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420:(and some English loanwords) is often used as a method for speaking about taboo and controversial topics in a safe and neutral way. Further, being non-native Japanese words and marked as foreign in their writing, they can be associated with concepts and subjects that are non-normal, or uncommon in Japan.
349:
Since
English loanwords are adopted into Japan intentionally (as opposed to diffusing "naturally" through language contact, etc.), the meaning often deviates from the original. When these loanwords become so deeply embedded in the Japanese lexicon, it leads to experimentation and re-fashioning of the
346:, which was an important factor in Japan's modernization. Because they were so quickly accepted into Japanese society, there was not a thorough understanding of the actual meaning of the word, leading to misinterpretations and deviations from their original meaning.
366:
terms is the media, in order to create interest and novelty in their advertising and products. The use of
English words is also an attempt by advertisers to portray a modern, cosmopolitan image – one that is often associated with Western culture.
303:, the misuse or corruption of the English language by native Japanese speakers, as it consists of words used in Japanese conversation, not an attempt at speaking English. These include acronyms and initialisms particular to Japan (see
416:, making it apparent that they are words non-native to Japan. This constant reminder that these are loanwords, and not natively Japanese, links the meanings of the words with the idea of "foreignness". Because of this,
270:, which refers simply to loanwords or "words from abroad". Some of the main contributors to this confusion are the phonological and morphological transformations that they undergo to suit
143:
expressions that are based on
English words, or on parts of English phrases, but do not exist in standard English, or do not have the meanings that they have in standard English. In
518:
286:, on the other hand, is the re-working of and experimentation with these words that results in an entirely novel meaning as compared to the original intended meaning.
383:
is youth and women. Many
Japanese consider English loanword usage to be more casual and as being used mainly among peers of the same status. In addition, many
1971:
173:
derived from
English and embedded into the Japanese lexicon with refashioned, novel meanings diverging significantly from the originals. An example is
1822:
452:
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278:. These transformations often result in truncated (or "backclipped") words and words with extra vowels inserted to accommodate the Japanese
2018:
497:
Miller, L. (1998). Wasei eigo: English "loanwords" coined in Japan. The life of language: Papers in linguistics in honor of
William Bright.
765:
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137:, meaning "Japanese-made English", from "wasei" (Japanese made) and "eigo" (English), in other words, "English words coined in Japan")
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644:. Trends in Linguistics: Studies and Monographs. Vol. 108. Berlin: Mouton / De Gruyter. pp. 123–139.
46:
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Hogan, J. (2003). The social significance of
English usage in Japan. Japanese studies, 23(1).
231:. In other cases, a word may simply have gained a slightly different meaning; for instance,
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may be used to express a poetic and emphatic need of the speaker, resulting in a new term.
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MacGregor, Laura (2003). The language of shop signs in Tokyo. English Today, null, pp 18
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are subsequently borrowed from
Japanese into other languages, including English itself.
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There was a large influx of
English loanwords introduced to Japan during the
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Miura, Akira (1998). English in
Japanese: a selection of useful loanwords.
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words are used to camouflage risqué terms and ideas, such as the famous
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Though there is disagreement about the assumption that the majority of
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The Life of Language: Papers in Linguistics in Honor of William Bright
509:"12 "Made-in-Japan" English Terms that Might Confuse English Speakers"
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KAY, G. (1995), English loanwords in Japanese. World Englishes, 14.
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does not mean "cunning", but "cheating" (on an academic test). Some
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are created by advertisers, the audience that predominantly uses
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Katakana Shingo-jiten (Katakana by Example New Word Dictionary)
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573:[Embarrassing Japanese-English Words Stephen Walsh]
1471:
704:
English in Japanese : a selection of useful loanwords
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640:. In Hill, Jane H.; Mistry, P.J.; Campbell, Lyle (eds.).
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Many scholars agree that the main proponent behind these
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are constructed by Japanese speakers on the basis of
706:(1. Weatherhill ed.). New York : Weatherhill.
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
403:(service) associated with taboo topics. Finally,
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453:List of Japanese Latin alphabetic abbreviations
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305:list of Japanese Latin alphabetic abbreviations
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202:terms are not recognizable as English words in
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662:Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary
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664:(4th ed.). Tokyo: Kenkyusha Limited.
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466:, sometimes considered an Anglo-Japanese
410:English loanwords are usually written in
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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460:– the same phenomenon in Korean language
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638:: English 'loanwords' Coined in Japan"
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
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371:Social connotations and main users
350:words' meaning, thus resulting in
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570:恥ずかしい和製英語 [著]スティーブン・ウォルシュ
567:Nagae, Akira (October 28, 2005).
507:Ellen Freeman (15 January 2016).
194:", with the full phrase meaning
147:, they are classified as pseudo-
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521:from the original on 2019-05-28
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34:needs additional citations for
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1910:Kanji pronunciation sources
1684:Katakana Phonetic Extensions
16:Pseudo-loanwords in Japanese
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2019:Speculative fiction writers
1578:Transcription into Japanese
577:(in Japanese). Weekly Asahi
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264:is often confused with
632:Miller, Laura (1997).
1855:Court lady language (
1325:Southern Amami Ōshima
1258:Yilan Creole Japanese
736:Wiktionary entry for
702:Miura, Akira (1998).
687:] (in Japanese).
1674:Small Kana Extension
1285:Eastern Old Japanese
924:Northern Izu Islands
332:(Chinese compounds))
282:syllabic structure.
