799:
259:
47:
561:
1157:
244:. Together, the two prose cycles with their abundance of characters and stories represent a major source of the legend of Arthur as they constituted the most widespread form of Arthurian literature of the late medieval period, during which they were both translated into multiple European languages and rewritten into alternative variants, including having been partially turned into verse. They also inspired various later works of Arthurian romance, eventually contributing the most to the compilation
458:
1200:, contains over 100 miniatures with gilding throughout and decorated borders at the beginning of each section. Other manuscripts were made for less wealthy owners and contain very little or no decoration, for example British Library MS Royal 19 B VII, produced in England, also in the early 14th century, with initials in red and blue marking sections in the text and larger decorated initials at chapter-breaks. One notable manuscript is known as the
1070:, the perfect holy knight who here replaces both Lancelot and Perceval as the chosen hero. Their interlacing adventures are purported to be narrated by Bors, the witness of these events after the deaths of Galahad and Perceval. It is the most innovative part of the cycle as it was not derived from any known earlier stories, including the creation of the character of Galahad as a major new Arthurian hero.
229:. The chief of them is the famed Lancelot, whose chivalric tale is centered around his illicit romance with Arthur's wife, Queen Guinevere. However, the cycle also tells of adventures of a more spiritual type. Most prominently, they involve the Holy Grail, the vessel that contained the blood of Christ, which is searched for by many members of the Round Table until Lancelot's son
346:, including the grand Grail Quest, as relayed to them by the eyewitnesses of the events beings told in the story. It is uncertain whether the medieval readers actually believed in the truthfulness of the centuries-old "chronicle" characterisation or if they recognised it as a contemporary work of creative fiction.
1423:
H. Oskar Sommer published the entire original French text of the
Vulgate Cycle in seven volumes in the years 1908–1916. Sommer's has been the only complete cycle published as of 2004. The base text used was the British Library Add MS 10292–10294. It is however not a critical edition, but a composite
1209:
However, very few copies of the entire
Lancelot-Grail Cycle survive. Perhaps because it was so vast, copies were made of parts of the legend which may have suited the tastes of certain patrons, with popular combinations containing only the tales of either Merlin or Lancelot. For instance, British
1171:
As the stories of the cycle were immensely popular in medieval France and neighboring countries between the beginning of the 13th and the beginning of the 16th century, they survived in some two hundred manuscripts in various forms (not counting printed books since the late 15th century, starting
395:
The cycle's actual authorship is unknown, but most scholars today believe it was written by multiple authors. There might have been either a single master-mind planner, the so-called "architect" (as first called so by Jean
Frappier, who compared the process to building a cathedral), who may have
1195:
Numerous copies were produced in French throughout the remainder of the 13th, 14th and well into the 15th centuries in France, England and Italy, as well as translations into other
European languages. Some of the manuscripts are richly illuminated: British Library Royal MS 14 E III, produced in
767:), as named by H. Oskar Sommer. It was published by Sommer as a supplement to his edition of the Vulgate Cycle, but Carol Dover classified it as actually belonging to the Post-Vulgate Cycle. Conversely, Fanni Bogdanow and Richard Trachsler considered it a text continued from the Vulgate
214:, previously unrelated to each other, by supplementing them with additional details and side stories, as well as lengthy continuations, while tying the entire narrative together into a coherent single tale. Its alternate titles include Philippe Walter's 21st-century edition
325:
in the early years of Arthur's reign. Next, following the demise of Merlin, there are more supposed original (fictitious) authors of the later parts of the cycle, the following list using one of their multiple spelling variants: Arodiens de
Cologne (Arodian of
1005:
linking the previous ones. It was perhaps originally an independent romance that would begin with
Lancelot's birth and finish with a happy ending for him, discovering his true identity and receiving a kiss from Guinevere when he confesses his love for her.
533:
The cycle has a narrative structure close to that of a modern novel in which multiple overlapping events featuring different characters may simultaneously develop in parallel and intertwine with each other through the technique known as interlace (French:
1144:. In a new motif, the ruin of Arthur's kingdom is presented as the disastrous direct consequence of the sin of Lancelot's and Guinevere's adulterous affair. Lancelot eventually dies too, as do the other protagonists who did not die in the
783:
in addition to the
Vulgate and Post-Vulgate versions. Contrary to the title given to the work by Sommer, its principal hero is Gawain. It incorporates elements of some Arthurian romances written after the Vulgate Cycle had been
404:, who would have set up the project already in 1194. Alternately, each part may have been composed separately, arranged gradually, and rewritten for consistency and cohesiveness. Regarding the question of the author of the
1018:. It is about three times shorter than the later editions and notably the Grail Quest (usually taking place later) is mentioned within the text as already having been completed by Perceval alone.
2528:
604:
315:
1241:, and consequently most of Lancelot and Guinevere's content, instead focusing on the Grail Quest. It also borrows characters and episodes from the first version of the
1210:
Library Royal 14 E III contains the sections which deal with the Grail and religious themes, omitting the middle section, which relates
Lancelot's chivalric exploits.
1180:
Add MS 10292–10294, containing the entire cycle. Besides the
British Library, scans of various manuscripts can be seen online through digital library websites of the
1176:
in 1488). The
Lancelot-Graal Project website lists (and links to the scans of many of them) close to 150 manuscripts in French, some fragmentary, others, such as
1192:'s Digital Bodleian; many illustrations can also be found at the IRHT's Initiale project. The earliest copies are of French origin and date from 1220 to 1230.
392:
redaction). Map's connection has been discounted by modern scholarship, however, as he died too early to be the author and the work is distinctly continental.
233:
ultimately emerges as the winner of this sacred journey. Other major plotlines include the accounts of the life of Merlin and of the rise and fall of Arthur.
1229:
The Vulgate Cycle was soon afterwards subject to a major revision during the 1230s, in which much was left out and much added. In the resulting far-shorter
516:
are 'so divergent as to leave no doubt that they are the work of different authors'. The story of Lancelot was actually the first to be written (beginning
3249:
798:
3499:. Lancelot-Grail: The Old French Arthurian Vulgate and Post-Vulgate in Translation. Vol. 1. Translated by Chase, Carol J. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
730:'s early deeds in which they are being aided by Merlin, in particular in their early wars of internal struggles for power and against foreign enemies (
364:) is attributed to be the editing author, as can be seen in the notes and illustrations in some manuscripts describing his discovery in an archive at
437:
intrusions). Others doubt this, however, and a compromise theory postulates a more secular writer who had spent some time in a Cistercian monastery.
