Wernher von Braun - Knowledge

1553: 1158: 975: 3538: 1860: 1959: 1705: 1269: 2295:, when he was assigned the post of NASA's Deputy Associate Administrator for Planning at NASA Headquarters. After a series of conflicts associated with the truncation of the Apollo program, and facing severe budget constraints, von Braun retired from NASA on 26 May 1972. Not only had it become evident by this time that NASA and his visions for future U.S. space flight projects were incompatible, but also it was perhaps even more frustrating for him to see popular support for a continued presence of man in space wane dramatically once the goal to reach the Moon had been accomplished. 1463:... also the German scientists led by Prof. Wernher von Braun were aware of everything daily. As they went along the corridors, they saw the exhaustion of the inmates, their arduous work and their pain. Not one single time did Prof. Wernher von Braun protest against this cruelty during his frequent stays at Dora. Even the aspect of corpses did not touch him: On a small area near the ambulance shed, inmates tortured to death by slave labor and the terror of the overseers were piling up daily. But, Prof. Wernher von Braun passed them so close that he was almost touching the corpses. 2199:, the rocket only rose up a mere 4 inches before settling back down onto the launch pad. The unfortunate and untimely failure of the rocket launch created a "nadir of morale in Project Mercury." The launch failure was later determined to be the result of a "power plug with one prong shorter than the other because a worker filed it to make it fit." Because of the difference in the length of one prong, the launch system detected the difference in the power disconnection as a "cut-off signal to the engine." The safety system in fact stopped the launch. 1205:) on 27 July 1934, from the University of Berlin for a thesis titled "About Combustion Tests." His doctoral supervisor was Erich Schumann. However, this thesis represented only the public aspect of von Braun's work. His actual thesis, entitled "Construction, Theoretical, and Experimental Solution to the Problem of the Liquid Propellant Rocket" (dated 16 April 1934), detailed the construction and design of the A2 rocket. It remained classified by the German army until its publication in 1960. By the end of 1934, his group had successfully launched 2433: 1773: 2280: 2207:

involved in the program, who argued that MR-2's technical issues were simple and had been resolved shortly after the flight. He overruled them, so a test mission involving a Redstone on a boilerplate capsule was flown successfully in March. Von Braun's stubbornness was blamed for the inability of the U.S. to launch a crewed space mission before the Soviet Union, which ended up putting the first man in space the following month. Three weeks later on 5 May, von Braun's team successfully launched

1980:(1952), had envisaged a fleet of 10 spacecraft (each with a mass of 3,720 metric tonnes), three of them uncrewed and each carrying one 200-tonne winged lander in addition to cargo, and nine crew vehicles transporting a total of 70 astronauts. The engineering and astronautical parameters of this gigantic mission were thoroughly calculated. A later project was much more modest, using only one purely orbital cargo ship and one crewed craft. In each case, the expedition used minimum-energy 2455:, in a letter to his father. He married her in a Lutheran church in Landshut, Bavaria, on 1 March 1947, having received permission to go back to Germany and return with his bride. He was 35, and his new bride was 18. Shortly after, he converted to Evangelicalism. He returned to Manhattan on 26 March 1947, with his wife, father, and mother. On 8 December 1948, the von Brauns' first daughter together, Iris Careen, was born at Fort Bliss Army Hospital. The couple had two more children: 2471: 63: 14370: 1265:

Reaching Extreme Altitudes", which was studied by von Braun and Oberth, lacked the specificity of liquid-fuel experimentation with rockets. It was also confirmed that he was responsible for an estimated 20 patentable innovations related to rocketry, as well as receiving U.S. patents after the war concerning the advancement of rocketry. Documented accounts also stated he provided solutions to a host of aerospace engineering problems in the 1950s and 1960s.

2153: 2754: 3552: 2306: 1757:, a large Army installation just north of El Paso, Texas. Von Braun later wrote that he found it hard to develop a "genuine emotional attachment" to his new surroundings. His chief design engineer Walther Reidel became the subject of a December 1946 article, "German Scientist Says American Cooking Tasteless; Dislikes Rubberized Chicken", exposing the presence of von Braun's team in the country and drawing criticism from 2507: 14382: 532: 1616:, where they were closely guarded by the SS with orders to execute the team if they were about to fall into enemy hands. However, von Braun managed to convince SS Major Kummer to order the dispersal of the group into nearby villages so that they would not be an easy target for U.S. bombers. On 29 April 1945, Oberammergau was captured by the Allied forces who seized the majority of the engineering team. 2269:

exploration of Antarctic wastelands would be useful for the crewed exploration of space. Von Braun was mainly interested in the management of the scientific effort on Antarctic research stations, logistics, habitation, and life support, and in using the barren Antarctic terrain like the glacial dry valleys to test the equipment that one day was used to look for signs of life on Mars and other worlds.

1241:; Annapolis would have received some parts from them. Goddard is reported to have recognized components he had invented and inferred that his brainchild had been turned into a weapon. Later, von Braun said: "I have very deep and sincere regret for the victims of the V-2 rockets, but there were victims on both sides...A war is a war, and when my country is at war, my duty is to help win that war." 1375: 3302:. It was a satire on what Lehrer saw as von Braun's cavalier attitude toward the consequences of his work in Nazi Germany. For example, one line in the song states: "A man whose allegiance/ Is ruled by expedience/ Call him a Nazi, he won't even frown/ 'Nazi, Schmazi!' says Wernher von Braun." There was a widespread rumour that von Braun had sued Lehrer for the song, but this is untrue. 4450:

group in Berlin, but National Socialist organizations were then pressing non-member students to participate in paramilitary activities. In 1937, now the technical director at age 25 of the new Army rocket center at Peenemünde on the Baltic, he received a letter asking him to join the Party. Since it required little commitment, and it might damage his career to say no, he went along.

2276:. He referred to this time as a moment in his life when he felt the strong need to pray, stating "I certainly prayed a lot before and during the crucial Apollo flights". A few months later, on the occasion of the first Moon landing, he publicly expressed his optimism that the Saturn V carrier system would continue to be developed, advocating human missions to Mars in the 1980s. 3524: 2041:. The residual propellant in the third stage was used for the deceleration intended to commence only a few hundred kilometers above the landing site in a crater near the lunar north pole. The fourth stage provided acceleration to lunar escape velocity, and the fifth stage was responsible for a deceleration during return to the Earth to a residual speed that allows 1414:. Von Braun's engines used direct combustion and created fire, while the Walter devices used hot vapors from a chemical reaction, but both created thrust and provided high speed. The subsequent flights with the He-112 used the Walter-rocket instead of von Braun's; it was more reliable, simpler to operate, and safer for the test pilot, Warsitz. 926:. In spring 1932, he graduated with a diploma in mechanical engineering. His early exposure to rocketry convinced him that the exploration of space would require far more than applications of the current engineering technology. Wanting to learn more about physics, chemistry, and astronomy, von Braun entered the 4064:

Magnus von Braun, the brother of rocket pioneer Wernher von Braun who worked in Huntsville from 1950–1955, died Saturday in Phoenix, Ariz. He was 84. Though not as famous as his older brother, who died in 1977, Magnus von Braun made the first contact with U.S. Army troops to arrange the German rocket

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Von Braun did not indicate interest in politics or political philosophy during his onboarding working for the U.S. Army. He was primarily focused on his work in guided missiles for the purpose of advancing science and technology. According to FBI background checks, "any political activity he may have

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On the motives behind this conversion, Michael J. Neufeld is of the opinion that he turned to religion "to pacify his own conscience", and University of Southampton scholar Kendrick Oliver said that von Braun was presumably moved "by a desire to find a new direction for his life after the moral chaos

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before – describing his updated concept of the first crewed lunar landing. The scenario included only a single and relatively small spacecraft – a winged lander with a crew of only two experienced pilots who had already circumnavigated the Moon on an earlier mission. The

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in early 1945 when von Braun assembled his planning staff and asked them to decide how and to whom they should surrender. Unwilling to go to the Soviets, von Braun and his staff decided to try to surrender to the Americans. Kammler had ordered the relocation of his team to central Germany; however, a

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in February 1944. To increase his power-base within the Nazi regime, Himmler was conspiring to use Kammler to gain control of all German armament programs, including the V-2 program at Peenemünde. He therefore recommended that von Braun work more closely with Kammler to solve the problems of the V-2.

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in Switzerland. During this time in Switzerland, von Braun assisted Professor Hermann Oberth in writing a book concerning the possibilities of creating and manufacturing liquid-propellant rockets. Shortly after this, von Braun founded his own private rocket development business in Berlin, and through

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German sources mostly specify the cancer as renal, while American biographies unanimously just mention cancer. The time when von Braun learned about the disease is generally given as from 1973 to 1976. The characteristics of renal cell carcinoma, which has a bad prognosis even today, do not rule out

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Von Braun envisioned these expeditions as very large-scale undertakings, with a total of 50 astronauts traveling in three huge spacecraft (two for crew, one primarily for cargo), each 49 m (160.76 ft) long and 33 m (108.27 ft) in diameter and driven by a rectangular array of

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We knew that we had created a new means of warfare, and the question as to what nation, to what victorious nation we were willing to entrust this brainchild of ours was a moral decision more than anything else. We wanted to see the world spared another conflict such as Germany had just been through,

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Nearing the end of the war, Hitler instructed SS troops to gas all technical men concerned with rocket development. Upon hearing this, von Braun commandeered a train and fled with other "technical men" to a location in the mountains of South Germany. After some time, von Braun and many of the others

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While on an official trip in March, von Braun suffered a complicated fracture of his left arm and shoulder in a car accident after his driver fell asleep at the wheel. His injuries were serious, but he insisted that his arm be set in a cast so that he could leave the hospital. Due to this neglect of

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In response to Goddard's statements, von Braun said "at no time in Germany did I or any of my associates ever see a Goddard patent". This was independently confirmed. He wrote that statements that he had lifted Goddard's work were the furthest from the truth, noting that Goddard's paper "A Method of

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In 1939, I was officially demanded to join the National Socialist Party. At this time I was already Technical Director at the Army Rocket Center at Peenemünde (Baltic Sea). The technical work carried out there had, in the meantime, attracted more and more attention in higher levels. Thus, my refusal

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by Thomas Pynchon. The novel involves British intelligence attempting to predict and avert V-2 rocket attacks. The work even includes a gyroscopic equation for the V2. The first portion of the novel, "Beyond The Zero", begins with a quotation from von Braun: "Nature does not know extinction; all it

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program, set up the thesis that automatic space probes can get the same amount of scientific data with an effort of only 10 or 20 percent of the costs, and that the money should be better spent on other purposes. Von Braun justified the expenses for crewed operations with the following argument: "I

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congregation, and became increasingly religious. He publicly spoke and wrote about the complementarity of science and religion, the afterlife of the soul, and his belief in God. He stated, "Through science man strives to learn more of the mysteries of creation. Through religion he seeks to know the

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One day in Fort Bliss, a neighbor called and asked if I would like to go to church with him. I accepted, because I wanted to see if the American church was just a country club as I'd been led to expect. Instead, I found a small, white frame building... in the hot Texas sun on a browned-grass lot...

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Von Braun remarked "at Peenemünde we had been coddled, here you were counting pennies". Whereas von Braun had thousands of engineers who answered to him at Peenemünde, he was now subordinate to "pimply" 26-year-old Jim Hamill, an Army major who possessed only an undergraduate degree in engineering.

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Realizing that the matter was of highly political significance for the relation between the SS and the Army, I called immediately on my military superior, Dr. Dornberger. He informed me that the SS had for a long time been trying to get their "finger in the pie" of the rocket work. I asked him what

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Hermann Oberth was the first who, when thinking about the possibility of spaceships, grabbed a slide-rule and presented mathematically analyzed concepts and designs... I, myself, owe to him not only the guiding-star of my life, but also my first contact with the theoretical and practical aspects of

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rocket car demonstrations, that he constructed his own homemade toy rocket car and caused a disruption in a crowded sidewalk by launching the toy wagon, to which he had attached the largest firework rockets he could purchase. He was later taken in for questioning by the local police, until released

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warfare did not escape him. In his popular writings, von Braun elaborated on them in several of his books and articles, but he took care to qualify such military applications as "particularly dreadful". This much-less-peaceful aspect of von Braun's "drive for space" has been reviewed by Michael J.

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were said to have expressed regret at an engineer's house one evening in early March 1944 that they were not working on a spaceship and that they felt the war was not going well; this was considered a "defeatist" attitude. A young female dentist who was an SS spy reported their comments. Himmler's

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based rockets were leading toward light and simple rockets that appeared well-suited for aircraft installation. Also, the firm of Hellmuth Walter at Kiel had been commissioned by the RLM to build a rocket engine for the He-112, so there were two different new rocket motor designs at Neuhardenberg:

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ordered the production of the A-4 as a "vengeance weapon", and the Peenemünde group developed it to target London. Following von Braun's 7 July 1943 presentation of a color movie showing an A-4 taking off, Hitler was so enthusiastic that he personally made von Braun a professor shortly thereafter.

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In 1932, having caught wind of von Braun's rocket business, the German Army connected with von Braun to pursue basic missile research and weather data experimentation. Von Braun said that the German government financed the development of test stands and facilities for experimentation in Darmstadt,

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and von Braun, seen in 1954 holding a model of his passenger ship, collaborated on a series of three educational films; among other things, this suggests that von Braun had enough free time to popularize astronautics due to the fact that priority in the design of a space rocket was given to other

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Von Braun was a right-wing nationalist by upbringing but seems to have taken little interest in Nazi ideology or anti-Semitism. As money began flowing into rearmament and eventually into the rocket program, he became more enthusiastic about the regime. In 1933–34, he was a member of an SS riding

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tests conducted by the United States. He personally witnessed this historic launch and detonation. Work on the Redstone led to the development of the first high-precision inertial guidance system on the Redstone rocket. By 1953 von Braun's title was, "Chief, Guided Missiles Development Division,

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Upon investigation by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation on 1 May 1961 advised that "there was no record of an arrest in their respective files" suggesting that Von Braun's imprisonment was wiped from German prison records at a point after his conditional release or after the Nazi

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to von Braun and Heinkel, because he had been recognized as one of the most experienced test pilots of the time, and because he also had an extraordinary fund of technical knowledge. After he familiarized Warsitz with a test-stand run, showing him the corresponding apparatus in the aircraft, he

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to Mars, von Braun had written a science fiction novel on the subject, set in the year 1980. However, 18 publishers rejected the manuscript. Von Braun later published small portions of this opus in magazines, to illustrate selected aspects of his Mars project popularizations. The complete

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as a short-range ballistic rocket) which in their view would be impossible without von Braun's leadership. In his memoirs, Speer states Hitler had finally conceded that von Braun was to be "protected from all prosecution as long as he is indispensable, difficult though the general consequences

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had sent him with the order to urge me to join the SS. I told him I was so busy with my rocket work that I had no time to spare for any political activity. He then told me, that...the SS would cost me no time at all. I would be awarded the rank of a "Untersturmfuehrer" (lieutenant) and it were

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Later examination of von Braun's background, conducted by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation, suggests that his background check file contained no derogatory information pertaining to his involvement in the party, but it was found that he had numerous letters of commendation for

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During the local summer of 1966–67, von Braun participated in a field trip to Antarctica, organized for him and several other members of top NASA management. The goal of the field trip was to determine whether the experience gained by the U.S. scientific and technological community during the

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mission in January 1961, a mere 2 months after the failed "4 inch mission," NASA morale was improved. Still, a new string of problems emerged. Von Braun insisted on one more test before the Redstone could be deemed man-rated. His overly cautious nature brought about clashes with other people

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Some prisoners state that von Braun engaged in brutal treatment or approved of it. Guy Morand, a French resistance fighter who was a prisoner in Dora, testified in 1995 that, after an apparent sabotage attempt, von Braun ordered a prisoner to be flogged, while Robert Cazabonne, another French

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The V-2 was a quantum leap of technological change. We got to the Moon using V-2 technology but this was technology that was developed with massive resources, including some particularly grim ones. The V-2 programme was hugely expensive in terms of lives, with the Nazis using slave labour to

1765:. Requests to improve their living conditions such as laying linoleum over their cracked wood flooring were rejected. Von Braun was hypercritical of the slowness of the United States' development of guided missiles. His lab was never able to get sufficient funds to go on with their programs. 1683:. There is evidence, however, that British intelligence and scientists were the first to interview him in depth, eager to gain information that they knew U.S. officials would deny them. The team included the young L.S. Snell, then the leading British rocket engineer, later chief designer of 1656:

in London, and Lieutenant Colonel R. L. Williams took von Braun and his department chiefs by Jeep from Garmisch to Munich, from where they were flown to Nordhausen. In the following days, a larger group of rocket engineers, among them Helmut Gröttrup, was evacuated from Bleicherode 40 miles

1796:. They also continued to study the future potential of rockets for military and research applications. Since they were not permitted to leave Fort Bliss without military escort, von Braun and his colleagues began to refer to themselves only half-jokingly as "PoPs" – "Prisoners of Peace". 1577:

conflicting order from an army chief ordered them to join the army and fight. Deciding that Kammler's order was their best bet to defect to the Americans, von Braun fabricated documents and transported 500 of his affiliates to the area around Mittelwerk, where they resumed their work in

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when the U.S. government put the containment of the Soviet Union above everything else. The fact that his space station – if armed with missiles that could be easily adapted from those already available at this time – would give the United States space superiority in both orbital and

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unfounded allegations branding von Braun and his colleagues as communist sympathizers and accusing them of sabotaging the V-2 program, coupled with von Braun's regular piloting of a government-provided airplane that could facilitate an escape to Britain, led to their arrest by the

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Von Braun, like other Peenemünders, was assigned to the local group in Karlshagen; there is no evidence that he did more than send in his monthly dues. But he is seen in some photographs with the party's swastika pin in his lapel – it was politically useful to demonstrate his

1229:. In 1963, von Braun reflected on the history of rocketry, and said of Goddard's work: "His rockets ... may have been rather crude by present-day standards, but they blazed the trail and incorporated many features used in our most modern rockets and space vehicles." 2534:

was quoted as saying he did not think that the United States would have reached the Moon as quickly as it did without von Braun's help. Later, after discussing it with colleagues, he amended this to say he did not believe the United States would have reached the Moon at

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Together, these people make a live, vibrant community. This was the first time I really understood that religion was not a cathedral inherited from the past, or a quick prayer at the last minute. To be effective, a religion has to be backed up by discipline and effort.

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When shown a picture of himself standing behind Himmler, von Braun said that he had only worn the SS uniform that one time, but in 2002 a former SS officer at Peenemünde told the BBC that von Braun had regularly worn the SS uniform to official meetings. He began as an

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was casting eyes on targets far beyond the Moon. The most inviting: the earth's close, and probably most hospitable, planetary neighbor. Given the same energy and dedication that took them to the Moon, says Wernher von Braun, Americans could land on Mars as early as

1631:, von Braun's brother and fellow rocket engineer, Magnus, approached the soldier on a bicycle, calling out in broken English: "My name is Magnus von Braun. My brother invented the V-2. We want to surrender." After the surrender, Wernher von Braun spoke to the press: 2440:

Von Braun had a charismatic personality and was known as a ladies' man. As a student in Berlin, he often was seen in the evenings in the company of two girlfriends at once. He later had a succession of affairs within the secretarial and computer pool at Peenemünde.

2448:. However, the engagement was broken due to his mother's opposition. Later in 1943, he had an affair with a French woman while in Paris preparing V-2 launch sites in northeastern France. She was imprisoned for collaboration after the war and became destitute. 2102:

conference in 2004, W. Albert Wilson, a former pilot and NASA employee, stated that he had talked with von Braun about the Christian faith while von Braun was working for NASA, and believed that conversation had been instrumental in von Braun's conversion.

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outstanding performance of duties during his time working under the Nazi party. Overall FBI conclusions point to von Braun's involvement in the Nazi Party to be purely for the advancement of his academic career, or out of fear of imprisonment or execution.

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Repeating the pattern he had established during his earlier career in Germany, von Braun – while directing military rocket development in the real world – continued to entertain his engineer-scientist's dream of a future in which rockets would be used for

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and wanted to continue segregation. Von Braun accused segregationist policies as obstructing the development of Alabama. His statements were considered "unusual for a space scientist, particularly in the south, but well within agency and national policy.

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Goddard confirmed his work was used by von Braun in 1944, shortly before the Nazis began firing V-2s at England. A V-2 crashed in Sweden and some parts were sent to an Annapolis lab where Goddard was doing research for the Navy. If this was the so-called

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in Friedberg, Bavaria was named after von Braun in 1979. In response to rising criticism, a school committee decided in 1995, after lengthy deliberations, to keep the name but "to address von Braun's ambiguity in the advanced history classes". In 2012,

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Even as man prepared to take his first tentative extraterrestrial steps, other celestial adventures beckoned him. The shape and scope of the post-Apollo crewed space program remained hazy, and a great deal depends on the safe and successful outcome of

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In 1973, von Braun was diagnosed with kidney cancer during a routine medical examination. However, he continued to work unrestrained for a number of years. In January 1977, then very ill, he resigned from Fairchild Industries. Later in 1977, President

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on many occasions, and called conditions at the plant "repulsive", but stated that he had never personally witnessed any deaths or beatings, although it had become clear to him by 1944 that deaths had occurred. He denied ever having visited the

1442:, chief engineer of the V-2 rocket factory at Peenemünde, endorsed this idea in April 1943 when a labor shortage developed. More people died building the V-2 rockets than were killed by it as a weapon. Von Braun admitted visiting the plant at 6430:. Krieger Pub, p. 270: "Those who knew him through the 1960s and 1970s noticed during these years that a new element began to surface in his conversations, and also in his speeches and his writings: a growing interest in religious thought." 1303:

dispatched raids on the Peenemünde camp consisting of 596 aircraft, and dropped 1,800 tons of explosives. The facility was salvaged and most of the engineering team remained unharmed; however, the raids killed von Braun's engine designer

2081:)." Nevertheless, in 1945 he explained his decision to surrender to the Western Allies, rather than Russians, as being influenced by a desire to share rocket technology with people who followed the Bible. In 1946, he attended church in 2183:. Two years later, NASA opened the Marshall Space Flight Center at Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, and the Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA) development team led by von Braun was transferred to NASA. In a face-to-face meeting with 1467:

Von Braun later stated that he was aware of the treatment of prisoners, but felt helpless to change the situation. When asked if von Braun could have protested against the brutal treatment of the slave laborers, von Braun team member

946:. After the talk, the young student approached the famous pioneer of high-altitude balloon flight, and stated to him: "You know, I plan on traveling to the Moon at some time." Piccard is said to have responded with encouraging words. 675:. The V-2 became the first artificial object to travel into space on 20 June 1944. Following the war, he was secretly moved to the United States, along with about 1,600 other German scientists, engineers, and technicians, as part of 14608: 2187:

at the Pentagon, von Braun made it clear he would go to NASA only if development of the Saturn were allowed to continue. Von Braun became the center's first director on 1 July 1960 and held the position until 27 January 1970.

6148: 2049:. One remarkable feature of this technical tale is that the engineer von Braun anticipated a medical phenomenon that became apparent only years later: being a veteran astronaut with no history of serious adverse reactions to 2912:"The Search for Truth" (1962) – a film produced by Brigham Young University and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints includes a clip of von Braun discussing the relationship between science and a divine creator. 2172:. American authorities then chose to use von Braun and his German team's experience with missiles to create an orbital launch vehicle. Von Braun had originally proposed such an idea in 1954, but it was denied at the time. 2077:: "Throughout his younger years, von Braun did not show signs of religious devotion, or even an interest in things related to the church or to biblical teachings. In fact, he was known to his friends as a 'merry heathen' ( 13100: 14548: 1946:

region by using the emptied cargo holds of their craft as shelters, and would explore their surroundings for eight weeks. This would include a 400 km (249 mi) expedition in pressurized rovers to the crater

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In 1933, von Braun was working on his creative doctorate when the Nazi Party came to power in a coalition government in Germany; rocketry was almost immediately moved onto the national agenda. An artillery captain,

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think somehow space flights for the first time give mankind a chance to become immortal. Once this earth will no longer be able to support life we can emigrate to other places which are better suited for our life."

1852:. However, he was no longer at risk of being fired. As American public opinion of Germans began to recover, von Braun found himself increasingly in a position to popularize his ideas. The 14 May 1950 headline of 4222:

pp. 5–8) list the young Wernher von Braun as joining the VfR as an apprentice to Willy Ley, one of the three founders. Later when Ley fled Germany because he was a Jew, von Braun took over the leadership of the

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His loyal Germans still addressed him as "Herr Professor", but Hamill addressed him as "Wernher" and never responded to von Braun's request for more materials. Every proposal for new rocket ideas was dismissed.

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Ivy Hill Cemetery, Alexandria, Virginia, Wilson, Scott. Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons, 3d ed.: 2 (Kindle Location 48952). McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. Kindle

1219:'s research. Before 1939, German scientists occasionally contacted Goddard directly with technical questions. Von Braun used Goddard's plans from various journals and incorporated them into the building of the 2364:

Von Braun's insistence on more tests after Mercury-Redstone 2 flew higher than planned has been identified as contributing to the Soviet Union's success in launching the first human in space. The successful

5311: 1675:, where the elite of Nazi Germany's economic, scientific and technological sectors were debriefed by U.S. and British intelligence officials. Initially, he was recruited to the U.S. under a program called 2033:

designs that were under discussion at this time. After a night launch from a Pacific island, the first three stages brought the spacecraft (with the two remaining upper stages attached) to terrestrial

1856:("Dr. von Braun Says Rocket Flights Possible to Moon") might have marked the beginning of these efforts. Von Braun's ideas rode a publicity wave that was created by science fiction movies and stories. 1644:, the code name for the list of German scientists and engineers targeted for immediate interrogation by U.S. military experts. On 9 June 1945, two days before the originally scheduled handover of the 1212:

Von Braun continued his guided missile work throughout World War Two, and met with Adolf Hitler on several occasions, being formally decorated by Hitler twice, including being awarded the Iron Cross.

