Wernher von Braun - Knowledge

1542: 1147: 964: 3527: 1849: 1948: 1694: 1258: 2284:, when he was assigned the post of NASA's Deputy Associate Administrator for Planning at NASA Headquarters. After a series of conflicts associated with the truncation of the Apollo program, and facing severe budget constraints, von Braun retired from NASA on 26 May 1972. Not only had it become evident by this time that NASA and his visions for future U.S. space flight projects were incompatible, but also it was perhaps even more frustrating for him to see popular support for a continued presence of man in space wane dramatically once the goal to reach the Moon had been accomplished. 1452:... also the German scientists led by Prof. Wernher von Braun were aware of everything daily. As they went along the corridors, they saw the exhaustion of the inmates, their arduous work and their pain. Not one single time did Prof. Wernher von Braun protest against this cruelty during his frequent stays at Dora. Even the aspect of corpses did not touch him: On a small area near the ambulance shed, inmates tortured to death by slave labor and the terror of the overseers were piling up daily. But, Prof. Wernher von Braun passed them so close that he was almost touching the corpses. 2188:, the rocket only rose up a mere 4 inches before settling back down onto the launch pad. The unfortunate and untimely failure of the rocket launch created a "nadir of morale in Project Mercury." The launch failure was later determined to be the result of a "power plug with one prong shorter than the other because a worker filed it to make it fit." Because of the difference in the length of one prong, the launch system detected the difference in the power disconnection as a "cut-off signal to the engine." The safety system in fact stopped the launch. 1194:) on 27 July 1934, from the University of Berlin for a thesis titled "About Combustion Tests." His doctoral supervisor was Erich Schumann. However, this thesis represented only the public aspect of von Braun's work. His actual thesis, entitled "Construction, Theoretical, and Experimental Solution to the Problem of the Liquid Propellant Rocket" (dated 16 April 1934), detailed the construction and design of the A2 rocket. It remained classified by the German army until its publication in 1960. By the end of 1934, his group had successfully launched 2422: 1762: 2269: 2196:

involved in the program, who argued that MR-2's technical issues were simple and had been resolved shortly after the flight. He overruled them, so a test mission involving a Redstone on a boilerplate capsule was flown successfully in March. Von Braun's stubbornness was blamed for the inability of the U.S. to launch a crewed space mission before the Soviet Union, which ended up putting the first man in space the following month. Three weeks later on 5 May, von Braun's team successfully launched

1969:(1952), had envisaged a fleet of 10 spacecraft (each with a mass of 3,720 metric tonnes), three of them uncrewed and each carrying one 200-tonne winged lander in addition to cargo, and nine crew vehicles transporting a total of 70 astronauts. The engineering and astronautical parameters of this gigantic mission were thoroughly calculated. A later project was much more modest, using only one purely orbital cargo ship and one crewed craft. In each case, the expedition used minimum-energy 2444:, in a letter to his father. He married her in a Lutheran church in Landshut, Bavaria, on 1 March 1947, having received permission to go back to Germany and return with his bride. He was 35, and his new bride was 18. Shortly after, he converted to Evangelicalism. He returned to Manhattan on 26 March 1947, with his wife, father, and mother. On 8 December 1948, the von Brauns' first daughter together, Iris Careen, was born at Fort Bliss Army Hospital. The couple had two more children: 2460: 52: 14359: 1254:

Reaching Extreme Altitudes", which was studied by von Braun and Oberth, lacked the specificity of liquid-fuel experimentation with rockets. It was also confirmed that he was responsible for an estimated 20 patentable innovations related to rocketry, as well as receiving U.S. patents after the war concerning the advancement of rocketry. Documented accounts also stated he provided solutions to a host of aerospace engineering problems in the 1950s and 1960s.

2142: 2743: 3541: 2295: 1746:, a large Army installation just north of El Paso, Texas. Von Braun later wrote that he found it hard to develop a "genuine emotional attachment" to his new surroundings. His chief design engineer Walther Reidel became the subject of a December 1946 article, "German Scientist Says American Cooking Tasteless; Dislikes Rubberized Chicken", exposing the presence of von Braun's team in the country and drawing criticism from 2496: 14371: 521: 1605:, where they were closely guarded by the SS with orders to execute the team if they were about to fall into enemy hands. However, von Braun managed to convince SS Major Kummer to order the dispersal of the group into nearby villages so that they would not be an easy target for U.S. bombers. On 29 April 1945, Oberammergau was captured by the Allied forces who seized the majority of the engineering team. 2258:

exploration of Antarctic wastelands would be useful for the crewed exploration of space. Von Braun was mainly interested in the management of the scientific effort on Antarctic research stations, logistics, habitation, and life support, and in using the barren Antarctic terrain like the glacial dry valleys to test the equipment that one day was used to look for signs of life on Mars and other worlds.

1230:; Annapolis would have received some parts from them. Goddard is reported to have recognized components he had invented and inferred that his brainchild had been turned into a weapon. Later, von Braun said: "I have very deep and sincere regret for the victims of the V-2 rockets, but there were victims on both sides...A war is a war, and when my country is at war, my duty is to help win that war." 1364: 3291:. It was a satire on what Lehrer saw as von Braun's cavalier attitude toward the consequences of his work in Nazi Germany. For example, one line in the song states: "A man whose allegiance/ Is ruled by expedience/ Call him a Nazi, he won't even frown/ 'Nazi, Schmazi!' says Wernher von Braun." There was a widespread rumour that von Braun had sued Lehrer for the song, but this is untrue. 4439:

group in Berlin, but National Socialist organizations were then pressing non-member students to participate in paramilitary activities. In 1937, now the technical director at age 25 of the new Army rocket center at Peenemünde on the Baltic, he received a letter asking him to join the Party. Since it required little commitment, and it might damage his career to say no, he went along.

2265:. He referred to this time as a moment in his life when he felt the strong need to pray, stating "I certainly prayed a lot before and during the crucial Apollo flights". A few months later, on the occasion of the first Moon landing, he publicly expressed his optimism that the Saturn V carrier system would continue to be developed, advocating human missions to Mars in the 1980s. 3513: 2030:. The residual propellant in the third stage was used for the deceleration intended to commence only a few hundred kilometers above the landing site in a crater near the lunar north pole. The fourth stage provided acceleration to lunar escape velocity, and the fifth stage was responsible for a deceleration during return to the Earth to a residual speed that allows 1403:. Von Braun's engines used direct combustion and created fire, while the Walter devices used hot vapors from a chemical reaction, but both created thrust and provided high speed. The subsequent flights with the He-112 used the Walter-rocket instead of von Braun's; it was more reliable, simpler to operate, and safer for the test pilot, Warsitz. 915:. In spring 1932, he graduated with a diploma in mechanical engineering. His early exposure to rocketry convinced him that the exploration of space would require far more than applications of the current engineering technology. Wanting to learn more about physics, chemistry, and astronomy, von Braun entered the 4053:

Magnus von Braun, the brother of rocket pioneer Wernher von Braun who worked in Huntsville from 1950–1955, died Saturday in Phoenix, Ariz. He was 84. Though not as famous as his older brother, who died in 1977, Magnus von Braun made the first contact with U.S. Army troops to arrange the German rocket

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Von Braun did not indicate interest in politics or political philosophy during his onboarding working for the U.S. Army. He was primarily focused on his work in guided missiles for the purpose of advancing science and technology. According to FBI background checks, "any political activity he may have

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On the motives behind this conversion, Michael J. Neufeld is of the opinion that he turned to religion "to pacify his own conscience", and University of Southampton scholar Kendrick Oliver said that von Braun was presumably moved "by a desire to find a new direction for his life after the moral chaos

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before – describing his updated concept of the first crewed lunar landing. The scenario included only a single and relatively small spacecraft – a winged lander with a crew of only two experienced pilots who had already circumnavigated the Moon on an earlier mission. The

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in early 1945 when von Braun assembled his planning staff and asked them to decide how and to whom they should surrender. Unwilling to go to the Soviets, von Braun and his staff decided to try to surrender to the Americans. Kammler had ordered the relocation of his team to central Germany; however, a

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in February 1944. To increase his power-base within the Nazi regime, Himmler was conspiring to use Kammler to gain control of all German armament programs, including the V-2 program at Peenemünde. He therefore recommended that von Braun work more closely with Kammler to solve the problems of the V-2.

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in Switzerland. During this time in Switzerland, von Braun assisted Professor Hermann Oberth in writing a book concerning the possibilities of creating and manufacturing liquid-propellant rockets. Shortly after this, von Braun founded his own private rocket development business in Berlin, and through

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German sources mostly specify the cancer as renal, while American biographies unanimously just mention cancer. The time when von Braun learned about the disease is generally given as from 1973 to 1976. The characteristics of renal cell carcinoma, which has a bad prognosis even today, do not rule out

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Von Braun envisioned these expeditions as very large-scale undertakings, with a total of 50 astronauts traveling in three huge spacecraft (two for crew, one primarily for cargo), each 49 m (160.76 ft) long and 33 m (108.27 ft) in diameter and driven by a rectangular array of

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We knew that we had created a new means of warfare, and the question as to what nation, to what victorious nation we were willing to entrust this brainchild of ours was a moral decision more than anything else. We wanted to see the world spared another conflict such as Germany had just been through,

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Nearing the end of the war, Hitler instructed SS troops to gas all technical men concerned with rocket development. Upon hearing this, von Braun commandeered a train and fled with other "technical men" to a location in the mountains of South Germany. After some time, von Braun and many of the others

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While on an official trip in March, von Braun suffered a complicated fracture of his left arm and shoulder in a car accident after his driver fell asleep at the wheel. His injuries were serious, but he insisted that his arm be set in a cast so that he could leave the hospital. Due to this neglect of

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In response to Goddard's statements, von Braun said "at no time in Germany did I or any of my associates ever see a Goddard patent". This was independently confirmed. He wrote that statements that he had lifted Goddard's work were the furthest from the truth, noting that Goddard's paper "A Method of

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In 1939, I was officially demanded to join the National Socialist Party. At this time I was already Technical Director at the Army Rocket Center at Peenemünde (Baltic Sea). The technical work carried out there had, in the meantime, attracted more and more attention in higher levels. Thus, my refusal

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by Thomas Pynchon. The novel involves British intelligence attempting to predict and avert V-2 rocket attacks. The work even includes a gyroscopic equation for the V2. The first portion of the novel, "Beyond The Zero", begins with a quotation from von Braun: "Nature does not know extinction; all it

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program, set up the thesis that automatic space probes can get the same amount of scientific data with an effort of only 10 or 20 percent of the costs, and that the money should be better spent on other purposes. Von Braun justified the expenses for crewed operations with the following argument: "I

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congregation, and became increasingly religious. He publicly spoke and wrote about the complementarity of science and religion, the afterlife of the soul, and his belief in God. He stated, "Through science man strives to learn more of the mysteries of creation. Through religion he seeks to know the

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One day in Fort Bliss, a neighbor called and asked if I would like to go to church with him. I accepted, because I wanted to see if the American church was just a country club as I'd been led to expect. Instead, I found a small, white frame building... in the hot Texas sun on a browned-grass lot...

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Von Braun remarked "at Peenemünde we had been coddled, here you were counting pennies". Whereas von Braun had thousands of engineers who answered to him at Peenemünde, he was now subordinate to "pimply" 26-year-old Jim Hamill, an Army major who possessed only an undergraduate degree in engineering.

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Realizing that the matter was of highly political significance for the relation between the SS and the Army, I called immediately on my military superior, Dr. Dornberger. He informed me that the SS had for a long time been trying to get their "finger in the pie" of the rocket work. I asked him what

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Hermann Oberth was the first who, when thinking about the possibility of spaceships, grabbed a slide-rule and presented mathematically analyzed concepts and designs... I, myself, owe to him not only the guiding-star of my life, but also my first contact with the theoretical and practical aspects of

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rocket car demonstrations, that he constructed his own homemade toy rocket car and caused a disruption in a crowded sidewalk by launching the toy wagon, to which he had attached the largest firework rockets he could purchase. He was later taken in for questioning by the local police, until released

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warfare did not escape him. In his popular writings, von Braun elaborated on them in several of his books and articles, but he took care to qualify such military applications as "particularly dreadful". This much-less-peaceful aspect of von Braun's "drive for space" has been reviewed by Michael J.

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were said to have expressed regret at an engineer's house one evening in early March 1944 that they were not working on a spaceship and that they felt the war was not going well; this was considered a "defeatist" attitude. A young female dentist who was an SS spy reported their comments. Himmler's

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based rockets were leading toward light and simple rockets that appeared well-suited for aircraft installation. Also, the firm of Hellmuth Walter at Kiel had been commissioned by the RLM to build a rocket engine for the He-112, so there were two different new rocket motor designs at Neuhardenberg:

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ordered the production of the A-4 as a "vengeance weapon", and the Peenemünde group developed it to target London. Following von Braun's 7 July 1943 presentation of a color movie showing an A-4 taking off, Hitler was so enthusiastic that he personally made von Braun a professor shortly thereafter.

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In 1932, having caught wind of von Braun's rocket business, the German Army connected with von Braun to pursue basic missile research and weather data experimentation. Von Braun said that the German government financed the development of test stands and facilities for experimentation in Darmstadt,

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and von Braun, seen in 1954 holding a model of his passenger ship, collaborated on a series of three educational films; among other things, this suggests that von Braun had enough free time to popularize astronautics due to the fact that priority in the design of a space rocket was given to other

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Von Braun was a right-wing nationalist by upbringing but seems to have taken little interest in Nazi ideology or anti-Semitism. As money began flowing into rearmament and eventually into the rocket program, he became more enthusiastic about the regime. In 1933–34, he was a member of an SS riding

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tests conducted by the United States. He personally witnessed this historic launch and detonation. Work on the Redstone led to the development of the first high-precision inertial guidance system on the Redstone rocket. By 1953 von Braun's title was, "Chief, Guided Missiles Development Division,

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Upon investigation by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation on 1 May 1961 advised that "there was no record of an arrest in their respective files" suggesting that Von Braun's imprisonment was wiped from German prison records at a point after his conditional release or after the Nazi

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to von Braun and Heinkel, because he had been recognized as one of the most experienced test pilots of the time, and because he also had an extraordinary fund of technical knowledge. After he familiarized Warsitz with a test-stand run, showing him the corresponding apparatus in the aircraft, he

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to Mars, von Braun had written a science fiction novel on the subject, set in the year 1980. However, 18 publishers rejected the manuscript. Von Braun later published small portions of this opus in magazines, to illustrate selected aspects of his Mars project popularizations. The complete

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as a short-range ballistic rocket) which in their view would be impossible without von Braun's leadership. In his memoirs, Speer states Hitler had finally conceded that von Braun was to be "protected from all prosecution as long as he is indispensable, difficult though the general consequences

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had sent him with the order to urge me to join the SS. I told him I was so busy with my rocket work that I had no time to spare for any political activity. He then told me, that...the SS would cost me no time at all. I would be awarded the rank of a "Untersturmfuehrer" (lieutenant) and it were

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Later examination of von Braun's background, conducted by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation, suggests that his background check file contained no derogatory information pertaining to his involvement in the party, but it was found that he had numerous letters of commendation for

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During the local summer of 1966–67, von Braun participated in a field trip to Antarctica, organized for him and several other members of top NASA management. The goal of the field trip was to determine whether the experience gained by the U.S. scientific and technological community during the

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mission in January 1961, a mere 2 months after the failed "4 inch mission," NASA morale was improved. Still, a new string of problems emerged. Von Braun insisted on one more test before the Redstone could be deemed man-rated. His overly cautious nature brought about clashes with other people

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Some prisoners state that von Braun engaged in brutal treatment or approved of it. Guy Morand, a French resistance fighter who was a prisoner in Dora, testified in 1995 that, after an apparent sabotage attempt, von Braun ordered a prisoner to be flogged, while Robert Cazabonne, another French

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The V-2 was a quantum leap of technological change. We got to the Moon using V-2 technology but this was technology that was developed with massive resources, including some particularly grim ones. The V-2 programme was hugely expensive in terms of lives, with the Nazis using slave labour to

1754:. Requests to improve their living conditions such as laying linoleum over their cracked wood flooring were rejected. Von Braun was hypercritical of the slowness of the United States' development of guided missiles. His lab was never able to get sufficient funds to go on with their programs. 1672:. There is evidence, however, that British intelligence and scientists were the first to interview him in depth, eager to gain information that they knew U.S. officials would deny them. The team included the young L.S. Snell, then the leading British rocket engineer, later chief designer of 1645:

in London, and Lieutenant Colonel R. L. Williams took von Braun and his department chiefs by Jeep from Garmisch to Munich, from where they were flown to Nordhausen. In the following days, a larger group of rocket engineers, among them Helmut Gröttrup, was evacuated from Bleicherode 40 miles

1785:. They also continued to study the future potential of rockets for military and research applications. Since they were not permitted to leave Fort Bliss without military escort, von Braun and his colleagues began to refer to themselves only half-jokingly as "PoPs" – "Prisoners of Peace". 1566:

conflicting order from an army chief ordered them to join the army and fight. Deciding that Kammler's order was their best bet to defect to the Americans, von Braun fabricated documents and transported 500 of his affiliates to the area around Mittelwerk, where they resumed their work in

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when the U.S. government put the containment of the Soviet Union above everything else. The fact that his space station – if armed with missiles that could be easily adapted from those already available at this time – would give the United States space superiority in both orbital and

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unfounded allegations branding von Braun and his colleagues as communist sympathizers and accusing them of sabotaging the V-2 program, coupled with von Braun's regular piloting of a government-provided airplane that could facilitate an escape to Britain, led to their arrest by the

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Von Braun, like other Peenemünders, was assigned to the local group in Karlshagen; there is no evidence that he did more than send in his monthly dues. But he is seen in some photographs with the party's swastika pin in his lapel – it was politically useful to demonstrate his

1218:. In 1963, von Braun reflected on the history of rocketry, and said of Goddard's work: "His rockets ... may have been rather crude by present-day standards, but they blazed the trail and incorporated many features used in our most modern rockets and space vehicles." 2523:

was quoted as saying he did not think that the United States would have reached the Moon as quickly as it did without von Braun's help. Later, after discussing it with colleagues, he amended this to say he did not believe the United States would have reached the Moon at

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Together, these people make a live, vibrant community. This was the first time I really understood that religion was not a cathedral inherited from the past, or a quick prayer at the last minute. To be effective, a religion has to be backed up by discipline and effort.

