557:, was not only liked and trusted by the local Aboriginal people, but had also formed a relationship with one of their women. Together they had at least one child, also named George Yuille. George Yuille senior died on 26 March 1854. He was at the time of his death a storekeeper on Specimen Hill and hence he was among the miners. Whether his wife was with him is unknown, but it is a fair assumption that the local Aboriginal people would have been very familiar with the miners, especially if they were in constant contact with George Yuille.
298:, a convict who had escaped from the abortive Sullivan Bay settlement in December 1803, lived with a Victorian Aboriginal group, commonly identified with the Wadawurrung. In his reminiscences, Buckley tells of his first meeting with native women. Buckley had taken a spear used to mark a grave for use as a walking stick. The women befriended him after recognising the spear as belonging to a relative who had recently died and invited him back to their camp. The tribe thought he was the resurrected
1074:"They have a belief, that when they die, they go to some place or other, and are there made white men, and that they then return to this world again for another existence. They think all the white people previous to death were belonging to their own tribes, thus returned to life in a different colour. In cases where they have killed white men, it has generally been because they imagined them to have been originally enemies, or belonging to tribes with whom they were hostile."
1086:
218:
335:
The best way is to go outside and take up a new run, provided the conscience of the party is sufficiently seared to enable him without remorse to slaughter natives right and left. It is universally and distinctly understood that the chances are very small indeed of a person taking up a new run being
306:
and lived among them for 32 years, being treated with great affection and respect. Buckley states he was appointed a headman and had often witnessed wars, raids, and blood-feuds. He adds that he frequently settled disputes and disarmed warring groups on the eve of some fight. As a revered spirit, he
210:
545:
that local
Aboriginal people may have looked after some of the children of the Eureka miners after the military storming of the Eureka Stockade and subsequent massacre of miners. Although not corroborated by any written sources, the account has been deemed plausible by historian
1104:
Dawson, citing Clark, writes:"Within the
Wathaurong territorial name there is thought to have been from between 14 and 25 smaller clans who traversed a wide area in groups of up to 100 in response to seasonal food sources, ceremonial obligations and trading relationships."
327:. At the time Aboriginal people were denied the right to give evidence in courts of law. The incidents listed below are just those cases that have been reported; it is likely other incidents occurred that were never documented officially. Writing on 9 December 1839,
468:, Bonjon was with him and his troopers for 4 years, tracking down and assisting in armed confrontations with Aboriginal insurgents in the districts to the west. The prosecution alleged that on or about 14 July 1841, Bonjon shot Yammowing in the head with a
566:
was the last surviving member of the
Wadawurrung to witness colonisation. A number of prominent Wadawurrung people from the early colonial period, including Baa Nip, are buried in the north-west corner of the Western Cemetery in Geelong.
314:
around the
Geelong area and westwards. This European settlement was marked by Aboriginal resistance to the invasion, often by driving off or stealing sheep, which then resulted in conflict and sometimes a massacre of Aboriginal people.
318:
Very few of the reports of the killing of
Aboriginal people were acted upon. On the few occasions the matter did reach court, such as the killing of Woolmudgin on 7 October 1836, following which John Whitehead was sent to
2624:
530:, who enforced the collection of the gold miners licence fee resulting in confrontations between diggers and the Gold Commissioner, considered by some historians, such as Michael Cannon and
1550:
1477:
251:
The area they inhabit has been occupied for at least the last 25,000 years, with 140 archaeological sites having been found in the region, indicating significant activity over that period.
477:
1961:
2380:
1763:
The Life and
Adventures of William Buckley: Thirty-two Years a Wanderer among the Aborigines of the then unexplored country round Port Phillip, now the Province of Victoria
2615:
1574:
Working Paper 2005/2007: Another side of Eureka – the
Aboriginal presence on the Ballarat goldfields in 1854 – were Aboriginal people involved in the Eureka rebellion?
2740:
1634:
1954:
560:
One
Learmonth brother in particular was implicitly aware his shepherds were using skulls of Wadawurrung people on stakes to ward people off his property.
2297:
2359:
1614:
2775:
1920:
2798:
2768:
1947:
2733:
2596:
307:
was banned from participating in tribal wars. According to
Buckley, warfare was a central part of life among Aboriginal people in the area.