1332:"Retaliation/Vengeance Weapon 2") for propaganda purposes, was launched toward England on 7 September 1944, only 21 months after the project had been officially commissioned. Doug Millard of the 1636:

and we felt that only by surrendering such a weapon to people who are guided not by the laws of materialism but by Christianity and humanity could such an assurance to the world be best secured.

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and surrounding towns after the middle of February 1945. For fear of their documents being destroyed by the SS, von Braun ordered the blueprints to be hidden in an abandoned iron mine in the

8703: 3101: 3225:(2016) includes a fictionalized description of the search for and capture of von Braun by the U.S. Army, and his role in the Nazi V-2 program and subsequently in the U.S. space program. 13725: 7375:

Astronautical and Aeronautical Events of 1962 – Report of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to the Committee on Science and Astronautics, U.S. House of Representatives

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that would train children in fields of science and space technologies, as well as help their mental development much the same way sports camps aim at improving physical development.

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Von Braun's later attitude toward the Nazi regime of the late 1930s and early 1940s was complex. He said that he had been so influenced by the early Nazi promise of release from the

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In 1970, Huntsville, Alabama, honored von Braun's years of service with a series of events including the unveiling of a plaque in his honor. Pictured (l–r), his daughter Iris, wife

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to join the party would have meant that I would have to abandon the work of my life. Therefore, I decided to join. My membership in the party did not involve any political activity.

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by Joseph Kanon. Von Braun and other scientists are said to have been implicated in the use of slave labor at Peenemünde; their transfer to the U.S. forms part of the narrative.

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insisted on two successful flights with dogs before risking Gagarin's life on a crewed attempt. The second test flight took place one day after the Mercury-Redstone BD mission.

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Bucher, G. C.; Mc Call, J. C.; Ordway, F. I. III; Stuhlinger, E. (23 March 1962). "From Peenemuende to Outer Space. Commemorating the Fiftieth Birthday of Wernher von Braun".

2994:– a documentary by Aron Ranen. Interviews with Ernst Stuhlinger, Konrad Dannenberg, Karl Sendler, Alex Baum, Eli Rosenbaum (DOJ) and von Braun's NASA secretary Bonnie Holmes. 2558:, one of his top affiliates from the A-4/V2 through the Apollo projects, agreed to renounce his U.S. citizenship and emigrate in exchange for not being tried for war crimes. 1924:

allowing observation of essentially every point on Earth on at least a daily basis. The ultimate purpose of the space station was to provide an assembly platform for crewed

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prisoner, stated that von Braun stood by as prisoners were hanged by chains suspended by cranes. However, these accounts may have been a case of mistaken identity. Former

954:

rocketry and space travel. A place of honor should be reserved in the history of science and technology for his ground-breaking contributions in the field of astronautics.

732:. He is also sometimes described by others as the "father of space travel", the "father of rocket science", or the "father of the American lunar program". He advocated a 14603: 2261:

in Huntsville. The desk from which he guided America's entry into the Space Race remains on display there. He also was instrumental in the launching of the experimental

13106: 2570:

survivor David Salz gave a speech in Friedberg, calling out to the public to "Do everything to make this name disappear from this school!". The gymnasium was renamed "

2412:

engaged in was a means to an end to provide him with the necessary freedom to conduct his experiments." This included time spent in the Nazi party during World War 2.

1608:

In early April, as the Allied forces advanced deeper into Germany, Kammler ordered the engineering team, around 450 specialists, to be moved by train into the town of

1093:

In spring 1940, one SS-Standartenführer (SS-Colonel) Müller from Greifswald, a bigger town in the vicinity of Peenemünde, looked me up in my office...and told me that

3189:

knows is transformation. Everything science has taught me, and continues to teach me, strengthens my belief in the continuity of our spiritual existence after death."

1897:

to publish his concepts, which, unsurprisingly, were heavy on the engineering side and anticipated many technical aspects of space flight that later became reality.

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asked: "Are you with us and will you test the rocket in the air? Then, Warsitz, you will be a famous man. And later we will fly to the Moon – with you at the helm!"

3076:

television series (2019): "Red Moon" (Season 1, episode 1), "He Built the Saturn V" (Season 1, episode 2), "Home Again" (Season 1, episode 6) – von Braun played by

2265:. He traveled to India and hoped that the program would be helpful in bringing a massive educational television project to help the poorest people in that country. 1535:, Reichsminister for Munitions and War Production, persuaded Hitler to reinstate von Braun so that the V-2 program could continue or turn into a "V-4 program" (the 13128: 6458:. Apogee Books Publication; ed. by Irene E. Powell-Willhite: These touch "a variety of topics, including education, the cold war, religion, and the space program". 1723:

approved the transfer of von Braun and his specialists to the United States as one of his last acts in office. This was announced to the public on 1 October 1945.

14568: 5719: 1386:(a large field about 70 km (43 mi) east of Berlin, listed as a reserve airfield in the event of war), one of these latter aircraft was flown with its 14513: 1394:

and the fuselage having been on fire, it proved to official circles that an aircraft could be flown satisfactorily with a back-thrust system through the rear.

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at Redstone Arsenal in 1963; President Kennedy was the initiator of the American lunar program in 1961, and von Braun was appointed its technical director.

728:

Von Braun is a highly controversial figure widely seen as escaping justice for his Nazi war crimes due to the Americans' desire to beat the Soviets in the

7618: 1017:, wrote that ten years after von Braun obtained his Nazi Party membership, he signed an affidavit for the U.S. Army, though he stated the incorrect year: 13547: 9232: 7282: 983: 8430: 4013: 3797: 1668:

According to Dornberger, there the Soviets tried to kidnap von Braun at night using English uniforms: Americans recognized this and didn't let them in.

826:. Von Braun learned to play both the cello and the piano at an early age and at one time wanted to become a composer. He took lessons from the composer 14588: 14508: 6401: 2254:

on its historic eight-day mission. Over the course of the program, Saturn V rockets enabled six teams of astronauts to reach the surface of the Moon.

1493:

Von Braun stated that he replied that the problems were merely technical and he was confident that they would be solved with Dornberger's assistance.

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In an internal memo dated 16 January 1969, von Braun had confirmed to his staff that he would stay on as a center director at Huntsville to head the

2095:

of his service for the Third Reich". Having "concluded one bad bargain with the Devil, perhaps now he felt a need to have God securely at his side".

14528: 5319: 3361:

The proposed vertical take-off interceptor for climbing to 35,000 ft in 60 seconds was rejected by the Luftwaffe in the autumn of 1941 for the

3135:, von Braun is a supporting character, settling in Britain after World War II, and being essential for the realization of the British space program. 2318:

After leaving NASA, von Braun moved to the Washington, D.C. area and became vice president for Engineering and Development at the aerospace company

5659:

Arts & Entertainment, Biography (1959–1961 series). Mike Wallace, television biography of Wernher von Braun, video clip of the press statement.

1780:

While at Fort Bliss, they trained military, industrial, and university personnel in the intricacies of rockets and guided missiles. As part of the

974: 14628: 7941: 7148:"Von Braun, Who Helped Put Men on Moon, Dies at 65: German-Born Scientist Succumbs to Pancreatic Cancer; Was Pioneer in Space Rocket Technology". 7028: 4868: 14553: 13239: 8527: 6347: 2001:

In the hope that its involvement would bring about greater public interest in the future of the space program, von Braun also began working with

1157: 3931: 2444:

In January 1943, von Braun became engaged to Dorothee Brill, a physical education teacher in Berlin, and he sought permission to marry from the

6870: 5989: 4342: 2952:– a 1999 biographical film on the life of Homer Hickam and his fascination with rockets, who is inspired by von Braun (played by Joe Digaetran) 2009:

as a technical director, initially for three television films about space exploration. The initial broadcast devoted to space exploration was

14543: 14320: 14245: 13732: 8818: 7827: 6823: 1039:, that his patriotic feelings had increased. In a 1952 memoir article he admitted that, at that time, he "fared relatively rather well under 13076: 4264: 899:

to his father for disciplinary action. The incident highlighted the young von Braun's determination to "dedicate his life to space travel".

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agencies were aware of the rocket program and von Braun's team at Peenemünde, based on the intelligence provided by the Polish underground

915: 3155:

has been credited with mocking von Braun by suggesting Braun's book "I aim at the stars", needed a subtitle: "But sometimes I hit London."

14593: 14026: 14002: 13028: 7997: 2115:

pastor C. M. Ward and stated that "The farther we probe into space, the greater my faith." In addition, he met privately with evangelist

1435: 767:(1878–1972), was a civil servant and conservative politician; he served as Minister of Agriculture in the federal government during the 14638: 14583: 13948: 13361: 6062: 2498:

in Alexandria. His gravestone cites Psalm 19:1: "The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handywork" (KJV).

2085:, El Paso County, Texas, and underwent a religious conversion to Evangelical Christianity. In an unnamed religious magazine he stated: 7002: 6782: 3479:, Garden City, New York: Anchor Press/Doubleday, (1979). With Frederick I. Ordway III. Von Braun's final work, completed posthumously. 3011: 3007: 3003: 2998: 14438: 14428: 14036: 13955: 8411: 5610: 2697: 1652:

to the Soviets, U.S. Army Major Robert B. Staver, Chief of the Jet Propulsion Section of the Research and Intelligence Branch of the

830:. The few pieces of von Braun's youthful compositions that exist are reminiscent of Hindemith's style. He could play piano pieces of 7255: 6012: 5190: 1893:

and were influential in spreading his ideas. Frequently, von Braun worked with fellow German-born space advocate and science writer

14573: 14433: 14031: 8861: 8271: 5391: 4611: 3732: 3570: 2932:(1977) – the main character, a Filipino who dreams of spaceflight, established a Wernher von Braun fan club in Laguna, Philippines. 2495: 2475: 1735: 1225:(A) series of rockets. The first successful launch of an A-4 took place on 3 October 1942. The A-4 rocket became well known as the 136: 7911: 7066: 5800: 1323: 14458: 14448: 14340: 14073: 9225: 8717: 7886: 5157: 4979: 4444: 3765: 3088:(fictional web television series on Amazon Prime Video, 2020): "The Jewish Question" (Season 1, episode 8) – von Braun played by 2936: 1691:'s engines. The specific information the British gleaned remained top secret, both from the Americans and from the other allies. 1026:

It has not been ascertained whether von Braun's error with regard to the year was deliberate or a simple mistake. Neufeld wrote:

5414: 2818: 14453: 14443: 13217: 13212: 8519: 8040: 7169:

Wernher von Braun, the master rocket builder and pioneer of space travel, died of cancer Thursday morning. He was 65 years old.

3632: 2924:'s documentary report "The Secret of Huntsville"; von Braun (only referred to as the "rocket baron") played by Dietrich Körner. 1628: 2790: 493: 14518: 14478: 14463: 13918: 13356: 13088: 8503: 7373: 3712: 3109: 2352:

board of directors. However, his deteriorating health forced him to retire from Fairchild on 31 December 1976. When the 1975

1178: 6496:"The Farther We Probe Into Space, the Greater My Faith ...": C.M. Ward's Account of His Interview with Dr. Wernher Von Braun 6494: 5078: 3857: 2487:

awarded him the country's highest science honor, the National Medal of Science in Engineering. He was too ill to attend the

2408:, producing the Saturn V. The C-4 design had a large crossbeam that could easily absorb the thrust of an additional engine. 14468: 14315: 14122: 13645: 9490: 3487:, Apogee Books, Toronto (2006). A previously unpublished science fiction story by von Braun. Accompanied by paintings from 2494:

Von Braun died on 16 June 1977 of pancreatic cancer in Alexandria, Virginia, at age 65. He is buried on Valley Road at the

684: 5358: 1234: 1137:

In 1932, von Braun received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Mechanical Engineering from Technische Hochschule Berlin (now

14533: 14488: 13898: 13872: 13828: 7199: 5312:"Aide says von Braun wasn't able to stop slave horrors; Objection would have gotten rocket pioneer shot, Dannenberg says" 3180:. Von Braun and other German scientists are brought to the U.S. and form a vital part of the U.S. efforts to reach space. 2797: 894:

was highly influential on von Braun as a teenage space enthusiast. He was so enthusiastic after seeing one of the public

14578: 8265: 4738: 852: 14132: 13034: 11810: 9218: 8389: 8362: 8343: 8302: 8279: 8254: 8224: 8188: 8154: 8127: 7238: 6948: 6640: 6617: 6380: 6297: 6275: 6226: 6195: 6125: 5895: 5767: 5702: 5644: 5587: 5537: 5490: 5471: 5424: 5368: 5342: 5287: 5264: 5218: 5118: 5018: 4935: 4803: 4780: 4711: 4673: 4636: 4595: 4506: 4427: 4356: 4312: 4298: 4162: 4112: 3997: 3504: 3459: 2873: 2771: 2571: 2445: 6100: 2230:

for crewed Moon flights was developed. Von Braun initially pushed for a flight engineering concept that called for an

1350:

In 1936, von Braun's rocketry team working at Kummersdorf investigated installing liquid-fuelled rockets in aircraft.

1151: 14538: 14498: 13988: 13908: 13542: 13006: 8811: 8423: 6239: 5238:"Wernher von Braun, the SS, and Concentration Camp Labor: Questions of Moral, Political, and Criminal Responsibility" 5072: 4534:"Wernher von Braun, the SS, and Concentration Camp Labor: Questions of Moral, Political, and Criminal Responsibility" 3894:"Wernher von Braun, the SS, and Concentration Camp Labor: Questions of Moral, Political, and Criminal Responsibility" 2837: 2404:", but acknowledged that the designs worked. The conservative approach paid off when a fifth engine was added to the 2319: 2262: 1727: 1653: 663:

As a young man, von Braun worked in Nazi Germany's rocket development program. He helped design and co-developed the

612: 17: 8481: 8417: 2175:

NASA was established by law on 29 July 1958. One day later, the 50th Redstone rocket was successfully launched from

14335: 14283: 14041: 13628: 13537: 13244: 13227: 12982: 8408:

BBC journalist Reg Turnill talking in 2011 about his personal memories of and interviews with Dr Wernher von Braun.

7728: 2804: 2401: 2107: 1717: 6475: 4876: 4680:

It had been thought that he publicly wore his uniform with swastika armband just once, during one of two formal...

3537: 3113:(2023): Dr. Jürgen Voller, the film's main antagonist, is inspired partly on von Braun according to his performer 1746:

in Maryland to sort out the Peenemünde documents, enabling the scientists to continue their rocketry experiments.

1138: 1129:(Major). Von Braun later stated that these were simply technical promotions received each year regularly by mail. 903: 170: 13502: 11842: 7799: 7456: 6439:

von Braun, Wernher (1963) "My Faith: A Space-Age Scientist Tells Why He Must Believe in God", (10 February 1963)

2196: 718: 710: 695:

on a series of films, which popularized the idea of human space travel in the U.S. and beyond from 1955 to 1957.

8467: 7163:"Wernher von Braun, Rocket Pioneer, Dies; Wernher von Braun, Pioneer in Space Travel and Rocketry, Dies at 65". 6185: 5335:

A History of the Dora Camp: The Untold Story of the Nazi Slave Labor Camp That Secretly Manufactured V-2 Rockets

4770: 4626: 3649:

During the time he was in Huntsville, Dr. Braun told everyone that his name was pronounced like the color Brown.

3256:

becomes aware of his Nazi past and tries to inspire awareness and outrage. Von Braun is a character in the play.

1640:

The American high command was well aware of how important their catch was: von Braun had been at the top of the

1406:

whereas von Braun's engines were powered by alcohol and liquid oxygen, Walter engines had hydrogen peroxide and

1390:

shut down during flight by Warsitz, at which time it was propelled by von Braun's rocket power alone. Despite a

14115: 14105: 13803: 8978: 8871: 8846: 7858: 7629: 7448: 5854: 4966: 4219: 3483: 2775: 2735: 2684: 2356:

was awarded to him in early 1977, he had been hospitalized, and was unable to attend the White House ceremony.

1994: 1036: 815: 14623: 13046: 6115: 3671: 2786: 1734:, just south of Wilmington, Delaware. They were then flown to Boston, Massachusetts, and taken by boat to the 14308: 13148: 13143: 9455: 8937: 8851: 8775: 8760: 8732: 8438: 6811:

Wernher von Braun: The Authoritative and Definitive Biographical Profile of the Father of Modern Space Flight

6187:

Wernher Von Braun: The Authoritative and Definitive Biographical Profile of the Father of Modern Space Flight

5582:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA History Office, Office of Policy and Plans. p. 8. 4772:

Wernher Von Braun: The Authoritative and Definitive Biographical Profile of the Father of Modern Space Flight

4021: 3805: 3060: 2246:. His dream to help mankind set foot on the Moon became a reality on 16 July 1969, when a Marshall-developed 2223: 2141: 1824: 1114:

to do. He replied on the spot that if I wanted to continue our mutual work, I had no alternative but to join.

1014: 962:, von Braun was able to pursue a career as a rocket scientist in Germany due to a "curious oversight" in the 462: 7181: 1516:

The unsuspecting von Braun was detained on 14 March (or 15 March), 1944, and was taken to a Gestapo cell in

1451:

concentration camp, where 20,000 died from illness, beatings, hangings, and intolerable working conditions.

14563: 13971: 13840: 13094: 13064: 12172: 9199: 8804: 8553: 2397: 2258: 1929: 1905: 1886: 1859: 1624: 1605:

the injury, he had to be hospitalized again a month later when his bones had to be rebroken and realigned.

1194:

research grant for von Braun, who then worked next to Dornberger's existing solid-fuel rocket test site at

771:. His mother, Emmy von Quistorp (1886–1959), traced her ancestry through both parents to medieval European 703: 6582: 2238:

concept that was subsequently realized. During Apollo, he worked closely with former Peenemünde teammate,

1958: 1007:. He applied for membership in the Party on 12 November 1937, and was issued membership number 5,738,692. 907: 14325: 14272: 14235: 14194: 14088: 13793: 13773: 13688: 13512: 13251: 13197: 12975: 11924: 10710: 10212: 9630: 9014: 8927: 8727: 8663: 7474: 4902: 3264: 3072: 2981: 2273: 1807:, his home for the next 20 years. From 1952 to 1956, von Braun led the Army's rocket development team at 7419: 6965: 6037: 2234:

technique (the approach he had argued for building his space station), but in 1962, he converted to the

14523: 14408: 14127: 14068: 13943: 13855: 13585: 13451: 12880: 12144: 9870: 8876: 8712: 8405: 6922:"The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details | NSF - National Science Foundation" 5937: 3362: 3292: 3286: 1789: 1590: 8509:

Wernher von Braun Collection, The University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections

6344: 3388:

A Minimum Satellite Vehicle Based on Components Available from Developments of the Army Ordnance Corps

2340:, in 1975, and became its first president and chairman. In 1976, he became a scientific consultant to 2160:

The U.S. Navy had been tasked with building a rocket to lift satellites into orbit, but the resulting

1900:

The space station (to be constructed using rockets with recoverable and reusable ascent stages) was a

1726:

In September 1945, von Braun and other members of the Peenemünde team signed a work contract with the

1484:

According to André Sellier, a French historian and survivor of the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp,

14633: 14165: 14083: 14078: 13752: 13207: 13165: 11119: 10668: 9553: 9241: 9024: 9009: 8668: 8424:

Missile to Moon: PBS documentary about evolution of Huntsville to "Rocket City" and Werhner von Braun

8068: 8002: 5180: 3939: 3370: 3298: 2723: 2451:

During his stay at Fort Bliss, von Braun proposed marriage to Maria Luise von Quistorp, his maternal

2353: 2099: 1731: 764: 722: 333: 272: 9210: 8514:

Dorette Schlidt Collection, The University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections

7285:[Dispute over the Wernher von Braun Gymnasium "Do everything to make this name disappear"]. 5997: 5750:

The United States and Germany in the Era of the Cold War, 1945–1990: A Handbook: Volume 1: 1945–1968

14618: 14278: 14202: 13476: 13052: 12568: 12014: 11137: 10970: 9039: 8917: 8912: 8856: 8627: 8622: 3320:, in which von Braun features as a character. The album includes a song called "Wernher von Braun". 3234: 3083: 2905:

suggested the subtitle "But Sometimes I Hit London", the line appears in the film, spoken by actor

2633:

left SS after graduation from the school; commissioned in 1940 with date of entry backdated to 1934

2511: 2385: 2333: 2299: 1939: 1206: 548: 7835: 6833: 6554:: "Space superiority: Wernher von Braun's campaign for a nuclear-armed space station, 1946–1956". 5815: 3849: 2018:

Later (in 1959) von Braun published a short booklet, condensed from episodes that had appeared in

864:. In 1928, his parents moved him to the Hermann-Lietz-Internat (also a residential school) on the 14473: 14110: 14047: 14022: 13867: 13720: 13655: 13366: 13327: 13286: 13187: 11879: 10593: 9718: 8886: 8881: 8115: 7972: 4844: 4272: 3575: 3565: 3447: 2898: 2764: 2567: 2074: 1785: 1743: 1704: 1620:

who made it to the mountains left their location to flee to advancing American lines in Austria.

1598: 1520:(now Szczecin, Poland). where he was held for two weeks without knowing the charges against him. 1250:. The Allies realised that the V-2 was a machine, unlike anything they had developed themselves. 1089:

and issued membership number 185,068. In 1947, he gave the U.S. War Department this explanation:

847: 811: 11147: 8549: 6697:"Concluding Remarks by Dr. Wernher von Braun about Mode Selection for the Lunar Landing Program" 5208: 3961: 2168:, a belief grew within the United States that it lagged behind the Soviet Union in the emerging 1459:

inmate Adam Cabala stated that von Braun went to the concentration camp to pick slave laborers:

14483: 14350: 14293: 13815: 13798: 13744: 13707: 13507: 13481: 13436: 13192: 12867: 12436: 12336: 12323: 12149: 11279: 11253: 11225: 10899: 10773: 10557: 10061: 10013: 9695: 9566: 9348: 9161: 8866: 8592: 8513: 8508: 7654: 7503: 6984: 4663: 3585: 3172: 3144: 2977: 2972: 2811: 2716: 2337: 2235: 2231: 2120: 1981: 1871:

in 1957, the American leadership agreed to von Braun's main role in the design of space rockets

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Konstruktive, theoretische und experimentelle Beiträge zu dem Problem der Flüssigkeitsrakete.

2369:

flight took the launch slot that might have put Alan Shepard into space, three weeks ahead of

1123:(Second lieutenant) and was promoted three times by Himmler, the last time in June 1943 to SS- 1013:, an author of aerospace history and chief of the Space History Division at the Smithsonian's 795:, who served as Secretary of State in the Foreign Office in the 1970s, and a younger brother, 14385: 14298: 14288: 14230: 14100: 14095: 13936: 13601: 13563: 13532: 13441: 13340: 13322: 13222: 12927: 12313: 12295: 12195: 12108: 11475: 10920: 9951: 9736: 9548: 9396: 9095: 9065: 8841: 8678: 7074: 6288: 5683:

Helen Fry, "'The Walls Have Ears, Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-23860-0, 2019, p. 262

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managed to unveil the location after lengthy interrogations of von Braun, Walter Dornberger,

1202: 835: 788: 780: 733: 687:

program, and he developed the rockets that launched the United States' first space satellite

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To Touch the Face of God: The Sacred, the Profane, and the American Space Program, 1957–1975

6017:. Scientific and Technical Information Branch, National Aeronautics and Space Administration 4716:. Scientific and Technical Information Office, National Aeronautics and Space Administration 4265:"Recollections of Childhood: Early Experiences in Rocketry as Told by Werner von Braun 1963" 4078:

Von Ostpreußen bis Texas. Erlebnisse und zeitgeschichtliche Betrachtungen eines Ostdeutschen

3064:

television series (2019): "Operation Paperclip" (Season 1, episode 4) – von Braun played by

2415:

During his time in NASA, he opposed racial segregation which brought him into conflict with

494:

Konstruktive, theoretische und experimentelle Beiträge zu dem Problem der Flüssigkeitsrakete

14423: 14418: 14413: 13928: 13431: 13316: 13234: 13202: 13138: 13133: 12898: 12862: 12771: 12716: 12615: 12497: 12489: 12459: 12303: 12280: 12159: 11911: 11834: 11101: 11056: 10983: 10881: 10736: 10655: 10562: 10110: 10041: 9931: 9918: 9754: 9612: 9602: 9589: 9584: 9186: 9156: 8602: 8045: 7510:. Beatrice, Nebraska. Associated Press. 26 July 1982. p. 3 – via Newspapers.com. 6793: 5746:"Overcast, Paperclip, Osoaviakhim – Looting and the Transfer of German Military Technology" 5636: 5630: 5044:. Esslingan: Bechtle Verlag (US translation V-2 Viking Press: New York, 1954). p. 164. 4348: 3424: 3339: 3184: 3044: 2960:(a 2003-made 26-episode anime series): his name was used as a spacecraft name, which has a 2620: 2326: 2243: 2180: 2006: 1864: 1762: 1407: 1268: 963: 930:

for doctoral studies and graduated with a doctorate in physics in 1934. He also studied at

927: 831: 776: 477: 176: 140: 124: 10791: 8487: 6325: 5948: 5614: 5360:

The Army Air Forces in World War II: Europe, argument to V-E Day, January 1944 to May 1945

5064: 2877:

which originally aired on 9 March 1955, 28 December 1955 and 4 December 1957 respectively.