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When shown a picture of himself standing behind Himmler, von Braun said that he had only worn the SS uniform that one time, but in 2002 a former SS officer at Peenemünde told the BBC that von Braun had regularly worn the SS uniform to official meetings. He began as an

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was casting eyes on targets far beyond the Moon. The most inviting: the earth's close, and probably most hospitable, planetary neighbor. Given the same energy and dedication that took them to the Moon, says Wernher von Braun, Americans could land on Mars as early as

1620:, von Braun's brother and fellow rocket engineer, Magnus, approached the soldier on a bicycle, calling out in broken English: "My name is Magnus von Braun. My brother invented the V-2. We want to surrender." After the surrender, Wernher von Braun spoke to the press: 2429:

Von Braun had a charismatic personality and was known as a ladies' man. As a student in Berlin, he often was seen in the evenings in the company of two girlfriends at once. He later had a succession of affairs within the secretarial and computer pool at Peenemünde.

2437:. However, the engagement was broken due to his mother's opposition. Later in 1943, he had an affair with a French woman while in Paris preparing V-2 launch sites in northeastern France. She was imprisoned for collaboration after the war and became destitute. 2091:

conference in 2004, W. Albert Wilson, a former pilot and NASA employee, stated that he had talked with von Braun about the Christian faith while von Braun was working for NASA, and believed that conversation had been instrumental in von Braun's conversion.

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outstanding performance of duties during his time working under the Nazi party. Overall FBI conclusions point to von Braun's involvement in the Nazi Party to be purely for the advancement of his academic career, or out of fear of imprisonment or execution.

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Repeating the pattern he had established during his earlier career in Germany, von Braun – while directing military rocket development in the real world – continued to entertain his engineer-scientist's dream of a future in which rockets would be used for

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and wanted to continue segregation. Von Braun accused segregationist policies as obstructing the development of Alabama. His statements were considered "unusual for a space scientist, particularly in the south, but well within agency and national policy.

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Goddard confirmed his work was used by von Braun in 1944, shortly before the Nazis began firing V-2s at England. A V-2 crashed in Sweden and some parts were sent to an Annapolis lab where Goddard was doing research for the Navy. If this was the so-called

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in Friedberg, Bavaria was named after von Braun in 1979. In response to rising criticism, a school committee decided in 1995, after lengthy deliberations, to keep the name but "to address von Braun's ambiguity in the advanced history classes". In 2012,

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Even as man prepared to take his first tentative extraterrestrial steps, other celestial adventures beckoned him. The shape and scope of the post-Apollo crewed space program remained hazy, and a great deal depends on the safe and successful outcome of

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In 1973, von Braun was diagnosed with kidney cancer during a routine medical examination. However, he continued to work unrestrained for a number of years. In January 1977, then very ill, he resigned from Fairchild Industries. Later in 1977, President

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on many occasions, and called conditions at the plant "repulsive", but stated that he had never personally witnessed any deaths or beatings, although it had become clear to him by 1944 that deaths had occurred. He denied ever having visited the

1431:, chief engineer of the V-2 rocket factory at Peenemünde, endorsed this idea in April 1943 when a labor shortage developed. More people died building the V-2 rockets than were killed by it as a weapon. Von Braun admitted visiting the plant at 6419:. Krieger Pub, p. 270: "Those who knew him through the 1960s and 1970s noticed during these years that a new element began to surface in his conversations, and also in his speeches and his writings: a growing interest in religious thought." 1292:

dispatched raids on the Peenemünde camp consisting of 596 aircraft, and dropped 1,800 tons of explosives. The facility was salvaged and most of the engineering team remained unharmed; however, the raids killed von Braun's engine designer

2070:)." Nevertheless, in 1945 he explained his decision to surrender to the Western Allies, rather than Russians, as being influenced by a desire to share rocket technology with people who followed the Bible. In 1946, he attended church in 2172:. Two years later, NASA opened the Marshall Space Flight Center at Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, and the Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA) development team led by von Braun was transferred to NASA. In a face-to-face meeting with 1456:

Von Braun later stated that he was aware of the treatment of prisoners, but felt helpless to change the situation. When asked if von Braun could have protested against the brutal treatment of the slave laborers, von Braun team member

935:. After the talk, the young student approached the famous pioneer of high-altitude balloon flight, and stated to him: "You know, I plan on traveling to the Moon at some time." Piccard is said to have responded with encouraging words. 664:. The V-2 became the first artificial object to travel into space on 20 June 1944. Following the war, he was secretly moved to the United States, along with about 1,600 other German scientists, engineers, and technicians, as part of 14597: 2176:

at the Pentagon, von Braun made it clear he would go to NASA only if development of the Saturn were allowed to continue. Von Braun became the center's first director on 1 July 1960 and held the position until 27 January 1970.

6137: 2038:. One remarkable feature of this technical tale is that the engineer von Braun anticipated a medical phenomenon that became apparent only years later: being a veteran astronaut with no history of serious adverse reactions to 2901:"The Search for Truth" (1962) – a film produced by Brigham Young University and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints includes a clip of von Braun discussing the relationship between science and a divine creator. 2161:. American authorities then chose to use von Braun and his German team's experience with missiles to create an orbital launch vehicle. Von Braun had originally proposed such an idea in 1954, but it was denied at the time. 2066:: "Throughout his younger years, von Braun did not show signs of religious devotion, or even an interest in things related to the church or to biblical teachings. In fact, he was known to his friends as a 'merry heathen' ( 13089: 14537: 1935:

region by using the emptied cargo holds of their craft as shelters, and would explore their surroundings for eight weeks. This would include a 400 km (249 mi) expedition in pressurized rovers to the crater

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In 1933, von Braun was working on his creative doctorate when the Nazi Party came to power in a coalition government in Germany; rocketry was almost immediately moved onto the national agenda. An artillery captain,

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think somehow space flights for the first time give mankind a chance to become immortal. Once this earth will no longer be able to support life we can emigrate to other places which are better suited for our life."

1841:. However, he was no longer at risk of being fired. As American public opinion of Germans began to recover, von Braun found himself increasingly in a position to popularize his ideas. The 14 May 1950 headline of 4211:

pp. 5–8) list the young Wernher von Braun as joining the VfR as an apprentice to Willy Ley, one of the three founders. Later when Ley fled Germany because he was a Jew, von Braun took over the leadership of the

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His loyal Germans still addressed him as "Herr Professor", but Hamill addressed him as "Wernher" and never responded to von Braun's request for more materials. Every proposal for new rocket ideas was dismissed.

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Ivy Hill Cemetery, Alexandria, Virginia, Wilson, Scott. Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons, 3d ed.: 2 (Kindle Location 48952). McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. Kindle

1208:'s research. Before 1939, German scientists occasionally contacted Goddard directly with technical questions. Von Braun used Goddard's plans from various journals and incorporated them into the building of the 2353:

Von Braun's insistence on more tests after Mercury-Redstone 2 flew higher than planned has been identified as contributing to the Soviet Union's success in launching the first human in space. The successful

5300: 1664:, where the elite of Nazi Germany's economic, scientific and technological sectors were debriefed by U.S. and British intelligence officials. Initially, he was recruited to the U.S. under a program called 2022:

designs that were under discussion at this time. After a night launch from a Pacific island, the first three stages brought the spacecraft (with the two remaining upper stages attached) to terrestrial

1845:("Dr. von Braun Says Rocket Flights Possible to Moon") might have marked the beginning of these efforts. Von Braun's ideas rode a publicity wave that was created by science fiction movies and stories. 1633:, the code name for the list of German scientists and engineers targeted for immediate interrogation by U.S. military experts. On 9 June 1945, two days before the originally scheduled handover of the 1201:

Von Braun continued his guided missile work throughout World War Two, and met with Adolf Hitler on several occasions, being formally decorated by Hitler twice, including being awarded the Iron Cross.

1321:"Retaliation/Vengeance Weapon 2") for propaganda purposes, was launched toward England on 7 September 1944, only 21 months after the project had been officially commissioned. Doug Millard of the 1625:

and we felt that only by surrendering such a weapon to people who are guided not by the laws of materialism but by Christianity and humanity could such an assurance to the world be best secured.

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and surrounding towns after the middle of February 1945. For fear of their documents being destroyed by the SS, von Braun ordered the blueprints to be hidden in an abandoned iron mine in the

8692: 3090: 3214:(2016) includes a fictionalized description of the search for and capture of von Braun by the U.S. Army, and his role in the Nazi V-2 program and subsequently in the U.S. space program. 13714: 7364:

Astronautical and Aeronautical Events of 1962 – Report of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to the Committee on Science and Astronautics, U.S. House of Representatives

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that would train children in fields of science and space technologies, as well as help their mental development much the same way sports camps aim at improving physical development.

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Von Braun's later attitude toward the Nazi regime of the late 1930s and early 1940s was complex. He said that he had been so influenced by the early Nazi promise of release from the

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In 1970, Huntsville, Alabama, honored von Braun's years of service with a series of events including the unveiling of a plaque in his honor. Pictured (l–r), his daughter Iris, wife

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to join the party would have meant that I would have to abandon the work of my life. Therefore, I decided to join. My membership in the party did not involve any political activity.

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by Joseph Kanon. Von Braun and other scientists are said to have been implicated in the use of slave labor at Peenemünde; their transfer to the U.S. forms part of the narrative.

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insisted on two successful flights with dogs before risking Gagarin's life on a crewed attempt. The second test flight took place one day after the Mercury-Redstone BD mission.

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Bucher, G. C.; Mc Call, J. C.; Ordway, F. I. III; Stuhlinger, E. (23 March 1962). "From Peenemuende to Outer Space. Commemorating the Fiftieth Birthday of Wernher von Braun".

2983:– a documentary by Aron Ranen. Interviews with Ernst Stuhlinger, Konrad Dannenberg, Karl Sendler, Alex Baum, Eli Rosenbaum (DOJ) and von Braun's NASA secretary Bonnie Holmes. 2547:, one of his top affiliates from the A-4/V2 through the Apollo projects, agreed to renounce his U.S. citizenship and emigrate in exchange for not being tried for war crimes. 1913:

allowing observation of essentially every point on Earth on at least a daily basis. The ultimate purpose of the space station was to provide an assembly platform for crewed

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prisoner, stated that von Braun stood by as prisoners were hanged by chains suspended by cranes. However, these accounts may have been a case of mistaken identity. Former

943:

rocketry and space travel. A place of honor should be reserved in the history of science and technology for his ground-breaking contributions in the field of astronautics.

721:. He is also sometimes described by others as the "father of space travel", the "father of rocket science", or the "father of the American lunar program". He advocated a 14592: 2250:

in Huntsville. The desk from which he guided America's entry into the Space Race remains on display there. He also was instrumental in the launching of the experimental

13095: 2559:

survivor David Salz gave a speech in Friedberg, calling out to the public to "Do everything to make this name disappear from this school!". The gymnasium was renamed "

2401:

engaged in was a means to an end to provide him with the necessary freedom to conduct his experiments." This included time spent in the Nazi party during World War 2.

1597:

In early April, as the Allied forces advanced deeper into Germany, Kammler ordered the engineering team, around 450 specialists, to be moved by train into the town of

1082:

In spring 1940, one SS-Standartenführer (SS-Colonel) Müller from Greifswald, a bigger town in the vicinity of Peenemünde, looked me up in my office...and told me that

3178:

knows is transformation. Everything science has taught me, and continues to teach me, strengthens my belief in the continuity of our spiritual existence after death."

1886:

to publish his concepts, which, unsurprisingly, were heavy on the engineering side and anticipated many technical aspects of space flight that later became reality.

1360:

asked: "Are you with us and will you test the rocket in the air? Then, Warsitz, you will be a famous man. And later we will fly to the Moon – with you at the helm!"

3065:

television series (2019): "Red Moon" (Season 1, episode 1), "He Built the Saturn V" (Season 1, episode 2), "Home Again" (Season 1, episode 6) – von Braun played by

2254:. He traveled to India and hoped that the program would be helpful in bringing a massive educational television project to help the poorest people in that country. 1524:, Reichsminister for Munitions and War Production, persuaded Hitler to reinstate von Braun so that the V-2 program could continue or turn into a "V-4 program" (the 13117: 6447:. Apogee Books Publication; ed. by Irene E. Powell-Willhite: These touch "a variety of topics, including education, the cold war, religion, and the space program". 1712:

approved the transfer of von Braun and his specialists to the United States as one of his last acts in office. This was announced to the public on 1 October 1945.

14557: 5708: 1375:(a large field about 70 km (43 mi) east of Berlin, listed as a reserve airfield in the event of war), one of these latter aircraft was flown with its 14502: 1383:

and the fuselage having been on fire, it proved to official circles that an aircraft could be flown satisfactorily with a back-thrust system through the rear.

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at Redstone Arsenal in 1963; President Kennedy was the initiator of the American lunar program in 1961, and von Braun was appointed its technical director.

717:

Von Braun is a highly controversial figure widely seen as escaping justice for his Nazi war crimes due to the Americans' desire to beat the Soviets in the

7607: 1006:, wrote that ten years after von Braun obtained his Nazi Party membership, he signed an affidavit for the U.S. Army, though he stated the incorrect year: 13536: 9221: 7271: 972: 8419: 4002: 3786: 1657:

According to Dornberger, there the Soviets tried to kidnap von Braun at night using English uniforms: Americans recognized this and didn't let them in.

815:. Von Braun learned to play both the cello and the piano at an early age and at one time wanted to become a composer. He took lessons from the composer 14577: 14497: 6390: 2243:

on its historic eight-day mission. Over the course of the program, Saturn V rockets enabled six teams of astronauts to reach the surface of the Moon.

1482:

Von Braun stated that he replied that the problems were merely technical and he was confident that they would be solved with Dornberger's assistance.

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In an internal memo dated 16 January 1969, von Braun had confirmed to his staff that he would stay on as a center director at Huntsville to head the

2084:

of his service for the Third Reich". Having "concluded one bad bargain with the Devil, perhaps now he felt a need to have God securely at his side".

14517: 5308: 3350:

The proposed vertical take-off interceptor for climbing to 35,000 ft in 60 seconds was rejected by the Luftwaffe in the autumn of 1941 for the

3124:, von Braun is a supporting character, settling in Britain after World War II, and being essential for the realization of the British space program. 2307:

After leaving NASA, von Braun moved to the Washington, D.C. area and became vice president for Engineering and Development at the aerospace company

5648:

Arts & Entertainment, Biography (1959–1961 series). Mike Wallace, television biography of Wernher von Braun, video clip of the press statement.

1769:

While at Fort Bliss, they trained military, industrial, and university personnel in the intricacies of rockets and guided missiles. As part of the

963: 14617: 7930: 7137:"Von Braun, Who Helped Put Men on Moon, Dies at 65: German-Born Scientist Succumbs to Pancreatic Cancer; Was Pioneer in Space Rocket Technology". 7017: 4857: 14542: 13228: 8516: 6336: 1990:

In the hope that its involvement would bring about greater public interest in the future of the space program, von Braun also began working with

1146: 3920: 2433:

In January 1943, von Braun became engaged to Dorothee Brill, a physical education teacher in Berlin, and he sought permission to marry from the

6859: 5978: 4331: 2941:– a 1999 biographical film on the life of Homer Hickam and his fascination with rockets, who is inspired by von Braun (played by Joe Digaetran) 1998:

as a technical director, initially for three television films about space exploration. The initial broadcast devoted to space exploration was

14532: 14309: 14234: 13721: 8807: 7816: 6812: 1028:, that his patriotic feelings had increased. In a 1952 memoir article he admitted that, at that time, he "fared relatively rather well under 13065: 4253: 888:

to his father for disciplinary action. The incident highlighted the young von Braun's determination to "dedicate his life to space travel".

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agencies were aware of the rocket program and von Braun's team at Peenemünde, based on the intelligence provided by the Polish underground

904: 3144:

has been credited with mocking von Braun by suggesting Braun's book "I aim at the stars", needed a subtitle: "But sometimes I hit London."

14582: 14015: 13991: 13017: 7986: 2104:

pastor C. M. Ward and stated that "The farther we probe into space, the greater my faith." In addition, he met privately with evangelist

1424: 756:(1878–1972), was a civil servant and conservative politician; he served as Minister of Agriculture in the federal government during the 14627: 14572: 13937: 13350: 6051: 2487:

in Alexandria. His gravestone cites Psalm 19:1: "The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handywork" (KJV).

2074:, El Paso County, Texas, and underwent a religious conversion to Evangelical Christianity. In an unnamed religious magazine he stated: 6991: 6771: 3468:, Garden City, New York: Anchor Press/Doubleday, (1979). With Frederick I. Ordway III. Von Braun's final work, completed posthumously. 3000: 2996: 2992: 2987: 14427: 14417: 14025: 13944: 8400: 5599: 2686: 1641:

to the Soviets, U.S. Army Major Robert B. Staver, Chief of the Jet Propulsion Section of the Research and Intelligence Branch of the

819:. The few pieces of von Braun's youthful compositions that exist are reminiscent of Hindemith's style. He could play piano pieces of 7244: 6001: 5179: 1882:

and were influential in spreading his ideas. Frequently, von Braun worked with fellow German-born space advocate and science writer

14562: 14422: 14020: 8850: 8260: 5380: 4600: 3721: 3559: 2921:(1977) – the main character, a Filipino who dreams of spaceflight, established a Wernher von Braun fan club in Laguna, Philippines. 2484: 2464: 1724: 1214:(A) series of rockets. The first successful launch of an A-4 took place on 3 October 1942. The A-4 rocket became well known as the 125: 7900: 7055: 5789: 1312: 14447: 14437: 14329: 14062: 9214: 8706: 7875: 5146: 4968: 4433: 3754: 3077:(fictional web television series on Amazon Prime Video, 2020): "The Jewish Question" (Season 1, episode 8) – von Braun played by 2925: 1680:'s engines. The specific information the British gleaned remained top secret, both from the Americans and from the other allies. 1015:

It has not been ascertained whether von Braun's error with regard to the year was deliberate or a simple mistake. Neufeld wrote:

5403: 2807: 14442: 14432: 13206: 13201: 8508: 8029: 7158:

Wernher von Braun, the master rocket builder and pioneer of space travel, died of cancer Thursday morning. He was 65 years old.

