1176:
to maintain their independence. But at the same time, Wang's belief that China was too economically backward at present to win a war against a Japan which had been aggressively modernizing since the Meiji
Restoration of 1867 made him the advocate of avoiding war with Japan at almost any cost and trying to negotiate some sort of an agreement with Japan which would preserve China's independence. Chiang by contrast believed that if his modernization program was given enough time, China would win the coming war and that if the war came before his modernization plans were complete, he was willing to ally with any foreign power to defeat Japan, even including the Soviet Union, which was supporting the Chinese Communists in the civil war. Chiang was much more of a hardline anti-Communist than was Wang, but Chiang was also a self-proclaimed "realist" who was willing if necessary to have an alliance with the Soviet Union. Though in the short-run, Wang and Chiang agreed on the policy of "first internal pacification, then external resistance", in the long-run they differed as Wang was more of an appeaser while Chiang just wanted to buy time to modernize China for the coming war. The effectiveness of the KMT was constantly hindered by leadership and personal struggles, such as that between Wang and Chiang. In December 1935, Wang permanently left the premiership after being seriously wounded during an assassination attempt engineered a month earlier by
1160:. As the leader of the Kuomintang's left-wing faction and a man who had been closely associated with Dr. Sun, Chiang wanted Wang as premier both to protect the "progressive" reputation of his government which was waging a civil war with the Communists and a shield for protecting his government from widespread public criticism of Chiang's policy of "first internal pacification, then external resistance" (i.e. first defeat the Communists, then confront Japan). Despite the fact that Wang and Chiang disliked and distrusted each other, Chiang was prepared to make compromises to keep Wang on as premier. In regards to Japan, Wang and Chiang differed in that Wang was extremely pessimistic about China's ability to win the coming war with Japan (which almost everyone in 1930s China regarded as inevitable) and was opposed to alliances with any foreign powers should the war come.
1233:
1512:. They were betrothed and had an informal wedding shortly before the assassination attempt on Prince Chun and were formally married in 1912. The couple had six children, five of whom survived into adulthood. Of those who survived into adulthood, Wang's eldest son Ying (later changed to Wenying) was born in France in 1913. Wang's eldest daughter, Wenxing, was born in France in 1915, worked as a teacher in Hong Kong after 1948, retired to the US in 1984 and died in 2015. Wang's second daughter, Wang Wenbin, was born in 1920. Wang's third daughter, Wenxun, was born in Guangzhou in 1922 and died in 2002 in Hong Kong. Wang's second son, Wenti, was born in 1928 and was sentenced in 1946 to 18 months' imprisonment for being a
991:
1214:(1937–1945). During this time, he organized some right-wing groups along European fascist lines inside the KMT. Wang was originally part of the pro-war group; but, after the Japanese were successful in occupying large areas of coastal China, Wang became known for his pessimistic view on China's chances in the war against Japan. He often voiced defeatist opinions in KMT staff meetings, and continued to express his view that Western imperialism was the greater danger to China, much to the chagrin of his associates. Wang believed that China needed to reach a negotiated settlement with Japan so that Asia could resist Western Powers.
2652:
166:
846:
4960:
1544:
2659:
1135:
49:
3178:
3672:
1026:
1225:
1307:
943:(Prince Su) was believed to have been moved by Wang's confession. In his view, leniency would show the government's magnanimity and its commitment to reform. Additionally, Shanqi's advisor Cheng Jiacheng was an undercover Tongmenghui agent and there were other sympathetic officials. Finally, Tongmenghui leaders threatened reprisals if Wang were executed, and these threats may have had an intimidating effect on government officials.
1164:
2378:
4972:
3660:
838:
1069:, and for his faction's provocative land reform policies. Wang later blamed the failure of his Wuhan government on its excessive adoption of communist agendas. Wang's regime was opposed by Chiang Kai-shek, who was in the midst of a bloody purge of communists in Shanghai and was calling for a push farther north. The separation between the governments of Wang and Chiang are known as the "
4984:
1530:
1017:, Chiang successfully sent Wang and his family to vacation in Europe. It was important for Chiang to have Wang away from Guangdong while Chiang was in the process of expelling communists from the KMT because Wang was then the leader of the left wing of the KMT, notably sympathetic to communists and communism, and may have opposed Chiang if he had remained in China.
1106:". Within several weeks of Chiang's suppression of communists in Shanghai, Wang's leftist government was attacked by a KMT-aligned warlord and promptly disintegrated, leaving Chiang as the sole legitimate leader of the Republic. KMT troops occupying territories formerly controlled by Wang conducted massacres of suspected Communists in many areas: around
1445:
Since Wang's government held authority only over territories under
Japanese military occupation, there was a limited amount that officials loyal to Wang could do to ease the suffering of Chinese under Japanese occupation. Wang himself became a focal point of anti-Japanese resistance. He was demonized
1461:
The strategy of the local education system was to create a workforce suited for employment in factories and mines, and for manual labor in general. The
Japanese also attempted to introduce their culture and dress to the Chinese. Complaints and agitation called for more meaningful Chinese educational
1175:
While being opposed to any effort at this time to subordinate China to Japan, Wang also saw the "white powers" like the Soviet Union, Britain and the United States as equal if not greater dangers to China, insisting that China had to defeat Japan solely by its own efforts if the
Chinese were to hope
1499:
for "traitor" or "treason" in mainland China and Taiwan. In their rhetoric, the communist and nationalist governments would both go on to eviscerate Wang for his collaboration with the
Japanese. The Communist Party emphasized his anti-communism while the Kuomintang downplayed it—instead focusing on
1126:
to form a central government in opposition to the one headed by Chiang. Wang took part in a conference hosted by Yan to draft a new constitution, and was to serve as the Prime
Minister under Yan, who would be president. Wang's attempts to aid Yan's government ended when Chiang defeated the alliance
1261:
for its broad political, military, and economic concessions. In June 1941, Wang gave a public radio address from Tokyo in which he praised Japan and affirmed China's submission to it while criticizing the
Kuomintang government, and pledged to work with the Empire of Japan to resist Communism and
1478:
on 10 November 1944, less than a year before Japan's surrender to the Allies. Many of his senior followers who lived to see the end of the war were executed. His death was not reported in occupied China until the afternoon of 12 November, after commemorative events for Sun Yat-sen's birth had
935:
were betrothed and informally married shortly before the assassination attempt. The bomb that Wang and his cell planted was discovered, and Wang and two others who planned the assassination were arrested two weeks later. Wang readily admitted his guilt at trial and was not repentant. Wang was
1409:
Chinese under the regime had greater access to coveted wartime luxuries, and the
Japanese enjoyed things like matches, rice, tea, coffee, cigars, foods, and alcoholic drinks, all of which were scarce in Japan proper, but consumer goods became more scarce after Japan entered World War II. In
1243:
In late 1938, Wang left
Chongqing for Hanoi, French Indochina, where he stayed for three months and announced his support for a negotiated settlement with the Japanese. During this time, he was wounded in an assassination attempt by KMT agents. Wang then flew to Shanghai, where he entered
1155:
began. He had frequent disputes with Chiang and would resign in protest several times only to have his resignation rescinded. As a result of these power struggles within the KMT, Wang was forced to spend much of his time in exile. He traveled to
Germany, and maintained some contact with
1483:, in an elaborately constructed tomb. Soon after Japan's defeat, the Kuomintang government under Chiang Kai-shek moved its capital back to Nanjing, destroyed Wang's tomb, and burned the body. Today, the site is commemorated with a small pavilion that notes Wang as a traitor.
987:, and was the only member of Sun's inner circle to accompany him on trips outside of KMT-held territory in the months immediately preceding Sun's death. He is believed by many to have drafted Sun's will during the short period before Sun's death, in the winter of 1925.
1500:
his personal betrayal of Chiang Kai-shek. Moreover, the communists purported that his high rank within the KMT demonstrated a duplicitous, treasonous nature inherent to the nationalist party. Both sides chose to minimize his earlier association with Sun Yat-sen.
1046:. Although Wang collaborated closely with Chinese communists in Wuhan, he was philosophically opposed to communism and regarded the KMT's Comintern advisors with suspicion. He did not believe that Communists could be true patriots or true Chinese nationalists.
950:
the next year, when he was freed as part of a general amnesty for political prisoners, and became something of a national hero upon his release. A book of poems written by Wang during his incarceration was published after his release and became widely popular.
979:
as an observer, having declined to take a formal role with one of the competing Chinese delegations to avoid compromising his impartiality. He was outraged by the diplomatic fiasco that unfolded at the conference and the European powers' treatment of China.