1784:, they helped refurbish, assemble, and launch a number of V-2s that had been shipped from 8: 14215: 14181: 13712: 13693: 13282: 13070: 12948: 12711: 12703: 12656: 12417: 12364: 12346: 12187: 12090: 11805: 11316: 11303: 11194: 11088: 11009: 10857: 10823: 10778: 10749: 10718: 10632: 10608: 10549: 10361: 10330: 10084: 9936: 9797: 9792: 9777: 9561: 9166: 9151: 9120: 8827: 8748: 8722: 8642: 8557: 8025: 6469: 6441: 4848: 4237: 4185: 3253: 2709: 2578: 2562: 2366: 2136: 1881: 1804: 1684: 1680: 1524: 1288: 1077:. He left the following year. In 1940, von Braun joined the SS and was given the rank of 792: 714: 676: 327: 292: 11818: 8476: 5399: 3875:"How Historians Are Reckoning With the Former Nazi Who Launched America's Space Program" 2659: 2641: 1623:

Von Braun and several members of the engineering team, including Dornberger, made it to

1079: 14012: 13590: 13497: 13471: 13411: 13395: 13371: 12820: 12638: 12545: 12392: 12318: 11674: 11510: 11443: 11392: 11160: 11083: 10928: 10807: 10786: 10723: 10521: 10356: 10232: 10207: 10189: 10139: 9913: 9898: 9885: 9880: 9857: 9677: 9579: 9388: 9176: 9171: 8922: 8891: 8693: 8329: 8243: 7919: 7863: 6551: 6512: 6356: 5792: 5720:"Fact check: Nazi scientists were brought to work for U.S. through Operation Paperclip" 5233: 4561: 4413: 3913: 3761: 3700: 3557: 3065: 3025: 3019: 2928: 2906: 2881: 2703: 2624: 2531: 2212: 2203: 2192: 2029:

flight schedule used a rocket design with five sequential stages, loosely based on the

2020: 1917: 1676: 1427: 1367: 1296: 1246:

The engineer who designed the V2, Wernher von Braun, came to be feted as a hero of the

1166: 1010: 753: 680: 631: 102: 8484:, Houston Section of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (archived) 7029:"VON BRAUN FIGHTS ALABAMA RACISM; Scientist Warns State U.S. Might Close Space Center" 5907: 5165: 4987: 3252:, weaves von Braun's real life with a fictional plot in which a young Jewish woman in 2668: 2650: 2539: 1909: 1742:

in Boston Harbor. Later, with the exception of von Braun, the men were transferred to

1505: 1125: 1094: 390: 13976: 13860: 13820: 13780: 13700: 13660: 13527: 13517: 13265: 12893: 12833: 12825: 12789: 12677: 12664: 12620: 12581: 12535: 12512: 12464: 12451: 12402: 12369: 12223: 12154: 12022: 11977: 11800: 11781: 11776: 11711: 11661: 11568: 11467: 11376: 11371: 11339: 11326: 11308: 11271: 11266: 11261: 11243: 11235: 11142: 11075: 11048: 11043: 11022: 10991: 10907: 10702: 10689: 10650: 10603: 10380: 10299: 10263: 10258: 10217: 10097: 10028: 9903: 9802: 9640: 9617: 9356: 9130: 8632: 8612: 8385: 8368: 8358: 8339: 8317: 8298: 8275: 8250: 8220: 8184: 8150: 8123: 8122:. Apogee Books Space Series 36. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell. pp. 308, 425, 509. 7804: 7234: 7203: 7111: 6944: 6718: 6654: 6646: 6636: 6536: 6376: 6293: 6271: 6222: 6191: 6121: 5891: 5850: 5698: 5640: 5583: 5558: 5533: 5467: 5420: 5364: 5338: 5283: 5260: 5214: 5135: 5114: 5068: 5037: 5014: 4962: 4931: 4776: 4692: 4669: 4632: 4591: 4553: 4423: 4417: 4362: 4352: 4294: 4215: 4158: 4135: 4108: 3993: 3708: 3655: 3500: 3488: 3455: 3249: 3217: 3210: 3202: 3131: 2456: 2112: 1948: 1934:

drew heavily on the design concept in its visualization of an orbital space station.

1890: 1849: 1816: 1812: 1594: 1561: 1557: 1497: 1469: 1402: 1391: 1216: 1187: 1162: 1055:" who was "wholly without scruples, a godless man who thought himself the only god". 987: 749: 440: 98: 6467:

See the same article by von Braun, Wernher, published as "Science and religion", in

3636: 1730:. On 20 September 1945, the first seven technicians arrived in the United States at 14209: 13850: 13461: 13312: 13040: 13019: 12776: 12721: 12573: 12553: 12502: 12479: 12469: 12384: 12285: 12247: 12218: 12200: 12126: 12098: 12035: 12009: 11990: 11763: 11750: 11719: 11459: 11451: 11284: 11124: 11035: 10912: 10836: 10681: 10660: 10575: 10503: 10437: 10325: 10281: 10268: 10250: 10245: 10071: 10036: 10008: 10003: 9974: 9964: 9941: 9926: 9875: 9772: 9571: 9463: 9364: 9295: 9135: 9105: 9034: 9029: 8968: 8953: 8765: 8607: 8587: 7915: 7382: 7283:"Streit um Wernher-von-Braun-Gymnasium "Tut alles, damit dieser Name verschwindet"" 5954: 4545: 3905: 3622:

Editor, ÖGV. (2015). Wilhelm Exner Medal. Austrian Trade Association. ÖGV. Austria.

3529: 3406: 3398: 3139: 3053: 2864: 2582: 2381: 2329:, which could not be controlled with the medical techniques available at the time. 2292: 2130:

Von Braun developed and published his space station concept during the time of the

2070: 2038: 1976: 1921: 1904:

structure, with a diameter of 250 feet (76 m); this built on the concept of a

1808: 1672: 1500:

surveillance since October 1943. A secret report stated that he and his colleagues

1485: 1312: 1221: 850:, where he did not do well in physics and mathematics. There he acquired a copy of 796: 653: 624: 561: 555: 505: 467: 298: 3422:, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York (1960). Portions of work first appeared in 14188: 14158: 13621: 13595: 13522: 13446: 13421: 13416: 13376: 13292: 12854: 12846: 12841: 12807: 12794: 12784: 12734: 12729: 12695: 12648: 12643: 12591: 12530: 12507: 12359: 12351: 12290: 12257: 12242: 12040: 11953: 11945: 11916: 11850: 11758: 11679: 11419: 11411: 11384: 11363: 11334: 11321: 11165: 11155: 11114: 11096: 11014: 10799: 10637: 10580: 10526: 10403: 10385: 10338: 10307: 10160: 10023: 10018: 9984: 9979: 9847: 9834: 9782: 9749: 9726: 9690: 9447: 9316: 9181: 9080: 9075: 9019: 8994: 8958: 8770: 8673: 8637: 8471: 8333: 8178: 8144: 7308: 6828: 6696: 6370: 6351: 6265: 5885: 5521: 5277: 5185: 5057: 4925: 4742: 4286: 4211: 4152: 4102: 3987: 3164: 3032: 2985: 2941: 2868: 2855:

Von Braun has been featured in a number of films and television shows or series:

2543: 2452: 2432: 2393: 2284: 2161: 2034: 1772: 1758: 1597:

and Dieter Huzel and recovered 14 tons of V-2 documents by 15 May 1945, from the

1398: 1048: 1040: 943: 875:. Space travel had always fascinated him, and from then on he applied himself to 768: 411: 405: 8355:

Missiles for the Fatherland: Peenemuende, National Socialism and the V-2 missile

8335:

The Rocket and the Reich: Peenemünde and the Coming of the Ballistic Missile Era

7596: 5059:

The Rocket and the Reich: Peenemünde and the Coming of the Ballistic Missile Era

4628:

The Rocket and the Reich: Peenemunde and the Coming of the Ballistic Missile Era

3874: 3402:, Urbana, University of Illinois Press, (1953). With Henry J. White, translator. 3105:(1964): Dr Strangelove is usually held to be based at least partly on von Braun. 2894: 1974:

that used the space station as a staging point. His initial plans, published in

1839:, on 31 January 1958. This event signaled the birth of America's space program. 1311:

The V-2 became the first artificial object to travel into space by crossing the

14345: 14225: 13982: 13668: 13466: 13456: 13302: 13297: 13155: 12935: 12888: 12802: 12766: 12525: 12517: 12484: 12441: 12252: 12139: 11982: 11929: 11892: 11871: 11737: 11724: 11687: 11666: 11656: 11632: 11613: 11560: 11518: 11435: 11248: 11199: 11170: 11004: 10886: 10862: 10815: 10744: 10676: 10645: 10585: 10544: 10516: 10432: 10424: 10276: 10194: 10118: 10092: 10066: 10056: 10046: 9959: 9890: 9862: 9829: 9821: 9708: 9703: 9653: 9540: 9498: 9431: 9380: 9340: 9335: 9308: 9276: 9110: 9100: 9055: 8999: 8896: 8617: 8458: 8453: 8099:. Hamburg: Gerhard Stalling Verlag (English translation 1965). pp. 89, 95. 6330: 6038:"Yes, the 'Von Braun' Space Hotel Idea Is Wild. But Could We Build It by 2025?" 5576:

Dunar, Andrew J.; Administration, U. S. National Aeronautics and Space (1999).

4131: 4058:

Spires, Shelby G. (27 June 2003). "Von Braun's brother dies; aided surrender".

3543: 3330: 3313: 3222: 3177: 3114: 2916: 2555: 2527: 2462:

On 15 April 1955, von Braun became a naturalized citizen of the United States.

2416: 2374: 2227: 2176: 2082: 2050: 1920:, and was assembled in a 1,075-mile (1,730 km) two-hour, high-inclination 1901: 1868: 1781: 1448: 1439: 1359: 887: 861: 827: 510: 206: 14609:

Recipients of the President's Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service

8245:

Stages to Saturn: A Technological History of the Apollo/Saturn Launch Vehicles

7968: 7207: 5931: 3511:

A collection of speeches delivered by von Braun over the course of his career.

3380:'Survey' of Previous Liquid Rocket Development in Germany and Future Prospects 2542:, a staff member in Peenemünde and later head of the German collective in the 2279: 1938:

30 rocket propulsion engines. Upon arrival, astronauts would establish a

1564:(on the right) surrendered to the Americans just before this 3 May 1945 photo. 1107:] a very definite desire of Himmler that I attend his invitation to join. 814:, in 1915, where his father worked at the Ministry of the Interior. After his 14402: 14373: 14355: 14250: 14240: 14172: 14017: 13650: 13381: 13160: 12812: 12630: 12596: 12586: 12446: 12412: 12331: 12275: 12270: 12262: 12210: 12182: 12177: 12131: 12048: 11961: 11887: 11863: 11771: 11581: 11573: 11355: 11347: 11217: 11030: 10996: 10978: 10894: 10849: 10844: 10754: 10598: 10539: 10534: 10508: 10416: 10411: 10317: 10312: 10294: 10286: 10237: 10170: 10165: 10105: 10079: 9759: 9741: 9713: 9645: 9625: 9594: 9482: 9439: 9372: 9303: 9090: 9085: 9060: 8932: 8658: 8582: 8577: 8499: 8372: 8285: 7782: 6609: 5529: 5416:

Stages to Saturn: A Technological History of the Apollo/Saturn Launch Vehicle

5210:

Dark Side of the Moon: Wernher von Braun, the Third Reich, and the Space Race

4557: 4338: 4154:

Dark Side of the Moon: Wernher Von Braun, the Third Reich, and the Space Race

3580: 3366: 3089: 2961: 2519: 2515: 2325:

In 1973, during a routine physical examination, von Braun was diagnosed with

2239: 2219: 2046: 2030: 2026: 1876: 1662: 1613: 1387: 1383: 1363: 1355: 1351: 1085: 959: 757: 657: 640: 369: 106: 11648: 7381:, U.S. Government Printing Office, 12 June 1963, p. 217, archived from 6658: 5958: 5887:

Red Moon Rising: Sputnik and the Hidden Rivalries That Ignited the Space Age

4366: 4316: 3473:, Garden City, New York: Anchor Press, (1976). With Frederick I. Ordway III. 2380:

Von Braun took a conservative approach to engineering, designing with ample

2257:

During the late 1960s, von Braun was instrumental in the development of the

1573: 1174: 1142: 966:

which did not include rocketry in its list of weapons forbidden to Germany.

931: 668: 14220: 13787: 12940: 12922: 12917: 12747: 12742: 12690: 12625: 12558: 12407: 12374: 12341: 12205: 12116: 11858: 11826: 11692: 11605: 11230: 11207: 10828: 10731: 10393: 10348: 10343: 10222: 10152: 10134: 10126: 10051: 9969: 9839: 9787: 9764: 9682: 9635: 9607: 9404: 9125: 8493: 8431:"The Disney-Von Braun Collaboration and Its Influence on Space Exploration" 7705: 6568: 6092: 5974: 4853: 3983: 3827: 3798:"The Disney-Von Braun Collaboration and Its Influence on Space Exploration" 3198: 3126: 2921: 2860: 2370: 2349: 2208: 2116: 2011: 1952: 1658: 1609: 1532: 1501: 1489: 1476:: "If he had done it, in my opinion, he would have been shot on the spot." 1423: 1305: 1280: 1170: 1004: 919: 914:

in his liquid-fueled rocket motor tests in conjunction with others such as

772: 672: 649: 356: 14549:

Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany

8295:

How we got to the Moon: The Story of the German Space Pioneers (Paperback)

7942:"Florida Symphony Orchestra And Bach Festival Choir – Journey To Infinity" 7329: 6540: 5972:

von Braun, Wernher; Ryan, Cornelius (27 June 1953). "Baby Space Station".

2470: 2065:

In the first half of his life, von Braun was a nonpracticing, perfunctory

13182: 13058: 12875: 12682: 12563: 12540: 12474: 12397: 12379: 12167: 12121: 12103: 12027: 11937: 11589: 11483: 11427: 11106: 10697: 10627: 10567: 10484: 10442: 10227: 9946: 9908: 9731: 9423: 8597: 7786: 3274: 3237:(2019) covers 5 days of von Braun's group in Peenemünde in November 1944. 2948: 2538:

In a TV interview on the occasion of the U.S. Moon landing in July 1969,

2488: 2484: 2341: 2066: 2042: 2002: 1988: 1962: 1943: 1739: 1578: 1569: 1195: 1070:

Von Braun joined the SS horseback riding school on 1 November 1933 as an

923: 865: 692: 62: 31: 8357:. Cambridge Centennial of Flight. New York: Cambridge University Press. 7800:"Indiana Jones 5 Will Pit Indy Against Nazis Again, In 1969 – Exclusive" 7753: 7680: 7571: 7546: 7521: 7258:[Friedberg Gymnasium: A place that can make the heart tremble]. 7003:"Wernher von Braun's Record on Civil Rights | American Experience | PBS" 4139: 2609: 1671:

Von Braun was briefly detained at the "Dustbin" interrogation center at

1531:

for Peenemünde, Dornberger obtained von Braun's conditional release and

1073: 13913: 13615: 13608: 13123: 12669: 12308: 11969: 11745: 11640: 11597: 11212: 11175: 10398: 10199: 10147: 9658: 9115: 8321: 6868:

Times, Harold M. Schmeck Jr Special to The New York (28 January 1970).

5562: 5237: 4565: 4533: 3917: 3893: 3309: 3281: 3206: 3077: 2778: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2551: 2405: 2169: 2015:, which first went on air on 9 March 1955, drawing 40 million viewers. 1836: 1800: 1793: 1754: 1456: 1443: 1273: 1226: 1000: 979: 891: 872: 839: 688: 664: 635: 224: 213: 8796: 8382:

Organizational Communication Imperatives: Lessons of the Space Program

8267:

Power to Explore: A History of Marshall Space Flight Center, 1960–1990

6402:"God Touches the Heart of a Scientist through Gideons' Bible Ministry" 6267:

How to Be Like Walt: Capturing the Disney Magic Every Day of Your Life

5579:

Power to Explore: A History of Marshall Space Flight Center, 1960–1990

14330: 14303: 14151: 14063: 13923: 13892: 13885: 13682: 13580: 13334: 11732: 11502: 9852: 9240: 8464: 8073: 6848: 3152: 2902: 2251: 2184: 2165: 2054: 2045:

of the spacecraft ending in a runway landing, much in the way of the

1894: 1828: 1649: 1536: 1434:, had a reputation for brutality and had conceived the idea of using 1431: 1292: 1247: 1191: 911: 868: 823: 819: 455: 11540: 5619:

Capture of Wernher von Braun by the 324th Regiment Anti-tank Company

5275: 4549: 3909: 3273:

and Apollo program rocket sounds album by various artists including

3102:

Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb

2753: 2291:

Nonetheless, on 1 March 1970, von Braun and his family relocated to

2152: 9244: 7789:, and von Braun; but only von Braun shared Strangelove's Nazi past. 6633:

Challenge to Apollo: The Soviet Union and the Space Race, 1945–1974

6569:"Stages to Saturn – The Saturn Building Blocks – The ABMA Transfer" 3317: 3014:) documentary – in English – from the German International channel 2956: 2247: 2131: 1970:

At this time, von Braun also worked out preliminary concepts for a

1688: 1517: 1411: 1316: 1238: 1052: 895: 800: 729: 707: 209: 78: 5632:...The Heavens and the Earth: A Political History of the Space Age 2305: 1916:. The space station spun around a central docking nave to provide 1831:, a modified Redstone rocket. The Jupiter-C was the basis for the 744:

Wernher von Braun was born on 23 March 1912, in the small town of

13845: 13835: 13738: 13177: 8973: 5826:(1). Huntsville, Alabama: University of Alabama in Huntsville: 22 5111:

The First Jet Pilot: The Story of German Test Pilot Erich Warsitz

4186:"Wernher von Braun | Biography, Quotes, & Facts | Britannica" 3193: 2965: 2506: 2420: 2218:

The Marshall Center's first major program was the development of

2053:

offers no protection against becoming unexpectedly and violently

1842: 1510: 1215:

At the time, Germany was highly interested in American physicist

1150:

Germany. In 1939, von Braun was appointed a technical advisor at

1146:

which made the first rocket fired by gasoline and liquid oxygen.

1097: 986:

for major works across occupied Europe. Von Braun is wearing the

876: 838:

from memory. Beginning in 1925, he attended a boarding school at

745: 94: 35: 6650: 6608:

Swenson, Loyd S. Jr.; Grimwood, James M.; Alexander, Charles C.

1627:. On 2 May 1945, upon finding an American private from the U.S. 1308:

and Chief Engineer Walther, and the rocket program was delayed.

13879: 13810: 13307: 13172: 8963: 8688: 8683: 8420:– Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) History Office (archived) 6941:

To Reach the Higher Frontier: A History of U.S. Launch Vehicles

6499:. Assemblies of God. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023 6114:

Braun, Wernher Von; Whipple, Fred Lawrence; Ley, Willy (1953).

1832: 1586: 1528: 1110:

I asked Müller to give me some time for reflection. He agreed.

1044: 843: 807: 799:, who was a rocket scientist and later a senior executive with 645: 531: 487: 8516:

Files of Dorette Schlidt, Wernher von Braun's first secretary.

7781:, p. 406. Dr Strangelove was widely held to be a composite of 7471:"The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details" 7449:"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement" 1835:

rocket that successfully launched the West's first satellite,

879:

and mathematics to pursue his interest in rocket engineering.

576: 13903: 13676: 13640: 13635: 13426: 7859:"A Novel of Very High Adventure (SPACE By James A. Michener)" 6871:"Von Braun to Go to Washington To Direct Space Mission Plans" 4289:

to fellow deep-sea explorer Hans Fricke, cited in: Fricke H.

3491:

and von Braun's own technical papers on the proposed project.

3096:

Several fictional characters have been modeled on von Braun:

3015: 2345: 949:

Von Braun was greatly influenced by Oberth, of whom he said:

601: 8482:

60th anniversary digital reprinting of Colliers Space Series

7887:"Review: V2 by Robert Harris review – fears of a rocket man" 7729:"Interview mit Schauspieler Ludwig Blochberger – kontinente" 6428:

Wernher von Braun, crusader for space: a biographical memoir

6310:

Wernher von Braun, crusader for space: a biographical memoir

5279:

Wernher von Braun, crusader for space: a biographical memoir

3284:

for an episode of NBC's American version of the BBC TV show

3280:"Wernher von Braun" (1965): A song written and performed by 1928:

expeditions. More than a decade later, the movie version of

1488:

had von Braun come to his Feldkommandostelle Hochwald HQ in

1374: 1141:), Germany. During a period in 1931, von Braun attended the 570: 316:

President's Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service

12998: 9004: 8550: 8429:

Wright, Mike (18 February 2016). Harbaugh, Jennifer (ed.).

7429:. Iliffe Transport Publications. 22 July 1967. p. 1030 7112:"Wernher von Braun, Rocket Pioneer: Biography & Quotes" 6852: 4961:, p. 377. Verlag Ullstein GmbH, Frankfurt a.M. and Berlin, 3796:

Wright, Mike (18 February 2016). Harbaugh, Jennifer (ed.).

3499:. Apogee Books Space Series. Collector's Guide Publishing. 1925: 1875:

In 1952, von Braun first published his concept of a crewed

1749:

Finally, von Braun and his remaining Peenemünde staff (see

1709: 1582: 699: 472: 8461:– by Anthony Young – The Space Review, Monday 10 July 2006 7256:"Gymnasium Friedberg: Ein Ort, der das Herz zittern lässt" 6719:"The Apollo Program: How NASA sent astronauts to the moon" 3442:, New York, Crowell (1975). With Frederick I. Ordway III. 3433:

Daily Journals of Wernher von Braun, May 1958 – March 1970

2164:

launch system was unreliable. In 1957, with the launch of

1823:

As director of the Development Operations Division of the

584: 7200:"Ex-German Rocket Scientists. U.S. rocket programme 1969" 6783:"Adjustment to Marshall Organization, Announcement No. 4" 3733:"Wernher von Braun: History's most controversial figure?" 3392:

It would be a blow to U.S. prestige if we did not first.

1209:

that rose to heights of 2.2 and 3.5 km (2 mi).

1103: 205:

NASA engineering program manager; chief architect of the

180: 8114: 7407:

These We Honor: The International Aerospace Hall of Fame

6535:, Ch. 1: "The Accursed Blessing", Naval Institute Press 6151:

Manned Mars landing presentation to the Space Task Group

5392:"Highlights in German Rocket Development from 1927–1945" 3040:(Season 1, episode 5) - von Braun played by Corey Maher. 2309:

Von Braun in his office at Marshall Space Flight Center.

1998:, did not appear as a printed book until December 2006. 1479: 12967: 8414:– At the U.S. 44th Infantry Division website (archived) 7792: 5466:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 501–502. 2195:." On 21 November 1960 during which the first uncrewed 2037:, with each burn creating an acceleration of 8–9 times 1889:". These articles were illustrated by the space artist 14599:

Recipients of the Knights Cross of the War Merit Cross

7093: 7091: 6894: 6892: 4212:

The Nazi Rocketeers: Dreams of Space and Crimes of War

2614:

Candidate; received rank upon joining SS Riding School

1354:

enthusiastically supported their efforts, supplying a

1237:, it had been procured by the British in exchange for 717:

to the Moon. In 1967, von Braun was inducted into the

8314:

Project Paperclip: German Scientists and the Cold War

7262:(in German). Augsburg: Presse-Druck- und Verlags-GmbH 6851:. Well before the lunar flight was launched, though, 6583:"Photos: Wernher von Braun, Space Pioneer Remembered" 6426:

Stuhlinger, Ernst & Ira Ordway, Frederick. 1994.

6308:

Stuhlinger, Ernst & Ira Ordway, Frederick. 1994.