3621: 2913:'s documentary report "The Secret of Huntsville"; von Braun (only referred to as the "rocket baron") played by Dietrich Körner. 1617: 2779: 482: 14507: 14467: 14452: 13907: 13345: 13077: 8492: 7362: 3701: 3098: 2341:

board of directors. However, his deteriorating health forced him to retire from Fairchild on 31 December 1976. When the 1975

1167: 6485:"The Farther We Probe Into Space, the Greater My Faith ...": C.M. Ward's Account of His Interview with Dr. Wernher Von Braun 6483: 5067: 3846: 2476:

awarded him the country's highest science honor, the National Medal of Science in Engineering. He was too ill to attend the

2397:, producing the Saturn V. The C-4 design had a large crossbeam that could easily absorb the thrust of an additional engine. 14457: 14304: 14111: 13634: 9479: 3476:, Apogee Books, Toronto (2006). A previously unpublished science fiction story by von Braun. Accompanied by paintings from 2483:

Von Braun died on 16 June 1977 of pancreatic cancer in Alexandria, Virginia, at age 65. He is buried on Valley Road at the

673: 5347: 1223: 1126:

In 1932, von Braun received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Mechanical Engineering from Technische Hochschule Berlin (now

14522: 14477: 13887: 13861: 13817: 7188: 5301:"Aide says von Braun wasn't able to stop slave horrors; Objection would have gotten rocket pioneer shot, Dannenberg says" 3169:. Von Braun and other German scientists are brought to the U.S. and form a vital part of the U.S. efforts to reach space. 2786: 883:

was highly influential on von Braun as a teenage space enthusiast. He was so enthusiastic after seeing one of the public

14567: 8254: 4727: 841: 14121: 13023: 11799: 9207: 8378: 8351: 8332: 8291: 8268: 8243: 8213: 8177: 8143: 8116: 7227: 6937: 6629: 6606: 6369: 6286: 6264: 6215: 6184: 6114: 5884: 5756: 5691: 5633: 5576: 5526: 5479: 5460: 5413: 5357: 5331: 5276: 5253: 5207: 5107: 5007: 4924: 4792: 4769: 4700: 4662: 4625: 4584: 4495: 4416: 4345: 4301: 4287: 4151: 4101: 3986: 3493: 3448: 2862: 2760: 2560: 2434: 6089: 2219:

for crewed Moon flights was developed. Von Braun initially pushed for a flight engineering concept that called for an

1339:

In 1936, von Braun's rocketry team working at Kummersdorf investigated installing liquid-fuelled rockets in aircraft.

1140: 14527: 14487: 13977: 13897: 13531: 12995: 8800: 8412: 6228: 5227:"Wernher von Braun, the SS, and Concentration Camp Labor: Questions of Moral, Political, and Criminal Responsibility" 5061: 4523:"Wernher von Braun, the SS, and Concentration Camp Labor: Questions of Moral, Political, and Criminal Responsibility" 3883:"Wernher von Braun, the SS, and Concentration Camp Labor: Questions of Moral, Political, and Criminal Responsibility" 2826: 2393:", but acknowledged that the designs worked. The conservative approach paid off when a fifth engine was added to the 2308: 2251: 1716: 1642: 652:

As a young man, von Braun worked in Nazi Germany's rocket development program. He helped design and co-developed the

601: 8470: 8406: 2164:

NASA was established by law on 29 July 1958. One day later, the 50th Redstone rocket was successfully launched from

14324: 14272: 14030: 13617: 13526: 13233: 13216: 12971: 8397:

BBC journalist Reg Turnill talking in 2011 about his personal memories of and interviews with Dr Wernher von Braun.

7717: 2793: 2390: 2096: 1706: 6464: 4865: 4669:

It had been thought that he publicly wore his uniform with swastika armband just once, during one of two formal...

3526: 3102:(2023): Dr. Jürgen Voller, the film's main antagonist, is inspired partly on von Braun according to his performer 1735:

in Maryland to sort out the Peenemünde documents, enabling the scientists to continue their rocketry experiments.

1127: 1118:(Major). Von Braun later stated that these were simply technical promotions received each year regularly by mail. 892: 159: 13491: 11831: 7788: 7445: 6428:

von Braun, Wernher (1963) "My Faith: A Space-Age Scientist Tells Why He Must Believe in God", (10 February 1963)

2185: 707: 699: 684:

on a series of films, which popularized the idea of human space travel in the U.S. and beyond from 1955 to 1957.

8456: 7152:"Wernher von Braun, Rocket Pioneer, Dies; Wernher von Braun, Pioneer in Space Travel and Rocketry, Dies at 65". 6174: 5324:

A History of the Dora Camp: The Untold Story of the Nazi Slave Labor Camp That Secretly Manufactured V-2 Rockets

4759: 4615: 3638:

During the time he was in Huntsville, Dr. Braun told everyone that his name was pronounced like the color Brown.

3245:

becomes aware of his Nazi past and tries to inspire awareness and outrage. Von Braun is a character in the play.

1629:

The American high command was well aware of how important their catch was: von Braun had been at the top of the

1395:

whereas von Braun's engines were powered by alcohol and liquid oxygen, Walter engines had hydrogen peroxide and

1379:

shut down during flight by Warsitz, at which time it was propelled by von Braun's rocket power alone. Despite a

14104: 14094: 13792: 8967: 8860: 8835: 7847: 7618: 7437: 5843: 4955: 4208: 3472: 2764: 2724: 2673: 2345:

was awarded to him in early 1977, he had been hospitalized, and was unable to attend the White House ceremony.

1983: 1025: 804: 14612: 13035: 6104: 3660: 2775: 1723:, just south of Wilmington, Delaware. They were then flown to Boston, Massachusetts, and taken by boat to the 14297: 13137: 13132: 9444: 8926: 8840: 8764: 8749: 8721: 8427: 6800:

Wernher von Braun: The Authoritative and Definitive Biographical Profile of the Father of Modern Space Flight

6176:

Wernher Von Braun: The Authoritative and Definitive Biographical Profile of the Father of Modern Space Flight

5571:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA History Office, Office of Policy and Plans. p. 8. 4761:

Wernher Von Braun: The Authoritative and Definitive Biographical Profile of the Father of Modern Space Flight

4010: 3794: 3049: 2235:. His dream to help mankind set foot on the Moon became a reality on 16 July 1969, when a Marshall-developed 2212: 2130: 1813: 1103:

to do. He replied on the spot that if I wanted to continue our mutual work, I had no alternative but to join.

1003: 951:, von Braun was able to pursue a career as a rocket scientist in Germany due to a "curious oversight" in the 451: 7170: 1505:

The unsuspecting von Braun was detained on 14 March (or 15 March), 1944, and was taken to a Gestapo cell in

1440:

concentration camp, where 20,000 died from illness, beatings, hangings, and intolerable working conditions.

14552: 13960: 13829: 13083: 13053: 12161: 9188: 8793: 8542: 2386: 2247: 1918: 1894: 1875: 1848: 1613: 1594:

the injury, he had to be hospitalized again a month later when his bones had to be rebroken and realigned.

1183:

research grant for von Braun, who then worked next to Dornberger's existing solid-fuel rocket test site at

760:. His mother, Emmy von Quistorp (1886–1959), traced her ancestry through both parents to medieval European 692: 6571: 2227:

concept that was subsequently realized. During Apollo, he worked closely with former Peenemünde teammate,

1947: 996:. He applied for membership in the Party on 12 November 1937, and was issued membership number 5,738,692. 896: 14314: 14261: 14224: 14183: 14077: 13782: 13762: 13677: 13501: 13240: 13186: 12964: 11913: 10699: 10201: 9619: 9003: 8916: 8716: 8652: 7463: 4891: 3253: 3061: 2970: 2262: 1796:, his home for the next 20 years. From 1952 to 1956, von Braun led the Army's rocket development team at 7408: 6954: 6026: 2223:

technique (the approach he had argued for building his space station), but in 1962, he converted to the

14512: 14397: 14116: 14057: 13932: 13844: 13574: 13440: 12869: 12133: 9859: 8865: 8701: 8394: 6911:"The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details | NSF - National Science Foundation" 5926: 3351: 3281: 3275: 1778: 1579: 8498:

Wernher von Braun Collection, The University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections

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A Minimum Satellite Vehicle Based on Components Available from Developments of the Army Ordnance Corps

2329:, in 1975, and became its first president and chairman. In 1976, he became a scientific consultant to 2149:

The U.S. Navy had been tasked with building a rocket to lift satellites into orbit, but the resulting

1889:

The space station (to be constructed using rockets with recoverable and reusable ascent stages) was a

1715:

In September 1945, von Braun and other members of the Peenemünde team signed a work contract with the

1473:

According to André Sellier, a French historian and survivor of the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp,

14622: 14154: 14072: 14067: 13741: 13196: 13154: 11108: 10657: 9542: 9230: 9013: 8998: 8657: 8413:

Missile to Moon: PBS documentary about evolution of Huntsville to "Rocket City" and Werhner von Braun

8057: 7991: 5169: 3928: 3359: 3287: 2712: 2440:

During his stay at Fort Bliss, von Braun proposed marriage to Maria Luise von Quistorp, his maternal

2342: 2088: 1720: 753: 711: 322: 261: 9199: 8503:

Dorette Schlidt Collection, The University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections

7274:[Dispute over the Wernher von Braun Gymnasium "Do everything to make this name disappear"]. 5986: 5739:

The United States and Germany in the Era of the Cold War, 1945–1990: A Handbook: Volume 1: 1945–1968

14607: 14267: 14191: 13465: 13041: 12557: 12003: 11126: 10959: 9028: 8906: 8901: 8845: 8616: 8611: 3309:, in which von Braun features as a character. The album includes a song called "Wernher von Braun". 3223: 3072: 2894:

suggested the subtitle "But Sometimes I Hit London", the line appears in the film, spoken by actor

2622:

left SS after graduation from the school; commissioned in 1940 with date of entry backdated to 1934

2500: 2374: 2322: 2288: 1928: 1195: 537: 7824: 6822: 6543:: "Space superiority: Wernher von Braun's campaign for a nuclear-armed space station, 1946–1956". 5804: 3838: 2007:

Later (in 1959) von Braun published a short booklet, condensed from episodes that had appeared in

853:. In 1928, his parents moved him to the Hermann-Lietz-Internat (also a residential school) on the 14462: 14099: 14036: 14011: 13856: 13709: 13644: 13355: 13316: 13275: 13176: 11868: 10582: 9707: 8875: 8870: 8104: 7961: 4833: 4261: 3564: 3554: 3436: 2887: 2753: 2556: 2063: 1774: 1732: 1693: 1609:

who made it to the mountains left their location to flee to advancing American lines in Austria.

1587: 1509:(now Szczecin, Poland). where he was held for two weeks without knowing the charges against him. 1239:. The Allies realised that the V-2 was a machine, unlike anything they had developed themselves. 1078:

and issued membership number 185,068. In 1947, he gave the U.S. War Department this explanation:

836: 800: 11136: 8538: 6686:"Concluding Remarks by Dr. Wernher von Braun about Mode Selection for the Lunar Landing Program" 5197: 3950: 2157:, a belief grew within the United States that it lagged behind the Soviet Union in the emerging 1448:

inmate Adam Cabala stated that von Braun went to the concentration camp to pick slave laborers:

14472: 14339: 14282: 13804: 13787: 13733: 13696: 13496: 13470: 13425: 13181: 12856: 12425: 12325: 12312: 12138: 11268: 11242: 11214: 10888: 10762: 10546: 10050: 10002: 9684: 9555: 9337: 9150: 8855: 8581: 8502: 8497: 7643: 7492: 6973: 4652: 3574: 3161: 3133: 2966: 2961: 2800: 2705: 2326: 2224: 2220: 2109: 1970: 1860:

in 1957, the American leadership agreed to von Braun's main role in the design of space rockets

1322: 1289: 773: 4744:

Konstruktive, theoretische und experimentelle Beiträge zu dem Problem der Flüssigkeitsrakete.

2358:

flight took the launch slot that might have put Alan Shepard into space, three weeks ahead of

1112:(Second lieutenant) and was promoted three times by Himmler, the last time in June 1943 to SS- 1002:, an author of aerospace history and chief of the Space History Division at the Smithsonian's 784:, who served as Secretary of State in the Foreign Office in the 1970s, and a younger brother, 14374: 14287: 14277: 14219: 14089: 14084: 13925: 13590: 13552: 13521: 13430: 13329: 13311: 13211: 12916: 12302: 12284: 12184: 12097: 11464: 10909: 9940: 9725: 9537: 9385: 9084: 9054: 8830: 8667: 7063: 6277: 5672:

Helen Fry, "'The Walls Have Ears, Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-23860-0, 2019, p. 262

5231: 4031: 3579: 3407: 3259: 2718: 2679: 2378: 1960: 1709: 1634: 1582:

managed to unveil the location after lengthy interrogations of von Braun, Walter Dornberger,

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program, and he developed the rockets that launched the United States' first space satellite

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To Touch the Face of God: The Sacred, the Profane, and the American Space Program, 1957–1975

6006:. Scientific and Technical Information Branch, National Aeronautics and Space Administration 4705:. Scientific and Technical Information Office, National Aeronautics and Space Administration 4254:"Recollections of Childhood: Early Experiences in Rocketry as Told by Werner von Braun 1963" 4067:

Von Ostpreußen bis Texas. Erlebnisse und zeitgeschichtliche Betrachtungen eines Ostdeutschen

3053:

television series (2019): "Operation Paperclip" (Season 1, episode 4) – von Braun played by

2404:

During his time in NASA, he opposed racial segregation which brought him into conflict with

483:

Konstruktive, theoretische und experimentelle Beiträge zu dem Problem der Flüssigkeitsrakete

14412: 14407: 14402: 13917: 13420: 13305: 13223: 13191: 13127: 13122: 12887: 12851: 12760: 12705: 12604: 12486: 12478: 12448: 12292: 12269: 12148: 11900: 11823: 11090: 11045: 10972: 10870: 10725: 10644: 10551: 10099: 10030: 9920: 9907: 9743: 9601: 9591: 9578: 9573: 9175: 9145: 8591: 8034: 7499:. Beatrice, Nebraska. Associated Press. 26 July 1982. p. 3 – via Newspapers.com. 6782: 5735:"Overcast, Paperclip, Osoaviakhim – Looting and the Transfer of German Military Technology" 5625: 5619: 5033:. Esslingan: Bechtle Verlag (US translation V-2 Viking Press: New York, 1954). p. 164. 4337: 3413: 3328: 3173: 3033: 2949:(a 2003-made 26-episode anime series): his name was used as a spacecraft name, which has a 2609: 2315: 2232: 2169: 1995: 1853: 1751: 1396: 1257: 952: 919:

for doctoral studies and graduated with a doctorate in physics in 1934. He also studied at

916: 820: 765: 466: 165: 129: 113: 10780: 8476: 6314: 5937: 5603: 5349:

The Army Air Forces in World War II: Europe, argument to V-E Day, January 1944 to May 1945

5053: 2866:

which originally aired on 9 March 1955, 28 December 1955 and 4 December 1957 respectively.

1773:, they helped refurbish, assemble, and launch a number of V-2s that had been shipped from 8: 14204: 14170: 13701: 13682: 13271: 13059: 12937: 12700: 12692: 12645: 12406: 12353: 12335: 12176: 12079: 11794: 11305: 11292: 11183: 11077: 10998: 10846: 10812: 10767: 10738: 10707: 10621: 10597: 10538: 10350: 10319: 10073: 9925: 9786: 9781: 9766: 9550: 9155: 9140: 9109: 8816: 8737: 8711: 8631: 8546: 8014: 6458: 6430: 4837: 4226: 4174: 3242: 2698: 2567: 2551: 2355: 2125: 1870: 1793: 1673: 1669: 1513: 1277: 1066:. He left the following year. In 1940, von Braun joined the SS and was given the rank of 781: 703: 665: 316: 281: 11807: 8465: 5388: 3864:"How Historians Are Reckoning With the Former Nazi Who Launched America's Space Program" 2648: 2630: 1612:

Von Braun and several members of the engineering team, including Dornberger, made it to

1068: 14001: 13579: 13486: 13460: 13400: 13384: 13360: 12809: 12627: 12534: 12381: 12307: 11663: 11499: 11432: 11381: 11149: 11072: 10917: 10796: 10775: 10712: 10510: 10345: 10221: 10196: 10178: 10128: 9902: 9887: 9874: 9869: 9846: 9666: 9568: 9377: 9165: 9160: 8911: 8880: 8682: 8318: 8232: 7908: 7852: 6540: 6501: 6345: 5781: 5709:"Fact check: Nazi scientists were brought to work for U.S. through Operation Paperclip" 5222: 4550: 4402: 3902: 3750: 3689: 3546: 3054: 3014: 3008: 2917: 2895: 2870: 2692: 2613: 2520: 2201: 2192: 2181: 2018:

flight schedule used a rocket design with five sequential stages, loosely based on the

2009: 1906: 1665: 1416: 1356: 1285: 1235:

The engineer who designed the V2, Wernher von Braun, came to be feted as a hero of the

1155: 999: 742: 669: 620: 91: 8473:, Houston Section of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (archived) 7018:"VON BRAUN FIGHTS ALABAMA RACISM; Scientist Warns State U.S. Might Close Space Center" 5896: 5154: 4976: 3241:, weaves von Braun's real life with a fictional plot in which a young Jewish woman in 2657: 2639: 2528: 1898: 1731:

in Boston Harbor. Later, with the exception of von Braun, the men were transferred to

1494: 1114: 1083: 379: 13965: 13849: 13809: 13769: 13689: 13649: 13516: 13506: 13254: 12882: 12822: 12814: 12778: 12666: 12653: 12609: 12570: 12524: 12501: 12453: 12440: 12391: 12358: 12212: 12143: 12011: 11966: 11789: 11770: 11765: 11700: 11650: 11557: 11456: 11365: 11360: 11328: 11315: 11297: 11260: 11255: 11250: 11232: 11224: 11131: 11064: 11037: 11032: 11011: 10980: 10896: 10691: 10678: 10639: 10592: 10369: 10288: 10252: 10247: 10206: 10086: 10017: 9892: 9791: 9629: 9606: 9345: 9119: 8621: 8601: 8374: 8357: 8347: 8328: 8306: 8287: 8264: 8239: 8209: 8173: 8139: 8112: 8111:. Apogee Books Space Series 36. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell. pp. 308, 425, 509. 7793: 7223: 7192: 7100: 6933: 6707: 6643: 6635: 6625: 6525: 6365: 6282: 6260: 6211: 6180: 6110: 5880: 5839: 5687: 5629: 5572: 5547: 5522: 5456: 5409: 5353: 5327: 5272: 5249: 5203: 5124: 5103: 5057: 5026: 5003: 4951: 4920: 4765: 4681: 4658: 4621: 4580: 4542: 4412: 4406: 4351: 4341: 4283: 4204: 4147: 4124: 4097: 3982: 3697: 3644: 3489: 3477: 3444: 3238: 3206: 3199: 3191: 3120: 2445: 2101: 1937: 1923:

drew heavily on the design concept in its visualization of an orbital space station.