1005:
He was considered one of the main contenders to replace Sun as leader of the KMT, but eventually lost control of the party and army to Chiang Kai-shek. At this time, Wang's view was that the KMT should be the lead party in a democratic coalition based on
884:. While in Japan, Wang became a close confidant of Sun Yat-sen, and would later go on to become one of the most important members of the early Kuomintang. He was among the Chinese nationalists in Japan who were influenced by
89:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
1146:
In 1931, Wang joined another anti-Chiang government in Guangzhou. After Chiang defeated this regime, Wang reconciled with Chiang's Nanjing government and held prominent posts for most of the decade. Wang was appointed
2109:
Frederic Wakeman, Jr. "Hanjian (Traitor) Collaboration and Retribution in Wartime Shanghai". In Wen-hsin Yeh, ed. Becoming Chinese: Passages to Modernity and Beyond. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000),
1432:, collaborationist Chinese police, and Chinese citizens in the service of the Japanese all worked to censor information, monitor any opposition, and torture enemies and dissenters. A "native" secret agency, the
919:
In the years leading up to the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, Wang was active in opposing the Qing government. Wang gained prominence during this period as an excellent public speaker and a staunch advocate of
2341:
Peter Kien-hong YU/俞劍鴻, WANG Jingwei: The Unknown Two New Sides/汪精衛：你不知道的真相 (New York: Bouden House/博登書屋, April 2024), and Debunking Social Science (San Francisco: www.Academia.edu., January 2022), (PDF).
876:
As a young man, Wang came to blame the Qing dynasty for holding China back, and making it too weak to fight off exploitation by Western imperialist powers. Wang studied in Japan, where he cut off his
3502:
4318:
2368:
1110:
alone, over ten thousand people were killed in a single twenty-day period. Fearing retribution as a communist sympathizer, Wang publicly claimed allegiance to Chiang before fleeing to Europe.
1183:
In 1936, Wang clashed with Chiang over foreign policy. In an ironic role reversal, the left-wing "progressive" Wang argued for accepting the German-Japanese offer of having China sign the
1854:
Dongyoun Hwang. Wang Jingwei, The National Government, and the Problem of Collaboration. PhD Dissertation, Duke University. UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 2000, p. 148.
1845:
Dongyoun Hwang. Wang Jingwei, The National Government, and the Problem of Collaboration. PhD Dissertation, Duke University. UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 2000, p. 118.
2338:. Complete re-examination of the Chinese wars with Japan which argues that the memory of 'betrayals' by Britain, America, and Russia continues to influence China's worldview today.
1251:(formally "the Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China") based in Nanjing, serving as the President of the Executive Yuan and Chairman of the National Government (
2366:
1244:
negotiations with Japanese authorities. The Japanese invasion had given him the opportunity he had long sought to establish a new government outside of Chiang Kai-shek's control.
4311:
2591:
1410:
Japan-occupied Chinese territories, the prices of basic necessities rose substantially, as Japan's war effort expanded. In Shanghai in 1941, they increased elevenfold.
4582:
4427:
4304:
3691:
2367:
1262:
Western imperialism. Wang continued to orchestrate politics within his regime in concert with Chiang's international relationship with foreign powers, seizing the
4335:
3422:
5079:
5019:
3860:
789:
for control over the Kuomintang, but lost. Wang remained inside the Kuomintang, but continued to have disagreements with Chiang until the outbreak of the
5044:
4822:
4072:
1466:
temples and similar cultural centers were built in order to instill Japanese culture and values. These activities came to a halt at the end of the war.
4867:
2237:
4791:
4770:
4760:
4682:
4616:
4411:
3417:
3162:
1413:
Daily life was often difficult in the Nanjing Nationalist government-controlled Republic of China, and grew more so as the war turned against Japan (
1626:
92:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
1049:
In early 1927, shortly before Chiang captured Shanghai and moved the capital to Nanjing, Wang's faction declared the capital of the Republic to be
1518:. After serving his sentence, Wang Wenti settled in Hong Kong and has been involved in many education projects with the mainland since the 1980s.
1438:, was created with the aid of Japanese Army "advisors". The Japanese also established prisoner-of-war detention centers, concentration camps, and
4832:
4674:
4612:
4380:
2584:
1454:
propaganda. Wang and his government were deeply unpopular with the Chinese populace, who regarded them as traitors to both the Chinese state and
4812:
4686:
4670:
4604:
4541:
4526:
4443:
4422:
4385:
4857:
4842:
4827:
4725:
4608:
4577:
4417:
1914:
5069:
4567:
4511:
4448:
4437:
1495:, Wang has been considered a traitor by most post-World War II Chinese historians in both Taiwan and mainland China. His name has become a
1257:). In November 1940, Wang's government signed the "Sino-Japanese Treaty" with the Japanese, a document that has been compared with Japan's
1054:
752:
5049:
4572:
4531:
4516:
4506:
4453:
2414:
1651:
1611:
5104:
5064:
4086:
3167:
2577:
2651:
4690:
3850:
3142:
2600:
1957:
So, Wai Chor (April 2002). "The Making of the Guomindang's Japan Policy, 1932-1937: The Roles of Chiang Kai-Shek and Wang Jingwei".
5114:
5059:
3558:
3548:
3543:
3528:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
1474:
In March 1944, Wang left for Japan to undergo medical treatment for the wound left by an assassination attempt in 1939. He died in
2267:
5074:
5029:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
1203:, feared that such an action would lead to Chiang's death and his replacement by Wang, so they successfully opposed this action.
5099:
4040:
3800:
3600:
1434:
976:
1195:, Wang favored sending a "punitive expedition" to attack Zhang. He was apparently ready to march on Zhang, but Chiang's wife,
5014:
3716:
3649:
3563:
3553:
3538:
3533:
3523:
3518:
1753:
810:
5119:
3605:
3239:
3112:
2431:
1371:
1232:
744:
825:, his collaboration with Imperial Japan is a subject of academic debate, and the typical narratives often regard him as a
4781:
3918:
1343:
1039:
958:
972:
was alleged to have been responsible for the assassination. Sun Yat-Sen summoned Wang back to China shortly thereafter.
865:
origin, Wang went to Japan as an international student sponsored by the Qing Dynasty government in 1903, and joined the
3770:
2545:
2335:
100:
2658:
1102:
Chiang Kai-shek occupied Shanghai in April 1927, and began a bloody suppression of suspected communists known as the "
821:. His legacy remains controversial among historians. Although he is still regarded as an important contributor in the
4287:
2736:
2133:
Taylor, Jeremy E. (2019). "From Traitor to Martyr: Drawing Lessons From the Death and Burial of Wang Jingwei, 1944".
2060:
2039:
2030:
Wang Jingwei. "Radio Address by Mr. Wang Jingwei, President of the Chinese Executive Yuan Broadcast on 24 June 1941"
2018:
1872:
1833:
1810:
1390:
1267:
113:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing Chinese Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
1350:
1042:, Wang was the leading figure in the left-leaning faction of the KMT that called for continued cooperation with the
954:
During and after the Xinhai Revolution, Wang's political life was defined by his opposition to Western imperialism.
5109:
5084:
5034:
4058:
3780:
2926:
2853:
2518:
1745:
1148:
220:
3736:
3627:
2155:
4327:
3244:
1328:
1074:
691:
604:
567:
480:
1357:
5089:
3913:
3584:
2034:. Cheng, Pei-Kai, Michael Lestz, and Jonathan D. Spence (Eds.). W.W. Norton and Company. (1999) pp. 330–331.
1324:
1082:
785:
for the last twenty years of Sun's life. After Sun's death in 1925 Wang engaged in a political struggle with
618:
494:
421:
5094:
5054:
4203:
3880:
2489:
2245:
1429:
990:
4135:
4095:
3958:
3870:
3147:
2427:
1797:
1339:
814:
1187:
while the right-wing "reactionary" Chiang wanted a rapprochement with the Soviet Union. During the 1936
939:
A number of factors may have contributed to Wang's receiving a life sentence instead of being executed.
4950:
4197:
4062:
3984:
3259:
3234:
1263:
1014:
1783:
Eds. Howard L. Boorman and Richard C. Howard,(New York: Columbia University Press, 1970), pp. 370–371.
1771:
Eds. Howard L. Boorman and Richard C. Howard,(New York: Columbia University Press, 1970), pp. 369–370.
5039:
5024:
3840:
3642:
3157:
3137:
2402:
1152:
1103:
273:
4010:
4000:
3105:
1451:
1211:
790:
456:
108:
4296:
2200:"Irreversible Verdict? Historical Assessments of Wang Jingwei in the People's Republic and Taiwan"
2076:
1922:
4268:
3740:
1802:
1317:
1043:
775:
2330:
Rana Mitter, "Forgotten Ally: China's World War II. 1937–1945" Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013.