2366:
1089:
460:
Francis
Tuckfield, Bonjon had been in contact with Europeans more than any other member of the Wadawurrung, having been attached to the
2747:
102:
507:
took place on Wadawurrung land. Three Wadawurrung clans lived in the vicinity of the Eureka diggings: the Burrumbeet baluk at Lakes
2761:
225:
Wadawurrung territory extended some 7,800 square kilometres (3,000 sq mi). To the east of Geelong their land ran up to
2517:
2754:
2553:
1909:
1883:
1847:
1750:
1725:
1702:
1675:
1604:
1519:
553:
Some further credence, although circumstantial, may be provided to the above information. George Yuille, older brother of
2313:
336:
able to maintain possession of his place and property without having recourse to such means – sometimes by wholesale....
279:, based in Geelong, also has a role in managing Wadawurrung cultural heritage, for example through its ownership of the
1761:
1541:
276:
2373:
1558:
1527:
17:
476:, killing him. The prosecution ultimately abandoned the case and Bonjon was eventually discharged. The case in the
461:
324:
1514:; Krishna-Pillay, S.H. (2001) . "Wathawurrung: the language of the Geelong-Ballarat area". In Blake, Barry (ed.).
2425:
1486:
67:
1685:
Jones, David; Choy, Darryl Low; Clarke, Philip; Serrao-Neumann, Silvia; Hales, Robert; Koschade, Olivia (2016).
583:, whose putative cannibalism is itself dubious. Buckley claimed enemies slain in combat were roasted and eaten.
2582:
2524:
2467:
1011:
Waddorow, Wadawio, Wadourer, Woddowrong, Wollowurong, Woddowro, Wudjawuru, Witowurrung, Wothowurong, Watorrong
2453:
2411:
2404:
1902:
Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names
1742:
1592:
In the Eye of the Beholder: What Six Nineteenth-century Women Tell Us About Indigenous Authority and Identity
751:
1687:"The Challenge of Being Heard: Understanding Wadawurrung Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity"
2808:
2575:
2460:
2418:
2391:
1473:
2345:
1618:
260:
2677:
2446:
1717:
1667:
497:
184:
310:
The European settlement of Wadawurrung territory began in earnest from 1835, with a rapid arrival of
295:
234:
449:
In 1841, Wadawurrung man Bonjon (or "Bon Jon") was charged with murder for killing Yammowing of the
2712:
2670:
1839:
1568:
1537:
1511:
547:
1897:
1572:
591:
Before European settlement, 25 separate clans existed, each with a clan headman, who was called a
2698:
2439:
2202:
655:
1581:
965:
723:
496:, that is, by one Aboriginal person against another, and the legal situation as to the British
1869:
1833:
1686:
1661:
2813:
2803:
2327:
1970:
1787:
1736:
1657:
1590:
226:
151:
127:
51:
1871:
Roving Mariners: Australian Aboriginal Whalers and Sealers in the Southern Oceans, 1790–1870
1859:
1812:
554:
311:
1788:"Wurdi Youang: an Australian Aboriginal stone arrangement with possible solar indications"
1129:
8:
2691:
2663:
2640:
2481:
2048:
2006:
1341:
795:
697:
527:
512:
230:
180:
175:
163:
159:
143:
139:
1816:
1691:
Conflict and Change in Australia's Peri-Urban Landscapes, Urban Planning and Environment
579:, moderately compared to what he reported of the practices of a neighbouring tribe, the
2649:
2474:
2216:
2097:
2013:
1802:
1494:
1434:
926:
891:
799:
755:
323:
for trial, the case was dropped for lack of evidence and the absconding of key witness
264:
241:
1786:
Norris, Ray P.; Norris, Cilla; Hamacher, Duane W.; Abrahams, Reg (28 September 2012).
331:, a squatter in western Victoria, describes the prevailing attitude of many settlers:
2546:
2334:
2265:
2020:
1905:
1879:
1843:
1820:
1770:
1746:
1721:
1698:
1671:
1600:
1554:
1523:
877:
576:
473:
192:
2656:
2320:
2195:
2062:
2041:
1778:
1543:
Scars in the Landscape: a register of massacre sites in western Victoria, 1803–1859
908:
737:
535:
504:
55:
1033:
940:
912:
827:
710:
693:
630:
516:
508:
486:, later become notable for the legal question of whether the colonial courts had
238:
237:. Its northwestern boundaries lay at Mount Emu and Mount Misery, and extended to
188:
87:
1159:
2589:
2488:
2132:
1893:
768:
679:
563:
542:
284:
166:. The area they inhabit has been occupied for at least the last 25,000 years.
