479:
revolution in music consumption. Potential buyers had the opportunity to choose their perfect match in terms of mobile listening technology. The ability to play one's personal choice of music and listen privately was a huge selling point of the
Walkman, especially amongst teens, who greatly contributed to its success. A diversity of features and styles suggested that there would be a product which was "the perfect choice" for each consumer. This method of marketing to an extremely expansive user-base while maintaining the idea that the product was made for each individual " the best of all possible worlds—mass marketing and personal differentiation".
361:
417:
66:
580:
269:, SONY began to launch the Walkman in July 1979. Akio Morita positioned Walkman in the youth market, emphasized youth, vitality, and fashion, and created a headset culture. In February 1980, he began to sell Walkman to the world, and in November 1980, he began to use the non-standard Japanese and English brands globally. The Walkman has sold more than 250 million units worldwide. When Akio Morita was knighted in October 1992, the headline in the British newspapers The Sun and The Daily Telegraph was "Arise, Sir Sony Walkman"
328:
429:
254:
86:
57:
441:
40:
758:
453:
77:
2244:
533:
The
Walkman has been cited as influencing people's relationship with music and technology, due to its "solitary" and "personal" nature, as users were listening to their music of choice instead of radio. It has been seen as a precursor of personal mainstream tech possessions such as personal computers
478:
A major component of the
Walkman advertising campaign was overspecialization of the device. Prior to the Walkman, the common device for portable music was the portable radio, which could only offer listeners standard music broadcasts. Having the ability to customize a playlist was a new and exciting
499:, the Walkman's "unprecedented combination of portability (it ran on two AA batteries) and privacy (it featured a headphone jack but no external speaker) made it the ideal product for thousands of consumers looking for a compact portable stereo that they could take with them anywhere". According to
373:
and an auto reverse function appeared in 1982. The first ultra-compact "cassette-size" Walkman was introduced in 1983, model WM-20, with a telescopic case. This allowed even easier carrying of a
Walkman in bags or pockets. In October 1985, the WM-101 model was the first in its class with a "gum
305:
as would be expected on a person walking. Pavel later lost his suit claiming the
Walkman idea as his own. Finally in 2003, with Pavel threatening to file infringement proceedings in the remaining territories where he held protective rights, Sony approached him with a view to settling the matter
474:
The marketing of the
Walkman helped introduce the idea of "Japanese-ness" into global culture, synonymous with miniaturization and high-technology. The "Walk-men" and "Walk-women" in advertisements were created to be the ideal reflections of the viewing audience. Sony implemented a marketing
368:
The 1980s was the decade of the intensive development of the
Walkman lineup. In 1981 Sony released the second Walkman model, the WM-2, which was significantly smaller than the TPS-L2 thanks to the "inverse" mounting of the power-operated magnetic head and soft-touch buttons. Sony applied the
769:
Walkman portable digital audio and media players are the only
Walkman-branded products still being produced today – although the "Network" prefix is no longer being used, the model numbers still carry the "NW-" prefix. The current product range as of 2022 are:
705:
range became a large success in the market, hindering
Walkman sales internationally, though it fared better domestically. The Network Walkman for several years had paltry market share and had also been struggling against numerous other rivals such as
475:
strategy, hiring young adults to walk around in public wearing a
Walkman, offering nearby people to test out the product. Sony also hired actors to pose with the Walkman around the streets of Tokyo as an additional form of promotion.
306:
amicably, which led to both parties signing a contract and confidentiality agreement in 2004. The settlement was reported to be a cash payment in the "low eight figures" and ongoing royalties of the sale of certain Walkman models.
1601:
369:"Walkman" brand to some transistor radios starting with the matching blue SRF-40 FM Walkman in 1980, and added a radio system to some Walkman cassette models starting with the model WM-F1 in 1982. The first model with
209:
and the brand was later extended to serve most of Sony's portable audio devices; since 2011 it consists exclusively of digital flash memory players. The current flagship product as of 2022 is the WM1ZM2 player.
324:, went on sale in Japan on July 1, 1979, and was sold for around ¥33,000 (or $ 150.00). Though Sony predicted it would sell about 5,000 units a month, it sold more than 30,000 in the first two months.
410:
players led to the decline of the cassette Walkman, which was discontinued in Japan in 2010. The last cassette-based model available in the US was the WM-FX290W, which was first released in 2004.
265:, the audio department modified the small recorder used by journalists, "Pressman", into a smaller recorder. After many people praised the good sound quality evaluation, under the leadership of
282:
and released in August 1963. In the late 1960s, the introduction of prerecorded compact cassettes made it possible to listen to music on portable devices as well as on car stereos, though
392:. Only a few hundred were built of each. A 15th anniversary model was also made on July 1, 1994, with vertical loading, and a 20th anniversary on July 1, 1999, with a prestige model.
