4658:
4657:
4656:
4655:
4643:
4631:
4607:
4602:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4532:
4530:
4520:
4518:
4512:
4511:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4497:Music of Japan
4493:
4492:
4485:
4478:
4470:
4464:
4463:
4449:
4448:External links
4446:
4445:
4444:
4438:
4421:
4415:
4400:
4397:
4396:
4395:
4389:
4374:
4368:
4353:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4316:
4314:, p. 258.
4304:
4292:
4280:
4253:
4251:, p. 251.
4238:
4216:
4204:
4173:
4162:. 12 July 2009
4147:
4116:
4090:
4083:
4059:
4034:
3996:Mascia, Mike.
3988:
3962:
3955:
3926:
3904:
3874:
3837:
3822:JaME-World.com
3808:
3794:. 25 July 2008
3779:
3737:
3705:
3670:
3639:
3597:
3569:
3543:
3516:
3494:
3472:
3450:
3428:
3406:
3378:
3348:
3326:
3296:
3269:
3242:
3215:
3185:
3157:
3133:
3106:
3095:. 4 March 2015
3078:
3052:
3025:
2998:
2972:
2960:
2948:
2936:
2909:
2881:
2855:
2833:
2821:
2778:
2767:
2760:
2738:
2726:
2689:
2655:
2620:
2592:
2564:
2536:
2508:
2496:
2494:, p. 366.
2484:
2449:
2414:
2376:
2374:, p. 362.
2364:
2349:
2320:
2294:
2265:
2239:
2228:on 1 July 2015
2209:
2177:
2144:
2116:
2088:
2057:
2013:
1998:
1976:
1934:
1924:
1904:
1892:
1857:
1832:
1810:
1803:
1781:
1779:, p. 250.
1760:
1708:
1672:
1670:, pp. 75.
1659:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1644:Japanese metal
1641:
1636:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1618:
1611:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1593:
1591:in Brazil 2011
1583:
1576:
1574:
1568:
1561:
1559:
1553:
1546:
1544:
1538:
1531:
1529:
1523:
1516:
1514:
1508:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1421:Marilyn Manson
1417:Cinema Bizarre
1349:
1346:
1330:Time Out Tokyo
1286:
1283:
1195:cross-dressing
1191:gender bending
1124:cross-dressing
1111:
1108:
1038:Matenrou Opera
1020:, Versailles,
967:
964:
956:Marilyn Manson
952:Makuhari Messe
948:Shibuya O-East
883:with his band
826:
823:
740:Fanatic Crisis
699:
696:
684:Dynamite Tommy
648:Extasy Records
596:Seventh Heaven
525:
512:
502:
497:
496:
483:
473:
468:
467:
466:
457:
456:
455:
437:Twisted Sister
378:
375:
373:
370:
325:
322:
203:, abbreviated
161:
160:
158:
157:
152:
146:
143:
142:
138:
137:
131:
130:
126:
125:
119:
118:
114:
113:
110:
106:
105:
103:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
51:
49:
45:
44:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7266:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7211:
7209:
7194:
7191:
7188:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7178:Straight edge
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7096:
7095:
7093:
7089:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7071:
7068:
7066:
7063:
7062:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7049:
7047:
7043:
7037:
7034:
7031:
7027:
7026:United States
7024:
7020:
7017:
7015:
7012:
7011:
7010:
7007:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6994:
6993:
6990:
6988:
6985:
6983:
6980:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6965:
6961:
6960:List of bands
6958:
6957:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6931:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6907:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6866:
6864:
6860:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6837:
6834:
6833:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6806:Post-hardcore
6804:
6800:
6797:
6795:
6792:
6791:
6790:
6787:
6783:
6780:
6779:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6709:
6708:
6707:
6706:Electronicore
6704:
6702:
6699:
6698:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6668:
6667:
6666:Hardcore punk
6664:
6662:
6659:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6641:
6640:
6637:
6633:
6630:
6629:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6606:
6603:
6602:
6601:
6598:
6594:
6591:
6590:
6589:
6586:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6573:
6572:
6569:
6568:
6566:
6564:fusion genres
6560:
6550:
6547:
6546:
6545:
6542:
6541:
6540:
6537:
6536:
6534:
6530:
6526:
6519:
6514:
6512:
6507:
6505:
6500:
6499:
6496:
6484:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6470:
6467:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6422:
6420:
6418:
6414:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6302:
6300:and movements
6296:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6279:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6244:
6243:
6240:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6222:
6221:
6218:
6214:
6211:
6210:
6209:
6206:
6205:
6203:
6199:
6193:
6190:
6186:
6183:
6182:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6085:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6013:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6006:Extreme metal
6004:
6002:
6001:Electronicore
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5980:
5977:
5976:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5949:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5907:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5882:
5880:
5878:
5877:fusion genres
5875:Subgenres and
5872:
5868:
5861:
5856:
5854:
5849:
5847:
5842:
5841:
5838:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5817:
5815:
5811:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5742:
5740:
5736:
5727:
5722:
5720:
5715:
5713:
5708:
5707:
5704:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5672:
5664:
5659:
5656:
5652:
5647:
5644:
5640:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5619:E-Onkyo music
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5603:
5598:
5595:
5591:
5586:
5583:
5580:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5547:
5545:
5541:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5441:
5439:
5435:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5400:
5398:
5394:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5375:
5373:
5369:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5299:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5281:
5278:
5277:
5276:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5266:
5257:
5254:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5241:
5240:
5239:
5235:
5231:
5230:Karaoke Chart
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5220:Singles Chart
5218:
5217:
5216:
5213:
5212:
5210:
5206:
5200:
5197:
5193:
5190:
5189:
5188:
5185:
5184:
5182:
5178:
5168:
5165:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5152:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5139:
5136:
5135:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5122:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5095:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5070:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5022:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4991:Hardcore punk
4989:
4985:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4958:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4923:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4893:
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4468:
4461:
4456:
4452:
4451:
4441:
4435:
4431:
4422:
4418:
4416:4-938716-18-6
4412:
4408:
4403:
4402:
4392:
4386:
4383:. Routledge.
4382:
4381:
4375:
4371:
4365:
4361:
4360:
4354:
4350:
4349:
4343:
4342:
4325:
4320:
4313:
4308:
4301:
4296:
4290:, p. 82.
4289:
4284:
4268:
4264:
4257:
4250:
4245:
4243:
4226:
4220:
4213:
4208:
4192:
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4161:
4157:
4151:
4144:
4133:
4132:
4127:
4120:
4104:
4100:
4094:
4086:
4084:9780824896874
4080:
4076:
4072:
4071:
4063:
4055:
4051:
4050:
4045:
4038:
4030:
4024:
4023:cite magazine
4017:
4005:
4004:
3999:
3992:
3976:
3972:
3966:
3958:
3956:9783030014858
3952:
3948:
3944:
3943:
3935:
3933:
3931:
3915:
3908:
3901:
3888:
3884:
3878:
3871:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3844:
3842:
3834:
3823:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3793:
3789:
3783:
3776:
3763:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3752:"Kabuki Rock"
3746:
3744:
3742:
3725:
3721:
3720:
3715:
3709:
3702:
3690:
3686:
3685:
3680:
3674:
3667:
3656:
3655:
3650:
3643:
3636:
3624:
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3614:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3573:
3557:
3553:
3547:
3532:(in Japanese)
3531:
3527:
3520:
3504:
3498:
3482:
3476:
3460:
3454:
3438:
3432:
3416:
3410:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3382:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3352:
3336:
3330:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3300:
3284:
3280:
3273:
3257:
3253:
3246:
3230:
3226:
3219:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3161:
3145:
3137:
3122:
3118:
3110:
3094:
3090:
3082:
3067:. 3 July 2009
3066:
3062:
3056:
3040:
3036:
3029:
3013:
3009:
3002:
2987:
2983:
2976:
2970:, p. 81.