155:
1429:
2792:
2153:
2083:
2055:
1824:
1183:
803:
599:
among the inland northern tribe. N'arweet held the same tribal standing as a
2495:
2350:
2146:
1985:
1774:
1171:
1029:
487:
465:
303:
280:
147:
71:
453:
people whose territory bordered that of the Wadawurrung. According to the
2432:
2286:
2244:
2188:
2167:
2111:
2104:
2069:
2027:
1999:
1507:
600:
531:
454:
83:
2625:
Wotjobaluk, Jaadwa, Jadawadjali, Wergaia and Jupagulk Peoples v Victoria
1939:
2705:
2684:
2306:
2272:
2258:
2237:
2223:
2181:
2174:
1875:
604:
482:
457:
328:
95:
91:
1738:
Living with the Locals: Early Europeans' Experience of Indigenous Life
2209:
2076:
2034:
1921:"Statues are toppling globally but what does this mean for Ballarat?"
1694:
1613:
1596:
1165:
978:
863:
782:
580:
131:
2160:
2125:
2118:
2090:
1992:
1410:
895:
523:
492:
450:
272:
245:
1807:
1219:
1085:
464:
for some time. According to the local head of that force, Captain
209:
2279:
2251:
1714:
Dolly's Creek: An Archaeology of a Victorian Goldfields Community
478:
Supreme Court of New South Wales for the District of Port Phillip
469:
268:
135:
1438:. No. 21, 886. Victoria, Australia. 29 June 1917. p. 3
500:
over Australia, and its consequences for the Aboriginal people.
1350:
592:
575:
According to William Buckley, the Wadawurrung practised ritual
320:
519:, and the Tooloora baluk, at Mt Warranheip and Lal Lal Creek.
341:
Reported Aboriginal killings in Wadawurrung territory to 1859
2139:
1835:
Convincing Ground: Learning to Fall in Love with Your Country
1684:
1177:
1785:
1189:
1016:
Wadjawuru, Wuddyawurru, Wuddyawurra, Witouro, Wittyawhuurong
217:
1299:
1297:
2616:
Members of the Yorta Yorta Aboriginal Community v Victoria
1689:. In Kennedy, Melissa; Butt, Andrew; Amati, Marco (eds.).
1195:
1487:"Mapping the past: an atlas of Victorian clans 1835-1904"
1516:
Wathawurrung and the Colac Language of Southern Victoria
1506:
1321:
1294:
515:, Keyeet baluk, a sub-group of the Burrumbeet baluk, at
1633:
1416:
400:
Golf Hill Station, Yarrowee River, north of Inverleigh
1450:
1374:
302:, an important former leader. He was adopted into the
1272:
1270:
1255:
1243:
1207:
406:
A shepherd and a hut keeper, Clyde company employees
1282:
1001:(horde at Lake Burrambeet speaking a slight dialect)
369:
Wadawurrung, possibly Yaawangi or Wadawurrung balug
1856:
1735:Maynard, John; Haskins, Victoria Katharine (2016).
1386:
1356:
1231:
1398:
1362:
1309:
1267:
1147:
570:
2790:
1021:Wadthaurung, Waitowrung, Wudthaurung, Woddowrong
389:John Whitehead, encouraged by Frederick Taylor
221:Basic territorial boundaries with other nations
1734:
1225:
254:
1955:
490:over offences committed by Aboriginal people
1520:Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies
434:Anderson and Mills Public House, Buninyong
229:, and from the south of Geelong around the
1962:
1948:
1863:. Melbourne. 20 September 1841. p. 1.
1582:University of Ballarat School of Businbess
1446:– via National Library of Australia.
1166:Geelong Australia – Wathaurong People 2007
1007:(place name, location of a northern horde)
259:The Wadawurrung Aboriginal Corporation, a
1969:
1806:
1663:The Native Tribes of South-East Australia
103:List of Indigenous Australian group names
1904:. Australian National University Press.