4827: 4825: 2459:, born in 1952, and Peter Constantine, born in 1960. 1987:

Before technically formalizing his thoughts on human

1751:

List of German rocket scientists in the United States

623:; 23 March 1912 – 16 June 1977) was a 613: 604: 587: 573: 564: 7918:

Theatre and MadKap Productions. 2017. Archived from

6706:. NASA Historical Reference Collection. 7 June 1962. 6607: 5793:"Outstanding German Scientists Being Brought to U.S" 5451:. New York: The Viking Press, Inc. pp. 178–184. 5269: 4810:. Federal Bureau of Investigation. 13 September 1969 3989:

The 20th Century A–GI. Dictionary of World Biography

3932:"von Braun, Wernher: National Aviation Hall of Fame" 3519: 942:

In 1930, von Braun attended a presentation given by

791:. He had an older brother, the West German diplomat 598: 595: 581: 567: 14494:

Burials at Ivy Hill Cemetery (Alexandria, Virginia)

8097:

The Birth of the Missile: The Secrets of Peenemünde

7129: 7088: 7046: 6889: 6792:. NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. Archived from 6762: 6677: 6665: 5768:"The Pretty German Seaside Resort with a Dark Past" 5575: 5398:. NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. Archived from 5164:. NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. Archived from 5011:

The Peenemünde Raid: The Night of 17–18 August 1943

4896: 4894: 4271:. NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. Archived from 3891: 2191:

Von Braun's early years at NASA included a failed "