1121:
258:
645:, concerns Merlin's complicated conception and childhood and the early life of Arthur, which Merlin has influence over. It is a redaction of the
3538:
The Middle Dutch Prose Lancelot: A Study of the Rotterdam Fragments and Their Place in the French, German, and Dutch Lancelot en Prose Tradition
46:
847:
during the later years of King Arthur's reign up until the appearance of Galahad and the start of the Grail Quest. The separate parts of the
3195:
3380:
1404:, and elsewhere. Some episodes from the Vulgate Cycle have been adapted into the Third and Fourth Continuations of Chrétien's unfinished
445:
as unconventional and complex but subtle, noting its success in appealing to the courtly audience accustomed to more secular romances.
810:
2660:
3664:
738:), ending in Arthur's marriage with Guinevere and the restoration of peace, as well as the disappearance of Merlin caused by the
3699:
914:
3413:
3364:
2644:
2589:
2073:
2037:
2010:
1998:
1937:
1923:
1900:
1870:
1859:
1849:
1838:
1827:
1816:
425:
part (where, according to Fanni Bogdanow, the text's main purpose is to convince sinners to repent), as evident by its very
543:
2013:) in 2012, both based on MS Yale 229 and edited by Elizabeth M. Willingham with annotations in English, under the series
1181:
1062:, another highly religious part of the cycle. It relates how the Grail Quest is undertaken by various knights including
912:, is the longest part, making up fully half of the entire cycle. It is inspired by and in part based on Chrétien's poem
560:
274:
400:), and then overseen the work of multiple other anonymous scribes. One theory identified the initiator as French queen
320:
3679:
3669:
3567:
3546:
3525:
3504:
3483:
3340:
3072:
3046:
2974:
2915:
2840:
2813:
2759:
2554:
2378:
2341:
2302:
2259:
2208:
2181:
1796:
1777:
1762:
1747:
1732:
1717:
1702:
1687:
1672:
1657:
1646:
1629:
1600:
1578:
1563:
1548:
1529:
1518:
2278:, vol. 19, Boydell & Brewer, Woodbridge, Suffolk; Rochester, NY, 2003, pp. 117–134. JSTOR. Accessed 1 Aug. 2020.
2802:
Lacy, Norris J.; Ashe, Geoffrey; Ihle, Sandra Ness; Kalinke, Marianne E.; Thompson, Raymond H. (5 September 2013).
1406:
609:
962:(" Cart"), an incorporation of a prose rendition of Chrétien's poem, spans only a small part of the Vulgate text.
2092:
An Arthurian Triangle: A Study of the Origin, Development, and Characterization of Arthur, Guinevere, and Modred
1185:
225:. One of the main characters is Arthur himself, around whom gravitates a host of other heroes, many of whom are
3689:
2786:
2525:
2100:
3267:
Gaggero, Massimiliano (2013). "Verse and Prose in the Continuations of Chrétien de Troyes' "Conte du Graal"".
646:
295:
17:
1390:
The cycle's elements and characters have been also incorporated into various other works in France, such as
221:
There is no unity of place within the narrative, but most of the episodes take place in Arthur's kingdom of
3694:
186:. The work of unknown authorship, presenting itself as a chronicle of actual events, retells the legend of
2441:
Norris, Ralph (2009). "Sir Thomas Malory and "The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnell" Reconsidered".
1424:
text, where variant readings from alternate manuscripts are unreliably demarcated using square brackets.
504:(the latter possibly initially standalone in the original so-called "short version"). In particular, the
3100:
2486:"Augustinian Intrusions in the "Queste del Saint Graal": Converting 'Pagan Gold' to Christian Currency"
844:
343:
226:
3588:
3176:
417:
1330:
1116:
killing each other in a near-complete rewrite of the Arthurian chronicle tradition from the works of
469:
2608:
1264:(1240) itself partially incorporated the Vulgate Cycle by copying parts of it. Along with the Prose
342:). These characters are described as the scribes in service of Arthur who recorded the deeds of the
1310:
421:) that a group of anonymous French Catholic monks wrote the cycle – or at least the
2118:"The Matter of Pseudo-History: Textuality, Aurality, and Visuality in the Arthurian Vulgate Cycle"
2040:). It contains many footnotes explaining its connections with other works of Arthurian literature.
1410:. Other legacy can be found in the many so-called "pseudo-Arthurian" works in Spain and Portugal.
3684:
3328:
2897:
2871:
1120:
and his redactors. It is also connected with the so-called "Mort Artu" epilogue section of the
3583:
3062:
2964:
2830:
2803:
2749:
2721:
2331:
2249:
2198:
2171:
2090:
3036:
2925:
2776:
2292:
2063:
1282:
595:
1498:
The first full English translations of the Vulgate and Post-Vulgate cycles were overseen by
1015:
492:
may be divided into three main branches, although more usually into five, with the romances
211:
72:
3659:
3654:
3649:
1367:
1274:
1268:, both the Post-Vulgate and the Vulgate original were among the most important sources for
1189:
1129:
1117:
735:
652:, itself a conversion of Robert de Boron's poem by the same title. It can be divided into:
602:. Set several centuries prior to the main story, it is derived from Robert de Boron's poem
401:
270:
246:
750:
372:, supposedly dating from the times of Arthur, and his translation of these documents from
8:
3674:
1400:
1202:
1197:
591:
430:
381:
266:
3634:
3625:
3617:
3064:
The Arthur of the French: The Arthurian Legend in Medieval French and Occitan Literature
2751:
The Arthur of the French: The Arthurian Legend in Medieval French and Occitan Literature
1237:, Lancelot is no longer the central character. The Post-Vulgate omits almost all of the
3609:
3450:
3292:
3284:
2921:
2560:
2507:
2466:
2458:
2137:
1346:
1230:
1224:
1156:
776:
754:
241:
3621:
3613:
3605:
1799:: Chapter Summaries for the Vulgate and Post-Vulgate Cycles and Index of Proper Names.
250:
that formed the basis for a modern canon of Arthuriana that is still prevalent today.