1879: 1838: 1805: 1801: 1583: 1550: 1546: 1486: 1458: 1391: 1380: 1205: 1176: 1151: 1044:" who was "wholly without scruples, a godless man who thought himself the only god". 976: 738: 429: 87: 6456:

See the same article by von Braun, Wernher, published as "Science and religion", in

3625: 1719:. On 20 September 1945, the first seven technicians arrived in the United States at 14198: 13839: 13450: 13301: 13029: 13008: 12765: 12710: 12562: 12542: 12491: 12468: 12458: 12373: 12274: 12236: 12207: 12189: 12115: 12087: 12024: 11998: 11979: 11752: 11739: 11708: 11448: 11440: 11273: 11113: 11024: 10901: 10825: 10670: 10649: 10564: 10492: 10426: 10314: 10270: 10257: 10239: 10234: 10060: 10025: 9997: 9992: 9963: 9953: 9930: 9915: 9864: 9761: 9560: 9452: 9353: 9284: 9124: 9094: 9023: 9018: 8957: 8942: 8754: 8596: 8576: 7904: 7371: 7272:"Streit um Wernher-von-Braun-Gymnasium "Tut alles, damit dieser Name verschwindet"" 5943: 4534: 3894: 3611:

Editor, ÖGV. (2015). Wilhelm Exner Medal. Austrian Trade Association. ÖGV. Austria.

3518: 3395: 3387: 3128: 3042: 2853: 2571: 2370: 2318:, which could not be controlled with the medical techniques available at the time. 2281: 2119:

Von Braun developed and published his space station concept during the time of the

2059: 2027: 1965: 1910: 1893:

structure, with a diameter of 250 feet (76 m); this built on the concept of a

1797: 1661: 1489:

surveillance since October 1943. A secret report stated that he and his colleagues

1474: 1301: 1210: 839:, where he did not do well in physics and mathematics. There he acquired a copy of 785: 642: 613: 550: 544: 494: 456: 287: 3411:, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York (1960). Portions of work first appeared in 14177: 14147: 13610: 13584: 13511: 13435: 13410: 13405: 13365: 13281: 12843: 12835: 12830: 12796: 12783: 12773: 12723: 12718: 12684: 12637: 12632: 12580: 12519: 12496: 12348: 12340: 12279: 12246: 12231: 12029: 11942: 11934: 11905: 11839: 11747: 11668: 11408: 11400: 11373: 11352: 11323: 11310: 11154: 11144: 11103: 11085: 11003: 10788: 10626: 10569: 10515: 10392: 10374: 10327: 10296: 10149: 10012: 10007: 9973: 9968: 9836: 9823: 9771: 9738: 9715: 9679: 9436: 9305: 9170: 9069: 9064: 9008: 8983: 8947: 8759: 8662: 8626: 8460: 8322: 8167: 8133: 7297: 6817: 6685: 6359: 6340: 6254: 5874: 5510: 5266: 5174: 5046: 4914: 4731: 4275: 4200: 4141: 4091: 3976: 3153: 3021: 2974: 2930: 2857: 2844:

Von Braun has been featured in a number of films and television shows or series:

2532: 2441: 2421: 2382: 2273: 2150: 2023: 1761: 1747: 1586:

and Dieter Huzel and recovered 14 tons of V-2 documents by 15 May 1945, from the

1387: 1037: 1029: 932: 864:. Space travel had always fascinated him, and from then on he applied himself to 757: 400: 394: 8344:

Missiles for the Fatherland: Peenemuende, National Socialism and the V-2 missile

8324:

The Rocket and the Reich: Peenemünde and the Coming of the Ballistic Missile Era

7585: 5048:

The Rocket and the Reich: Peenemünde and the Coming of the Ballistic Missile Era

4617:

The Rocket and the Reich: Peenemunde and the Coming of the Ballistic Missile Era

3863: 3391:, Urbana, University of Illinois Press, (1953). With Henry J. White, translator. 3094:(1964): Dr Strangelove is usually held to be based at least partly on von Braun. 2883: 1963:

that used the space station as a staging point. His initial plans, published in

1828:, on 31 January 1958. This event signaled the birth of America's space program. 1300:

The V-2 became the first artificial object to travel into space by crossing the

14334: 14214: 13971: 13657: 13455: 13445: 13291: 13286: 13144: 12924: 12877: 12791: 12755: 12514: 12506: 12473: 12430: 12241: 12128: 11971: 11918: 11881: 11860: 11726: 11713: 11676: 11655: 11645: 11621: 11602: 11549: 11507: 11424: 11237: 11188: 11159: 10993: 10875: 10851: 10804: 10733: 10665: 10634: 10574: 10533: 10505: 10421: 10413: 10265: 10183: 10107: 10081: 10055: 10045: 10035: 9948: 9879: 9851: 9818: 9810: 9697: 9692: 9642: 9529: 9487: 9420: 9369: 9329: 9324: 9297: 9265: 9099: 9089: 9044: 8988: 8885: 8606: 8447: 8442: 8088:. Hamburg: Gerhard Stalling Verlag (English translation 1965). pp. 89, 95. 6319: 6027:"Yes, the 'Von Braun' Space Hotel Idea Is Wild. But Could We Build It by 2025?" 5565:

Dunar, Andrew J.; Administration, U. S. National Aeronautics and Space (1999).

4120: 4047:

Spires, Shelby G. (27 June 2003). "Von Braun's brother dies; aided surrender".

3532: 3319: 3302: 3211: 3166: 3103: 2905: 2544: 2516: 2451:

On 15 April 1955, von Braun became a naturalized citizen of the United States.

2405: 2363: 2216: 2165: 2071: 2039: 1909:, and was assembled in a 1,075-mile (1,730 km) two-hour, high-inclination 1890: 1857: 1770: 1437: 1428: 1348: 876: 850: 816: 499: 195: 14598:

Recipients of the President's Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service

8234:

Stages to Saturn: A Technological History of the Apollo/Saturn Launch Vehicles

7957: 7196: 5920: 3500:

A collection of speeches delivered by von Braun over the course of his career.

3369:'Survey' of Previous Liquid Rocket Development in Germany and Future Prospects 2531:, a staff member in Peenemünde and later head of the German collective in the 2268: 1927:

30 rocket propulsion engines. Upon arrival, astronauts would establish a

1553:(on the right) surrendered to the Americans just before this 3 May 1945 photo. 1096:] a very definite desire of Himmler that I attend his invitation to join. 803:, in 1915, where his father worked at the Ministry of the Interior. After his 14391: 14362: 14344: 14239: 14229: 14161: 14006: 13639: 13370: 13149: 12801: 12619: 12585: 12575: 12435: 12401: 12320: 12264: 12259: 12251: 12199: 12171: 12166: 12120: 12037: 11950: 11876: 11852: 11760: 11570: 11562: 11344: 11336: 11206: 11019: 10985: 10967: 10883: 10838: 10833: 10743: 10587: 10528: 10523: 10497: 10405: 10400: 10306: 10301: 10283: 10275: 10226: 10159: 10154: 10094: 10068: 9748: 9730: 9702: 9634: 9614: 9583: 9471: 9428: 9361: 9292: 9079: 9074: 9049: 8921: 8647: 8571: 8566: 8488: 8361: 8274: 7771: 6598: 5518: 5405:

Stages to Saturn: A Technological History of the Apollo/Saturn Launch Vehicle

5199:

Dark Side of the Moon: Wernher von Braun, the Third Reich, and the Space Race

4546: 4327: 4143:

Dark Side of the Moon: Wernher Von Braun, the Third Reich, and the Space Race

3569: 3355: 3078: 2950: 2508: 2504: 2314:

In 1973, during a routine physical examination, von Braun was diagnosed with

2228: 2208: 2035: 2019: 2015: 1865: 1651: 1602: 1376: 1372: 1352: 1344: 1340: 1074: 948: 746: 646: 629: 358: 95: 11637: 7370:, U.S. Government Printing Office, 12 June 1963, p. 217, archived from 6647: 5947: 5876:

Red Moon Rising: Sputnik and the Hidden Rivalries That Ignited the Space Age

4355: 4305: 3462:, Garden City, New York: Anchor Press, (1976). With Frederick I. Ordway III. 2369:

Von Braun took a conservative approach to engineering, designing with ample

2246:

During the late 1960s, von Braun was instrumental in the development of the

1562: 1163: 1131: 955:

which did not include rocketry in its list of weapons forbidden to Germany.

920: 657: 14209: 13776: 12929: 12911: 12906: 12736: 12731: 12679: 12614: 12547: 12396: 12363: 12330: 12194: 12105: 11847: 11815: 11681: 11594: 11219: 11196: 10817: 10720: 10382: 10337: 10332: 10211: 10141: 10123: 10115: 10040: 9958: 9828: 9776: 9753: 9671: 9624: 9596: 9393: 9114: 8482: 8420:"The Disney-Von Braun Collaboration and Its Influence on Space Exploration" 7694: 6557: 6081: 5963: 4842: 3972: 3816: 3787:"The Disney-Von Braun Collaboration and Its Influence on Space Exploration" 3187: 3115: 2910: 2849: 2359: 2338: 2197: 2105: 2000: 1941: 1647: 1598: 1521: 1490: 1478: 1465:: "If he had done it, in my opinion, he would have been shot on the spot." 1412: 1294: 1269: 1159: 993: 908: 903:

in his liquid-fueled rocket motor tests in conjunction with others such as

761: 661: 638: 345: 14538:

Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany

8284:

How we got to the Moon: The Story of the German Space Pioneers (Paperback)

7931:"Florida Symphony Orchestra And Bach Festival Choir – Journey To Infinity" 7318: 6529: 5961:

von Braun, Wernher; Ryan, Cornelius (27 June 1953). "Baby Space Station".

2459: 2054:

In the first half of his life, von Braun was a nonpracticing, perfunctory

13171: 13047: 12864: 12671: 12552: 12529: 12463: 12386: 12368: 12156: 12110: 12092: 12016: 11926: 11578: 11472: 11416: 11095: 10686: 10616: 10556: 10473: 10431: 10216: 9935: 9897: 9720: 9412: 8586: 7775: 3263: 3226:(2019) covers 5 days of von Braun's group in Peenemünde in November 1944. 2937: 2527:

In a TV interview on the occasion of the U.S. Moon landing in July 1969,

2477: 2473: 2330: 2055: 2031: 1991: 1977: 1951: 1932: 1728: 1567: 1558: 1184: 1059:

Von Braun joined the SS horseback riding school on 1 November 1933 as an

912: 854: 681: 51: 20: 8346:. Cambridge Centennial of Flight. New York: Cambridge University Press. 7789:"Indiana Jones 5 Will Pit Indy Against Nazis Again, In 1969 – Exclusive" 7742: 7669: 7560: 7535: 7510: 7247:[Friedberg Gymnasium: A place that can make the heart tremble]. 6992:"Wernher von Braun's Record on Civil Rights | American Experience | PBS" 4128: 2598: 1660:

Von Braun was briefly detained at the "Dustbin" interrogation center at

1520:

for Peenemünde, Dornberger obtained von Braun's conditional release and

1062: 13902: 13604: 13597: 13112: 12658: 12297: 11958: 11734: 11629: 11586: 11201: 11164: 10387: 10188: 10136: 9647: 9104: 8310: 6857:

Times, Harold M. Schmeck Jr Special to The New York (28 January 1970).

5551: 5226: 4554: 4522: 3906: 3882: 3298: 3270: 3195: 3066: 2767: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2540: 2394: 2158: 2004:, which first went on air on 9 March 1955, drawing 40 million viewers. 1825: 1789: 1782: 1743: 1445: 1432: 1262: 1215: 989: 968: 880: 861: 828: 677: 653: 624: 213: 202: 8785: 8371:

Organizational Communication Imperatives: Lessons of the Space Program

8256:

Power to Explore: A History of Marshall Space Flight Center, 1960–1990

6391:"God Touches the Heart of a Scientist through Gideons' Bible Ministry" 6256:

How to Be Like Walt: Capturing the Disney Magic Every Day of Your Life

5568:

Power to Explore: A History of Marshall Space Flight Center, 1960–1990

14319: 14292: 14140: 14052: 13912: 13881: 13874: 13671: 13569: 13323: 11721: 11491: 9841: 9229: 8453: 8062: 6837: 3141: 2891: 2240: 2173: 2154: 2043: 2034:

of the spacecraft ending in a runway landing, much in the way of the

1883: 1817: 1638: 1525: 1423:, had a reputation for brutality and had conceived the idea of using 1420: 1281: 1236: 1180: 900: 857: 812: 808: 444: 11529: 5608:

Capture of Wernher von Braun by the 324th Regiment Anti-tank Company

5264: 4538: 3898: 3262:

and Apollo program rocket sounds album by various artists including

3091:

Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb

2742: 2280:

Nonetheless, on 1 March 1970, von Braun and his family relocated to

2141: 9233: 7778:, and von Braun; but only von Braun shared Strangelove's Nazi past. 6622:

Challenge to Apollo: The Soviet Union and the Space Race, 1945–1974

6558:"Stages to Saturn – The Saturn Building Blocks – The ABMA Transfer" 3306: 3003:) documentary – in English – from the German International channel 2945: 2236: 2120: 1959:

At this time, von Braun also worked out preliminary concepts for a

1677: 1506: 1400: 1305: 1227: 1041: 884: 789: 718: 696: 198: 67: 5621:...The Heavens and the Earth: A Political History of the Space Age 2294: 1905:. The space station spun around a central docking nave to provide 1820:, a modified Redstone rocket. The Jupiter-C was the basis for the 733:

Wernher von Braun was born on 23 March 1912, in the small town of

13834: 13824: 13727: 13166: 8962: 5815:(1). Huntsville, Alabama: University of Alabama in Huntsville: 22 5100:

The First Jet Pilot: The Story of German Test Pilot Erich Warsitz

4175:"Wernher von Braun | Biography, Quotes, & Facts | Britannica" 3182: 2954: 2495: 2409: 2207:

The Marshall Center's first major program was the development of

2042:

offers no protection against becoming unexpectedly and violently

1831: 1499: 1204:

At the time, Germany was highly interested in American physicist

1139:

Germany. In 1939, von Braun was appointed a technical advisor at

1135:

which made the first rocket fired by gasoline and liquid oxygen.

1086: 975:

for major works across occupied Europe. Von Braun is wearing the

865: 827:

from memory. Beginning in 1925, he attended a boarding school at

734: 83: 24: 6639: 6597:

Swenson, Loyd S. Jr.; Grimwood, James M.; Alexander, Charles C.

1616:. On 2 May 1945, upon finding an American private from the U.S. 1297:

and Chief Engineer Walther, and the rocket program was delayed.

13868: 13799: 13296: 13161: 8952: 8677: 8672: 8409:– Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) History Office (archived) 6930:

To Reach the Higher Frontier: A History of U.S. Launch Vehicles

6488:. Assemblies of God. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023 6103:

Braun, Wernher Von; Whipple, Fred Lawrence; Ley, Willy (1953).

1821: 1575: 1517: 1099:

I asked Müller to give me some time for reflection. He agreed.

1033: 832: 796: 788:, who was a rocket scientist and later a senior executive with 634: 520: 476: 8505:

Files of Dorette Schlidt, Wernher von Braun's first secretary.

7770:, p. 406. Dr Strangelove was widely held to be a composite of 7460:"The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details" 7438:"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement" 1824:

rocket that successfully launched the West's first satellite,

868:

and mathematics to pursue his interest in rocket engineering.

565: 13892: 13665: 13629: 13624: 13415: 7848:"A Novel of Very High Adventure (SPACE By James A. Michener)" 6860:"Von Braun to Go to Washington To Direct Space Mission Plans" 4278:

to fellow deep-sea explorer Hans Fricke, cited in: Fricke H.

3480:

and von Braun's own technical papers on the proposed project.

3085:

Several fictional characters have been modeled on von Braun:

3004: 2334: 938:

Von Braun was greatly influenced by Oberth, of whom he said:

590: 8471:

60th anniversary digital reprinting of Colliers Space Series

7876:"Review: V2 by Robert Harris review – fears of a rocket man" 7718:"Interview mit Schauspieler Ludwig Blochberger – kontinente" 6417:

Wernher von Braun, crusader for space: a biographical memoir

6299:

Wernher von Braun, crusader for space: a biographical memoir

5268:

Wernher von Braun, crusader for space: a biographical memoir

3273:

for an episode of NBC's American version of the BBC TV show

3269:"Wernher von Braun" (1965): A song written and performed by 1917:

expeditions. More than a decade later, the movie version of

1477:

had von Braun come to his Feldkommandostelle Hochwald HQ in

1363: 1130:), Germany. During a period in 1931, von Braun attended the 559: 305:

President's Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service

12987: 8993: 8539: 8418:

Wright, Mike (18 February 2016). Harbaugh, Jennifer (ed.).

