148:
126:
1539:
467:
1369:
Marvaldi, Adriana E.; Duckett, Catherine N.; Kjer, Karl M.; Gillespie, Joseph J. (2009). "Structural alignment of 18S and 28S rDNA sequences provides insights into phylogeny of
Phytophaga (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea and Chrysomeloidea)".
483:
Because so many species exist in such diversity, the higher classification of weevils is in a state of flux. They are generally divided into two major divisions, the
Orthoceri or primitive weevils, and the Gonatoceri or true weevils
492:
proposed a third division, the
Heteromorphi, for several intermediate forms. Primitive weevils are distinguished by having straight antennae, while true weevils have elbowed (geniculate) antennae. The elbow occurs at the end of the
429:-possessing insects are known for. The mouthparts are often used to excavate tunnels into grains. In more derived weevils, the rostrum has a groove in which the weevil can fold the first segment of its antennae.
367:, which while morphologically dissimilar to other weevils in lacking the distinctive snout, is a subfamily of Curculionidae. Some other beetles, although not closely related, bear the name "weevil", such as the
1140:
Shin, Seunggwan; Clarke, Dave J.; Lemmon, Alan R.; Lemmon, Emily
Moriarty; Aitken, Alexander L.; Haddad, Stephanie; Farrell, Brian D.; Marvaldi, Adriana E.; Oberprieler, Rolf G.; McKenna, Duane D. (2018).
1056:
930:
1332:
Marvaldi, A. E.; Morrone, J. J. (2000). "Phylogenetic systematics of weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea): A reappraisal based on larval and adult morphology".
1072:
955:. Males measure up to 90 mm (3.5 in) and females 50 mm (2.0 in), although there is an extreme range of body sizes in both sexes.
3698:
497:(first antennal segment) in true weevils, and the scape is usually much longer than the other antennal segments. Some exceptions occur, such as
414:
crops; it lays its eggs inside cotton bolls and the larvae eat their way out. Other weevils are used for biological control of invasive plants.
972:
Moon, Myung-Jin (2015). "Microstructure of mandibulate mouthparts in the greater rice weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)".
3660:
918:
583:
317:
498:
3458:
1481:
507:
3608:
3634:
1096:"Molecular and morphological phylogenetics of weevils (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): do niche shifts accompany diversification?"
1524:
3639:
1571:
948:. Thus, the dimorphism is not attributed to sexual selection. It is a response to ecological demands of egg deposition.
1049:
Australian weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Volume 1. Orthoceri: Anthribidae to
Attelabidae: the primitive weevils
355:. Approximately 97,000 species of weevils are known. They belong to several families, with most of them in the family
1227:"Review of the Jurassic Weevils of the Genus Belonotaris Arnoldi (Coleoptera: Nemonychidae) with a Straight Rostrum"
3587:
3665:
3600:
1543:
602:, with most named in 1993. However, their phylogenetic position is contested, with others considering it part of
1194:"The weevil fauna preserved in Burmese amber—snapshot of a unique, extinct lineage (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)"
942:
is twice as long and its surface is smoother than in the male. The female bores egg channels into the buds of
550:. Most other weevil families were demoted to subfamilies or tribes. Further work resulted in the elevation of
3647:
598:, have sometimes been considered weevils. Genera of the family have only been found in three formations in
147:
3520:
1272:
Legalov, A. A. (2010). "Checklist of
Mesozoic Curculionoidea (Coleoptera) with description of new taxa".
952:
447:
3675:
247:
3511:
1564:
1052:
1029:
1070:
G. Kuschel (1995). "A phylogenetic classification of
Curculionoidea to families and subfamilies".
382:
Many weevils are considered pests because of their ability to damage and kill crops. The grain or
514:
A 1995 classification system to family level was provided by
Kuschel, with updates from Marvaldi
31:
17:
3688:
3473:
571:
494:
3683:
1422:"Phylogenomics of weevils revisited: data curation and modelling compositional heterogeneity"
1143:"Phylogenomic data yield new and robust insights into the phylogeny and evolution of weevils"
579:
1191:
501:, primitive weevils with long scapes and geniculate antennae, while among the true weevils,
3569:
2710:
1304:
575:
567:
554:
to family from placement as a subfamily of
Nemonychidae in 2017 and the recognition of the
422:
1094:
Marvaldi, Adriana E.; Sequeira, Andrea S.; O'Brien, Charles W.; Farrell, Brian D. (2002).
8:
2929:
1557:
609:
The interfamilial relationships of
Curculionoidea have been generally well resolved. The
134:
1448:
1421:
1308:
1399:
1254:
1100:
997:
142:
3525:
3556:
3198:
2615:
1520:
1495:
1472:
1453:
1385:
1372:
1258:
1246:
1174:
1119:
1015:
989:
939:
935:
595:
418:
1403:
1001:
3721:
3295:
3074:
3069:
2992:
2750:
1766:
1490:
1443:
1433:
1389:
1381:
1349:
1341:
1312:
1238:
1205:
1164:
1154:
1109:
981:
489:
368:
256:
341:, known for their elongated snouts. They are usually small – less than 6 mm (
2984:
2937:
2782:
2766:
2442:
2202:
2171:
2086:
2004:
1895:
1863:
1514:
48:
3652:
3561:
1317:
1292:
3595:
3582:
3387:
3338:
3193:
3000:
2668:
2652:
2591:
2486:
2457:
2385:
2349:
2333:
2249:
2194:
2099:
1996:
1845:
1807:
1787:
1683:
1519:. Insects and Arachnids of Canada Series, Part 25. Ottawa: NRC Research Press.