165:
4648:
3944:
3940:
3820:
3030:
2862:
2569:
2460:
2199:
763:
2411:
1655:
845:
4165:
4121:
3790:
2383:
1480:
129:
5009:
5004:
3635:
2398:
1557:
928:
1364:
8:
4054:
3979:
3830:
3809:
3219:
3152:
3098:
2156:"From Traitor to Martyr: Drawing Lessons from the Death and Burial of Wang Jingwei, 1944"
1404:
1289:, and opposition to Chiang Kai-shek. Wang continued to maintain his contacts with German
1271:
1248:
1184:
1070:
1057:, Wang was notable for his close collaboration with leading communist figures, including
921:
885:
798:
736:
178:
4355:
4245:
4240:
4106:
3891:
3760:
3726:
3706:
3579:
2717:
2275:
2180:
1974:
1258:
1128:
983:
In the early 1920s, he held several posts in Sun Yat-sen's Revolutionary Government in
904:
897:
388:
61:
4020:
3989:
3954:
3000:
2331:
2219:
2184:
2056:
2035:
2014:
1978:
1868:
1829:
1806:
1749:
1188:
1007:
964:
While Wang was living in France in 1913, the Kuomintang's (KMT) parliamentary leader
877:
122:
104:
1134:
4988:
4872:
4117:
4030:
3902:
3804:
3301:
2960:
2211:
2170:
1966:
1535:
1025:
947:
735:(4 May 1883 – 10 November 1944), was a Chinese politician who was president of the
649:
525:
3657:
1627:"The Common Thread Between a Chinese Collaborator and the Chinese Communist Party"
1612:"The tragic lives of a national hero turned traitor and the wife who stayed loyal"
4902:
4892:
4882:
4797:
4710:
4225:
4193:
4145:
4131:
3327:
3286:
3045:
3020:
2881:
2528:
2423:
2418:
1995:
Hong Kong: Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. p. 66. Retrieved 12 March 2011.
1888:
Hong Kong: Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. p. 38. Retrieved 12 March 2011.
1823:
1792:
1168:
1066:
995:
911:
as an ideology that could unite a country around the idea of self-strengthening.
822:
794:
786:
374:
265:
31:
1247:
On 30 March 1940, Wang became the head of state of what came to be known as the
4932:
4887:
4817:
4255:
4250:
4235:
4090:
4082:
4050:
3667:
3249:
3065:
3060:
3015:
2857:
2808:
2793:
2787:
2550:
1970:
1286:
1196:
1192:
1139:
927:
Wang was part of a Tongmenghui cell which attempted to assassinate the regent,
771:
670:
546:
36:
1677:
4998:
4937:
4917:
4802:
4700:
4666:
4552:
4501:
4375:
4230:
4210:
3376:
3358:
3352:
3346:
3035:
2781:
2678:
2619:
2223:
2215:
2120:
806:
439:
2322:
Nationalist China at War: Military Defeats and Political Collapse, 1937–1945
1458:
identity. Wang's rule was constantly undermined by resistance and sabotage.
1010:
and that it should guide mass movements to change China's social structure.
4976:
4964:
4927:
4907:
4837:
4521:
4490:
4469:
4458:
4432:
4406:
4370:
4188:
4183:
4178:
3922:
3671:
3321:
3316:
3306:
3281:
3275:
3192:
3177:
3070:
3055:
2990:
2980:
2965:
2955:
2950:
2886:
2748:
2742:
2635:
2624:
1549:
1421:
1282:
1157:
1119:
965:
889:
818:
740:
656:
532:
342:
27:
1228:
Wang receiving German diplomats while serving as the head of state in 1941
1163:
4922:
4897:
4852:
4740:
4730:
4695:
4658:
4600:
4365:
4345:
4155:
3968:
3750:
3663:
3370:
3269:
3197:
3040:
3010:
3005:
2911:
2876:
2798:
2770:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2700:
2673:
2614:
2561:
2386:
was created from a revision of this article dated 11 April 2007
1492:
1455:
1236:
1224:
1200:
1177:
969:
908:
866:
782:
213:
20:
2301:
Chinese Collaboration with Japan, 1932–1945: The Limits of Accommodation
2175:
2098:
The storm clouds clear over China: the memoir of Chʻen Li-fu, 1900–1993.
1496:
4877:
4765:
4750:
4735:
4720:
4662:
4495:
4480:
4474:
4390:
4260:
3364:
3334:
3202:
3121:
3025:
2970:
2945:
2940:
2916:
2901:
2871:
2820:
2730:
2725:
2695:
2629:
2472:
1898:
1509:
1331: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1123:
1062:
1058:
932:
881:
760:
748:
398:
384:
111:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
2327:
Wen-Hsin Yeh, "Wartime Shanghai",Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005.
2141:
1013:
Wang had clearly lost control of the KMT by 1926, when, following the
4912:
4745:
4715:
4678:
4638:
4620:
4485:
4400:
4220:
4215:
3311:
3291:
3224:
3050:
2985:
2906:
2825:
2803:
2775:
2706:
2640:
2447:
1425:
1217:
1207:
999:
984:
893:
870:
684:
560:
338:
1306:
4847:
4807:
4755:
4562:
4557:
4546:
4536:
4463:
4326:
3340:
3229:
2995:
2975:
2837:
2831:
2814:
1899:"Portrait of a Warlord: Yen Hsi-shan in Shansi Province, 1911–1930"
1439:
1107:
862:
705:
581:
2308:
The Peace Conspiracy; Wang Ching-wei and the China war, 1937–1941
2092:
2090:
4395:
1514:
1447:
1281:", which Wang headed, was established on the Three Principles of
858:
850:
826:
802:
767:
334:
241:
2599:
1904:. Vol. 19, No. 3, May, 1960. p. 293. Retrieved 23 February 2011.
86:
4862:
4705:
3659:
2931:
2891:
2843:
2511:
2087:
1475:
1463:
1290:
1090:
940:
837:
370:
348:
253:
1277:
The Government of National Salvation of the collaborationist "
1270:
in 1943, after Western nations agreed by consensus to abolish
1113:
3090:
2490:
Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National Government
2009:
Cheng, Pei-Kai, Michael Lestz, and Jonathan D. Spence (Eds.)
1742:
Poetry, History, Memory: Wang Jingwei and China in Dark Times
1138:
Wang Jingwei (second from left) and Chen Bijun (far left) in
1050:
756:
352:
1296:
888:, and published a number of articles in journals edited by
1828:
Hong Kong: Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. p. 34.
1191:, in which Chiang was taken prisoner by his own general,
710:
696:
586:
572:
1293:
and Italian fascists he had established while in exile.
793:
in 1937, after which he accepted an invitation from the
737:
Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China
4948:
2315:
China's Bitter Victory: The War with Japan, 1937–1945
2032:
The Search for Modern China: A Documentary Collection
2011:
The Search for Modern China: A Documentary Collection
675:
661:
551:
537:
1525:
179:
Reorganized National Government of Republic of China
82:
1218:Rival presidency and alliance with the Axis Powers
1206:Wang accompanied the government on its retreat to
3163:Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang
2071:
2069:
1033:
4996:
1781:The Biographical Dictionary of Republican China.
829:with his name becoming synonymous with treason.
4328:Ministers of Education of the Republic of China
2013:, W.W. Norton and Company. (1999) pp. 330–331.
1479:concluded. Wang was buried in Nanjing near the
1020:
2493:(rival nationalist government based in Wuhan)
2461:Chairman of the National Government of the ROC
2066:
1118:Between 1929 and 1930, Wang collaborated with
994:Wang Jingwei addressing the students before a
799:Japanese-supported collaborationist government
107:accompanying your translation by providing an
73:Click for important translation instructions.
60:expand this article with text translated from
4312:
3643:
3106:
2585:
1252:
623:
609:
499:
485:
443:
5080:Republic of China politicians from Guangdong
5020:Kuomintang collaborators with Imperial Japan
2601:Heads of government of the Republic of China
1769:Biographical Dictionary of Republican China.
286:28 November 1939 – 10 November 1944
2313:James C. Hsiung and Steven I. Levine, eds.
1114:Political activities in Chiang's government
907:impressed Wang, and influenced his view of
832:
743:of Japan. He was initially a member of the
5045:Foreign ministers of the Republic of China
4319:
4305:
4087:Warlord Rebellion in northeastern Shandong
3650:
3636:
3113:
3099:
2592:
2578:
2299:David P. Barrett and Larry N. Shyu, eds.;
1878:
774:after his efforts to collaborate with the
233:28 January 1932 – 1 December 1935
164:
3143:History of the Kuomintang cultural policy
2174:
1442:training centers to indoctrinate pilots.