7418:. Iliffe Transport Publications. 22 July 1967. p. 1030 7101:"Wernher von Braun, Rocket Pioneer: Biography & Quotes" 6841: 4950:, p. 377. Verlag Ullstein GmbH, Frankfurt a.M. and Berlin, 3785:

Wright, Mike (18 February 2016). Harbaugh, Jennifer (ed.).

3488:. Apogee Books Space Series. Collector's Guide Publishing. 1914: 1864:

In 1952, von Braun first published his concept of a crewed

1738:

Finally, von Braun and his remaining Peenemünde staff (see

1698: 1571: 688: 461: 8450:– by Anthony Young – The Space Review, Monday 10 July 2006 7245:"Gymnasium Friedberg: Ein Ort, der das Herz zittern lässt" 6708:"The Apollo Program: How NASA sent astronauts to the moon" 3431:, New York, Crowell (1975). With Frederick I. Ordway III. 3422:

Daily Journals of Wernher von Braun, May 1958 – March 1970

2153:

launch system was unreliable. In 1957, with the launch of

1812:

As director of the Development Operations Division of the

573: 7189:"Ex-German Rocket Scientists. U.S. rocket programme 1969" 6772:"Adjustment to Marshall Organization, Announcement No. 4" 3722:"Wernher von Braun: History's most controversial figure?" 3381:

It would be a blow to U.S. prestige if we did not first.

1198:

that rose to heights of 2.2 and 3.5 km (2 mi).

1092: 194:

NASA engineering program manager; chief architect of the

169: 8103: 7396:

These We Honor: The International Aerospace Hall of Fame

6524:, Ch. 1: "The Accursed Blessing", Naval Institute Press 6140:

Manned Mars landing presentation to the Space Task Group

5381:"Highlights in German Rocket Development from 1927–1945" 3029:(Season 1, episode 5) - von Braun played by Corey Maher. 2298:

Von Braun in his office at Marshall Space Flight Center.

1987:, did not appear as a printed book until December 2006. 1468: 12956: 8403:– At the U.S. 44th Infantry Division website (archived) 7781: 5455:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 501–502. 2184:." On 21 November 1960 during which the first uncrewed 2026:, with each burn creating an acceleration of 8–9 times 1878:". These articles were illustrated by the space artist 14588:

Recipients of the Knights Cross of the War Merit Cross

7082: 7080: 6883: 6881: 4201:

The Nazi Rocketeers: Dreams of Space and Crimes of War

2603:

Candidate; received rank upon joining SS Riding School

1343:

enthusiastically supported their efforts, supplying a

1226:, it had been procured by the British in exchange for 706:

to the Moon. In 1967, von Braun was inducted into the

8303:

Project Paperclip: German Scientists and the Cold War

7251:(in German). Augsburg: Presse-Druck- und Verlags-GmbH 6840:. Well before the lunar flight was launched, though, 6572:"Photos: Wernher von Braun, Space Pioneer Remembered" 6415:

Stuhlinger, Ernst & Ira Ordway, Frederick. 1994.

6297:

Stuhlinger, Ernst & Ira Ordway, Frederick. 1994.

4816: 4814: 2448:, born in 1952, and Peter Constantine, born in 1960. 1976:

Before technically formalizing his thoughts on human

1740:

List of German rocket scientists in the United States

612:; 23 March 1912 – 16 June 1977) was a 602: 593: 576: 562: 553: 7907:

Theatre and MadKap Productions. 2017. Archived from

6695:. NASA Historical Reference Collection. 7 June 1962. 6596: 5782:"Outstanding German Scientists Being Brought to U.S" 5440:. New York: The Viking Press, Inc. pp. 178–184. 5258: 4799:. Federal Bureau of Investigation. 13 September 1969 3978:

The 20th Century A–GI. Dictionary of World Biography

3921:"von Braun, Wernher: National Aviation Hall of Fame" 3508: 931:

In 1930, von Braun attended a presentation given by

780:. He had an older brother, the West German diplomat 587: 584: 570: 556: 14483:

Burials at Ivy Hill Cemetery (Alexandria, Virginia)

8086:

The Birth of the Missile: The Secrets of Peenemünde

7118: 7077: 7035: 6878: 6781:. NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. Archived from 6751: 6666: 6654: 5757:"The Pretty German Seaside Resort with a Dark Past" 5564: 5387:. NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. Archived from 5153:. NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. Archived from 5000:

The Peenemünde Raid: The Night of 17–18 August 1943

4885: 4883: 4260:. NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. Archived from 3880: 2180:

Von Braun's early years at NASA included a failed "