1609:
217:
for personal compact stereos of any producer or brand. 220 million cassette-type Walkmen were sold by the end of production in 2010; including digital Walkman devices such as
3215:
2275:
289:
Portable tape players of various designs were available, but none of them were intended to be operated by a person as they were walking. In the 1970s, Brazilian inventor
1741:
560:
ruled in 2002 that Sony could not prevent others from using the term "Walkman" to describe similar goods. It is therefore an example of what marketing experts call the "
518:
fad. Between 1987 and 1997, the height of the Walkman's popularity, the number of people who said they walked for exercise increased by 30%. Other firms, including
1567:
1205:
3261:
2028:
1404:
1062:
994:
1972:
1228:
545:
In the market, the Walkman's success also led to great adoption of the Compact Cassette format. Within a few years, cassettes were outselling
301:" concept did not include the required engineering advancements to yield high-quality sound reproduction while the tape player was subject to
1991:
2074:
1842:
1515:
403:
units were manufactured by 1995. By 1999, 20 years after the introduction of the first model, Sony sold 186 million cassette Walkmans.
2010:
320:
to design a playback-only stereo version optimized for walking. The metal-cased blue-and-silver Walkman TPS-L2, the world's first low-cost
730:
support in earlier years have been suggested factors of its performance. Its U.S. market share in 2006 was 1.9%, placing it behind Apple,
1759:
1161:
556:
In German-speaking countries, the use of "Walkman" became generic, meaning a personal stereo of any make, to a degree that the Austrian
1268:
416:
722:, although sales and share did eventually increase fivefold in 2005 and continued improving, but remained small. Its pricing policy,
1958:
316:
used Sony's bulky TC-D5 cassette recorder to listen to music while traveling for business. He asked the executive deputy president
440:
2282:
1813:
428:
3286:
3266:
3246:
1795:
3301:
3123:
1777:
2161:
1295:
557:
374:
stick" rechargeable battery. In 1986 Sony presented the first model outfitted with remote control, as well as one with
697:
Sony could not repeat the success of the cassette player in the 21st-century digital audio player (DAP) market. Rival
2218:
978:
953:
2122:
2060:
2046:
1579:
623:. In 2000, the Walkman brand (the entire range) was unified, and a new small icon, "W.", was made for the branding.
2779:
2107:
3071:
3281:
3183:
1687:
Weber, Heike (2009). "Taking Your Favorite Sound Along: Portable Audio Technologies for Mobile Music Listening".
1196:
539:
538:
also started to be worn in public. This caused safety controversies in the US, which in 1982 led to the mayor of
3256:
3251:
2600:
2588:
2479:
2306:
850:
829:
335:
The Walkman was followed by a series of international releases; as overseas sales companies objected to the
160:
2147:
1714:
1659:
1478:
1386:
357:
caught on globally and Sony used the name worldwide. The TPS-L2 was introduced in the US in June 1980.
3276:
3178:
3173:
2767:
370:
3167:
3133:
3061:
742:
711:
1088:
3091:
2774:
2762:
2189:
1623:
1128:
3296:
1879:
885:
510:
2983:
2248:
1315:
918:
452:
1833:
1496:
1340:
662:, shortly before the Walkman brand unification. Most future models would use built-in solid-state
3086:
2617:
237:, it has sold approximately 400 million at this time. The Walkman brand has also been applied to
2532:
2089:
384:
Two limited edition 10th anniversary models were released in 1989 (WM-701S/T) in Japan, made of
213:
Walkman cassette players were very popular during the 1980s, which led to "walkman" becoming an
3291:
3271:
2963:
1423:"WM-701S WALKMAN® (Remote Control/Auto Reverse Cassette Player) / Gallery / Sony Design / Sony"
1253:
Carl, Franzen (1 July 2014). "The History of the Walkman: 35 Years of Iconic Music Listening".
687:
381:
Within a decade of launch, Sony held a 50% market share in the United States and 46% in Japan.
293:
devised a method for carrying a player of this type on a belt around the waist, listening via
2657:
2557:
2268:
1173:
932:
Bull, Michael (2006). "Investigating the Culture of Mobile Listening: From Walkman to iPod".
360:
198:
1458:
1272:
3101:
3027:
2979:
2799:
2571:
2537:
1463:
1422:
865:
746:
643:
234:
186:
1540:
1440:
579:
65:
8:
3138:
2991:
2712:
2415:
813:
1507:
820:, designed for both content transfer and playback for Walkman and other audio products.
3008:
2855:
2672:
2542:
2472:
1921:
1897:
745:, a Sony division who are not involved in Walkman products, officially described their
600:
226:
218:
1973:"Sony Ericsson W800 – the first Walkman phone raises the bar for mobile entertainment"
1036:
3096:
3051:
3001:
2920:
2809:
2727:
2360:
2339:
2224:
2214:
1136:
974:
949:
893:
817:
805:
546:
530:, produced similar products, and in 1983 cassettes outsold vinyl for the first time.
508:
The Walkman became an icon in 1980s culture. In 1986, the word "Walkman" entered the
302:
283:
214:
178:
19:
This article is about the Walkman brand. For information about the generic item, see
270:
3241:
2927:
2547:
2390:
2385:
2370:
2365:
2329:
941:
789:
783:
774:
762:
738:. In Japan its share in 2009–2010 was between 43 and 48%, slightly ahead of Apple.