56:
3589:
British Library Virtual Exhibition of Arthurian Manuscripts: The Prose Lancelot-Grail
3563:
3542:
3521:
3500:
3479:
3454:
3409:
3360:
3336:
3296:
3125:
3068:
3042:
2970:
2911:
2836:
2809:
2782:
2755:
2640:
2585:
2564:
2550:
2470:
2337:
2298:
2255:
2204:
2177:
2141:
2096:
2069:
2033:
2006:
1994:
1933:
1919:
1896:
1866:
1855:
1845:
1834:
1823:
1812:
1792:
1773:
1758:
1743:
1728:
1713:
1698:
1683:
1668:
1653:
1642:
1625:
1596:
1574:
1559:
1544:
1525:
1514:
179:
129:
115:
1163:
helping his lion fight a dragon in a 14th-century Italian illumination (BNF fr. 343
1112:, a tragic account of further wars culminating in the king and his illegitimate son
3593:
3442:
3276:
2903:
2497:
2450:
2374:
2129:
1964:
739:
547:
168:
3196:"Details of an item from the British Library Catalogue of Illuminated Manuscripts"
2907:
1134:, a text uncertainly attributed to Robert de Boron, and which itself was based on
771:
that would be followed by a hypothetical similarly revised variant of the Vulgate
3557:
3536:
3515:
3494:
3473:
2634:
2579:
2532:
2416:
2025:
1177:
1007:
943:
802:
290:
207:
68:
1806:
Lancelot–Grail: The Old French Arthurian Vulgate and Post-Vulgate in Translation
1636:
Lancelot–Grail: The Old French Arthurian Vulgate and Post-Vulgate in Translation
1508:
Lancelot–Grail: The Old French Arthurian Vulgate and Post-Vulgate in Translation
468: with: more detailed synopsis for each branch of the cycle. You can help by
1499:
1338:
1301:
438:
389:
171:
164:
2832:
Codex and Context: Reading Old French Verse Narrative in Manuscript, Volume II
1622:
The Lancelot-Grail Reader: Selections from the Medieval French Arthurian Cycle
3643:
1269:
1242:
1140:
409:
335:
144:
3250:"Lancelot of the Laik: Introduction | Robbins Library Digital Projects"
2723:
The Evolution of Arthurian Romance from the Beginnings Down to the Year 1300
1928:
Lancelot De La Marche de Gaule à La Première Partie de la quête de Lancelot.
1300:, a romance love poem with political messages. In the 15th-century England,
927:
434:
3446:
3381:"The Quest of the Holy Grail by Anonymous | PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books"
3280:
2502:
2485:
2133:
1975:
in 1969. It was followed in 1971 with a translation by James Cable of the
3602:
The legend of King Arthur on the Bibliothèque Nationale de France website
3408:. Translated by Cable, James. Penguin Random House UK. 30 January 1975 .
426:
282:
187:
3288:
2511:
2462:
726:. Drawing from a variety of other sources, it adds more of Arthur's and
457:
412:
suggested an anonymous clerical court clerk of aristocratic background.
2661:"Lancelot-Grail Cycle - Medieval Studies - Oxford Bibliographies - obo"
2454:
947:
377:
350:
286:
262:
199:
183:
160:
155:, "common version", a modern title invented by H. Oskar Sommer) or the
94:
84:
3430:
3101:"Lancelot-Grail Manuscripts- Chronology and Geographical Distribution"
2117:
843:), follows the adventures of the eponymous hero as well as many other
938:, interlaced with the adventures of Gawain and other knights such as
931:
599:
365:
195:
119:
3601:
306:), the cycle states that its first parts have been derived from the
1884:
A modern French translation of the Vulgate Cycle in three volumes:
1063:
998:
958:
is regarded as having been written first in the cycle. The actual
935:
923:
331:
191:
523:). The stories of Joseph and Merlin joined the cycle late (before
310:("The Book of the Grail") that is described as a text dictated by
2545:
Barber, Richard (2003). "Chivalry, Cistercianism and the Grail".
2333:
The Redemption of Chivalry: A Study of the Queste Del Saint Graal
1986:
1967:
published a translation into English by Pauline Matarasso of the
1249:
1196:
Northern France in the early 14th century and once owned by King
1113:
1067:
369:
339:
327:
230:
3559:
Old French Narrative Cycles: Heroism Between Ethics and Morality
3151:
1487:
Volume 8 of 8 (1916): Index of names and places to volumes I-VII
3475:
The Interlace Structure of the Third Part of the Prose Lancelot
2966:
The Legacy of Chrétien de Troyes: Chrétien et ses contemporains
1371:(1320) added an original romance to a translation of the Prose
731:
727:
385:
311:
281:
The Vulgate Cycle emphasizes Christian themes in the legend of
222:
203:
2899:
Three Chapters on Courtly Love in Arthurian France and Germany
1292:. In the 15th-century Scotland, the first part of the Vulgate
1160:
939:
373:
175:
1278:(1470), which has become a template for many modern works.
1135:
951:
3584:
The Lancelot-Grail Project by the University of Pittsburgh
3431:"The Quest of the Holy Grail ed. by Judith Shoaf (review)"
2020:
Judith Shoaf's modern English translation of the Vulgate
1337:, preserved over 100 years later in the "Mörlin" part of
384:(the location was changed from Salisbury to the mystical
3206:
3004:
2701:
2276:
Arthurian Literature XIX: Comedy in Arthurian Literature
749:, found in a single massive yet fragmentary manuscript (
3230:
3126:"BnF - La légende du roi Arthur: Manuscrits numérisées"
1361:(1261), as did the Italian writer Paolino Pieri in the
779:
wrote about it as a third different sequel to Robert's
757:) and possibly even the late 13th century, is known as
742:. It is roughly four times longer than the first part.
2992:
2963:
Lacy, Norris J.; Kelly, Douglas; Busby, Keith (1987).
2944:
2483:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2217:
1148:, leaving only Bors as a survivor of the Round Table.
805:'s illustrations for the 15th-century Italian version
240:
was soon followed by its major reworking known as the
3635:
Bibliography on the Archives de Littérature Médiévale
3266:
3016:
415:
Today it is believed by some (such as editors of the
3594:
An Explanation Of The Vulgate Cycle - Timeless Myths
3081:
2902:. Vol. 17. University of North Carolina Press.
2691:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2683:
2681:
2371:
A Study of the Pseudo-Map Cycle of Arthurian Romance
2311:
2229:
1272:'s seminal English compilation of Arthurian legend,
965:
Due to its length, modern scholars often divide the
859:
trilogy differ greatly in tone, the first (composed
273:
in a 14th-century manuscript of the Lancelot-Grail (
2801:
2730:
2581:
The Oxford Guide to Arthurian Literature and Legend
2387:
2148:
1942:
Lancelot: La Seconde Partie de la quĂŞte de Lancelot
1413:
922:). It primarily deals with a series of episodes of
3218:
2609:"The Story: Outline of the Lancelot-Grail Romance"
538:). Narrative interlacing is most prominent in the
448:
2932:
2849:
2678:
1288:is a compressed verse translation of the Vulgate
1255:
3641:
3035:Archibald, Elizabeth; Johnson, David F. (2008).
3034:
2197:Carley, James P.; Carley, James Patrick (2001).
866:) can be characterized as colorful, the second (
265:purportedly recounting the tales of Lancelot to
2350:
2251:The Grail: From Celtic Myth to Christian Symbol
3067:. University of Wales Press. 15 October 2020.
2962:
2754:. University of Wales Press. 15 October 2020.
2526:The Cistercians and the Queste del Saint Graal
1989:published the original Old French text of the
1049:The Adventures or The Quest for the Holy Grail
753:) dating from after 1230 (contemporary to the
2440:
2200:Glastonbury Abbey and the Arthurian Tradition
1615:, Chapter Summaries and Index of Proper Names
1430:The Vulgate Version of the Arthurian Romances
253:
2196:
1383:(1379) was loosely adapted from the Vulgate
553:
530:), serving as "prequels" to the main story.
