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238:, since the Voisin brothers had decided that the aircraft they built would bear the name of their owner prominently placed on the tail surfaces, "Voisin Frères" appearing underneath in much smaller lettering. This was done because Voisin believed that people would be more ready to buy aircraft if the glory of flying them went to them rather than to the builder. This practise is a source of confusion to historians and was also to lead to considerable resentment on Gabriel Voisin's part, since the focus of attention was indeed generally on the pilots rather than on those who were responsible for the design and construction of the aircraft.
375:, and on May 30, while giving a series of demonstration flights in Italy, he succeeded in making a flight of 12.750 km (7.922 mi) lasting 15 minutes 25 seconds. This time was bettered by Farman on 6 July, when he made a flight lasting 20 min 20 sec, a new record and winning Farman a 10,000 franc prize for the first officially observed flight lasting more than fifteen minutes. At the end of May Farman had also made the first flights in Europe with a passenger, carrying Ernest Archdeacon for 1,242 metres (4,075 ft) at
273:, but the lower booms supporting the tail failed when he attempted to lift off. After repairs a second attempt was made on 16 March, but on lifting off the engine torque drove the left-hand wing onto the ground, ending the attempted flight. This problem was overcome by adding 2 kg (4.4 lb) ballast to the right wing. Thus modified, three flights, the best of 60 m (200 ft) were made by Charles Voisin on 30 March. The aircraft was then fitted with floats and a series of unsuccessful trials were made on the
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and with a new covering of "Continental" brand rubberised balloon fabric replacing the original varnished silk. On 21 March Farman set a new record with a flight of just over 2 kilometres (1.25 miles). This was bettered by
Delagrange, first with a flight of 2.5 km (1.6 mi) on 10
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On 15 October he succeeded in making a flight of around 285 m (935 ft), which would have been a world record for distance had it been officially observed and measured, and following more flights on 19 and 23 October, including an officially witnessed flight of 185 m (607 ft) which
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Later that year Farman made some modifications to the aircraft, replacing the biplane front elevator with a single surface and reducing the span of the rear horizontal surfaces. In the original tail assembly the upper surface was a lifting surface, while the lower was a non-lifting surface intended
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many times (including a flight of 24 miles (39 km) in 39 minutes 23 seconds on 5 October), they had chosen not to make public demonstrations or allow close examination of their aircraft because they feared that this might jeopardize their prospects of commercially exploiting their discoveries.
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of half the span of the mainplanes with three vertical surfaces each carrying a trailing-edge rudder was carried on booms behind the wings. The undercarriage consisted of a pair of wheels on v-struts under the trailing edge of the wings and small wheels mounted at the ends of the lower tailbooms.
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for a flight of over 150 metres, he set a new official world record for distance with a flight of 771 m (2,530 ft). This flight won prizes awarded by the AeCF for flights of over 300 and 500 metres and also gained the
Archdeacon Cup for the greatest distance flown.
203:, the partnership was dissolved in November 1906. After parting from Blériot, Gabriel Voisin set up his own aircraft construction company, Les Frères Voisin, in partnership with his brother Charles. The first powered aircraft designed by the Voisin brothers was built for
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near
Melbourne in March 1910. Although claimed to be the first flights made in Australia, some short flights had been made by Colin Defries in December 1909, but Houdini's flights are credited with being the first sustained and controlled flights made in Australia.
422:. The aircraft sold to Moore-Brabazon, which was to become typical of the production version of the aircraft, differed from the Farman I in having the gap between the wings increased to 2 m (6 ft 7 in), and was powered by a 37 kW (50 hp)
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to give lateral stability and allow some roll control despite the lack of ailerons or wing warping. Further flights were made in
November, in which he made his first turns, and on 13 January 1908 he won the 50,000 francs Deutsch de la Meurthe-Archdeacon
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to make the first heavier-than-air flight lasting more than a minute in Europe, and also to make the first full circle. The first examples of the aircraft were known by the name of their owners, for instance the
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that were to become characteristic of subsequent production aircraft were added to both aircraft by the end of
September. By 30 October, when Farman made a 27 km (17 mi) flight from
139:. Farman made many modifications to his aircraft, and these were incorporated into later production aircraft built by Voisin. The type enjoyed widespread success, and around sixty were built.