238:
123:
3199:
3066:
3056:
2996:
2497:
2208:
495:
493:
Culturally the Walkman had a great effect and it became ubiquitous. According to
389:
321:
206:
24:
20:
2647:
2431:
840:
631:
488:
469:
253:
3235:
3046:
2942:
2900:
2814:
2742:
2564:
2465:
2436:
2260:
2228:
1945:
Actor-Network Theory and Technology Innovation: Advancements and New Concepts
1140:
897:
855:
707:
691:
375:
290:
275:
242:
85:
945:
674:
copyright protection and, until 2004, exclusively supported Sony's in-house
2789:
2717:
2652:
2511:
2333:
2075:"NPD: Apple retains huge lead with 75.6% share of U.S. Music player market"
1880:"Sony Global – Press Release – Sony Celebrates Walkman(R) 20th Anniversary"
1861:
1365:
663:
655:
550:
407:
327:
313:
262:
514:. Millions used the Walkman during exercise, marking the beginning of the
3018:
2885:
2829:
2794:
2784:
2752:
2747:
2737:
2593:
2516:
627:
266:
56:
1387:"Sony Group Portal – Product & Technology Milestones−Personal Audio"
3220:
3076:
2905:
2880:
2662:
2552:
1405:"Innovation Success: How the Apple iPod Broke all Sony's Walkman Rules"
845:
723:
698:
561:
542:
banning Walkman from being worn in public due to pedestrian accidents.
337:
317:
298:
294:
2213:. London: SAGE Publications, in association with The Open University.
757:
39:
3023:
2915:
2890:
2875:
2667:
2581:
2576:
667:
626:
From 2012, Walkman was also the name of the music player software on
535:
523:
501:
2627:
690:. Additionally, Walkman-branded mobile phones were also made by the
2722:
2692:
2410:
780:
B Series (except Japan) – budget-oriented thumb style music players
683:
670:
based players were also released from 2004 to 2007. They came with
608:
584:
515:
222:
105:
1441:"WM-EX1 WALKMAN® (Cassette Player) / Gallery / Sony Design / Sony"
619:
range of portable compact disc (CD) players started to rebrand as
3081:
3013:
2932:
2895:
2870:
2860:
2850:
2732:
2642:
2632:
2605:
2441:
1300:
860:
798:
WM1 Series – flagship luxurious high-end players (part of Sony's
735:
731:
616:
527:
279:
230:
76:
2865:
1602:"Walkman digital tuning weather radio/cassette player WM-FX290W"
3144:
3128:
2968:
2757:
2707:
2702:
2687:
2446:
2243:
2175:
1742:"40 years ago, the Sony Walkman changed how we listen to music"
1575:
1296:"The Sony Walkman was introduced in the U.S. as the Soundabout"
999:
995:"Sony Announces Two New Premium High-End Digital Audio Players"
719:
671:
592:
1778:"Walkman Banned in Woodbridge? Yes, Law Is Still on the Books"
1172:. Vol. 93, no. 1288. 14 January 1982. Archived from
2910:
2824:
2697:
2682:
2637:
675:
568:
567:
A large statue of a Sports Walkman FM was erected in Tokyo's
385:
364:
Three Walkman players, variously dating between 1984 and 1991
3216:
Sony Toshiba IBM Center of Competence for the Cell Processor
1796:"How The Sony Walkman Changed All Walks Of Life In 40 Years"
1467:. No. 43 (2 September 1989). 31 August 1989. p. 7.
395:
By 1989, 10 years after the launch of the first model, over
3150:
2947:
2937:
2845:
2804:
2488:
2291:
1019:
Brand Meaning: Meaning, Myth and Mystique in Today's Brands
715:
702:
651:
599:, extending the brand name. In 1990 Sony released portable
519:
505:, "the world changed" on the day the Walkman was released.
309:
202:
1924:[History of the Sony Network Walkman] (in Russian)
2677:
2011:"Sony Says It's an IPod Killer, Not Just Another Walkman"
1568:"Sony Kills The Cassette Walkman On The iPod's Birthday*"
1533:
727:
679:
571:
district in 2019 in celebration of the 40th anniversary.
1834:"Japan's reverence for the Sony Walkman is a deadweight"
2457:
2255:
2108:"Sony's Walkman Outsells iPod in Japan for First Time"
1959:"Musique numérique: Sony n'est plus allergique au MP3"
1814:"When did CD's Take a Front Seat to the Cassette Tape"
1229:"An Unlikely Trendsetter Made Earphones a Way of Life"
2210:
Doing Cultural Studies: The Story of the Sony Walkman
2190:"Music Center for PC Ver.1.0 | Sony Middle East"
971:
Doing Cultural Studies: The Story of the Sony Walkman
286:
remained the most popular format for home listening.
1188:
2162:"Support for Digital Music Players | Sony USA"
2123:"'21st century Walkman' drags feet on way to debut"
2047:"Sony Walkman briefly outsells Apple iPod in Japan"
1513:
678:format; there was no support for industry-standard
3200:Sony Institute of Higher Education Shohoku College
1832:
1516:"Sony retires the cassette Walkman after 30 years"
1195:
233:then renamed the CD Walkman) and memory-type
205:since 1979. The original Walkman started out as a
637:
341:name, it was sold under several names, including
3233:
2061:"Sony Walkman Sales Surpass iPod Sales In Japan"
1898:"Mobile-review.com История Sony Network Walkman"
1760:"Rewind: How the Walkman changed the world . . "
682:as Sony wanted to protect its records division,
149:385 million (all editions, as of March 31, 2009)
919:"Sony Japan – タイムカプセル vol.20 そして、その名は世界共通語になった"
549:records, and would continue to do so until the
190:
2290:
2029:"Sony takes bite out of Apple's iPod in Japan"
1942:
1634:
642:On December 21, 1999, Sony launched its first
201:manufactured and marketed by Japanese company
3037:
2473:
2276:
1992:"How the iPod Ran Circles Around the Walkman"
1700:
1698:
1497:"Sony Celebrates Walkman(R) 20th Anniversary"
1012:
1010:
446:A "Sport" Walkman model from the early 1990s
434:WM-F404, high-end model with TV tuner (1988)
278:was developed by the Dutch electronics firm
2176:"ポータブルオーディオプレーヤー Walkman ウォークマン | ソニー"
1565:
1381:
1379:
353:in the UK. Eventually, in the early 1980s,
3262:Products and services discontinued in 2010
2480:
2466:
2283:
2269:
1739:
1695:
1063:"Sony's modern take on the iconic Walkman"
1007:
1541:"Sony Retiring Cassette Walkman in Japan"
1034:
1021:(Second ed.), Routledge, p. 140
1919:
1376:
756:
654:division). The first player, which used
578:
359:
326:
252:
16:Series of portable media players by Sony
2008:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1856:
1854:
1852:
936:. Computer Supported Cooperative Work.
