Web 2.0 - Knowledge

1733:. Since, as Tim O'Reilly and John Batelle put it, Web 2.0 is based on the "customers... building your business for you," critics have argued that sites such as Google, Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter are exploiting the "free labor" of user-created content. Web 2.0 sites use Terms of Service agreements to claim perpetual licenses to user-generated content, and they use that content to create profiles of users to sell to marketers. This is part of increased surveillance of user activity happening within Web 2.0 sites. Jonathan Zittrain of Harvard's Berkman Center for the Internet and Society argues that such data can be used by governments who want to monitor dissident citizens. The rise of 548:: their flagship product was the web browser, a desktop application, and their strategy was to use their dominance in the browser market to establish a market for high-priced server products. Control over standards for displaying content and applications in the browser would, in theory, give Netscape the kind of market power enjoyed by Microsoft in the PC market. Much like the 'horseless carriage' framed the automobile as an extension of the familiar, Netscape promoted a 'webtop' to replace the desktop, and planned to populate that webtop with information updates and applets pushed to the webtop by information providers who would purchase Netscape servers." 766: 705: 4375: 1657:"Nobody really knows what it means... If Web 2.0 for you is blogs and wikis, then that is people to people. But that was what the Web was supposed to be all along... Web 2.0, for some people, it means moving some of the thinking client side, so making it more immediate, but the idea of the Web as interaction between people is really what the Web is. That was what it was designed to be... a collaborative space where people can interact." 572:– while the Britannica relies upon experts to write articles and release them periodically in publications, Knowledge relies on trust in (sometimes anonymous) community members to constantly write and edit content. Knowledge editors are not required to have educational credentials, such as degrees, in the subjects in which they are editing. Knowledge is not based on subject-matter expertise, but rather on an adaptation of the 4390: 20: 1374:

methods for travelers, from business-to-customer marketing into peer-to-peer reviews. User-generated content became a vital tool for helping a number of travelers manage their international travels, especially for first time visitors. The travellers tend to trust and rely on peer-to-peer reviews and virtual communications on social media rather than the information provided by travel suppliers.

1446:, many of these services are application platforms. They mimic the user experience of desktop operating systems, offering features and applications similar to a PC environment, and are able to run within any modern browser. However, these so-called "operating systems" do not directly control the hardware on the client's computer. Numerous web-based application services appeared during the 1335: — with links to popular new Web sites and services, is critical to achieving the threshold for mass adoption of those services. User web content can be used to gauge consumer satisfaction. In a recent article for Bank Technology News, Shane Kite describes how Citigroup's Global Transaction Services unit monitors 1687:

and amateurism, which undermines the notion of expertise by allowing anybody, anywhere to share and place undue value upon their own opinions about any subject and post any kind of content, regardless of their actual talent, knowledge, credentials, biases or possible hidden agendas. Keen's 2007 book,

1314:

enhancement, product or service improvement and promotion. Companies can use Web 2.0 tools to improve collaboration with both its business partners and consumers. Among other things, company employees have created wikis—Websites that allow users to add, delete, and edit content — to list answers

1297:

There is a debate over the use of Web 2.0 technologies in mainstream education. Issues under consideration include the understanding of students' different learning modes; the conflicts between ideas entrenched in informal online communities and educational establishments' views on the production and

716:

Web 2.0 offers almost all users the same freedom to contribute, which can lead to effects that are varyingly perceived as productive by members of a given community or not, which can lead to emotional distress and disagreement. The impossibility of excluding group members who do not contribute to the

1748:

When looking at Web 2.0 from a cultural convergence view, according to Henry Jenkins, it can be problematic because the consumers are doing more and more work in order to entertain themselves. For instance, Twitter offers online tools for users to create their own tweet, in a way the users are doing

1347:

In tourism industries, social media is an effective channel to attract travellers and promote tourism products and services by engaging with customers. The brand of tourist destinations can be built through marketing campaigns on social media and by engaging with customers. For example, the "Snow at

919:

In addition to Flash and Ajax, JavaScript/Ajax frameworks have recently become a very popular means of creating Web 2.0 sites. At their core, these frameworks use the same technology as JavaScript, Ajax, and the DOM. However, frameworks smooth over inconsistencies between Web browsers and extend the

880:

Otherwise, the user would have to routinely wait for the data to come back before they can do anything else on that page, just as a user has to wait for a page to complete the reload. This also increases the overall performance of the site, as the sending of requests can complete quicker independent

1381:

Therefore, the organisations should develop strategic plans to handle and manage the negative feedback on social media. Although the user-generated content and rating systems on social media are out of a business' controls, the business can monitor those conversations and participate in communities

1364:

Travel 2.0 refers a model of Web 2.0 on tourism industries which provides virtual travel communities. The travel 2.0 model allows users to create their own content and exchange their words through globally interactive features on websites. The users also can contribute their experiences, images and

1293:

Here, Miller links Web 2.0 technologies and the culture of participation that they engender to the field of library science, supporting his claim that there is now a "Library 2.0". Many of the other proponents of new 2.0s mentioned here use similar methods. The meaning of Web 2.0 is role dependent.

1180:

While SLATES forms the basic framework of Enterprise 2.0, it does not contradict all of the higher level Web 2.0 design patterns and business models. It includes discussions of self-service IT, the long tail of enterprise IT demand, and many other consequences of the Web 2.0 era in enterprise uses.

1360:

are responsible for offering suggestions and replying to questions about the family trips at Walt Disney World. Due to its characteristic of expertise in Disney, "Moms" was chosen to represent the campaign. Social networking sites, such as Facebook, can be used as a platform for providing detailed

684:

Users can provide the data and exercise some control over what they share on a Web 2.0 site. These sites may have an "architecture of participation" that encourages users to add value to the application as they use it. Users can add value in many ways, such as uploading their own content on blogs,

531:

and Tim O'Reilly outlined their definition of the "Web as Platform", where software applications are built upon the Web as opposed to upon the desktop. The unique aspect of this migration, they argued, is that "customers are building your business for you". They argued that the activities of users

482:

in essentially static screenfuls, is only an embryo of the Web to come. The first glimmerings of Web 2.0 are beginning to appear, and we are just starting to see how that embryo might develop. The Web will be understood not as screenfuls of text and graphics but as a transport mechanism, the ether

1390:

Web 2.0 could allow for more collaborative education. For example, blogs give students a public space to interact with one another and the content of the class. Some studies suggest that Web 2.0 can increase the public's understanding of science, which could improve government policy decisions. A

1193:. The social Web consists of a number of online tools and platforms where people share their perspectives, opinions, thoughts and experiences. Web 2.0 applications tend to interact much more with the end user. As such, the end user is not only a user of the application but also a participant by: 896:

When this data is received via Ajax, the JavaScript program then uses the Document Object Model to dynamically update the Web page based on the new data, allowing for rapid and interactive user experience. In short, using these techniques, web designers can make their pages function like desktop

1377:

In addition, an autonomous review feature on social media would help travelers reduce risks and uncertainties before the purchasing stages. Social media is also a channel for customer complaints and negative feedback which can damage images and reputations of organisations and destinations. For

1352:

aimed to bring brand awareness to Colorado as a winter destination. The campaign used social media platforms, for example, Facebook and Twitter, to promote this competition, and requested the participants to share experiences, pictures and videos on social media platforms. As a result, Colorado

522:

content and interactive web applications, which mainly consisted of two-dimensional screens. Kinsley and Eric focus on the concepts currently associated with the term where, as Scott Dietzen puts it, "the Web becomes a universal, standards-based integration platform". In 2004, the term began to

1373:

Social media, especially Travel 2.0 websites, plays a crucial role in decision-making behaviors of travelers. The user-generated content on social media tools have a significant impact on travelers choices and organisation preferences. Travel 2.0 sparked radical change in receiving information

1744:

Others have noted that Web 2.0 technologies are tied to particular political ideologies. "Web 2.0 discourse is a conduit for the materialization of neoliberal ideology." The technologies of Web 2.0 may also "function as a disciplining technology within the framework of a neoliberal political

916:. Of Flash's many capabilities, the most commonly used was its ability to integrate streaming multimedia into HTML pages. With the introduction of HTML5 in 2010 and the growing concerns with Flash's security, the role of Flash became obsolete, with browser support ending on December 31, 2020. 1288:

means harnessing this type of participation so that libraries can benefit from increasingly rich collaborative cataloging efforts, such as including contributions from partner libraries as well as adding rich enhancements, such as book jackets or movie files, to records from publishers and

1700:

reviewer John Flintoff has characterized Web 2.0 as "creating an endless digital forest of mediocrity: uninformed political commentary, unseemly home videos, embarrassingly amateurish music, unreadable poems, essays and novels... mistakes, half-truths and misunderstandings". In a 1994

556:, a company that did not, at the time, focus on producing end-user software, but instead on providing a service based on data, such as the links that Web page authors make between sites. Google exploits this user-generated content to offer Web searches based on reputation through its " 293:"move from personal websites to blogs and blog site aggregation, from publishing to participation, from web content as the outcome of large up-front investment to an ongoing and interactive process, and from content management systems to links based on "tagging" website content using 1284:"Blogs, wikis and RSS are often held up as exemplary manifestations of Web 2.0. A reader of a blog or a wiki is provided with tools to add a comment or even, in the case of the wiki, to edit the content. This is what we call the Read/Write web. Talis believes that 1399:"...the internet could be a crucial tool in increasing the general public's level of science literacy. This increase could then lead to better communication between researchers and the public, more substantive discussion, and more informed policy decision." 1714:"The Web is great because that person can't foist anything on you—you have to go get it. They can make themselves available, but if nobody wants to look at their site, that's fine. To be honest, most people who have something to say get published now." 873:(DOM) to update selected regions of the page area without undergoing a full page reload. To allow users to continue interacting with the page, communications such as data requests going to the server are separated from data coming back to the page ( 1369:

is an online travel community which enables user to rate and share autonomously their reviews and feedback on hotels and tourist destinations. Non pre-associate users can interact socially and communicate through discussion forums on TripAdvisor.

1572:

demand to the Irish non-profit organisation IT@Cork on May 24, 2006, but retracted it two days later. The "WEB 2.0" service mark registration passed final PTO Examining Attorney review on May 10, 2006, and was registered on June 27, 2006. The

1255:

The popularity of the term Web 2.0, along with the increasing use of blogs, wikis, and social networking technologies, has led many in academia and business to append a flurry of 2.0's to existing concepts and fields of study, including

532:

generating content (in the form of ideas, text, videos, or pictures) could be "harnessed" to create value. O'Reilly and Battelle contrasted Web 2.0 with what they called "Web 1.0". They associated this term with the business models of

735:"the epitome of the so-called Web 2.0" and describes what many view as the ideal of a Web 2.0 platform as "an egalitarian environment where the web of social software enmeshes users in both their real and virtual-reality workplaces." 1724:"The task before us is to extend into the digital world the virtues of authenticity, expertise, and scholarly apparatus that have evolved over the 500 years of print, virtues often absent in the manuscript age that preceded print". 1361:

information about the marketing campaign, as well as real-time online communication with customers. Korean Airline Tour created and maintained a relationship with customers by using Facebook for individual communication purposes.