211:'s nephew. It was completed in March 1907 but never flew. Kapferer had insisted on a Buchet gasoline engine which developed only 20 horsepower, which was inadequate to achieve flight.
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on 2 November 1907, but on 6 November another flight ended in a crash in which the aircraft was damaged beyond repair. Delagrange promptly ordered a second aircraft, later called the
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for being the first aviator to complete an officially observed 1 kilometre closed circuit flight, including taking off and landing under the aircraft's own power.
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Between 1904 and 1908 there was fierce competition between
European aviation experimenters attempting to achieve powered heavier-than-air flight. Although the
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to make controlled turns was not appreciated by
European experimenters, who concentrated on attempting to produce inherently stable and practical aircraft.
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Farman finally ended his collaboration with Voisin Frères after a disagreement over an aircraft they had built to his specifications and then sold to
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April and the next day with a flight of 3.925 km (2.439 mi). In May both aircraft were fitted with side curtains between the inner set of
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The Wright brothers were the first to understand the necessity for coordinated yaw and roll control in order to make fully controlled turns
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Around sixty were eventually built, with a variety of engines according to the wishes of the buyer. Among these were the aircraft in which
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There was no provision for direct lateral control. Before Wilbur Wright's flying demonstrations in France August 1908 the importance of
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two-bay biplane with a wingspan of 10 m (33 ft). A biplane elevator was carried in front of the wings on the end of a short
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605:" The Voisin's undercarriage supported, never modified, three hundred landings inflicted by H. Farman ", in l'Aérophile 1908 feb.p.39
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had been added to his aircraft. Farman's last modification was to fit a third, shorter wing, in which form it became known as the
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made what is possibly the first manned, heavier-than-air powered flight in Africa by taking off from the Nahoon
Racecourse
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water-cooled V-8 engine. Although it had the side curtains that had been added to the Farman I it did not have ailerons.
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in
January 1909 to make one of the first public demonstrations of heavier-than-air flight in Germany, organised by the
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were building a similar aircraft, which had been ordered by the sculptor Léon
Delagrange. This became known as the
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As a result, many people did not believe the claims of the Wright Brothers until Wilbur Wright's demonstrations at
1286:
Gabriel Voisin, "Henry Farman" in "Pionniers", Revue Aeronautique des Vieilles Tiges, No 7, page 13, January 1966.
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In March 1908 a period of intense competition between Farman and Delagrange began, Delagrange now flying the new
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took two examples to Argentina and made the first aeroplane flight in Argentina on 6 February 1910.
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in their Voisin aircraft put the Voisin brothers at the forefront of European aviation development.
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Henri Farman winning the Archdeacon Prize for the first closed-circuit kilometre flight in Europe
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in France during August 1908, when their advance in airplane control was obviously apparent.
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The first attempt to fly the aircraft was made by Gabriel Voisin on 28 February 1907 at the
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1022:"1910 to 1920 - Early Flying in South Africa | South African Power Flying Association"
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A second machine, identical apart from slight changes to the undercarriage, was ordered by
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Born in France to British father, Henri (or Henry) Farman took French nationality in 1937
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incorporating the modifications that had been made to Farman's aircraft, now renamed the
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had made Europe's first officially recognised heavier-than-air powered flights using his
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with his gliding experiments in 1904 Gabriel Voisin briefly entered a partnership with
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had first flown a powered aircraft in 1903, and by the end of 1905 had flown their
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of aircraft labeled "Henri Farman No. 1", at Issy-les-Moulineaux, France, in 1908.
658:""Voisin-Farman I." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007. Encyclopædia Britannica Online"
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to act as a stabiliser: in the new arrangement both surfaces contributed lift.
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flying a Voisin biplane with a dog, Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum
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was one of the first to buy a Voisin aircraft, which he took to
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The distinctive 'side curtains' between the outer two sets of
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312:(as painted on the vertical tail), this became known as the
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At the same time, the Voisin brothers and their draughtsman
483:, who took it to Australia and made a series of flights at
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568:— Houdini's flight at Diggers Rest, Friday, 18 March 1910.