1391:Learn how and when to remove this message
1297:Administration of the Wang Jingwei regime
191:20 March 1940 – 10 November 1944
2394:, and does not reflect subsequent edits.
2377:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1867:, W.W. Norton and Company. pp. 338–339.
1231:
1223:
1162:
1133:
1029:Wang Jingwei and Chiang Kai-Shek in 1926
1024:
989:
946:He remained in jail from 1910 until the
844:
836:
880:and embraced theories of democracy and
4997:
4073:Third Red Spears' uprising in Shandong
3601:List of assets owned by the Kuomintang
3168:2005 Pan–Blue visits to mainland China
2424:Newspaper clippings about Wang Jingwei
2412:Chinese National Government of Nanking
2197:
2153:
4300:
3631:
3620: ; By-elections denoted with (b)
3094:
2573:
1998:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1424:to obtain needed items. The Japanese
3606:2019 Kuomintang presidential primary
3240:Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang
1739:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1329:adding citations to reliable sources
1300:
1268:International Settlement of Shanghai
849:Former residence of Wang Jingwei in
42:
5070:Presidents of the Republic of China
4782:Government of the Republic of China
2324:University of Michigan Press, 1982.
2142:https://doi.org/10.1017/jch.2017.43
2055:, W.W. Norton and Company. p. 449.
1991:Barnouin, Barbara and Yu Changgen.
1921:. 29 September 1930. Archived from
1884:Barnouin, Barbara and Yu Changgen.
1822:Barnouin, Barbara and Yu Changgen.
1420:). Local residents resorted to the
975:Wang attended the post-World War I
959:Diligent Work-Frugal Study Movement
13:
5050:Expelled members of the Kuomintang
3771:Constitutional Protection Movement
2546:President of the Republic of China
2364:
2293:
2274:. 26 November 2020. Archived from
2096:Lifu Chen and Ramon Hawley Myers.
1956:
1937:
1624:
968:was shot and died two days later.
813:until he died, shortly before the
14:
5131:
5105:People of the Northern Expedition
5065:Premiers of the Republic of China
4336:Provisional Government in Nanjing
2345:
2163:Journal of Chinese History 中國歷史學刊
1684:
1053:. While attempting to direct the
4982:
4970:
4958:
4592:National Government in Guangzhou
4059:Looting of the Eastern Mausoleum
3919:Canton Merchants' Corps Uprising
3670:
3658:
3176:
2657:
2650:
2519:Premier of the Republic of China
2376:
2268:"汪精卫儿子回国祭祖，看到父母跪像，咬牙说了10字，字字扎心！"
1746:The University of Michigan Press
1542:
1528:
1503:
1305:
1167:Wang Jingwei on a 1935 cover of
936:sentenced to life imprisonment.
827:traitor in the War of Resistance
770:, but later became increasingly
221:Premier of the Republic of China
47:
5115:20th-century presidents in Asia
5060:People of the Chinese Civil War
3990:Nationalist-Communist Civil War
2310:Harvard University Press, 1972.
2303:Stanford University Press 2001.
2260:
2230:
2191:
2147:
2127:
2113:
2103:
2045:
2024:
1985:
1907:
1891:
1857:
1848:
1839:
1816:
1786:
1316:needs additional citations for
914:
731:, widely known by his pen name
711:
697:
587:
573:
5075:World War II political leaders
5030:Chinese people of World War II
4649:Nanjing Nationalist government
3245:Three Principles of the People
3120:
1774:
1762:
1670:
1644:
1618:
1604:
1582:
1570:
1253:
1095:
1086:
1078:
1034:Leader of the Wuhan Government
781:Wang was a close associate of
676:
662:
624:
610:
552:
538:
500:
486:
444:
117:You may also add the template
19:For the Tekken character, see
16:Chinese politician (1883–1944)
1:
5100:Chinese expatriates in France
4288:Republic of China (1912–1949)
3737:Empire of China (Yuan Shikai)
3585:Presidential Palace (Nanjing)
1993:Zhou Enlai: A Political Life.
1886:Zhou Enlai: A Political Life.
1598:
1414:
1239:and Wang Jingwei meet in 1942
869:in 1905. He also adopted the
841:Wang Jingwei in his twenties.
155:
5015:People from Sanshui District
4630:National Government in Wuhan
3821:Occupation of Outer Mongolia
2927:Presidents of Executive Yuan
1902:The Journal of Asian Studies
1825:Zhou Enlai: A Political Life
1021:Rivalry with Chiang Kai-shek
778:ended in political failure.
7:
5120:Far-right politics in China
4136:Soviet invasion of Xinjiang
3871:Washington Naval Conference
3148:National Revolutionary Army
2428:20th Century Press Archives
2410:Japan's Asian Axis Allies:
2053:The Search for Modern China
2051:Spence, Jonathan D. (1999)
1865:The Search for Modern China
1863:Spence, Jonathan D. (1999)
1798:The Search for Modern China
1521:
422:Peacebuilding National Army
10:
5136:
4198:National Pacification Army
4063:Northeast Flag Replacement
3969:Zhongshan Warship Incident
3666:and warlordism during the
3235:Five Races Under One Union
2238:"Remembering Wang Jingwei"
2154:Taylor, Jeremy E. (2019).
2135:Journal of Chinese History
1971:10.1177/009770040202800203
1915:"CHINA: President Resigns"
1836:. Retrieved 12 March 2011.
1402:
1015:Zhongshan Warship Incident
811:Japanese puppet government
81:Machine translation, like
25:
18:
4780:
4647:
4629:
4591:
4354:
4334:
4285:
4161:
4151:
4141:
4127:
4113:
4101:
4078:
4068:
4046:
4036:
4026:
4016:
4006:
3996:
3974:
3964:
3950:
3936:
3914:Second Zhili–Fengtian War
3908:
3898:
3886:
3876:
3866:
3861:1st National CPC Congress
3856:
3851:Spirit Soldier rebellions
3846:
3836:
3826:
3816:
3796:
3786:
3776:
3766:
3756:
3746:
3732:
3722:
3712:
3702:
3679:
3614:
3593:
3572:
3511:
3385:
3258:
3212:
3185:
3174:
3158:Blue Sky with a White Sun
3138:History of the Kuomintang
3130:
3079:
2925:
2852:
2715:
2689:Premiers of State Council
2688:
2666:
2648:
2607:
2558:
2543:
2535:
2525:
2516:
2508:
2498:
2487:
2479:
2469:
2458:
2444:
2439:
1486:
1153:Battle of Shanghai (1932)
722:
704:
690:
683:
669:
655:
648:
643:
639:
631:
617:
603:
598:
580:
566:
559:
545:
531:
524:
519:
515:
507:
493:
479:
475:
470:
462:
452:
435:
427:
417:
412:
404:
394:
380:
360:
321:
316:
312:
302:
290:
279:
274:Wang Jingwei's Kuomintang
271:
259:
247:
237:
226:
219:
207:
195:
184:
176:
172:
163:
154:
147:
62:the corresponding article
4041:Muslim conflict in Gansu
4011:Shanghai Commune of 1927
4001:Nanking incident of 1927
3881:First Zhili–Fengtian War
2242:The Wang Jingwei Website
2216:10.1179/tcc.2002.28.1.57
1563:
1469:
1212:Second Sino-Japanese War
873:"Wang Jingwei" in 1905.
833:Early life and education
791:Second Sino-Japanese War
605:Traditional Chinese
481:Traditional Chinese
457:Second Sino-Japanese War
5110:Politicians from Foshan
5085:Chinese anti-communists
5035:Chinese revolutionaries
3959:Canton–Hong Kong strike
3741:National Protection War
2809:Vi Kyuin Wellington Koo
2204:Twentieth-Century China
2081:Encyclopædia Britannica
1803:W.W. Norton and Company
1044:Chinese Communist Party
996:demonstration in Shakee
957:Wang was a part of the
903:Japan's victory in the
776:Chinese Communist Party
619:Simplified Chinese
495:Simplified Chinese
347:(now Sanshui District,
128:For more guidance, see
3945:May Thirtieth Movement
3801:Paris Peace Conference
3616:Notes: Acting leaders
3205:(Flag, emblem creator)
2453:(acting generalissimo)
2372:
2352:Listen to this article
1240:
1229:
1199:, and brother-in-law,
1172:
1143:
1030:
1002:
977:Paris Peace Conference
854:
842:
3841:Guangdong–Guangxi War
3791:Siberian intervention
2371:
2198:Ke-wen, Wang (2002).