1737:-driven web sites where much of the content must be rendered on the client has meant that users of older hardware are given worse performance versus a site purely composed of HTML, where the processing takes place on the server. 1022:- defines how Web 2.0 websites tend to interact much more with the end user and make the end user an integral part of the website, either by adding his or her profile, adding comments on content, uploading new content, or adding 2931: 717:

provision of goods (i.e., to the creation of a user-generated website) from sharing the benefits (of using the website) gives rise to the possibility that serious members will prefer to withhold their contribution of effort and

2348: 1318:

Another marketing Web 2.0 lure is to make sure consumers can use the online community to network among themselves on topics of their own choosing. Mainstream media usage of Web 2.0 is increasing. Saturating media hubs—like

1276:. Many of these 2.0s refer to Web 2.0 technologies as the source of the new version in their respective disciplines and areas. For example, in the Talis white paper "Library 2.0: The Challenge of Disruptive Innovation", 1294:

For example, some use Web 2.0 to establish and maintain relationships through social networks, while some marketing managers might use this promising technology to "end-run traditionally unresponsive I.T. department."

499:), DiNucci saw the Web "fragmenting" into a future that extended beyond the browser/PC combination it was identified with. She focused on how the basic information structure and hyper-linking mechanism introduced by 1649:

or hardware versioning only, and to assign 2.0 arbitrarily to many technologies with a variety of real version numbers has no meaning. The web does not have a version number. For example, in a 2006 interview with

2587: 221:'s evolution, from roughly 1989 to 2004. According to Graham Cormode and Balachander Krishnamurthy, "content creators were few in Web 1.0 with the vast majority of users simply acting as consumers of content". 4866: 280:

at the end of each page (typical of Web 2.0). During Web 1.0, server performance and bandwidth had to be considered—lengthy comment threads on multiple pages could potentially slow down an entire site.

4201:

In the Web application domain, making static Web pages accessible is relatively easy. But for Web 2.0 technology, dynamic content and fancy visual effects can make accessibility testing very difficult.

1463:

Many regard syndication of site content as a Web 2.0 feature. Syndication uses standardized protocols to permit end-users to make use of a site's data in another context (such as another Web site, a

1000:(WOA) - defines how Web 2.0 applications expose their functionality so that other applications can leverage and integrate the functionality providing a set of much richer applications. Examples are 2603: 3283: 483:

through which interactivity happens. It will appear on your computer screen, on your TV set your car dashboard your cell phone hand-held game machines maybe even your microwave oven."

104:, but merely describes a general change that occurred during this period as interactive websites proliferated and came to overshadow the older, more static websites of the original Web. 2927: 1608:, for instance, has allowed users to write reviews and consumer guides since its launch in 1995, in a form of self-publishing. Amazon also opened its API to outside developers in 2002. 2309: 1356:

The tourism organisation can earn brand royalty from interactive marketing campaigns on social media with engaging passive communication tactics. For example, "Moms" advisors of the

1110:

Categorization of content by users adding "tags" — short, usually one-word or two-word descriptions — to facilitate searching. For example, a user can tag a metal song as "

584:" or other problems. The Knowledge volunteer editor community produces, edits, and updates articles constantly. Web 2.0 conferences have been held every year since 2004, attracting 1298:

authentication of 'formal' knowledge; and questions about privacy, plagiarism, shared authorship and the ownership of knowledge and information produced and/or published on line.

503:

would be used by a variety of devices and platforms. As such, her "2.0" designation refers to the next version of the Web that does not directly relate to the term's current use.

624:"It's a story about community and collaboration on a scale never seen before. It's about the cosmic compendium of knowledge Knowledge and the million-channel people's network 632:. It's about the many wresting power from the few and helping one another for nothing and how that will not only change the world but also change the way the world changes." 2584: 649:

on the site, which may enable increased participation. By increasing emphasis on these already-extant capabilities, they encourage users to rely more on their browser for

4242: 3920: 453:

would launch and attempt to send an email containing the form's details. The popularity and complications of the mailto protocol led browser developers to incorporate

2441: 3352:

Park, Jongpil; Oh, Ick-Keun (2012-01-01). "A Case Study of Social Media Marketing by Travel Agency: The Salience of Social Media Marketing in the Tourism Industry".

994:- defines the experience brought from desktop to browser, whether it is "rich" from a graphical point of view or a usability/interactivity or features point of view. 1378:

example, a majority of UK travellers read customer reviews before booking hotels, these hotels receiving negative feedback would be refrained by half of customers.

3430: 893:

formats. Since both of these formats are natively understood by JavaScript, a programmer can easily use them to transmit structured data in their Web application.

269:

or through a dedicated host. In general, content was generated dynamically, allowing readers to comment directly on pages in a way that was not common previously.

4054: 2386: 3665: 1721:

has been vocal about his opposition to Web 2.0 due to the lack of expertise that it outwardly claims, though he believes that there is hope for the future.:

1630:, who developed the initial technologies of the Web, has been an outspoken critic of the term, while supporting many of the elements associated with it. In 1524:(APIs), but standard APIs (for example, for posting to a blog or notifying a blog update) have also come into use. Most communications through APIs involve 3847:

He's big on blogs and wikis, and has nothing but good things to say about AJAX, but Berners-Lee faults the term "Web 2.0" for lacking any coherent meaning.

3748: 801:– information flows two ways between the site owner and site users by means of evaluation, review, and online commenting. Site users also typically create 3644: 1694:, argues that the core assumption of Web 2.0, that all opinions and user-generated content are equally valuable and relevant, is misguided. Additionally, 3984: 3279: 552:

In short, Netscape focused on creating software, releasing updates and bug fixes, and distributing it to the end users. O'Reilly contrasted this with

3151: 580:. This maxim is stating that if enough users are able to look at a software product's code (or a website), then these users will be able to fix any " 3898: 4313: 1821: 641:

Instead of merely reading a Web 2.0 site, a user is invited to contribute to the site's content by commenting on published articles, or creating a

3697: 2869:

Gerald Marwell and Ruth E. Ames: "Experiments on the Provision of Public Goods. I. Resources, Interest, Group Size, and the Free-Rider Problem".

3869: 2196: 955:, are used by developers to output data dynamically using information from files and databases. This allows websites and web services to share 4157: 2416: 3261: 1796: 3309:

Hudson, Simon; Thal, Karen (2013-01-01). "The Impact of Social Media on the Consumer Decision Process: Implications for Tourism Marketing".

272:

Some Web 2.0 capabilities were present in the days of Web 1.0, but were implemented differently. For example, a Web 1.0 site may have had a

3726: 1604:

Second, many of the ideas of Web 2.0 were already featured in implementations on networked systems well before the term "Web 2.0" emerged.

194:(sometimes referred to as Web 3.0) was coined by Berners-Lee to refer to a web of content where the meaning can be processed by machines. 190:. His original vision of the Web was "a collaborative medium, a place where we all meet and read and write". On the other hand, the term 4953: 2916:

Best, D., 2006. Web 2.0 Next Big Thing or Next Big Internet Bubble? Lecture Web Information Systems. Techni sche Universiteit Eindhoven.

1638:

and always-on connection to the Internet. Sharing a file or publishing a web page was as simple as moving the file into a shared folder.

3400:"Progress in information technology and tourism management: 20 years on and 10 years after the Internet—The state of eTourism research" 2618: 3958: 2728: 2563: 1611: 1561: 4189: 795:– dynamic content that is responsive to user input (e.g., a user can "click" on an image to enlarge it or find out more information) 3520: 2706:

O'Reilly, Tim, and John Battelle. 2004. Opening Welcome: State of the Internet Industry. In San Francisco, California, October 5.

2091: 881:

of blocking and queueing required to send data back to the client. The data fetched by an Ajax request is typically formatted in

2287: 1977: 693:), news websites (e.g. responding in the comment section), social networking services, media-sharing websites (e.g. YouTube and 5059: 4659: 4593: 4453: 3239: 3120: 2225: 1498:(both for social networking) extend the functionality of sites and permit end-users to interact without centralized Web sites. 758:

by way of user participation, can also be viewed as essential attributes of Web 2.0. Some websites require users to contribute

4213: 560:" algorithm. Unlike software, which undergoes scheduled releases, such services are constantly updated, a process called "the 4732: 4422: 4235: 4136: 3928: 3587: 3481: 3130: 3043: 3015: 2960:

McAfee, A. (2006). Enterprise 2.0: The Dawn of Emergent Collaboration. MIT Sloan Management review. Vol. 47, No. 3, p. 21–28.

2263: 3835: 3802: 3454:

Milano, Roberta; Baggio, Rodolfo; Piattelli, Robert (2011-01-01). "The effects of online social media on tourism websites".

836:– near-universal web access leads to differentiation of concerns, from the traditional Internet user base (who tended to be 4958: 4603: 2683: 2533: 2437: 2745: 2121: 924:' that accomplish such common tasks as picking a date from a calendar, displaying a data chart, or making a tabbed panel. 1781: 1615: 1392: 3399: 2896: 1545: 2971: 1101:

users may extend, undo, redo and edit each other's work. Comment systems allow readers to contribute their viewpoints.

182:

Whether Web 2.0 is substantially different from prior Web technologies has been challenged by World Wide Web inventor

4076: 3006:

The Role and Regulations for Technology in Social Work Practice and E-Therapy: Social Work 2.0. In A. R. Roberts (Ed)

2144:"Web 1.0 to Web 2.0: an observational study and empirical evidence for the historical r(evolution) of the social web" 2044: 2017: 1541: 1521: 565: 537: 4042: 2951:

O'Reilly, T., 2005. What is Web 2.0. Design Patterns and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software, p. 30

2374: 1434:

sites replicate many features of PC authoring applications. Several browser-based services have emerged, including

3669: 2087: 2052: 3184: 1513: 1013: 976: 828: 176: 3756: 1114:". Collections of tags created by many users within a single system may be referred to as "folksonomies" (i.e., 5064: 4746: 2828: 2479:"From Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 and beyond: Reviewing usability heuristic criteria taking music sites as case studies" 1472: 2482: 1310:. A growing number of marketers are using Web 2.0 tools to collaborate with consumers on product development, 3980: 1858: 1666:

of 1997–2000), suggesting that too many Web 2.0 companies attempt to develop the same product with a lack of

940: 592: 496: 360: 203: 3636: 245:. With Web 2.0, it became common for average web users to have social-networking profiles (on sites such as 4810: 4684: 4496: 3122:

Government 2.0: Using Technology to Improve Education, Cut Red Tape, Reduce Gridlock, and Enhance Democracy

1718: 348: 3157: 5084: 5069: 5039: 5029: 4801: 4738: 4491: 3890: 3551:

Zeng, Benxiang; Gerritsen, Rolf (2014-04-01). "What do we know about social media in tourism? A review".

3063: 1791: 1598: 1537: 1058:, creation, and dissemination capabilities that were not possible in the environment known as "Web 1.0". 944: 840:

and computer hobbyists) to a wider variety of users, drastically changing the audience of internet users.