1226:
903:
559:
471:
335:
303:
1242:
1114:
1095:
3715:
3496:
3369:
3173:
3164:
2905:
2876:
2868:
2860:
2834:
2809:
2705:
2692:
2631:
2549:
2452:
2447:
2328:
2262:
2233:
2217:
2181:
2151:
2104:
2058:
2025:
1941:
1933:
1904:
1742:
1549:
1250:
993:
894:
786:
566:. The oldest weevils date to the Middle-Late Jurassic boundary, found in the
563:
547:
485:
356:
295:
83:
1345:
1159:
1142:
985:
3346:
3270:
3016:
3008:
2963:
2947:
2897:
2818:
2774:
2726:
2644:
2557:
2426:
2413:
2393:
2354:
2254:
2241:
2212:
2146:
2134:
2030:
1987:
1970:
1962:
1912:
1750:
1720:
1651:
1640:
1624:
1516:
Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae: Weevils of Canada and Alaska Volume 2
1457:
1438:
1192:
Dave J. Clarke; Ajay Limaye; Duane D. McKenna; Rolf G. Oberprieler (2018).
1178:
1123:
908:
889:
659:
630:
603:
551:
543:
519:
502:
438:
395:
383:
308:
290:
219:
125:
3621:
3535:
3505:
3432:
3403:
3377:
3364:
3304:
3262:
3246:
3238:
3230:
3214:
3206:
3142:
3100:
3092:
3061:
2976:
2955:
2921:
2913:
2826:
2758:
2742:
2734:
2697:
2684:
2660:
2578:
2570:
2520:
2512:
2470:
2434:
2405:
2377:
2372:
2288:
2283:
2275:
2225:
2161:
2156:
2070:
2035:
2020:
2012:
1928:
1920:
1737:
944:
866:
860:
727:
674:
527:
523:
456:
452:
433:
432:
Most weevils have the ability to fly (including pest species such as the
403:
364:
360:
270:
265:
58:
1354:
3548:
3359:
3320:
3312:
3254:
3117:
3079:
3032:
3024:
2844:
2792:
2676:
2607:
2478:
2462:
2418:
2359:
2323:
2303:
2267:
2176:
2166:
2040:
1774:
1758:
1394:
1169:
599:
555:
232:
103:
68:
1210:
1193:
3626:
3424:
3416:
3408:
3395:
3351:
3150:
3125:
3053:
2881:
2852:
2536:
2367:
2341:
2293:
2207:
2109:
2078:
2050:
1883:
1858:
1853:
1834:
1799:
1688:
1671:
1663:
1612:
1600:
878:
771:
610:
535:
426:
352:
280:
209:
179:
159:
108:
3613:
3467:
1420:
Li, Yan-Da; Engel, Michael S.; Tihelka, Erik; Cai, Chenyang (2023).
3543:
3490:
3328:
3278:
3222:
3181:
3130:
2787:
2718:
2599:
2311:
2117:
2091:
1949:
1782:
1729:
1708:
1618:
613:
by Li et al. (2023) based on phylogenomic data is suggested below:
591:
587:
376:
98:
93:
78:
73:
63:
1293:"Fossil History of Curculionoidea (Coleoptera) from the Paleogene"
1093:
3045:
3037:
2889:
2623:
2544:
2528:
884:
872:
749:
705:
539:
531:
460:
436:), though a significant number are flightless, such as the genus
285:
275:
113:
88:
951:
Another example of extreme dimorphism in weevils is that of the
2636:
2129:
1606:
1594:
1581:
1538:
411:
391:
331:
199:
189:
169:
52:
3574:
1368:
522:
analyses. The accepted families were the primitive weevils,
466:
1952:(furniture beetles, death watch beetles, spider beetles)
1016:"What Is a Weevil and How Did That Bug Get in My Food?"
30:
This article is about the beetles. For other uses, see
1139:
1477:: a response to ecological demands of egg deposition"
1473:"Sexual dimorphism in head structures of the weevil
1030:"Weevils on Stored Grain (Department of Entomology)"
914:
900:
313:
300:
1185:
1073:Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington
1419:
3713:
2829:(jewel beetles, or metallic wood-boring beetles)
1034:Department of Entomology (Penn State University)
1331:
1265:
1046:
2552:(true weevils, bark beetles, ambrosia beetles)
1719:
1579:
1089:
1087:
1565:
1513:Bright, Donald E.; Bouchard, Patrice (2008).
2795:(ironclad beetles, cylindrical bark beetles)
511:have short scapes and little or no "elbow".
1084:
578:locality in Inner Mongolia, China, and the
1572:
1558:
1470:
1135:
1133:
1069:
124:
3459:List of subgroups of the order Coleoptera
2539:(straight snout weevils, New York weevil)
1638:
1494:
1482:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
1447:
1437:
1415:
1413:
1393:
1353:
1316:
1209:
1168:
1158:
1113:
478:
2966:(cicada beetle, cicada parasite beetles)
465:
425:instead of the piercing mouthparts that
1290:
1271:
1224:
1130:
14:
3714:
3056:(false fireflies, long-lipped beetles)
1881:
1832:
1410:
3472:
3471:
1880:
1831:
1706:
1705:
1637:
1553:
455:, one of the few insects outside the
3676:b94555b0-f38a-49cd-bb3b-62206cd49bf8
3601:8c1ab279-cc58-408e-9a76-b52edfe0b81c
3082:(false metallic wood-boring beetles)
971:
924:
421:, or elongated snout, hosts chewing
24:
1507:
1334:Insect Systematics & Evolution
25:
3733:
1531:
582:in Australia. The extinct family
2693:Perimylopidae, or Promecheilidae
2278:(minute brown scavenger beetles)
1537:
1496:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01751.x
1471:G. Wilhelm; et al. (2011).