1711:
1213:
216:
208:
27:Aboriginal Australian people in Victoria
1892:
1867:
1635:"Geelong HERITAGE STRATEGY 2017 - 2021"
1615:"Geelong Australia - Wathaurong People"
1484:
1456:
1201:
1153:
1056:
14:
2799:Aboriginal peoples of Victoria (state)
2791:
2597:Laws concerning Indigenous Australians
2518:Victorian Aboriginal Heritage Register
1918:
1831:
1759:
1656:
1588:
1404:
1276:
1261:
1249:
1237:
1106:
1083:Report is available on Wikisource at:
2554:Minister for Treaty and First Peoples
1943:
1567:
1536:
1474:"AIATSIS map of Indigenous Australia"
1392:
1380:
1368:
1339:
1327:
1315:
1303:
1288:
290:
1597:Australian National University Press
1050:Wudja-wurung, Witowurung, Witowurong
986:
840:"Trawalla" station, Mount Emu Creek
595:among the coastal Wadawurrung and a
154:was spoken by 25 clans south of the
41:Regions with significant populations
2314:Deen Maar Indigenous Protected Area
1472:
24:
1617:. 1 September 2007. Archived from
1130:"S29: Wadawurrung: Classification"
277:Wathaurong Aboriginal Co-operative
263:since 21 May 2009, represents the
25:
2825:
1919:Whelan, Melanie (11 June 2020).
1769:. Hobart: Archibald Macdougall.
1084:
911:, Lal-lal Creek, west branch of
283:Aboriginal stone arrangement at
2426:Chiltern-Mt Pilot National Park
1422:
1343:Letters from Victorian Pioneers
1333:
1098:
1077:
1068:
571:Historical land use and customs
372:Lieutenant J Tuckey and others
130:people living in the area near
68:Australian Aboriginal mythology
2583:Aboriginal Protection Act 1869
2525:Victoria Archaeological Survey
2468:Mount William stone axe quarry
1346:. Melbourne: Government Press.
1340:Bride, Thomas Francis (1898).
1122:
383:Barwon River, Barrabool Hills
13:
1:
2346:Registered Aboriginal Parties
1743:National Library of Australia
929:, south of Kuruc-a-ruc Creek
2576:Aboriginal Heritage Act 2006
2461:Lake Bolac stone arrangement
2419:Carisbrook stone arrangement
1417:City of Greater Geelong 2018
1116:
953:Head of Wardy Yalloak River
392:Woolmudgin, alias Curacoine
213:Wathaurong traditional lands
7:
526:Goldfields was done by the
358:Aboriginal deaths reported
352:Aboriginal people involved
261:Registered Aboriginal Party
255:Contemporary representation
169:
10:
2830:
2678:Convincing Ground massacre
1718:Melbourne University Press
1668:Cambridge University Press
1485:Barwick, Diane E. (1984).
1465:
1226:Maynard & Haskins 2016
890:Mount Misery area between
522:The early policing of the
498:acquisition of sovereignty
437:Wadawurrung, clan unknown
403:Wadawurrung, clan unknown
204:
202:
198:
173:
2722:
2639:
2606:
2570:
2563:
2538:
2505:
2399:
2390:
2344:
2296:
1977:
1868:Russell, Lynette (2012).
82:
77:
66:
61:
50:
45:
40:
2713:Murdering Gully massacre
2671:Campaspe Plains massacre
1857:"Report of R v Bonjon".
1840:Aboriginal Studies Press
1712:Lawrence, Susan (2000).
1589:Dawson, Barbara (2014).
1357:Port Philip Patriot 1841
1061:
862:Between Geelong and the
586:
420:Wadawurrung, barug clan
386:Wadawurrung, balug clan
205:Wadawurrung § Clans
114:nation, also called the
2699:Mudgegonga rock shelter
2440:Grampians National Park
1894:Tindale, Norman Barnett
1642:City of Greater Geelong
765:Corrin corrinjer balug
633:and "Mt Bute" stations
503:The events of the 1854
193:Kulinic language family
146:. They are part of the
1832:Pascoe, Bruce (2007).
1658:Howitt, Alfred William
338:
222:
214:
2728:By state or territory
1971:Aboriginal Victorians
1760:Morgan, John (1852).
1228:, pp. 26–59, 31.
619:Approximate location
534:, as preludes to the
333:
220:
212:
185:Pama-Nyungan language
128:Aboriginal Australian
78:Related ethnic groups
1860:Port Phillip Patriot
1697:. pp. 260–279.
1553:. pp. 169–175.
1091:Port Phillip Patriot
1026:Warra, Wardy-yallock
995:(horde near Geelong)
923:Woodealloke gundidj
887:Peerickelmoon balug
736:"Emu Hill" station,
627:Barere barere balug
555:William Cross Yuille
2809:People from Geelong
2692:Gippsland massacres
2664:Blood Hole massacre
2539:State organisations
2482:Sunbury earth rings
1817:2013RArtR..30...55N
1621:on 1 September 2007
1522:. pp. 59–154.