749:in 2004 as the "21st century Walkman".
3234:
2206:
1989:
1845:from the original on 10 December 2022.
1226:
968:
607:. It was extended further in 1992 for
553:(CD) overtook cassette sales in 1991.
2461:
2264:
2009:Fackler, Martin (15 September 2005).
1830:
1686:
1682:
1680:
1479:"Mr. Morita, I Would Like a Walkman!"
1293:
1126:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1016:
883:
23:. For the album by Bad Bad Hats, see
1908:
1849:
1316:"FM Walkman Stereo Receiver SRF-40W"
1252:
1030:
1028:
931:
795:W/WS Series – wearable music players
650:(alongside players developed by the
482:
133:Portable audio players and recorders
1660:"SONY TPS-L2 – The Walkman Archive"
823:
331:The original logo from 1981 to 2000
95:Left to right from top: a cassette
13:
2380:
2375:
2355:
2207:Du Gay, Paul; et al. (1997).
2120:
2087:
1920:Dorozhin, Alexey (16 March 2007).
1715:"THE SOCIAL REVOLUTION OF WALKMAN"
1677:
1227:Rohter, Larry (17 December 2005).
1103:
399:Walkmans had been sold worldwide.
14:
3313:
2237:
1990:Stross, Randall (13 March 2005).
1740:Gartenberg, Chaim (1 July 2019).
1025:
630:. It has since been rebranded to
261:In March 1979, at the request of
257:Original 1979 Sony Walkman TPS-L2
2242:
2090:"Walkman Outsells iPod in Japan"
1208:from the original on 25 May 2022
886:"A Brief History of The Walkman"
752:
591:In 1989, Sony released portable
574:
451:
439:
427:
415:
84:
75:
64:
55:
38:
2182:
2168:
2154:
2140:
2114:
2100:
2081:
2067:
2053:
2039:
2021:
2002:
1983:
1965:
1951:
1936:
1890:
1872:
1824:
1806:
1788:
1770:
1752:
1733:
1707:
1652:
1643:
1616:
1594:
1566:Chan, Casey (23 October 2010).
1559:
1489:
1471:
1451:
1433:
1415:
1397:
1358:
1333:
1308:
1287:
1261:
1246:
1220:
1154:
658:storage medium, was branded as
2601:Sony Music Entertainment Japan
2589:Sony Interactive Entertainment
1922:"История Sony Network Walkman"
1127:Haire, Meaghan (1 July 2009).
1081:
1055:
987:
962:
925:
911:
884:Haire, Meaghan (1 July 2009).
877:
812:Since 2017, Sony provided the
638:Digital players (1999–present)
422:WM-F5 "Okinawa" Sports Walkman
1:
2199:
1691:. Amsterdam University Press.
1035:株式会社インプレス (22 October 2010).
851:List of Sony Walkman products
830:List of Sony Walkman products
792:(Japan) – entry level players
349:in Australia and Sweden, and
161:List of Sony Walkman products
3170:(umbrella company in the US)
2538:Sony Semiconductor Solutions
777:– flagship mid-range players
463:
458:Sony Walkman WM-EX194 (2004)
371:Dolby noise-reduction system
7:
3287:Sony Ericsson mobile phones
3267:Consumer electronics brands
3247:Products introduced in 1979
3168:Sony Corporation of America
3134:Sony Professional Solutions
3129:Sony Network Communications
2148:"Sony PSP details revealed"
1831:Lewis, Leo (30 July 2019).
1294:Novak, Matt (1 July 2014).
1269:"Läsarnas sjuka varumärken"
834:
743:Sony Computer Entertainment
191:
10:
3318:
3302:Brands that became generic
3092:Sony Entertainment Network
2775:Sony Entertainment Network
1947:. IGI Global. p. 170.
827:
603:(DAT) players marketed as
486:
467:
248:
18:
3208:
3192:
3160:
3116:
2978:
2956:
2838:
2616:
2525:
2504:
2495:
2424:
2403:
2348:
2322:
2315:
2302:
1514:Lauren Indvik, Mashable.