55:depicted in a Polish 14th-century fresco at
27:13th-century French Arthurian literary cycle
2805:The New Arthurian Encyclopedia: New edition
1021:
598:brought the Holy Grail to Britain from the
590:) is the religious tale of early Christian
575:(MS 255, Bibliothèque Municipale de Rennes)
236:After its completion around 1230–1235, the
3555:
3428:
3236:
3212:
3010:
2707:
1471:Les aventures ou la queste del Saint Graal
1044:Les Aventures ou La Queste del Saint Graal
745:A distinctively alternate revision of the
206:. The highly influential cycle expands on
2774:
2501:
2329:
1066:and Bors, and achieved by Lancelot's son
1010:identified the possible non-cyclic Prose
969:into various sub-sections, including the
441:described the Cistercian theology of the
330:), Tantalides de Vergeaus (Tantalides of
210:'s "Little Grail Cycle" and the works of
3471:
3022:
2998:
2950:
2223:
2154:
1155:
811:Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze
797:
615:with new characters and episodes added.
559:
257:
3517:A Companion to the Lancelot-Grail Cycle
3354:
3315:A Companion to the Lancelot-Grail Cycle
2895:
2549:. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 3–12.
2547:A Companion to the Lancelot-Grail Cycle
2115:
1073:
190:by focusing on the love affair between
14:
3642:
2577:
2544:
2368:
2247:
2088:
934:, as well as his deep friendship with
915:Lancelot, le Chevalier de la Charrette
500:regarded as separate from the Vulgate
3513:
3326:
3087:
2866:
2864:
2828:
2736:
2719:
2632:
2603:
2601:
2417:"Vulgate cycle | medieval literature"
2411:
2409:
2407:
2398:
2286:
2284:
2169:
1603:: The Post-Vulgate, Parts I-III: The
1218:
1184:'s Gallica (including these from the
338:), and Sapiens de Baudas (Sapient of
3492:
3224:
2855:
2695:
2290:
2274:Brandsma, Frank. "LANCELOT PART 3."
2235:
2176:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
2173:Walter Map and the Matter of Britain
2165:
2163:
1589:, and The Post-Vulgate, Part I: The
1377:Vita de Merlino con le suo Prophetie
1014:in an early manuscript known as the
618:
452:
285:, in particular in the story of the
3534:
2938:
2356:
2317:
1353:added some original content in his
920:Lancelot, or the Knight of the Cart
167:), is an early 13th-century French
67:Unknown (in part directly based on
24:
3429:McCullough, Ann (12 August 2019).
2861:
2775:Nicholson, Helen (22 April 2001).
2598:
2404:
2373:. The University Press of Kansas.
2281:
2068:. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. 2010.
1811:Five-volume set (April 19, 2010).
1480:Volume 7 of 8 (1913): Supplement:
25:
3711:
3577:
3193:
2160:
1879:
1808:. Routledge Revivals. Routledge.
1524:Volume 1 of 5 (1 December 1992).
1493:
790:
3333:Medieval France: An Encyclopedia
2330:Matarasso, Pauline Maud (1979).
1913:Les Premiers Faits du roi Arthur
1865:Volume 5 of 5 (April 19, 2010).
1854:Volume 4 of 5 (April 19, 2010).
1844:Volume 3 of 5 (April 19, 2010).
1833:Volume 2 of 5 (April 19, 2010).
1822:Volume 1 of 5 (April 19, 2010).
1414:Modern editions and translations
1407:Perceval, the Story of the Grail
1260:The second version of the Prose
1182:Bibliothèque Nationale de France
841:The Life of Lancelot of the Lake
807:Historia di Lancillotto del Lago
456:
334:), Thumas de Toulete (Thomas of
45:
3465:
3422:
3398:
3373:
3348:
3335:, Garland, pp. 1829–1831,
3331:, in Kibler, William W. (ed.),
3320:
3303:
3260:
3242:
3187:
3169:
3144:
3118:
3093:
3055:
3028:
2983:
2956:
2889:
2822:
2795:
2768:
2742:
2713:
2653:
2626:
2571:
2538:
2518:
2484:Frese, Dolores Warwick (2008).
2477:
2434:
2362:
2323:
2268:
1772:Volume 9 of 10 (October 2010).
1712:Volume 5 of 10 (October 2010).
1543:Volume 2 of 5 (1 August 1993).
1418:
546:used by modern authors such as
449:Structure, history and synopsis
3665:Arthurian literature in French
2254:. Princeton University Press.
2248:Loomis, Roger Sherman (1991).
2241:
2190:
2109:
2089:Korrel, Peter (January 1984).
2082:
2056:
2015:The Illustrated Prose Lancelot
1791:Volume 10 of 10 (March 2010).
1765:: The Post-Vulgate Cycle: The
1573:Volume 4 of 5 (1 April 1995).
1558:Volume 3 of 5 (1 March 1995).
1281:The 14th-century English poem
1256:Other reworkings and influence
1151:
997:(named after Gawain's brother
679:), directly based on Robert's
198:, the religious quest for the
13:
1:
3700:Works of uncertain authorship
3496:The History of the Holy Grail
3493:Lacy, Norris J., ed. (2010).
3105:www.lancelot-project.pitt.edu
2989:Chase & Norris, p. 26-27.
2926:10.5149/9781469658629_weigand
2908:10.5149/9781469658629_weigand
2876:www.lancelot-project.pitt.edu
2872:"What is the Lancelot-Grail?"
2720:Bruce, James Douglas (1974).
2613:www.lancelot-project.pitt.edu
2065:The History of the Holy Grail
2044:
1757:Volume 8 of 10 (March 2010).
1742:Volume 7 of 10 (March 2010).
1727:Volume 6 of 10 (March 2010).
1697:Volume 4 of 10 (March 2010).
1682:Volume 3 of 10 (March 2010).
1667:Volume 2 of 10 (March 2010).
1662:The History of the Holy Grail
1652:Volume 1 of 10 (March 2010).
1641:Ten-volume set (March 2010).
1534:The History of the Holy Grail
1325:Outside Britain, the Vulgate
991:Continuation of the Charrette
981:), further split between the
874:
867:
860:
817:The cycle's centerpiece part
717:The First Acts of King Arthur
565:
524:
517:
354:
300:
174:consisting of interconnected
104:
3041:. Boydell & Brewer Ltd.
2896:Weigand, Hermann J. (1956).
2829:Busby, Keith (8 June 2022).
2665:www.oxfordbibliographies.com
2170:Smith, Joshua Byron (2017).
2049:
2030:The Quest for the Holy Grail
1782:The Quest for the Holy Grail
1737:The Quest for the Holy Grail
1609:The Quest for the Holy Grail
1595:Volume 5 of 5 (1 May 1996).