1430:"KING JERRY'S TOMB"
1330:, pp. 173–175.
1306:, pp. 169–175.
1204:, p. 175 n.82.
1093:, 20 September 1841
927:Wardy Yalloak River
689:Burrumbeet gundidj
528:Native Police Corps
355:Europeans involved
342:
231:Bellarine Peninsula
187:, belonging to the
176:Wathaurong language
160:Bellarine Peninsula
152:Wathaurong language
140:Bellarine Peninsula
37:
2741:Northern Territory
2475:New Guinea II cave
1898:"Wathaurong (VIC)"
1495:Aboriginal History
1435:Geelong Advertiser
1192:, pp. 1–2, 9.
1190:Norris et al. 2012
1134:AIATSIS Collection
1109:, p. 83 n.14)
961:Worinyaloke balug
937:Wadawurrung balug
340:
291:History of contact
265:traditional owners
223:
215:
35:
2786:
2785:
2776:Western Australia
2635:
2634:
2547:Heritage Victoria
2534:
2533:
2335:Lake Boga mission
1911:978-0-708-10741-6
1885:978-1-438-44425-3
1849:978-0-855-75549-2
1795:Rock Art Research
1752:978-0-642-27895-1
1727:978-0-522-84912-7
1704:978-1-317-16225-4
1677:978-1-108-00632-3
1606:978-1-925-02196-7
1518:. Vol. 147.
1383:, pp. 10–13.
1178:Jones et al. 2016
987:Alternative names
984:
983:
874:Pakeheneek balug
778:Gerarlture balug
756:Kuruc-a-ruc Creek
641:Beerekwart balug
447:
446:
431:25 November 1847
414:June 1839 – 1840
397:Summer 1837-1838
108:
107:
18:Wathaurong people
16:(Redirected from
2821:
2778:
2771:
2764:
2757:
2750:
2743:
2736:
2729:
2715:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
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2666:
2659:
2657:Battle of Yering
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2321:Ebenezer Mission
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2268:
2261:
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2240:
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2203:Pallanganmiddang
2198:
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2149:
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2135:
2128:
2121:
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2100:
2093:
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2063:Djargurd Wurrong
2058:
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2037:
2030:
2023:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1964:
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1779:Internet Archive
1768:
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1731:
1708:
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1653:
1651:
1649:
1644:. 10 August 2018
1639:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1610:
1585:
1584:. pp. 1–17.
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1126:
1110:
1102:
1096:
1088:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1045:Witowro, Witoura
999:Borumbeet Bulluk
950:Wongerrer balug
909:Mount Warrenheip
733:Carininje balug
720:Carringum balug
610:
609:
536:Eureka Rebellion
505:Eureka Rebellion
380:17 October 1836
343:
339:
325:Frederick Taylor
189:Kulin sub-branch
142:in the state of
38:
34:
21:
2829:
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2824:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2789:
2788:
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2755:South Australia
2753:
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2739:
2734:New South Wales
2732:
2727:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2697:
2690:
2683:
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2650:Batman's Treaty
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2445:
2438:
2431:
2424:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2386:
2379:
2372:
2365:
2358:
2349:
2340:
2333:
2326:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2292:
2285:
2278:
2271:
2264:
2257:
2250:
2243:
2236:
2229:
2222:
2215:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2187:
2180:
2173:
2166:
2159:
2152:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2124:
2117:
2110:
2103:
2096:
2089:
2082:
2075:
2068:
2061:
2054:
2047:
2040:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1973:
1968:
1938:
1929:
1927:
1912:
1886:
1850:
1790:
1766:
1753:
1728:
1705:
1678:
1647:
1645:
1637:
1624:
1622:
1607:
1577:
1561:
1546:
1530:
1489:
1480:. 18 June 2021.