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in 1905. After the failure of their second aircraft, the
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in July 1907 and first flew on 30 September 1907. Named
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1 × Antoinette V8 water-cooled, 37 kW (50 hp)
394:, the first cross country flight in aviation history,
1097:. Australian National Aviation Museum. Archived from
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https://www.hydroretro.net/etudegh/premiersfarman.pdf
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472:, which was the first aircraft to fly powered by a
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2020:
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1220:Contact! : the story of the early aviators
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928:The roll is induced by yaw as in 2 axis control
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175:. The successful flights made in 1907–1908 by
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1037:1910 to 1920 - Early Flying in South Africa
803:"Nouveaux Essais de l'Aéroplane Delagrange"
763:"Nouveaux Essais de l'Aéroplane Delagrange"
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1276:, 1960, Editions de la Table Ronde, Paris.
171:aircraft, witnessed by officials from the
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1223:. Mineola, N.Y.: Dover. pp. 39–53.
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355:Farman and Archdeacon at Ghent, May 1908
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1303:Photo of 1907 biplane in Argentina (es)
1238:Vivian, E. C.; Lockwood, W. L. (1921).
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1212:. London: Studio Editions. p. 884.
881:"Henri Farman Vole Près d'un Kilomètre"
861:"Henri Farman Vole Près d'un Kilomètre"
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1177:French Aeroplanes Before the Great War
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723:. : Kessinger Pub. pp. 109–111.
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953:"Un Quart d'Heure de Vol Méchanique"
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468:was killed and the example flown by
126:. It was used by the French aviator
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1001:(in French): 458. 15 November 1908.
525:10.80 m (35 ft 5 in)
519:13.45 m (44 ft 2 in)
13:
2034:1900s French experimental aircraft
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1195:Biplanes, Triplanes, and Seaplanes
981:(in French): 402. 15 October 1908.
334:The wings had been re-rigged with
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455:in a Voisin on 28 December 1909.
1129:The Rebirth of European Aviation
840:(in French): 319. November 1907.
479:. Another example was bought by
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1217:Villard, Henry Serrano (2002).
1210:Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation
1197:London: Friedman/Fairfax Books
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973:"Splendids Vols d'Henri Farman"
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889:(in French): 288. October 1907.
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869:(in French): 287. October 1907.
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531:42 m (450 sq ft)
115:Jane's All the World's Aircraft
2039:Single-engined pusher aircraft
993:"Les Merveilles de l'Aviation"
961:(in French): 218. 1 July 1908.
918:(in French): 39. January 1908.
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1075:"Houdini Flying in Australia"
942:Gibbs-Smith (1974), pp. 254-5
821:Gibbs-Smith (1974), pp. 237-8
811:(in French): 105. April 1907.
771:(in French): 104. April 1907.
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414:, who named the aircraft the
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2054:Aircraft first flown in 1907
1244:. London: Collins. pp.
791:(in French): 64. March 1907.
7:
1268:Men, Women and 10,000 Kites
1095:"First to Fly in Australia"
717:Vivian, E. Charles (2004).
559:
543:550 kg (1,213 lb)
241:Powered by a 50 hp V8
209:Henri Deutsch de la Meurthe
10:
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899:Gibbs-Smith (1974), p. 253
850:Gibbs-Smith (1974), p. 244
566:Harry Houdini: The Aviator
300:(left) with Gabriel Voisin
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537:320 kg (705 lb)
35:
26:
21:
1274:Mes 10,000 Cerfs-volants
1208:Taylor M. J. H. (1989).
1179:. Atglen, PA: Schiffer.
832:"L'Aéroplane Delagrange"
783:"L'Aéroplane Delagrange"
720:A history of aeronautics
637:All the World's Aircraft
574:
341:Grand Prix de l'Aviation
1193:Sharpe, Michael (2000)
1049:"Biography Henri Bregi"
504:General characteristics
438:Berliner Lokal Anzeiger
112:by the 1913 edition of
1241:History of Aeronautics
625:Opdycke (1999), p. 265
356:
323:won an award from the
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187:Design and development
1501:Farman Aviation Works
1083:: 332. 30 April 1910.