1386:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00360.x
1274:Baltic Journal of Coleopterology
518:in 2002, and was achieved using
146:
56:
2908:(variegated mud-loving beetles)
1464:
1362:
1325:
1284:
1147:Molecular Biology and Evolution
586:, with species dating from the
375:), which belongs to the family
1218:
1063:
1040:
1022:
1008:
965:
13:
1:
2737:(narrow-waisted bark beetles)
2429:(parasitic flat bark beetles)
2380:(short-winged flower beetles)
2236:(lady beetles, or God's cows)
1973:(tooth-necked fungus beetles)
1225:Legalov, A. A. (April 2022).
958:
3249:(sand-loving scarab beetles)
2639:(minute tree-fungus beetles)
2465:(silvanid flat bark beetles)
934:exhibits an extreme case of
7:
3398:(primitive carrion beetles)
3354:(minute mud-loving beetles)
3217:(bumble bee scarab beetles)
2987:(soft-bodied plant beetles)
2958:(soft bodied plant beetles)
1761:(predaceous diving beetles)
1318:10.3390/geosciences10090358
854:
594:through to tentatively the
10:
3738:
3233:(scavenger scarab beetles)
3225:(enigmatic scarab beetles)
2398:Lamingtonium binnaberrense
2112:(soft-wing flower beetles)
953:New Zealand giraffe weevil
574:locality of Mongolia, the
448:Austroplatypus incompertus
351: in) in length – and
29:
3480:
3456:
3386:
3372:(water scavenger beetles)
3337:
3303:
3294:
3172:
3163:
3116:
3105:Rhinorhipus tamborinensis
3091:
2975:
2946:
2884:(long-toed water beetles)
2843:
2817:
2808:
2777:(polypore fungus beetles)
2679:(palm and flower beetles)
2663:(tumbling flower beetles)
2610:(ant-like flower beetles)
2590:
2569:
2495:
2388:(lined flat bark beetles)
2362:(pleasing fungus beetles)
2302:
2257:(handsome fungus beetles)
2193:
2049:
1995:
1986:
1961:
1903:
1894:
1890:
1876:
1841:
1827:
1802:(burrowing water beetles)
1715:
1701:
1647:
1633:
1589:
1243:10.1134/s0031030122020071
1115:10.1080/10635150290102465
784:
769:
762:
747:
740:
725:
718:
703:
696:
672:
657:
650:
643:
628:
621:
262:
255:
143:Scientific classification
141:
132:
123:
41:
3419:(feather-winged beetles)
2753:(false longhorn beetles)
2700:(jugular-horned beetles)
2647:(false darkling beetles)
2618:(cryptic fungus beetles)
2437:(shining flower beetles)
1777:(crawling water beetles)
1676:Sikhotealinia zhiltzovae
1047:E. C. Zimmerman (1994).
2900:(forest stream beetles)
2761:(synchroa bark beetles)
2721:(dead log bark beetles)
2713:(fire-coloured beetles)
2602:(ant-like leaf beetles)
2336:(silken fungus beetles)
2270:(well polished beetles)
2244:(minute fungus beetles)
2063:Acanthocnemus nigricans
1475:Rhopalapion longirostre
1346:10.1163/187631200X00309
1231:Paleontological Journal
986:10.1111/1748-5967.12086
931:Rhopalapion longirostre
881:—straight snout weevils
546:, and the true weevils
445:One species of weevil,
32:Weevil (disambiguation)
3411:(round fungus beetles)
2745:(false flower beetles)
2729:(wedge-shaped beetles)
2687:(false blister beetle)
2671:(hairy fungus beetles)
2626:(conifer bark beetles)
2523:(leaf-rolling weevils)
2184:(bark-gnawing beetles)
1944:(wounded-tree beetles)
1810:(false ground beetles)
1732:(trout-stream beetles)
1439:10.1098/rsbl.2023.0307
974:Entomological Research
479:Taxonomy and phylogeny
475:
27:Superfamily of beetles
3684:Paleobiology Database
3323:(false clown beetles)
3145:(plate-thigh beetles)
3027:(false click beetles)
2932:(water-penny beetles)
2581:(ship-timber beetles)
2560:(pine flower weevils)
2408:(root-eating beetles)
2228:(minute bark beetles)
2139:Phloiophilus edwardsi
1666:(reticulated beetles)
1160:10.1093/molbev/msx324
869:—leaf rolling weevils
469:
402:), among others. The
3596:Fauna Europaea (new)
3201:(false stag beetles)
3186:Belohina inexpectata
3048:(net-winged beetles)
3011:(rare click beetles)
2924:(travertine beetles)
2916:(minute mud beetles)
2481:(dry-fungus beetles)
2316:Agapytho foveicollis
2073:(false skin beetles)
1936:(Jacobson's beetles)
1656:Crowsoniella relicta
1546:at Wikimedia Commons
1291:Legalov, A. (2020).