1468:
1463:
1455:
1451:
1441:
1439:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1415:
1411:
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1379:
1375:
1367:
1363:
1355:
1351:
1338:
1334:
1326:
1322:
1314:
1310:
1302:
1295:
1287:
1283:
1275:
1268:
1260:
1256:
1248:
1244:
1236:
1232:
1224:
1220:
1212:
1208:
1200:
1196:
1188:
1184:
1176:
1172:
1164:
1160:
1152:
1148:
1138:
1136:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1114:
1113:
1103:
1099:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1064:
989:
941:Barrabool Hills
913:Moorabool River
905:Tooloora balug
828:Mount Emu Creek
824:Moijerre balug
792:Marpeang balug
754:" station, and
711:Mount Buninyong
665:Berrejin balug
652:Bengalat balug
589:
581:Pallidurgbarran
573:
296:William Buckley
293:
257:
239:Lake Burrumbeet
207:
201:
178:
172:
98:
88:Dja Dja Wurrung
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2827:
2817:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2784:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2709:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2645:
2643:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2620:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2593:
2590:Half-Caste Act
2586:
2579:
2571:
2565:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2550:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2521:
2513:
2511:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2492:
2489:Tarragal Caves
2485:
2478:
2471:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2436:
2429:
2422:
2415:
2408:
2400:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2377:
2370:
2363:
2360:Barengi Gadjin
2355:
2353:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2331:
2324:
2317:
2310:
2302:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2283:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2255:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2227:
2220:
2213:
2206:
2199:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2133:Krauatungalang
2129:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2045:
2038:
2031:
2024:
2017:
2010:
2003:
1996:
1989:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1967:
1966:
1959:
1952:
1944:
1937:
1936:
1916:
1910:
1890:
1884:
1865:
1854:
1848:
1829:
1783:
1757:
1751:
1732:
1726:
1709:
1703:
1682:
1676:
1654:
1631:
1611:
1605:
1586:
1565:
1559:
1534:
1528:
1504:
1482:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1459:, p. 107.
1449:
1421:
1409:
1397:
1385:
1373:
1361:
1349:
1332:
1320:
1308:
1293:
1291:, p. 169.
1281:
1266:
1264:, p. 101.
1254:
1252:, p. 307.
1242:
1230:
1218:
1206:
1194:
1182:
1180:, p. 265.
1170:
1158:
1146:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1097:
1076:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1002:
996:
988:
985:
982:
981:
979:You Yang Hills
976:
973:
969:
968:
962:
959:
955:
954:
951:
948:
944:
943:
938:
935:
931:
930:
924:
921:
917:
916:
906:
903:
899:
898:
888:
885:
881:
880:
878:Mount Widderin
875:
872:
868:
867:
866:(Hovells Ck?)
860:
857:
853:
852:
849:
846:
842:
841:
838:
835:
831:
830:
825:
822:
818:
817:
814:
811:
807:
806:
793:
790:
786:
785:
783:Lake Modewarre
779:
776:
772:
771:
766:
763:
759:
758:
748:
745:
741:
740:
738:Linton's Creek
734:
731:
727:
726:
721:
718:
714:
713:
708:
705:
701:
700:
690:
687:
683:
682:
680:Yarrowee River
677:
674:
670:
669:
666:
663:
659:
658:
653:
650:
646:
645:
642:
639:
635:
634:
628:
625:
621:
620:
617:
614:
588:
585:
572:
569:
564:Willem Baa Nip
445:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
428:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
411:
410:
407:
404:
401:
398:
394:
393:
390:
387:
384:
381:
377:
376:
373:
370:
367:
364:
360:
359:
356:
353:
350:
347:
292:
289:
285:Mount Rothwell
256:
253:
233:, towards the
200:
197:
174:Main article:
171:
168:
156:Werribee River
150:alliance. The
106:
105:
80:
79:
75:
74:
64:
63:
59:
58:
48:
47:
43:
42:
31:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2826:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2777:
2773:
2770:
2766:
2763:
2759:
2756:
2752:
2749:
2745:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2714:
2710:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2693:
2689:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2675:
2672:
2668:
2665:
2661:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2627:
2626:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2605:
2598:
2594:
2591:
2587:
2584:
2580:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2562:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2504:
2497:
2493:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2458:
2455:
2451:
2448:
2444:
2441:
2437:
2434:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2382:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2361:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2351:Land councils
2347:
2343:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2325:
2322:
2318:
2315:
2311:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2270:
2267:
2263:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2207:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2183:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2169:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2148:
2144:
2141:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2127:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2084:Girai wurrung
2081:
2078:
2074:
2071:
2067:
2064:
2060:
2057:
2056:Djadjawurrung
2053:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1965:
1960:
1958:
1953:
1951:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1926:
1922:
1917:
1913:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1866:
1862:
1861:
1855:
1851:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1765:
1764:
1758:
1754:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1733:
1729:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1706:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1679:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1643:
1636:
1632:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1587:
1583:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1569:Clark, Ian D.
1566:
1562:
1560:0-85575-281-5
1556:
1552:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1538:Clark, Ian D.