1011:Villard (2002), p. 43
698:Villard (2002), p. 37
400:Henry Farman Triplane
354:
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165:Alberto Santos-Dumont
44:Experimental aircraft
16:1900s French aircraft
910:"L'Aéroplane Farman"
752:Opdycke (1999) p.263
743:Voisin (1963) p. 166
689:Sharpe (2000) p. 311
677:Les premiers Farman
499:Opdycke (1999) p.264
271:Polygon de Vincennes
247:pusher configuration
22:Voisin 1907 biplane
1157:. New York: O.U.P.
1147:Hallion, Richard P.
412:John Moore-Brabazon
406:Production aircraft
347:Development in 1908
325:Aero Club de France
279:Issy les Moulineaux
173:Aero Club de France
106:1907 Voisin biplane
1579:F.50 (Flying Boat)
1101:on 27 January 2014
361:Delagrange II
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289:Farman's successes
283:Delagrange II
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2016:
2015:
1933:Icare Aero-Yacht
1872:
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1270:. London: Putnam.
1125:Gibbs-Smith, C.H.
707:Opdycke 1999 p.46
445:Albert Kimmerling
384:interplane struts
373:interplane struts
316:, or, later, the
245:engine, it was a
193:Ernest Archdeacon
133:Delagrange I
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492:Specifications
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466:Captain Ferber
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257:-like biplane
224:Edmond Poillot
216:
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205:Henry Kapferer
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124:Gabriel Voisin
110:Voisin II
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1255:9780585007847
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1230:0-486-42327-1
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1203:1-58663-300-7
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1186:0-7643-0752-5
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1164:0-19-516035-5
1160:
1155:
1154:
1153:Taking Flight
1148:
1144:
1140:
1138:0-11-290180-8
1134:
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1028:on 2015-08-20
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730:1-4191-0156-0
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541:Gross weight:
539:
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535:Empty weight:
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518:
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512:
509:
508:
507:
505:
500:
498:
489:
486:
482:
481:Harry Houdini
478:
477:rotary engine
475:
471:
470:Louis Paulhan
467:
462:
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456:
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450:
446:
441:
439:
435:
431:
430:Armand Zipfel
427:
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369:
368:
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353:
344:
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320:
319:
318:Farman I
315:
314:Voisin-Farman
311:
307:
299:
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286:
284:
280:
276:
275:Lac d'Enghien
272:
267:
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260:
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244:
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237:
233:
225:
221:
215:Early flights
212:
210:
206:
202:
198:
197:Louis Blériot
194:
184:
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178:
174:
170:
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161:
159:
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140:
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134:
129:
125:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
97:
92:
91:
88:
84:
82:First flight
81:
80:
77:
74:
71:
70:
67:
66:Frères Voisin
64:
62:Manufacturer
61:
60:
56:
51:
50:
43:
40:
39:
34:
30:
25:
20:
1918:1907 biplane
1917:
1709:F.200 (1923)
1644:F.121 Jabiru
1604:F.63 Goliath
1599:F.60 Goliath
1508:
1348:Henri Farman
1273:
1267:
1240:
1219:
1209:
1194:
1176:
1152:
1128:
1118:Bibliography
1103:. Retrieved
1099:the original
1089:
1078:
1069:
1059:30 September
1057:. Retrieved
1052:
1042:
1030:. Retrieved
1026:the original
1016:
1007:
996:
987:
976:
967:
956:
947:
924:
913:
904:
895:
884:
875:
864:
855:
846:
835:
826:
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806:
797:
786:
777:
766:
757:
748:
739:
719:
712:
703:
694:
685:
673:
661:. Retrieved
636:
630:
621:
601:
592:
583:
571:
552:
546:
540:
534:
528:
522:
516:
510:
503:
501:
496:
495:
485:Diggers Rest
463:
457:
453:South Africa
442:
437:
428:
415:
409:
399:
381:
366:
365:Farman
364:
360:
358:
340:
330:
321:
317:
313:
309:
306:Henry Farman
303:
298:Henry Farman
282:
268:
264:roll control
240:
236:Delagrange I
235:
229:
190:
181:Henri Farman
162:
146:
136:
132:
128:Henri Farman
113:
109:
105:
103:
94:Number built
1609:FF.65 Sport
1173:Opdycke, L.