1481:Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum
1235:
1227:
1166:
1137:
1055:government from Wuhan
1028:
993:
848:
840:
805:. Wang served as the
759:in opposition to the
428:Years of service
177:1st President of the
130:Knowledge:Translation
119:{{Translated|zh|汪精卫}}
101:copyright attribution
5090:Chinese nationalists
4096:Sino-Soviet conflict
3751:Death of Yuan Shikai
3512:Leadership elections
3418:Extraordinary (1938)
2667:Secretaries of State
2403:More spoken articles
1740:Yang, Zhiyi (2023).
1558:Reorganization Group
1508:Wang was married to
1491:For his role in the
1325:improve this article
861:, Guangdong, but of
5095:Tongmenghui members
5055:Traitors in history
4055:Huanggutun incident
3985:Nanjing–Wuhan Split
3980:Northern Expedition
3810:May Fourth Movement
3220:Chinese unification
3153:Northern Expedition
2608:Premiers of Cabinet
2417:14 May 2006 at the
2317:M. E. Sharpe, 1992.
2248:on 15 November 2017
2176:10.1017/jch.2017.43
1793:Spence, Jonathan D.
1678:"不負少年頭：汪精衛雙照樓詩詞稿揭秘"
1446:and branded as an "
1405:Wang Jingwei regime
1272:extraterritoriality
1249:Wang Jingwei regime
1185:Anti-Comintern Pact
1075:traditional Chinese
1040:Northern Expedition
922:Chinese nationalism
896:, and the group of
4356:Beiyang government
4107:Central Plains War
3941:Yunnan–Guangxi War
3892:First United Front
3761:Manchu Restoration
3727:Twenty-One Demands
3707:Bai Lang Rebellion
3580:Huguang Guild Hall
3573:Significant venues
2440:Political offices
2373:
1925:on 30 January 2011
1897:Gillin, Donald G.
1450:" in both KMT and
1259:Twenty-one Demands
1241:
1230:
1173:
1144:
1129:Central Plains War
1083:simplified Chinese
1071:Ninghan Separation
1031:
1003:
905:Russo-Japanese War
898:Chinese anarchists
855:
843:
389:Kuomintang-Nanjing
297:Office established
202:Office established
109:interlanguage link
4946:
4945:
4823:Chung Chiao-kuang
4294:
4293:
4280:
4279:
4171:
4170:
4122:Qinghai–Tibet War
4021:Shanghai massacre
3955:Anti-Fengtian War
3928:
3927:
3717:Second Revolution
3625:
3624:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3001:Chang Chun-hsiung
2568:
2567:
2559:Succeeded by
2526:Succeeded by
2499:Succeeded by
2470:Succeeded by
2455:
2369:
1755:978-0-472-05650-7
1744:. Ann Arbor, MI:
1401:
1400:
1393:
1375:
1279:Republic of China
1264:French Concession
1104:Shanghai Massacre
1008:constitutionalism
886:Russian anarchism
823:Xinhai Revolution
726:
725:
718:
717:
692:Yale Romanization
650:Standard Mandarin
594:
593:
568:Yale Romanization
526:Standard Mandarin
466:
465:
356:
141:
140:
74:
70:
5127:
5040:Failed assassins
5025:Chinese fascists
4987:
4986:
4985:
4975:
4974:
4973:
4963:
4962:
4961:
4954:
4873:Yang Chao-hsiang
4868:Lin Ching-chiang
4321:
4314:
4307:
4298:
4297:
4272:
4269:Communist Party
4264:
4118:Sino-Tibetan War
4031:July 15 Incident
3934:
3933:
3903:Lincheng Outrage
3805:Shandong Problem
3781:Golok rebellions
3700:
3699:
3682:
3681:
3674:
3662:
3652:
3645:
3638:
3629:
3628:
3423:6th (Wang, 1939)
3302:Chiang Ching-kuo
3262:
3180:
3124:
3115:
3108:
3101:
3092:
3091:
3081:
2961:Chiang Ching-kuo
2661:
2654:
2594:
2587:
2580:
2571:
2570:
2536:Preceded by
2509:Preceded by
2480:Preceded by
2451:
2445:Preceded by
2437:
2436:
2393:
2391:
2380:
2379:
2370:
2360:
2358:
2353:
2320:Ch'i Hsi-sheng,
2288:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2278:on 2 August 2021
2264:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2244:. Archived from
2234:
2228:
2227:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2178:
2160:
2151:
2145:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2117:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2094:
2085:
2084:
2083:. 30 April 2023.
2077:"Wang Ching-wei"
2073:
2064:
2049:
2043:
2028:
2022:
2007:
1996:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1954:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1911:
1905:
1895:
1889:
1882:
1876:
1861:
1855:
1852:
1846:
1843:
1837:
1820:
1814:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1737:
1682:
1681:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1654:. Archived from
1648:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1625:Girard, Bonnie.
1622:
1616:
1615:
1614:. 28 March 2010.
1608:
1592:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1552:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1538:
1536:Biography portal
1533:
1532:
1531:
1419:
1416:
1396:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1376:
1374:
1333:
1309:
1301:
1256:
1255:
1097:
1088:
1080:
998:in June 1925 in
948:Wuchang Uprising
714:
713:
700:
699:
679:
678:
665:
664:
641:
640:
627:
626:
613:
612:
590:
589:
576:
575:
555:
554:
541:
540:
517:
516:
503:
502:
489:
488:
468:
467:
447:
446:
413:Military service
367:
364:10 November 1944
346:
331:
329:
317:Personal details
305:
293:
284:
272:1st Chairman of
262:
250:
231:
210:
198:
189:
168:
158:
145:
144:
120:
114:
87:Google Translate
72:
68:
51:
50:
43:
5135:
5134:
5130:
5129:
5128:
5126:
5125:
5124:
4995:
4994:
4993:
4983:
4981:
4971:
4969:
4959:
4957:
4949:
4947:
4942:
4903:Chiang Wei-ling
4893:Cheng Jei-cheng
4883:Huang Jong-tsun
4798:Cheng Tien-fong
4792:Chen Hsueh-ping
4784:
4776:
4771:Chen Hsueh-ping
4761:Chen Hsueh-ping
4711:Chiang Kai-shek
4683:Zhong Rongguang
4651:
4643:
4631:
4625:
4617:Zhong Rongguang
4593:
4587:
4412:Zhang Zongxiang
4358:
4350:
4338:
4330:
4325:
4295:
4290:
4281:
4276:
4270:
4262:
4172:
4132:Kumul Rebellion
4094:
4085:
4061:
4057:
4053:
3987:
3983:
3957:
3943:
3929:
3921:
3917:
3831:Zhili–Anhui War
3807:
3803:
3739:
3675:
3656:
3626:
3621:
3610:
3589:
3568:
3507:
3381:
3328:Chiang Pin-kung
3287:Chiang Kai-shek
3260:
3254:
3208:
3181:
3172:
3126:
3122:
3119:
3089:
3084:
3075:
3046:Chang San-cheng
3021:Liu Chao-shiuan
2929:
2921:
2882:Chiang Kai-shek
2860:
2848:
2711:
2684:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2646:
2603:
2598:
2564:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2531:
2529:Chiang Kai-shek
2522:
2514:
2504:
2495:
2492:
2485:
2475:
2466:
2464:(in Guangdong)
2463:
2456:
2450:
2419:Wayback Machine
2407:
2406:
2395:
2389:
2387:
2384:This audio file
2381:
2374:
2365:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2306:Gerald Bunker,
2296:
2294:Further reading
2291:
2281:
2279:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2251:
2249:
2236:
2235:
2231:
2196:
2192:
2158:
2152:
2148:
2140:, pp. 146–153.
2132:
2128:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2108:
2104:
2095:
2088:
2075:
2074:
2067:
2050:
2046:
2029:
2025:
2008:
1999:
1990:
1986:
1955:
1938:
1928:
1926:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1896:
1892:
1883:
1879:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1844:
1840:
1821:
1817:
1805:. pp. 321–322.