1535:
1531:
1529:0-85883-498-7
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1512:Clark, Ian D.
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1458:
1453:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1425:
1418:
1413:
1406:
1401:
1395:, p. 15.
1394:
1389:
1382:
1377:
1370:
1365:
1358:
1353:
1345:
1344:
1336:
1329:
1324:
1317:
1312:
1305:
1300:
1298:
1290:
1285:
1278:
1273:
1271:
1263:
1258:
1251:
1246:
1240:, p. 25.
1239:
1234:
1227:
1222:
1216:, p. 31.
1215:
1214:Lawrence 2000
1210:
1203:
1198:
1191:
1186:
1179:
1174:
1167:
1162:
1155:
1150:
1135:
1131:
1125:
1121:
1108:
1101:
1094:
1092:
1087:
1080:
1071:
1067:
1059:
1058:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1034:Pitfield area
1031:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
990:
980:
977:
974:
971:
970:
967:
964:West side of
963:
960:
957:
956:
952:
949:
946:
945:
942:
939:
936:
933:
932:
928:
925:
922:
919:
918:
914:
910:
907:
904:
901:
900:
897:
893:
889:
886:
883:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
869:
865:
861:
859:Neerer balug
858:
855:
854:
850:
847:
844:
843:
839:
836:
833:
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
819:
815:
812:
809:
808:
805:
804:Bacchus Marsh
801:
797:
794:
791:
788:
787:
784:
780:
777:
774:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
760:
757:
753:
749:
746:
743:
742:
739:
735:
732:
729:
728:
725:
722:
719:
716:
715:
712:
709:
707:Keyeet balug
706:
703:
702:
699:
695:
691:
688:
685:
684:
681:
678:
676:Boro gundidj
675:
672:
671:
667:
664:
661:
660:
657:
656:Indented Head
654:
651:
648:
647:
643:
640:
637:
636:
632:
629:
626:
623:
622:
618:
615:
612:
611:
608:
606:
602:
598:
594:
584:
582:
578:
568:
565:
561:
558:
556:
551:
549:
544:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
520:
518:
514:
510:
506:
501:
499:
495:
494:
489:
485:
484:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
462:Border Police
459:
456:
452:
442:
439:
436:
433:
430:
429:
426:three people
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
412:
408:
405:
402:
399:
396:
395:
391:
388:
385:
382:
379:
378:
374:
371:
368:
365:
363:October 1803
362:
361:
357:
354:
351:
348:
345:
344:
337:
332:
330:
326:
322:
316:
313:
308:
305:
301:
297:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
252:
249:
247:
243:
240:
236:
235:Otway forests
232:
228:
219:
211:
206:
196:
194:
190:
186:
182:
177:
167:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
124:Wadda Wurrung
121:
117:
113:
104:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
76:
73:
69:
65:
60:
57:
53:
49:
44:
39:
30:
19:
2814:Port Phillip
2804:Kulin nation
2623:
2614:
2506:
2496:Wurdi Youang
2230:
2049:Djab Wurrung
2007:Braiakaulung
1986:Barababaraba
1930:13 September
1928:. Retrieved
1924:
1901:
1870:
1858:
1834:
1798:
1794:
1777:– via
1762:
1737:
1713:
1690:
1662:
1646:. Retrieved
1641:
1623:. Retrieved
1619:the original
1591:
1573:
1542:
1515:
1508:Blake, Barry
1499:
1493:
1457:Barwick 1984
1452:
1440:. Retrieved
1433:
1424:
1412:
1400:
1388:
1376:
1371:, p. 3.
1364:
1352:
1342:
1335:
1323:
1318:, p. 1.
1311:
1284:
1257:
1245:
1233:
1221:
1209:
1202:Russell 2012
1197:
1185:
1173:
1161:
1154:Tindale 1974
1149:
1137:. Retrieved
1133:
1124:
1100:
1090:
1079:
1070:
1057:Tindale 1974
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1004:
998:
992:
966:Little River
837:Moner balug
769:Carranballac
752:Commeralghip
747:Corac balug
596:
590:
574:
562:
559:
552:
548:Ian D. Clark
543:oral history
540:
521:
517:Mt Buninyong
502:
491:
488:jurisdiction
481:
466:Foster Fyans
448:
334:
317:
309:
299:
294:
281:Wurdi Youang
258:
250:
248:goldfields.