1334: 958: 581: 14593:Recipients of the NASA Distinguished Service Medal 8231: 7901:"MadKap Productions presents Rocket City, Alabam'" 6858: 5045: 4892:"V-2: The Nazi rocket that launched the space age" 4811: 4299: 1051: 691:, where he served as director of the newly formed 9245: 8030:"Spotlight: 1960s satirist Tom Lehrer resurfaces" 7053: 6109:. New York: Viking Press. pp. 107, 109–110. 4282:, pp. 23–24. Deutscher Taschenbuch-Verlag, 2010. 4216:and changed its activity to military development. 3981:. Vol. 7. New York: Routledge. p. 440. 3344:Proposal for a Workable Fighter with Rocket Drive 3279:; the song was later included in Lehrer's albums 3010:Wernher von Braun – Der Mann für die Wunderwaffen 2385:. Many at NASA headquarters jokingly referred to 1040:moustache" and that he perceived him as "another 14389: 11530:Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences 7481:. Birmingham, AL: Ebsco Media. pp. 95, 105. 6506:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 6445:The voice of Dr. Wernher Von Brain: An Anthology 6082:"Gallery of Wernher von Braun Moonship Sketches" 6003:Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1977: A Chronology 5922:Redstone Rocket, Hardtack-Teak Test, August 1958 5486:. Federal Bureau of Investigation. 18 April 1961 4880: 4502:. Federal Bureau of Investigation. 17 April 1961 4397: 4395: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4387: 4385: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3684: 3682: 3680: 3678: 3676: 3674: 3672: 3670: 3486:The Voice of Dr. Wernher von Braun: An Anthology 3198:occurs during World War II between teams led by 2988:Wernher von Braun – Rocket Man for War and Peace 1246:V-2: The Nazi rocket that launched the space age 395:Knights Cross of the War Merit Cross with Swords 8483:FBI Records: The Vault – Wernher VonBraun files 8208:. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. 8169:The Voice of Dr. Wernher Von Braun An Anthology 6956:Liquid hydrogen as a propulsion fuel, 1945–1959 6102: 5838:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 12. 5686:. F.A. Herbig Verlagsbuchhandlung. p. 12. 5265:Ernst Stuhlinger; Frederick Ira Ordway (1994). 4702:Liquid Hydrogen as a Propulsion Fuel, 1945–1959 4383: 4381: 4379: 4377: 4375: 4373: 4371: 4369: 4367: 4365: 3715: 3713: 2882:("I Reach for the Stars"); von Braun played by 2539:Scrutiny of von Braun's use of forced labor at 2129:Neufeld from the Space History Division of the 2114: 1816:, von Braun, with his team, then developed the 1162:, and Wernher von Braun (in civilian dress) at 899:or VfR), co-founded by Valier, and worked with 8454:The Mittelbau-Dora Concentration Camp Memorial 8083: 6309: 6307: 5246:Das KZ Mittelbau Dora. Ein historischer Abriss 4722: 4720: 1903:The Problem of Space Travel – The Rocket Motor 1832:Popular concepts for a human presence in space 1701:'s Special Committee on Space Technology, 1958 1425:concentration camp prisoners as slave laborers 16:German-American aerospace engineer (1912–1977) 14503:Directors of the Marshall Space Flight Center 12972: 9215: 8801: 8524: 7345:Journal of the British Interplanetary Society 7278:(in German). Munich: Süddeutsche Zeitung GmbH 6962:. The NASA history series. Vol. SP-4404. 6946: 6599:"MR-1: The Four-Inch Flight – This New Ocean" 5960: 5803:Saurma, Ruth G. von; Wiesman, Walter (1996). 5802: 5021: 5019: 4620:. Smithsonian Institution. pp. 178–179. 4219: 4034:, Füüsikainstituut. Retrieved 4 February 2011 3773: 3667: 3659:timestamp mismatch; 18 April 2021 suggested ( 3607: 3605: 3466:New Worlds, Discoveries From Our Solar System 2898:who plays the cynical American press officer. 2511:, von Braun, son Peter, and daughter Margrit. 2381:likened von Braun's approach to building the 1792:, von Braun and his team were transferred to 1536: 1461:(a member of the Nazi party since 1932) told 1415:, who as an engineer had constructed several 1190:Von Braun received his doctorate in physics ( 14558:Peenemünde Army Research Center and Airfield 8253:Dunar, Andrew J.; Waring, Stephen P (1999). 5682:Speer, Albert (2001). Schlie, Ulrich (ed.). 4764:. National Space Institute. pp. 43–49. 4362: 4085: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4077: 4075: 4054:team's surrender at the end of World War II. 3710: 3694:Von Braun: Dreamer of Space, Engineer of War 3443:(2nd ed.). New York: Harper & Row. 3400:German Rocketry, The Coming of the Space Age 3041:(Season 1, episode 4) – von Braun played by 2215:into and beyond Earth orbit. From this, the 988:Von Braun was an opportunist who joined the 530:Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun 442: 14493:Converts to Evangelicalism from Lutheranism 8058:"The making of System Shock 2's best level" 7217: 6304: 5834:Dunar, Andrew J; Waring, Stephen P (1999). 5833: 4997: 4717: 4320: 3858: 3856: 3013:by the Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk. Played by 2490: 2321:Von Braun helped establish and promote the 895:, where he joined the Spaceflight Society ( 633:, the leading figure in the development of 13351:Commercial Orbital Transportation Services 12979: 12965: 9222: 9208: 8808: 8794: 8531: 8517: 8099: 8097: 8095: 7955: 7476: 7056:"This Week in AG History -- June 26, 1966" 6966: 6226: 6220: 5505: 5503: 5501: 5435: 5093: 5091: 5089: 5087: 5085: 5025: 5016: 4889: 4748:, Sonderheft 1 (1960), Stuttgart, Germany. 4646: 4644: 4408:Von Braun Dreamer of Space Engineer of War 4333:Europe at War 1939–1945: No Simple Victory 3602: 2687:International Air & Space Hall of Fame 50: 14578:Naturalized citizens of the United States 14498:Deaths from pancreatic cancer in Virginia 14245:Hubble Space Telescope anniversary images 8165: 8131: 7846:Wilford, John Noble (19 September 1982). 6769: 6748:, Vol. 190, No. 5, May 1967, pp. 114–116. 6434:, p. 2, New York: The Hearst Corporation. 6052:"What Kubrick did with the man from Nasa" 5617: 4568: 4300:Leo Nutz; Elmar Wild (28 December 1989). 4248: 4246: 4244: 4072: 3745: 3743: 3741: 3739: 3737: 3735: 3326:One of the characters in the tutorial of 3266:, which features von Braun as a narrator. 2827:Learn how and when to remove this message 2574:in his honor. The complex opened in 1975. 2408:, who advocated racial discrimination in 2348: 2145:von Braun in his office with the rockets. 1973:for its trips to Mars and back to Earth. 1561:was about 160 km (100 mi) from 1121: 14603:Research and development in Nazi Germany 10939: 8851:Earth systems engineering and management 8261:United States Government Printing Office 7743:"Project Blue Book: Operation Paperclip" 7015: 6522:Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun 6364:, p. 23, Johns Hopkins University Press 6281:. Reprint by Henry Holt & Co., Inc. 6172: 6166: 6079: 5657: 5651: 5401: 5122: 5002:. New York: Bobbs-Merrill. p. 222. 4916:Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun 4890:Hollingham, Richard (8 September 2014). 4757: 4654:Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun 4577:Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun 4468:Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun 4093:Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun 3853: 3560:List of German inventors and discoverers 2494: 2458: 2420: 2311:in Germantown, Maryland on 1 July 1972. 2293: 2267: 2140: 1946: 1847: 1760: 1742:) were transferred to their new home at 1692: 1540: 1362: 1284:. Over the nights of 17–18 August 1943, 1256: 1150:First rank, from left to right, General 1145: 983: 962: 687:In 1960, his group was assimilated into 14330:NASA International Space Apps Challenge 9509: 9231:United States National Medal of Science 8815: 8707:Propulsion and Structural Test Facility 8206:Dr Wernher von Braun: A Short Biography 8092: 7873: 7845: 7536:"Disney-Land S2.E14 - Man and the Moon" 6927: 6619: 6075: 6073: 5999: 5732: 5509: 5498: 5321: 5315: 5097: 5082: 5043: 4641: 4613: 4520: 4462: 4460: 4431: 4401: 4042: 4040: 3831: 3749: 3688: 2969:(Germany), Channel One TV (Russia) and 2578: 2287:Von Braun also developed the idea of a 2049: 1317:The first combat A-4, renamed the V-2 ( 186:and designer, aerospace project manager 14543:Members of the American Rocket Society 14390: 13118:Administrator and Deputy Administrator 8543:George C. Marshall Space Flight Center 8417: 7981: 7979: 7814: 7561:"Disney-Land S4.E12 - Mars and Beyond" 7242: 6770:von Braun, Wernher (16 January 1969). 6763: 6678: 6550: 5971: 5745:. Cambridge University Press: 197–203. 5429: 5195: 5191: 5189: 5167: 5139: 4858:"The Man Who Opened the Door to Space" 4326: 4241: 4139: 4046: 3971: 3784: 3732: 3696:. New York, N.Y: Vintage. p. xv. 3429:History of Rocketry & Space Travel 2973:TV (USA), 2005) – von Braun played by 2566:An arena and entertainment complex in 923:for a term from June to October 1931. 917:Friedrich-Wilhelm University of Berlin 14518:Französisches Gymnasium Berlin alumni 13908:Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite 12960: 12059: 12058: 11528: 10938: 10452: 9508: 9244: 9203: 8789: 8512: 8493:Internet Speculative Fiction Database 8223: 8077: 8027: 7964:from the original on 11 December 2021 7808: 6952: 6856: 6624:. Washington, DC: NASA. p. 283. 6481: 6259:, p. 237, Health Communications Inc. 5869: 5867: 5865: 5863: 5861: 5859: 5857: 5855: 5827: 5774: 5681: 5541: 5474: 5472: 5450: 5444: 5373: 5352:. Office of Air Force History. 1948. 5161: 5052:. New York: The Free Press. pp. 4832: 4746:Raketentechnik und Raumfahrtforschung 4698: 4657:. Naval Institute Press. p. 35. 4490: 4488: 4486: 4484: 4482: 4480: 4478: 4476: 4032:"Dr. Wernher von Braun'i mälestuseks" 3951:"A Guide to Wernher von Braun's Life" 3845:. NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. 3817:"SP-4206 Stages to Saturn, Chapter 9" 3759:American Experience: Chasing the Moon 3099:Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny 2890:. Although it was said that satirist 2732: 1469:Arrest and release by the Nazi regime 1313:Bombing of Peenemünde in World War II 1036:was still only a pompous fool with a 875:or "Rocket Rumble" fad initiated by 536: 14618:Technische Universität Berlin alumni 14533:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni 14370: 8401:The capture of von Braun and his men 8203: 8055: 7715: 7269: 7218:Winterstein, William E. Sr. (2005). 7124: 7098: 7086: 7041: 6887: 6757: 6705: 6672: 6660: 6210:, Apogee Books, Burlington, Ontario 6080:Woodfill, Jerry (30 November 2004). 6070: 6024: 5931: 5298: 5070:from the original on 28 October 2019 4912: 4820: 4650: 4574: 4457: 4089: 4037: 2765:adding citations to reliable sources 2736: 2643:: 9 November 1941 (First Lieutenant) 2550:A science- and engineering-oriented 2302: 2100:Creator." He was interviewed by the 1874:magazine series of articles titled " 1804:, which was used for the first live 1351:for the experiments. Later in 1936, 992:to continue his work on rockets for 926: 674:intermediate-range ballistic missile 641:, and later a pioneer of rocket and 14548:National Medal of Science laureates 8286:. 21st Century Science Associates. 7976: 7874:Preston, Alex (20 September 2020). 7511:"Disney-Land S1.E20 - Man in Space" 6733:Wernher von Braun, Revised Edition. 5662:. New York: W. Morrow. p. 182. 5248:, p. 100, Westkreuz Verlag, Berlin 5244:Fiedermann, Heß, and Jaeger (1993) 5186: 4969:"Peenemünde, 17 and 18 August 1943" 4961: 4432:Neufeld, Michael J. (20 May 2019). 4304:. Oberth-museum.org. Archived from 3354:and never produced. (The differing 1688: 1545:Von Braun, with his arm in a cast, 1032:". Yet, he also wrote that "to us, 13: 14583:Prisoners and detainees of Germany 13024:National Aeronautics and Space Act 8477:CIA documents on Wernher von Braun 7099:Redd, Nola Taylor (7 March 2013). 7054:Darrin J. Rodgers (30 June 2022). 6802:. National Space Institute. p. 117 6744:"Space Man's Look at Antarctica". 6462:, 13 September 1966. Available in 5985:. 17 February 1958. Archived from 5879:, pp. 84–92, Henry Holt, New York 5852: 5792:from the original on 1 March 2010. 5706: 5469: 5147:"Excerpts from 'Power to Explore'" 4785: 4473: 4452:Wernher von Braun, Revised Edition 3953:. Apollo11space.com. December 2019 3849:from the original on 11 June 2002. 3719: 3439:& Dooling, David Jr. (1985) . 3336: 2435:SS Race and Settlement Main Office 1697:Wernher von Braun at a meeting of 1683: 695:and as the chief architect of the 14: 14639: 14628:Werner von Siemens Ring laureates 14573:People from the Province of Posen 13978:Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope 13532:Commercial Lunar Payload Services 8886:Sociocultural Systems Engineering 8443:Coat-of-arms of Wernher von Braun 8388: 7016:Franklin, Ben A. (14 June 1965). 6313:Mallon, Thomas (22 October 2007) 6092:from the original on 30 May 2010. 6025:Gohd, Chelsea (6 November 2019). 5624:. New York: Basic Books. p. 5182:from the original on 27 May 2012. 4975:. Royal Air Force. Archived from 4730:. Astronautix.com. Archived from 4682:"Wernher von Braun in SS uniform" 4434:"Wernher von Braun and the Nazis" 4280:Der Fisch, der aus der Urzeit kam 3755:"Wernher von Braun and the Nazis" 3137:, von Braun is a major character. 2929:(TV, 1998) – von Braun played by 2325:, a precursor of the present-day 2252:Applications Technology Satellite 2108:and with the civil rights leader 1717:United States Army Ordnance Corps 1026:post–World War I economic effects 811:, and he developed a passion for 14428:20th-century American physicists 14418:20th-century American architects 14369: 14358: 14357: 14273:Apollo 15 postal covers incident 14031:Space Flight Operations Facility 13217:Operations and Checkout Building 8159: 8125: 8084:Klee, Ernst; Merk, Otto (1963). 8049: 8021: 8015:"Tom Lehrer – Wernher von Braun" 8007: 7987:"Stop clapping, this is serious" 7949: 7923: 7893: 7867: 7839: 7760: 7735: 7709: 7687: 7662: 7636: 7600: 7578: 7553: 7528: 7503: 7485: 7477:Armbrester, Margaret E. (1992). 7470: 7452: 7430: 7401: 7388: 7355: 7336: 7311: 7290: 7263: 7243:Rother, Marcel (22 March 2012). 7236: 7211: 7181: 7163: 7145: 7130: 7092: 7047: 7009: 6984: 6921: 6903: 6893: 6850: 6805: 6792: 6738: 6735:Infobase Publishing. pp. 129–130 6725: 6699: 6613: 6609:from the original on 9 May 2001. 6590: 6564: 6534: 6514: 6475: 6450: 6437: 6422: 6409: 6383: 6374: 6352: 6326: 6291: 6269: 6253:Pat Williams, Jim Denney (2004) 6247: 5788:. V2Rocket.com. 1 October 1945. 5408:. Diane Publishing. p. 12. 4117:Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen 3839:"Biography of Wernher Von Braun" 3539: 3525: 3511: 2741: 2634:: 1 May 1940 (Second Lieutenant) 2591: 2416: 2168:in the south Pacific as part of 1765:Von Braun's badge at ABMA (1957) 1335:Experiments with rocket aircraft 959:Involvement with the Nazi regime 891:In 1930, von Braun attended the 842:Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen 549: 519: 403:, First Class with Swords (1943) 14563:People from Huntsville, Alabama 14423:20th-century American engineers 13492:Lunar Precursor Robotic Program 8395:Audiopodcast on Astrotalkuk.org 8238:. University Press of Florida. 8056:Lane, Rick (3 September 2017). 7815:Morrow, Lance (3 August 1998). 7446:American Academy of Achievement 7398:. Donning Co. Publishers, 2006. 6731:Spangenburg & Moser. 2009. 6200: 6130: 6096: 6044: 6018: 5993: 5954: 5914: 5889: 5796: 5749: 5726: 5700: 5675: 5666: 5642: 5611: 5592: 5558: 5535: 5395: 5340: 5292: 5238: 5216: 5116: 5037: 4991: 4940: 4906: 4850: 4826: 4751: 4738: 4692: 4674: 4607: 4593: 4514: 4450:Spangenburg & Moser. 2009. 4444: 4425: 4293: 4268: 4193: 4167: 4133: 4110: 4059: 4025: 3995: 3965: 3943: 3913: 3874: 2752:needs additional citations for 2721:World Citizenship Award in 1970 2706:American Academy of Achievement 2672:Elected Honorary Fellow of the 2561:Staatliches Gymnasium Friedberg 2543:intensified again in 1984 when 1141:Peenemünde Army Research Center 710:, and in 1975, he received the 708:National Academy of Engineering 700:super heavy-lift launch vehicle 236: 14448:20th-century German physicists 14438:20th-century German architects 8968:Systems development life cycle 8861:Enterprise systems engineering 8836:Biological systems engineering 8765:U.S. Space & Rocket Center 8135:Project Mars, A Technical Tale 8028:McKay, Ron (1 November 2020). 7956:Tom Lehrer (1 December 2008). 7270:Mayr, Stefan (23 March 2012). 7195:. 17 July 1969. Archived from 6821:. 25 July 1969. Archived from 6323:, Access date: 8 January 2015. 6208:Project Mars: a technical tale 5480:"Wernher VonBraun Part 1 of 7" 5202:. W. W. Norton & Company. 5168:Jaroff, Leon (26 March 2002). 4793:"Wernher VonBraun Part 3 of 7" 4496:"Wernher VonBraun Part 2 of 7" 4470:. Naval Institute Press. Ch. 5 3809: 3614: 3592: 3473:Project Mars: A Technical Tale 3332:is named "Wernher von Kerman". 2725:National Aviation Hall of Fame 2674:British Interplanetary Society 2463:Grave of Wernher von Braun in 2136: 1984:Project Mars: A Technical Tale 1406: 1276:By that time, the British and 847:By Rocket into Planetary Space 538:[ˌvɛʁnheːɐ̯fɔnˈbʁaʊ̯n] 1: 14443:20th-century German inventors 14433:20th-century American writers 10453: 9246:Behavioral and social science 8927:System of systems engineering 8841:Cognitive systems engineering 8722:Saturn V Dynamic Test Vehicle 8369:Tompkins, Phillip K. (1993). 8342:Petersen, Michael B. (2009). 8107:; Sharpe, Mitchell R (1979). 7394:Sprekelmeyer, Linda, editor. 7343:"Prof Dr Wernher von Braun". 7222:. Robert D. Reed Publishers. 6088:. NASA Johnson Space Center. 6086:The Space Educator's Handbook 5940:NASA Technical Reports Server 5618:McDougall, Walter A. (1985). 4454:. Infobase Publishing. p. 33 4411:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 4227:"Wernher von Braun biography" 3585: 3435:Estate of Wernher von Braun; 3358:was produced during the 1944 2951:"tandem mirror fusion engine" 2391:Chicago Bridge and Iron Works 2131:National Air and Space Museum 1895:rotating wheel-shaped station 1814:Army Ballistic Missile Agency 1788:In 1950, at the start of the 1529:arising from the situation." 