1583:The Quest for the Holy Grail
1464:Le livre de Lancelot del Lac
1457:Le livre de Lancelot del Lac
1450:Le livre de Lancelot del Lac
1349:'s Dutch translation of the
1252:one of the main characters.
143:(a modern title invented by
7:
3535:Lie, Orlanda S. H. (1987).
2584:. Oxford University Press.
2294:The Fortunes of King Arthur
1973:The Quest of the Holy Grail
1624:(2000). New York: Garland.
926:'s early life and with the
873:) as pious, and the third (
836:Le Livre de Lancelot du Lac
218:("The Book of the Grail").
10:
3716:
3604:("flip-book" exhibitions:
3309:Michael Harney's "Spanish
1780:: The Post-Vulgate Cycle:
1638:. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.
1314:were based on the Vulgate
1222:
845:Knights of the Round Table
396:written the main section (
344:Knights of the Round Table
254:Composition and authorship
227:Knights of the Round Table
3556:Sunderland, Luke (2010).
3457:– via Project MUSE.
3077:– via Google Books.
2845:– via Google Books.
2818:– via Google Books.
2791:– via Google Books.
2764:– via Google Books.
2535:. King's College, London.
2369:Carman, J. Neale (1973).
1428:Sommer, H. Oskar. (ed.).
1331:Albrecht von Scharfenberg
1329:was retold in Germany by
1296:was turned into verse in
1213:
1186:Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal
1003:Preparation for the Quest
555:History of the Holy Grail
314:himself to his confessor
125:
111:
100:
90:
79:
63:
44:
39:
34:
3680:Medieval French romances
3670:French historical novels
3562:. Boydell & Brewer.
3478:. Boydell & Brewer.
3472:Brandsma, Frank (2010).
3406:The Death of King Arthur
3355:Poirion, Daniel (2001).
3038:Arthurian Literature XXV
2778:Love, War, and the Grail
2636:The Death of King Arthur
2291:Lacy, Norris J. (2005).
2203:. Boydell & Brewer.
1981:The Death of King Arthur
1958:
1436:Lestoire del Saint Graal
1392:Les Prophecies de MĂ©rlin
1311:Of Arthour and of Merlin
1038:Quest for the Holy Grail
1023:Quest for the Holy Grail
973:("Lancelot's youth") or
571:early manuscript of the
3610:Histoire de Saint Graal
3541:. Uitgeverij Verloren.
3327:Burns, E. Jane (1995),
3177:"Digitised Manuscripts"
2421:Encyclopedia Britannica
2116:Coleman, Joyce (2020).
1946:La QuĂŞte du saint Graal
1888:Poirion, Daniel. (ed.)
1804:Lacy, Norris J. (ed.).
1634:Lacy, Norris J. (ed.).
1620:Lacy, Norris J. (ed.).
1506:Lacy, Norris J. (ed.).
1172:with an edition of the
1060:Estoire del Saint Graal
700:Suite Vulgate du Merlin
588:Story of the Holy Grail
583:Estoire del Saint Graal
573:Estoire del saint Graal
418:Encyclopædia Britannica
3385:PenguinRandomhouse.com
2531:31 August 2020 at the
1932:Volume 3 of 3 (2009):
1918:Volume 2 of 3 (2003):
1895:Volume 1 of 3 (2001):
1469:Volume 6 of 8 (1913):
1462:Volume 5 of 8 (1912):
1455:Volume 4 of 8 (1911):
1448:Volume 3 of 8 (1910):
1441:Volume 2 of 8 (1908):
1434:Volume 1 of 8 (1909):
1308:and the verse romance
1168:
1165:Queste del Saint Graal
1032:Queste del Saint Graal
985:and its follow-up the
930:between him and Queen
814:
695:Continuation of Merlin
576:
564:An illustration for a
278:
182:originally written in
3690:Works based on Merlin
3626:La mort du roi Arthur
3514:Dover, Carol (2003).
3447:10.1353/art.2019.0048
3281:10.1353/art.2013.0027
3156:initiale.irht.cnrs.fr
2633:Cable, James (1971).
2578:Lupack, Alan (2005).
2565:10.7722/j.ctt9qdj80.7
2503:10.1353/art.2008.0001
2134:10.1353/mdi.2020.0003
1950:La Mort du roi Arthur
1555:, Parts I, II and III
1510:. New York: Garland.
1159:
904:The Novel of Lancelot
801:
563:
261:
147:), also known as the
3618:Le Roman de Lancelot
3359:. Paris: Gallimard.
2726:. Slatkine Reprints.
1475:La mort le roi Artus
1396:Prophéties de Merlin
1368:Lancelot Compilation
1359:Historie von Merlijn
1298:Lancelot of the Laik
1233:, also known as the
1190:University of Oxford
1118:Geoffrey of Monmouth
1096:La Mort le Roy Artus
1090:Death of King Arthur
1075:Death of King Arthur
987:Suite de la Charette
899:Le Roman de Lancelot
490:Lancelot-Grail Cycle
402:Eleanor of Aquitaine
368:of the chronicle of
351:Gautier (Walter) Map
271:Eleanor of Aquitaine
140:Lancelot-Grail Cycle
3695:Works by Walter Map
3254:d.lib.rochester.edu
1892:, Paris: Gallimard
1786:The Death of Arthur
1767:Merlin Continuation
1752:The Death of Arthur
1709:, Parts III and IV.
1677:The Story of Merlin
1613:The Death of Arthur
1605:Merlin Continuation
1591:Merlin Continuation
1587:The Death of Arthur
1538:The Story of Merlin
1381:Historia di Merlino
1320:Merlin Continuation
1203:Rochefoucauld Grail
1198:Charles V of France
826:Estoire de Lancelot
723:Merlin Continuation
677:The Novel of Merlin
592:Joseph of Arimathea
431:Christian mysticism
382:Henry II of England
267:Henry II of England
83:Self-attributed to
3614:Histoire de Merlin
3130:expositions.bnf.fr
2455:10.1353/art.0.0051
2336:. Librairie Droz.
2001:) in 2008 and the
1905:Joseph d'Arimathie
1570:, Parts IV, V, VI.
1443:Lestoire de Merlin
1379:also known as the
1365:(1320). The Dutch
1347:Jacob van Maerlant
1343:Buch von Abenteuer
1231:Post-Vulgate Cycle
1225:Post-Vulgate Cycle
1219:Post-Vulgate Cycle
1169:
815:
765:The Book of Arthur
755:Post-Vulgate Cycle
712:Les Premiers Faits
672:Le Roman de Merlin
669:), also known as
605:Joseph d'Arimathie
577:
544:literary technique
279:
242:Post-Vulgate Cycle
212:Chrétien de Troyes
202:, and the life of
73:Chrétien de Troyes
3622:La QuĂŞte du Graal
3415:978-0-141-90778-9
3366:978-2-07-011342-2
3357:Le Livre du Graal
2646:978-0-14-044255-7
2639:. Penguin Books.