2969:
2964:
2957:
2952:
2945:
2940:
2924:
2920:
2913:
2898:
2897:
2892:
2885:
2869:
2865:
2859:
2843:
2837:
2830:
2825:
2818:
2817:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2793:
2792:Strauss, Neil
2787:
2785:
2783:
2771:
2763:
2761:9781317588191
2757:
2753:
2749:
2742:
2736:, p. 58.
2735:
2730:
2715:
2711:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2686:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2659:
2642:
2637:
2633:
2624:
2609:. 15 May 2010
2608:
2604:
2596:
2580:
2576:
2568:
2553:(in Japanese)
2552:
2551:
2546:
2540:
2524:
2523:cdjournal.com
2520:
2512:
2506:, pp. 104–105
2505:
2500:
2493:
2488:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2456:
2454:
2436:
2431:
2427:
2418:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2380:
2373:
2368:
2362:, p. 57.
2361:
2356:
2354:
2337:
2333:
2327:
2325:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2282:
2278:
2272:
2270:
2254:(in Japanese)
2253:
2252:hide-city.com
2249:
2243:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2213:
2197:
2193:
2192:
2187:
2181:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2132:
2128:
2120:
2104:
2100:
2092:
2076:
2075:
2070:
2064:
2062:
2045:
2041:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2011:, p. 78.
2010:
2005:
2003:
1986:
1980:
1973:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1938:
1931:
1927:
1925:9780811857963
1921:
1917:
1916:
1908:
1901:
1896:
1889:
1877:
1873:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1845:
1839:
1837:
1820:
1814:
1806:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1748:
1744:
1743:
1738:
1735:Koji Dejima.
1731:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1705:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1669:
1664:
1660:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1639:Japanese rock
1637:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1621:
1620:Daizystripper
1615:
1610:
1606:
1599:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1550:
1545:
1541:
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1526:
1520:
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1500:
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1471:
1467:
1463:
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1455:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1393:Rock and Read
1389:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1362:
1359:
1354:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1311:Anti Feminism
1308:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1006:
1004:
1000:
996:
990:
988:
984:
976:
972:
963:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
936:
931:
926:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
853:
851:
847:
839:
835:
831:
822:
820:
812:
811:
806:
802:
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
769:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
743:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
716:L'Arc-en-Ciel
709:
704:
695:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
672:Tokyo Yankees
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
644:
642:
638:
637:
632:
631:
626:
625:
620:
619:
614:
613:
608:
604:
603:
598:
597:
592:
588:
584:
579:
577:
576:
571:
567:
563:
559:
558:
557:Sexual XXXXX!
553:
549:
545:
541:
533:
531:
519:
515:
500:
491:
487:
471:
454:
452:
451:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
425:
420:
416:
415:hardcore punk
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