1345: 969: 592: 14604:Recipients of the NASA Distinguished Service Medal 8242: 7912:"MadKap Productions presents Rocket City, Alabam'" 6869: 5056: 4903:"V-2: The Nazi rocket that launched the space age" 4822: 4310: 1062: 702:, where he served as director of the newly formed 9256: 8041:"Spotlight: 1960s satirist Tom Lehrer resurfaces" 7064: 6120:. New York: Viking Press. pp. 107, 109–110. 4293:, pp. 23–24. Deutscher Taschenbuch-Verlag, 2010. 4227:and changed its activity to military development. 3992:. Vol. 7. New York: Routledge. p. 440. 3355:Proposal for a Workable Fighter with Rocket Drive 3290:; the song was later included in Lehrer's albums 3021:Wernher von Braun – Der Mann für die Wunderwaffen 2396:. Many at NASA headquarters jokingly referred to 1051:moustache" and that he perceived him as "another 14400: 11541:Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences 7492:. Birmingham, AL: Ebsco Media. pp. 95, 105. 6517:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 6456:The voice of Dr. Wernher Von Brain: An Anthology 6093:"Gallery of Wernher von Braun Moonship Sketches" 6014:Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1977: A Chronology 5933:Redstone Rocket, Hardtack-Teak Test, August 1958 5497:. Federal Bureau of Investigation. 18 April 1961 4891: 4513:. Federal Bureau of Investigation. 17 April 1961 4408: 4406: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4398: 4396: 3791: 3789: 3787: 3695: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3681: 3497:The Voice of Dr. Wernher von Braun: An Anthology 3209:occurs during World War II between teams led by 2999:Wernher von Braun – Rocket Man for War and Peace 1257:V-2: The Nazi rocket that launched the space age 406:Knights Cross of the War Merit Cross with Swords 8494:FBI Records: The Vault – Wernher VonBraun files 8219:. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. 8180:The Voice of Dr. Wernher Von Braun An Anthology 6967:Liquid hydrogen as a propulsion fuel, 1945–1959 6113: 5849:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 12. 5697:. F.A. Herbig Verlagsbuchhandlung. p. 12. 5276:Ernst Stuhlinger; Frederick Ira Ordway (1994). 4713:Liquid Hydrogen as a Propulsion Fuel, 1945–1959 4394: 4392: 4390: 4388: 4386: 4384: 4382: 4380: 4378: 4376: 3726: 3724: 2893:("I Reach for the Stars"); von Braun played by 2550:Scrutiny of von Braun's use of forced labor at 2140:Neufeld from the Space History Division of the 2125: 1827:, von Braun, with his team, then developed the 1173:, and Wernher von Braun (in civilian dress) at 910:or VfR), co-founded by Valier, and worked with 8465:The Mittelbau-Dora Concentration Camp Memorial 8094: 6320: 6318: 5257:Das KZ Mittelbau Dora. Ein historischer Abriss 4733: 4731: 1914:The Problem of Space Travel – The Rocket Motor 1843:Popular concepts for a human presence in space 1712:'s Special Committee on Space Technology, 1958 1436:concentration camp prisoners as slave laborers 27:German-American aerospace engineer (1912–1977) 14514:Directors of the Marshall Space Flight Center 12983: 9226: 8812: 8535: 7356:Journal of the British Interplanetary Society 7289:(in German). Munich: Süddeutsche Zeitung GmbH 6973:. The NASA history series. Vol. SP-4404. 6957: 6610:"MR-1: The Four-Inch Flight – This New Ocean" 5971: 5814:Saurma, Ruth G. von; Wiesman, Walter (1996). 5813: 5032: 5030: 4631:. Smithsonian Institution. pp. 178–179. 4230: 4045:, Füüsikainstituut. Retrieved 4 February 2011 3784: 3678: 3670:timestamp mismatch; 18 April 2021 suggested ( 3618: 3616: 3477:New Worlds, Discoveries From Our Solar System 2909:who plays the cynical American press officer. 2522:, von Braun, son Peter, and daughter Margrit. 2392:likened von Braun's approach to building the 1803:, von Braun and his team were transferred to 1547: 1472:(a member of the Nazi party since 1932) told 1426:, who as an engineer had constructed several 1201:Von Braun received his doctorate in physics ( 14569:Peenemünde Army Research Center and Airfield 8264:Dunar, Andrew J.; Waring, Stephen P (1999). 5693:Speer, Albert (2001). Schlie, Ulrich (ed.). 4775:. National Space Institute. pp. 43–49. 4373: 4096: 4094: 4092: 4090: 4088: 4086: 4065:team's surrender at the end of World War II. 3721: 3705:Von Braun: Dreamer of Space, Engineer of War 3454:(2nd ed.). New York: Harper & Row. 3411:German Rocketry, The Coming of the Space Age 3052:(Season 1, episode 4) – von Braun played by 2226:into and beyond Earth orbit. From this, the 999:Von Braun was an opportunist who joined the 541:Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun 453: 14504:Converts to Evangelicalism from Lutheranism 8069:"The making of System Shock 2's best level" 7228: 6315: 5845:Dunar, Andrew J; Waring, Stephen P (1999). 5844: 5008: 4728: 4331: 3869: 3867: 3024:by the Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk. Played by 2501: 2332:Von Braun helped establish and promote the 906:, where he joined the Spaceflight Society ( 644:, the leading figure in the development of 13362:Commercial Orbital Transportation Services 12990: 12976: 9233: 9219: 8819: 8805: 8542: 8528: 8110: 8108: 8106: 7966: 7487: 7067:"This Week in AG History -- June 26, 1966" 6977: 6237: 6231: 5516: 5514: 5512: 5446: 5104: 5102: 5100: 5098: 5096: 5036: 5027: 4900: 4759:, Sonderheft 1 (1960), Stuttgart, Germany. 4657: 4655: 4419:Von Braun Dreamer of Space Engineer of War 4344:Europe at War 1939–1945: No Simple Victory 3613: 2698:International Air & Space Hall of Fame 61: 14589:Naturalized citizens of the United States 14509:Deaths from pancreatic cancer in Virginia 14256:Hubble Space Telescope anniversary images 8176: 8142: 7857:Wilford, John Noble (19 September 1982). 6780: 6759:, Vol. 190, No. 5, May 1967, pp. 114–116. 6445:, p. 2, New York: The Hearst Corporation. 6063:"What Kubrick did with the man from Nasa" 5628: 4579: 4311:Leo Nutz; Elmar Wild (28 December 1989). 4259: 4257: 4255: 4083: 3756: 3754: 3752: 3750: 3748: 3746: 3337:One of the characters in the tutorial of 3277:, which features von Braun as a narrator. 2838:Learn how and when to remove this message 2585:in his honor. The complex opened in 1975. 2419:, who advocated racial discrimination in 2359: 2156:von Braun in his office with the rockets. 1984:for its trips to Mars and back to Earth. 1572:was about 160 km (100 mi) from 1132: 14614:Research and development in Nazi Germany 10950: 8862:Earth systems engineering and management 8272:United States Government Printing Office 7754:"Project Blue Book: Operation Paperclip" 7026: 6533:Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun 6375:, p. 23, Johns Hopkins University Press 6292:. Reprint by Henry Holt & Co., Inc. 6183: 6177: 6090: 5668: 5662: 5412: 5133: 5013:. New York: Bobbs-Merrill. p. 222. 4927:Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun 4901:Hollingham, Richard (8 September 2014). 4768: 4665:Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun 4588:Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun 4479:Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun 4104:Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun 3864: 3571:List of German inventors and discoverers 2505: 2469: 2431: 2322:in Germantown, Maryland on 1 July 1972. 2304: 2278: 2151: 1957: 1858: 1771: 1753:) were transferred to their new home at 1703: 1551: 1373: 1295:. Over the nights of 17–18 August 1943, 1267: 1161:First rank, from left to right, General 1156: 994: 973: 698:In 1960, his group was assimilated into 14341:NASA International Space Apps Challenge 9520: 9242:United States National Medal of Science 8826: 8718:Propulsion and Structural Test Facility 8217:Dr Wernher von Braun: A Short Biography 8103: 7884: 7856: 7547:"Disney-Land S2.E14 - Man and the Moon" 6938: 6630: 6086: 6084: 6010: 5743: 5520: 5509: 5332: 5326: 5108: 5093: 5054: 4652: 4624: 4531: 4473: 4471: 4442: 4412: 4053: 4051: 3842: 3760: 3699: 2980:(Germany), Channel One TV (Russia) and 2589: 2298:Von Braun also developed the idea of a 2060: 1328:The first combat A-4, renamed the V-2 ( 197:and designer, aerospace project manager 14: 14554:Members of the American Rocket Society 14401: 13129:Administrator and Deputy Administrator 8554:George C. Marshall Space Flight Center 8428: 7992: 7990: 7825: 7572:"Disney-Land S4.E12 - Mars and Beyond" 7253: 6781:von Braun, Wernher (16 January 1969). 6774: 6689: 6561: 5982: 5756:. Cambridge University Press: 197–203. 5440: 5206: 5202: 5200: 5178: 5150: 4869:"The Man Who Opened the Door to Space" 4337: 4252: 4150: 4057: 3982: 3795: 3743: 3707:. New York, N.Y: Vintage. p. xv. 3440:History of Rocketry & Space Travel 2984:TV (USA), 2005) – von Braun played by 2577:An arena and entertainment complex in 934:for a term from June to October 1931. 928:Friedrich-Wilhelm University of Berlin 14529:Französisches Gymnasium Berlin alumni 13919:Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite 12971: 12070: 12069: 11539: 10949: 10463: 9519: 9255: 9214: 8800: 8523: 8504:Internet Speculative Fiction Database 8234: 8088: 8038: 7975:from the original on 11 December 2021 7819: 6963: 6867: 6635:. Washington, DC: NASA. p. 283. 6492: 6270:, p. 237, Health Communications Inc. 5880: 5878: 5876: 5874: 5872: 5870: 5868: 5866: 5838: 5785: 5692: 5552: 5485: 5483: 5461: 5455: 5384: 5363:. Office of Air Force History. 1948. 5172: 5063:. New York: The Free Press. pp. 4843: 4757:Raketentechnik und Raumfahrtforschung 4709: 4668:. Naval Institute Press. p. 35. 4501: 4499: 4497: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4489: 4487: 4043:"Dr. Wernher von Braun'i mälestuseks" 3962:"A Guide to Wernher von Braun's Life" 3856:. NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. 3828:"SP-4206 Stages to Saturn, Chapter 9" 3770:American Experience: Chasing the Moon 3110:Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny 2901:. Although it was said that satirist 2743: 1480:Arrest and release by the Nazi regime 1324:Bombing of Peenemünde in World War II 1047:was still only a pompous fool with a 886:or "Rocket Rumble" fad initiated by 547: 14629:Technische Universität Berlin alumni 14544:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni 14381: 8412:The capture of von Braun and his men 8214: 8066: 7726: 7280: 7229:Winterstein, William E. Sr. (2005). 7135: 7109: 7097: 7052: 6898: 6768: 6716: 6683: 6671: 6221:, Apogee Books, Burlington, Ontario 6091:Woodfill, Jerry (30 November 2004). 6081: 6035: 5942: 5309: 5081:from the original on 28 October 2019 4923: 4831: 4661: 4585: 4468: 4100: 4048: 2776:adding citations to reliable sources 2747: 2654:: 9 November 1941 (First Lieutenant) 2561:A science- and engineering-oriented 2313: 2111:Creator." He was interviewed by the 1885:magazine series of articles titled " 1815:, which was used for the first live 1362:for the experiments. Later in 1936, 1003:to continue his work on rockets for 937: 685:intermediate-range ballistic missile 652:, and later a pioneer of rocket and 14559:National Medal of Science laureates 8297:. 21st Century Science Associates. 7987: 7885:Preston, Alex (20 September 2020). 7522:"Disney-Land S1.E20 - Man in Space" 6744:Wernher von Braun, Revised Edition. 5673:. New York: W. Morrow. p. 182. 5259:, p. 100, Westkreuz Verlag, Berlin 5255:Fiedermann, Heß, and Jaeger (1993) 5197: 4980:"Peenemünde, 17 and 18 August 1943" 4972: 4443:Neufeld, Michael J. (20 May 2019). 4315:. Oberth-museum.org. Archived from 3365:and never produced. (The differing 1699: 1556:Von Braun, with his arm in a cast, 1043:". Yet, he also wrote that "to us, 24: 14594:Prisoners and detainees of Germany 13035:National Aeronautics and Space Act 8488:CIA documents on Wernher von Braun 7110:Redd, Nola Taylor (7 March 2013). 7065:Darrin J. Rodgers (30 June 2022). 6813:. National Space Institute. p. 117 6755:"Space Man's Look at Antarctica". 6473:, 13 September 1966. Available in 5996:. 17 February 1958. Archived from 5890:, pp. 84–92, Henry Holt, New York 5863: 5803:from the original on 1 March 2010. 5717: 5480: 5158:"Excerpts from 'Power to Explore'" 4796: 4484: 4463:Wernher von Braun, Revised Edition 3964:. Apollo11space.com. December 2019 3860:from the original on 11 June 2002. 3730: 3450:& Dooling, David Jr. (1985) . 3347: 2446:SS Race and Settlement Main Office 1708:Wernher von Braun at a meeting of 1694: 706:and as the chief architect of the 25: 14650: 14639:Werner von Siemens Ring laureates 14584:People from the Province of Posen 13989:Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope 13543:Commercial Lunar Payload Services 8897:Sociocultural Systems Engineering 8454:Coat-of-arms of Wernher von Braun 8399: 7027:Franklin, Ben A. (14 June 1965). 6324:Mallon, Thomas (22 October 2007) 6103:from the original on 30 May 2010. 6036:Gohd, Chelsea (6 November 2019). 5635:. New York: Basic Books. p. 5193:from the original on 27 May 2012. 4986:. Royal Air Force. Archived from 4741:. Astronautix.com. Archived from 4693:"Wernher von Braun in SS uniform" 4445:"Wernher von Braun and the Nazis" 4291:Der Fisch, der aus der Urzeit kam 3766:"Wernher von Braun and the Nazis" 3148:, von Braun is a major character. 2940:(TV, 1998) – von Braun played by 2336:, a precursor of the present-day 2263:Applications Technology Satellite 2119:and with the civil rights leader 1728:United States Army Ordnance Corps 1037:post–World War I economic effects 822:, and he developed a passion for 14439:20th-century American physicists 14429:20th-century American architects 14380: 14369: 14368: 14284:Apollo 15 postal covers incident 14042:Space Flight Operations Facility 13228:Operations and Checkout Building 8170: 8136: 8095:Klee, Ernst; Merk, Otto (1963). 8060: 8032: 8026:"Tom Lehrer – Wernher von Braun" 8018: 7998:"Stop clapping, this is serious" 7960: 7934: 7904: 7878: 7850: 7771: 7746: 7720: 7698: 7673: 7647: 7611: 7589: 7564: 7539: 7514: 7496: 7488:Armbrester, Margaret E. (1992). 7481: 7463: 7441: 7412: 7399: 7366: 7347: 7322: 7301: 7274: 7254:Rother, Marcel (22 March 2012). 7247: 7222: 7192: 7174: 7156: 7141: 7103: 7058: 7020: 6995: 6932: 6914: 6904: 6861: 6816: 6803: 6749: 6746:Infobase Publishing. pp. 129–130 6736: 6710: 6624: 6620:from the original on 9 May 2001. 6601: 6575: 6545: 6525: 6486: 6461: 6448: 6433: 6420: 6394: 6385: 6363: 6337: 6302: 6280: 6264:Pat Williams, Jim Denney (2004) 6258: 5799:. V2Rocket.com. 1 October 1945. 5419:. Diane Publishing. p. 12. 4128:Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen 3850:"Biography of Wernher Von Braun" 3550: 3536: 3522: 2752: 2645:: 1 May 1940 (Second Lieutenant) 2602: 2427: 2179:in the south Pacific as part of 1776:Von Braun's badge at ABMA (1957) 1346:Experiments with rocket aircraft 970:Involvement with the Nazi regime 902:In 1930, von Braun attended the 853:Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen 560: 530: 414:, First Class with Swords (1943) 14574:People from Huntsville, Alabama 14434:20th-century American engineers 13503:Lunar Precursor Robotic Program 8406:Audiopodcast on Astrotalkuk.org 8249:. University Press of Florida. 8067:Lane, Rick (3 September 2017). 7826:Morrow, Lance (3 August 1998). 7457:American Academy of Achievement 7409:. Donning Co. Publishers, 2006. 6742:Spangenburg & Moser. 2009. 6211: 6141: 6107: 6055: 6029: 6004: 5965: 5925: 5900: 5807: 5760: 5737: 5711: 5686: 5677: 5653: 5622: 5603: 5569: 5546: 5406: 5351: 5303: 5249: 5227: 5127: 5048: 5002: 4951: 4917: 4861: 4837: 4762: 4749: 4703: 4685: 4618: 4604: 4525: 4461:Spangenburg & Moser. 2009. 4455: 4436: 4304: 4279: 4204: 4178: 4144: 4121: 4070: 4036: 4006: 3976: 3954: 3924: 3885: 2763:needs additional citations for 2732:World Citizenship Award in 1970 2717:American Academy of Achievement 2683:Elected Honorary Fellow of the 2572:Staatliches Gymnasium Friedberg 2554:intensified again in 1984 when 1152:Peenemünde Army Research Center 721:, and in 1975, he received the 719:National Academy of Engineering 711:super heavy-lift launch vehicle 247: 14459:20th-century German physicists 14449:20th-century German architects 8979:Systems development life cycle 8872:Enterprise systems engineering 8847:Biological systems engineering 8776:U.S. Space & Rocket Center 8146:Project Mars, A Technical Tale 8039:McKay, Ron (1 November 2020). 7967:Tom Lehrer (1 December 2008). 7281:Mayr, Stefan (23 March 2012). 7206:. 17 July 1969. Archived from 6832:. 25 July 1969. Archived from 6334:, Access date: 8 January 2015. 6219:Project Mars: a technical tale 5491:"Wernher VonBraun Part 1 of 7" 5213:. W. W. Norton & Company. 5179:Jaroff, Leon (26 March 2002). 4804:"Wernher VonBraun Part 3 of 7" 4507:"Wernher VonBraun Part 2 of 7" 4481:. Naval Institute Press. Ch. 5 3820: 3625: 3603: 3484:Project Mars: A Technical Tale 3343:is named "Wernher von Kerman". 2736:National Aviation Hall of Fame 2685:British Interplanetary Society 2474:Grave of Wernher von Braun in 2147: 1995:Project Mars: A Technical Tale 1417: 1287:By that time, the British and 858:By Rocket into Planetary Space 549:[ˌvɛʁnheːɐ̯fɔnˈbʁaʊ̯n] 13: 1: 14454:20th-century German inventors 14444:20th-century American writers 10464: 9257:Behavioral and social science 8938:System of systems engineering 8852:Cognitive systems engineering 8733:Saturn V Dynamic Test Vehicle 8380:Tompkins, Phillip K. (1993). 8353:Petersen, Michael B. (2009). 8118:; Sharpe, Mitchell R (1979). 7405:Sprekelmeyer, Linda, editor. 7354:"Prof Dr Wernher von Braun". 7233:. Robert D. Reed Publishers. 6099:. NASA Johnson Space Center. 6097:The Space Educator's Handbook 5951:NASA Technical Reports Server 5629:McDougall, Walter A. (1985). 4465:. Infobase Publishing. p. 33 4422:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 4238:"Wernher von Braun biography" 3596: 3446:Estate of Wernher von Braun; 3369:was produced during the 1944 2962:"tandem mirror fusion engine" 2402:Chicago Bridge and Iron Works 2142:National Air and Space Museum 1906:rotating wheel-shaped station 1825:Army Ballistic Missile Agency 1799:In 1950, at the start of the 1540:arising from the situation." 1169:(with Knight's Cross), Major 1139:Technische Universität Berlin 1015:National Air and Space Museum 739: 463:Army Ballistic Missile Agency 171:Technische Universität Berlin 14519:Early spaceflight scientists 14479:Architects in the Nazi Party 14464:American aerospace engineers 14321:Space program on U.S. stamps 14246:Gemini and Apollo medallions 14196:Solar System Family Portrait 13972:Joint Polar Satellite System 13841:Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter 13095:Vision for Space Exploration 13065:Space Exploration Initiative 7681:"Space Race TV Series, 2005" 6454:See von Braun's speeches in 6190:. National Space Institute. 6149:"Braun, Wernher von (1969). 6011:Ritchie, Eleanor H. (1986). 5820:Huntsville Historical Review 5797:War Department press release 5744:Neufeld, Michael J. (2004). 5555:From Peenemünde To Canaveral 5310:Roop, Lee (4 October 2002). 5181:"The Rocket Man's Dark Side" 5055:Neufeld, Michael J. (1995). 5009:Middlebrook, Martin (1982). 4984:RAF History – Bomber Command 4625:Neufeld, Michael J. (2013). 4612:"Wernher von Braun FBI file" 4590:. US Naval Institute Press. 4532:Neufeld, Michael J. (2002). 4285:As related by Auguste's son 3892:Neufeld, Michael J. (2002). 3633:"How to Pronounce Von Braun" 2976:(TV, BBC co-production with 2598:Nazi Party number: 5,738,692 2478:(Alexandria, Virginia), 2008 2259:U.S. Space and Rocket Center 2250:rocket launched the crew of 2242:, the first director of the 2126:Concepts for orbital warfare 2106:Later in life, he joined an 1887:Man Will Conquer Space Soon! 1315:with the vertical launch of 1165:(partially hidden), General 904:Technische Hochschule Berlin 704:Marshall Space Flight Center 7: 14469:American technology writers 14316:U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame 14273:We choose to go to the Moon 14236:Apollo 11 goodwill messages 13794:International Space Station 13774:Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter 13513:Great Observatories program 13357:International Space Station 13335:Roscosmos State Corporation 13252:Science Mission Directorate 13198:Manned Space Flight Network 9015:Quality function deployment 8928:Verification and validation 8728:Saturn V Dynamic Test Stand 8664:International Space Station 8384:. Oxford University Press. 8177:Von Braun, Wernher (2007). 8143:Von Braun, Wernher (2006). 7708:. Dw-world.de. 25 June 2011 7597:"I Aim at the Stars (1960)" 7475:National Science Foundation 7152:. 17 June 1977. p. A2. 6717:Mann, Adam (25 June 2020). 6704:Lunar Orbit Rendezvous File 6493:Braun, Wernher Von (1966). 6238:Ley, Willy (October 1955). 5447:Dornberger, Walter (1954). 5413:Bilstein, Roger E. (1999). 5282:. Krieger Pub. p. 42. 5246:, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 57–78 5113:. Pen and Sword Books Ltd. 5042:V2 – Der Schuss ins Weltall 4076:Magnus Freiherr von Braun, 3515: 3495:Willhite, Irene E. (2007). 3413:. New York: Meredith Press. 2897:, his wife Maria played by 2891:Ich greife nach den Sternen 2663:: 9 November 1942 (Captain) 2274:Apollo Applications Program 212:rocket; development of the 77:Wernher Magnus Maximilian, 10: 14655: 14534:German aerospace engineers 14489:Hugo Award-winning writers 14133:NASA cameras on spacecraft 13944:James Webb Space Telescope 13856:Solar Dynamics Observatory 13077:U.S. National Space Policy 12145:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar 8877:Health systems engineering 8713:Neutral Buoyancy Simulator 8312:Lasby, Clarence G (1971). 8208: 6943:. University of Kentucky. 5884:Matthew Brzezinski (2007) 4875:. May 1959. Archived from 3363:Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet 3293:That Was The Year That Was 3287:That Was The Week That Was 3048:television series (2016): 3036:television series (2015): 3018:. Original German version 2937:From the Earth to the Moon 2722:National Medal of Science 2715:Golden Plate Award of the 1790:White Sands Proving Ground 1657:(64 km) southwest to 1591:Counter Intelligence Corps 1548:Surrender to the Americans 1341:manufacture these rockets. 1321: 1207:two liquid fuel A2 rockets 634:. He was a member of the 278:Emmy von Quistorp (mother) 29: 14364: 14264: 14141: 14056: 14001: 13964: 13763: 13573: 13560: 13490: 13404: 13394: 13349: 13275: 13264: 13208:Vehicle Assembly Building 13116: 13015: 13005: 12907: 12756: 12605: 12426: 12232: 12080: 12076: 12065: 11999: 11901: 11790: 11701: 11622: 11550: 11546: 11535: 11492: 11401: 11293: 11184: 11120:William Hayward Pickering 11065: 10960: 10956: 10945: 10871: 10763: 10617: 10493: 10474: 10470: 10459: 10370: 10179: 9993: 9811: 9667: 9530: 9526: 9515: 9472: 9413: 9325: 9285: 9266: 9262: 9251: 9195: 9144: 9048: 9025:Systems Modeling Language 8987: 8946: 8905: 8834: 8784: 8741: 8702: 8669:Chandra X-ray Observatory 8651: 8565: 8470:29 September 2011 at the 8003:The Sydney Morning Herald 7828:"The Moon and the Clones" 6286:Wernher von Braun (2000) 6217:Wernher von Braun (2006) 5553:Huzel, Dieter K. (1962). 4930:. Naval Institute Press. 4107:. Naval Institute Press. 3371:Emergency Fighter Program 3299:The Remains of Tom Lehrer 2724:National Medal of Science 2676: 2373:. His Soviet counterpart 2354:National Medal of Science 2211:into space. He named his 2202:After the success of the 1863:Von Braun with President 1817:nuclear ballistic missile 1732:New Castle Army Air Field 1496:Von Braun had been under 908:Verein für Raumschiffahrt 765:Magnus Freiherr von Braun 723:National Medal of Science 529: 524: 520: 516: 504: 486: 446: 436: 429: 425: 421: 398: 384: 376: 362: 352: 347: 343: 334:National Medal of Science 308: 285: 265: 257: 231: 220: 201: 190: 163: 155: 147: 132: 113: 72: 60: 53: 14539:German rocket scientists 14499:Center Directors of NASA 14279:Apollo 8 Genesis reading 14203:The Day the Earth Smiled 13538:Solar Terrestrial Probes 12997: 12569:Norman Foster Ramsey Jr. 12015:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan 9646:Burrhus Frederic Skinner 9040:Work breakdown structure 8918:Functional specification 8913:Requirements engineering 8857:Configuration management 8659:Space Shuttle Propulsion 8338:. New York: Free Press. 8293:Freeman, Marsha (1993). 8241:Bilstein, Roger (2003). 7655:"The Perfumed Nightmare" 7626:Staatkircheforschunsgamt 7231:Secrets Of The Space Age 6631:Siddiqi, Asif A (2000). 6369:Oliver, Kendrick (2012) 6360:, Access: 8 January 2015 5816:"The German Rocket Team" 4845:Weisstein, Eric Wolfgang 4210:Various sources such as 3308:(1991): A rock opera by 3306:The Last Days of Pompeii 2502:Recognition and critique 2465: 2334:National Space Institute 1679:, subsequently known as 1654:U.S. Army Ordnance Corps 1648:and Bleicherode area in 818:, his mother gave him a 775:and was a descendant of 691:in 1958. He worked with 237:Maria Luise von Quistorp 14579:People from Piła County 14336:Other primates in space 14048:Deep Space Atomic Clock 13868:Mars Science Laboratory 13656:Spitzer Space Telescope 13245:Lunar Sample Laboratory 13188:Launch Services Program 11880:Cathleen Synge Morawetz 9798:George Ledyard Stebbins 9719:James Augustine Shannon 8887:Reliability engineering 8882:Performance engineering 8490:at the Internet Archive 8116:Ordway, Frederick I III 8028:– via genius.com. 7619:"Die gefrorenen Blitze" 7599:. Turner Classic Movies 7420:"Dr von Braun Honoured" 6964:Sloop, John L. (1978). 6939:Launius, Roger (2002). 6824:"Next, Mars and Beyond" 6483:, Volume II, Number 10. 6184:Bergaust, Erik (1976). 5912:Encyclopedia of Alabama 5337:. Chicago: Ivan R Dee. 5333:Sellier, André (2003). 4769:Bergaust, Erik (1976). 4710:Sloop, John L. (1978). 