911:—pine flower weevils
568:Karabastau Formation
388:Sitophilus granarius
363:). It also includes
3199:Diphyllostomatidae
2531:(primitive weevils)
2344:(flat bark beetles)
2094:(checkered beetles)
2081:(fruitworm beetles)
1769:(whirligig beetles)
1309:2020Geosc..10..358L
570:of Kazakhstan, the
135:Lixus pulverulentus
3064:(glowworm beetles)
2769:(darkling beetles)
2616:Archeocrypticidae
2473:(palmetto beetles)
2220:(dry bark beetles)
2007:(longhorn beetles)
1101:Systematic Biology
1059:. pp. 741 pp.
875:—primitive weevils
476:
408:Anthonomus grandis
400:Sitophilus zeamais
373:Stegobium paniceum
3709:
3708:
3474:Taxon identifiers
3465:
3464:
3452:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3436:
3428:
3427:(carrion beetles)
3420:
3412:
3399:
3373:
3355:
3324:
3316:
3290:
3289:
3282:
3274:
3266:
3258:
3250:
3242:
3234:
3226:
3218:
3210:
3202:
3189:
3159:
3158:
3146:
3138:
3108:
3083:
3065:
3057:
3049:
3041:
3028:
3020:
3012:
3004:
3003:(soldier beetles)
2996:
2993:Brachypsectridae
2988:
2967:
2959:
2933:
2925:
2917:
2909:
2901:
2893:
2885:
2872:
2864:
2856:
2830:
2804:
2803:
2796:
2778:
2770:
2762:
2754:
2751:Stenotrachelidae
2746:
2738:
2730:
2722:
2714:
2701:
2688:
2680:
2672:
2664:
2656:
2655:(blister beetles)
2648:
2640:
2627:
2619:
2611:
2603:
2582:
2561:
2553:
2540:
2532:
2524:
2516:
2506:
2482:
2474:
2466:
2438:
2430:
2422:
2409:
2401:
2389:
2381:
2363:
2345:
2337:
2319:
2279:
2271:
2258:
2245:
2237:
2229:
2221:
2203:Akalyptoischiidae
2185:
2142:
2125:
2113:
2095:
2082:
2074:
2066:
2016:
2008:
1982:
1981:
1974:
1953:
1945:
1937:
1924:
1916:
1872:
1871:
1849:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1811:
1803:
1795:
1778:
1770:
1762:
1754:
1746:
1733:
1697:
1696:
1679:
1667:
1659:
1542:Media related to
1525:978-0-660-19400-4
1373:Zoologica Scripta
1211:10.3390/d11010001
936:sexual dimorphism
925:Sexual dimorphism
851:
850:
842:
841:
833:
832:
824:
823:
815:
814:
806:
805:
797:
796:
685:
684:
390:) damages stored
334:belonging to the
325:
324:
251:
16:(Redirected from
3729:
3702:
3701:
3692:
3691:
3679:
3678:
3669:
3668:
3656:
3655:
3653:NHMSYS0020151949
3643:
3642:
3630:
3629:
3617:
3616:
3604:
3603:
3591:
3590:
3578:
3577:
3565:
3564:
3552:
3551:
3539:
3538:
3529:
3528:
3516:
3515:
3514:
3501:
3500:
3499:
3469:
3468:
3434:
3426:
3418:
3410:
3397:
3371:
3353:
3322:
3314:
3301:
3300:
3296:Staphyliniformia
3280:
3272:
3264:
3256:
3248:
3240:
3232:
3224:
3216:
3208:
3200:
3183:
3170:
3169:
3144:
3135:Declinia relicta
3132:
3102:
3081:
3075:Sinopyrophoridae
3070:Rhagophthalmidae
3063:
3055:
3047:
3039:
3026:
3018:
3010:
3002:
2994:
2986:
2985:Artematopodidae
2965:
2957:
2931:
2923:
2915:
2907:
2899:
2892:(riffle beetles)
2891:
2883:
2871:(turtle beetles)
2870:
2862:
2854:
2828:
2815:
2814:
2794:
2776:
2768:
2760:
2752:
2744:
2736:
2728:
2720:
2712:
2699:
2686:
2678:
2670:
2662:
2654:
2646:
2638:
2625:
2617:
2609:
2601:
2580:
2559:
2551:
2538:
2530:
2522:
2515:(fungus weevils)
2514:
2505:
2504:
2500:
2487:Tasmosalpingidae
2480:
2472:
2464:
2436:
2428:
2420:
2407:
2395:
2387:
2379:
2361:
2343:
2335:
2313:
2277:
2269:
2256:
2243:
2235:
2227:
2219:
2183:
2136:
2119:
2111:
2093:
2080:
2072:
2060:
2059:Acanthocnemidae
2014:
2006:
1993:
1992:
1972:
1951:
1943:
1935:
1922:
1914:
1901:
1900:
1892:
1891:
1878:
1877:
1847:
1829:
1828:
1809:
1801:
1789:
1776:
1768:
1760:
1752:
1745:(ground beetles)
1744:
1731:
1717:
1716:
1703:
1702:
1673:
1665:
1653:
1652:Crowsoniellidae
1635:
1634:
1574:
1567:
1560:
1551:
1550:
1541:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1451:
1441:
1417:
1408:
1407:
1397:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1329:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1204:(1): Article 1.