1341:"FM Stereo Walkman WM-F1"
1037:"ソニー、カセット型ウォークマンの生産・販売終了"
615:brand. From 1997, Sony's
511:Oxford English Dictionary
182:
153:
145:
137:
129:
119:
49:
37:
3024:Great American Pure Flix
2487:
934:Consuming Music Together
871:
808:– high-end music players
558:Supreme Court of Justice
207:portable cassette player
3193:Nonprofit organizations
1943:Arthur Tatnall (2010).
1664:www.walkman-archive.com
1271:. Dn.se. Archived from
946:10.1007/1-4020-4097-0_7
44:Walkman logo since 2000
3282:Portable media players
2964:Sony Creative Software
1459:"Japan: The Next Wave"
1091:. Sony Electronics Inc
1067:The Hindu BusinessLine
766:
646:(DAP), under the name
595:recorders marketed as
588:
540:Woodbridge, New Jersey
365:
345:in the United States,
332:
258:
215:genericized label term
199:portable audio players
141:July 1, 1979 – present
3257:1990s fads and trends
3252:1980s fads and trends
3062:Anime Digital Network
2256:Official Sony website
2251:at Wikimedia Commons
973:. SAGE Publications.
969:Du Gay, Paul (1997).
786:– entry level players
760:
726:software and lack of
644:digital audio players
582:
363:
330:
256:
3179:List of acquisitions
3028:Great American Media
3026:(joint venture with
2572:Sony Financial Group
1961:. 14 September 2004.
1784:. 29 September 2016.
1782:Woodbridge, NJ Patch
1464:New Computer Express
1017:Batey, Mark (2016),
866:PlayStation Portable
747:PlayStation Portable
3277:Japanese inventions
3139:Sony Honda Mobility
2992:PlayStation Network
2980:Online distribution
2839:Historical products
2810:Video8/Hi8/Digital8
2416:Music Center for PC
2110:. 5 September 2010.
2063:. 2 September 2010.
2049:. 3 September 2009.
1721:. 14 September 1999
1582:on 1 September 2017
1176:on 12 December 2022
814:Music Center for PC
378:battery (WM-F107).
34:
3174:Other subsidiaries
3009:Sony Pictures Core
2543:Sony Entertainment
2526:Primary businesses
2015:The New York Times
1996:The New York Times
1630:. 14 January 2021.
1624:"The Last Walkman"
1612:on 5 January 2009.
1370:walkmancentral.com
1233:The New York Times
1197:"See you in court"
1166:(on Google Books)"
802:of audio products)
767:
765:, released in 2019
601:Digital Audio Tape
589:
534:or mobile phones.
366:
333:
284:gramophone records
259:
110:(1998), a digital
32:
3229:
3228:
3184:List of libraries
3112:
3111:
3052:PlayStation Video
3002:PlayStation Store
2455:
2454:
2399:
2398:
2247:Media related to
2088:Sorrel, Charlie.
2077:. 17 August 2006.
1902:mobile-review.com
1606:www.sonystyle.com
1547:. 25 October 2010
1275:on 28 August 2011
1164:Stationary patent
818:Microsoft Windows
611:players with the
483:Impact and legacy
239:transistor radios
169:
168:
3309:
3297:Models of radios
3117:Other businesses
3035:
3034:
2548:Sony Music Group
2533:Sony Corporation
2482:
2475:
2468:
2459:
2458:
2320:
2319:
2307:List of products
2285:
2278:
2271:
2262:
2261:
2246:
2232:
2194:
2193:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2158:
2152:
2151:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1987:
1981:
1980:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1917:
1906:
1905:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1868:. 15 March 2022.
1858:
1847:
1846:
1836:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1818:Kodak Digitizing
1810:
1804:
1803:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1711:
1705:
1702:
1693:
1692:
1684:
1675:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1656:
1650:
1647:
1641:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1608:. Archived from
1598:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1578:. Archived from
1563:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1409:INSEAD Knowledge
1401:
1395:
1394:
1383:
1374:
1373:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1199:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1124:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1032:
1023:
1022:
1014:
1005:
1004:
991:
985:
984:
966:
960:
959:
929:
923:
922:
915:
909:
908:
906:
904:
881:
824:List of products
800:Signature Series
587:) Walkman player
455:
443:
431:
419:
402:
398:
303:mechanical shock
276:Compact Cassette
197:, is a brand of
196:
194:
184:
124:Sony Corporation
88:
79:
68:
59:
42:
35:
31:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3225:
3204:
3188:
3156:
3108:
3067:Anime on Demand
3057:PlayStation Vue
3033:
2997:PlayStation Now
2982:
2974:
2969:FeliCa Networks
2952:
2834:
2768:8 channel films
2619:
2612:
2521:
2500:
2491:
2486:
2456:
2451:
2420:
2395:
2344:
2311:
2298:
2289:
2240:
2235:
2221:
2202:
2197:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2160:
2159:
2155:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2131:
2129:
2121:Becker, David.
2119:
2115:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2086:
2082:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2035:. 15 July 2005.
2033:Hindustan Times
2027:
2026:
2022:
2007:
2003:
1988:
1984:
1979:. 2 March 2005.
1971:
1970:
1966:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1941:
1937:
1927:
1925:
1918:
1909:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1860:
1859:
1850:
1839:Financial Times
1829:
1825:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1802:. 11 June 2023.
1794:
1793:
1789:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1766:. 15 July 2009.