369:
364:
351:
347:
343:
342:
337:
336:
331:
321:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
280:L'Arc-en-Ciel
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
248:
246:
242:
238:
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229:
228:
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206:
195:
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88:
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83:
81:
78:
76:
73:
71:
68:
66:
63:
61:
58:
56:
53:
52:
50:
46:
42:
38:
32:
27:
22:
19:
7249:Music genres
7173:Puntala-rock
7148:Punk fashion
6923:
6919:Thrash metal
6716:Nintendocore
6571:Anarcho-punk
6267:Shred guitar
6230:Cymbal choke
6192:Viking metal
6180:Thrash metal
6170:Stoner metal
6160:Sludge metal
6125:Pirate metal
6110:Nintendocore
6068:Kawaii metal
6058:Groove metal
6043:Gothic metal
6016:Celtic metal
5979:Funeral doom
5824:
5686:Shinto music
5674:Other topics
5565:Amazon Music
5550:iTunes Store
5268:Achievements
5236:
5225:Albums Chart
5149:
5138:Akishibu-kei
5111:Kawaii metal
5072:1990–present
5047:
4925:1970–present
4901:Group Sounds
4865:1945–present
4825:Manshū-Shōka
4777:Gunkoku-kayō
4429:
4426:すべての道はV系へ通ず。
4406:
4379:
4358:
4347:
4319:
4307:
4295:
4288:Pfeifle 2013
4283:
4271:. Retrieved
4266:
4256:
4229:. Retrieved
4219:
4212:Pfeifle 2013
4207:
4197:13 September
4195:. Retrieved
4188:
4164:. Retrieved
4159:
4150:
4142:
4135:. Retrieved
4129:
4119:
4107:. Retrieved
4102:
4093:
4069:
4062:
4054:the original
4049:The Carillon
4047:
4037:
4015:
4008:. Retrieved
4001:
3991:
3979:. Retrieved
3974:
3965:
3941:
3917:. Retrieved
3907:
3898:
3891:. Retrieved
3886:
3877:
3868:
3861:. Retrieved
3857:the original
3852:
3832:
3825:. Retrieved
3821:
3811:
3803:
3796:. Retrieved
3791:
3782:
3773:
3766:. Retrieved
3762:the original
3755:
3728:. Retrieved
3724:the original
3717:
3708:
3700:
3693:. Retrieved
3689:the original
3682:
3673:
3665:
3658:. Retrieved
3652:
3642:
3634:
3627:. Retrieved
3623:the original
3616:
3588:. Retrieved
3581:
3572:
3560:. Retrieved
3555:
3546:
3534:. Retrieved
3530:gekirock.com
3529:
3519:
3507:. Retrieved
3497:
3485:. Retrieved
3475:
3463:. Retrieved
3453:
3441:. Retrieved
3431:
3419:. Retrieved
3409:
3397:. Retrieved
3390:
3381:
3369:. Retrieved
3365:the original
3361:Japan Finder
3360:
3351:
3339:. Retrieved
3329:
3317:. Retrieved
3313:the original
3308:
3299:
3287:. Retrieved
3282:
3272:
3260:. Retrieved
3255:
3245:
3233:. Retrieved
3228:
3218:
3206:. Retrieved
3202:the original
3197:
3188:
3176:. Retrieved
3170:
3160:
3148:. Retrieved
3136:
3124:. Retrieved
3109:
3097:. Retrieved
3081:
3069:. Retrieved
3055:
3043:. Retrieved
3038:
3028:
3018:29 September
3016:. Retrieved
3011:
3001:
2989:. Retrieved
2985:
2975:
2968:Pfeifle 2013
2963:
2956:Pfeifle 2013
2951:
2944:Pfeifle 2013
2939:
2927:. Retrieved
2922:
2919:"Oshare Kei"
2912:
2900:. Retrieved
2894:
2884:
2872:. Retrieved
2867:
2858:
2846:. Retrieved
2836:
2824:
2815:
2812:
2805:. Retrieved
2799:
2770:
2747:
2741:
2734:Stevens 2012
2729:
2717:. Retrieved
2684:
2677:. Retrieved
2673:the original
2668:
2658:
2646:. Retrieved
2623:
2611:. Retrieved
2595:
2583:. Retrieved
2567:
2555:. Retrieved
2548:
2539:
2527:. Retrieved
2522:
2511:
2499:
2487:
2475:. Retrieved
2471:the original
2440:. Retrieved
2417:
2405:. Retrieved
2401:the original
2390:
2379:
2367:
2360:Stevens 2012
2340:. Retrieved
2335:
2311:. Retrieved
2306:
2297:
2285:. Retrieved
2256:. Retrieved
2251:
2242:
2230:. Retrieved
2226:the original