1791:
1787:
1779:
1775:
1767:
1763:
1756:
1738:
1685:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1661:
1659:
1658:on 26 July 2014
1650:
1649:
1645:
1635:
1633:
1623:
1619:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1595:
1587:
1583:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1548:
1543:
1541:
1534:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1506:
1489:
1472:
1417:
1407:
1397:
1386:
1380:
1377:
1334:
1332:
1322:
1310:
1299:
1220:
1116:
1036:
1023:
917:
835:
795:Japanese Empire
787:Chiang Kai-shek
698:Wōng Siuh-míhng
632:Literal meaning
508:Literal meaning
387:
381:Political party
369:
365:
345:
333:
327:
325:
303:
291:
285:
280:
266:Chiang Kai-shek
260:
248:
232:
227:
208:
196:
190:
185:
159:
156:
150:
137:
136:
135:
118:
112:
75:
52:
48:
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5133:
5123:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
4992:
4991:
4979:
4967:
4944:
4943:
4941:
4940:
4935:
4933:Yeh Jiunn-rong
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4888:Tu Cheng-sheng
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4818:Yen Chen-hsing
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4788:
4786:
4785:(1949-present)
4778:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4655:
4653:
4645:
4644:
4642:
4641:
4635:
4633:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4623:
4597:
4595:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4472:
4467:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4409:
4404:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4362:
4360:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4348:
4342:
4340:
4332:
4331:
4324:
4323:
4316:
4309:
4301:
4292:
4291:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4266:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4168:
4166:War in Ningxia
4163:
4159:
4158:
4153:
4149:
4148:
4143:
4139:
4138:
4129:
4125:
4124:
4115:
4111:
4110:
4103:
4099:
4098:
4091:Beijing Revolt
4083:Chiang-Gui War
4080:
4076:
4075:
4070:
4066:
4065:
4051:Jinan incident
4048:
4044:
4043:
4038:
4034:
4033:
4028:
4024:
4023:
4018:
4014:
4013:
4008:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3994:
3993:
3976:
3972:
3971:
3966:
3962:
3961:
3952:
3948:
3947:
3938:
3932:
3930:
3926:
3925:
3910:
3906:
3905:
3900:
3896:
3895:
3888:
3884:
3883:
3878:
3874:
3873:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3858:
3854:
3853:
3848:
3844:
3843:
3838:
3834:
3833:
3828:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3814:
3813:
3798:
3794:
3793:
3788:
3784:
3783:
3778:
3774:
3773:
3768:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3754:
3753:
3748:
3744:
3743:
3734:
3730:
3729:
3724:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3710:
3709:
3704:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3689:
3686:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3668:Nanjing decade
3655:
3654:
3647:
3640:
3632:
3623:
3622:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3608:
3603:
3597:
3595:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3582:
3576:
3574:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3515:
3513:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3389:
3387:
3386:Party congress
3383:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3367:
3362:
3355:
3350:
3343:
3338:
3331:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3272:
3266:
3264:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3250:Zhonghua minzu
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3200:
3195:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3182:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3118:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3095:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3073:
3068:
3066:Chen Chien-jen
3063:
3061:Su Tseng-chang
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3016:Su Tseng-chang
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2937:
2935:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2868:
2866:
2863:Mainland China
2858:Executive Yuan
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2835:
2829:
2823:
2818:
2812:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2794:Zhang Shaozeng
2791:
2788:Wang Zhengting
2785:
2779:
2773:
2768:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2728:
2722:
2720:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2698:
2692:
2690:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2676:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2663:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2638:
2633:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2611:
2609:
2605:
2604:
2597:
2596:
2589:
2582:
2574:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2557:
2551:Nanjing regime
2542:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2524:
2515:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2497:
2486:
2481:
2477:
2476:
2471:
2468:
2457:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2421:
2396:
2382:
2375:
2363:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2346:External links
2344:
2343:
2342:
2339:
2336:978-0618894253
2328:
2325:
2318:
2311:
2304:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2259:
2229:
2190:
2169:(3): 137–158.
2146:
2126:
2121:"Wang Jingwei"
2112:
2102:
2100:p. 141. (1994)
2086:
2065:
2044:
2023:
1997:
1984:
1965:(2): 213–251.
1936:
1906:
1890:
1877:
1856:
1847:
1838:
1815:
1785:
1773:
1761:
1754:
1683:
1669:
1643:
1617:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1590:Wang Ching-wei
1581:
1578:Wang Chao-ming
1568:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1539:
1523:
1520:
1505:
1502:
1488:
1485:
1471:
1468:
1403:Main article:
1399:
1398:
1340:"Wang Jingwei"
1313:
1311:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1287:anti-communism
1219:
1216:
1197:Soong Mei-ling
1193:Zhang Xueliang
1189:Xi'an Incident
1140:British Malaya
1115:
1112:
1096:Nínghàn Fenlìe
1035:
1032:
1022:
1019:
916:
913:
834:
831:
772:anti-communist
724:
723:
720:
719:
716:
715:
708:
702:
701:
694:
688:
687:
685:Yue: Cantonese
681:
680:
677:Wang Chao-ming
673:
667:
666:
659:
653:
652:
646:
645:
644:Transcriptions
637:
636:
633:
629:
628:
621:
615:
614:
607:
601:
600:
596:
595:
592:
591:
584:
578:
577:
574:Wōng Jīng-waih
570:
564:
563:
561:Yue: Cantonese
557:
556:
553:Wang Ching-wei
549:
543:
542:
535:
529:
528:
522:
521:
520:Transcriptions
513:
512:
509:
505:
504:
497:
491:
490:
483:
477:
476:
473:
472:
464:
463:
460:
459:
454:
450:
449:
437:
433:
432:
429:
425:
424:
419:
418:Branch/service
415:
414:
410:
409:
406:
402:
401:
396:
392:
391:
382:
378:
377:
368:(aged 61)
362:
358:
357:
323:
319:
318:
314:
313:
310:
309:
306:
300:
299:
294:
288:
287:
277:
276:
269:
268:
263:
257:
256:
251:
245:
244:
239:
235:
234:
224:
223:
217:
216:
211:
205:
204:
199:
193:
192:
182:
181:
174:
173:
170:
169:
161:
160:
152:
151:
148:
139:
138:
134:
133:
126:
115:
93:
90:
79:
76:
69:(January 2024)
57:
56:
55:
53:
46:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5132:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5002:
5000:
4990:
4980:
4978:
4968:
4966:
4956:
4955:
4952:
4939:
4938:Pan Wen-chung
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4918:Pan Wen-chung
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4833:Chiang Yen-si
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4803:Chang Chi-yun
4801:
4799:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4789:
4787:
4783:
4779:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4701:Jiang Menglin
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4676:
4675:Jin Zengcheng
4672:
4668:
4667:Wang Zhaoming
4664:
4660:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4650:
4646:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4628:
4622:
4618:
4614:
4613:Jin Zengcheng
4610:
4606:
4602:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4590:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4553:Zhang Shizhao
4551:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4502:Wang Chonghui
4500:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4381:Chen Zhenxian
4379:
4377:
4376:Liu Guanxiong
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4357:
4353:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4337:
4333:
4329:
4322:
4317:
4315:
4310:
4308:
4303:
4302:
4299:
4289:
4284:
4273:
4267:
4265:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4167:
4164:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4133:
4130:
4126:
4123:
4119:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4097:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4077:
4074:
4071:
4067:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4049:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4035:
4032:
4029:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4015:
4012:
4009:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3986:
3982:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3963:
3960:
3956:
3953:
3949:
3946:
3942:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3924:
3920:
3916:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3875:
3872:
3869:
3865:
3862:
3859:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3845:
3842:
3839:
3835:
3832:
3829:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3806:
3802:
3799:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3785:
3782:
3779:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3755:
3752:
3749:
3745:
3742:
3738:
3735:
3731:
3728:
3725:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3653:
3648:
3646:
3641:
3639:
3634:
3633:
3630:
3619:
3613:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3514:
3510:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3378:
3377:Johnny Chiang
3375:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3359:Lin Junq-tzer
3356:
3354:
3353:Hung Hsiu-chu
3351:
3349:
3348:
3347:Huang Min-hui
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3336:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3263:
3257:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3179:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3116:
3111:
3109:
3104:
3102:
3097:
3096:
3093:
3078:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3036:Jiang Yi-huah
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2928:
2924:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2782:Wang Chonghui
2780:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2718:State Council
2714:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2680:
2679:Lu Zhengxiang
2677:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2660:
2653:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2620:Lu Zhengxiang
2618:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2595:
2590:
2588:
2583:
2581:
2576:
2575:
2572:
2563:
2554:
2552:
2547:
2540:
2534:
2530:
2521:
2520:
2513:
2507:
2503:
2494:
2491:
2484:
2478:
2474:
2465:
2462:
2454:
2449:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2416:
2413:
2409:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2385:
2340:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2312:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2298:
2297:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2263:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2233:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2194:
2186:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2143:
2139:
2136:
2130:
2122:
2116:
2106:
2099:
2093:
2091:
2082:
2078:
2072:
2070:
2062:
2061:0-393-97351-4
2058:
2054:
2048:
2041:
2040:0-393-97372-7
2037:
2033:
2027:
2020:
2019:0-393-97372-7
2016:
2012:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1994:
1988:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1924:
1920:
1919:TIME Magazine
1916:
1910:
1903:
1900:
1894:
1887:
1881:
1874:
1873:0-393-97351-4
1870:
1866:
1860:
1851:
1842:
1835:
1834:962-996-280-2
1831:
1827:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1811:0-393-97351-4
1808:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1782:
1777:
1770:
1765:
1757:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1679:
1673:
1657:
1653:
1647:
1632:
1628:
1621:
1613:
1607:
1603:
1591:
1585:
1579:
1573:
1569:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1540:
1537:
1526:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1504:Personal life
1501:
1498:
1494:
1484:
1482:
1477:
1467:
1465:
1462:development.