2591:978-0-19-280287-3
2095:. Brill Archive.
2075:978-1-84384-224-8
2038:978-1-55481-376-6
2024:was published by
2011:978-2-503-51678-3
1999:978-2-503-51676-9
1938:978-2-07-011343-9
1924:978-2-07-011344-6
1901:978-2-07-011342-2
1890:Le Livre du Graal
1871:978-0-415-87726-8
1860:978-0-415-87725-1
1850:978-0-415-87724-4
1839:978-0-415-87723-7
1828:978-0-415-87722-0
1817:978-0-415-87727-5
1724:, Parts V and VI.
1694:, Parts I and II.
1513:Five-volume set.
1363:Storia di Merlino
1335:Der Theure Mörlin
1275:Le Morte d'Arthur
1093:), also known as
1041:), also known as
971:Enfances Lancelot
896:), also known as
831:Story of Lancelot
823:, also known the
820:Lancelot en prose
631:Estoire de Merlin
620:History of Merlin
486:
485:
247:Le Morte d'Arthur
216:Le Livre du Graal
180:chivalric romance
135:
134:
130:Matter of Britain
116:Chivalric romance
16:(Redirected from
3707:
3633:
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2396:
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2366:
2360:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2327:
2321:
2320:, p. 13-14.
2315:
2309:
2308:
2288:
2279:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2245:
2239:
2238:, p. 21–22.
2233:
2227:
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2194:
2188:
2187:
2167:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2060:
1965:Penguin Classics
1482:Le livre d'Artus
1133:
1084:Mort le roi Artu
879:
878: 1225–1230
876:
872:
871: 1220–1225
869:
865:
864: 1215–1220
862:
760:Le Livre d'Artus
740:Lady of the Lake
709:, also known as
613:
594:and how his son
570:
567:
548:J. R. R. Tolkien
529:
526:
522:
521: 1210–1215
519:
481:
478:
460:
453:
363:
359:
356:
324:
305:
304: 1195–1210
302:
159:(named so after
157:Pseudo-Map Cycle
151:(from the Latin
106:
51:Scenes from the
49:
32:
31:
21:
3715:
3714:
3710:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3705:
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3403:
3399:
3389:
3387:
3379:
3378:
3374:
3367:
3353:
3349:
3343:
3329:"Vulgate Cycle"
3325:
3321:
3308:
3304:
3265:
3261:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3237:Sunderland 2010
3235:
3231:
3223:
3219:
3213:Sunderland 2010
3211:
3207:
3192:
3188:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3160:
3158:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3135:
3133:
3124:
3123:
3119:
3109:
3107:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3086:
3082:
3075:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3049:
3033:
3029:
3021:
3017:
3011:Sunderland 2010
3009:
3005:
2997:
2993:
2988:
2984:
2977:
2961:
2957:
2949:
2945:
2937:
2933:
2918:
2894:
2890:
2880:
2878:
2870:
2869:
2862:
2854:
2850:
2843:
2827:
2823:
2816:
2800:
2796:
2789:
2773:
2769:
2762:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2735:
2731:
2718:
2714:
2708:Sunderland 2010
2706:
2702:
2694:
2679:
2669:
2667:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2647:
2631:
2627:
2617:
2615:
2607:
2606:
2599:
2592:
2576:
2572:
2557:
2543:
2539:
2533:Wayback Machine
2523:
2519:
2482:
2478:
2439:
2435:
2425:
2423:
2415:
2414:
2405:
2397:
2388:
2381:
2367:
2363:
2355:
2351:
2344:
2328:
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2316:
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2305:
2289:
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2246:
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2222:
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2195:
2191:
2184:
2168:
2161:
2153:
2149:
2114:
2110:
2103:
2087:
2083:
2076:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2026:Broadview Press
1961:
1882:
1496:
1484:, with glossary
1421:
1416:
1258:
1248:(1220), making
1239:Lancelot Proper
1227:
1221:
1216:
1178:British Library
1154:
1127:
1078:
1058:, is, like the
1026:
1008:Elspeth Kennedy
956:Lancelot Proper
909:Lancelot du Lac
893:Lancelot Proper
887:Lancelot propre
877:
870:
863:
803:Bonifacio Bembo
796:
777:Helen Nicholson
747:Suite du Merlin
690:Suite du Merlin
638:), or just the
636:Story of Merlin
623:
607:
568:
558:
527:
520:
482:
476:
473:
466:needs expansion
451:
398:Lancelot Proper
361:
357:
318:
303:
291:Robert de Boron
256:
208:Robert de Boron
69:Robert de Boron
59:
57:Siedlęcin Tower
53:Lancelot Proper
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3713:
3703:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3638:
3637:
3629:
3606:Lancelot-Graal
3596:
3591:
3586:
3579:
3578:External links
3576:
3575:
3574:
3568:
3553:
3547:
3532:
3526:
3511:
3505:
3490:
3484:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3421:
3414:
3397:
3372:
3365:
3347:
3341:
3319:
3311:Lancelot-Grail
3302:
3259:
3241:
3229:
3217:
3205:
3186:
3168:
3143:
3117:
3092:
3090:, p. 219.
3080:
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3027:
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2240:
2228:
2226:, p. 200.
2216:
2209:
2189:
2182:
2159:
2147:
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2054:
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2018:
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1880:Daniel Poirion
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1500:Norris J. Lacy
1495:
1494:Norris J. Lacy
1492:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1478:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1375:. The Italian
1357:also known as
1339:Ulrich Fuetrer
1302:Henry Lovelich
1257:
1254:
1235:Roman du Graal
1223:Main article:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1153:
1150:
1077:
1072:
1051:) or just the
1025:
1020:
795:
789:
788:
787:
786:
785:
684:
622:
617:
557:
552:
484:
483:
463:
461:
450:
447:
439:Richard Barber
380:as ordered by
308:Livre du Graal
255:
252:
238:Lancelot–Grail
172:literary cycle
153:editio vulgata
133:
132:
127:
123:
122:
113:
109:
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92:
88:
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41:
37:
36:
35:Lancelot–Grail
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3712:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3685:Pseudohistory
3683:
3681:
3678:
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3666:
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3656:
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3611:
3607:
3603:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3571:
3569:9781843842200
3565:
3561:
3560:
3554:
3550:
3548:9780444856470
3544:
3540:
3539:
3533:
3529:
3527:9780859917834
3523:
3520:. DS Brewer.
3519:
3518:
3512:
3508:
3506:9781843842248
3502:
3498:
3497:
3491:
3487:
3485:9781843842576
3481:
3477:
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3456:
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3436:
3432:
3425:
3417:
3411:
3407:
3401:
3386:
3382:
3376:
3368:
3362:
3358:
3351:
3344:
3342:9780824044442
3338:
3334:
3330:
3323:
3316:
3313:Heritage" in
3312:
3306:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3263:
3255:
3251:
3245:
3238:
3233:
3227:, p. 14.