2221:
2212:
2200:. Retrieved
2189:
2180:
2168:. Retrieved
2164:the original
2159:
2137:10 September
2135:. Retrieved
2130:
2119:
2107:. Retrieved
2102:
2091:
2079:. Retrieved
2072:
2048:. Retrieved
2043:
2009:Pfeifle 2013
1989:. Retrieved
1979:
1965:
1960:29 September
1958:. Retrieved
1954:the original
1949:
1937:
1929:
1914:
1907:
1895:
1886:
1879:. Retrieved
1875:
1848:. Retrieved
1823:. Retrieved
1813:
1790:
1784:
1753:12 September
1751:. Retrieved
1747:the original
1740:
1703:
1696:. Retrieved
1690:
1668:Pfeifle 2013
1663:
1469:
1468:(headbang),
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1440:
1433:
1414:
1405:
1401:
1391:
1387:
1381:
1377:
1371:
1367:
1365:
1328:
1327:
1303:
1291:Neil Strauss
1288:
1279:
1247:New Romantic
1216:
1205:Malice Mizer
1198:
1183:
1175:
1133:
1103:
1093:
1078:
1064:, Luna Sea,
1011:
1007:
991:
980:
927:
885:Moi dix Mois
869:D'espairsRay
854:
843:
818:
808:
797:
785:Plastic Tree
766:
762:
744:
720:Malice Mizer
713:
645:
634:
628:
622:
616:
610:
600:
594:
580:
573:
565:
561:
555:
543:
539:
536:
527:
485:
448:
422:
418:
380:
345:
339:
333:
327:
284:Malice Mizer
249:
225:
204:
190:Vijuaru kei
165:
164:
141:Other topics
129:Local scenes
41:Malice Mizer
18:
7014:Celtic punk
6982:Netherlands
6914:Speed metal
6874:Gothic rock
6848:Street punk
6811:Psychobilly
6782:Street punk
6767:Latino punk
6762:Horror punk
6686:Krishnacore
6661:Garage punk
6649:Celtic punk
6539:Garage rock
6445:Headbanging
6392:Palm Desert
6282:Death growl
6262:Power chord
6257:Palm muting
6252:Guitar solo
6165:Speed metal
6145:Power metal
6120:Pagan metal
6093:Progressive
6073:Latin metal
5996:Drone metal
5947:Death metal
5905:Black metal
5900:Biker metal
5867:Heavy metal
5738:Subcultures
5661: [
5649: [
5637: [
5600: [
5588: [
5555:Apple Music
5383:Independent
5357:Pony Canyon
5155:Eroguro kei
5133:Shibuya-kei
5119: [
5092: [
5058:Italo House
5053:Italo Disco
5019: [
4982: [
4955: [
4890: [
4878: [
4842: [
4839:Shin-min'yō
4828: [
4816: [
4804: [
4780: [
4768: [
4734: [
4722: [
4710: [
4698: [
4686: [
4649: [
4637: [
4625: [
4613: [
4596: [
4593:Saimon Ondo
4522:Instruments
4516:Traditional
3900:appearance.
3798:14 November
3590:14 December
3562:14 December
3509:26 February
2874:23 February
2648:9 September
2639: [
2636:E Plus Inc.
2613:9 September
2585:9 September
2529:7 September
2477:7 September
2442:9 September
2433: [
2407:9 September
1605:Exist Trace
1482:fan service
1474:fan fiction
1460:(arm fan),
1425:Tokio Hotel
1263:Eroguro kei
1255:psychopathy
1223:shōjo manga
1187:androgynous
1164:electronica
1156:heavy metal
1148:music genre
940:Los Angeles
861:the Gazette
857:Dir En Grey
846:live houses
793:Dir En Grey
765:(1995) and
633:(1993) and
630:Art of Life
599:(1988) and
587:Aku no Hana
445:Mötley Crüe
441:Hanoi Rocks
296:the Gazette
292:Dir En Grey
245:gothic rock
237:heavy metal
194:Bijuaru kei
123:Eroguro kei
75:gothic rock
65:heavy metal
7214:Visual kei
7208:Categories
7183:Punk films
7036:Yugoslavia
7030:California
6933:By country
6924:Visual kei
6899:Noise rock
6889:Industrial
6816:Punk blues
6799:Skate punk
6755:Thrashcore
6745:Riot grrrl
6654:Gypsy punk
6617:Dance-punk
6593:Avant-punk
6576:Crust punk
6544:Proto-punk
6532:Precursors
6247:Distortion
6225:Blast beat
6135:Post-metal
6130:Pornogrind
6033:Glam metal
6028:Funk metal
6011:Folk metal
5991:Doom metal
5974:Death-doom
5942:Crust punk
5825:Visual kei
5820:Gyaru-moji
5765:Genderless
5629:Line Music
5581:Unlimited)
5347:Being Inc.