364: 4288: 4222:

Web 2.0 applications or websites are often very difficult to control by users with assistive technology.

2813:, Patrick S. Ryan, Journal on Telecommunications & High Technology Law, Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 239, 2005. 123:-era websites where people were limited passively viewing content. Examples of Web 2.0 features include 4861: 4446: 3605:"Perceived familiarity or factual knowledge? Comparing operationalizations of scientific understanding" 3603:

Pete Ladwig; Kajsa E. Dalrymple; Dominique Brossard; Dietram A. Scheufele; Elizabeth A. Corley (2012).

1786: 1261: 874: 784:– free classification of information; allows users to collectively classify and find information (e.g. 492: 4379: 3693: 1654:

developerWorks podcast editor Scott Laningham, Tim Berners-Lee described the term "Web 2.0" as jargon:

1315:

to frequently asked questions about each product, and consumers have added significant contributions.

1054:

and software extensions to handle the content and user interactions. Web 2.0 sites provide users with

728: 518:, made it easy to connect and engage in online transactions. Web 2.0 introduced new features, such as 5049: 5034: 3859: 3089: 2614:

Idehen, Kingsley. 2003. Jeff Bezos Comments about Web Services. Blog. Blog Data Space. September 25.

2186: 1568:

on the use of the term "WEB 2.0" for live events. On the basis of this application, CMP Media sent a

1151: 1047: 997: 294: 226: 172: 4273: 3464: 3215: 3181:"i-Technology Viewpoint: It's Time to Take the Quotation Marks Off "Web 2.0" | Web 2.0 Journal" 2856: 2800: 2511: 661:

facilities. This has been called "network as platform" computing. Major features of Web 2.0 include

5079: 4639: 4153: 3602: 2408: 1277: 471: 375: 340: 234: 3265: 4856: 4619: 2892: 1847: 1765: 755: 305:

Flew believed these factors formed the trends that resulted in the onset of the Web 2.0 "craze".

3777: 2602:

Idehen, Kingsley. 2003. RSS: INJAN (It's not just about news). Blog. Blog Data Space. August 21

1544:(WSDL) is the standard way of publishing a SOAP Application programming interface and there are 920:

functionality available to developers. Many of them also come with customizable, prefabricated '

908:

standards (the World Wide Web Consortium is the governing body of Web standards and protocols),

738:

According to Best, the characteristics of Web 2.0 are rich user experience, user participation,

449:

forms were used. A user would fill in a form, and upon clicking the form's submit button, their

5044: 3459: 3210: 1816: 1353:

enhanced their image as a winter destination and created a campaign worth about $ 2.9 million.

1023: 802: 759: 378:

and tables to position and align elements on a page. These were often used in combination with

124: 112: 58: 4399: 3205:

Anderson, Paul (2007). "What is Web 2.0? Ideas, technologies and implications for education".

2779: 5074: 4846: 4439: 4260: 2843: 2787: 2498: 2143: 1826: 1577:

application (which would confer unambiguous status in Ireland) was declined on May 23, 2007.

1495: 1143: 1055: 956: 870: 812: 438: 66: 2615: 4654: 4649: 3950: 3031: 2725: 2555: 2324: 1770: 1635: 1420: 1131: 991: 824: 701:

is an example of Web 2.0 because it is simply an implication of computing on the Internet.

654: 573: 336: 266: 238: 3718: 1097:

The ability to create and update content leads to the collaborative work of many authors.

8: 4578: 4179: 1690: 1646: 1051: 1043: 4395: 2585:

Web 2.0: the origin of the word that has changed the way we understand public relations.

2328: 2255: 1061:

Web 2.0 sites include the following features and techniques, referred to as the acronym

5054: 4674: 4563: 4553: 4109: 4023: 3487: 3377: 3334: 3004: 2928:"Amid The Rush To Web 2.0, Some Words Of Warning – Web 2.0 – InformationWeek" 2884: 2675: 2163: 1948: 1801: 1594: 1408: 1321: 1306:

Web 2.0 is used by companies, non-profit organisations and governments for interactive

1241: 1221: 1118: 1039: 1035: 862: 858: 718: 678: 3509: 2336: 4917: 4704: 4624: 4583: 4573: 4537: 4418: 4132: 4092:

Gehl, Robert (2011). "The Archive and the Processor: The Internal Logic of Web 2.0".

4072: 4027: 3583: 3477: 3381: 3369: 3338: 3326: 3126: 3039: 3011: 2775: 2679: 2667: 2340: 2279: 2259: 2167: 1969: 1952: 1940: 1920: 1730: 1468: 1443: 1357: 1226: 833: 662: 524: 398: 254: 222: 116: 97: 16:

World Wide Web sites that use technology beyond the static pages of earlier Web sites

4113: 4006:

Terranova, Tiziana (2000). "Free Labor: Producing Culture for the Digital Economy".

3491: 3231: 3136: 2217: 1450:

of 1997–2001 and then vanished, having failed to gain a critical mass of customers.

5024: 4897: 4501: 4350: 4303: 4217: 4101: 4015: 3616: 3560: 3469: 3422: 3414: 3365: 3361: 3318: 2659: 2332: 2155: 1932: 1703: 1589:

at all, but merely continues to use so-called "Web 1.0" technologies and concepts:

1569: 1411:

has prompted the development of Web sites that mimic desktop applications, such as

1311: 1212: 686: 507: 423: 70: 3418: 1645:. For many people who work in software, version numbers like 2.0 and 3.0 are for 1365:

suggestions regarding their trips through online travel communities. For example,

4773: 4752: 4699: 4669: 4588: 4568: 4558: 3831: 3810: 3798: 3473: 3322: 2732: 2622: 2591: 2248: 2083: 2064:

I first heard the phrase 'Web 2.0' in the name of the Web 2.0 conference in 2004.

1936: 1842: 1837: 1776: 1760: 1627: 1585:

Critics of the term claim that "Web 2.0" does not represent a new version of the

1491: 1476: 964: 921: 890: 792: 765: 739: 698: 605: 581: 344: 277: 183: 168: 85: 4019: 2525: 975:. When data is available in one of these formats, another website can use it to 4506: 2749: 2648:"Web 3.0 and the Metaverse Shaping Organizations' Brand and Product Strategies" 2647: 2113: 1667: 1663: 1586: 1574: 1467:, or a separate desktop application). Protocols permitting syndication include 1464: 1447: 1412: 1269: 1207: 1076: 952: 785: 677:(which enable a user to indicate that they are pleased by online content), and 670: 650: 610: 588:, representatives from large companies, tech experts and technology reporters. 561: 218: 101: 93: 89: 3564: 2663: 2159: 1711:, forecasting the future development of the web for personal publishing, said: 704: 5018: 4825: 4780: 4598: 4355: 4338: 4105: 3373: 3330: 2888: 2671: 1944: 1738: 1672: 1331: 1163: 1115: 1027: 798: 747: 722: 577: 528: 527:

and MediaLive hosted the first Web 2.0 conference. In their opening remarks,

467: 442: 390: 156: 148: 81: 3621: 3604: 2181: 2179: 2177: 1729:

There is also a growing body of critique of Web 2.0 from the perspective of

4887: 4841: 4462: 2979: 2771: 2477:

Viswanathan, Ganesh; Dutt Mathur, Punit; Yammiyavar, Pradeep (March 2010).

2344: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1831: 1811: 1696: 1623: 1565: 1336: 1231: 1135: 1009: 931:, Web 2.0 uses many of the same technologies as Web 1.0. Languages such as 673:(which enables users to label websites, videos or photos in some fashion), 658: 646: 642: 617: 609:

selected the masses of users who were participating in content creation on

585: 454: 450: 445:

during this period. To provide a feedback mechanism for web site visitors,

318: 191: 128: 108: 4308: 2002: 1641:

Perhaps the most common criticism is that the term is unclear or simply a

4938: 4902: 4664: 4532: 2174: 1898: 1680: 1676:

has dubbed the mid- to late-2000s focus on Web companies as "Bubble 2.0".

1619: 1483:-based formats. Observers have started to refer to these technologies as 1416: 1366: 1325: 1285: 1257: 1249: 1245: 1139: 1111: 928: 909: 898: 854: 850: 751: 674: 479: 427: 419: 394: 325: 262: 164: 4374: 1532:

payloads. REST APIs, through their use of self-descriptive messages and

769:

A list of ways that people can volunteer to improve Mass Effect Wiki on

4948: 4851: 4634: 4629: 4522: 4069:

The People's Platform: Taking Back Power and Culture in the Digital Age

2048: 1893: 1708: 1684: 1605: 1265: 1197: 1190: 1159: 1019: 866: 781: 721:

on the contributions of others. This requires what is sometimes called

519: 379: 298: 282: 230: 144: 3180: 4979: 4794: 4787: 4689: 4527: 4481: 3426: 3156:. Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.: Progressive Advertiser. Archived from 1806: 1557: 1307: 1155: 806: 732: 709: 694: 666: 569: 488: 405: 273: 242: 62: 24: 2824: 809:, an online encyclopedia that anyone can write articles for or edit) 544:"Netscape framed 'the web as platform' in terms of the old software 73:(i.e., compatibility with other products, systems, and devices) for 4989: 4679: 4486: 4476: 3580:

Blogs, Wikis, Podcasts, and Other Powerful Web Tools for Classrooms

2478: 2307: 2250:

Blogs, Wikis, Podcasts, and Other Powerful Web Tools for Classrooms

1872: 1642: 1484: 1349: 1273: 1202: 1005: 1001: 743: 557: 545: 533: 371: 250: 214: 132: 107:

A Web 2.0 website allows users to interact and collaborate through

74: 4236:"Status Update: Celebrity, publicity and Self-Branding in Web 2.0" 1662:

Other critics labeled Web 2.0 "a second bubble" (referring to the

1264:, PR 2.0, Classroom 2.0, Publishing 2.0, Medicine 2.0, Telco 2.0, 773:, an example of content generated by users working collaboratively 27:(a typical Web 2.0 phenomenon in itself) presenting Web 2.0 themes 4999: 4994: 4766: 4759: 4343:

The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies

2992:

Schick, S., 2005. I second that emotion. IT Business.ca (Canada).

1741:

for disabled or impaired users may also suffer in a Web 2.0 site.

1533: 1507: 1424: 1382:

to enhance customer loyalty and maintain customer relationships.

1147: 1088:

Connects information sources together using the model of the Web.

820: 629: 625: 511: 506:

The term Web 2.0 did not resurface until 2002. Companies such as

246: 152: 54: 2887:; Dandrea, Carlos; Gregersen, Erik; Lotha, Gloria (2023-04-13). 2476: 4912: 4815: 4431: 3832:"Tim Berners-Lee on Web 2.0: "nobody even knows what it means"" 3510:"Social media and Tourism Destinations: TripAdvisor Case Study" 2466:(3rd ed.). Melbourne: Oxford University Press. p. 19. 1062: 837: 697:) and collaborative-writing projects. Some scholars argue that 553: 515: 446: 258: 187: 160: 3059: 2636:

Knorr, Eric. 2003. The year of Web services. CIO, December 15.