1758:
1757:
1753:
1738:
1734:
1724:
1722:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1696:
1689:Sound Souvenirs
1685:
1678:
1668:
1666:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1648:
1644:
1639:
1635:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1585:
1583:
1564:
1560:
1550:
1548:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1524:
1522:
1512:
1508:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1411:. 7 March 2012.
1403:
1402:
1398:
1385:
1384:
1377:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1324:
1322:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1292:
1288:
1278:
1276:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1251:
1247:
1237:
1235:
1225:
1221:
1211:
1209:
1204:. 17 May 1996.
1202:The Independent
1194:
1193:
1189:
1179:
1177:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1145:
1143:
1125:
1104:
1094:
1092:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1072:
1070:
1069:. 18 March 2020
1061:
1060:
1056:
1046:
1044:
1033:
1026:
1015:
1008:
993:
992:
988:
981:
967:
963:
956:
930:
926:
917:
916:
912:
902:
900:
882:
878:
874:
837:
832:
826:
755:
734:, Creative and
694:joint venture.
648:Network Walkman
640:
577:
491:
485:
472:
466:
459:
456:
447:
444:
435:
432:
423:
420:
400:
396:
390:sterling silver
322:personal stereo
251:
245:mobile phones.
176:
165:
115:
93:
92:
91:
90:
89:
81:
80:
71:
70:
69:
61:
60:
45:
28:
25:Walkman (album)
21:Personal stereo
17:
12:
11:
5:
3315:
3305:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3212:
3210:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3196:
3194:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3164:
3162:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3148:
3142:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3105:
3104:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3043:
3041:
3039:Former/Defunct
3032:
3031:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2988:
2986:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2972:
2966:
2960:
2958:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2842:
2840:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2698:HDCAM/HDCAM-SR
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2624:
2622:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2598:
2597:
2596:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2569:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2555:
2540:
2535:
2529:
2527:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2514:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2501:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2485:
2484:
2477:
2470:
2462:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2432:Walkman effect
2428:
2426:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2326:
2324:
2317:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2303:
2300:
2299:
2288:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2239:
2238:External links
2236:
2234:
2233:
2219:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2181:
2167:
2153:
2139:
2113:
2099:
2080:
2066:
2052:
2038:
2020:
2001:
1982:
1964:
1950:
1935:
1907:
1889:
1871:
1848:
1823:
1805:
1787:
1769:
1751:
1732:
1706:
1694:
1676:
1651:
1642:
1633:
1615:
1593:
1558:
1532:
1506:
1503:. 1 July 1999.
1488:
1470:
1450:
1432:
1414:
1396:
1375:
1357:
1332:
1307:
1286:
1260:
1245:
1219:
1187:
1153:
1102:
1089:"Sony History"
1080:
1054:
1024:
1006:
986:
979:
961:
954:
924:
910:
875:
873:
870:
869:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
841:Walkman effect
836:
833:
828:Main article:
825:
822:
810:
809:
803:
796:
793:
787:
781:
778:
754:
751:
639:
636:
576:
573:
564:" of a brand.
489:Walkman effect
484:
481:
470:Sony marketing
468:Main article:
465:
462:
461:
460:
457:
450:
448:
445:
438:
436:
433:
426:
424:
421:
414:
388:and plated in
250:
247:
167:
166:
164:
163:
157:
155:
151:
150:
147:
143:
142:
139:
135:
134:
131:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
94:
83:
82:
74:
73:
72:
63:
62:
54:
53:
52:
51:
50:
47:
46:
43:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3314:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3292:Sony products
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3272:Audio players
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3207:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3191:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3152:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3040:
3036:
3029:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2928:1 inch Type C
2926:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2673:Dream Machine
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2615:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2570:
2566:
2565:Sony Pictures
2563:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2553:Entertainment
2551:
2550:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2483:
2478:
2476:
2471:
2469:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2437:Sony Watchman
2435:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2402:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2314:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2301:
2297:media players
2296:
2293:
2286:
2281:
2279:
2274:
2272:
2267:
2266:
2263:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2245:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2220:0-7619-5401-5
2216:
2212:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2191:
2185:
2177:
2171:
2163:
2157:
2149:
2143:
2128:
2124:
2117:
2109:
2103:
2095:
2091:
2084:
2076:
2070:
2062:
2056:
2048:
2042:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2016:
2012:
2005:
1997:
1993:
1986:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1960:
1954:
1946:
1939:
1923:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1903:
1899:
1893:
1885:
1881:
1875:
1867:
1863:
1862:"Sony Design"
1857:
1855:
1853:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1827:
1819:
1815:
1809:
1801:
1797:
1791:
1783:
1779:
1773:
1765:
1761:
1755:
1747:
1743:
1736:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1701:
1699:
1690:
1683:
1681:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1646:
1637:
1629:
1625:
1619:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1562:
1546:
1542:
1536:
1521:
1517:
1510:
1502:
1498:
1492:
1484:
1480:
1474:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1446:
1442:
1436:
1428:
1424:
1418:
1410:
1406:
1400:
1392:
1388:
1382:
1380:
1371:
1367:
1361:
1346:
1342:
1336:
1321:
1317:
1311:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1290:
1274:
1270:
1264:
1256:
1249:
1234:
1230:
1223:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1191:
1175:
1171:
1170:New Scientist
1167:
1165:
1157:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1129:"The Walkman"
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1090:
1084:
1068:
1064:
1058:
1043:(in Japanese)
1042:
1038:
1031:
1029:
1020:
1013:
1011:
1002:
1001:
996:
990:
982:
980:9780761954026
976:
972:
965:
957:
955:1-4020-4031-8
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
928:
920:
914:
899:
895:
891:
887:
880:
876:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
856:Sony Watchman
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
838:
831:
821:
819:
815:
807:
804:
801:
797:
794:
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
772:
771:
764:
759:
753:Current range
750:
748:
744:
739:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
704:
700:
695:
693:
692:Sony Ericsson
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
635:
633:
629:
624:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
597:Video Walkman
594:
586:
581:
575:Other Walkman
572:
570:
565:
563:
559:
554:
552:
548:
543:
541:
537:
531:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
512:
506:
504:
503:
498:
497:
490:
480:
476:
471:
454:
449:
442:
437:
430:
425:
418:
413:
412:
411:
409:
404:
393:
391:
387:
382:
379:
377:
372:
362:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
339:
329:
325:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
304:
300:
296:
292:
291:Andreas Pavel
287:
285:
281:
277:
272:
271:
268:
264:
255:
246:
244:
243:Sony Ericsson
240:
236:
235:media players
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
211:
208:
204:
200:
193:
188:
180:
175:
174:
162:
159:
158:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
125:
122:
118:
113:
109:
107:
102:
98:
87:
78:
67:
58:
48:
41:
36:
30:
26:
22:
3161:Other assets
3038:
2819:
2790:Tunnel diode
2718:Memory Stick
2713:LocationFree
2618:Technologies
2512:Masaru Ibuka
2349:Discontinued
2294:
2241:
2209:
2184:
2170:
2156:
2142:
2130:. Retrieved
2126:
2116:
2102:
2093:
2083:
2069:
2055:
2041:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2004:
1995:
1985:
1976:
1967:
1953:
1944:
1938:
1926:. Retrieved
1901:
1892:
1884:www.sony.com
1883:
1874:
1865:
1838:
1826:
1817:
1808:
1799:
1790:
1781:
1772:
1763:
1754:
1745:
1735:
1723:. Retrieved
1719:Sun Sentinel
1718:
1709:
1688:
1667:. Retrieved
1663:
1654:
1645:
1636:
1627:
1618:
1610:the original
1605:
1596:
1586:17 September
1584:. Retrieved
1580:the original
1571:
1561:
1549:. Retrieved
1544:
1535:
1523:. Retrieved
1519:
1509:
1501:www.sony.net
1500:
1491:
1482:
1473:
1462:
1453:
1444:
1435:
1426:
1417:
1408:
1399:
1391:www.sony.com
1390:
1369:
1360:
1348:. Retrieved
1344:
1335:
1323:. Retrieved
1319:
1310:
1299:
1289:
1277:. Retrieved
1273:the original
1263:
1254:
1248:
1238:22 September
1236:. Retrieved
1232:
1222:
1210:. Retrieved
1201:
1190:
1178:. Retrieved
1174:the original
1169:
1163:
1156:
1144:. Retrieved
1132:
1093:. Retrieved
1083:
1071:. Retrieved
1066:
1057:
1045:. Retrieved
1040:
1018:
998:
989:
970:
964:
937:
933:
927:
913:
901:. Retrieved
889:
879:
816:software on
811:
799:
768:
740:
696:
664:flash memory
659:
656:Memory Stick
647:
641:
625:
620:
612:
604:
596:
590:
566:
555:
551:compact disc
544:
532:
509:
507:
500:
494:
492:
477:
473:
408:compact disc
405:
394:
383:
380:
367:
354:
350:
346:
342:
336:
334:
314:Masaru Ibuka
308:
288:
273:
263:Masaru Ibuka
260:
229:(originally
212:
172:
171:
170:
120:Manufacturer
111:
104:
100:
96:
29:
3019:Crunchyroll
2957:Electronics
2795:TransferJet
2785:Sony Tablet
2748:PlayStation
2594:PlayStation
2517:Akio Morita
2376:W/WS Series
2132:18 December
1866:Sony Design
1764:independent
1725:18 December
1445:Sony Design
1427:Sony Design
1366:"Sony WM-7"
1345:Radiomuseum
1320:Radiomuseum
1180:12 December
940:: 131–149.