1158:(with Knight's Cross), Major 1128:Technische Universität Berlin 1004:National Air and Space Museum 728: 452:Army Ballistic Missile Agency 160:Technische Universität Berlin 14508:Early spaceflight scientists 14468:Architects in the Nazi Party 14453:American aerospace engineers 14310:Space program on U.S. stamps 14235:Gemini and Apollo medallions 14185:Solar System Family Portrait 13961:Joint Polar Satellite System 13830:Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter 13084:Vision for Space Exploration 13054:Space Exploration Initiative 7670:"Space Race TV Series, 2005" 6443:See von Braun's speeches in 6179:. National Space Institute. 6138:"Braun, Wernher von (1969). 6000:Ritchie, Eleanor H. (1986). 5809:Huntsville Historical Review 5786:War Department press release 5733:Neufeld, Michael J. (2004). 5544:From Peenemünde To Canaveral 5299:Roop, Lee (4 October 2002). 5170:"The Rocket Man's Dark Side" 5044:Neufeld, Michael J. (1995). 4998:Middlebrook, Martin (1982). 4973:RAF History – Bomber Command 4614:Neufeld, Michael J. (2013). 4601:"Wernher von Braun FBI file" 4579:. US Naval Institute Press. 4521:Neufeld, Michael J. (2002). 4274:As related by Auguste's son 3881:Neufeld, Michael J. (2002). 3622:"How to Pronounce Von Braun" 2965:(TV, BBC co-production with 2587:Nazi Party number: 5,738,692 2467:(Alexandria, Virginia), 2008 2248:U.S. Space and Rocket Center 2239:rocket launched the crew of 2231:, the first director of the 2115:Concepts for orbital warfare 2095:Later in life, he joined an 1876:Man Will Conquer Space Soon! 1304:with the vertical launch of 1154:(partially hidden), General 893:Technische Hochschule Berlin 693:Marshall Space Flight Center 7: 14458:American technology writers 14305:U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame 14262:We choose to go to the Moon 14225:Apollo 11 goodwill messages 13783:International Space Station 13763:Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter 13502:Great Observatories program 13346:International Space Station 13324:Roscosmos State Corporation 13241:Science Mission Directorate 13187:Manned Space Flight Network 9004:Quality function deployment 8917:Verification and validation 8717:Saturn V Dynamic Test Stand 8653:International Space Station 8373:. Oxford University Press. 8166:Von Braun, Wernher (2007). 8132:Von Braun, Wernher (2006). 7697:. Dw-world.de. 25 June 2011 7586:"I Aim at the Stars (1960)" 7464:National Science Foundation 7141:. 17 June 1977. p. A2. 6706:Mann, Adam (25 June 2020). 6693:Lunar Orbit Rendezvous File 6482:Braun, Wernher Von (1966). 6227:Ley, Willy (October 1955). 5436:Dornberger, Walter (1954). 5402:Bilstein, Roger E. (1999). 5271:. Krieger Pub. p. 42. 5235:, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 57–78 5102:. Pen and Sword Books Ltd. 5031:V2 – Der Schuss ins Weltall 4065:Magnus Freiherr von Braun, 3504: 3484:Willhite, Irene E. (2007). 3402:. New York: Meredith Press. 2886:, his wife Maria played by 2880:Ich greife nach den Sternen 2652:: 9 November 1942 (Captain) 2263:Apollo Applications Program 201:rocket; development of the 66:Wernher Magnus Maximilian, 10: 14644: 14523:German aerospace engineers 14478:Hugo Award-winning writers 14122:NASA cameras on spacecraft 13933:James Webb Space Telescope 13845:Solar Dynamics Observatory 13066:U.S. National Space Policy 12134:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar 8866:Health systems engineering 8702:Neutral Buoyancy Simulator 8301:Lasby, Clarence G (1971). 8197: 6932:. University of Kentucky. 5873:Matthew Brzezinski (2007) 4864:. May 1959. Archived from 3352:Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet 3282:That Was The Year That Was 3276:That Was The Week That Was 3037:television series (2016): 3025:television series (2015): 3007:. Original German version 2926:From the Earth to the Moon 2711:National Medal of Science 2704:Golden Plate Award of the 1779:White Sands Proving Ground 1646:(64 km) southwest to 1580:Counter Intelligence Corps 1537:Surrender to the Americans 1330:manufacture these rockets. 1310: 1196:two liquid fuel A2 rockets 623:. He was a member of the 267:Emmy von Quistorp (mother) 18: 14353: 14253: 14130: 14045: 13990: 13953: 13752: 13562: 13549: 13479: 13393: 13383: 13338: 13264: 13253: 13197:Vehicle Assembly Building 13105: 13004: 12994: 12896: 12745: 12594: 12415: 12221: 12069: 12065: 12054: 11988: 11890: 11779: 11690: 11611: 11539: 11535: 11524: 11481: 11390: 11282: 11173: 11109:William Hayward Pickering 11054: 10949: 10945: 10934: 10860: 10752: 10606: 10482: 10463: 10459: 10448: 10359: 10168: 9982: 9800: 9656: 9519: 9515: 9504: 9461: 9402: 9314: 9274: 9255: 9251: 9240: 9184: 9133: 9037: 9014:Systems Modeling Language 8976: 8935: 8894: 8823: 8773: 8730: 8691: 8658:Chandra X-ray Observatory 8640: 8554: 8459:29 September 2011 at the 7992:The Sydney Morning Herald 7817:"The Moon and the Clones" 6275:Wernher von Braun (2000) 6206:Wernher von Braun (2006) 5542:Huzel, Dieter K. (1962). 4919:. Naval Institute Press. 4096:. Naval Institute Press. 3360:Emergency Fighter Program 3288:The Remains of Tom Lehrer 2713:National Medal of Science 2665: 2362:. His Soviet counterpart 2343:National Medal of Science 2200:into space. He named his 2191:After the success of the 1852:Von Braun with President 1806:nuclear ballistic missile 1721:New Castle Army Air Field 1485:Von Braun had been under 897:Verein für Raumschiffahrt 754:Magnus Freiherr von Braun 712:National Medal of Science 518: 513: 509: 505: 493: 475: 435: 425: 418: 414: 410: 387: 373: 365: 351: 341: 336: 332: 323:National Medal of Science 297: 274: 254: 246: 220: 209: 190: 179: 152: 144: 136: 121: 102: 61: 49: 42: 14528:German rocket scientists 14488:Center Directors of NASA 14268:Apollo 8 Genesis reading 14192:The Day the Earth Smiled 13527:Solar Terrestrial Probes 12986: 12558:Norman Foster Ramsey Jr. 12004:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan 9635:Burrhus Frederic Skinner 9029:Work breakdown structure 8907:Functional specification 8902:Requirements engineering 8846:Configuration management 8648:Space Shuttle Propulsion 8327:. New York: Free Press. 8282:Freeman, Marsha (1993). 8230:Bilstein, Roger (2003). 7644:"The Perfumed Nightmare" 7615:Staatkircheforschunsgamt 7220:Secrets Of The Space Age 6620:Siddiqi, Asif A (2000). 6358:Oliver, Kendrick (2012) 6349:, Access: 8 January 2015 5805:"The German Rocket Team" 4834:Weisstein, Eric Wolfgang 4199:Various sources such as 3297:(1991): A rock opera by 3295:The Last Days of Pompeii 2491:Recognition and critique 2454: 2323:National Space Institute 1668:, subsequently known as 1643:U.S. Army Ordnance Corps 1637:and Bleicherode area in 807:, his mother gave him a 764:and was a descendant of 680:in 1958. He worked with 226:Maria Luise von Quistorp 14568:People from Piła County 14325:Other primates in space 14037:Deep Space Atomic Clock 13857:Mars Science Laboratory 13645:Spitzer Space Telescope 13234:Lunar Sample Laboratory 13177:Launch Services Program 11869:Cathleen Synge Morawetz 9787:George Ledyard Stebbins 9708:James Augustine Shannon 8876:Reliability engineering 8871:Performance engineering 8479:at the Internet Archive 8105:Ordway, Frederick I III 8017:– via genius.com. 7608:"Die gefrorenen Blitze" 7588:. Turner Classic Movies 7409:"Dr von Braun Honoured" 6953:Sloop, John L. (1978). 6928:Launius, Roger (2002). 6813:"Next, Mars and Beyond" 6472:, Volume II, Number 10. 6173:Bergaust, Erik (1976). 5901:Encyclopedia of Alabama 5326:. Chicago: Ivan R Dee. 5322:Sellier, André (2003). 4758:Bergaust, Erik (1976). 4699:Sloop, John L. (1978). 3565:List of coupled cousins 3555:Robert Esnault-Pelterie 3441:Space Travel: A History 3437:Ordway III, Frederick I 3323:was named the Von Braun 3305:alternative rock group 2557:Nazi concentration camp 2186:Mercury-Redstone rocket 2064:Frederick I. Ordway III 1971:Hohmann transfer orbits 1775:Allied-occupied Germany 1733:Aberdeen Proving Ground 1707:U.S. Secretary of State 1588:British Occupation Zone 1427:in the rocket program. 947:According to historian 837:Free State of Thuringia 14340:National Astronaut Day 14283:The Astronaut Monument 14105:Space Shuttle missions 13805:Mars Exploration Rover 13788:Hubble Space Telescope 13697:Kepler space telescope 13497:Earth Observing System 13471:Mars Exploration Rover 13182:Mercury Control Center 12326:Joseph O. Hirschfelder 12313:Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer 11269:Harry George Drickamer 11215:Hans Wolfgang Liepmann 10889:M. Frederick Hawthorne 10763:John D. Baldeschwieler 10003:Daniel E. Koshland Jr. 9685:Earl W. Sutherland Jr. 9151:Industrial engineering 8856:Electrical engineering 8407:Wernher von Braun page 8305:. New York: Atheneum. 7323:www.vonbrauncenter.com 6798:Bergaust, Erik. 1976. 6334:"A 20th-Century Faust" 6301:. Krieger Pub, p. 270 6229:"For Your Information" 5484:FBI Records: The Vault 5453:Inside the Third Reich 5451:Speer, Albert (1995). 5196:Biddle, Wayne (2009). 5098:Warsitz, Lutz (2009). 4946:Speer, Albert (1969). 4797:FBI Records: The Vault 4686:The Reformation Online 4500:FBI Records: The Vault 4140:Biddle, Wayne (2009). 4003:""Von Braun, Wernher"" 3575:Konstantin Tsiolkovsky 3460:The Rocket's Red Glare 3134:The Manhattan Projects 3039:Party at Castle Varlar 2661:: 28 June 1943 (Major) 2512: 2468: 2426: 2349:Engineering philosophy 2337:, and a member of the 2327:National Space Society 2299: 2277: 2225:lunar orbit rendezvous 2221:Earth orbit rendezvous 2146: 2110:Martin Luther King Jr. 2081: 1956: 1897:introduced in 1929 by 1861: 1856:, 1960; following the 1766: 1702: 1650:, a small town in the 1627: 1618:44th Infantry Division 1554: 1454: 1368: 1332: 1323:Science Museum, London 1265: 1248:, BBC, September 2014. 1241: 1171: 1122:Work under Nazi regime 1105: 1022: 1013: 980: 945: 774:Robert III of Scotland 443: 14288:Lunar sample displays 14278:Space Mirror Memorial 14220:Voyager Golden Record 14112:United States rockets 13304: (with the 13212:Launch Control Center 12917:Sylvester James Gates 12303:William Alfred Fowler 12285:Robert Rathbun Wilson 12098:Robert Burns Woodward 10910:Geraldine L. Richmond 10658:Howard E. Simmons Jr. 9941:Rosalyn Sussman Yalow 9870:Vernon B. Mountcastle 9726:Sterling B. Hendricks 9543:Marshall W. Nirenberg 9538:Theodosius Dobzhansky 9386:William Julius Wilson 9085:Arthur David Hall III 9055:Benjamin S. Blanchard 8831:Aerospace engineering 8668:Project Constellation 8448:Remembering Von Braun 7298:"SCHULCHRONIK AM SGF" 7249:Augsburger Allgemeine 7064:Assemblies of God USA 6278:First Men to the Moon 5979:"Reach for the Stars" 5660:Crossbow and Overcast 5232:German Studies Review 4527:German Studies Review 4123:, R. Oldenbourg 1923 3887:German Studies Review 3580:Von Braun Interceptor 3408:First Men to the Moon 3379:. 15 September 1954. 3260:Johann Sebastian Bach 3131:'s comic book series 2874:(1960) – also titled 2719:Civitan International 2680:Elliott Cresson Medal 2498: 2462: 2424: 2297: 2271: 2144: 2076: 1961:human mission to Mars 1950: 1920:2001: A Space Odyssey 1851: 1764: 1710:Edward Stettinius Jr. 1696: 1622: 1544: 1450: 1366: 1327: 1268:On 22 December 1942, 1260: 1233: 1192:aerospace engineering 1168:Province of Pomerania 1149: 1080: 1017: 1008: 984:Nazi Party membership 966: 940: 778:Edward III of England 770:Valdemar I of Denmark 723:human mission to Mars 366:Years of service 311:Elliott Cresson Medal 13306:Soviet space program 13224:Johnson Space Center 13192:Kennedy Space Center 13155:spinoff technologies 12888:Warren M. Washington 12852:Fay Ajzenberg-Selove 12761:Jeremiah P. Ostriker 12706:Martin Schwarzschild 12487:Solomon J. Buchsbaum 12479:J. Robert Schrieffer 12449:E. Margaret Burbidge 12293:Nicolaas Bloembergen 12270:Arie Jan Haagen-Smit 12149:Vladimir K. Zworykin 11901:John Griggs Thompson 11824:Martin David Kruskal 11664:Kurt Otto Friedrichs 11137:Erwin Wilhelm Müller 11091:Ralph Brazelton Peck 11046:Jack St. Clair Kilby 10973:John Robinson Pierce 10940:Engineering sciences 10871:Jacqueline K. Barton 10726:George M. Whitesides 10645:Dudley R. Herschbach 10583:Richard B. Bernstein 10552:Walter H. Stockmayer 10100:Elizabeth F. Neufeld 10031:G. Evelyn Hutchinson 9921:Stanley Norman Cohen 9908:Rita Levi-Montalcini 9744:Keith Roberts Porter 9607:Alfred H. Sturtevant 9602:Michael Heidelberger 9574:Fritz Albert Lipmann 9176:Software engineering 9146:Computer engineering 8778:acting director only 8277:on 1 September 2000. 7416:Flight International 7276:Süddeutschen Zeitung 6339:2 April 2015 at the 6332:Walker, Mark (2008) 6106:Conquest of the Moon 5989:on 21 December 2007. 5658:McGovern, J (1964). 5305:The Huntsville Times 5125:"Mittelbau Overview" 4264:on 12 February 2009. 4049:The Huntsville Times 3925:Nationalaviation.org 3692:(11 November 2008). 3628:on 23 September 2024 3329:Kerbal Space Program 3235:Rocket City, Alabam' 2761:improve this article 2579:Summary of SS career 2309:Fairchild Industries 2233:Kennedy Space Center 2170:Operation Hardtack I 2050:Religious conversion 1929:permanent lunar base 1854:Dwight D. Eisenhower 1843:The Huntsville Times 1676:and inventor of the 1574:mountain range near 1463:The Huntsville Times 1397:calcium permanganate 1390:'s experiments into 1355:was seconded by the 953:Treaty of Versailles 911:, Hermann Oberth or 849:) by rocket pioneer 795:The family moved to 766:Philip III of France 668:. He worked for the 467:Fairchild Industries 166:University of Berlin 130:Alexandria, Virginia 114:Alexandria, Virginia 14553:Operation Paperclip 14315:Apollo 17 Moon mice 14171:Pillars of Creation 14078:Space Shuttle crews 13556:(human and robotic) 13550:Individual featured 13133:Ranks and positions 12938:Shirley Ann Jackson 12857:Charles P. Slichter 12701:Marshall Rosenbluth 12693:Wallace S. Broecker 12646:Eugene M. Shoemaker 12407:Victor F. Weisskopf 12354:Herbert S. Gutowsky 12336:Edgar Bright Wilson 12177:George Kistiakowsky 11795:Stephen Cole Kleene 11306:George H. Heilmeier 11293:Mildred Dresselhaus 11184:Edward H. Heinemann 11114:Frederick E. Terman 11078:Richard T. Whitcomb 10999:Clarence L. Johnson 10960:Theodore von Kármán 10847:Stephen J. Benkovic 10826:Mostafa A. El-Sayed 10813:Marvin H. Caruthers 10768:Ralph F. Hirschmann 10708:Darleane C. Hoffman 10598:Harden M. McConnell 10539:Frank H. Westheimer 10351:Stanley B. Prusiner 10315:Robert J. Lefkowitz 10074:Howard Martin Temin 9931:Maurice R. Hilleman 9926:Joseph L. Goldstein 9865:Donald A. Henderson 9782:Earl Reece Stadtman 9767:Elizabeth C. Crosby 9731:Orville Alvin Vogel 9561:Donald D. Van Slyke 9510:Biological sciences 9156:Operations research 9141:Control engineering 9110:Joseph Francis Shea 8817:Systems engineering 8738:Operation Paperclip 8712:Redstone Test Stand 8547:Huntsville, Alabama 8204:West, Doug (2017). 7958:"Wernher von Braun" 6779:MSFC History Office 6459:Rome Daily American 6431:The American Weekly 6380:Oliver, 2012, p. 24 5897:"Wernher von Braun" 5684:Alles, was ich weiß 5391:on 28 October 2005. 5385:MSFC History Office 5311:on 26 October 2002. 5151:MSFC History Office 4302:"Oberth-museum.org" 4258:MSFC History Office 3843:MSFC History Office 3751:Neufeld, Michael J. 3720:Teitel, Amy Shira. 3653:|archive-date= 3243:Huntsville, Alabama 3194:novel in which the 2971:National Geographic 2840:Film and television 2776:"Wernher von Braun" 2699:Wilhelm Exner Medal 2601:: 1 November 1933 ( 2568:Huntsville, Alabama 2563:" in February 2014. 2375:redundant structure 2356:Mercury-Redstone BD 1981:manuscript, titled 1809:Redstone Arsenal." 1800:, resulting in the 1794:Huntsville, Alabama 1674:Rolls-Royce Limited 1670:Operation Paperclip 1533:regime had fallen. 1516:, in charge of the 1514:Hans Georg Klamroth 1417:concentration camps 1278:Soviet intelligence 1181:Ordnance Department 1143:on the Baltic Sea. 782:Sigismund von Braun 702:that propelled the 666:Operation Paperclip 317:Wilhelm Exner Medal 282:Sigismund von Braun 14613:SS-Sturmbannführer 14117:NASA cancellations 14012:Deep Space Network 14002:Near Earth Network 13487:Living With a Star 13461:Project Prometheus 13441:Planetary Observer 12810:G. Brent Dalrymple 12628:Arthur L. Schawlow 12535:James A. Van Allen 12426:Philip W. Anderson 12382:Richard P. Feynman 12308:Linus Carl Pauling 11943:Dennis P. Sullivan 11500:John B. Goodenough 11433:Edwin N. Lightfoot 11401:Yuan-Cheng B. Fung 11382:Kenneth N. Stevens 11150:Raymond D. Mindlin 11073:Harold E. Edgerton 10918:A. Paul Alivisatos 10797:Stephen J. Lippard 10776:Ernest R. Davidson 10713:Harold S. Johnston 10547:William S. Johnson 10511:George C. Pimentel 10346:Susan L. Lindquist 10328:Francis S. Collins 10222:Victor A. McKusick 10197:Francisco J. Ayala 10179:Nancy C. Andreasen 10129:Robert A. Weinberg 9903:Har Gobind Khorana 9888:Michael E. DeBakey 9875:George Emil Palade 9847:Wendell L. Roelofs 9837:Howard L. Bachrach 9667:Barbara McClintock 9569:Edward F. Knipling 9166:Quality management 9161:Project management 8989:Function modelling 8912:System integration 8881:Safety engineering 8743:list of scientists 8430:on 2 November 2022 8319:Neufeld, Michael J 8259:. Washington, DC: 8224:Additional reading 7911:on 1 December 2017 7853:The New York Times 7716:Ortmanns, Nadine. 7497:Beatrice Daily Sun 7199:on 8 December 2019 7154:The New York Times 7022:The New York Times 6900:either time limit. 6865:The New York Times 6465:New Age Frontiersn 6395:christiantoday.com 6346:American Scientist 5223:Michael J. Neufeld 5027:Dornberger, Walter 4979:on 1 November 2006 4913:Ward, Bob (2013). 4734:on 17 August 2013. 4651:Ward, Bob (2005). 4575:Ward, Bob (2009). 4179:www.britannica.com 4090:Ward, Bob (2005). 3931:on 26 October 2020 3909:– via JSTOR. 