19: 4984: 4974: 4892: 4871: 4644: 4043:"Loser Generated Content: From Participation to Exploitation" 3125:. Lanham MD, U.S.: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. 2308:

Berners-Lee, Tim; James Hendler; Ora Lassila (May 17, 2001).

1439: 1435: 913: 770: 474:

consultant, in her January 1999 article "Fragmented Future":

434: 415: 329: 4289:"Interactivity Is Evil! A Critical Investigation of Web 2.0" 1471:(really simple syndication, also known as Web syndication), 912:

was capable of doing many things that were not possible pre-

4943: 4933: 4907: 4727: 2925: 2724:

Grossman, Lev. 2006. Person of the Year: You. December 25.

1853: 1734: 1631: 1529: 1517: 1431: 1427: 1236: 1098: 972: 948: 932: 886: 762:

to have access to the website, to discourage "free riding".

690: 500: 386: 352: 289:

described the differences between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0 as a

140: 136: 3456:

Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2011

3262:"Mainstream Media Usage of Web 2.0 Services is Increasing" 3085: 2882: 901:

uses this technique to create a Web-based word processor.

754:. Further characteristics, such as openness, freedom, and 100:, it does not denote a formal change in the nature of the 4820: 4184: 3864: 2702: 2700: 2373:

Balachander Krishnamurthy, Graham Cormode (2 June 2008).

2372: 2191: 1651: 1525: 1480: 1339:

outlets to address customer issues and improve products.

1216: 1173: 968: 960: 936: 905: 882: 816: 411: 356: 225:

were common, consisting mainly of static pages hosted on

2972:"Web 2.0 definition updated and Enterprise 2.0 emerges" 2772:"Who Should Be Liable for Online Anonymous Defamation?" 2148:

International Journal of Web Engineering and Technology

313:

Some common design elements of a Web 1.0 site include:

2697: 1749:

all the work when it comes to producing media content.

1512:

Web 2.0 often uses machine-based interactions such as

1403: 4417:. Charleston, South Carolina, SUA: MultiMedia. 2017. 3453: 1679:

In terms of Web 2.0's social impact, critics such as

889:(JavaScript Object Notation) format, two widely used 708:

Edit box interface through which anyone could edit a

328:

rather than a relational database management system (

1034:

As such, Web 2.0 draws together the capabilities of

4129:

iSpy: Surveillance and Power in the Interactive Era

2632: 2630: 857:) technologies used in Web 2.0 development include 96:in 2004. Although the term mimics the numbering of 3749:"O'Reilly's coverage of Web 2.0 as a service mark" 3719:"O'Reilly and CMP Exercise Trademark on 'Web 2.0'" 3280:"Banks use Web 2.0 to increase customer retention" 3003: 2254:(2nd ed.). California: Corwin Press. p. 2247: 2438:"So Long, GeoCities: We Forgot You Still Existed" 1683:argue that Web 2.0 has created a cult of digital 1610:Previous developments also came from research in 5016: 2883:Hosch, William L.; Tikkanen, Amy; Ray, Michael; 2627: 1822:Privacy concerns with social networking services 1601:, but add a layer of abstraction on top of them. 977:integrate a portion of that site's functionality 669:' easy-to-use blog and website creation tools), 564:". A similar difference can be seen between the 4156:. Berkman Center for the Internet and Society. 1970:"What is Web 1.0? - Definition from Techopedia" 1134:as well as a document server. Examples include 591:The popularity of Web 2.0 was acknowledged by 4447: 3637:"Can eyeOS Succeed Where Desktop.com Failed?" 3550: 3507: 3232:"The Secrets of Marketing in a Web 2.0 World" 2375:"Key differences between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0" 1919:Blank, Grant; Reisdorf, Bianca (2012-05-01). 1918: 1797:List of free and open-source web applications 1534:hypermedia as the engine of application state 904:As a widely available plug-in independent of 578:"given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow" 3860:"developerWorks Interviews: Tim Berners-Lee" 3797: 3030: 2187:"DeveloperWorks Interviews: Tim Berners-Lee" 2082: 147:("tagging" keywords on websites and links), 3951:"Steve Jobs: The Next Insanely Great Thing" 3036:PR 2.0: New Media, New Tools, New Audiences 3010:. New York, U.S.: Oxford University Press. 2969: 2873:, Vol. 84, No. 6 (May, 1979), pp. 1335–1360 2769: 2743: 2737: 2301: 1172:The use of syndication technology, such as 665:websites, self-publishing platforms (e.g., 4454: 4440: 4126: 3746: 3666:"Tech Beat Hey YouOS! – BusinessWeek" 3577: 3571: 3397: 3308: 2245: 2111: 1618:(CSCW) and from established products like 1536:, should be self-describing once an entry 1050:. Standards-oriented Web browsers may use 4354: 4307: 4005: 3620: 3463: 3354:International Journal of Tourism Sciences 3311:Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 3214: 2078: 2076: 2074: 2072: 1996: 1994: 1612:computer-supported collaborative learning 1597:do not replace underlying protocols like 1189:A third important part of Web 2.0 is the 1176:feeds to notify users of content changes. 987:Web 2.0 can be described in three parts: 613:, blogs, wikis, and media sharing sites. 478:"The Web we know now, which loads into a 119:. This contrasts the first generation of 4415:Web 2.0 / Social Media / Social Networks 4040: 3918: 3688: 3686: 3259: 3204: 2926:Greenmeier, Larry & Gaudin, Sharon. 2770:Perry, Ronen; Zarsky, Tal (2015-08-01). 2039: 2037: 1717:Michael Gorman, former president of the 1632:the environment where the Web originated 1453: 1342: 764: 703: 276:page for visitor comments, instead of a 18: 4336: 4286: 4233: 2645: 2280:"What is Web 3.0? Webopedia Definition" 2000: 1626:, all phenomena that preceded Web 2.0. 819:to allow automated usage, such as by a 5017: 4660:Knowledge representation and reasoning 4594:Semantic service-oriented architecture 4066: 3981:"Web 2.0: The Sleep of Reason, Part 1" 3668:. www.businessweek.com. Archived from 3596: 3458:. Springer, Vienna. pp. 471–483. 3351: 3229: 3118: 3001: 2970:Hinchcliffe, Dion (November 5, 2006). 2536:from the original on February 22, 2019 2141: 2069: 2043: 1991: 1348:First Sight" campaign launched by the 4435: 4180:"Accessibility in Web 2.0 technology" 4160:from the original on 12 November 2011 3683: 3546: 3544: 3542: 3540: 3503: 3501: 3398:Buhalis, Dimitrios; Law, Rob (2008). 3393: 3391: 3304: 3302: 3300: 3149: 2034: 1964: 1962: 1546:a range of Web service specifications 788:of websites, images, videos or links) 777:The key features of Web 2.0 include: 4151: 4091: 2461: 2389:from the original on 25 October 2012 2354:from the original on October 1, 2018 1442:.(No longer active.) Although named 685:consumer-evaluation platforms (e.g. 636: 217:referring to the first stage of the 3207:JISC Technology and Standards Watch 2218:"Berners-Lee on the read/write web" 2112:Strickland, Jonathan (2007-12-28). 1782:Cute cat theory of digital activism 1616:computer-supported cooperative work 1520:. Servers often expose proprietary 1404:Web-based applications and desktops 725:by the management of the Web site. 414:buttons, graphics (typically 88×31 324:Content provided from the server's 13: 4721:Syntax and supporting technologies 3978: 3537: 3498: 3388: 3297: 2485:from the original on 21 March 2022 1959: 1522:Application programming interfaces 308: 14: 5096: 4367: 3987:from the original on 29 June 2011 3919:Flintoff, JohnPaul (2007-06-03). 3747:Torkington, Nathan (2006-05-26). 3153:Web 2.0 Becoming An Outdated Term 3150:Rusak, Sergey (October 1, 2009). 2871:The American Journal of Sociology 2337:10.1038/scientificamerican0501-34 1542:Web Services Description Language 1391:2012 study by researchers at the 815:(SaaS) – Web 2.0 sites developed 491:introduced its first web-capable 466:The term "Web 2.0" was coined by 253:) and personal blogs (sites like 84:in 1999 and later popularized by 4461: 4388: 4373: 3948: 3508:Miguens, J.; Baggio, R. (2008). 3282:. PNT Marketing Services. 2010. 3264:. Read Write Web. Archived from 3230:Parise, Salvatore (2008-12-16). 3083: 2744:Hinchcliffe, Dion (2006-04-02). 2409:"Geocities – Dead Media Archive" 4330: 4319:from the original on 2017-11-03 4280: 4248:from the original on 2017-07-22 4227: 4206: 4192:from the original on 2015-04-02 4172: 4145: 4131:. Lawrence, KS: U P of Kansas. 4120: 4085: 4057:from the original on 2012-10-25 4034: 3999: 3972: 3961:from the original on 2015-04-18 3942: 3912: 3901:from the original on 2006-11-19 3883: 3872:from the original on 2007-07-01 3852: 3838:from the original on 2017-07-08 3824: 3791: 3770: 3740: 3729:from the original on 2009-05-11 3711: 3700:from the original on 2011-01-13 3658: 3647:from the original on 2007-12-12 3629: 3553:Tourism Management Perspectives 3526:from the original on 2017-08-30 3447: 3436:from the original on 2019-08-19 3345: 3286:from the original on 2010-11-14 3272: 3253: 3242:from the original on 2017-07-10 3223: 3198: 3187:from the original on 2011-02-16 3173: 3164: 3143: 3112: 3103: 3092:from the original on 2011-02-06 3077: 3066:from the original on 2010-09-22 3052: 3024: 2995: 2986: 2963: 2954: 2945: 2934:from the original on 2008-04-21 2919: 2910: 2899:from the original on 2022-01-21 2876: 2863: 2831:from the original on 2021-08-14 2822: 2816: 2807: 2763: 2718: 2709: 2686:from the original on 2022-10-31 2639: 2608: 2596: 2577: 2566:from the original on 2015-06-17 2548: 2518: 2481:. IndiaHCI Conference. Mumbai. 2470: 2455: 2444:from the original on 2014-10-17 2430: 2419:from the original on 2014-05-24 2401: 2366: 2290:from the original on 2017-02-15 2272: 2239: 2228:from the original on 2012-09-01 2199:from the original on 2012-08-21 2124:from the original on 2015-02-17 2094:from the original on 2013-04-24 2055:from the original on 2012-10-10 2023:from the original on 2011-11-10 1980:from the original on 2018-07-13 1393:University of Wisconsin–Madison 1130:Software that makes the Web an 844: 4378:Learning materials related to 3778:"Application number 004972212" 3694:"USPTO serial number 78322306" 3366:10.1080/15980634.2012.11434654 2748:. Web Services. Archived from 2210: 2135: 2105: 1912: 1490:Specialized protocols such as 1458: 566:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 538:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 1: 5060:Social information processing 4835:Schemas, ontologies and rules 3582:. Corwin Press. p. 171. 3419:10.1016/j.tourman.2008.01.005 1905: 1859:You (Time Person of the Year) 1184: 204:History of the World Wide Web 3517:Advances in Tourism Research 3474:10.1007/978-3-7091-0503-0_38 3323:10.1080/10548408.2013.751276 3002:Singer, Jonathan B. (2009). 2556:"The Right Size of Software" 1937:10.1080/1369118X.2012.665935 1719:American Library Association 1580: 1551: 1385: 1301: 1075:Finding information through 495:(supporting Web access with 397:tags, introduced during the 349:dynamic programming language 265:) through either a low-cost 186:, who describes the term as 120: 7: 4214:"Web 2.0 and Accessibility" 4020:10.1215/01642472-18-2_63-33 3119:Eggers, William D. (2005). 2930:. www.informationweek.com. 2646:Kshetri, Nir (2022-03-01). 2413:cultureandcommunication.org 1792:Libraries in virtual worlds 1753: 1501: 982: 897:applications. For example, 430:and various other products. 10: 5101: 4862:Semantic Web Rule Language 3260:MacManus, Richard (2007). 2825:"Learn More About Web 2.0" 2464:New Media: An Introduction 2118:computer.howstuffworks.com 1834:, sometimes called Web 3.0 1787:Enterprise social software 1593:First, techniques such as 1505: 628:and the online metropolis 493:personal digital assistant 461: 285:, in his third edition of 208: 201: 197: 4967: 4926: 4880: 4834: 4720: 4713: 4612: 4546: 4515: 4469: 4127:Andrejevic, Mark (2007). 3803:"Amazon Web Services API" 3609:Science and Public Policy 3578:Richardson, Will (2010). 3565:10.1016/j.tmp.2014.01.001 2664:10.1109/MITP.2022.3157206 2246:Richardson, Will (2009). 2160:10.1504/IJWET.2017.084024 1634:, each workstation had a 998:Web-oriented architecture 805:for others to see (e.g., 317:Static pages rather than 235:free web hosting services 173:collaborative consumption 4968:Microformat vocabularies 4640:Information architecture 4356:10.1177/1354856507084415 4106:10.1177/1461444811401735 4041:Peterson, Soren (2008). 3927:. London. Archived from 2583:Aced, Cristina. (2013). 865:. Ajax programming uses 729:Encyclopaedia Britannica 472:information architecture 389:extensions, such as the 341:Common Gateway Interface 111:dialogue as creators of 4857:Rule Interchange Format 4620:Collective intelligence 4337:Jenkins, Henry (2008). 4287:Jarrett, Kylie (2008). 4234:Marwick, Alice (2010). 3236:The Wall Street Journal 2893:Encyclopedia Britannica 2001:DiNucci, Darcy (1999). 1921:"The Participatory Web" 1848:Web 2.0 for development 1766:Collective intelligence 1421:slide-show presentation 953:Microsoft.NET Framework 756:collective intelligence 125:social networking sites 80:The term was coined by 4268:Cite journal requires 4071:. Metropolitan Books. 4067:Taylor, Astra (2014). 