5317:Avex Group
5249:Hot Albums
5187:Ainu music
5160:Nagoya kei
5150:Visual kei
5116:Komuro-kei
5048:Visual kei
5011:Noise rock
4969:Electropop
4947:Denpa song
4932:Anime song
4906:Image song
4871:Kayōkyoku
4765:Senji-kayō
4646:Temari Uta
4610:Warabe Uta
4460:Visual kei
4334:References
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4103:Jame World
4003:Blistering
3792:JaME World
3757:Grammy.com
3654:Noisecreep
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3465:17 October
3443:17 October
3421:17 October
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3229:JaME World
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3012:JaME World
2929:11 January
2923:JaME World
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2258:13 January
2232:3 February
2044:JaME World
1825:24 January
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1388:Shock Wave
1348:Popularity
1281:vampire).
1257:, and the
1172:industrial
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1040:, Miyavi,
995:Siam Shade
944:Tokyo Dome
935:A-Konwhere
873:Girugamesh
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834:Versailles
751:Nagoya kei
728:Penicillin
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618:Blue Blood
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530:media help
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419:Real Sound
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346:JRock News
335:Blue Blood
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7002:Trallpunk
6940:Australia
6904:Post-punk
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6821:Punk jazz
6772:Nazi punk
6750:Taqwacore
6740:Queercore
6711:Crunkcore
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6644:Anti-folk
6639:Folk punk
6549:Glam punk
6525:Punk rock
6473:Hard rock
6440:Festivals
6287:Screaming
6213:Fuzz bass
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6140:Pop metal
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5969:Deathcore
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5932:Blackgaze
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5614:Dwango.jp
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4622:Kazoe Uta
4273:20 August
4166:20 August
4109:20 August
4010:20 August
3981:2 January
3893:20 August
3827:20 August
3695:20 August
3660:20 August
3629:20 August
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3461:. CDJapan
3417:. CDJapan
3371:20 August
3341:20 August
3319:20 August
3289:20 August
3262:20 August
3235:20 August
3208:20 August
3178:20 August
3045:20 August
2991:20 August
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2807:20 August
2752:Routledge
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2313:20 August
2109:20 August
2081:20 August
2050:20 August
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5745:Bōsōzoku
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3399:16 April
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2202:30 April
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1200:onnagata
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7133:Moshing
6972:Germany
6955:Estonia
6836:Emo rap
6632:Emo rap
6612:Cowpunk
6435:Fashion
6417:Culture
6278:Vocals
6088:Melodic
5952:Melodic
5920:Unblack
5804:Sukeban
5760:Ganguro
5750:Cosplay
5634:MySound
5570:Spotify
5337:J Storm
5244:Hot 100
4996:Hip hop
4964:Electro
4796:Ryūkōka
4588:Rōkyoku
4583:Nagauta
4553:Danmono
4339:English
4190:Natalie
3730:31 July
3392:Natalie
3150:19 July
3126:19 July
3121:Natalie
3099:19 July
2170:1 March
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1458:tesensu
1361:cosplay
1358:X Japan
1315:Ryuichi
1275:kimonos
1058:Yoshiki
1022:Jupiter
923:An Cafe
911:Baroque
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773:Eroguro
668:Zi:Kill
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7138:Poseur
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6977:Greece
6967:France
6950:Canada
6945:Brazil
6884:Grunge
6794:2 Tone
6581:D-beat
6460:Umlaut
6455:Poseur
6274:Lyrics
6242:Guitar
6053:Grunge
5789:Lolita
5779:Kawaii
5774:gyaruo
5681:Awards
5646:OTOTOY
5371:Others
5215:Oricon
5208:Charts
5145:Utaite
5101:J-core
5079:Bitpop
5033:Reggae
4578:Min'yō
4568:Jōruri
4563:Gigaku
4558:Gagaku
4538:Bugaku
4436:
4413:
4387:
4366:
4137:7 June
4081:
3953:
3919:1 July
3863:7 June
3536:14 May
3093:Oricon
3065:Oricon
2758:
2679:7 June
2607:Oricon
2579:Oricon
2557:15 May
2550:Oricon
2281:Oricon
2191:Oricon
2074:Oricon
1922:
1881:7 June
1801:
1742:Bounce
1698:7 June
1585:Sugizo
1490:desire
1406:Koneko
1323:Morrie
1299:Sugizo
1295:Kirito
1271:horror
1259:occult
1251:Lolita
1177:Bounce
1170:, and
1146:, and
1070:Hizaki
1046:Diaura
1034:Dimlim
1030:lynch.