3576:List of coupled cousins 3566:Robert Esnault-Pelterie 3452:Space Travel: A History 3448:Ordway III, Frederick I 3334:was named the Von Braun 3316:alternative rock group 2568:Nazi concentration camp 2197:Mercury-Redstone rocket 2075:Frederick I. Ordway III 1982:Hohmann transfer orbits 1786:Allied-occupied Germany 1744:Aberdeen Proving Ground 1718:U.S. Secretary of State 1599:British Occupation Zone 1438:in the rocket program. 958:According to historian 848:Free State of Thuringia 14351:National Astronaut Day 14294:The Astronaut Monument 14116:Space Shuttle missions 13816:Mars Exploration Rover 13799:Hubble Space Telescope 13708:Kepler space telescope 13508:Earth Observing System 13482:Mars Exploration Rover 13193:Mercury Control Center 12337:Joseph O. Hirschfelder 12324:Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer 11280:Harry George Drickamer 11226:Hans Wolfgang Liepmann 10900:M. Frederick Hawthorne 10774:John D. Baldeschwieler 10014:Daniel E. Koshland Jr. 9696:Earl W. Sutherland Jr. 9162:Industrial engineering 8867:Electrical engineering 8418:Wernher von Braun page 8316:. New York: Atheneum. 7334:www.vonbrauncenter.com 6809:Bergaust, Erik. 1976. 6345:"A 20th-Century Faust" 6312:. Krieger Pub, p. 270 6240:"For Your Information" 5495:FBI Records: The Vault 5464:Inside the Third Reich 5462:Speer, Albert (1995). 5207:Biddle, Wayne (2009). 5109:Warsitz, Lutz (2009). 4957:Speer, Albert (1969). 4808:FBI Records: The Vault 4697:The Reformation Online 4511:FBI Records: The Vault 4151:Biddle, Wayne (2009). 4014:""Von Braun, Wernher"" 3586:Konstantin Tsiolkovsky 3471:The Rocket's Red Glare 3145:The Manhattan Projects 3050:Party at Castle Varlar 2672:: 28 June 1943 (Major) 2523: 2479: 2437: 2360:Engineering philosophy 2348:, and a member of the 2338:National Space Society 2310: 2288: 2236:lunar orbit rendezvous 2232:Earth orbit rendezvous 2157: 2121:Martin Luther King Jr. 2092: 1967: 1908:introduced in 1929 by 1872: 1867:, 1960; following the 1777: 1713: 1661:, a small town in the 1638: 1629:44th Infantry Division 1565: 1465: 1379: 1343: 1334:Science Museum, London 1276: 1259:, BBC, September 2014. 1252: 1182: 1133:Work under Nazi regime 1116: 1033: 1024: 991: 956: 785:Robert III of Scotland 454: 14299:Lunar sample displays 14289:Space Mirror Memorial 14231:Voyager Golden Record 14123:United States rockets 13315: (with the 13223:Launch Control Center 12928:Sylvester James Gates 12314:William Alfred Fowler 12296:Robert Rathbun Wilson 12109:Robert Burns Woodward 10921:Geraldine L. Richmond 10669:Howard E. Simmons Jr. 9952:Rosalyn Sussman Yalow 9881:Vernon B. Mountcastle 9737:Sterling B. Hendricks 9554:Marshall W. Nirenberg 9549:Theodosius Dobzhansky 9397:William Julius Wilson 9096:Arthur David Hall III 9066:Benjamin S. Blanchard 8842:Aerospace engineering 8679:Project Constellation 8459:Remembering Von Braun 7309:"SCHULCHRONIK AM SGF" 7260:Augsburger Allgemeine 7075:Assemblies of God USA 6289:First Men to the Moon 5990:"Reach for the Stars" 5671:Crossbow and Overcast 5243:German Studies Review 4538:German Studies Review 4134:, R. Oldenbourg 1923 3898:German Studies Review 3591:Von Braun Interceptor 3419:First Men to the Moon 3390:. 15 September 1954. 3271:Johann Sebastian Bach 3142:'s comic book series 2885:(1960) – also titled 2730:Civitan International 2691:Elliott Cresson Medal 2509: 2473: 2435: 2308: 2282: 2155: 2087: 1972:human mission to Mars 1961: 1931:2001: A Space Odyssey 1862: 1775: 1721:Edward Stettinius Jr. 1707: 1633: 1555: 1461: 1377: 1338: 1279:On 22 December 1942, 1271: 1244: 1203:aerospace engineering 1179:Province of Pomerania 1160: 1091: 1028: 1019: 995:Nazi Party membership 977: 951: 789:Edward III of England 781:Valdemar I of Denmark 734:human mission to Mars 377:Years of service 322:Elliott Cresson Medal 13317:Soviet space program 13235:Johnson Space Center 13203:Kennedy Space Center 13166:spinoff technologies 12899:Warren M. Washington 12863:Fay Ajzenberg-Selove 12772:Jeremiah P. Ostriker 12717:Martin Schwarzschild 12498:Solomon J. Buchsbaum 12490:J. Robert Schrieffer 12460:E. Margaret Burbidge 12304:Nicolaas Bloembergen 12281:Arie Jan Haagen-Smit 12160:Vladimir K. Zworykin 11912:John Griggs Thompson 11835:Martin David Kruskal 11675:Kurt Otto Friedrichs 11148:Erwin Wilhelm Müller 11102:Ralph Brazelton Peck 11057:Jack St. Clair Kilby 10984:John Robinson Pierce 10951:Engineering sciences 10882:Jacqueline K. Barton 10737:George M. Whitesides 10656:Dudley R. Herschbach 10594:Richard B. Bernstein 10563:Walter H. Stockmayer 10111:Elizabeth F. Neufeld 10042:G. Evelyn Hutchinson 9932:Stanley Norman Cohen 9919:Rita Levi-Montalcini 9755:Keith Roberts Porter 9618:Alfred H. Sturtevant 9613:Michael Heidelberger 9585:Fritz Albert Lipmann 9187:Software engineering 9157:Computer engineering 8789:acting director only 8288:on 1 September 2000. 7427:Flight International 7287:Süddeutschen Zeitung 6350:2 April 2015 at the 6343:Walker, Mark (2008) 6117:Conquest of the Moon 6000:on 21 December 2007. 5669:McGovern, J (1964). 5316:The Huntsville Times 5136:"Mittelbau Overview" 4275:on 12 February 2009. 4060:The Huntsville Times 3936:Nationalaviation.org 3703:(11 November 2008). 3639:on 23 September 2024 3340:Kerbal Space Program 3246:Rocket City, Alabam' 2772:improve this article 2590:Summary of SS career 2320:Fairchild Industries 2244:Kennedy Space Center 2181:Operation Hardtack I 2061:Religious conversion 1940:permanent lunar base 1865:Dwight D. Eisenhower 1854:The Huntsville Times 1687:and inventor of the 1585:mountain range near 1474:The Huntsville Times 1408:calcium permanganate 1401:'s experiments into 1366:was seconded by the 964:Treaty of Versailles 922:, Hermann Oberth or 860:) by rocket pioneer 806:The family moved to 777:Philip III of France 679:. He worked for the 478:Fairchild Industries 177:University of Berlin 141:Alexandria, Virginia 125:Alexandria, Virginia 14564:Operation Paperclip 14326:Apollo 17 Moon mice 14182:Pillars of Creation 14089:Space Shuttle crews 13567:(human and robotic) 13561:Individual featured 13144:Ranks and positions 12949:Shirley Ann Jackson 12868:Charles P. Slichter 12712:Marshall Rosenbluth 12704:Wallace S. Broecker 12657:Eugene M. Shoemaker 12418:Victor F. Weisskopf 12365:Herbert S. Gutowsky 12347:Edgar Bright Wilson 12188:George Kistiakowsky 11806:Stephen Cole Kleene 11317:George H. Heilmeier 11304:Mildred Dresselhaus 11195:Edward H. Heinemann 11125:Frederick E. Terman 11089:Richard T. Whitcomb 11010:Clarence L. Johnson 10971:Theodore von Kármán 10858:Stephen J. Benkovic 10837:Mostafa A. El-Sayed 10824:Marvin H. Caruthers 10779:Ralph F. Hirschmann 10719:Darleane C. Hoffman 10609:Harden M. McConnell 10550:Frank H. Westheimer 10362:Stanley B. Prusiner 10326:Robert J. Lefkowitz 10085:Howard Martin Temin 9942:Maurice R. Hilleman 9937:Joseph L. Goldstein 9876:Donald A. Henderson 9793:Earl Reece Stadtman 9778:Elizabeth C. Crosby 9742:Orville Alvin Vogel 9572:Donald D. Van Slyke 9521:Biological sciences 9167:Operations research 9152:Control engineering 9121:Joseph Francis Shea 8828:Systems engineering 8749:Operation Paperclip 8723:Redstone Test Stand 8558:Huntsville, Alabama 8215:West, Doug (2017). 7969:"Wernher von Braun" 6790:MSFC History Office 6470:Rome Daily American 6442:The American Weekly 6391:Oliver, 2012, p. 24 5908:"Wernher von Braun" 5695:Alles, was ich weiß 5402:on 28 October 2005. 5396:MSFC History Office 5322:on 26 October 2002. 5162:MSFC History Office 4313:"Oberth-museum.org" 4269:MSFC History Office 3854:MSFC History Office 3762:Neufeld, Michael J. 3731:Teitel, Amy Shira. 3664:|archive-date= 3254:Huntsville, Alabama 3205:novel in which the 2982:National Geographic 2851:Film and television 2787:"Wernher von Braun" 2710:Wilhelm Exner Medal 2612:: 1 November 1933 ( 2579:Huntsville, Alabama 2574:" in February 2014. 2386:redundant structure 2367:Mercury-Redstone BD 1992:manuscript, titled 1820:Redstone Arsenal." 1811:, resulting in the 1805:Huntsville, Alabama 1685:Rolls-Royce Limited 1681:Operation Paperclip 1544:regime had fallen. 1527:, in charge of the 1525:Hans Georg Klamroth 1428:concentration camps 1289:Soviet intelligence 1192:Ordnance Department 1154:on the Baltic Sea. 793:Sigismund von Braun 713:that propelled the 677:Operation Paperclip 328:Wilhelm Exner Medal 293:Sigismund von Braun 14624:SS-Sturmbannführer 14128:NASA cancellations 14023:Deep Space Network 14013:Near Earth Network 13498:Living With a Star 13472:Project Prometheus 13452:Planetary Observer 12821:G. Brent Dalrymple 12639:Arthur L. Schawlow 12546:James A. Van Allen 12437:Philip W. Anderson 12393:Richard P. Feynman 12319:Linus Carl Pauling 11954:Dennis P. Sullivan 11511:John B. Goodenough 11444:Edwin N. Lightfoot 11412:Yuan-Cheng B. Fung 11393:Kenneth N. Stevens 11161:Raymond D. Mindlin 11084:Harold E. Edgerton 10929:A. Paul Alivisatos 10808:Stephen J. Lippard 10787:Ernest R. Davidson 10724:Harold S. Johnston 10558:William S. Johnson 10522:George C. Pimentel 10357:Susan L. Lindquist 10339:Francis S. Collins 10233:Victor A. McKusick 10208:Francisco J. Ayala 10190:Nancy C. Andreasen 10140:Robert A. Weinberg 9914:Har Gobind Khorana 9899:Michael E. DeBakey 9886:George Emil Palade 9858:Wendell L. Roelofs 9848:Howard L. Bachrach 9678:Barbara McClintock 9580:Edward F. Knipling 9177:Quality management 9172:Project management 9000:Function modelling 8923:System integration 8892:Safety engineering 8754:list of scientists 8441:on 2 November 2022 8330:Neufeld, Michael J 8270:. Washington, DC: 8235:Additional reading 7922:on 1 December 2017 7864:The New York Times 7727:Ortmanns, Nadine. 7508:Beatrice Daily Sun 7210:on 8 December 2019 7165:The New York Times 7033:The New York Times 6911:either time limit. 6876:The New York Times 6476:New Age Frontiersn 6406:christiantoday.com 6357:American Scientist 5234:Michael J. Neufeld 5038:Dornberger, Walter 4990:on 1 November 2006 4924:Ward, Bob (2013). 4745:on 17 August 2013. 4662:Ward, Bob (2005). 4586:Ward, Bob (2009). 4190:www.britannica.com 4101:Ward, Bob (2005). 3942:on 26 October 2020 3920:– via JSTOR. 3830:. history.nasa.gov 3808:on 2 November 2022 3668:|archive-url= 3558:Spaceflight portal 3248:, a stage play by 3066:Thomas Kretschmann 3026:Ludwig Blochberger 2992:The Lost Von Braun 2964:and aims to reach 2929:Perfumed Nightmare 2920:(1967) – based on 2882:I Aim at the Stars 2744:In popular culture 2704:Langley Gold Medal 2696:Inducted into the 2595:SS number: 185,068 2524: 2480: 2438: 2311: 2289: 2213:Mercury-Redstone 3 2204:Mercury-Redstone 2 2158: 2069:. As described by 2021:This Week Magazine 1968: 1918:artificial gravity 1873: 1778: 1714: 1677:Operation Overcast 1566: 1560:(on the left) and 1397:At the same time, 1380: 1330:Vergeltungswaffe 2 1297:RAF Bomber Command 1277: 1183: 1167:Friedrich Olbricht 1063:Membership in the 1011:Michael J. Neufeld 992: 990:on his suit lapel. 754:Kingdom of Prussia 681:United States Army 628:aerospace engineer 40:Freiherr von Braun 14524:ETH Zurich alumni 14409:Wernher von Braun 14396: 14395: 14309:stolen or missing 14106:uncrewed missions 14084:Apollo astronauts 14079:Gemini astronauts 13997: 13996: 13781:2001 Mars Odyssey 13556: 13555: 13432:Mars Surveyor '98 13390: 13389: 13333: (with 13266:Human spaceflight 13260: 13259: 13218:Launch Complex 48 13213:Launch Complex 39 12965: 12964: 12961: 12960: 12957: 12956: 12894:Esther M. Conwell 12834:Robert N. Clayton 12826:Riccardo Giacconi 12790:Raymond Davis Jr. 12678:Albert Overhauser 12621:Edwin M. McMillan 12582:Arnold O. Beckman 12559:Paul Ching-Wu Chu 12536:Paul C. Lauterbur 12513:Robert Hofstadter 12465:Maurice Goldhaber 12452:Charles H. Townes 12403:Edward M. Purcell 12370:Frederick Rossini 12224:Wolfgang Panofsky 12155:John H. Van Vleck 12071:Physical sciences 12061: 12060: 12057: 12056: 12023:Solomon W. Golomb 11983:Andrew J. Viterbi 11978:Leonard Kleinrock 11925:Calyampudi R. Rao 11893:Ronald R. Coifman 11801:George F. Carrier 11782:Donald C. Spencer 11777:Saunders Mac Lane 11712:Marshall H. Stone 11662:Shiing-Shen Chern 11569:Solomon Lefschetz 11531: 11530: 11527: 11526: 11468:David J. Wineland 11436:John M. Prausnitz 11377:C. Kumar N. Patel 11372:James L. Flanagan 11340:John Roy Whinnery 11327:H. Guyford Stever 11309:Nick Holonyak Jr. 11272:George W. Housner 11267:Willis M. Hawkins 11262:Daniel C. Drucker 11244:Robert Byron Bird 11236:Bernard M. Oliver 11143:Peter C. Goldmark 11130:Wernher von Braun 11076:George E. Mueller 11049:Nathan M. Newmark 11044:J. Presper Eckert 11023:Claude E. Shannon 10992:Charles S. Draper 10941: 10940: 10937: 10936: 10908:Judith P. Klinman 10792:Gábor A. Somorjai 10703:Isabella L. Karle 10690:George S. Hammond 10651:Gertrude B. Elion 10604:Rudolph A. Marcus 10455: 10454: 10451: 10450: 10381:Ralph L. Brinster 10300:Torsten N. Wiesel 10277:Norman E. Borlaug 10264:Solomon H. Snyder 10259:J. Michael Bishop 10218:Mario R. Capecchi 10098:Salome G. Waelsch 10029:E. Donnall Thomas 9904:Theodor O. Diener 9803:Paul Alfred Weiss 9631:Bernard B. Brodie 9567:George G. Simpson 9511: 9510: 9507: 9506: 9456:Michael I. Posner 9357:Eleanor J. Gibson 9309:George J. Stigler 9277:Neal Elgar Miller 9208: 9207: 9131:Manuela M. Veloso 9071:Wernher von Braun 8794: 8793: 8500:Wernher von Braun 7490:The Civitan Story 7204:Thames Television 7150:Los Angeles Times 6531:Ward, Bob (2013) 6165:on 12 August 2021 6069:. 7 December 2015 5978:. pp. 33–35. 5617:on 28 April 2015. 5557:. Prentice Hall. 4879:on 5 October 2012 4477:Ward, Bob. 2013. 3714:978-0-307-38937-4 3489:Chesley Bonestell 3211:Robert H. Goddard 3203:alternate history 3185:Gravity's Rainbow 3132:Ministry of Space 3129:'s graphic novel 3061:Project Blue Book 2887:Wernher von Braun 2848: 2847: 2840: 2822: 2496:Ivy Hill Cemetery 2476:Ivy Hill Cemetery 2314:Career after NASA 2285:President Kennedy 2113:Assemblies of God 1891:Chesley Bonestell 1850:space exploration 1736:Army Intelligence 1716:On 20 June 1945, 1595:Bernhard Tessmann 1562:Bernhard Tessmann 1558:Walter Dornberger 1470:Konrad Dannenberg 1403:hydrogen peroxide 1392:wheels-up landing 1382:In June 1937, at 1319:on 20 June 1944. 1272:Schematic of the 1217:Robert H. Goddard 1188:Walter Dornberger 1163:Walter Dornberger 938:Career in Germany 750:Province of Posen 715:Apollo spacecraft 673:World War II 538: 537: 441:Rocket propulsion 431:Scientific career 137:Ivy Hill Cemetery 67:Von Braun in 1960 55:Wernher von Braun 18:Wernher Von Braun 16:(Redirected from 14646: 14634:V-weapons people 14384: 14383: 14372: 14371: 14210:Fallen Astronaut 13851:Van Allen Probes 13571: 13570: 13477:Mars Exploration 13402: 13401: 13273: 13272: 13041:Space Task Group 13013: 13012: 12992: 12985: 12978: 12969: 12968: 12777:Gilbert F. White 12722:George Wetherill 12616:Allan M. Cormack 12574:Jack Steinberger 12554:D. Allan Bromley 12503:H. Richard Crane 12480:Frederick Reines 12470:Helmut Landsberg 12385:George Uhlenbeck 12286:Vladimir Haensel 12248:Allan R. Sandage 12219:Herbert C. Brown 12201:Herbert Friedman 12127:Leon M. Lederman 12099:Julian Schwinger 12078: 12077: 12067: 12066: 12036:Alexandre Chorin 12010:Richard A. Tapia 11991:David B. Mumford 11819:Alberto Calderón 11764:Joseph B. Keller 11751:Michael Freedman 11720:Herman Goldstine 11574:H. Marston Morse 11548: 11547: 11537: 11536: 11476:Rudolf E. Kálmán 11460:Robert S. Langer 11452:Jan D. Achenbach 11285:Herbert E. Grier 11036:Igor I. Sikorsky 10997:Othmar H. Ammann 10958: 10957: 10947: 10946: 10913:Jerrold Meinwald 10682:Norman Hackerman 10661:Glenn T. Seaborg 10576:William O. Baker 10504:F. Albert Cotton 10472: 10471: 10461: 10460: 10438:Mary-Claire King 10331:Bert W. O'Malley 10287:Thomas E. Starzl 10282:Phillip A. Sharp 10269:Charles Yanofsky 10251:Evelyn M. Witkin 10246:James E. Darnell 10072:Paul C. Zamecnik 10037:Mary Ellen Avery 10009:Herbert W. Boyer 10004:Baruj Benacerraf 9975:Joshua Lederberg 9965:Viktor Hamburger 9927:Michael S. Brown 9773:Robert H. Burris 9528: 9527: 9517: 9516: 9464:Mortimer Mishkin 9389:William K. Estes 9373:Roger N. Shepard 9365:Robert K. Merton 9349:George A. Miller 9296:Herbert A. Simon 9264: 9263: 9253: 9252: 9235: 9228: 9221: 9212: 9211: 9136:John N. Warfield 9106:Robert E. Machol 9035:Systems modeling 9030:Systems analysis 8969:System lifecycle 8954:Business process 8821: 8814: 8807: 8798: 8797: 8766:Redstone Arsenal 8544: 8537: 8530: 8521: 8520: 8496:at vault.fbi.gov 8450: 8448: 8446: 8437:. Archived from 8395: 8376: 8349: 8325: 8308: 8289: 8284:. Archived from 8260: 8248: 8230: 8202: 8201: 8199: 8197: 8183:. Apogee Books. 8174: 8168: 8167: 8165: 8163: 8149:. Apogee Books. 8140: 8134: 8133: 8112: 8101: 8100: 8092: 8086: 8085: 8083: 8081: 8064: 8058: 8057: 8055: 8053: 8036: 8030: 8029: 8022: 8016: 8015: 8013: 8011: 7994: 7985: 7984: 7982: 7980: 7964: 7958: 7957: 7955: 7953: 7938: 7932: 7931: 7929: 7927: 7908: 7902: 7901: 7899: 7897: 7882: 7876: 7875: 7873: 7871: 7854: 7848: 7847: 7845: 7843: 7834:. 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March 1950. 7351: 7345: 7344: 7342: 7340: 7326: 7320: 7319: 7317: 7315: 7305: 7299: 7298: 7296: 7294: 7278: 7272: 7271: 7269: 7267: 7251: 7245: 7244: 7226: 7220: 7219: 7217: 7215: 7196: 7190: 7189: 7178: 7172: 7171: 7167:. 18 June 1977. 7160: 7154: 7153: 7145: 7139: 7133: 7127: 7126: 7124: 7122: 7107: 7101: 7095: 7086: 7085: 7083: 7081: 7062: 7056: 7050: 7044: 7043: 7041: 7039: 7024: 7018: 7017: 7015: 7013: 6999: 6993: 6992: 6981: 6975: 6974: 6972: 6961: 6955: 6954: 6936: 6930: 6929: 6918: 6912: 6908: 6902: 6896: 6887: 6886: 6884: 6882: 6873: 6865: 6859: 6858: 6843: 6841: 6836:on 20 March 2007 6820: 6814: 6807: 6801: 6800: 6799:on 21 June 2007. 6798: 6787: 6778: 6772: 6766: 6760: 6753: 6747: 6740: 6734: 6733: 6731: 6729: 6714: 6708: 6707: 6701: 6693: 6687: 6681: 6675: 6669: 6663: 6662: 6628: 6622: 6621: 6605: 6599: 6598: 6596: 6594: 6579: 6573: 6572: 6565: 6559: 6549: 6543: 6529: 6523: 6522: 6516: 6508: 6506: 6504: 6490: 6484: 6465: 6459: 6452: 6446: 6437: 6431: 6424: 6418: 6417: 6415: 6413: 6398: 6392: 6389: 6383: 6367: 6361: 6341: 6335: 6322: 6313: 6306: 6300: 6284: 6278: 6262: 6256: 6255: 6253: 6251: 6235: 6229: 6215: 6209: 6208: 6206: 6204: 6181: 6175: 6174: 6172: 6170: 6164: 6158:. Archived from 6157: 6145: 6139: 6138: 6136: 6134: 6111: 6105: 6104: 6088: 6079: 6078: 6076: 6074: 6059: 6053: 6052: 6050: 6048: 6033: 6027: 6026: 6024: 6022: 6008: 6002: 6001: 5986: 5980: 5979: 5969: 5963: 5962: 5959:2060/19630006100 5946: 5940: 5934: 5929: 5923: 5922: 5920: 5918: 5904: 5898: 5882: 5861: 5860: 5847:Power to Explore 5842: 5836: 5835: 5833: 5831: 5811: 5805: 5804: 5789: 5783: 5782: 5780: 5778: 5764: 5758: 5757: 5741: 5735: 5734: 5732: 5730: 5718:Fauzia, Miriam. 5715: 5709: 5708: 5690: 5684: 5681: 5675: 5674: 5666: 5660: 5657: 5651: 5650: 5626: 5620: 5618: 5613:. Archived from 5607: 5601: 5600: 5598: 5596: 5573: 5567: 5566: 5550: 5544: 5543: 5522:Cadbury, Deborah 5518: 5507: 5506: 5504: 5502: 5487: 5478: 5477: 5459: 5453: 5452: 5444: 5438: 5437: 5435: 5433: 5410: 5404: 5403: 5388: 5382: 5381: 5379: 5377: 5355: 5349: 5348: 5330: 5324: 5323: 5318:. Archived from 5307: 5301: 5300: 5298: 5296: 5273: 5267: 5253: 5247: 5236:(February 2002) 5231: 5225: 5224: 5204: 5195: 5194: 5176: 5170: 5169: 5154: 5148: 5147: 5145: 5143: 5131: 5125: 5124: 5106: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5086: 5067:, 160–162, 190. 5062: 5052: 5046: 5045: 5034: 5025: 5024: 5006: 5000: 4999: 4997: 4995: 4976: 4970: 4955: 4949: 4948: 4946: 4944: 4921: 4915: 4914: 4912: 4910: 4898: 4889: 4888: 4886: 4884: 4865: 4859: 4858: 4849:"Robert Goddard" 4841: 4835: 4829: 4820: 4819: 4817: 4815: 4800: 4794: 4793: 4791: 4789: 4766: 4760: 4753: 4747: 4746: 4735: 4726: 4725: 4723: 4721: 4707: 4701: 4700: 4689: 4683: 4682: 4659: 4650: 4649: 4647: 4645: 4622: 4616: 4615: 4608: 4602: 4601: 4583: 4577: 4576: 4574: 4572: 4529: 4523: 4522: 4520: 4518: 4503: 4482: 4475: 4466: 4459: 4453: 4452: 4440: 4434: 4433: 4414:Neufeld, Michael 4410: 4371: 4370: 4335: 4329: 4328: 4326: 4324: 4308: 4302: 4283: 4277: 4276: 4261: 4250: 4249: 4247: 4245: 4234: 4228: 4208: 4202: 4201: 4199: 4197: 4182: 4176: 4175: 4173: 4171: 4148: 4142: 4125: 4119: 4118: 4098: 4081: 4080:. Stollhamm 1955 4074: 4068: 4067: 4055: 4046: 4040: 4034: 4033: 4031: 4029: 4020:. Archived from 4018:Erratik Institut 4010: 4004: 4003: 3984:Magill, Frank N. 3980: 3974: 3973: 3971: 3969: 3958: 3952: 3951: 3949: 3947: 3938:. Archived from 3928: 3922: 3921: 3889: 3883: 3882: 3871: 3862: 3861: 3846: 3840: 3839: 3837: 3835: 3824: 3818: 3817: 3815: 3813: 3804:. Archived from 3793: 3782: 3781: 3779: 3777: 3758: 3741: 3740: 3728: 3719: 3718: 3701:Neufeld, Michael 3697: 3676: 3675: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3659: 3651: 3646: 3644: 3635:. Archived from 3629: 3623: 3620: 3611: 3607: 3560: 3555: 3554: 3553: 3546: 3541: 3540: 3532: 3530:Biography portal 3527: 3526: 3525: 3510: 3465: 3436: 3414: 3407:Arthur C. Clarke 3399:The Mars Project 3394: 3383: 3358: 3324:In video games: 3266:Infinite Journey 3140:Jonathan Hickman 3121:In print media: 3054:Christian Oliver 3002:- A three-part ( 2871:" – episodes of 2865:Man and the Moon 2843: 2836: 2832: 2829: 2823: 2821: 2780: 2756: 2748: 2660:Hauptsturmführer 2642:Untersturmführer 2583:Von Braun Center 2293:Washington, D.C. 2079:fröhlicher Heide 2071:Ernst Stuhlinger 2039:standard gravity 1977:The Mars Project 1882:Collier's Weekly 1809:Redstone Arsenal 1738:Service post at 1700:U.S. Army career 1673:Kransberg Castle 1589:. The U.S. Army 1486:Heinrich Himmler 1378:A regular He 112 1260: 1121:Untersturmführer 1080:Untersturmführer 988:Nazi party badge 797:Magnus von Braun 760:and now Poland. 654:space technology 620: 616: 611: 610: 607: 606: 603: 600: 597: 594: 590: 589: 586: 583: 579: 578: 575: 572: 569: 566: 559: 551: 546: 534: 506:Doctoral advisor 500: 468:Redstone Arsenal 459: 364: 299:Magnus von Braun 273:Magnus von Braun 251: 249: 216:for Nazi Germany 120: 90: 88: 65: 51: 50: 21: 14654: 14653: 14649: 14648: 14647: 14645: 14644: 14643: 14619:Space advocates 14399: 14398: 14397: 14392: 14360: 14260: 14251:Mission patches 14226:Pioneer plaques 14189:Mystic Mountain 14166:Family Portrait 14159:The Blue Marble 14143: 14137: 14111:Apollo missions 14052: 14004: 13993: 13960: 13765: 13759: 13596:Mercury-Atlas 6 13566: 13562: 13552: 13486: 13422:Mariner Mark II 13386: 13367:Commercial Crew 13345: 13268: 13256: 13240:Mission Control 13139:Astronaut Corps 13134:Chief Scientist 13112: 13017: 13001: 12996: 12966: 12953: 12941:Sean C. Solomon 12903: 12855:Daniel Kleppner 12847:Lonnie Thompson 12842:Ralph A. Alpher 12808:W. Jason Morgan 12795:Charles Keeling 12785:Marvin L. Cohen 12752: 12735:John N. Bahcall 12730:Don L. Anderson 12696:Peter Goldreich 12649:Steven Weinberg 12601: 12531:Walter Elsasser 12508:Herman Feshbach 12422: 12360:Samuel Goudsmit 12352:Chien-Shiung Wu 12291:Frederick Seitz 12258:John A. Wheeler 12243:Robert H. Dicke 12228: 12091:Luis W. Alvarez 12072: 12053: 12041:David Blackwell 11995: 11946:Carl R. de Boor 11917:Karen Uhlenbeck 11897: 11851:Louis Nirenberg 11786: 11759:Ralph E. Gomory 11697: 11693:Donald E. Knuth 11680:Hassler Whitney 11618: 11542: 11523: 11488: 11420:Andreas Acrivos 11397: 11385:Eli Ruckenstein 11364:Hermann A. Haus 11335:Calvin F. Quate 11322:Luna B. Leopold 11289: 11180: 11166:Robert N. Noyce 11156:Emmett N. Leith 11115:Manson Benedict 11097:Rudolf Kompfner 11061: 11015:Warren K. Lewis 10952: 10933: 10867: 10829:Peter B. Dervan 10800:John I. Brauman 10759: 10711:Norman Davidson 10638:John D. Roberts 10613: 10581:Konrad E. Bloch 10527:Richard N. Zare 10489: 10466: 10447: 10404:Sallie Chisholm 10386:Rudolf Jaenisch 10366: 10349:J. Craig Venter 10308:Rita R. Colwell 10175: 10161:David Baltimore 10052:Robert W. Kates 10024:David G. Nathan 10019:Edward B. Lewis 9989: 9985:Harland G. Wood 9980:Roger W. Sperry 9835:Glenn W. Burton 9807: 9783:Arthur Kornberg 9750:Roger Guillemin 9727:Hallowell Davis 9691:Daniel I. Arnon 9683:Albert B. Sabin 9663: 9636:Detlev W. Bronk 9608:Harry F. Harlow 9603:Kenneth S. Cole 9590:William C. Rose 9562:Francis P. Rous 9522: 9503: 9468: 9448:Gordon H. Bower 9409: 9405:Robert M. Solow 9321: 9317:Milton Friedman 9281: 9258: 9247: 9239: 9209: 9204: 9191: 9182:Risk management 9140: 9081:Harold Chestnut 9076:Kathleen Carley 9044: 9020:System dynamics 8995:Decision-making 8983: 8959:Fault tolerance 8942: 8901: 8830: 8825: 8795: 8790: 8780: 8771:Redstone Rocket 8737: 8698: 8674:Gravity Probe B 8647: 8561: 8548: 8472:Wayback Machine 8444: 8442: 8402: 8392: 8379: 8365: 8352: 8346: 8328: 8311: 8305: 8292: 8282: 8263: 8257: 8240: 8237: 8227: 8211: 8206: 8205: 8195: 8193: 8191: 8175: 8171: 8161: 8159: 8157: 8141: 8137: 8130: 8120:The Rocket Team 8113: 8104: 8093: 8089: 8079: 8077: 8065: 8061: 8051: 8049: 8037: 8033: 8024: 8023: 8019: 8009: 8007: 7996: 7995: 7988: 7978: 7976: 7965: 7961: 7951: 7949: 7940: 7939: 7935: 7925: 7923: 7910: 7909: 7905: 7895: 7893: 7883: 7879: 7869: 7867: 7855: 7851: 7841: 7839: 7838:on 21 June 2008 7824: 7820: 7810: 7808: 7798: 7797: 7793: 7776: 7772: 7762: 7760: 7752: 7751: 7747: 7737: 7735: 7725: 7721: 7711: 7709: 7704: 7703: 7699: 7689: 7687: 7679: 7678: 7674: 7664: 7662: 7653: 7652: 7648: 7638: 7636: 7635:on 6 March 2023 7632: 7621: 7617: 7616: 7612: 7602: 7600: 7595: 7594: 7590: 7580: 7578: 7570: 7569: 7565: 7555: 7553: 7545: 7544: 7540: 7530: 7528: 7520: 7519: 7515: 7504:"Hall of Famer" 7502: 7501: 7497: 7486: 7482: 7469: 7468: 7464: 7453:achievement.org 7447: 7446: 7442: 7432: 7430: 7422: 7418: 7417: 7413: 7404: 7400: 7391: 7389: 7388:on 4 March 2013 7385: 7378: 7372: 7371: 7367: 7353: 7352: 7348: 7338: 7336: 7328: 7327: 7323: 7313: 7311: 7307: 7306: 7302: 7292: 7290: 7279: 7275: 7265: 7263: 7252: 7248: 7241: 7227: 7223: 7213: 7211: 7198: 7197: 7193: 7180: 7179: 7175: 7162: 7161: 7157: 7147: 7146: 7142: 7134: 7130: 7120: 7118: 7108: 7104: 7096: 7089: 7079: 7077: 7063: 7059: 7051: 7047: 7037: 7035: 7025: 7021: 7011: 7009: 7001: 7000: 6996: 6991:. 