2851:Cite journal requires 2795:Cite journal requires 2746:"The State of Web 2.0" 2506:Cite journal requires 1817:Open-source governance 1726: 1716: 1659: 1291: 1085:inks to other websites 1024:user-generated content 949:Enterprise Java (J2EE) 803:user-generated content 774: 760:user-generated content 713: 634: 550: 485: 374:-era elements such as 303: 113:user-generated content 59:user-generated content 28: 5065:Technology neologisms 4339:"Convergence Culture" 4309:10.5210/fm.v13i3.2140 4094:New Media and Society 3921:"Thinking is so over" 3622:10.1093/scipol/scs048 3038:. Pearson Education. 3032:Breakenridge, Deirdre 2823:Pal, Surendra Kumar. 2526:"Is there a Web 1.0?" 1827:Responsive web design 1722: 1712: 1655: 1475:(as in RSS 1.1), and 1454:Distribution of media 1343:Destination marketing 1282: 1144:Microsoft Silverlight 871:Document Object Model 863:JavaScript frameworks 813:Software as a service 768: 707: 622: 542: 476: 439:server side scripting 291: 67:participatory culture 22: 4655:Knowledge management 4650:Knowledge extraction 4152:Zittrain, Jonathan. 3183:. Web2.sys-con.com. 2532:. January 28, 2008. 2462:Flew, Terry (2008). 2090:. O'Reilly Network. 1636:dedicated IP address 1132:application platform 992:Rich web application 825:software application 655:application software 616:In the cover story, 457:into their browsers. 433:HTML forms sent via 337:Server Side Includes 241:and the now-defunct 4927:Common vocabularies 4881:Semantic annotation 4579:Semantic publishing 4220:on 24 August 2014. 3088:. Publishing2.com. 2885:Cunningham, John M. 2715:O'Reilly, T., 2005. 2329:2001SciAm.284e..34B 2317:Scientific American 2142:Sykora, M. (2017). 2114:"How Web 2.0 Works" 2003:"Fragmented Future" 1866:Application domains 1691:Cult of the Amateur 1647:software versioning 1479:, all of which are 1260:, Social Work 2.0, 1056:information storage 1044:content syndication 418:in size) promoting 343:(CGI) instead of a 267:web hosting service 177:mashup applications 5085:1990s in computing 5070:Web 2.0 neologisms 5040:Cloud applications 5030:2000s in computing 4675:Digital humanities 4564:Semantic computing 4554:Semantic analytics 4538:Rule-based systems 4398:has a profile for 3834:. September 2006. 3759:on 15 January 2008 3696:. Tarr.uspto.gov. 3641:www.techcrunch.com 3407:Tourism Management 2731:2009-09-23 at the 2621:2010-02-12 at the 2590:2022-04-16 at the 2310:"The Semantic Web" 1802:Mass collaboration 1556:In November 2004, 1322:The New York Times 1242:Web content voting 1222:Social bookmarking 1065:by Andrew McAfee: 834:Mass participation 799:User participation 775: 714: 679:social bookmarking 597:Person of The Year 335:Pages built using 223:Personal web pages 94:Web 2.0 Conference 29: 5012: 5011: 5008: 5007: 4918:Facebook Platform 4805: 4804:(no W3C standard) 4797: 4790: 4783: 4776: 4769: 4762: 4755: 4741: 4705:Web Science Trust 4625:Description logic 4584:Semantic reasoner 4574:Semantic matching 4502:Semantic networks 4424:978-1-544-63831-7 4404: 4138:978-0-7006-1528-5 3979:Gorman, Michael. 3589:978-1-4129-7747-0 3483:978-3-7091-0502-3 3160:on March 3, 2010. 3132:978-0-7425-4175-7 3045:978-0-13-270397-0 3017:978-0-19-536937-3 2774:. Rochester, NY. 2284:www.webopedia.com 2265:978-1-4129-5972-8 2088:"What Is Web 2.0" 2047:(November 2005). 1731:political economy 1444:operating systems 1358:Walt Disney World 1350:State of Colorado 1227:Social networking 1048:network protocols 663:social networking 424:operating systems 399:first browser war 117:virtual community 98:software versions 5092: 5050:Internet culture 5035:Brand management 4800: 4793: 4786: 4779: 4772: 4765: 4758: 4751: 4737: 4718: 4717: 4456: 4449: 4442: 4433: 4432: 4428: 4402: 4392: 4391: 4377: 4361: 4360: 4358: 4334: 4328: 4327: 4325: 4324: 4318: 4311: 4293: 4284: 4278: 4277: 4271: 4266: 4264: 4256: 4254: 4253: 4247: 4240: 4231: 4225: 4224: 4216:. Archived from 4210: 4204: 4203: 4198: 4197: 4176: 4170: 4169: 4167: 4165: 4154:"Minds for Sale" 4149: 4143: 4142: 4124: 4118: 4117: 4100:(8): 1228–1244. 4089: 4083: 4082: 4065: 4063: 4062: 4038: 4032: 4031: 4003: 3997: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3976: 3970: 3969: 3967: 3966: 3946: 3940: 3939: 3937: 3936: 3916: 3910: 3909: 3907: 3906: 3887: 3881: 3880: 3878: 3877: 3856: 3850: 3849: 3844: 3843: 3828: 3822: 3821: 3819: 3818: 3809:. Archived from 3807:O'Reilly Network 3795: 3789: 3788: 3786: 3785: 3774: 3768: 3767: 3765: 3764: 3755:. Archived from 3744: 3738: 3737: 3735: 3734: 3715: 3709: 3708: 3706: 3705: 3690: 3681: 3680: 3678: 3677: 3662: 3656: 3655: 3653: 3652: 3633: 3627: 3626: 3624: 3600: 3594: 3593: 3575: 3569: 3568: 3548: 3535: 3534: 3532: 3531: 3525: 3514: 3505: 3496: 3495: 3467: 3451: 3445: 3444: 3442: 3441: 3435: 3404: 3395: 3386: 3385: 3349: 3343: 3342: 3317:(1–2): 156–160. 3306: 3295: 3294: 3292: 3291: 3276: 3270: 3269: 3257: 3251: 3250: 3248: 3247: 3227: 3221: 3220: 3218: 3202: 3196: 3195: 3193: 3192: 3177: 3171: 3168: 3162: 3161: 3147: 3141: 3140: 3135:. Archived from 3116: 3110: 3107: 3101: 3100: 3098: 3097: 3086:"Publishing 2.0" 3081: 3075: 3074: 3072: 3071: 3056: 3050: 3049: 3028: 3022: 3021: 3009: 2999: 2993: 2990: 2984: 2983: 2978:. Archived from 2967: 2961: 2958: 2952: 2949: 2943: 2942: 2940: 2939: 2923: 2917: 2914: 2908: 2907: 2905: 2904: 2880: 2874: 2867: 2861: 2860: 2854: 2849: 2847: 2839: 2837: 2836: 2827:. academia.edu. 2820: 2814: 2811: 2805: 2804: 2798: 2793: 2791: 2783: 2767: 2761: 2760: 2758: 2757: 2741: 2735: 2722: 2716: 2713: 2707: 2704: 2695: 2694: 2692: 2691: 2643: 2637: 2634: 2625: 2612: 2606: 2600: 2594: 2581: 2575: 2574: 2572: 2571: 2552: 2546: 2545: 2543: 2541: 2522: 2516: 2515: 2509: 2504: 2502: 2494: 2492: 2490: 2474: 2468: 2467: 2459: 2453: 2452: 2450: 2449: 2434: 2428: 2427: 2425: 2424: 2405: 2399: 2398: 2396: 2394: 2370: 2364: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2353: 2323:(6832): 1023–4. 2314: 2305: 2299: 2298: 2296: 2295: 2276: 2270: 2269: 2253: 2243: 2237: 2236: 2234: 2233: 2214: 2208: 2207: 2205: 2204: 2183: 2172: 2171: 2139: 2133: 2132: 2130: 2129: 2109: 2103: 2102: 2100: 2099: 2080: 2067: 2066: 2061: 2060: 2041: 2032: 2031: 2029: 2028: 2022: 2007: 1998: 1989: 1988: 1986: 1985: 1966: 1957: 1956: 1916: 1890:(Government 2.0) 1570:cease-and-desist 1312:customer service 1042:-side software, 1026:(e.g., personal 959:formats such as 957:machine readable 523:popularize when 169:Web applications 71:interoperability 5100: 5099: 5095: 5094: 5093: 5091: 5090: 5089: 5080:1999 neologisms 5015: 5014: 5013: 5004: 4963: 4922: 4876: 4830: 4709: 4700:Web engineering 4670:Digital library 4608: 4589:Semantic search 4569:Semantic mapper 4559:Semantic broker 4542: 4511: 4465: 4460: 4425: 4413: 4410: 4409: 4408: 4393: 4389: 4370: 4365: 4364: 4335: 4331: 4322: 4320: 4316: 4291: 4285: 4281: 4269: 4267: 4258: 4257: 4251: 4249: 4245: 4238: 4232: 4228: 4212: 4211: 4207: 4195: 4193: 4178: 4177: 4173: 4163: 4161: 4150: 4146: 4139: 4125: 4121: 4090: 4086: 4079: 4060: 4058: 4039: 4035: 4004: 4000: 3990: 3988: 3977: 3973: 3964: 3962: 3947: 3943: 3934: 3932: 3917: 3913: 3904: 3902: 3889: 3888: 3884: 3875: 3873: 3858: 3857: 3853: 3841: 3839: 3830: 3829: 3825: 3816: 3814: 3796: 3792: 3783: 3781: 3776: 3775: 3771: 3762: 3760: 3745: 3741: 3732: 3730: 3717: 3716: 3712: 3703: 3701: 3692: 3691: 3684: 3675: 3673: 3664: 3663: 3659: 3650: 3648: 3635: 3634: 3630: 3601: 3597: 3590: 3576: 3572: 3549: 3538: 3529: 3527: 3523: 3512: 3506: 3499: 3484: 3465:10.1.1.454.3557 3452: 3448: 3439: 3437: 3433: 3402: 3396: 3389: 3350: 3346: 3307: 3298: 3289: 3287: 3278: 3277: 3273: 3258: 3254: 3245: 3243: 3228: 3224: 3216:10.1.1.108.9995 3203: 3199: 3190: 3188: 3179: 3178: 3174: 3169: 3165: 3148: 3144: 3133: 3117: 3113: 3108: 3104: 3095: 3093: 3082: 3078: 3069: 3067: 3060:"Classroom 2.0" 3058: 3057: 3053: 3046: 3029: 3025: 3018: 3000: 2996: 2991: 2987: 2968: 2964: 2959: 2955: 2950: 2946: 2937: 2935: 2924: 2920: 2915: 2911: 2902: 2900: 2881: 2877: 2868: 2864: 2852: 2850: 2841: 2840: 2834: 2832: 2821: 2817: 2812: 2808: 2796: 2794: 2785: 2784: 2768: 2764: 2755: 2753: 2742: 2738: 2733:Wayback Machine 2723: 2719: 2714: 2710: 2705: 2698: 2689: 2687: 2652:IT Professional 2644: 2640: 2635: 2628: 2623:Wayback Machine 2613: 2609: 2601: 2597: 2592:Wayback Machine 2582: 2578: 2569: 2567: 2554: 2553: 2549: 2539: 2537: 2524: 2523: 2519: 2507: 2505: 2496: 2495: 2488: 2486: 2475: 2471: 2460: 2456: 2447: 2445: 2436: 2435: 2431: 2422: 2420: 2407: 2406: 2402: 2392: 2390: 2371: 2367: 2357: 2355: 2351: 2312: 2306: 2302: 2293: 2291: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2266: 2244: 2240: 2231: 2229: 2216: 2215: 2211: 2202: 2200: 2185: 2184: 2175: 2140: 2136: 2127: 2125: 2110: 2106: 2097: 2095: 2081: 2070: 2058: 2056: 2042: 2035: 2026: 2024: 2020: 2005: 1999: 1992: 1983: 1981: 1968: 1967: 1960: 1917: 1913: 1908: 1903: 1863: 1843:Social shopping 1838:Social commerce 1777:Crowd computing 1773:of social media 1761:Cloud computing 1756: 1670:. For example, 1668:business models 1628:Tim Berners-Lee 1609: 1583: 1560:applied to the 1554: 1510: 1504: 1461: 1456: 1413:word processing 1406: 1388: 1345: 1304: 1187: 1046:and the use of 985: 891:structured data 847: 793:user experience 740:dynamic content 699:cloud computing 639: 637:Characteristics 611:social networks 576:software adage 540:. For example, 464: 395:<marquee> 345:web application 311: 309:Characteristics 278:comment section 211: 206: 200: 184:Tim Berners-Lee 175:platforms, and 165:hosted services 57:that emphasize 34:(also known as 17: 12: 11: 5: 5098: 5088: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5010: 5009: 5006: 5005: 5003: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4971: 4969: 4965: 4964: 4962: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4930: 4928: 4924: 4923: 4921: 4920: 4915: 4910: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4884: 4882: 4878: 4877: 4875: 4874: 4869: 4864: 4859: 4854: 4849: 4844: 4838: 4836: 4832: 4831: 4829: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4807: 4806: 4798: 4791: 4784: 4777: 4770: 4763: 4756: 4744: 4743: 4742: 4730: 4724: 4722: 4715: 4711: 4710: 4708: 4707: 4702: 4697: 4692: 4687: 4682: 4677: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4647: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4622: 4616: 4614: 4613:Related topics 4610: 4609: 4607: 4606: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4576: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4550: 4548: 4544: 4543: 4541: 4540: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4519: 4517: 4513: 4512: 4510: 4509: 4507:World Wide Web 4504: 4499: 4494: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4473: 4471: 4467: 4466: 4459: 4458: 4451: 4444: 4436: 4430: 4429: 4423: 4394: 4387: 4386: 4385: 4384: 4383: 4382:at Wikiversity 4369: 4368:External links 4366: 4363: 4362: 4329: 4279: 4270:|journal= 4226: 4205: 4171: 4144: 4137: 4119: 4084: 4077: 4033: 3998: 3971: 3941: 3911: 3897:. 2005-12-22. 3882: 3868:. 2006-08-22. 3851: 3823: 3801:(2002-06-18). 3790: 3769: 3753:O'Reilly Radar 3739: 3725:. 2006-05-26. 3710: 3682: 3657: 3628: 3615:(6): 761–774. 3595: 3588: 3570: 3536: 3497: 3482: 3446: 3413:(4): 609–623. 3387: 3344: 3296: 3271: 3268:on 2011-08-11. 