3226:
3221:
3215:, p. 99.
3214:
3209:
3201:
3197:
3190:
3182:
3178:
3172:
3157:
3153:
3147:
3131:
3127:
3121:
3106:
3102:
3096:
3089:
3084:
3076:
3074:9781786837431
3070:
3066:
3065:
3058:
3050:
3048:9781843841715
3044:
3040:
3039:
3031:
3024:
3023:Brandsma 2010
3019:
3013:, p. 98.
3012:
3007:
3001:, p. 15.
3000:
2999:Brandsma 2010
2995:
2986:
2978:
2976:9789062037384
2972:
2968:
2967:
2959:
2953:, p. 11.
2952:
2951:Brandsma 2010
2947:
2941:, p. 14.
2940:
2935:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2917:9781469658629
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2900:
2892:
2877:
2873:
2867:
2865:
2857:
2852:
2844:
2842:9789004485983
2838:
2834:
2833:
2825:
2817:
2815:9781136606335
2811:
2808:. Routledge.
2807:
2806:
2798:
2790:
2784:
2780:
2779:
2771:
2763:
2761:9781786837431
2757:
2753:
2752:
2745:
2739:, p. 16.
2738:
2733:
2725:
2724:
2716:
2710:, p. 63.
2709:
2704:
2697:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2666:
2662:
2656:
2648:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2629:
2614:
2610:
2604:
2602:
2593:
2587:
2583:
2582:
2574:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2556:9780859917834
2552:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2530:
2527:
2524:Karen Pratt,
2521:
2513:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2480:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2449:(2): 82–102.
2448:
2444:
2437:
2422:
2418:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2401:, p. 87.
2400:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2382:
2376:
2372:
2365:
2358:
2353:
2345:
2343:9782600035699
2339:
2335:
2334:
2326:
2319:
2314:
2306:
2304:9781843840619
2300:
2297:. DS Brewer.
2296:
2295:
2287:
2285:
2277:
2271:
2263:
2261:9780691020754
2257:
2253:
2252:
2244:
2237:
2232:
2225:
2224:Brandsma 2010
2220:
2212:
2210:9780859915724
2206:
2202:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2183:9780812294163
2179:
2175:
2174:
2166:
2164:
2156:
2155:Brandsma 2010
2151:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2112:
2104:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2085:
2077:
2071:
2067:
2066:
2059:
2055:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1798:
1797:9781843842521
1794:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1778:9781843842330
1775:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1763:9781843842385
1760:
1756:
1753:
1749:
1748:9781843842309
1745:
1741:
1738:
1734:
1733:9781843842378
1730:
1726:
1723:
1719:
1718:9781843842361
1715:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1703:9781843842354
1700:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1688:9781843842262
1685:
1681:
1678:
1674:
1673:9781843842347
1670:
1666:
1663:
1659:
1658:9781843842248
1655:
1651:
1648:
1647:9780859917704
1644:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1631:
1630:0-8153-3419-2
1627:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1601:0-8153-0757-8
1598:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1579:0-8153-0748-9
1576:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1564:0-8153-0747-0
1561:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1549:0-8153-0746-2
1546:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1530:0-8240-7733-4
1527:
1523:
1520:
1519:0-8240-0700-X
1516:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1486:
1483:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1411:
1409:
1408:
1403:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1355:Merlijns Boek
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1270:Thomas Malory
1267:
1263:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1246:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1211:
1207:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1141:Roman de Brut
1137:
1131:
1126:
1125:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1076:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1033:
1024:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
963:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
916:
911:
910:
905:
901:
900:
895:
894:
889:
888:
881:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
837:
832:
828:
827:
822:
821:
812:
808:
804:
800:
794:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
761:
756:
752:
748:
744:
743:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
724:
718:
714:
713:
708:
707:
706:Vulgate-Suite
702:
701:
696:
692:
691:
685:
682:
678:
674:
673:
668:
667:
666:Merlin Proper
662:
661:
660:Merlin propre
655:
654:
653:
651:
650:
644:
643:
637:
633:
632:
628:
621:
616:
614:
611:
606:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
584:
574:
562:
556:
551:
549:
545:
541:
537:
536:entrelacement
531:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
480:
471:
467:
464:This section
462:
459:
455:
454:
446:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
419:
413:
411:
410:Ferdinand Lot
407:
403:
399:
393:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
352:
349:Welsh writer
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
322:
317:
313:
309:
298:
297:
292:
288:
284:
277:Français 123)
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
251:
249:
248:
243:
239:
234:
232:
228:
224:
219:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
170:
166:
165:pseudo-author
162:
158:
154:
150:
149:Vulgate Cycle
146:
145:Ferdinand Lot
142:
141:
131:
128:
124:
121:
117:
114:
110:
103:
99:
96:
93:
89:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
48:
43:
40:Vulgate Cycle
38:
33:
30:
19:
18:Vulgate Cycle
3558:
3537:
3516:
3495:
3474:
3466:Bibliography
3441:(4): 85–86.
3438:
3434:
3424:
3405:
3400:
3388:. Retrieved
3384:
3375:
3356:
3350:
3332:
3322:
3314:
3310:
3305:
3272:
3268:
3262:
3253:
3244:
3239:, p. 6.
3232:
3220:
3208:
3199:
3189:
3180:
3171:
3159:. Retrieved
3155:
3146:
3134:. Retrieved
3129:
3120:
3108:. Retrieved
3104:
3095:
3083:
3063:
3057:
3037:
3030:
3025:, p. 4.
3018:
3006:
2994:
2985:
2965:
2958:
2946:
2934:
2898:
2891:
2879:. Retrieved
2875:
2858:, p. 8.
2851:
2831:
2824:
2804:
2797:
2777:
2770:
2750:
2744:
2732:
2722:
2715:
2703:
2698:, p. 6.