998:L'Aérophile
978:L'Aérophile
958:L'Aérophile
915:L'Aérophile
886:L'Aérophile
866:L'Aérophile
837:L'Aérophile
808:L'Aérophile
788:L'Aérophile
768:L'Aérophile
553:Propellers:
547:Powerplant:
474:Gnome Omega
459:Henri Brégi
449:East London
2023:Categories
1105:28 January
1032:2015-06-18
663:6 December
613:References
529:Wing area:
420:Farman III
243:Antoinette
201:Bleriot IV
143:Background
1614:Moustique
523:Wingspan:
497:Data from
259:empennage
153:Flyer III
135:, or the
85:30 March
72:Designer
2044:Biplanes
1908:aircraft
1341:aircraft
1266:(1963).
1175:(1999).
1149:(2003).
1127:(1974).
560:See also
396:ailerons
336:dihedral
163:In 1906
1297:Footage
517:Length:
255:boxkite
251:nacelle
158:Le Mans
118:), was
57:France
1938:Canard
1906:Voisin
1864:F.1020
1859:F.1010
1854:F.1000
1446:HF.206
1339:Farman
1252:
1227:
1201:
1183:
1161:
1135:
1080:Flight
727:
434:Berlin
424:E.N.V.
253:and a
169:14-bis
120:Europe
1849:F.520
1844:F.510
1839:F.500
1834:F.480
1829:F.470
1824:F.460
1819:F.455
1814:F.450
1809:F.430
1804:F.420
1799:F.410
1794:F.400
1789:F.390
1784:F.380
1779:F.370
1774:F.360
1769:F.350
1764:F.310
1759:F.300
1754:F.290
1749:F.280
1744:F.270
1739:F.250
1734:F.230
1729:F.220
1724:F.211
1719:F.209
1714:F.200
1704:F.190
1699:F.180
1694:F.170
1689:F.169
1684:F.168
1679:F.167
1674:F.166
1669:F.162
1664:F.160
1659:F.150
1654:F.140
1649:F.130
1639:F.120
1634:F.110
1489:MF.16
1484:MF.11
1441:HF.36
1436:HF.35
1431:HF.33
1426:HF.31
1421:HF.30
1416:HF.27
1411:HF.26
1406:HF.24
1401:HF.23
1396:HF.22
1391:HF.21
1386:HF.20
1381:HF.19
1376:HF.16
1371:HF.14
1366:HF.10
1248:–14.
634:Jane
575:Notes
511:Crew:
392:Reims
377:Ghent
41:Role
1988:VIII
1629:F.80
1624:F.73
1619:F.70
1594:F.60
1589:F.56
1584:F.51
1569:F.41
1564:F.40
1559:F.31
1554:F.30
1549:F.21
1544:F.4X
1539:F.3X
1534:BN.4
1479:MF.9
1474:MF.8
1469:MF.7
1464:MF.6
1361:HF.7
1356:HF.6
1250:ISBN
1225:ISBN
1199:ISBN
1181:ISBN
1159:ISBN
1133:ISBN
1107:2014
1061:2016
725:ISBN
665:2007
388:Bouy
367:Ibis
179:and
104:The
98:~60
87:1907
2008:XII
1983:VII
1948:III
1529:B.2
1524:A.2
1519:III
1246:313
390:to
2025::
2003:XI
1993:IX
1963:VI
1953:IV
1514:II
1077:.
1051:.
995:.
975:.
955:.
933:^
912:.
883:.
863:.
834:.
805:.
785:.
765:.
645:^
451:,
440:.
402:.
379:.
285:.
207:,
1998:X
1978:O
1973:M
1958:V
1898:e
1891:t
1884:v
1509:I
1331:e
1324:t
1317:v
1258:.
1233:.
1189:.
1167:.
1141:.
1109:.
1063:.
1035:.
733:.
667:.
513:1
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