13 July 1999. 6983: 6982: 6978: 6970: 6962: 6958: 6951: 6937: 6933: 6920: 6919: 6915: 6909: 6905: 6897: 6890: 6880: 6878: 6866: 6862: 6839: 6837: 6822: 6821: 6817: 6808: 6804: 6796: 6785: 6779: 6775: 6767: 6763: 6757:Popular Science 6754: 6750: 6741: 6737: 6727: 6725: 6715: 6711: 6699: 6695: 6694: 6690: 6682: 6678: 6670: 6666: 6661:. SP-2000-4408. 6643: 6629: 6625: 6606: 6602: 6592: 6590: 6581: 6580: 6576: 6567: 6566: 6562: 6558:2006; 22:52–62. 6550: 6546: 6530: 6526: 6510: 6509: 6502: 6500: 6491: 6487: 6466: 6462: 6453: 6449: 6438: 6434: 6425: 6421: 6411: 6409: 6400: 6399: 6395: 6390: 6386: 6368: 6364: 6352:Wayback Machine 6342: 6338: 6323: 6316: 6307: 6303: 6285: 6281: 6263: 6259: 6249: 6247: 6236: 6232: 6216: 6212: 6202: 6200: 6198: 6182: 6178: 6168: 6166: 6162: 6155: 6147: 6146: 6142: 6132: 6130: 6128: 6112: 6108: 6089: 6082: 6072: 6070: 6061: 6060: 6056: 6046: 6044: 6034: 6030: 6020: 6018: 6009: 6005: 5988: 5987: 5983: 5970: 5966: 5947: 5943: 5932: 5930: 5926: 5916: 5914: 5906: 5905: 5901: 5883: 5864: 5857: 5843: 5839: 5829: 5827: 5812: 5808: 5791: 5790: 5786: 5776: 5774: 5766: 5765: 5761: 5742: 5738: 5728: 5726: 5716: 5712: 5705: 5691: 5687: 5682: 5678: 5667: 5663: 5658: 5654: 5647: 5627: 5623: 5609: 5608: 5604: 5594: 5592: 5590: 5574: 5570: 5551: 5547: 5540: 5519: 5510: 5500: 5498: 5489: 5488: 5481: 5474: 5460: 5456: 5445: 5441: 5431: 5429: 5427: 5411: 5407: 5390: 5389: 5385: 5375: 5373: 5371: 5357: 5356: 5352: 5345: 5331: 5327: 5308: 5304: 5294: 5292: 5290: 5274: 5270: 5254: 5250: 5232: 5228: 5221: 5205: 5198: 5177: 5173: 5168:on 26 May 2002. 5156: 5155: 5151: 5141: 5139: 5132: 5128: 5121: 5107: 5094: 5084: 5082: 5075: 5053: 5049: 5035: 5028: 5021: 5007: 5003: 4993: 4991: 4978: 4977: 4973: 4956: 4952: 4942: 4940: 4938: 4922: 4918: 4908: 4906: 4899: 4892: 4882: 4880: 4873:Popular Science 4867: 4866: 4862: 4842: 4838: 4830: 4823: 4813: 4811: 4802: 4801: 4797: 4787: 4785: 4783: 4767: 4763: 4754: 4750: 4737: 4736: 4729: 4719: 4717: 4708: 4704: 4691: 4690: 4686: 4676: 4660: 4653: 4643: 4641: 4639: 4623: 4619: 4610: 4609: 4605: 4598: 4584: 4580: 4570: 4568: 4550:10.2307/1433245 4530: 4526: 4516: 4514: 4505: 4504: 4485: 4476: 4469: 4460: 4456: 4441: 4437: 4430: 4411: 4374: 4359: 4351:. p. 416. 4336: 4332: 4322: 4320: 4309: 4305: 4287:Jacques Piccard 4284: 4280: 4263: 4262: 4253: 4243: 4241: 4240:. Biography.com 4236: 4235: 4231: 4209: 4205: 4195: 4193: 4192:. 19 March 2024 4184: 4183: 4179: 4169: 4167: 4165: 4157:. W.W. Norton. 4149: 4145: 4126: 4122: 4115: 4099: 4084: 4075: 4071: 4056: 4049: 4041: 4037: 4027: 4025: 4024:on 19 July 2011 4012: 4011: 4007: 4000: 3981: 3977: 3967: 3965: 3960: 3959: 3955: 3945: 3943: 3930: 3929: 3925: 3910:10.2307/1433245 3890: 3886: 3881:. 18 July 2019. 3873: 3872: 3865: 3848: 3847: 3843: 3833: 3831: 3826: 3825: 3821: 3811: 3809: 3794: 3785: 3775: 3773: 3764:(20 May 2019). 3759: 3744: 3729: 3722: 3715: 3698: 3679: 3667: 3663: 3662: 3653: 3652: 3642: 3640: 3631: 3630: 3626: 3621: 3614: 3608: 3604: 3599: 3556: 3551: 3549: 3542: 3535: 3528: 3523: 3521: 3518: 3507: 3494: 3462: 3445: 3431: 3405: 3386: 3378: 3353: 3350: 3348:Published works 3165:The Good German 3159:In literature: 3073:For All Mankind 3033:American Genius 2986:Richard Dillane 2942:Norbert Weisser 2869:Mars and Beyond 2844: 2833: 2827: 2824: 2781: 2779: 2769: 2757: 2746: 2741: 2679: 2669:Sturmbannführer 2651:Obersturmführer 2605: 2592: 2581:, is named the 2544:Soviet rocketry 2540:Helmut Gröttrup 2518:, Alabama Gov. 2504: 2468: 2436:Maria von Braun 2430: 2394:Brooklyn Bridge 2362: 2316: 2283:Von Braun with 2222:to carry heavy 2162:Vanguard rocket 2150: 2144:in Washington. 2137:orbit-to-ground 2128: 2063: 2035:escape velocity 1910:Herman Potočnik 1845: 1813:Redstone rocket 1759:Albert Einstein 1702: 1697: 1695:American career 1550: 1506:Helmut Gröttrup 1482: 1420: 1399:Hellmuth Walter 1348: 1326: 1301:Operation Hydra 1262: 1254: 1181:, in March 1941 1135: 1126:Sturmbannführer 1095:Reichsführer-SS 1068: 1049:Charlie Chaplin 1041:totalitarianism 997: 982:, who utilized 978:Von Braun with 972: 944:Auguste Piccard 940: 769:Weimar Republic 742: 632:space architect 625:German-American 618: 614: 591: 580: 563: 554: 553: 544: 498: 482: 417: 412:War Merit Cross 391:Sturmbannführer 348:Military career 339: 304: 281: 253: 250: 1947) 245: 241: 238: 221:Political party 195:Rocket engineer 186: 128: 122: 118: 109: 92: 86: 84: 83: 82: 68: 56: 47: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 14652: 14642: 14641: 14636: 14631: 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13998: 13995: 13994: 13992: 13991: 13986: 13983:Europa Clipper 13979: 13974: 13968: 13966: 13962: 13961: 13959: 13958: 13953: 13952: 13951: 13941: 13940: 13939: 13934: 13921: 13916: 13911: 13906: 13901: 13896: 13889: 13882: 13877: 13876: 13875: 13865: 13858: 13853: 13848: 13843: 13838: 13833: 13832: 13831: 13818: 13813: 13808: 13801: 13796: 13791: 13784: 13777: 13769: 13767: 13761: 13760: 13758: 13757: 13756: 13755: 13742: 13735: 13730: 13729: 13728: 13723: 13710: 13705: 13698: 13691: 13686: 13679: 13674: 13666: 13658: 13653: 13648: 13643: 13638: 13633: 13632: 13631: 13619: 13612: 13605: 13598: 13593: 13588: 13583: 13577: 13575: 13568: 13558: 13557: 13554: 13553: 13551: 13550: 13545: 13540: 13535: 13530: 13525: 13520: 13515: 13510: 13505: 13500: 13494: 13492: 13488: 13487: 13485: 13484: 13479: 13474: 13469: 13464: 13459: 13454: 13449: 13444: 13439: 13437:New Millennium 13434: 13429: 13424: 13419: 13414: 13408: 13406: 13399: 13392: 13391: 13388: 13387: 13385: 13384: 13379: 13374: 13369: 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Lamb 12764: 12760: 12758: 12754: 12753: 12751: 12750: 12745: 12740: 12737: 12732: 12727: 12724: 12719: 12714: 12709: 12706: 12701: 12698: 12693: 12688: 12685: 12680: 12675: 12672: 12667: 12662: 12659: 12654: 12651: 12646: 12641: 12636: 12633: 12628: 12623: 12618: 12613: 12609: 12607: 12603: 12602: 12600: 12599: 12594: 12589: 12584: 12579: 12576: 12571: 12566: 12561: 12556: 12551: 12548: 12543: 12538: 12533: 12528: 12526:Philip Abelson 12523: 12520: 12518:Chen-Ning Yang 12515: 12510: 12505: 12500: 12495: 12492: 12487: 12485:Bruno B. Rossi 12482: 12477: 12472: 12467: 12462: 12457: 12454: 12449: 12444: 12442:Yoichiro Nambu 12439: 12434: 12430: 12428: 12424: 12423: 12421: 12420: 12415: 12410: 12405: 12400: 12395: 12390: 12387: 12382: 12377: 12372: 12367: 12362: 12357: 12354: 12349: 12344: 12339: 12334: 12329: 12326: 12321: 12316: 12311: 12306: 12301: 12298: 12293: 12288: 12283: 12278: 12273: 12268: 12265: 12260: 12255: 12253:John C. Slater 12250: 12245: 12240: 12236: 12234: 12230: 12229: 12227: 12226: 12221: 12216: 12213: 12208: 12203: 12198: 12193: 12190: 12185: 12180: 12175: 12170: 12165: 12162: 12157: 12152: 12147: 12142: 12140:Jacob Bjerknes 12137: 12134: 12129: 12124: 12119: 12114: 12111: 12106: 12101: 12096: 12093: 12088: 12084: 12082: 12074: 12073: 12063: 12062: 12059: 12058: 12055: 12054: 12052: 12051: 12046: 12043: 12038: 12033: 12030: 12025: 12020: 12017: 12012: 12007: 12003: 12001: 11997: 11996: 11994: 11993: 11988: 11985: 11980: 11975: 11972: 11967: 11964: 11959: 11956: 11951: 11948: 11943: 11940: 11938:James G. Glimm 11935: 11932: 11930:Elias M. Stein 11927: 11922: 11919: 11914: 11909: 11905: 11903: 11899: 11898: 11896: 11895: 11890: 11885: 11882: 11877: 11874: 11872:Shing-Tung Yau 11869: 11866: 11861: 11856: 11853: 11848: 11845: 11840: 11837: 11832: 11829: 11824: 11821: 11816: 11813: 11808: 11803: 11798: 11794: 11792: 11788: 11787: 11785: 11784: 11779: 11774: 11769: 11766: 11761: 11756: 11753: 11748: 11743: 11740: 11738:Antoni Zygmund 11735: 11730: 11727: 11725:Isadore Singer 11722: 11717: 11714: 11709: 11705: 11703: 11699: 11698: 11696: 11695: 11690: 11688:Joseph L. Doob 11685: 11682: 11677: 11672: 11669: 11667:George Dantzig 11664: 11659: 11657:John W. Backus 11654: 11651: 11646: 11643: 11638: 11635: 11633:Richard Brauer 11630: 11626: 11624: 11620: 11619: 11617: 11616: 11614:William Feller 11611: 11608: 11603: 11600: 11595: 11592: 11587: 11584: 11579: 11576: 11571: 11566: 11563: 11561:Norbert Wiener 11558: 11554: 11552: 11544: 11543: 11533: 11532: 11529: 11528: 11525: 11524: 11522: 11521: 11519:Thomas Kailath 11516: 11513: 11508: 11505: 11500: 11496: 11494: 11490: 11489: 11487: 11486: 11481: 11478: 11473: 11470: 11465: 11462: 11457: 11454: 11449: 11446: 11441: 11438: 11433: 11430: 11425: 11422: 11417: 11414: 11409: 11405: 11403: 11399: 11398: 11396: 11395: 11390: 11387: 11382: 11379: 11374: 11369: 11366: 11361: 11358: 11353: 11350: 11345: 11342: 11337: 11332: 11329: 11324: 11319: 11314: 11311: 11306: 11301: 11297: 11295: 11291: 11290: 11288: 11287: 11282: 11277: 11274: 11269: 11264: 11259: 11256: 11251: 11249:H. Bolton Seed 11246: 11241: 11238: 11233: 11228: 11223: 11220: 11215: 11210: 11205: 11202: 11200:Donald L. Katz 11197: 11192: 11188: 11186: 11182: 11181: 11179: 11178: 11173: 11171:Earl R. Parker 11168: 11163: 11158: 11153: 11150: 11145: 11140: 11135: 11132: 11127: 11122: 11117: 11112: 11109: 11104: 11099: 11094: 11091: 11086: 11081: 11078: 11073: 11069: 11067: 11063: 11062: 11060: 11059: 11054: 11051: 11046: 11041: 11038: 11033: 11028: 11025: 11020: 11017: 11012: 11007: 11005:Hugh L. Dryden 11002: 10999: 10994: 10989: 10986: 10981: 10976: 10973: 10968: 10964: 10962: 10954: 10953: 10943: 10942: 10939: 10938: 10935: 10934: 10932: 10931: 10926: 10923: 10918: 10915: 10910: 10905: 10902: 10897: 10892: 10889: 10887:Peter J. Stang 10884: 10879: 10875: 10873: 10869: 10868: 10866: 10865: 10863:Marye Anne Fox 10860: 10855: 10852: 10847: 10842: 10839: 10834: 10831: 10826: 10821: 10818: 10816:Tobin J. Marks 10813: 10810: 10805: 10802: 10797: 10794: 10789: 10784: 10781: 10776: 10771: 10767: 10765: 10761: 10760: 10758: 10757: 10752: 10747: 10745:Stuart A. Rice 10742: 10739: 10734: 10729: 10726: 10721: 10716: 10713: 10708: 10705: 10700: 10695: 10692: 10687: 10684: 10679: 10677:Donald J. Cram 10674: 10671: 10666: 10663: 10658: 10653: 10648: 10646:Ronald Breslow 10643: 10640: 10635: 10630: 10625: 10621: 10619: 10615: 10614: 10612: 10611: 10606: 10601: 10596: 10591: 10588: 10586:Elias J. Corey 10583: 10578: 10573: 10570: 10565: 10560: 10555: 10552: 10547: 10545:Carl S. Marvel 10542: 10537: 10532: 10529: 10524: 10519: 10517:Roald Hoffmann 10514: 10511: 10506: 10501: 10497: 10495: 10491: 10490: 10488: 10487: 10482: 10478: 10476: 10468: 10467: 10457: 10456: 10453: 10452: 10449: 10448: 10446: 10445: 10440: 10435: 10433:Stanley Falkow 10430: 10427: 10425:Rakesh K. Jain 10422: 10419: 10414: 10409: 10406: 10401: 10396: 10391: 10388: 10383: 10378: 10374: 10372: 10368: 10367: 10365: 10364: 10359: 10354: 10351: 10346: 10341: 10336: 10333: 10328: 10323: 10320: 10315: 10310: 10305: 10302: 10297: 10292: 10289: 10284: 10279: 10274: 10271: 10266: 10261: 10256: 10253: 10248: 10243: 10240: 10235: 10230: 10228:Gene E. Likens 10225: 10220: 10215: 10213:George F. Bass 10210: 10205: 10202: 10197: 10195:Peter H. Raven 10192: 10187: 10183: 10181: 10177: 10176: 10174: 10173: 10168: 10163: 10158: 10155: 10150: 10145: 10142: 10137: 10132: 10129: 10124: 10121: 10119:Alexander Rich 10116: 10113: 10108: 10103: 10100: 10095: 10093:Daniel Nathans 10090: 10087: 10082: 10077: 10074: 10069: 10067:Folke K. Skoog 10064: 10059: 10057:Salvador Luria 10054: 10049: 10047:Elvin A. Kabat 10044: 10039: 10034: 10031: 10026: 10021: 10016: 10011: 10006: 10001: 9997: 9995: 9991: 9990: 9988: 9987: 9982: 9977: 9972: 9967: 9962: 9960:Katherine Esau 9957: 9954: 9949: 9947:Eric R. Kandel 9944: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9924: 9921: 9916: 9911: 9906: 9901: 9896: 9893: 9891:Joan A. Steitz 9888: 9883: 9878: 9873: 9868: 9865: 9863:Berta Scharrer 9860: 9855: 9850: 9845: 9842: 9837: 9832: 9830:Seymour Benzer 9827: 9824: 9822:Philip Handler 9819: 9815: 9813: 9809: 9808: 9806: 9805: 9800: 9795: 9790: 9785: 9780: 9775: 9770: 9767: 9762: 9757: 9752: 9747: 9744: 9739: 9734: 9729: 9724: 9721: 9716: 9711: 9709:Erwin Chargaff 9706: 9704:Britton Chance 9701: 9698: 9693: 9688: 9685: 9680: 9675: 9671: 9669: 9665: 9664: 9662: 9661: 9656: 9654:Robert Huebner 9651: 9648: 9643: 9638: 9633: 9628: 9623: 9620: 9615: 9610: 9605: 9600: 9597: 9592: 9587: 9582: 9577: 9574: 9569: 9564: 9559: 9556: 9551: 9546: 9543: 9541:C. B. van Niel 9538: 9534: 9532: 9524: 9523: 9513: 9512: 9509: 9508: 9505: 9504: 9502: 9501: 9499:Albert Bandura 9496: 9493: 9491:Robert Axelrod 9488: 9485: 9480: 9476: 9474: 9470: 9469: 9467: 9466: 9461: 9458: 9453: 9450: 9445: 9442: 9437: 9434: 9432:R. Duncan Luce 9429: 9426: 9421: 9417: 9415: 9411: 9410: 9408: 9407: 9402: 9399: 9394: 9391: 9386: 9383: 9381:Paul Samuelson 9378: 9375: 9370: 9367: 9362: 9359: 9354: 9351: 9346: 9343: 9341:Patrick Suppes 9338: 9336:Leonid Hurwicz 9333: 9329: 9327: 9323: 9322: 9320: 9319: 9314: 9311: 9306: 9301: 9298: 9293: 9289: 9287: 9283: 9282: 9280: 9279: 9274: 9270: 9268: 9260: 9259: 9249: 9248: 9238: 9237: 9230: 9223: 9215: 9206: 9205: 9203: 9202: 9196: 9193: 9192: 9190: 9189: 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9164: 9159: 9154: 9148: 9146: 9145:Related fields 9142: 9141: 9139: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9123: 9118: 9113: 9111:Radhika Nagpal 9108: 9103: 9101:Derek Hitchins 9098: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9073: 9068: 9063: 9058: 9056:James S. Albus 9052: 9050: 9046: 9045: 9043: 9042: 9037: 9032: 9027: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8997: 8991: 8989: 8985: 8984: 8982: 8981: 8976: 8971: 8966: 8961: 8956: 8950: 8948: 8944: 8943: 8941: 8940: 8935: 8930: 8925: 8920: 8915: 8909: 8907: 8903: 8902: 8900: 8899: 8894: 8889: 8884: 8879: 8874: 8869: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8849: 8844: 8838: 8836: 8832: 8831: 8824: 8823: 8816: 8809: 8801: 8792: 8791: 8785: 8782: 8781: 8779: 8778: 8773: 8768: 8763: 8758: 8757: 8756: 8745: 8743: 8739: 8738: 8736: 8735: 8730: 8725: 8720: 8715: 8709: 8707: 8700: 8699: 8697: 8696: 8691: 8686: 8681: 8676: 8671: 8666: 8661: 8655: 8653: 8649: 8648: 8646: 8645: 8640: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8605: 8600: 8595: 8590: 8585: 8580: 8575: 8569: 8567: 8563: 8562: 8547: 8546: 8539: 8532: 8524: 8518: 8517: 8511: 8506: 8497: 8491: 8485: 8479: 8474: 8462: 8456: 8451: 8426: 8421: 8415: 8409: 8401: 8400:External links 8398: 8397: 8396: 8391:978-0195329667 8390: 8377: 8364:978-0521882705 8363: 8350: 8345:978-0029228951 8344: 8326: 8309: 8304:978-0962813412 8303: 8290: 8281:978-0160589928 8280: 8261: 8256:978-0813026916 8255: 8236: 8233: 8232: 8231: 8226:978-1977927910 8225: 8210: 8207: 8204: 8203: 8190:978-1894959643 8189: 8169: 8156:978-0973820331 8155: 8135: 8129:978-1894959001 8128: 8102: 8087: 8059: 8031: 8017: 8006:. 1 March 2003 7986: 7959: 7933: 7903: 7877: 7849: 7818: 7791: 7770: 7745: 7733:kontinente.org 7719: 7697: 7672: 7659:Kidlat Tahimik 7646: 7610: 7588: 7563: 7538: 7513: 7495: 7480: 7462: 7440: 7411: 7398: 7365: 7346: 7321: 7300: 7273: 7246: 7240:978-1931741491 7239: 7221: 7191: 7173: 7155: 7140: 7128: 7102: 7087: 7057: 7045: 7019: 6994: 6976: 6956: 6950:978-0813122458 6949: 6931: 6913: 6903: 6888: 6860: 6815: 6802: 6773: 6761: 6748: 6735: 6709: 6688: 6676: 6664: 6642:978-1780393018 6641: 6623: 6600: 6574: 6560: 6544: 6524: 6485: 6460: 6447: 6432: 6419: 6393: 6384: 6381:978-1421407883 6362: 6336: 6331:The New Yorker 6314: 6301: 6298:978-0030302954 6279: 6276:978-0757302312 6257: 6230: 6227:978-0973820331 6210: 6197:978-0917680014 6196: 6176: 6140: 6127:978-0598825162 6126: 6106: 6080: 6054: 6028: 6003: 5981: 5964: 5941: 5924: 5899: 5896:978-0805081473 5862: 5855: 5837: 5806: 5784: 5759: 5736: 5710: 5704:978-3776620924 5703: 5685: 5676: 5661: 5652: 5646:978-0465028870 5645: 5621: 5602: 5589:978-0160589928 5588: 5568: 5545: 5539:978-0007212996 5538: 5508: 5479: 5473:978-1842127353 5472: 5454: 5439: 5426:978-0788181863 5425: 5405: 5383: 5370:978-0912799032 5369: 5350: 5344:978-1566635110 5343: 5325: 5302: 5289:978-0894648427 5288: 5268: 5265:978-3922131946 5248: 5226: 5220:978-0393072648 5219: 5196: 5171: 5149: 5138:. V2rocket.com 5134:Tracy Dungan. 5126: 5120:978-1844158188 5119: 5092: 5073: 5047: 5026: 5020:978-0672527593 5019: 5001: 4971: 4950: 4937:978-1612514048 4936: 4916: 4890: 4860: 4836: 4821: 4795: 4782:978-0917680014 4781: 4761: 4748: 4727: 4702: 4684: 4675:978-1591149262 4674: 4651: 4638:978-1588344670 4637: 4617: 4603: 4597:978-1591149279 4596: 4578: 4524: 4483: 4467: 4454: 4435: 4429:978-0307262929 4428: 4372: 4358:978-0333692851 4357: 4339:Davies, Norman 4330: 4319:on 26 May 2011 4303: 4299:978-3423346160 4278: 4251: 4229: 4203: 4177: 4164:978-0393059106 4163: 4143: 4132:Hermann Oberth 4120: 4114:978-1591149262 4113: 4082: 4069: 4062:. p. 1A. 4047: 4035: 4005: 3999:978-1136593345 3998: 3975: 3953: 3923: 3884: 3863: 3841: 3819: 3783: 3742: 3720: 3713: 3677: 3624: 3612: 3601: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3594: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3578: 3573: 3568: 3562: 3561: 3547: 3544:Physics portal 3533: 3517: 3514: 3513: 3512: 3506:978-1894959643 3505: 3492: 3480: 3474: 3468: 3467: 3466: 3461:978-0061818981 3460: 3437: 3429: 3415: 3409:, ed. (1967). 3403: 3395: 3384: 3376: 3375: 3374: 3357:. 6 July 1939. 3349: 3346: 3345: 3344: 3335: 3331:System Shock 2 3328:A starship in 3322: 3321: 3303: 3278: 3258: 3257: 3239: 3238: 3226: 3223:Michael Chabon 3214: 3213:and von Braun. 3190: 3181: 3178:James Michener 3169: 3157: 3156: 3149: 3136: 3119: 3118: 3115:Mads Mikkelsen 3106: 3094: 3093: 3081: 3069: 3057: 3041: 3029: 2995: 2989: 2969: 2953: 2945: 2933: 2925: 2917:Frozen Flashes 2913: 2910: 2878: 2846: 2845: 2760: 2758: 2751: 2745: 2742: 2740: 2739: 2733: 2727: 2720: 2713: 2707: 2701: 2694: 2688: 2680: 2678: 2675: 2674: 2673: 2664: 2655: 2646: 2629: 2628: 2617: 2604: 2601: 2600: 2599: 2596: 2591: 2588: 2587: 2586: 2575: 2559: 2556:Arthur Rudolph 2548: 2536: 2528:Apollo program 2503: 2500: 2485:Gerald R. Ford 2467: 2464: 2457:Margrit Cécile 2429: 2426: 2417:George Wallace 2390:Krafft Ehricke 2382:safety factors 2375:Sergei Korolev 2361: 2358: 2315: 2312: 2228:Apollo program 2220:Saturn rockets 2193:4 inch mission 2177:Johnston Atoll 2149: 2146: 2127: 2124: 2062: 2059: 2051:weightlessness 2007:Disney studios 1869:Sputnik crisis 1844: 1841: 1782:Hermes project 1701: 1698: 1696: 1693: 1549: 1546: 1523:Through Major 1481: 1478: 1449:Mittelbau-Dora 1440:Arthur Rudolph 1419: 1416: 1358:and later two 1347: 1344: 1243: 1190:, arranged an 1134: 1131: 1067: 1061: 996: 993: 971: 968: 939: 936: 888:Fritz von Opel 862:Hermann Oberth 828:Paul Hindemith 741: 738: 648:technology in 536: 535: 527: 526: 522: 521: 518: 517: 514: 513: 511:Erich Schumann 508: 502: 501: 490: 484: 483: 481: 480: 475: 470: 465: 460: 450: 448: 444: 443: 438: 434: 433: 427: 426: 423: 422: 419: 418: 416: 415: 409: 402: 400: 396: 395: 386: 382: 381: 378: 374: 373: 366: 360: 359: 354: 350: 349: 345: 344: 341: 340: 338: 337: 331: 325: 319: 312: 310: 306: 305: 303: 302: 296: 289: 287: 283: 282: 280: 279: 276: 269: 267: 263: 262: 259: 255: 254: 243: 239: 236: 235: 233: 229: 228: 222: 218: 217: 203: 202:Known for 199: 198: 192: 188: 187: 185: 184: 174: 167: 165: 161: 160: 157: 153: 152: 149: 145: 144: 134: 130: 129: 123: 121:(aged 65) 115: 111: 110: 93: 76: 74: 70: 69: 66: 58: 57: 54: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 14651: 14640: 14637: 14635: 14632: 14630: 14627: 14625: 14622: 14620: 14617: 14615: 14612: 14610: 14607: 14605: 14602: 14600: 14597: 14595: 14592: 14590: 14587: 14585: 14582: 14580: 14577: 14575: 14572: 14570: 14567: 14565: 14562: 14560: 14557: 14555: 14552: 14550: 14547: 14545: 14542: 14540: 14537: 14535: 14532: 14530: 14527: 14525: 14522: 14520: 14517: 14515: 14512: 14510: 14507: 14505: 14502: 14500: 14497: 14495: 14492: 14490: 14487: 14485: 14484:German barons 14482: 14480: 14477: 14475: 14472: 14470: 14467: 14465: 14462: 14460: 14457: 14455: 14452: 14450: 14447: 14445: 14442: 14440: 14437: 14435: 14432: 14430: 14427: 14425: 14422: 14420: 14417: 14415: 14412: 14410: 14407: 14406: 14404: 14389: 14388: 14379: 14377: 14376: 14367: 14366: 14363: 14357: 14356:Nikon NASA F4 14354: 14352: 14349: 14347: 14344: 14342: 14339: 14337: 14334: 14332: 14329: 14327: 14324: 14322: 14319: 14317: 14314: 14310: 14307: 14305: 14302: 14301: 14300: 14297: 14295: 14292: 14290: 14287: 14285: 14282: 14280: 14277: 14274: 14270: 14269: 14267: 14263: 14257: 14254: 14252: 14249: 14247: 14244: 14242: 14241:NASA insignia 14239: 14237: 14234: 14232: 14229: 14227: 14224: 14222: 14221:Lunar plaques 14219: 14217: 14214: 14212: 14211: 14207: 14205: 14204: 14200: 14198: 14197: 14193: 14191: 14190: 14186: 14184: 14183: 14179: 14175: 14174: 14173:Pale Blue Dot 14170: 14169: 14168: 14167: 14163: 14161: 14160: 14156: 14154: 14153: 14149: 14148: 14146: 14140: 14134: 14131: 14129: 14126: 14124: 14121: 14117: 14114: 14112: 14109: 14107: 14104: 14103: 14102: 14101:NASA missions 14099: 14097: 14096:NASA aircraft 14094: 14090: 14087: 14085: 14082: 14080: 14077: 14075: 14072: 14070: 14067: 14066: 14065: 14062: 14061: 14059: 14055: 14049: 14046: 14043: 14040: 14038: 14035: 14033: 14030: 14028: 14024: 14021: 14019: 14018:Space Network 14016: 14014: 14011: 14010: 14008: 14006: 14000: 13990: 13987: 13985: 13984: 13980: 13978: 13975: 13973: 13970: 13969: 13967: 13963: 13957: 13954: 13950: 13947: 13946: 13945: 13942: 13938: 13935: 13933: 13931: 13927: 13926: 13925: 13922: 13920: 13917: 13915: 13912: 13910: 13907: 13905: 13902: 13900: 13897: 13895: 13894: 13890: 13888: 13887: 13883: 13881: 13878: 13874: 13871: 13870: 13869: 13866: 13864: 13863: 13859: 13857: 13854: 13852: 13849: 13847: 13844: 13842: 13839: 13837: 13834: 13830: 13827: 13826: 13825: 13823: 13819: 13817: 13814: 13812: 13809: 13807: 13806: 13802: 13800: 13797: 13795: 13792: 13790: 13789: 13785: 13783: 13782: 13778: 13776: 13775: 13771: 13770: 13768: 13762: 13754: 13751: 13750: 13749: 13747: 13743: 13741: 13740: 13736: 13734: 13731: 13727: 13724: 13722: 13719: 13718: 13717: 13715: 13711: 13709: 13706: 13704: 13703: 13699: 13697: 13696: 13692: 13690: 13687: 13685: 13684: 13680: 13678: 13675: 13673: 13671: 13667: 13665: 13663: 13659: 13657: 13654: 13652: 13651:Space Shuttle 13649: 13647: 13644: 13642: 13639: 13637: 13634: 13630: 13627: 13626: 13625: 13624: 13620: 13618: 13617: 13613: 13611: 13610: 13606: 13604: 13603: 13599: 13597: 13594: 13592: 13589: 13587: 13584: 13582: 13579: 13578: 13576: 13572: 13569: 13565: 13559: 13549: 13546: 13544: 13541: 13539: 13536: 13534: 13533:New Frontiers 13531: 13529: 13526: 13524: 13521: 13519: 13516: 13514: 13511: 13509: 13506: 13504: 13501: 13499: 13496: 13495: 13493: 13489: 13483: 13480: 13478: 13475: 13473: 13470: 13468: 13465: 13463: 13460: 13458: 13455: 13453: 13450: 13448: 13445: 13443: 13442:Lunar Orbiter 13440: 13438: 13435: 13433: 13430: 13428: 13425: 13423: 13420: 13418: 13415: 13413: 13410: 13409: 13407: 13403: 13400: 13397: 13393: 13383: 13382:Lunar Gateway 13380: 13378: 13375: 13373: 13370: 13368: 13365: 13363: 13360: 13358: 13355: 13354: 13352: 13348: 13342: 13341:Constellation 13339: 13336: 13332: 13331: 13326: 13324: 13323:Space Shuttle 13321: 13318: 13314: 13311: 13309: 13306: 13304: 13301: 13299: 13296: 13294: 13291: 13288: 13284: 13281: 13280: 13278: 13274: 13271: 13267: 13263: 13253: 13250: 13246: 13243: 13241: 13238: 13237: 13236: 13233: 13229: 13226: 13224: 13221: 13219: 13216: 13214: 13211: 13209: 13206: 13205: 13204: 13201: 13199: 13196: 13194: 13191: 13189: 13186: 13184: 13181: 13179: 13176: 13174: 13171: 13167: 13164: 13163: 13162: 13161:NASA research 13159: 13157: 13154: 13150: 13147: 13145: 13142: 13141: 13140: 13137: 13135: 13132: 13130: 13127: 13125: 13122: 13121: 13119: 13115: 13108: 13105: 13102: 13099: 13096: 13093: 13090: 13087: 13084: 13081: 13078: 13075: 13072: 13069: 13066: 13063: 13060: 13057: 13054: 13051: 13048: 13045: 13042: 13039: 13036: 13033: 13030: 13027: 13026: 13024: 13021: 13014: 13011: 13008: 13004: 13000: 12993: 12988: 12986: 12981: 12979: 12974: 12973: 12970: 12950: 12947: 12944: 12942: 12939: 12937: 12934: 12931: 12929: 12926: 12924: 12921: 12919: 12916: 12913: 12912: 12910: 12906: 12900: 12897: 12895: 12892: 12890: 12887: 12884: 12882: 12881:James E. Gunn 12879: 12877: 12874: 12871: 12869: 12866: 12864: 12861: 12858: 12856: 12853: 12850: 12848: 12845: 12843: 12840: 12837: 12835: 12832: 12829: 12827: 12824: 12822: 12819: 12816: 12814: 12813:Edward Witten 12811: 12809: 12806: 12804: 12801: 12798: 12796: 12793: 12791: 12788: 12786: 12783: 12780: 12778: 12775: 12773: 12770: 12768: 12765: 12762: 12761: 12759: 12755: 12749: 12746: 12744: 12741: 12738: 12736: 12733: 12731: 12728: 12725: 12723: 12720: 12718: 12715: 12713: 12710: 12707: 12705: 12702: 12699: 12697: 12694: 12692: 12689: 12686: 12684: 12681: 12679: 12676: 12673: 12671: 12668: 12666: 12663: 12660: 12658: 12655: 12652: 12650: 12647: 12645: 12642: 12640: 12637: 12634: 12632: 12631:Roger Revelle 12629: 12627: 12624: 12622: 12619: 12617: 12614: 12611: 12610: 12608: 12604: 12598: 12597:Henry Stommel 12595: 12593: 12590: 12588: 12587:Eugene Parker 12585: 12583: 12580: 12577: 12575: 12572: 12570: 12567: 12565: 12562: 12560: 12557: 12555: 12552: 12549: 12547: 12544: 12542: 12539: 12537: 12534: 12532: 12529: 12527: 12524: 12521: 12519: 12516: 12514: 12511: 12509: 12506: 12504: 12501: 12499: 12496: 12493: 12491: 12488: 12486: 12483: 12481: 12478: 12476: 12473: 12471: 12468: 12466: 12463: 12461: 12458: 12455: 12453: 12450: 12448: 