2668:. Retrieved
2664:
2655:
2635:
2628:
2616:. Retrieved
2612:
2580:
2573:
2546:
2540:
2520:
2493:
2489:
2479:
2446:
2442:
2436:
2424:. Retrieved
2420:
2370:
2364:
2352:
2332:
2325:
2313:
2293:
2275:
2270:
2250:
2243:
2231:
2219:
2199:
2192:
2172:
2150:
2125:
2121:
2111:
2091:
2084:
2064:
2058:
2029:
2021:
2014:
2002:
1990:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1927:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1889:
1883:
1805:
1785:
1781:
1766:
1751:
1736:
1721:
1706:
1691:
1676:
1661:
1635:
1621:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1567:
1552:
1537:
1533:
1507:
1497:
1481:
1474:
1470:
1463:
1456:
1449:
1442:
1435:
1429:
1422:
1419:Oskar Sommer
1405:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1342:
1334:
1333:in his lost
1326:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1309:
1305:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:Morte Arthur
1284:
1280:
1273:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1244:
1238:
1234:
1228:
1208:
1201:
1194:
1173:
1170:
1164:
1145:
1139:
1123:
1109:La Mort Artu
1108:
1107:
1102:
1100:
1099:or just the
1095:
1094:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1074:
1059:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1022:
1011:
1002:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
964:
959:
955:
928:courtly love
919:
913:
908:
907:
903:
898:
897:
892:
891:
886:
884:
882:
880:) as sober:
856:
852:
848:
840:
835:
834:
830:
825:
824:
819:
818:
816:
806:
792:
780:
772:
768:
764:
759:
758:
746:
722:
720:
716:
711:
710:
705:
704:
699:
698:
694:
689:
687:
680:
676:
671:
670:
665:
664:
659:
657:
648:
641:
639:
635:
630:
629:
626:
624:
619:
603:
587:
582:
580:
578:
572:
554:
539:
535:
532:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
487:
474:
470:adding to it
465:
442:
422:
416:
414:
405:
397:
394:
348:
307:
294:
280:
245:
237:
235:
220:
215:
178:episodes of
156:
152:
148:
139:
138:
136:
52:
29:
3660:1230s books
3655:1220s books
3650:1210s books
3632:(in French)
3599:(in French)
3275:(3): 3–25.
3132:(in French)
2496:(1): 3–21.
2426:10 December
2380:7006-0100-7
2122:Mediaevalia
1466:, Part III.
1152:Manuscripts
1128: [
1016:BNF fr. 768
1001:); and the
977:(sometimes
809:(Pal. 556,
751:BNF fr. 337
608: [
569: 1220
528: 1235
477:August 2023
435:Augustinian
388:in a later
362: 1209
358: 1140
319: [
283:King Arthur
188:King Arthur
85:Gautier Map
80:Ascribed to
3675:Holy Grail
3644:Categories
3435:Arthuriana
3269:Arthuriana
3194:Wight, C.
3152:"Initiale"
3088:Dover 2003
2969:. Rodopi.
2788:9004120149
2737:Dover 2003
2490:Arthuriana
2443:Arthuriana
2399:Dover 2003
2128:: 71–101.
2102:9004072721
2045:References
1459:, Part II.
1188:) and the
906:) or just
784:completed.
429:spirit of
427:Cistercian
378:Old French
360: – c.
287:Holy Grail
200:Holy Grail
184:Old French
161:Walter Map
95:Old French
3455:212815856
3297:161312740
3225:Lacy 2010
3200:www.bl.uk
3181:www.bl.uk
2856:Lacy 2010
2835:. BRILL.
2781:. BRILL.
2696:Lacy 2010
2471:162024940
2236:Lacy 2010
2142:226438977
2050:Citations
2032:in 2018 (
1991:Mort Artu
1977:Mort Artu
1452:, Part I.
1401:Palamedes
1290:Mort Artu
1283:Stanzaic
1103:Mort Artu
983:Charrette
960:Charrette
932:Guinevere
857:Mort Artu
719:) or the
600:Holy Land
366:Salisbury
263:"Gautier"
196:Guinevere
169:Arthurian
120:chronicle
118:, pseudo-
107:1210–1235
64:Author(s)
3289:43855455
2939:Lie 1987
2529:Archived
2512:27870892
2463:27870964
2357:Lie 1987
2318:Lie 1987
1722:Lancelot
1707:Lancelot
1692:Lancelot
1568:Lancelot
1553:Lancelot
1394:(or the
1373:Lancelot
1345:(1471).
1318:and the
1304:'s poem
1294:Lancelot
1174:Lancelot
1124:Perceval
1101:Vulgate
1082:Vulgate
1064:Perceval
1053:Vulgate
1030:Vulgate
1012:Lancelot
999:Agravain
995:Agravain
975:Galehaut
967:Lancelot
936:Galehaut
924:Lancelot
885:Vulgate
849:Lancelot
793:Lancelot
773:Lancelot
721:Vulgate
688:Vulgate
658:Vulgate
640:Vulgate
596:Josephus
581:Vulgate
512:and the
506:Lancelot
502:Lancelot
406:Lancelot
332:Vercelli
293:'s poem
289:. As in
192:Lancelot
91:Language
3161:12 June
3136:12 June
1987:Brepols
1607:(end),
1266:Tristan
1262:Tristan
1250:Tristan
1245:Tristan
1114:Mordred
1068:Galahad
993:); the
979:Galeaut
627:Vulgate
370:Camelot
340:Baghdad
328:Cologne
231:Galahad
126:Subject
3566:
3545:
3524:
3503:
3482:
3453:
3412:
3390:9 June
3363:
3339:
3295:
3287:
3110:9 June
3071:
3045:
2973:
2924:
2914:
2881:9 June
2839:
2812:
2785:
2758:
2670:9 June
2643:
2618:9 June
2588:
2563:
2553:
2510:
2469:
2461:
2377:
2340:
2301:
2258:
2207:
2180:
2140:
2099:
2072:
2036:
2022:Queste
2009:
2003:Queste
1997:
1969:Queste
1936:
1922:
1909:Merlin
1899:
1869:
1858:
1848:
1837:
1826:
1815:
1795:
1776:
1761:
1746:
1731:
1716:
1701:
1686:
1671:
1656:
1645:
1628:
1599:
1577:
1562:
1547:
1528:
1517:
1398:) and
1385:Merlin
1351:Merlin
1327:Merlin
1316:Merlin
1306:Merlin
1243:Prose
1214:Legacy
1146:Queste
1122:Didot
1055:Queste
954:. The
950:, and
948:Lionel
944:Hector
853:Queste
791:Prose
781:Merlin
775:, and
769:Merlin
736:Romans
732:Saxons
728:Gawain
681:Merlin
649:Merlin
647:Prose
642:Merlin
540:Queste
510:Queste
508:, the
494:Queste
443:Queste
433:(with
423:Queste
386:Avalon
336:Toledo
316:Blaise
312:Merlin
296:Merlin
223:Logres
204:Merlin
163:, its
3620:, by
3451:S2CID
3293:S2CID
3285:JSTOR
2922:JSTOR
2561:JSTOR
2508:JSTOR
2467:S2CID
2459:JSTOR
2138:S2CID
1959:Other
1161:Yvain
1132:]
940:Yvain
833:) or
612:]
514:Morte
390:Welsh
374:Latin
323:]
176:prose
112:Genre
3564:ISBN
3543:ISBN
3522:ISBN
3501:ISBN
3480:ISBN
3410:ISBN
3392:2019
3361:ISBN
3337:ISBN
3163:2019
3138:2019
3112:2019
3069:ISBN
3043:ISBN
2971:ISBN
2912:ISBN
2883:2019
2837:ISBN
2810:ISBN
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