1189:
1183:
1182:
1172:
1162:
1137:
1128:
1127:
1117:
1091:
1082:
1081:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1012:
1006:
1005:
969:
916:
902:
765:
764:
743:
742:
721:
720:
699:
698:
653:
652:
646:
645:
624:
623:
617:
616:
350:
349:
345:
315:
302:
246:
151:
150:
128:
118:
55:
45:Temporal range:
39:
38:
21:
3737:
3736:
3732:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3726:
3712:
3711:
3710:
3705:
3697:
3695:
3687:
3682:
3674:
3672:
3664:
3659:
3651:
3646:
3638:
3633:
3625:
3620:
3612:
3607:
3599:
3594:
3586:
3581:
3573:
3568:
3560:
3555:
3547:
3542:
3534:
3532:
3524:
3519:
3510:
3509:
3504:
3495:
3494:
3489:
3476:
3466:
3461:
3440:
3382:
3333:
3315:(clown beetles)
3286:
3257:(betsy beetles)
3165:Scarabaeiformia
3155:
3112:
3087:
3019:(click beetles)
2995:(Texas beetles)
2971:
2942:
2938:Ptilodactylidae
2863:(cedar beetles)
2839:
2800:
2783:Trictenotomidae
2669:Mycetophagidae
2586:
2565:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2491:
2443:Phloeostichidae
2394:Lamingtoniidae
2386:Laemophloeidae
2334:Cryptophagidae
2298:
2189:
2172:Thanerocleridae
2135:Phloiophilidae
2122:Metaxina ornata
2087:Chaetosomatidae
2045:
1978:
1957:
1915:(auger beetles)
1896:Bostrichiformia
1886:
1868:
1864:Torridincolidae
1848:(skiff beetles)
1846:Hydroscaphidae
1837:
1815:
1808:Trachypachidae
1753:(tiger beetles)
1711:
1693:
1643:
1629:
1585:
1578:
1534:
1510:
1508:Further reading
1505:
1504:
1469:
1465:
1432:(9): 20230307.
1426:Biology Letters
1418:
1411:
1367:
1363:
1330:
1326:
1289:
1285:
1270:
1266:
1223:
1219:
1190:
1186:
1138:
1131:
1092:
1085:
1068:
1064:
1045:
1041:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1014:
1013:
1009:
970:
966:
961:
927:
863:—fungus weevils
857:
852:
843:
834:
825:
816:
807:
798:
686:
490:E. C. Zimmerman
481:
347:
343:
342:
245:
145:
119:
117:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
49:Middle Jurassic
47:
46:
43:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3735:
3725:
3724:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3699:curculionoidea
3693:
3680:
3670:
3657:
3644:
3631:
3618:
3605:
3592:
3583:Fauna Europaea
3579:
3566:
3553:
3540:
3530:
3526:Curculionoidea
3517:
3512:Curculionoidea
3502:
3486:
3484:
3482:Curculionoidea
3478:
3477:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3435:(rove beetles)
3433:Staphylinidae
3430:
3422:
3414:
3406:
3401:
3392:
3390:
3388:Staphylinoidea
3384:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3375:
3370:Hydrophilidae
3367:
3362:
3357:
3349:
3343:
3341:
3339:Hydrophiloidea
3335:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3326:
3318:
3309:
3307:
3298:
3292:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3281:(hide beetles)
3276:
3268:
3265:(rain beetles)
3260:
3252:
3244:
3241:(stag beetles)
3236:
3228:
3220:
3212:
3204:
3196:
3194:Bolboceratidae
3191:
3178:
3176:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3140:
3128:
3122:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3101:Rhinorhipidae
3097:
3095:
3093:Rhinorhipoidea
3089:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3059:
3051:
3043:
3035:
3030:
3022:
3014:
3006:
2998:
2990:
2981:
2979:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2961:
2952:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2927:
2919:
2911:
2906:Heteroceridae
2903:
2895:
2887:
2879:
2874:
2869:Chelonariidae
2866:
2861:Callirhipidae
2858:
2855:(pill beetles)
2849:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2823:
2821:
2812:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2772:
2767:Tenebrionidae
2764:
2756:
2748:
2740:
2732:
2724:
2716:
2708:
2703:
2695:
2690:
2682:
2674:
2666:
2658:
2650:
2642:
2634:
2629:
2621:
2613:
2605:
2596:
2594:
2592:Tenebrionoidea
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2575:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2555:
2550:Curculionidae
2547:
2542:
2534:
2526:
2518:
2509:
2507:
2497:Curculionoidea
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2476:
2468:
2460:
2458:Protocucujidae
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2432:
2424:
2416:
2411:
2403:
2391:
2383:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2357:
2352:
2350:Cybocephalidae
2347:
2339:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2308:
2306:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2273:
2265:
2260:
2252:
2250:Discolomatidae
2247:
2239:
2234:Coccinellidae
2231:
2223:
2218:Bothrideridae
2215:
2210:
2205:
2199:
2197:
2195:Coccinelloidea
2191:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2182:Trogossitidae
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2132:
2127:
2115:
2107:
2102:
2100:Lophocateridae
2097:
2089:
2084:
2076:
2068:
2055:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2015:(leaf beetles)
2013:Chrysomelidae
2010:
2001:
1999:
1997:Chrysomeloidea
1990:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1967:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1947:
1942:Nosodendridae
1939:
1934:Jacobsoniidae
1931:
1926:
1923:(skin beetles)
1918:
1909:
1907:
1898:
1888:
1887:
1874:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1805:
1797:
1792:Meru phyllisae
1785:
1780:
1772:
1764:
1756:
1748:
1740:
1735:
1726:
1724:
1713:
1712:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1686:
1684:Micromalthidae
1681:
1669:
1661:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1627:
1621:
1615:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1577:
1576:
1569:
1562:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1544:Curculionoidea
1533:
1532:External links
1530:
1529:
1528:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1463:
1409:
1361:
1324:
1283:
1264:
1237:(2): 199–207.