1459:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1411:
1406:
1395:
1392:
1384:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1342: –
1341:
1337:
1336:Find sources:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1314:This section
1312:
1308:
1303:
1302:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1250:
1245:
1238:
1234:
1226:
1222:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1179:
1170:
1165:
1161:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1098:
1092:
1084:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1027:
1018:
1016:
1011:
1009:
1001:
997:
992:
988:
986:
981:
978:
973:
971:
967:
962:
960:
955:
952:
949:
944:
942:
937:
934:
930:
925:
923:
912:
910:
906:
901:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
874:
872:
868:
864:
860:
852:
847:
839:
830:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
807:head of state
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
779:
777:
773:
769:
765:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
729:Wang Zhaoming
721:
712:Wong Siu-ming
709:
707:
703:
695:
693:
689:
686:
682:
674:
672:
668:
663:Wāng Zhàomíng
660:
658:
654:
651:
647:
642:
638:
634:
630:
622:
620:
616:
608:
606:
602:
599:Wang Zhaoming
597:
588:Wong Zing-wai
585:
583:
579:
571:
569:
565:
562:
558:
550:
548:
544:
536:
534:
530:
527:
523:
518:
514:
510:
506:
498:
496:
492:
484:
482:
478:
474:
469:
461:
458:
455:
451:
441:
440:Generalissimo
438:
434:
430:
426:
423:
420:
416:
411:
407:
403:
400:
397:
393:
390:
386:
383:
379:
376:
372:
363:
359:
354:
351:, Guangdong,
350:
344:
340:
336:
324:
320:
315:
311:
307:
301:
298:
295:
289:
283:
278:
275:
270:
267:
264:
258:
255:
252:
246:
243:
240:
236:
230:
225:
222:
218:
215:
212:
206:
203:
200:
194:
188:
183:
180:
175:
171:
167:
162:
153:
146:
143:
131:
127:
124:
116:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
91:
88:
84:
80:
78:
77:
71:
65:
63:
58:You can help
54:
45:
44:
39:
38:
33:
29:
22:
4928:Yao Leeh-ter
4908:Chen Der-hwa
4838:Lee Yuan-tsu
4813:Huang Chi-lu
4687:Zhang Naiyan
4671:Xu Chongqing
4605:Gan Naiguang
4542:Wang Jiuling
4527:Zhang Guogan
4522:Fan Yuanlian
4491:Huang Yanpei
4470:Huang Yanpei
4459:Fan Yuanlian
4444:Fu Zengxiang
4433:Fan Yuanlian
4423:Zhang Guogan
4407:Tang Hualong
4386:Dong Hongwei
4371:Fan Yuanlian
4105:
3988:
3978:
3923:Beijing Coup
3912:
3890:
3808:
3617:
3369:
3357:
3345:
3333:
3326:
3322:Wu Po-hsiung
3317:Ma Ying-jeou
3307:Lee Teng-hui
3297:Wang Jingwei
3296:
3282:Zhang Renjie
3276:Song Jiaoren
3274:
3193:Song Jiaoren
3071:Cho Jung-tai
3056:Lai Ching-te
2991:Vincent Siew
2981:Hau Pei-tsun
2966:Sun Yun-suan
2956:Yen Chia-kan
2951:Yu Hung-chun
2897:Wang Jingwei
2896:
2887:Chen Mingshu
2749:Gong Xinzhan
2743:Qian Nengxun
2737:Wang Shizhen
2716:Premiers of
2636:Xiong Xiling
2625:Zhao Bingjun
2544:
2538:
2517:
2501:
2488:
2482:
2459:
2452:
2321:
2314:
2307:
2300:
2280:. Retrieved
2276:the original
2271:
2262:
2250:. Retrieved
2246:the original
2241:
2232:
2210:(1): 57–81.
2207:
2203:
2193:
2166:
2162:
2149:
2137:
2134:
2129:
2115:
2105:
2097:
2080:
2052:
2047:
2031:
2026:
2010:
1992:
1987:
1962:
1959:Modern China
1958:
1927:. Retrieved
1923:the original
1918:
1909:
1901:
1893:
1885:
1880:
1864:
1859:
1850:
1841:
1824:
1818:
1796:
1788:
1780:
1776:
1768:
1764:
1741:
1672:
1660:. Retrieved
1656:the original
1646:
1634:. Retrieved
1631:The Diplomat
1630:
1620:
1606:
1589:
1584:
1577:
1572:
1550:China portal
1513:
1507:
1490:
1473:
1460:
1448:arch-traitor
1444:
1433:
1422:black market
1412:
1408:
1387:
1378:
1368:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1335:
1323:Please help
1318:verification
1315:
1283:Pan-Asianism
1278:
1276:
1246:
1242:
1221:
1205:
1182:
1174:
1158:Adolf Hitler
1151:just as the
1145:
1120:Feng Yuxiang
1117:
1101:
1094:
1048:
1037:
1012:
1004:
982:
974:
966:Song Jiaoren
963:
956:
953:
945:
938:
926:
918:
915:Early career
902:
890:Zhang Renjie
875:
856:
819:World War II
780:
751:, leading a
741:puppet state
733:Wang Jingwei
732:
728:
727:
657:Hanyu Pinyin
635:(birth name)
539:Wāng Jīngwèi
533:Hanyu Pinyin
471:Wang Jingwei
453:Battles/wars
366:(1944-11-10)
304:Succeeded by
296:
281:
261:Succeeded by
228:
209:Succeeded by
201:
186:
149:Wang Jingwei
142:
105:edit summary
96:
67:
59:
35:
28:Chinese name
5010:1944 deaths
5005:1883 births
4923:Wu Maw-kuen
4898:Wu Ching-ji
4858:Kuo Wei-fan
4853:Mao Kao-wen
4843:Chu Hui-sen
4828:Lo Yun-ping
4741:Wang Shijie
4731:Weng Wenhao
4726:Duan Xipeng
4696:Cai Yuanpei
4659:Cai Yuanpei
4652:(1927-1949)
4609:Xu Chongzhi
4601:Chen Gongbo
4578:Ren Kecheng
4418:Zhang Yilin
4366:Cai Yuanpei
4359:(1912-1928)
4346:Cai Yuanpei
4261:Kuomintang
4246:New Guangxi
4241:Old Guangxi
4156:Two-Liu war
4146:Han–Liu War
3664:Warlord Era
3503:21st (2021)
3498:20th (2017)
3493:19th (2013)
3488:18th (2009)
3483:17th (2005)
3478:16th (2001)
3473:15th (1997)
3468:14th (1993)
3463:13th (1988)
3458:12th (1981)
3453:11th (1976)
3448:10th (1969)
3371:Lin Rong-te
3270:Sun Yat-sen
3198:Sun Yat-sen
3041:Mao Chi-kuo
3011:Frank Hsieh
3006:Yu Shyi-kun
2912:Weng Wenhao
2877:T. V. Soong
2799:Gao Lingwei
2771:Liang Shiyi
2765:Yan Huiqing
2760:Sa Zhenbing
2755:Jin Yunpeng
2701:Wu Tingfang
2674:Xu Shichang
2615:Tang Shaoyi
2562:Chen Gongbo
1929:24 February
1493:Pacific War
1456:Han Chinese
1418: 1943
1254:行政院長兼國民政府主席
1237:Hideki Tojo
1210:during the
1201:T. V. Soong
1178:Wang Yaqiao
1038:During the
970:Yuan Shikai
931:. Wang and
929:Prince Chun
909:nationalism
867:Tongmenghui
783:Sun Yat-sen
308:Chen Gongbo
292:Preceded by
249:Preceded by
214:Chen Gongbo
197:Preceded by
32:family name
21:Wang Jinrei
4999:Categories
4878:Ovid Tzeng
4766:Han Lih-wu
4751:Zhu Jiahua
4736:Zhu Jiahua
4721:Zhu Jiahua
4568:Hu Renyuan
4512:Peng Yunyi
4496:Gao Enhong
4481:Qi Yaoshan
4475:Qi Yaoshan
4449:Yuan Xitao
4438:Yuan Xitao
4428:Sun Hongyi
4391:Wang Daxie
4204:Zhili Army
3618:italicised
3443:9th (1963)
3438:8th (1957)
3433:7th (1952)
3428:6th (1945)
3413:5th (1935)
3408:4th (1931)
3403:3rd (1929)
3398:2nd (1926)
3393:1st (1924)
3365:Wu Den-yih
3335:Wu Den-yih
3203:Lu Haodong
3123:Kuomintang
3026:Wu Den-yih
2971:Yu Kuo-hwa
2946:Chen Cheng
2941:Yan Xishan
2917:He Yingqin
2902:H. H. Kung
2872:Tan Yankai
2854:Presidents
2821:Xu Shiying
2731:Wang Daxie
2726:Duan Qirui
2696:Duan Qirui
2630:Duan Qirui
2556:1940–1944
2523:1932–1935
2473:Tan Yankai
2467:1925-1926
2399:Audio help
2390:2007-04-11
1599:References
1510:Chen Bijun
1381:March 2019
1351:newspapers
1124:Yan Xishan
1063:Chen Duxiu
1059:Mao Zedong
933:Chen Bijun
900:in Paris.