1014:Kamijo
930:Taiwan
889:Angelo
877:Miyavi
838:Rococo
781:kimono
759:Laputa
747:Nagoya
736:Shazna
732:Rouage
654:) and
636:Dahlia
397:, and
306:, and
282:, and
266:, and
227:Bounce
181:ビジュアル系
135:Nagoya
6987:Spain
6909:Scene
6879:Grebo
6425:Bands
5986:Djent
5799:Otaku
5784:Kogal
5770:Gyaru
5665:]
5653:]
5641:]
5604:]
5592:]
5579:LISMO
5575:KKBox
5437:Years
5378:Major
5123:]
5096:]
5084:Grime
5023:]
5006:Noise
5001:Metal
4986:]
4979:Disco
4959:]
4952:Disco
4911:J-pop
4894:]
4882:]
4846:]
4832:]
4820:]
4813:Shōka
4808:]
4784:]
4772:]
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4726:]
4714:]
4702:]
4690:]
4670:Post
4653:]
4641:]
4629:]
4617:]
4600:]
4573:Kouta
4543:Bushi
4428:[
3975:Barks
3556:Barks
2848:2 May
2643:]
2518:ラピュータ
2437:]
2392:Ameba
1655:Notes
1570:Vivid
1486:manga
1447:バンギャル
1402:Peach
1398:anime
1383:Shoxx
1338:J-pop
1334:'
1213:Gackt
1140:scene
1074:Gackt
840:style
814:'
805:Gackt
660:Osaka
652:Tokyo
602:Taboo
447:. In
424:yankī
403:metal
399:Color
341:Shoxx
288:Gackt
268:Color
205:v-kei
35:Fans
6208:Bass
5609:Mora
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5529:2022
5524:2021
5519:2020
5514:2019
5509:2018
5504:2017
5499:2016
5494:2015
5489:2014
5484:2013
5479:2012
5474:2011
5469:2010
5464:2009
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5454:2007
5449:1980
5444:1979
4916:Rock
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3538:2024
3511:2022
3489:2019
3467:2019
3445:2019
3423:2019
3401:2018
3373:2017
3343:2017
3321:2017
3291:2017
3264:2017
3237:2017
3210:2017
3180:2017
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3101:2015
3073:2019
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2993:2017
2931:2019
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2876:2017
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2809:2017
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2650:2018
2615:2018
2587:2018
2559:2024
2531:2018
2479:2018
2461:Shun
2444:2018
2409:2018
2344:2017
2315:2017
2289:2016
2260:2019
2234:2013
2204:2022
2172:2013
2139:2011
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1993:2021
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1827:2018
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1476:and
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1454:furi
1427:and
1373:Cure
1341:idol
1319:Hyde
1269:and
1267:BDSM
1241:and
1239:goth
1235:punk
1227:glam
1209:Mana
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1104:enka
1095:enka
1072:and
1066:Mucc
1062:Hyde
1003:Mucc
999:Aion
987:Sads
921:and
900:オサレ系
893:Skin
881:Mana
871:and
801:Kami
738:and
730:and
708:Glay
690:and
680:Glay
678:and
564:and
433:Kiss
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357:お化粧系
350:hide
276:Glay
243:and
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7070:L–Z
7065:#–K
6777:Oi!
6627:Emo
5658:AWA
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