741:Meanwhile,
666:, although
628:Sony Xperia
605:DAT Walkman
401:150 million
397:100 million
343:Sound-about
297:, but his "
267:Akio Morita
103:(2001), an
99:(1980s), a
3236:Categories
3221:Sony timer
3077:Funimation
2663:Cyber-shot
2620:and brands
2558:Publishing
2381:WM1 Series
2200:References
1704:Du Gay, 31
1649:Du Gay, 25
1551:14 January
1525:14 January
1279:14 January
846:Stereobelt
724:SonicStage
660:MS Walkman
621:CD Walkman
613:MD Walkman
562:genericide
536:Headphones
487:See also:
338:wasei-eigo
318:Norio Ohga
312:cofounder
299:Stereobelt
295:headphones
146:Units sold
101:CD Walkman
3124:Sony DADC
3102:Minisodes
2984:platforms
2921:FD series
2916:Trinitron
2876:Jumbotron
2866:Sony CLIÉ
2628:α (Alpha)
2582:Sony Bank
2577:Sony Life
2361:DD Series
2340:ZX Series
2229:651974258
1977:New Atlas
1746:The Verge
1255:The Verge
1212:24 August
1146:20 August
1141:0040-781X
898:0040-781X
806:ZX Series
668:hard disk
524:Panasonic
502:The Verge
464:Marketing
406:Portable
347:Freestyle
3072:AnimeLab
2943:Watchman
2815:Vision-S
2723:MiniDisc
2693:Handycam
2505:Founders
2411:Media Go
2404:Software
2391:Z Series
2386:X series
2371:S Series
2366:E Series
2356:B Series
2330:A Series
2316:Hardware
1928:19 April
1843:Archived
1669:16 April
1545:ABC News
1483:sony.net
1350:13 April
1325:13 April
1206:Archived
1047:8 August
1041:AV Watch
835:See also
790:S Series
784:E Series
775:A Series
761:Walkman
708:Creative
684:Sony BMG
609:MiniDisc
585:MiniDisc
516:aerobics
351:Stowaway
223:MiniDisc
192:U~ōkuman
179:Japanese
138:Lifespan
3242:Walkman
3147:(39.4%)
3097:Crackle
3082:Wakanim
3047:PlayNow
3014:SonyLIV
2933:U-matic
2896:Optiarc
2871:Discman
2861:Betamax
2851:CV-2000
2820:Walkman
2743:PlayNow
2733:MicroMV
2643:Blu-ray
2633:Betacam
2606:Aniplex
2498:History
2442:Discman
2334:NW-A810
2323:Current
2295:Walkman
2249:Walkman
1572:Gizmodo
1301:Gizmodo
921:. Sony.
903:8 March
861:Discman
736:Samsung
732:SanDisk
686:, from
617:Discman
583:An MD (
528:Toshiba
355:Walkman
280:Philips
249:History
231:Discman
187:Hepburn
173:Walkman
154:Related
112:Walkman
108:Walkman
97:Walkman
33:Walkman
3153:(4.9%)
2901:Qualia
2886:Mavica
2830:Xperia
2758:S/PDIF
2753:Reader
2728:MiniDV
2708:Inzone
2703:HMZ-T1
2688:FeliCa
2648:Bravia
2447:SRF-39
2227:
2217:
1640:Du Gay
1628:Medium
1576:Gawker
1139:
1095:17 May
1073:17 May
1000:Forbes
977:
952:
896:
763:NW-A55
720:iRiver
688:piracy
672:OpenMG
593:Video8
241:, and
183:ウォークマン
114:(2011)
3209:Other
3141:(50%)
2971:(57%)
2911:TR-55
2906:Rolly
2881:Lissa
2825:XDCAM
2683:Exmor
2638:Bionz
2425:Other
2094:Wired
1800:Stuff
872:Notes
699:Apple
676:ATRAC
632:Music
569:Ginza
547:vinyl
386:brass
376:solar
3151:Vaio
2948:WEGA
2938:Vaio
2891:NEWS
2846:AIBO
2805:Vaio
2780:SXRD
2763:SDDS
2738:mylo
2668:Dash
2658:Cell
2489:Sony
2292:Sony
2225:OCLC
2215:ISBN
2134:2022
2127:CNET
1930:2022
1727:2022
1671:2022
1588:2017
1553:2011
1527:2011
1352:2022
1327:2022
1281:2011
1240:2024
1214:2019
1182:2022
1148:2018
1137:ISSN
1133:Time
1097:2020
1075:2020
1049:2023
975:ISBN
950:ISBN
905:2023
894:ISSN
890:Time
718:and
716:Mpio
703:iPod
652:VAIO
526:and
520:Aiwa
496:Time
310:Sony
274:The
203:Sony
130:Type
3087:VRV
2856:DAT
2800:UMD
2678:DVD
1520:CNN
942:doi
728:MP3
712:Rio
701:'s
680:MP3
219:DAT
3238::
3145:M3
2653:CD
2223:.
2125:.
2092:.
2031:.
2013:.
1994:.
1975:.
1910:^
1900:.
1882:.
1864:.
1851:^
1841:.
1837:.
1816:.
1798:.
1780:.
1762:.
1744:.
1717:.
1697:^
1679:^
1662:.
1626:.
1604:.
1574:.
1570:.
1543:.
1518:.
1499:.
1481:.
1461:.
1443:.
1425:.
1407:.
1389:.
1378:^
1368:.
1343:.
1318:.
1298:.
1231:.
1200:.
1168:.
1135:.
1131:.
1105:^
1065:.
1039:.
1027:^
1009:^
997:.
948:.
938:35
892:.
888:.
714:,
710:,
634:.
522:,
227:CD
225:,
221:,
189::
185:,
181::
106:MD
3030:)
2481:e
2474:t
2467:v
2336:)
2332:(
2284:e
2277:t
2270:v
2231:.
2192:.
2178:.
2164:.
2150:.
2136:.
2096:.
2017:.
1998:.
1932:.
1904:.
1886:.
1820:.
1748:.
1729:.
1673:.
1590:.
1555:.
1529:.
1485:.
1447:.
1429:.
1393:.
1372:.
1354:.
1329:.
1304:.
1283:.
1257:.
1242:.
1216:.
1184:.
1162:"
1150:.
1099:.
1077:.
1051:.
1003:.
983:.
958:.
944::
907:.
195:)
177:(
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.svg){kind=logo}
.jpg)