43:improve this article
2059:Japanese vocabulary
1225:Pidgins and creoles
338:History and process
326:, Japanese-created
311:can be compared to
2026:Classical Japanese
1873:Gender differences
1709:Extended shinjitai
272:Japanese phonology
188:, "handle-keeper")
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153:pseudo-anglicisms
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32:This article
30:
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1972:In Esperanto
1942:Romanization
1896:Pitch accent
1878:Dictionaries
1865:
1857:nyōbō kotoba
1856:
1829:
1810:
1809:Loan words (
1796:
1780:Topic marker
1694:ARIB STD B24
1440:by frequency
1320:Amami Ōshima
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1096:East San'in
1080:
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804:Early Modern
794:Early Middle
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579:. Retrieved
562:
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523:. Retrieved
514:Mental Floss
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358:In the media
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344:Meiji period
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167:portmanteaus
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72:
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58:"Wasei-eigo"
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1952:Nihon-shiki
1835:Wasei-kango
1770:Possessives
1730:Grammar and
1563:Modern kana
1548:Punctuation
1529:Orthography
1350:Tokunoshima
962:Gifu-Aichi
932:Tōkai–Tōsan
799:Late Middle
738:handorukīpā
435:Wasei-kango
315:wasei-kango
210:sukinshippu
177:handorukīpā
145:linguistics
2054:Wasei-eigo
2048:Categories
1996:Literature
1866:yakuwarigo
1850:Honorifics
1830:Wasei-eigo
1818:from Dutch
1765:Adjectives
1732:vocabulary
1510:Hentaigana
1505:Man'yōgana
1345:Okinoerabu
1049:Okuyoshino
729:Wasei-eigo
713:0834804212
636:Wasei eigo
525:2019-09-19
474:References
446:wasei-eigo
418:wasei-eigo
405:wasei-eigo
393:love hotel
385:wasei-eigo
381:wasei-eigo
377:wasei-eigo
364:wasei-eigo
352:wasei-eigo
309:Wasei-eigo
295:Wasei-eigo
284:Wasei-eigo
262:Wasei-eigo
248:wasei-eigo
200:wasei-eigo
159:Wasei-eigo
124:Wasei-eigo
69:newspapers
1888:Phonology
1775:Particles
1714:Half/Full
1644:Shift JIS
1573:Yotsugana
1553:Kanazukai
1495:Okurigana
1407:Logograms
1019:Shiramine
864:Southern
844:Northern
276:syllabary
171:loanwords
149:loanwords
1811:gairaigo
1790:Numerals
1760:Pronouns
1699:Enclosed
1679:Katakana
1654:Hiragana
1650:Unicode
1605:ISO/IEC
1587:Encoding
1490:Furigana
1485:Katakana
1480:Hiragana
1382:Yonaguni
1362:Southern
1340:Okinawan
1335:Kunigami
1315:Northern
1307:Ryukyuan
1248:Kyowa-go
1179:Tsushima
1169:Nagasaki
1164:Kumamoto
1152:Chikuzen
1016:Kanazawa
1006:Hokuriku
941:Shizuoka
908:Eastern
897:Kanagawa
888:Western
833:Hokkaidō
814:Dialects
731:examples
581:July 29,
519:Archived
458:Konglish
442:gairaigo
440:List of
424:See also
413:katakana
397:massaaji
267:gairaigo
256:gairaigo
234:kanningu
185:ハンドルキーパー
2014:Writers
1947:Hepburn
1901:Rendaku
1840:Engrish
1536:Braille
1457:Ryakuji
1377:Yaeyama
1295:grammar
1290:Hachijō
1187:Satsugū
1146:Hichiku
1132:Hōnichi
1086:San'yō
1081:Chūgoku
1057:Shikoku
996:Western
956:Nagaoka
952:Echigo
917:Tochigi
912:Ibaraki
873:Nairiku
853:Tsugaru
824:Eastern
430:Engrish
401:saabisu
300:Engrish
229:kinship
198:. Some
161:words,
83:scholar
2009:Poetry
1957:Kunrei
1919:Kan-on
1690:Other
1599:EUC-JP
1515:Sōgana
1500:Gojūon
1452:Kokuji
1420:Kanbun
1372:Tarama
1367:Miyako
1157:Hakata
1122:Kyūshū
1110:Umpaku
1073:Sanuki
1039:Banshū
1028:Kansai
971:Mikawa
966:Nagoya
946:Narada
839:Tōhoku
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389:rabuho
218:スキンシップ
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2031:texts
2004:Books
1924:Tō-on
1914:Go-on
1541:Kanji
1462:Ateji
1425:Kanji
1355:Yoron
1330:Kikai
1198:Other
1100:Inshū
1090:Bingo
1044:Kishū
1034:Awaji
902:Tokyo
892:Gunma
883:Kantō
868:Kesen
858:Akita
848:Nanbu
683:[
448:terms
329:kango
241:カンニング
90:JSTOR
76:books
1639:0213
1634:0212
1629:0211
1624:0208
1619:0201
1615:JIS
1609:2022
1472:Kana
1174:Saga
1138:Ōita
1068:Tosa
1012:Kaga
981:Hida
976:Mino
708:ISBN
689:ISBN
666:ISBN
646:ISBN
583:2014
444:and
323:和製漢語
280:mora
274:and
227:and
225:skin
165:and
139:are
133:和製英語
62:news
1962:JSL
1704:EIS
1594:EUC
1063:Iyo
789:Old
597:doi
552:doi
307:).
151:or
45:by
2050::
607:^
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