3252: 3222: 3197: 3172: 3163: 3142: 3139:on 2009-02-17. 3131: 3111: 3102: 3076: 3051: 3044: 3023: 3016: 2994: 2985: 2982:on 2006-11-29. 2962: 2953: 2944: 2918: 2909: 2875: 2862: 2853:|journal= 2815: 2806: 2797:|journal= 2762: 2736: 2717: 2708: 2696: 2638: 2626: 2616:OpenLinkSW.com 2607: 2604:OpenLinkSW.com 2595: 2576: 2547: 2517: 2508:|journal= 2469: 2454: 2440:. 2009-04-23. 2429: 2400: 2365: 2300: 2271: 2264: 2238: 2224:. 2005-08-09. 2209: 2195:. 2006-07-28. 2173: 2134: 2104: 2086:(2005-09-30). 2068: 2033: 1990: 1974:Techopedia.com 1958: 1931:(4): 537–554. 1910: 1909: 1907: 1904: 1902: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1885: 1883:E-learning 2.0 1880: 1875: 1869: 1868: 1867: 1862: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1845: 1840: 1835: 1829: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1768: 1763: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1751: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1727: 1677: 1664:Dot-com bubble 1660: 1639: 1602: 1587:World Wide Web 1582: 1579: 1575:European Union 1553: 1550: 1506:Main article: 1503: 1500: 1465:browser plugin 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1448:dot-com bubble 1405: 1402: 1401: 1400: 1387: 1384: 1344: 1341: 1303: 1300: 1270:Government 2.0 1262:Enterprise 2.0 1253: 1252: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1219: 1210: 1205: 1200: 1186: 1183: 1178: 1177: 1170: 1167: 1128: 1122: 1108: 1102: 1095: 1089: 1086: 1080: 1077:keyword search 1073: 1032: 1031: 1028:digital photos 1017: 995: 984: 981: 875:asynchronously 846: 843: 842: 841: 831: 810: 796: 789: 675:"like" buttons 651:user interface 638: 635: 562:perpetual beta 525:O'Reilly Media 480:browser window 463: 460: 459: 458: 443:shared servers 437:. Support for 431: 409: 402: 383: 368: 333: 322: 310: 307: 219:World Wide Web 210: 207: 202:Main article: 199: 196: 102:World Wide Web 90:Dale Dougherty 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5097: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5045:Internet ages 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5022: 5020: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4972: 4970: 4966: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4931: 4929: 4925: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4885: 4883: 4879: 4873: 4870: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4860: 4858: 4855: 4853: 4850: 4848: 4845: 4843: 4840: 4839: 4837: 4833: 4827: 4826:Semantic HTML 4824: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4803: 4799: 4796: 4792: 4789: 4785: 4782: 4778: 4775: 4771: 4768: 4764: 4761: 4757: 4754: 4750: 4749: 4748: 4745: 4740: 4736: 4735: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4725: 4723: 4719: 4716: 4712: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4698: 4696: 4693: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4681: 4678: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4668: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4617: 4615: 4611: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4599:Semantic wiki 4597: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4551: 4549: 4545: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4520: 4518: 4514: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4474: 4472: 4468: 4464: 4457: 4452: 4450: 4445: 4443: 4438: 4437: 4434: 4426: 4420: 4416: 4412: 4411: 4406: 4405: 4397: 4381: 4376: 4372: 4371: 4357: 4352: 4348: 4344: 4340: 4333: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4301: 4297: 4290: 4283: 4275: 4262: 4244: 4237: 4230: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4209: 4202: 4191: 4187: 4186: 4181: 4175: 4159: 4155: 4148: 4140: 4134: 4130: 4123: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4088: 4080: 4078:9780805093568 4074: 4070: 4056: 4052: 4048: 4044: 4037: 4029: 4025: 4021: 4017: 4013: 4009: 4002: 3986: 3982: 3975: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3945: 3931:on 2009-05-07 3930: 3926: 3922: 3915: 3900: 3896: 3895:The Economist 3892: 3886: 3871: 3867: 3866: 3861: 3855: 3848: 3837: 3833: 3827: 3813:on 2006-06-13 3812: 3808: 3804: 3800: 3799:O'Reilly, Tim 3794: 3780:. EUIPO. 2007 3779: 3773: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3743: 3728: 3724: 3720: 3714: 3699: 3695: 3689: 3687: 3672:on 2007-12-17 3671: 3667: 3661: 3646: 3642: 3638: 3632: 3623: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3599: 3591: 3585: 3581: 3574: 3566: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3547: 3545: 3543: 3541: 3522: 3518: 3511: 3504: 3502: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3479: 3475: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3457: 3450: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3401: 3394: 3392: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3360:(1): 93–106. 3359: 3355: 3348: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3305: 3303: 3301: 3285: 3281: 3275: 3267: 3263: 3256: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3226: 3217: 3212: 3208: 3201: 3186: 3182: 3176: 3167: 3159: 3155: 3154: 3146: 3138: 3134: 3128: 3124: 3123: 3115: 3106: 3091: 3087: 3084:Karp, Scott. 3080: 3065: 3061: 3055: 3047: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3027: 3019: 3013: 3008: 3007: 2998: 2989: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2966: 2957: 2948: 2933: 2929: 2922: 2913: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2879: 2872: 2866: 2858: 2845: 2830: 2826: 2819: 2810: 2802: 2789: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2766: 2752:on 2007-05-15 2751: 2747: 2740: 2734: 2730: 2727: 2721: 2712: 2703: 2701: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2649: 2642: 2633: 2631: 2624: 2620: 2617: 2611: 2605: 2599: 2593: 2589: 2586: 2580: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2551: 2535: 2531: 2530:HowStuffWorks 2527: 2521: 2513: 2500: 2484: 2480: 2473: 2465: 2458: 2443: 2439: 2433: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2404: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2369: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2311: 2304: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2275: 2267: 2261: 2257: 2252: 2251: 2242: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2213: 2198: 2194: 2193: 2188: 2182: 2180: 2178: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2138: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2108: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2084:O'Reilly, Tim 2079: 2077: 2075: 2073: 2065: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2040: 2038: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2004: 1997: 1995: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1965: 1963: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1915: 1911: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1889: 1886: 1884: 1881: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1871: 1870: 1865: 1864: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1849: 1846: 1844: 1841: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1825: 1823: 1820: 1818: 1815: 1813: 1810: 1808: 1805: 1803: 1800: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1762: 1759: 1758: 1747: 1743: 1740: 1739:Accessibility 1736: 1732: 1728: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1706: 1705: 1699: 1698: 1693: 1692: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1675: 1674: 1673:The Economist 1669: 1665: 1661: 1658: 1653: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1607: 1603: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1591: 1590: 1588: 1578: 1576: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1549: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1509: 1499: 1497: 1493: 1488: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1451: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1398: 1397: 1396: 1394: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1368: 1362: 1359: 1354: 1351: 1340: 1338: 1334: 1333: 1332:Business Week 1328: 1327: 1323: 1316: 1313: 1309: 1299: 1295: 1290: 1287: 1281: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1195: 1194: 1192: 1182: 1175: 1171: 1168: 1165: 1164:Windows Media 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1087: 1084: 1081: 1078: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1067: 1066: 1064: 1059: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1018: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 996: 993: 990: 989: 988: 980: 978: 974: 970: 966: 962: 958: 954: 950: 947:, as well as 946: 942: 938: 934: 930: 925: 923: 917: 915: 911: 907: 902: 900: 894: 892: 888: 884: 878: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 856: 852: 839: 835: 832: 830: 826: 822: 818: 814: 811: 808: 804: 800: 797: 794: 790: 787: 783: 780: 779: 778: 772: 767: 763: 761: 757: 753: 749: 748:Web standards 745: 741: 736: 734: 730: 726: 724: 723:radical trust 720: 711: 706: 702: 700: 696: 692: 688: 682: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 660: 657:("apps") and 656: 652: 648: 644: 633: 631: 627: 621: 619: 614: 612: 608: 607: 602: 598: 596: 595:TIME magazine 589: 587: 586:entrepreneurs 583: 579: 575: 571: 567: 563: 559: 555: 549: 547: 541: 539: 535: 530: 529:John Battelle 526: 521: 517: 513: 509: 504: 502: 498: 494: 490: 487:Writing when 484: 481: 475: 473: 469: 468:Darcy DiNucci 456: 455:email clients 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 429: 425: 421: 417: 413: 410: 407: 403: 400: 396: 392: 391:<blink> 388: 384: 381: 377: 373: 369: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 347:written in a 346: 342: 338: 334: 331: 327: 323: 320: 316: 315: 314: 306: 302: 300: 296: 290: 288: 284: 279: 275: 270: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 244: 240: 236: 232: 228: 224: 220: 216: 213:Web 1.0 is a 205: 195: 193: 189: 185: 180: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 159:sites (e.g., 158: 157:image sharing 154: 151:sites (e.g., 150: 149:video sharing 146: 142: 138: 134: 131:sites (e.g., 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 110: 105: 103: 99: 95: 92:at the first 91: 87: 83: 82:Darcy DiNucci 78: 76: 72: 68: 64: 60: 56: 52: 49: 45: 41: 40:participatory 37: 36:participative 33: 26: 21: 5075:Web services 4903:Microformats 4842:Common Logic 4694: 4547:Applications 4463:Semantic Web 4414: 4400: 4346: 4342: 4332: 4321:. Retrieved 4299: 4296:First Monday 4295: 4282: 4261:cite journal 4250:. Retrieved 4229: 4221: 4218:the original 4208: 4200: 4194:. Retrieved 4183: 4174: 4162:. Retrieved 4147: 4128: 4122: 4097: 4093: 4087: 4068: 4059:. Retrieved 4050: 4047:First Monday 4046: 4036: 4014:(2): 33–58. 