1217:
1184:
1153:(4): 823–836.
1129:
1108:(5): 761–785.
1083:
1062:
1053:East Melbourne
1039:
1021:
1007:
963:
962:
960:
957:
926:
923:
922:
921:
912:
906:
904:Mesophyletidae
898:
892:
887:
882:
876:
870:
864:
856:
853:
849:
848:
845:
844:
840:
839:
836:
835:
831:
830:
827:
826:
822:
821:
818:
817:
813:
812:
809:
808:
804:
803:
800:
799:
795:
794:
791:
790:
783:
780:
779:
776:
775:
768:
763:
761:
758:
757:
754:
753:
746:
741:
739:
736:
735:
732:
731:
724:
719:
717:
714:
713:
710:
709:
702:
697:
695:
692:
691:
688:
687:
683:
682:
679:
678:
671:
668:
667:
664:
663:
656:
651:
649:
644:
642:
639:
638:
635:
634:
627:
622:
620:
615:
580:Talbragar site
560:Mesophyletidae
480:
477:
472:Curculio nucum
394:, as does the
369:biscuit weevil
339:Curculionoidea
323:
322:
321:
320:
311:
306:
304:Mesophyletidae
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
260:
259:
253:
252:
243:Curculionoidea
240:
236:
235:
230:
223:
222:
217:
213:
212:
207:
203:
202:
197:
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
139:
138:
130:
129:
121:
120:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
44:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3734:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3700:
3694:
3690:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3671:
3667:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3610:
3606:
3602:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3518:
3513:
3507:
3503:
3498:
3492:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3470:
3460:
3455:
3437:
3431:
3429:
3423:
3421:
3415:
3413:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3336:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3321:Sphaeritidae
3319:
3317:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3283:
3277:
3275:
3271:Scarabaeidae
3269:
3267:
3261:
3259:
3253:
3251:
3245:
3243:
3237:
3235:
3229:
3227:
3221:
3219:
3213:
3211:
3209:(dor beetles)
3205:
3203:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3174:Scarabaeoidea
3171:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3109:
3106:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3094:
3090:
3084:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3060:
3058:
3052:
3050:
3044:
3042:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3023:
3021:
3015:
3013:
3009:Cerophytidae
3007:
3005:
2999:
2997:
2991:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2968:
2964:Rhipiceridae
2962:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2928:
2926:
2920:
2918:
2912:
2910:
2904:
2902:
2898:Eulichadidae
2896:
2894:
2888:
2886:
2880:
2878:
2877:Cneoglossidae
2875:
2873:
2867:
2865:
2859:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2842:
2836:
2835:Schizopodidae
2833:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2810:Elateriformia
2807:
2797:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2775:Tetratomidae
2773:
2771:
2765:
2763:
2757:
2755:
2749:
2747:
2741:
2739:
2733:
2731:
2727:Ripiphoridae
2725:
2723:
2717:
2715:
2711:Pyrochroidae
2709:
2707:
2706:Pterogeniidae
2704:
2702:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2683:
2681:
2675:
2673:
2667:
2665:
2659:
2657:
2651:
2649:
2645:Melandryidae
2643:
2641:
2635:
2633:
2632:Chalcodryidae
2630:
2628:
2622:
2620:
2614:
2612:
2606:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2589:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2562:
2558:Nemonychidae
2556:
2554:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2535:
2533:
2527:
2525:
2519:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2498:
2494:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2477:
2475:
2469:
2467:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2453:Propalticidae
2451:
2449:
2448:Priasilphidae
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2433:
2431:
2427:Passandridae
2425:
2423:
2421:(sap beetles)
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2392:
2390:
2384:
2382:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2340:
2338:
2332:
2330:
2329:Cavognathidae
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2310:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2274:
2272:
2266:
2264:
2263:Eupsilobiidae
2261:
2259:
2255:Endomychidae
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2242:Corylophidae
2240:
2238:
2232:
2230:
2224:
2222:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2186:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2157:Protopeltidae
2155:
2153:
2152:Prionoceridae
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2116:
2114:
2108:
2106:
2105:Mauroniscidae
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2077:
2075:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2026:Megalopodidae
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2011:
2009:
2005:Cerambycidae
2003:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1975:
1971:Derodontidae
1969:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1963:Derodontoidea
1960:
1954:
1948:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1932:
1930:
1929:Endecatomidae
1927:
1925:
1919:
1917:
1913:Bostrichidae
1911:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1905:Bostrichoidea
1902:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1879:
1875:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1859:Sphaeriusidae
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1826:
1812:
1806:
1804:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1773:
1771:
1765:
1763:
1757:
1755:
1751:Cicindelidae
1749:
1747:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1700:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1670:
1668:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1632:
1626:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1583:
1575:
1570:
1568:
1563:
1561:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1545:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1511:
1497:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1476:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1416:
1414:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1365:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1328:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1287:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1221:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1188:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1136:
1134:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1090:
1088:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1066:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1035:
1031:
1025:
1017:
1011:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
968:
964:
956:
954:
949:
947:
946:
941:
938:. The female
937:
933:
932:
920:
913:
910:
907:
905:
899:
897:—true weevils
896:
895:Curculionidae
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
858:
847:
846:
838:
837:
829:
828:
820:
819:
811:
810:
802:
801:
793:
792:
789:
788:
787:Curculionidae
782:
781:
778:
777:
774:
773:
767:
766:
760:
759:
756:
755:
752:
751:
745:
744:
738:
737:
734:
733:
730:
729:
723:
722:
716:
715:
712:
711:
708:
707:
701:
700:
694:
693:
690:
689:
681:
680:
677:
676:
670:
669:
666:
665:
662:
661:
655:
654:
648:
647:
641:
640:
637:
636:
633:
632:
626:
625:
619:
618:
614:
612:
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
590:stage of the
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
564:Burmese amber
562:in 2018 from
561:
557:
553:
549:
548:Curculionidae
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
512:
510:
509:
504:
500:
496:
491:
487:
486:Curculionidae
474:
473:
468:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
449:
443:
441:
440:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
415:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
357:Curculionidae
354:
340:
337:
333:
329:
319:
312:
310:
307:
305:
299:
297:
296:Curculionidae
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
263:
261:
258:
254:
249:
244:
241:
239:Superfamily:
238:
237:
234:
231:
228:
225:
224:
221:
218:
215:
214:
211:
208:
205:
204:
201:
198:
195:
194:
191:
188:
185:
184:
181:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
149:
144:
140:
137:
136:
131:
127:
122:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
54:
50:
40:
37:
33:
19:
3481:
3360:Helophoridae
3352:Georissidae
3347:Epimetopidae
3263:Pleocomidae
3247:Ochodaeidae
3231:Hybosoridae
3215:Glaphyridae
3207:Geotrupidae
3185:
3182:Belohinidae
3143:Eucinetidae
3134:
3131:Decliniidae
3104:
3062:Phengodidae
3001:Cantharidae
2956:Dascillidae
2948:Dascilloidea
2930:Psephenidae
2922:Lutrochidae
2914:Limnichidae
2827:Buprestidae
2819:Buprestoidea
2759:Synchroidae
2743:Scraptiidae
2735:Salpingidae
2698:Prostomidae
2685:Oedemeridae
2661:Mordellidae
2579:Lymexylidae
2571:Lymexyloidea
2521:Attelabidae
2513:Anthribidae
2496:
2471:Smicripidae
2435:Phalacridae
2419:Nitidulidae
2414:Myraboliidae
2406:Monotomidae
2397:
2378:Kateretidae
2355:Cyclaxyridae
2315:
2312:Agapythidae
2276:Latridiidae
2226:Cerylonidae
2213:Anamorphidae
2147:Phycosecidae
2138:
2121:
2118:Metaxinidae
2071:Biphyllidae
2062:
2031:Orsodacnidae
1988:Cucujiformia
1921:Dermestidae
1791:
1730:Amphizoidae
1675:
1655:
1641:Archostemata
1625:Holometabola
1623:Superorder:
1617:Infraclass:
1515:
1486:
1480:
1474:
1466:
1429:
1425:
1377:
1371:
1364:
1355:11336/152180
1337:
1333:
1327:
1300:
1296:
1286:
1280:(1): 71–101.
1277:
1273:
1267:
1234:
1230:
1220:
1201:
1197:
1187:
1150:
1146:
1105:
1099:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1048:
1042:
1033:
1024:
1010:
977:
973:
967:
950:
943:
929:
928:
909:Nemonychidae
890:Cimberididae
785:
770:
748:
726:
704:
673:
660:Nemonychidae
658:
631:Cimberididae
629:
608:
604:Archostemata
552:Cimberididae
544:Nemonychidae
520:phylogenetic
515:
513:
506:
503:Gonipterinae
482:
470:
446:
444:
439:Otiorhynchus
437:
431:
416:
407:
399:
396:maize weevil
387:
384:wheat weevil
381:
372:
365:bark beetles
361:true weevils
338:
327:
326:
309:Nemonychidae
291:Cimberididae
242:
226:
220:Cucujiformia
216:Infraorder:
133:
36:
3622:iNaturalist
3506:Wikispecies
3404:Hydraenidae
3378:Spercheidae
3365:Hydrochidae
3329:Synteliidae
3313:Histeridae
3305:Histeroidea
3255:Passalidae
3223:Glaresidae
3080:Throscidae
3040:(fireflies)
3038:Lampyridae
3025:Eucnemidae
3017:Elateridae
2977:Elateroidea
2793:Zopheridae
2677:Mycteridae
2608:Anthicidae
2479:Sphindidae
2463:Silvanidae
2373:Hobartiidae
2360:Erotylidae
2289:Mycetaeidae
2284:Murmidiidae
2268:Euxestidae
2162:Rentoniidae
2036:Oxypeltidae
2021:Disteniidae
1854:Lepiceridae
1783:Hygrobiidae
1775:Haliplidae
1759:Dytiscidae
1738:Aspidytidae
1489:: 642–660.
1395:11336/92765
1297:Geosciences
1170:11336/57287
980:(1): 9–15.
945:Alcea rosea
919:Obrieniidae
867:Attelabidae
861:Anthribidae
728:Attelabidae
675:Anthribidae
584:Obrieniidae
558:age family
528:Attelabidae
524:Anthribidae
457:Hymenoptera
453:eusociality
451:, exhibits
434:rice weevil
417:A weevil's
404:boll weevil
353:herbivorous
336:superfamily
318:Obrieniidae
271:Attelabidae
266:Anthribidae
3425:Silphidae
3417:Ptiliidae
3409:Leiodidae
3396:Agyrtidae
3239:Lucanidae
3118:Scirtoidea
3054:Omethidae
3033:Jurasaidae
2882:Dryopidae
2853:Byrrhidae
2845:Byrrhoidea
2537:Brentidae
2342:Cucujidae
2324:Boganiidae
2304:Cucujoidea
2177:Thymalidae
2167:Rhadalidae
2110:Melyridae
2079:Byturidae
2041:Vesperidae
1950:Ptiniidae
1800:Noteridae
1767:Gyrinidae
1743:Carabidae
1672:Jurodidae
1664:Cupedidae
1611:Subclass:
1601:Arthropoda
1582:Coleoptera
1303:(9): 358.