882:liberalism
797:to form a
764:government
761:right-wing
753:government
749:Kuomintang
671:Wade–Giles
547:Wade–Giles
511:(pen name)
399:Chen Bijun
385:Kuomintang
332:4 May 1883
328:1883-05-04
64:in Chinese
4989:Biography
4913:Wu Se-hwa
4746:Chen Lifu
4716:Li Shuhua
4679:Chu Minyi
4663:Li Yuying
4639:Gu Mengyu
4621:Chu Minyi
4573:Huang Guo
4532:Huang Guo
4517:Huang Guo
4507:Tang Erhe
4486:Zhou Ziqi
4454:Fu Yuefen
4401:Cai Rukai
4251:Guangdong
4216:Guominjun
4128:1931–1935
4114:1930–1932
4069:1928–1929
4037:1927–1930
3975:1926–1928
3951:1925–1926
3887:1923–1927
3867:1921–1922
3847:1920–1926
3837:1920–1921
3817:1919–1921
3787:1918–1920
3777:1917–1929
3767:1917–1922
3733:1915–1916
3703:1911–1914
3688:1925–1934
3685:1915–1924
3312:Lien Chan
3292:Hu Hanmin
3225:Chiangism
3051:Lin Chuan
3031:Sean Chen
2986:Lien Chan
2907:Zhang Qun
2826:Jia Deyao
2804:Sun Baoqi
2776:Zhou Ziqi
2707:Li Jingxi
2641:Sun Baoqi
2448:Hu Hanmin
2224:1521-5385
2185:165679316
1979:143785141
1636:1 October
1452:Communist
1426:Kempeitai
1208:Chongqing
1000:Guangzhou
985:Guangzhou
894:Wu Zhihui
871:sobriquet
809:for this
745:left wing
431:1940–1944
282:In office
238:President
229:In office
187:In office
123:talk page
4848:Lee Huan
4808:Mei Yiqi
4794:(acting)
4773:(acting)
4756:Mei Yiqi
4563:Ma Junwu
4558:Yi Peiji
4549:(acting)
4547:Ma Xulun
4537:Yi Peiji
4498:(acting)
4477:(acting)
4466:(acting)
4464:Ma Linyi
4440:(acting)
4414:(acting)
4403:(acting)
4226:Xinjiang
4194:Fengtian
3692:Factions
3594:See also
3559:2020 (b)
3549:2016 (b)
3544:2015 (b)
3529:2007 (b)
3341:Eric Chu
3230:Dang Guo
3213:Ideology
3186:Founders
2996:Tang Fei
2976:Lee Huan
2838:Du Xigui
2832:Hu Weide
2815:Huang Fu
2415:Archived
2401: ·
2282:2 August
1522:See also
1440:kamikaze
1266:and the
1171:magazine
1108:Changsha
863:Zhejiang
857:Born in
706:Jyutping
582:Jyutping
405:Children
99:provide
26:In this
4951:Portals
4691:Wei Que
4583:Liu Zhe
4396:Yan Xiu
4256:Guizhou
4236:Sichuan
4179:Beiyang
4089:(incl.
3261:Leaders
3131:History
3082:*acting
2430:of the
2426:in the
2388: (
2359:minutes
2272:NetEase
1795:(1999)
1662:17 July
1515:hanjian
1365:scholar
1149:premier
1142:, 1935.
1127:in the
1067:Borodin
859:Sanshui
851:Nanjing
803:Nanjing
768:Nanjing
747:of the
335:Sanshui
242:Lin Sen
121:to the
103:in the
66:.
4863:Wu Jin
4706:Gao Lu
4632:(1927)
4594:(1926)
4339:(1912)
4231:Yunnan
4211:Shanxi
2932:Taiwan
2892:Sun Fo
2844:Pan Fu
2512:Sun Fo
2334:
2252:30 May
2222:
2183:
2059:
2038:
2017:
1977:
1871:
1832:
1809:
1752:
1652:"資源訊息"
1497:byword
1487:Legacy
1476:Nagoya
1464:Shinto
1367:
1360:
1353:
1346:
1338:
1093::
1091:pinyin
1085::
1077::
1065:, and
941:Shanqi
395:Spouse
371:Nagoya
349:Foshan
339:Canton
254:Sun Fo
30:, the
4977:Japan
4965:China
4271:(CCP)
4263:(KMT)
4189:Zhili
4184:Anhui
2496:1927
2181:S2CID
2159:(PDF)
1975:S2CID
1564:Notes
1470:Death
1430:Tokko
1372:JSTOR
1358:books
1291:Nazis
1051:Wuhan
878:queue
757:Wuhan
375:Japan
353:China
343:China
83:DeepL
4162:1934
4152:1932
4142:1932
4102:1930
4079:1929
4047:1928
4027:1927
4017:1927
4007:1927
3997:1927
3965:1926
3937:1925
3909:1924
3899:1923
3877:1922
3857:1921
3827:1920
3797:1919
3757:1917
3747:1916
3723:1915
3713:1913
3564:2021
3554:2017
3539:2013
3534:2009
3524:2005
3519:2001
2539:None
2502:None
2483:None
2332:ISBN
2284:2021
2254:2017
2220:ISSN
2110:322.
2057:ISBN
2036:ISBN
2015:ISBN
1931:2011
1869:ISBN
1830:ISBN
1807:ISBN
1750:ISBN
1664:2014
1638:2023
1435:Tewu
1344:news
1169:Time
1122:and
1087:宁汉分裂
1079:寧漢分裂
739:, a
445:特級上將
436:Rank
361:Died
322:Born
97:must
95:You
37:Wang
2856:of
2432:ZBW
2212:doi
2171:doi
1967:doi
1588:or
1576:or
1327:by
1099:).
1073:" (
817:of
815:end
801:in
766:in
755:in
625:汪兆铭
611:汪兆銘
501:汪精卫
487:汪精衞
157:汪精衞
85:or
34:is
5001::
4221:Ma
4200:)
4134:/
4120:/
2553:)
2270:.
2240:.
2218:.
2208:28
2206:.
2202:.
2179:.
2165:.
2161:.
2089:^
2079:.
2068:^
2000:^
1973:.
1963:28
1961:.
1939:^
1917:.
1801:,
1748:.
1686:^
1629:.
1428:,
1415:c.
1285:,
1274:.
1180:.
1131:.
1089:;
1081:;
1061:,
961:.
924:.
892:,
373:,
341:,
337:,
4953::
4689:/
4685:/
4681:/
4677:/
4673:/
4669:/
4665:/
4661:/
4619:/
4615:/
4611:/
4607:/
4603:/
4320:e
4313:t
4306:v
4196:(
4093:)
3651:e
3644:t
3637:v
3114:e
3107:t
3100:v
2934:)
2930:(
2865:)
2861:(
2840:*
2834:*
2828:*
2817:*
2811:*
2790:*
2784:*
2778:*
2767:*
2751:*
2745:*
2739:*
2733:*
2703:*
2681:*
2643:*
2632:*
2593:e
2586:t
2579:v
2549:(
2405:)
2397:(
2392:)
2361:)
2357:6
2354:(
2286:.
2256:.
2226:.
2214::
2187:.
2173::
2167:3
2144:.
2138:3
2123:.
2063:.
2042:.
2021:.
1981:.
1969::
1933:.
1875:.
1813:.
1758:.
1680:.
1666:.
1640:.
1394:)
1388:(
1383:)
1379:(
1369:·
1362:·
1355:·
1348:·
1321:.
853:.
448:)
442:(
408:6
355:)
330:)
326:(
132:.
125:.
40:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