12447:Edward Teller 12445: 12443: 12440: 12438: 12435: 12432: 12431: 12429: 12425: 12419: 12416: 12414: 12413:Lyman Spitzer 12411: 12409: 12406: 12404: 12401: 12399: 12396: 12394: 12391: 12388: 12386: 12383: 12381: 12378: 12376: 12373: 12371: 12368: 12366: 12363: 12361: 12358: 12355: 12353: 12350: 12348: 12345: 12343: 12340: 12338: 12335: 12333: 12332:Hans A. Bethe 12330: 12327: 12325: 12322: 12320: 12317: 12315: 12312: 12310: 12307: 12305: 12302: 12299: 12297: 12294: 12292: 12289: 12287: 12284: 12282: 12279: 12277: 12276:Maurice Ewing 12274: 12272: 12271:Carl Djerassi 12269: 12266: 12264: 12263:Saul Winstein 12261: 12259: 12256: 12254: 12251: 12249: 12246: 12244: 12241: 12238: 12237: 12235: 12231: 12225: 12222: 12220: 12217: 12214: 12212: 12211:Eugene Wigner 12209: 12207: 12204: 12202: 12199: 12197: 12196:Paul Bartlett 12194: 12191: 12189: 12186: 12184: 12183:Louis Hammett 12181: 12179: 12178:Gregory Breit 12176: 12174: 12173:Francis Birch 12171: 12169: 12166: 12163: 12161: 12158: 12156: 12153: 12151: 12148: 12146: 12143: 12141: 12138: 12135: 12133: 12132:William Rubey 12130: 12128: 12125: 12123: 12120: 12118: 12115: 12112: 12110: 12107: 12105: 12102: 12100: 12097: 12094: 12092: 12089: 12086: 12085: 12083: 12079: 12075: 12068: 12064: 12050: 12049:Michael Artin 12047: 12044: 12042: 12039: 12037: 12034: 12031: 12029: 12026: 12024: 12021: 12018: 12016: 12013: 12011: 12008: 12005: 12004: 12002: 11998: 11992: 11989: 11986: 11984: 11981: 11979: 11976: 11973: 11971: 11968: 11965: 11963: 11962:Bradley Efron 11960: 11957: 11955: 11952: 11949: 11947: 11944: 11941: 11939: 11936: 11933: 11931: 11928: 11926: 11923: 11920: 11918: 11915: 11913: 11910: 11907: 11906: 11904: 11900: 11894: 11891: 11889: 11888:Felix Browder 11886: 11883: 11881: 11878: 11875: 11873: 11870: 11867: 11865: 11864:Stephen Smale 11862: 11860: 11857: 11854: 11852: 11849: 11846: 11844: 11841: 11838: 11836: 11833: 11830: 11828: 11825: 11822: 11820: 11817: 11814: 11812: 11811:John McCarthy 11809: 11807: 11804: 11802: 11799: 11796: 11795: 11793: 11789: 11783: 11780: 11778: 11775: 11773: 11772:Samuel Karlin 11770: 11767: 11765: 11762: 11760: 11757: 11754: 11752: 11749: 11747: 11744: 11741: 11739: 11736: 11734: 11731: 11728: 11726: 11723: 11721: 11718: 11715: 11713: 11710: 11707: 11706: 11704: 11700: 11694: 11691: 11689: 11686: 11683: 11681: 11678: 11676: 11673: 11670: 11668: 11665: 11663: 11660: 11658: 11655: 11652: 11650: 11647: 11644: 11642: 11639: 11636: 11634: 11631: 11628: 11627: 11625: 11621: 11615: 11612: 11609: 11607: 11604: 11601: 11599: 11596: 11593: 11591: 11588: 11585: 11583: 11582:Oscar Zariski 11580: 11577: 11575: 11572: 11570: 11567: 11564: 11562: 11559: 11556: 11555: 11553: 11549: 11545: 11538: 11534: 11520: 11517: 11514: 11512: 11509: 11506: 11504: 11501: 11498: 11497: 11495: 11491: 11485: 11482: 11479: 11477: 11474: 11471: 11469: 11466: 11463: 11461: 11458: 11455: 11453: 11450: 11447: 11445: 11442: 11439: 11437: 11434: 11431: 11429: 11426: 11423: 11421: 11418: 11415: 11413: 11410: 11407: 11406: 11404: 11400: 11394: 11391: 11388: 11386: 11383: 11380: 11378: 11375: 11373: 11370: 11367: 11365: 11362: 11359: 11357: 11356:Ray W. Clough 11354: 11351: 11349: 11348:Alfred Y. Cho 11346: 11343: 11341: 11338: 11336: 11333: 11330: 11328: 11325: 11323: 11320: 11318: 11315: 11312: 11310: 11307: 11305: 11302: 11299: 11298: 11296: 11292: 11286: 11283: 11281: 11278: 11275: 11273: 11270: 11268: 11265: 11263: 11260: 11257: 11255: 11252: 11250: 11247: 11245: 11242: 11239: 11237: 11234: 11232: 11229: 11227: 11224: 11221: 11219: 11218:John G. Trump 11216: 11214: 11211: 11209: 11206: 11203: 11201: 11198: 11196: 11193: 11190: 11189: 11187: 11183: 11177: 11174: 11172: 11169: 11167: 11164: 11162: 11159: 11157: 11154: 11151: 11149: 11146: 11144: 11141: 11139: 11136: 11133: 11131: 11128: 11126: 11123: 11121: 11118: 11116: 11113: 11110: 11108: 11105: 11103: 11100: 11098: 11095: 11092: 11090: 11087: 11085: 11082: 11079: 11077: 11074: 11071: 11070: 11068: 11064: 11058: 11055: 11052: 11050: 11047: 11045: 11042: 11039: 11037: 11034: 11032: 11031:Edwin H. Land 11029: 11026: 11024: 11021: 11018: 11016: 11013: 11011: 11008: 11006: 11003: 11000: 10998: 10995: 10993: 10990: 10987: 10985: 10982: 10980: 10979:Vannevar Bush 10977: 10974: 10972: 10969: 10966: 10965: 10963: 10959: 10955: 10948: 10944: 10930: 10927: 10924: 10922: 10919: 10916: 10914: 10911: 10909: 10906: 10903: 10901: 10898: 10896: 10895:Allen J. Bard 10893: 10890: 10888: 10885: 10883: 10880: 10877: 10876: 10874: 10870: 10864: 10861: 10859: 10856: 10853: 10851: 10850:JoAnne Stubbe 10848: 10846: 10845:Joanna Fowler 10843: 10840: 10838: 10835: 10832: 10830: 10827: 10825: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10811: 10809: 10806: 10803: 10801: 10798: 10795: 10793: 10790: 10788: 10785: 10782: 10780: 10777: 10775: 10772: 10769: 10768: 10766: 10762: 10756: 10755:Susan Solomon 10753: 10751: 10748: 10746: 10743: 10740: 10738: 10735: 10733: 10730: 10727: 10725: 10722: 10720: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10709: 10706: 10704: 10701: 10699: 10696: 10693: 10691: 10688: 10685: 10683: 10680: 10678: 10675: 10672: 10670: 10667: 10664: 10662: 10659: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10641: 10639: 10636: 10634: 10631: 10629: 10626: 10623: 10622: 10620: 10616: 10610: 10607: 10605: 10602: 10600: 10599:Melvin Calvin 10597: 10595: 10592: 10589: 10587: 10584: 10582: 10579: 10577: 10574: 10571: 10569: 10566: 10564: 10561: 10559: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10543: 10541: 10540:Yuan Tseh Lee 10538: 10536: 10535:Harry B. Gray 10533: 10530: 10528: 10525: 10523: 10520: 10518: 10515: 10512: 10510: 10509:Gilbert Stork 10507: 10505: 10502: 10499: 10498: 10496: 10492: 10486: 10483: 10480: 10479: 10477: 10473: 10469: 10462: 10458: 10444: 10441: 10439: 10436: 10434: 10431: 10428: 10426: 10423: 10420: 10418: 10417:Bruce Alberts 10415: 10413: 10412:May Berenbaum 10410: 10407: 10405: 10402: 10400: 10397: 10395: 10392: 10389: 10387: 10384: 10382: 10379: 10376: 10375: 10373: 10369: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10355: 10352: 10350: 10347: 10345: 10342: 10340: 10337: 10334: 10332: 10329: 10327: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10318:Lubert Stryer 10316: 10314: 10313:Nina Fedoroff 10311: 10309: 10306: 10303: 10301: 10298: 10296: 10295:Anthony Fauci 10293: 10290: 10288: 10285: 10283: 10280: 10278: 10275: 10272: 10270: 10267: 10265: 10262: 10260: 10257: 10254: 10252: 10249: 10247: 10244: 10241: 10239: 10238:Harold Varmus 10236: 10234: 10231: 10229: 10226: 10224: 10221: 10219: 10216: 10214: 10211: 10209: 10206: 10203: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10185: 10184: 10182: 10178: 10172: 10171:Lynn Margulis 10169: 10167: 10166:Jared Diamond 10164: 10162: 10159: 10156: 10154: 10151: 10149: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10130: 10128: 10125: 10122: 10120: 10117: 10114: 10112: 10109: 10107: 10106:Thomas Eisner 10104: 10101: 10099: 10096: 10094: 10091: 10088: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10080:Maxine Singer 10078: 10075: 10073: 10070: 10068: 10065: 10063: 10062:Paul A. Marks 10060: 10058: 10055: 10053: 10050: 10048: 10045: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10032: 10030: 10027: 10025: 10022: 10020: 10017: 10015: 10012: 10010: 10007: 10005: 10002: 9999: 9998: 9996: 9992: 9986: 9983: 9981: 9978: 9976: 9973: 9971: 9968: 9966: 9963: 9961: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9922: 9920: 9917: 9915: 9912: 9910: 9907: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9897: 9894: 9892: 9889: 9887: 9884: 9882: 9879: 9877: 9874: 9872: 9871:Stanley Cohen 9869: 9866: 9864: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9843: 9841: 9838: 9836: 9833: 9831: 9828: 9825: 9823: 9820: 9817: 9816: 9814: 9810: 9804: 9801: 9799: 9796: 9794: 9791: 9789: 9786: 9784: 9781: 9779: 9776: 9774: 9771: 9768: 9766: 9763: 9761: 9760:Efraim Racker 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9745: 9743: 9740: 9738: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9728: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9714:James V. Neel 9712: 9710: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9686: 9684: 9681: 9679: 9676: 9673: 9672: 9670: 9666: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9642: 9639: 9637: 9634: 9632: 9629: 9627: 9626:Horace Barker 9624: 9621: 9619: 9616: 9614: 9611: 9609: 9606: 9604: 9601: 9598: 9596: 9595:Sewall Wright 9593: 9591: 9588: 9586: 9583: 9581: 9578: 9575: 9573: 9570: 9568: 9565: 9563: 9560: 9557: 9555: 9552: 9550: 9547: 9544: 9542: 9539: 9536: 9535: 9533: 9529: 9525: 9518: 9514: 9500: 9497: 9494: 9492: 9489: 9486: 9484: 9483:Anne Treisman 9481: 9478: 9477: 9475: 9471: 9465: 9462: 9459: 9457: 9454: 9451: 9449: 9446: 9443: 9441: 9440:Kenneth Arrow 9438: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9427: 9425: 9422: 9419: 9418: 9416: 9412: 9406: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9384: 9382: 9379: 9376: 9374: 9371: 9368: 9366: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9352: 9350: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9331: 9330: 9328: 9324: 9318: 9315: 9312: 9310: 9307: 9305: 9304:Anne Anastasi 9302: 9299: 9297: 9294: 9291: 9290: 9288: 9284: 9278: 9275: 9272: 9271: 9269: 9265: 9261: 9254: 9250: 9246: 9243: 9236: 9231: 9229: 9224: 9222: 9217: 9216: 9213: 9201: 9198: 9197: 9194: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9153: 9150: 9149: 9147: 9143: 9137: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9122: 9119: 9117: 9114: 9112: 9109: 9107: 9104: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9091:Barbara Grosz 9089: 9087: 9086:Wolt Fabrycky 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9064: 9062: 9061:Ruzena Bajcsy 9059: 9057: 9054: 9053: 9051: 9047: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8992: 8990: 8986: 8980: 8977: 8975: 8972: 8970: 8967: 8965: 8962: 8960: 8957: 8955: 8952: 8951: 8949: 8945: 8939: 8936: 8934: 8933:Design review 8931: 8929: 8926: 8924: 8921: 8919: 8916: 8914: 8911: 8910: 8908: 8904: 8898: 8895: 8893: 8890: 8888: 8885: 8883: 8880: 8878: 8875: 8873: 8870: 8868: 8865: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8843: 8840: 8839: 8837: 8833: 8829: 8822: 8817: 8815: 8810: 8808: 8803: 8802: 8799: 8788: 8783: 8777: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8764: 8762: 8759: 8755: 8752: 8751: 8750: 8747: 8746: 8744: 8740: 8734: 8731: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8701: 8695: 8692: 8690: 8687: 8685: 8682: 8680: 8677: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8660: 8657: 8656: 8654: 8650: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8599: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8589: 8586: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8574: 8571: 8570: 8568: 8564: 8559: 8555: 8552: 8545: 8540: 8538: 8533: 8531: 8526: 8525: 8522: 8515: 8512: 8510: 8507: 8505: 8501: 8498: 8495: 8492: 8489: 8486: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8473: 8469: 8466: 8463: 8460: 8457: 8455: 8452: 8440: 8436: 8432: 8427: 8425: 8422: 8419: 8416: 8413: 8410: 8407: 8404: 8403: 8393: 8387: 8383: 8378: 8374: 8370: 8366: 8360: 8356: 8351: 8347: 8341: 8337: 8336: 8331: 8327: 8323: 8319: 8315: 8310: 8306: 8300: 8296: 8291: 8287: 8283: 8277: 8273: 8269: 8268: 8262: 8258: 8252: 8247: 8246: 8239: 8238: 8228: 8222: 8218: 8213: 8212: 8192: 8186: 8182: 8181: 8173: 8158: 8152: 8148: 8147: 8139: 8131: 8125: 8121: 8117: 8111: 8109: 8107: 8098: 8091: 8076: 8075: 8070: 8063: 8048: 8047: 8042: 8035: 8027: 8021: 8005: 8004: 7999: 7993: 7991: 7974: 7970: 7963: 7947: 7943: 7937: 7921: 7917: 7913: 7907: 7892: 7888: 7881: 7866: 7865: 7860: 7853: 7837: 7833: 7829: 7822: 7807: 7806: 7801: 7795: 7788: 7784: 7783:Edward Teller 7780: 7774: 7759: 7755: 7749: 7734: 7730: 7723: 7707: 7701: 7686: 7682: 7676: 7660: 7656: 7650: 7631: 7627: 7620: 7614: 7598: 7592: 7577: 7573: 7567: 7552: 7548: 7542: 7527: 7523: 7517: 7509: 7505: 7499: 7491: 7484: 7476: 7472: 7466: 7458: 7454: 7450: 7444: 7428: 7421: 7415: 7408: 7402: 7384: 7377: 7376: 7369: 7361: 7357: 7350: 7335: 7331: 7325: 7310: 7304: 7288: 7284: 7277: 7261: 7257: 7250: 7242: 7236: 7232: 7225: 7209: 7205: 7201: 7195: 7187: 7186:Bible Gateway 7183: 7177: 7170: 7166: 7159: 7151: 7144: 7138:, p. 48. 7137: 7132: 7117: 7113: 7106: 7100:, p. 51. 7099: 7094: 7092: 7076: 7072: 7068: 7061: 7055:, p. 46. 7054: 7049: 7034: 7030: 7023: 7008: 7004: 6998: 6990: 6986: 6985:"To the Moon" 6980: 6969: 6968: 6960: 6952: 6946: 6942: 6935: 6927: 6923: 6917: 6907: 6901:, p. 43. 6900: 6895: 6893: 6877: 6872: 6864: 6857: 6854: 6850: 6835: 6831: 6830: 6825: 6819: 6812: 6806: 6795: 6791: 6784: 6777: 6771:, p. 40. 6770: 6765: 6758: 6752: 6745: 6739: 6724: 6720: 6713: 6705: 6698: 6692: 6686:, p. 39. 6685: 6680: 6674:, p. 36. 6673: 6668: 6660: 6656: 6652: 6648: 6644: 6638: 6634: 6627: 6619: 6615: 6611: 6604: 6588: 6584: 6578: 6570: 6564: 6557: 6553: 6548: 6542: 6538: 6534: 6528: 6520: 6514: 6498: 6497: 6489: 6482: 6481:United Family 6478: 6477: 6472: 6471: 6464: 6457: 6451: 6444: 6443: 6436: 6429: 6423: 6408:. 28 May 2004 6407: 6403: 6397: 6388: 6382: 6378: 6374: 6373: 6366: 6359: 6358: 6353: 6349: 6346: 6340: 6333: 6332: 6327: 6321: 6319: 6311: 6305: 6299: 6295: 6291: 6290: 6283: 6277: 6273: 6269: 6268: 6261: 6245: 6241: 6234: 6228: 6224: 6220: 6214: 6199: 6193: 6189: 6188: 6180: 6161: 6154: 6152: 6144: 6129: 6123: 6119: 6118: 6110: 6102: 6098: 6094: 6087: 6085: 6068: 6067:The Telegraph 6064: 6058: 6043: 6039: 6032: 6016: 6015: 6007: 5999: 5995: 5994:TIME Magazine 5991: 5985: 5977: 5976: 5968: 5960: 5956: 5952: 5945: 5939: 5935: 5928: 5913: 5909: 5903: 5897: 5893: 5889: 5888: 5881: 5879: 5877: 5875: 5873: 5871: 5869: 5867: 5858: 5852: 5848: 5841: 5825: 5821: 5817: 5810: 5802: 5798: 5794: 5788: 5773: 5769: 5763: 5755: 5751: 5747: 5740: 5725: 5721: 5714: 5706: 5700: 5696: 5689: 5680: 5672: 5665: 5656: 5648: 5642: 5638: 5634: 5633: 5625: 5616: 5612: 5606: 5591: 5585: 5581: 5580: 5572: 5564: 5560: 5556: 5549: 5541: 5535: 5531: 5530:BBC Worldwide 5527: 5523: 5517: 5515: 5513: 5496: 5492: 5486: 5484: 5475: 5469: 5465: 5458: 5450: 5443: 5428: 5422: 5418: 5417: 5409: 5401: 5397: 5393: 5387: 5372: 5366: 5362: 5361: 5354: 5346: 5340: 5336: 5329: 5321: 5317: 5313: 5306: 5291: 5285: 5281: 5280: 5272: 5266: 5262: 5258: 5252: 5245: 5244: 5239: 5235: 5230: 5222: 5216: 5212: 5211: 5203: 5201: 5192: 5188: 5187: 5182: 5175: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5153: 5137: 5130: 5122: 5116: 5112: 5105: 5103: 5101: 5099: 5097: 5080: 5076: 5074:9780029228951 5070: 5066: 5061: 5060: 5051: 5043: 5039: 5033: 5031: 5022: 5016: 5012: 5005: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4975: 4968: 4964: 4960: 4954: 4939: 4933: 4929: 4928: 4920: 4904: 4897: 4895: 4878: 4874: 4870: 4864: 4856: 4855: 4850: 4846: 4840: 4834:, p. 50. 4833: 4828: 4826: 4809: 4805: 4799: 4784: 4778: 4774: 4773: 4765: 4758: 4752: 4744: 4740: 4734: 4732: 4715: 4714: 4706: 4698: 4694: 4688: 4681: 4677: 4671: 4667: 4666: 4658: 4656: 4640: 4634: 4630: 4629: 4621: 4613: 4607: 4599: 4593: 4589: 4582: 4567: 4563: 4559: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4543: 4539: 4535: 4528: 4512: 4508: 4502: 4500: 4498: 4496: 4494: 4492: 4490: 4488: 4480: 4474: 4472: 4464: 4458: 4451: 4446: 4439: 4431: 4425: 4421: 4420: 4415: 4409: 4407: 4405: 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March 1970. 3434: 3430: 3427: 3426: 3421: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3401: 3400: 3396: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3372: 3368: 3367:Bachem Ba 349 3364: 3360: 3359: 3356: 3352: 3351: 3342: 3341: 3336: 3333: 3332: 3327: 3326: 3325: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3304: 3301: 3300: 3295: 3294: 3289: 3288: 3283: 3279: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3267: 3263: 3262: 3261: 3255: 3251: 3250:Mark Saltzman 3247: 3244: 3243: 3242: 3236: 3235:Robert Harris 3232: 3231: 3227: 3224: 3220: 3219: 3215: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3195: 3191: 3187: 3186: 3182: 3179: 3175: 3174: 3170: 3167: 3166: 3162: 3161: 3160: 3154: 3150: 3147: 3146: 3141: 3137: 3134: 3133: 3128: 3124: 3123: 3122: 3116: 3112: 3111: 3107: 3104: 3103: 3099: 3098: 3097: 3091: 3090:Victor Slezak 3087: 3086: 3082: 3079: 3075: 3074: 3070: 3067: 3063: 3062: 3058: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3046: 3042: 3039: 3035: 3034: 3030: 3027: 3023: 3022: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 3000: 2996: 2993: 2990: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2974: 2970: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2958: 2954: 2951: 2950: 2946: 2943: 2939: 2938: 2934: 2931: 2930: 2926: 2923: 2919: 2918: 2914: 2911: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2899:Victoria Shaw 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2883: 2879: 2876: 2875: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2857: 2856: 2853: 2852: 2842: 2839: 2831: 2820: 2817: 2813: 2810: 2806: 2803: 2799: 2796: 2792: 2789: – 2788: 2784: 2783:Find sources: 2777: 2773: 2767: 2766: 2761:This section 2759: 2755: 2750: 2749: 2737: 2734: 2731: 2728: 2725: 2721: 2718: 2714: 2711: 2708: 2705: 2702: 2699: 2695: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2682: 2681: 2671: 2670: 2665: 2662: 2661: 2656: 2653: 2652: 2647: 2644: 2643: 2638: 2637: 2636: 2634: 2626: 2623:: July 1934 ( 2622: 2618: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2606: 2603:Dates of rank 2597: 2594: 2593: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2573: 2569: 2564: 2560: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2529: 2526: 2525: 2521: 2520:Albert Brewer 2517: 2516:John Sparkman 2513: 2508: 2499: 2497: 2492: 2490: 2486: 2477: 2472: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2454: 2449: 2447: 2442: 2434: 2428:Personal life 2425: 2422: 2418: 2413: 2409: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2378: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2357: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2344:, the CEO of 2343: 2339: 2335: 2330: 2328: 2327:kidney cancer 2323: 2321: 2307: 2303: 2301: 2296: 2294: 2286: 2281: 2277: 2275: 2270: 2266: 2264: 2260: 2255: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2240:Kurt H. Debus 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2216: 2214: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2198: 2194: 2189: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2173: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2154: 2145: 2143: 2138: 2133: 2123: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2109: 2104: 2101: 2096: 2091: 2086: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2058: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2047:Space Shuttle 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2027:direct ascent 2023: 2022: 2016: 2014: 2013: 2008: 2004: 1999: 1997: 1996: 1990: 1985: 1983: 1979: 1978: 1973: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1954: 1950: 1945: 1941: 1935: 1933: 1932: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1898: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1883: 1878: 1877:space station 1870: 1866: 1861: 1857: 1855: 1851: 1840: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1821: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1797: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1774: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1747: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1711: 1706: 1692: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1663:American Zone 1660: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1637: 1632: 1630: 1626: 1621: 1617: 1615: 1614:Bavarian Alps 1611: 1606: 1602: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1575: 1571: 1563: 1559: 1554: 1545: 1541: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1521: 1519: 1514: 1512: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1494: 1491: 1487: 1477: 1475: 1471: 1464: 1460: 1458: 1452: 1450: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1415: 1413: 1409: 1404: 1400: 1395: 1393: 1389: 1388:piston engine 1385: 1384:Neuhardenberg 1376: 1372: 1369: 1365: 1364:Erich Warsitz 1361: 1357: 1353: 1352:Ernst Heinkel 1342: 1337: 1335: 1331: 1325: 1320: 1318: 1314: 1309: 1307: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1285: 1282: 1275: 1270: 1266: 1261: 1258: 1251: 1249: 1242: 1240: 1236: 1230: 1228: 1224: 1223: 1218: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1204: 1199: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1159: 1155: 1153: 1147: 1144: 1140: 1130: 1128: 1127: 1122: 1115: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1105: 1099: 1096: 1090: 1088: 1087: 1086:Allgemeine-SS 1082: 1081: 1076: 1075: 1066: 1065:Allgemeine-SS 1060: 1056: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1032: 1027: 1023: 1018: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1006: 1002: 989: 985: 981: 976: 967: 965: 961: 960:Norman Davies 955: 950: 947: 945: 935: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 900: 897: 893: 889: 885: 884:Raketenrummel 880: 878: 874: 870: 867: 863: 859: 855: 854: 849: 845: 841: 837: 833: 829: 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 804: 802: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 761: 759: 758:German Empire 755: 751: 747: 737: 735: 731: 726: 724: 720: 716: 712: 709: 705: 701: 696: 694: 690: 686: 682: 678: 674: 670: 666: 661: 659: 658:United States 655: 651: 647: 643: 642: 641:Allgemeine SS 637: 633: 629: 626: 622: 621: 609: 557: 550: 542: 533: 528: 523: 519: 515: 512: 509: 507: 503: 496: 495: 491: 489: 485: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 464: 461: 458: 457: 452: 451: 449: 445: 442: 439: 435: 432: 428: 424: 420: 413: 410: 407: 404: 403: 401: 397: 393: 392: 387: 383: 379: 375: 372: 371: 370:Allgemeine SS 367: 361: 358: 355: 351: 346: 342: 335: 332: 329: 326: 323: 320: 317: 314: 313: 311: 307: 300: 297: 294: 291: 290: 288: 284: 277: 274: 271: 270: 268: 264: 260: 256: 234: 230: 226: 223: 219: 215: 211: 208: 204: 200: 196: 193: 191:Occupation(s) 189: 182: 178: 175: 172: 169: 168: 166: 162: 159:United States 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 138: 135: 131: 126: 116: 112: 108: 107:German Empire 104: 100: 96: 91:23 March 1912 80: 75: 71: 64: 59: 52: 49: 45: 41: 37: 33: 19: 14386: 14374: 14208: 14201: 14195: 14187: 14180: 14171: 14164: 14157: 14150: 13981: 13930:Perseverance 13929: 13891: 13884: 13861: 13821: 13804: 13788:New Horizons 13786: 13779: 13772: 13745: 13737: 13713: 13701: 13694: 13681: 13669: 13661: 13622: 13614: 13607: 13600: 13329: 13313:Apollo–Soyuz 12923:Sandra Faber 12918:Sidney Drell 12748:Leo Kadanoff 12743:James Cronin 12691:Hans Dehmelt 12626:Robert Pound 12592:Robert Sharp 12408:John Sinfelt 12375:Verner Suomi 12342:Lewis Sarett 12206:Lars Onsager 12150:Henry Eyring 12117:John Bardeen 11859:Richard Karp 11827:Allen Newell 11606:Jerzy Neyman 11231:Tung-Yen Lin 11208:Bill Hewlett 11138:Morris Cohen 11129: 10732:John W. Cahn 10633:Karl Folkers 10394:Lucy Shapiro 10344:Elaine Fuchs 10223:Ann Graybiel 10153:Janet Rowley 10135:James Watson 10127:Ruth Patrick 9970:Philip Leder 9840:Mildred Cohn 9788:Severo Ochoa 9765:E. O. Wilson 9126:Katia Sycara 9070: 9010:Optimization 8786: 8572: 8477:V2rocket.com 8443:. Retrieved 8439:the original 8434: 8381: 8354: 8334: 8313: 8294: 8286:the original 8266: 8244: 8216: 8194:. Retrieved 8179: 8172: 8160:. Retrieved 8145: 8138: 8119: 8096: 8090: 8078:. Retrieved 8072: 8062: 8050:. Retrieved 8044: 8034: 8020: 8008:. Retrieved 8001: 7977:. Retrieved 7962: 7950:. Retrieved 7945: 7936: 7924:. Retrieved 7920:the original 7906: 7894:. Retrieved 7891:The Guardian 7890: 7880: 7868:. Retrieved 7862: 7852: 7840:. Retrieved 7836:the original 7831: 7821: 7809:. Retrieved 7803: 7794: 7778: 7773: 7761:. Retrieved 7757: 7748: 7736:. Retrieved 7732: 7722: 7710:. Retrieved 7700: 7688:. Retrieved 7684: 7675: 7663:. Retrieved 7658: 7649: 7637:. 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May 1945. 3275:Henry Mazer 2949:October Sky 2489:White House 2342:Lutz Kayser 2215:Freedom 7. 2148:NASA career 2043:aerocapture 2003:Walt Disney 1989:spaceflight 1963:Walt Disney 1955:foothills. 1944:Sinus Roris 1922:Earth orbit 1740:Fort Strong 1579:Bleicherode 1570:Soviet Army 1422:SS General 1418:Slave labor 1313:Kármán line 1196:Kummersdorf 1031:membership. 924:Paul Ehmayr 812:Brandenburg 693:Walt Disney 227:(1937–1945) 156:Citizenship 148:Nationality 32:German name 14403:Categories 14304:Moon rocks 14064:Astronauts 14057:NASA lists 13914:OSIRIS-REx 13748:helicopter 13616:Pioneer 11 13609:Pioneer 10 13412:Hitchhiker 13287:suborbital 13124:Space Race 12670:Vera Rubin 12309:Paul Flory 11970:Hyman Bass 11843:John Cocke 11746:Raoul Bott 11649:Kurt Gödel 11641:John Tukey 11598:Paul Cohen 11213:George Low 11176:Simon Ramo 10399:Leroy Hood 10200:Carl Woese 10148:Bruce Ames 9659:Ernst Mayr 9116:Simon Ramo 8638:Henderson* 8618:Stephenson 8445:10 January 8322:B0006CKBHY 8046:The Herald 7777:Neufield, 7339:26 October 7293:1 December 7266:1 December 7214:1 February 7121:12 October 6881:10 January 6552:Neufeld MJ 6412:13 October 6203:10 January 6169:10 January 6133:10 January 6073:10 January 6047:10 January 6021:10 January 5856:0160589924 5777:10 January 5729:10 January 5611:"vonBraun" 5595:10 January 5563:B0021SD22M 5526:Space Race 5432:10 January 5376:10 January 4967:3550060742 4883:8 November 4788:10 January 4720:10 January 4644:10 January 4571:10 January 4347:. 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