959:References
600:Kazakhstan
556:Cretaceous
499:Nanophyini
463:to do so.
423:mouthparts
410:) attacks
233:Phytophaga
206:Suborder:
200:Coleoptera
180:Arthropoda
3279:Trogidae
3273:(scarabs)
3151:Scirtidae
3126:Clambidae
2719:Pythidae
2653:Meloidae
2600:Aderidae
2503:(weevils)
2368:Helotidae
2294:Teredidae
2208:Alexiidae
2092:Cleridae
2051:Cleroidea
1884:Polyphaga
1882:Suborder
1835:Myxophaga
1833:Suborder
1788:Meruidae
1707:Suborder
1689:Ommatidae
1639:Suborder
1613:Pterygota
1593:Kingdom:
1380:: 63–77.
1340:: 43–58.
1259:248303405
1251:0031-0301
1198:Diversity
994:1748-5967
879:Brentidae
772:Brentidae
611:phylogeny
596:Oxfordian
536:Brentidae
427:proboscis
281:Brentidae
248:Latreille
210:Polyphaga
166:Kingdom:
160:Eukaryota
3716:Category
3544:BugGuide
3533:BioLib:
3491:Wikidata
3046:Lycidae
2890:Elmidae
2788:Ulodidae
2624:Boridae
2529:Belidae
2130:Peltidae
1723:families
1709:Adephaga
1619:Neoptera
1599:Phylum:
1595:Animalia
1584:families
1458:37727076
1449:10509570
1404:84345520
1179:29294021
1124:12396590
1002:82634306
855:Families
592:Triassic
588:Ladinian
576:Daohugou
572:Shar-Teg
461:Isoptera
459:and the
377:Ptinidae
257:Families
176:Phylum:
170:Animalia
156:Domain:
3722:Weevils
3497:Q383963
2637:Ciidae
2545:Caridae
1607:Insecta
1605:Class:
1580:Extant
1305:Bibcode
1080:: 5–33.
940:rostrum
885:Caridae
873:Belidae
750:Caridae
706:Belidae
540:Caridae
532:Belidae
508:Ramphus
419:rostrum
346:⁄
332:beetles
328:Weevils
286:Caridae
276:Belidae
196:Order:
190:Insecta
186:Class:
42:Weevils
18:Weevils
3673:NZOR:
3640:114654
1721:Extant
1523:
1456:
1446:
1402:
1257:
1249:
1177:
1122:
1000:
992:
542:, and
516:et al.
412:cotton
250:, 1802
53:Recent
3696:PPE:
3689:69421
3666:71529
3627:60473
3588:11170
3549:40621
3536:10123
1400:S2CID
1255:S2CID
1057:CSIRO
998:S2CID
495:scape
392:grain
359:(the
227:Clade
3661:NCBI
3635:ITIS
3614:1876
3609:GBIF
1521:ISBN
1454:PMID
1247:ISSN
1175:PMID
1120:PMID
990:ISSN
505:and
330:are
59:PreꞒ
3648:NBN
3575:739
3570:EoL
3557:CoL
3521:AFD
1491:doi
1487:104
1444:PMC
1434:doi
1390:hdl
1382:doi
1350:hdl
1342:doi
1313:doi
1239:doi
1206:doi
1165:hdl
1155:doi
1110:doi
982:doi
488:).
3718::
3686::
3663::
3650::
3637::
3624::
3611::
3598::
3585::
3572::
3562:CC
3559::
3546::
3523::
3508::
3493::
1485:.
1479:.
1452:.
1442:.
1430:19
1428:.
1424:.
1412:^
1398:.
1388:.
1378:38
1376:.
1348:.
1338:31
1336:.
1311:.
1301:10
1299:.
1295:.
1278:10
1276:.
1253:.
1245:.
1235:56
1233:.
1229:.
1202:11
1200:.
1196:.
1173:.
1163:.
1151:35
1149:.
1145:.
1132:^
1118:.
1106:51
1104:.
1098:.
1086:^
1078:14
1076:.
1055::
1051:.
1032:.
996:.
988:.
978:45
976:.
606:.
538:,
534:,
530:,
526:,
442:.
379:.
229::
109:Pg
51:-
3188:)
3184:(
3137:)
3133:(
3107:)
3103:(
2400:)
2396:(
2318:)
2314:(
2141:)
2137:(
2124:)
2120:(
2065:)
2061:(
1794:)
1790:(
1678:)
1674:(
1658:)
1654:(
1573:e
1566:t
1559:v
1527:.
1499:.
1493::
1460:.
1436::
1406:.
1392::
1384::
1358:.
1352::
1344::
1321:.
1315::
1307::
1261:.
1241::
1214:.
1208::
1181:.
1167::
1157::
1126:.
1112::
1036:.
1018:.
1004:.
984::
917:?
915:†
901:†
484:(
406:(
398:(
386:(
371:(
348:4
344:1
316:?
314:†
301:†
114:N
104:K
99:J
94:T
89:P
84:C
79:D
74:S
69:O
64:Ꞓ
34:.
20:)
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