4011: 4007: 4001: 3989:. Retrieved 3974: 3963:. Retrieved 3954: 3949:Wolf, Gary. 3944: 3933:. Retrieved 3929:the original 3924: 3914: 3903:. Retrieved 3894: 3891:"Bubble 2.0" 3885: 3874:. Retrieved 3863: 3854: 3846: 3840:. Retrieved 3826: 3815:. Retrieved 3811:the original 3806: 3793: 3782:. Retrieved 3772: 3761:. Retrieved 3757:the original 3752: 3742: 3731:. Retrieved 3722: 3713: 3702:. Retrieved 3674:. Retrieved 3670:the original 3660: 3649:. Retrieved 3640: 3631: 3612: 3608: 3598: 3579: 3573: 3556: 3552: 3528:. Retrieved 3516: 3455: 3449: 3438:. Retrieved 3410: 3406: 3357: 3353: 3347: 3314: 3310: 3288:. Retrieved 3274: 3266:the original 3255: 3244:. Retrieved 3235: 3225: 3206: 3200: 3189:. Retrieved 3175: 3170:Miller 10–11 3166: 3158:the original 3152: 3145: 3137:the original 3121: 3114: 3109:Medicine 2.0 3105: 3094:. Retrieved 3079: 3068:. Retrieved 3054: 3035: 3026: 3005: 2997: 2988: 2980:the original 2975: 2965: 2956: 2947: 2936:. Retrieved 2921: 2912: 2901:. Retrieved 2878: 2870: 2865: 2844:cite journal 2833:. Retrieved 2818: 2809: 2788:cite journal 2765: 2754:. Retrieved 2750:the original 2739: 2720: 2711: 2688:. Retrieved 2658:(2): 11–15. 2655: 2651: 2641: 2610: 2598: 2579: 2568:. Retrieved 2560:www.catb.org 2559: 2550: 2540:February 15, 2538:. Retrieved 2529: 2520: 2499:cite journal 2487:. Retrieved 2472: 2463: 2457: 2446:. Retrieved 2432: 2421:. Retrieved 2412: 2403: 2393:23 September 2391:. Retrieved 2382: 2379:First Monday 2378: 2368: 2356:. Retrieved 2320: 2316: 2303: 2292:. Retrieved 2283: 2274: 2249: 2241: 2230:. Retrieved 2221: 2212: 2201:. Retrieved 2190: 2151: 2147: 2137: 2126:. Retrieved 2117: 2107: 2096:. Retrieved 2063: 2057:. Retrieved 2045:Graham, Paul 2025:. Retrieved 2013: 2009: 1982:. Retrieved 1973: 1928: 1924: 1914: 1888:e-government 1878:Business 2.0 1850:(web2fordev) 1832:Semantic Web 1812:Office suite 1771:Connectivity 1723: 1713: 1702: 1697:Sunday Times 1695: 1689: 1671: 1656: 1624:Lotus Domino 1584: 1566:service mark 1555: 1511: 1489: 1462: 1407: 1389: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1363: 1355: 1346: 1337:social media 1330: 1320: 1317: 1305: 1296: 1292: 1283: 1254: 1232:Social media 1188: 1179: 1136:Adobe Reader 1124: 1104: 1091: 1082: 1069: 1060: 1033: 1010:web services 986: 971:, etc.) and 926: 918: 903: 895: 879: 848: 845:Technologies 776: 737: 727: 715: 683: 659:file storage 643:user account 640: 623: 618:Lev Grossman 615: 604: 603:). That is, 600: 594: 590: 551: 543: 510:, Facebook, 505: 486: 477: 465: 451:email client 441:was rare on 428:text editors 420:web browsers 385:Proprietary 319:dynamic HTML 312: 304: 292: 286: 271: 212: 192:Semantic Web 181: 145:folksonomies 129:social media 109:social media 106: 86:Tim O'Reilly 79: 51: 47: 43: 39: 35: 31: 30: 4939:Dublin Core 4665:Library 2.0 4533:Linked data 4349:(1): 5–12. 4008:Social Text 2976:ZDNet blogs 2889:"Knowledge" 2489:20 February 1925:Information 1899:Science 2.0 1707:interview, 1681:Andrew Keen 1620:Lotus Notes 1459:XML and RSS 1417:spreadsheet 1395:notes that 1367:TripAdvisor 1326:PC Magazine 1286:Library 2.0 1278:Paul Miller 1272:, and even 1258:Library 2.0 1250:Rating site 1246:Review site 1152:Oracle Java 1140:Adobe Flash 1112:death metal 929:server-side 910:Adobe Flash 899:Google Docs 855:Web browser 851:client-side 752:scalability 719:"free ride" 574:open source 380:spacer GIFs 370:The use of 263:LiveJournal 231:web servers 63:ease of use 5019:Categories 4949:Schema.org 4685:References 4635:Geotagging 4630:Folksonomy 4523:Dataspaces 4516:Sub-topics 4492:Ontologies 4470:Background 4323:2019-12-13 4252:2017-07-06 4196:2014-09-15 4061:2012-04-28 3965:2015-04-16 3935:2009-06-05 3905:2006-12-20 3876:2007-06-04 3842:2017-06-15 3817:2006-05-27 3784:2010-03-22 3763:2006-06-01 3733:2006-05-27 3704:2011-02-06 3676:2007-12-12 3651:2007-12-12 3530:2017-05-10 3440:2019-12-13 3290:2010-11-14 3246:2017-08-08 3191:2011-02-06 3096:2011-02-06 3070:2010-09-22 2938:2008-04-04 2903:2023-05-11 2835:2015-10-14 2756:2006-08-06 2690:2022-12-02 2570:2015-02-20 2448:2014-09-23 2423:2014-09-23 2358:October 1, 2294:2017-02-15 2232:2012-08-05 2203:2012-08-05 2128:2015-02-28 2098:2006-08-06 2059:2006-08-02 2027:2011-11-04 1984:2018-07-13 1906:References 1894:Health 2.0 1709:Steve Jobs 1685:narcissism 1606:Amazon.com 1540:is known. 1266:Travel 2.0 1198:Podcasting 1191:social web 1185:Social Web 1160:WPS Office 1119:taxonomies 1020:Social Web 867:JavaScript 782:Folksonomy 620:explains: 520:multimedia 406:guestbooks 326:filesystem 299:folksonomy 287:New Media, 283:Terry Flew 171:("apps"), 53:refers to 48:social web 5055:New media 4980:hCalendar 4898:Microdata 4795:N-Triples 4788:Notation3 4714:Standards 4690:Topic map 4528:Hyperdata 4497:Semantics 4482:Hypertext 4477:Databases 4403:(Q131164) 4028:153872482 3925:The Times 3559:: 27–36. 3519:: 26–28. 3460:CiteSeerX 3427:10397/527 3382:142955027 3374:1598-0634 3339:154791353 3331:1054-8408 3211:CiteSeerX 2680:248546789 2672:1520-9202 2168:207429020 2049:"Web 2.0" 2016:(4): 32. 1953:143357345 1945:1369-118X 1807:New media 1745:economy." 1581:Criticism 1558:CMP Media 1552:Trademark 1485:Web feeds 1386:Education 1308:marketing 1302:Marketing 1156:QuickTime 1127:xtensions 1006:RSS feeds 821:Web "app" 807:Knowledge 786:"tagging" 733:Knowledge 710:Knowledge 695:Instagram 671:"tagging" 667:WordPress 570:Knowledge 489:Palm Inc. 274:guestbook 243:GeoCities 75:end users 25:tag cloud 4990:hProduct 4680:Metadata 4487:Internet 4401:Web 2.0 4314:Archived 4243:Archived 4190:Archived 4164:13 April 4158:Archived 4114:38776985 4055:Archived 3991:26 April 3985:Archived 3959:Archived 3899:Archived 3870:Archived 3836:Archived 3727:Archived 3723:Slashdot 3698:Archived 3645:Archived 3521:Archived 3492:18545498 3431:Archived 3284:Archived 3240:Archived 3185:Archived 3090:Archived 3064:Archived 3034:(2008). 2932:Archived 2897:Archived 2829:Archived 2729:Archived 2726:Time.com 2684:Archived 2619:Archived 2588:Archived 2564:Archived 2534:Archived 2483:Archived 2442:Archived 2417:Archived 2387:Archived 2349:Archived 2345:11323639 2288:Archived 2226:Archived 2222:BBC News 2197:Archived 2122:Archived 2092:Archived 2053:Archived 2018:Archived 1978:Archived 1873:Sci-Mate 1754:See also 1643:buzzword 1502:Web APIs 1432:blogging 1289:others." 1274:Porn 2.0 1213:Curating 1203:Blogging 1094:uthoring 1052:plug-ins 983:Concepts 869:and the 744:metadata 558:PageRank 546:paradigm 536:and the 534:Netscape 372:HTML 3.2 351:such as 295:keywords 251:Facebook 237:such as 233:, or on 215:retronym 133:Facebook 55:websites 5025:Web 2.0 5000:hReview 4995:hRecipe 4767:JSON-LD 4760:RDF/XML 4753:triples 4695:Web 2.0 4396:Scholia 4380:Web 2.0 2780:2671399 2325:Bibcode 1508:Web API 1425:WYSIWYG 1280:argues 1208:Tagging 1169:Signals 1148:ActiveX 1014:mashups 927:On the 922:widgets 838:hackers 827:) or a 712:article 647:profile 630:MySpace 626:YouTube 512:Twitter 462:Web 2.0 404:Online 255:Blogger 247:Myspace 209:Web 1.0 198:History 153:YouTube 121:Web 1.0 32:Web 2.0 4913:SAWSDL 4816:SPARQL 4774:Turtle 4421: 4135: 4112: 4075: 4026: 3586: 3490: 3480: 3462: 3380: 3372: 3337: 3329: 3213: 3129: 3042: 3014: 2778: 2678: 2670: 2343: 2262: 2166: 2154:: 70. 1951: 1943: 1564:for a 1419:, and 1415:, the 1063:SLATES 1040:server 1038:- and 1036:client 941:Python 829:mashup 750:, and 731:calls 687:Amazon 554:Google 516:Google 514:, and 508:Amazon 447:mailto 416:pixels 376:frames 361:Python 259:Tumblr 239:Tripod 188:jargon 161:Flickr 69:, and 4985:hCard 4975:hAtom 4893:GRDDL 4872:SHACL 4645:iXBRL 4604:Solid 4317:(PDF) 4302:(3). 4292:(PDF) 4246:(PDF) 4239:(PDF) 4110:S2CID 4053:(3). 4024:S2CID 3955:Wired 3524:(PDF) 3513:(PDF) 3488:S2CID 3434:(PDF) 3403:(PDF) 3378:S2CID 3335:S2CID 2676:S2CID 2385:(6). 2352:(PDF) 2313:(PDF) 2164:S2CID 2021:(PDF) 2010:Print 2006:(PDF) 1949:S2CID 1704:Wired 1562:USPTO 1440:YouOS 1436:EyeOS 1237:Wikis 1215:with 1072:earch 1002:feeds 914:HTML5 791:Rich 771:Wikia 593:2006 470:, an 435:email 330:RDBMS 229:-run 141:wikis 137:blogs 115:in a 4959:SKOS 4954:SIOC 4944:FOAF 4934:DOAP 4908:RDFa 4888:eRDF 4867:ALPS 4852:RDFS 4811:RRID 4802:TriX 4781:TriG 4728:HTTP 4419:ISBN 4274:help 4166:2012 4133:ISBN 4073:ISBN 3993:2011 3584:ISBN 3478:ISBN 3370:ISSN 3327:ISSN 3127:ISBN 3040:ISBN 3012:ISBN 2857:help 2801:help 2776:SSRN 2668:ISSN 2542:2019 2512:help 2491:2015 2395:2014 2360:2018 2341:PMID 2260:ISBN 1941:ISSN 1854:Web3 1735:AJAX 1622:and 1614:and 1599:HTTP 1595:Ajax 1530:JSON 1518:SOAP 1516:and 1514:REST 1494:and 1492:FOAF 1477:Atom 1438:and 1430:and 1428:wiki 1409:Ajax 1329:and 1162:and 1116:folk 1099:Wiki 973:JSON 965:Atom 951:and 945:Ruby 933:Perl 887:JSON 861:and 859:Ajax 849:The 817:APIs 691:eBay 689:and 606:TIME 582:bugs 568:and 501:HTTP 393:and 387:HTML 365:Ruby 353:Perl 261:and 249:and 88:and 46:and 38:(or 4847:OWL 4821:XML 4747:RDF 4739:URI 4733:IRI 4351:doi 4304:doi 4185:IBM 4102:doi 4016:doi 3865:IBM 3617:doi 3561:doi 3470:doi 3423:hdl 3415:doi 3362:doi 3319:doi 2660:doi 2333:doi 2321:410 2192:IBM 2156:doi 1933:doi 1652:IBM 1538:URI 1528:or 1526:XML 1496:XFN 1481:XML 1473:RDF 1469:RSS 1248:or 1217:RSS 1174:RSS 1107:ags 969:RSS 961:XML 937:PHP 906:W3C 885:or 883:XML 877:). 645:or 601:You 497:WAP 412:GIF 363:or 357:PHP 339:or 301:)." 227:ISP 163:), 155:), 135:), 127:or 44:web 5021:: 4347:14 4345:. 4341:. 4312:. 4300:13 4298:. 4294:. 4265:: 4263:}} 4259:{{ 4241:. 4199:. 4188:. 4182:. 4108:. 4098:13 4096:. 4051:13 4049:. 4045:. 4022:. 4012:18 4010:. 3983:. 3957:. 3953:. 3923:. 3893:. 3862:. 3845:. 3805:. 3751:. 3721:. 3685:^ 3643:. 3639:. 3613:39 3611:. 3607:. 3557:10 3555:. 3539:^ 3515:. 3500:^ 3486:. 3476:. 3468:. 3429:. 3421:. 3411:29 3409:. 3405:. 3390:^ 3376:. 3368:. 3358:12 3356:. 3333:. 3325:. 3315:30 3313:. 3299:^ 3238:. 3234:. 3209:. 3062:. 2974:. 2895:. 2891:. 2848:: 2846:}} 2842:{{ 2792:: 2790:}} 2786:{{ 2699:^ 2682:. 2674:. 2666:. 2656:24 2654:. 2650:. 2629:^ 2562:. 2558:. 2528:. 2503:: 2501:}} 2497:{{ 2415:. 2411:. 2383:13 2381:. 2377:. 2347:. 2339:. 2331:. 2319:. 2315:. 2286:. 2282:. 2258:. 2220:. 2189:. 2176:^ 2162:. 2152:12 2150:. 2146:. 2120:. 2116:. 2071:^ 2062:. 2051:. 2036:^ 2014:53 2012:. 2008:. 1993:^ 1976:. 1972:. 1961:^ 1947:. 1939:. 1929:15 1927:. 1923:. 1548:. 1487:. 1423:. 1324:, 1268:, 1244:: 1158:, 1154:, 1150:, 1146:, 1142:, 1138:, 1121:). 1030:). 1012:, 1008:, 1004:, 979:. 967:, 943:, 939:, 935:, 746:, 742:, 681:. 653:, 426:, 422:, 359:, 355:, 332:). 257:, 179:. 167:, 143:, 139:, 77:. 65:, 61:, 42:) 23:A 4455:e 4448:t 4441:v 4427:. 4407:. 4359:. 4353:: 4326:. 4306:: 4276:) 4272:( 4255:. 4168:. 4141:. 4116:. 4104:: 4081:. 4064:. 4030:. 4018:: 3995:. 3968:. 3938:. 3908:. 3879:. 3820:. 3787:. 3766:. 3736:. 3707:. 3679:. 3654:. 3625:. 3619:: 3592:. 3567:. 3563:: 3533:. 3494:. 3472:: 3443:. 3425:: 3417:: 3384:. 3364:: 3341:. 3321:: 3293:. 3249:. 3219:. 3194:. 3099:. 3073:. 3048:. 3020:. 2941:. 2906:. 2859:) 2855:( 2838:. 2803:) 2799:( 2782:. 2759:. 2693:. 2662:: 2573:. 2544:. 2514:) 2510:( 2493:. 2451:. 2426:. 2397:. 2362:. 2335:: 2327:: 2297:. 2268:. 2256:1 2235:. 2206:. 2170:. 2158:: 2131:. 2101:. 2030:. 1987:. 1955:. 1935:: 1166:. 1125:E 1105:T 1092:A 1083:L 1079:. 1070:S 1016:. 963:( 853:( 823:( 599:( 408:. 401:. 382:. 367:. 321:. 297:( 50:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index