224:
179:
123:
119:
115:
111:
109:
99:
72:Christianity
32:Ethnic group
29:
2564:Legislation
2433:Cloggs Cave
2328:Framlingham
2298:Communities
2287:Yorta Yorta
2245:Wemba-Wemba
2231:Wadawurrung
2217:Tatungalung
2189:Ngooraialum
2168:Ladji Ladji
2112:Jardwadjali
2105:Gunditjmara
2098:Gunaikurnai
2070:Djilamatang
2028:Boonwurrung
2014:Brataualung
2000:Brabiralung
1925:The Courier
1405:Whelan 2020
1277:Morgan 1852
1262:Morgan 1852
1250:Howitt 2010
1238:Morgan 1852
1139:3 September
1107:Dawson 2014
813:Mear balug
601:ngurungaeta
577:cannibalism
532:Weston Bate
443:two people
409:two people
375:two people
275:areas. The
227:Queenscliff
112:Wadawurrung
84:Boonwurrung
52:Wadawurrung
36:Wadawurrung
2793:Categories
2748:Queensland
2706:Munangabum
2685:Coranderrk
2412:Box Gulley
2381:Wurundjeri
2374:Wathaurung
2307:Coranderrk
2273:Wurundjeri
2266:Wotjobaluk
2259:Woiwurrung
2238:Warkawarka
2224:Taungurung
2182:Minyambuta
2175:Mardidjali
2021:Bungandidj
1876:SUNY Press
1625:12 October
1502:: 100–131.
1393:Clark 2004
1381:Clark 2004
1369:Clark 2004
1328:Clark 1995
1316:Clark 1995
1304:Clark 1995
1289:Clark 1995
644:Mount Emu
616:Clan name
605:Wurundjeri
509:Burrumbeet
483:R v Bonjon
458:missionary
366:Corio Bay
329:Niel Black
300:Murrangurk
203:See also:
181:Wathaurong
138:, and the
120:Wathaurung
116:Wathaurong
96:Wurundjeri
92:Taungurung
2454:Kow Swamp
2405:Bend Road
2210:Pangerang
2196:Ngurelban
2119:Jari Jari
2077:Gadubanud
2042:Dhudhuroa
2035:Dadi Dadi
1825:1325-3395
1808:1210.7000
1695:Routledge
1660:(2010) .
1648:10 August
1117:Citations
1005:Buninyong
975:Yaawangi
864:You Yangs
796:Blackwood
698:Learmonth
694:Burumbeet
541:There is
513:Learmonth
423:soldiers
349:Location
312:squatters
164:Streatham
132:Melbourne
126:, are an
46:Languages
2769:Victoria
2762:Tasmania
2508:See also
2367:Bunurong
2161:Kwatkwat
2126:Jupagalk
2091:Gulidjan
1993:Bidhawal
1896:(1974).
1571:(2004).
1540:(1995).
1055:Source:
896:Ballarat
892:Beaufort
851:Unknown
848:Monmart
816:Unknown
800:Myrniong
781:West of
724:Carngham
668:Unknown
607:people.
597:nourenit
593:n'arweet
524:Ballarat
493:inter se
455:Wesleyan
451:Gulidjan
440:unknown
417:unknown
273:Ballarat
267:for the
246:Ballarat
244:and the
242:Beaufort
170:Language
158:and the
144:Victoria
62:Religion
2641:History
2280:Yalukit
2252:Wergaia
1978:Peoples
1813:Bibcode
1775:5345532
1551:AIATSIS
1478:AIATSIS
1466:Sources
1040:Witaoro
1032:in the
993:Bengali
603:of the
474:Geelong
470:carbine
269:Geelong
199:Country
191:of the
136:Geelong
56:English
2607:Cases:
2447:Keilor
2154:Kurung
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802:, and
692:Lakes
321:Sydney
122:, and
2392:Sites
2147:Kulin
2140:Koori
1803:arXiv
1791:(PDF)
1767:(PDF)
1638:(PDF)
1578:(PDF)
1547:(PDF)
1490:(PDF)
1062:Notes
1030:horde
631:Colac
587:Clans
346:Date
183:is a
148:Kulin
1932:2020
1906:ISBN
1880:ISBN
1844:ISBN
1821:ISSN
1771:OCLC
1747:ISBN
1722:ISBN
1699:ISBN
1672:ISBN
1650:2018
1627:2018
1601:ISBN
1555:ISBN
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1444:2021
1141:2024
894:and
696:and
511:and
304:band
271:and
110:The
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958:24
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613:No
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