3819:. history.nasa.gov 3797:on 2 November 2022 3657:|archive-url= 3547:Spaceflight portal 3237:, a stage play by 3055:Thomas Kretschmann 3015:Ludwig Blochberger 2981:The Lost Von Braun 2953:and aims to reach 2918:Perfumed Nightmare 2909:(1967) – based on 2871:I Aim at the Stars 2733:In popular culture 2693:Langley Gold Medal 2685:Inducted into the 2584:SS number: 185,068 2513: 2469: 2427: 2300: 2278: 2202:Mercury-Redstone 3 2193:Mercury-Redstone 2 2147: 2058:. As described by 2010:This Week Magazine 1957: 1907:artificial gravity 1862: 1767: 1703: 1666:Operation Overcast 1555: 1549:(on the left) and 1386:At the same time, 1369: 1319:Vergeltungswaffe 2 1286:RAF Bomber Command 1266: 1172: 1156:Friedrich Olbricht 1052:Membership in the 1000:Michael J. Neufeld 981: 979:on his suit lapel. 743:Kingdom of Prussia 670:United States Army 617:aerospace engineer 29:Freiherr von Braun 14513:ETH Zurich alumni 14398:Wernher von Braun 14385: 14384: 14298:stolen or missing 14095:uncrewed missions 14073:Apollo astronauts 14068:Gemini astronauts 13986: 13985: 13770:2001 Mars Odyssey 13545: 13544: 13421:Mars Surveyor '98 13379: 13378: 13322: (with 13255:Human spaceflight 13249: 13248: 13207:Launch Complex 48 13202:Launch Complex 39 12954: 12953: 12950: 12949: 12946: 12945: 12883:Esther M. Conwell 12823:Robert N. Clayton 12815:Riccardo Giacconi 12779:Raymond Davis Jr. 12667:Albert Overhauser 12610:Edwin M. McMillan 12571:Arnold O. Beckman 12548:Paul Ching-Wu Chu 12525:Paul C. Lauterbur 12502:Robert Hofstadter 12454:Maurice Goldhaber 12441:Charles H. Townes 12392:Edward M. Purcell 12359:Frederick Rossini 12213:Wolfgang Panofsky 12144:John H. Van Vleck 12060:Physical sciences 12050: 12049: 12046: 12045: 12012:Solomon W. Golomb 11972:Andrew J. Viterbi 11967:Leonard Kleinrock 11914:Calyampudi R. Rao 11882:Ronald R. Coifman 11790:George F. Carrier 11771:Donald C. Spencer 11766:Saunders Mac Lane 11701:Marshall H. Stone 11651:Shiing-Shen Chern 11558:Solomon Lefschetz 11520: 11519: 11516: 11515: 11457:David J. Wineland 11425:John M. Prausnitz 11366:C. Kumar N. Patel 11361:James L. Flanagan 11329:John Roy Whinnery 11316:H. Guyford Stever 11298:Nick Holonyak Jr. 11261:George W. Housner 11256:Willis M. Hawkins 11251:Daniel C. Drucker 11233:Robert Byron Bird 11225:Bernard M. Oliver 11132:Peter C. Goldmark 11119:Wernher von Braun 11065:George E. Mueller 11038:Nathan M. Newmark 11033:J. Presper Eckert 11012:Claude E. Shannon 10981:Charles S. Draper 10930: 10929: 10926: 10925: 10897:Judith P. Klinman 10781:Gábor A. Somorjai 10692:Isabella L. Karle 10679:George S. Hammond 10640:Gertrude B. Elion 10593:Rudolph A. Marcus 10444: 10443: 10440: 10439: 10370:Ralph L. Brinster 10289:Torsten N. Wiesel 10266:Norman E. Borlaug 10253:Solomon H. Snyder 10248:J. Michael Bishop 10207:Mario R. Capecchi 10087:Salome G. Waelsch 10018:E. Donnall Thomas 9893:Theodor O. Diener 9792:Paul Alfred Weiss 9620:Bernard B. Brodie 9556:George G. Simpson 9500: 9499: 9496: 9495: 9445:Michael I. Posner 9346:Eleanor J. Gibson 9298:George J. Stigler 9266:Neal Elgar Miller 9197: 9196: 9120:Manuela M. Veloso 9060:Wernher von Braun 8783: 8782: 8489:Wernher von Braun 7479:The Civitan Story 7193:Thames Television 7139:Los Angeles Times 6520:Ward, Bob (2013) 6154:on 12 August 2021 6058:. 7 December 2015 5967:. pp. 33–35. 5606:on 28 April 2015. 5546:. Prentice Hall. 4868:on 5 October 2012 4466:Ward, Bob. 2013. 3703:978-0-307-38937-4 3478:Chesley Bonestell 3200:Robert H. Goddard 3192:alternate history 3174:Gravity's Rainbow 3121:Ministry of Space 3118:'s graphic novel 3050:Project Blue Book 2876:Wernher von Braun 2837: 2836: 2829: 2811: 2485:Ivy Hill Cemetery 2465:Ivy Hill Cemetery 2303:Career after NASA 2274:President Kennedy 2102:Assemblies of God 1880:Chesley Bonestell 1839:space exploration 1725:Army Intelligence 1705:On 20 June 1945, 1584:Bernhard Tessmann 1551:Bernhard Tessmann 1547:Walter Dornberger 1459:Konrad Dannenberg 1392:hydrogen peroxide 1381:wheels-up landing 1371:In June 1937, at 1308:on 20 June 1944. 1261:Schematic of the 1206:Robert H. Goddard 1177:Walter Dornberger 1152:Walter Dornberger 927:Career in Germany 739:Province of Posen 704:Apollo spacecraft 662:World War II 527: 526: 430:Rocket propulsion 420:Scientific career 126:Ivy Hill Cemetery 56:Von Braun in 1960 44:Wernher von Braun 14635: 14623:V-weapons people 14373: 14372: 14361: 14360: 14199:Fallen Astronaut 13840:Van Allen Probes 13560: 13559: 13466:Mars Exploration 13391: 13390: 13262: 13261: 13030:Space Task Group 13002: 13001: 12981: 12974: 12967: 12958: 12957: 12766:Gilbert F. White 12711:George Wetherill 12605:Allan M. Cormack 12563:Jack Steinberger 12543:D. Allan Bromley 12492:H. Richard Crane 12469:Frederick Reines 12459:Helmut Landsberg 12374:George Uhlenbeck 12275:Vladimir Haensel 12237:Allan R. Sandage 12208:Herbert C. Brown 12190:Herbert Friedman 12116:Leon M. Lederman 12088:Julian Schwinger 12067: 12066: 12056: 12055: 12025:Alexandre Chorin 11999:Richard A. Tapia 11980:David B. Mumford 11808:Alberto Calderón 11753:Joseph B. Keller 11740:Michael Freedman 11709:Herman Goldstine 11563:H. Marston Morse 11537: 11536: 11526: 11525: 11465:Rudolf E. Kálmán 11449:Robert S. Langer 11441:Jan D. Achenbach 11274:Herbert E. Grier 11025:Igor I. Sikorsky 10986:Othmar H. Ammann 10947: 10946: 10936: 10935: 10902:Jerrold Meinwald 10671:Norman Hackerman 10650:Glenn T. Seaborg 10565:William O. Baker 10493:F. Albert Cotton 10461: 10460: 10450: 10449: 10427:Mary-Claire King 10320:Bert W. O'Malley 10276:Thomas E. Starzl 10271:Phillip A. Sharp 10258:Charles Yanofsky 10240:Evelyn M. Witkin 10235:James E. Darnell 10061:Paul C. Zamecnik 10026:Mary Ellen Avery 9998:Herbert W. Boyer 9993:Baruj Benacerraf 9964:Joshua Lederberg 9954:Viktor Hamburger 9916:Michael S. Brown 9762:Robert H. Burris 9517: 9516: 9506: 9505: 9453:Mortimer Mishkin 9378:William K. Estes 9362:Roger N. Shepard 9354:Robert K. Merton 9338:George A. Miller 9285:Herbert A. Simon 9253: 9252: 9242: 9241: 9224: 9217: 9210: 9201: 9200: 9125:John N. Warfield 9095:Robert E. Machol 9024:Systems modeling 9019:Systems analysis 8958:System lifecycle 8943:Business process 8810: 8803: 8796: 8787: 8786: 8755:Redstone Arsenal 8533: 8526: 8519: 8510: 8509: 8485:at vault.fbi.gov 8439: 8437: 8435: 8426:. Archived from 8384: 8365: 8338: 8314: 8297: 8278: 8273:. Archived from 8249: 8237: 8219: 8191: 8190: 8188: 8186: 8172:. Apogee Books. 8163: 8157: 8156: 8154: 8152: 8138:. Apogee Books. 8129: 8123: 8122: 8101: 8090: 8089: 8081: 8075: 8074: 8072: 8070: 8053: 8047: 8046: 8044: 8042: 8025: 8019: 8018: 8011: 8005: 8004: 8002: 8000: 7983: 7974: 7973: 7971: 7969: 7953: 7947: 7946: 7944: 7942: 7927: 7921: 7920: 7918: 7916: 7897: 7891: 7890: 7888: 7886: 7871: 7865: 7864: 7862: 7860: 7843: 7837: 7836: 7834: 7832: 7823:. Archived from 7812: 7806: 7805: 7803: 7801: 7785: 7779: 7764: 7758: 7757: 7755: 7753: 7739: 7733: 7732: 7730: 7728: 7713: 7707: 7706: 7704: 7702: 7691: 7685: 7684: 7682: 7680: 7666: 7660: 7659: 7657: 7655: 7640: 7634: 7633: 7631: 7629: 7623: 7617:. Archived from 7612: 7604: 7598: 7597: 7595: 7593: 7582: 7576: 7575: 7573: 7571: 7557: 7551: 7550: 7548: 7546: 7532: 7526: 7525: 7523: 7521: 7507: 7501: 7500: 7489: 7483: 7482: 7474: 7468: 7467: 7456: 7450: 7449: 7434: 7428: 7427: 7425: 7423: 7413: 7405: 7399: 7392: 7386: 7385: 7384: 7382: 7376: 7369: 7359: 7353: 7352: 7351:(2). March 1950. 7340: 7334: 7333: 7331: 7329: 7315: 7309: 7308: 7306: 7304: 7294: 7288: 7287: 7285: 7283: 7267: 7261: 7260: 7258: 7256: 7240: 7234: 7233: 7215: 7209: 7208: 7206: 7204: 7185: 7179: 7178: 7167: 7161: 7160: 7156:. 18 June 1977. 7149: 7143: 7142: 7134: 7128: 7122: 7116: 7115: 7113: 7111: 7096: 7090: 7084: 7075: 7074: 7072: 7070: 7051: 7045: 7039: 7033: 7032: 7030: 7028: 7013: 7007: 7006: 7004: 7002: 6988: 6982: 6981: 6970: 6964: 6963: 6961: 6950: 6944: 6943: 6925: 6919: 6918: 6907: 6901: 6897: 6891: 6885: 6876: 6875: 6873: 6871: 6862: 6854: 6848: 6847: 6832: 6830: 6825:on 20 March 2007 6809: 6803: 6796: 6790: 6789: 6788:on 21 June 2007. 6787: 6776: 6767: 6761: 6755: 6749: 6742: 6736: 6729: 6723: 6722: 6720: 6718: 6703: 6697: 6696: 6690: 6682: 6676: 6670: 6664: 6658: 6652: 6651: 6617: 6611: 6610: 6594: 6588: 6587: 6585: 6583: 6568: 6562: 6561: 6554: 6548: 6538: 6532: 6518: 6512: 6511: 6505: 6497: 6495: 6493: 6479: 6473: 6454: 6448: 6441: 6435: 6426: 6420: 6413: 6407: 6406: 6404: 6402: 6387: 6381: 6378: 6372: 6356: 6350: 6330: 6324: 6311: 6302: 6295: 6289: 6273: 6267: 6251: 6245: 6244: 6242: 6240: 6224: 6218: 6204: 6198: 6197: 6195: 6193: 6170: 6164: 6163: 6161: 6159: 6153: 6147:. Archived from 6146: 6134: 6128: 6127: 6125: 6123: 6100: 6094: 6093: 6077: 6068: 6067: 6065: 6063: 6048: 6042: 6041: 6039: 6037: 6022: 6016: 6015: 6013: 6011: 5997: 5991: 5990: 5975: 5969: 5968: 5958: 5952: 5951: 5948:2060/19630006100 5935: 5929: 5923: 5918: 5912: 5911: 5909: 5907: 5893: 5887: 5871: 5850: 5849: 5836:Power to Explore 5831: 5825: 5824: 5822: 5820: 5800: 5794: 5793: 5778: 5772: 5771: 5769: 5767: 5753: 5747: 5746: 5730: 5724: 5723: 5721: 5719: 5707:Fauzia, Miriam. 5704: 5698: 5697: 5679: 5673: 5670: 5664: 5663: 5655: 5649: 5646: 5640: 5639: 5615: 5609: 5607: 5602:. Archived from 5596: 5590: 5589: 5587: 5585: 5562: 5556: 5555: 5539: 5533: 5532: 5511:Cadbury, Deborah 5507: 5496: 5495: 5493: 5491: 5476: 5467: 5466: 5448: 5442: 5441: 5433: 5427: 5426: 5424: 5422: 5399: 5393: 5392: 5377: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5366: 5344: 5338: 5337: 5319: 5313: 5312: 5307:. Archived from 5296: 5290: 5289: 5287: 5285: 5262: 5256: 5242: 5236: 5225:(February 2002) 5220: 5214: 5213: 5193: 5184: 5183: 5165: 5159: 5158: 5143: 5137: 5136: 5134: 5132: 5120: 5114: 5113: 5095: 5080: 5079: 5077: 5075: 5056:, 160–162, 190. 5051: 5041: 5035: 5034: 5023: 5014: 5013: 4995: 4989: 4988: 4986: 4984: 4965: 4959: 4944: 4938: 4937: 4935: 4933: 4910: 4904: 4903: 4901: 4899: 4887: 4878: 4877: 4875: 4873: 4854: 4848: 4847: 4838:"Robert Goddard" 4830: 4824: 4818: 4809: 4808: 4806: 4804: 4789: 4783: 4782: 4780: 4778: 4755: 4749: 4742: 4736: 4735: 4724: 4715: 4714: 4712: 4710: 4696: 4690: 4689: 4678: 4672: 4671: 4648: 4639: 4638: 4636: 4634: 4611: 4605: 4604: 4597: 4591: 4590: 4572: 4566: 4565: 4563: 4561: 4518: 4512: 4511: 4509: 4507: 4492: 4471: 4464: 4455: 4448: 4442: 4441: 4429: 4423: 4422: 4403:Neufeld, Michael 4399: 4360: 4359: 4324: 4318: 4317: 4315: 4313: 4297: 4291: 4272: 4266: 4265: 4250: 4239: 4238: 4236: 4234: 4223: 4217: 4197: 4191: 4190: 4188: 4186: 4171: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4160: 4137: 4131: 4114: 4108: 4107: 4087: 4070: 4069:. Stollhamm 1955 4063: 4057: 4056: 4044: 4035: 4029: 4023: 4022: 4020: 4018: 4009:. Archived from 4007:Erratik Institut 3999: 3993: 3992: 3973:Magill, Frank N. 3969: 3963: 3962: 3960: 3958: 3947: 3941: 3940: 3938: 3936: 3927:. Archived from 3917: 3911: 3910: 3878: 3872: 3871: 3860: 3851: 3850: 3835: 3829: 3828: 3826: 3824: 3813: 3807: 3806: 3804: 3802: 3793:. Archived from 3782: 3771: 3770: 3768: 3766: 3747: 3730: 3729: 3717: 3708: 3707: 3690:Neufeld, Michael 3686: 3665: 3664: 3658: 3654: 3650: 3648: 3640: 3635: 3633: 3624:. Archived from 3618: 3612: 3609: 3600: 3596: 3549: 3544: 3543: 3542: 3535: 3530: 3529: 3521: 3519:Biography portal 3516: 3515: 3514: 3499: 3454: 3425: 3403: 3396:Arthur C. Clarke 3388:The Mars Project 3383: 3372: 3347: 3313:In video games: 3255:Infinite Journey 3129:Jonathan Hickman 3110:In print media: 3043:Christian Oliver 2991:- A three-part ( 2860:" – episodes of 2854:Man and the Moon 2832: 2825: 2821: 2818: 2812: 2810: 2769: 2745: 2737: 2649:Hauptsturmführer 2631:Untersturmführer 2572:Von Braun Center 2282:Washington, D.C. 2068:fröhlicher Heide 2060:Ernst Stuhlinger 2028:standard gravity 1966:The Mars Project 1871:Collier's Weekly 1798:Redstone Arsenal 1727:Service post at 1689:U.S. Army career 1662:Kransberg Castle 1578:. The U.S. Army 1475:Heinrich Himmler 1367:A regular He 112 1249: 1110:Untersturmführer 1069:Untersturmführer 977:Nazi party badge 786:Magnus von Braun 749:and now Poland. 643:space technology 609: 605: 600: 599: 596: 595: 592: 589: 586: 583: 579: 578: 575: 572: 568: 567: 564: 561: 558: 555: 548: 540: 535: 523: 495:Doctoral advisor 489: 457:Redstone Arsenal 448: 353: 288:Magnus von Braun 262:Magnus von Braun 240: 238: 205:for Nazi Germany 109: 79: 77: 54: 40: 39: 14643: 14642: 14638: 14637: 14636: 14634: 14633: 14632: 14608:Space advocates 14388: 14387: 14386: 14381: 14349: 14249: 14240:Mission patches 14215:Pioneer plaques 14178:Mystic Mountain 14155:Family Portrait 14148:The Blue Marble 14132: 14126: 14100:Apollo missions 14041: 13993: 13982: 13949: 13754: 13748: 13585:Mercury-Atlas 6 13555: 13551: 13541: 13475: 13411:Mariner Mark II 13375: 13356:Commercial Crew 13334: 13257: 13245: 13229:Mission Control 13128:Astronaut Corps 13123:Chief Scientist 13101: 13006: 12990: 12985: 12955: 12942: 12930:Sean C. Solomon 12892: 12844:Daniel Kleppner 12836:Lonnie Thompson 12831:Ralph A. Alpher 12797:W. Jason Morgan 12784:Charles Keeling 12774:Marvin L. Cohen 12741: 12724:John N. Bahcall 12719:Don L. Anderson 12685:Peter Goldreich 12638:Steven Weinberg 12590: 12520:Walter Elsasser 12497:Herman Feshbach 12411: 12349:Samuel Goudsmit 12341:Chien-Shiung Wu 12280:Frederick Seitz 12247:John A. Wheeler 12232:Robert H. Dicke 12217: 12080:Luis W. Alvarez 12061: 12042: 12030:David Blackwell 11984: 11935:Carl R. de Boor 11906:Karen Uhlenbeck 11886: 11840:Louis Nirenberg 11775: 11748:Ralph E. Gomory 11686: 11682:Donald E. Knuth 11669:Hassler Whitney 11607: 11531: 11512: 11477: 11409:Andreas Acrivos 11386: 11374:Eli Ruckenstein 11353:Hermann A. Haus 11324:Calvin F. Quate 11311:Luna B. Leopold 11278: 11169: 11155:Robert N. Noyce 11145:Emmett N. Leith 11104:Manson Benedict 11086:Rudolf Kompfner 11050: 11004:Warren K. Lewis 10941: 10922: 10856: 10818:Peter B. Dervan 10789:John I. Brauman 10748: 10700:Norman Davidson 10627:John D. Roberts 10602: 10570:Konrad E. Bloch 10516:Richard N. Zare 10478: 10455: 10436: 10393:Sallie Chisholm 10375:Rudolf Jaenisch 10355: 10338:J. Craig Venter 10297:Rita R. Colwell 10164: 10150:David Baltimore 10041:Robert W. Kates 10013:David G. Nathan 10008:Edward B. Lewis 9978: 9974:Harland G. Wood 9969:Roger W. Sperry 9824:Glenn W. Burton 9796: 9772:Arthur Kornberg 9739:Roger Guillemin 9716:Hallowell Davis 9680:Daniel I. Arnon 9672:Albert B. Sabin 9652: 9625:Detlev W. Bronk 9597:Harry F. Harlow 9592:Kenneth S. Cole 9579:William C. Rose 9551:Francis P. Rous 9511: 9492: 9457: 9437:Gordon H. Bower 9398: 9394:Robert M. Solow 9310: 9306:Milton Friedman 9270: 9247: 9236: 9228: 9198: 9193: 9180: 9171:Risk management 9129: 9070:Harold Chestnut 9065:Kathleen Carley 9033: 9009:System dynamics 8984:Decision-making 8972: 8948:Fault tolerance 8931: 8890: 8819: 8814: 8784: 8779: 8769: 8760:Redstone Rocket 8726: 8687: 8663:Gravity Probe B 8636: 8550: 8537: 8461:Wayback Machine 8433: 8431: 8391: 8381: 8368: 8354: 8341: 8335: 8317: 8300: 8294: 8281: 8271: 8252: 8246: 8229: 8226: 8216: 8200: 8195: 8194: 8184: 8182: 8180: 8164: 8160: 8150: 8148: 8146: 8130: 8126: 8119: 8109:The Rocket Team 8102: 8093: 8082: 8078: 8068: 8066: 8054: 8050: 8040: 8038: 8026: 8022: 8013: 8012: 8008: 7998: 7996: 7985: 7984: 7977: 7967: 7965: 7954: 7950: 7940: 7938: 7929: 7928: 7924: 7914: 7912: 7899: 7898: 7894: 7884: 7882: 7872: 7868: 7858: 7856: 7844: 7840: 7830: 7828: 7827:on 21 June 2008 7813: 7809: 7799: 7797: 7787: 7786: 7782: 7765: 7761: 7751: 7749: 7741: 7740: 7736: 7726: 7724: 7714: 7710: 7700: 7698: 7693: 7692: 7688: 7678: 7676: 7668: 7667: 7663: 7653: 7651: 7642: 7641: 7637: 7627: 7625: 7624:on 6 March 2023 7621: 7610: 7606: 7605: 7601: 7591: 7589: 7584: 7583: 7579: 7569: 7567: 7559: 7558: 7554: 7544: 7542: 7534: 7533: 7529: 7519: 7517: 7509: 7508: 7504: 7493:"Hall of Famer" 7491: 7490: 7486: 7475: 7471: 7458: 7457: 7453: 7442:achievement.org 7436: 7435: 7431: 7421: 7419: 7411: 7407: 7406: 7402: 7393: 7389: 7380: 7378: 7377:on 4 March 2013 7374: 7367: 7361: 7360: 7356: 7342: 7341: 7337: 7327: 7325: 7317: 7316: 7312: 7302: 7300: 7296: 7295: 7291: 7281: 7279: 7268: 7264: 7254: 7252: 7241: 7237: 7230: 7216: 7212: 7202: 7200: 7187: 7186: 7182: 7169: 7168: 7164: 7151: 7150: 7146: 7136: 7135: 7131: 7123: 7119: 7109: 7107: 7097: 7093: 7085: 7078: 7068: 7066: 7052: 7048: 7040: 7036: 7026: 7024: 7014: 7010: 7000: 6998: 6990: 6989: 6985: 6980:. 13 July 1999. 6972: 6971: 6967: 6959: 6951: 6947: 6940: 6926: 6922: 6909: 6908: 6904: 6898: 6894: 6886: 6879: 6869: 6867: 6855: 6851: 6828: 6826: 6811: 6810: 6806: 6797: 6793: 6785: 6774: 6768: 6764: 6756: 6752: 6746:Popular Science 6743: 6739: 6730: 6726: 6716: 6714: 6704: 6700: 6688: 6684: 6683: 6679: 6671: 6667: 6659: 6655: 6650:. SP-2000-4408. 6632: 6618: 6614: 6595: 6591: 6581: 6579: 6570: 6569: 6565: 6556: 6555: 6551: 6547:2006; 22:52–62. 6539: 6535: 6519: 6515: 6499: 6498: 6491: 6489: 6480: 6476: 6455: 6451: 6442: 6438: 6427: 6423: 6414: 6410: 6400: 6398: 6389: 6388: 6384: 6379: 6375: 6357: 6353: 6341:Wayback Machine 6331: 6327: 6312: 6305: 6296: 6292: 6274: 6270: 6252: 6248: 6238: 6236: 6225: 6221: 6205: 6201: 6191: 6189: 6187: 6171: 6167: 6157: 6155: 6151: 6144: 6136: 6135: 6131: 6121: 6119: 6117: 6101: 6097: 6078: 6071: 6061: 6059: 6050: 6049: 6045: 6035: 6033: 6023: 6019: 6009: 6007: 5998: 5994: 5977: 5976: 5972: 5959: 5955: 5936: 5932: 5921: 5919: 5915: 5905: 5903: 5895: 5894: 5890: 5872: 5853: 5846: 5832: 5828: 5818: 5816: 5801: 5797: 5780: 5779: 5775: 5765: 5763: 5755: 5754: 5750: 5731: 5727: 5717: 5715: 5705: 5701: 5694: 5680: 5676: 5671: 5667: 5656: 5652: 5647: 5643: 5636: 5616: 5612: 5598: 5597: 5593: 5583: 5581: 5579: 5563: 5559: 5540: 5536: 5529: 5508: 5499: 5489: 5487: 5478: 5477: 5470: 5463: 5449: 5445: 5434: 5430: 5420: 5418: 5416: 5400: 5396: 5379: 5378: 5374: 5364: 5362: 5360: 5346: 5345: 5341: 5334: 5320: 5316: 5297: 5293: 5283: 5281: 5279: 5263: 5259: 5243: 5239: 5221: 5217: 5210: 5194: 5187: 5166: 5162: 5157:on 26 May 2002. 5145: 5144: 5140: 5130: 5128: 5121: 5117: 5110: 5096: 5083: 5073: 5071: 5064: 5042: 5038: 5024: 5017: 5010: 4996: 4992: 4982: 4980: 4967: 4966: 4962: 4945: 4941: 4931: 4929: 4927: 4911: 4907: 4897: 4895: 4888: 4881: 4871: 4869: 4862:Popular Science 4856: 4855: 4851: 4831: 4827: 4819: 4812: 4802: 4800: 4791: 4790: 4786: 4776: 4774: 4772: 4756: 4752: 4743: 4739: 4726: 4725: 4718: 4708: 4706: 4697: 4693: 4680: 4679: 4675: 4665: 4649: 4642: 4632: 4630: 4628: 4612: 4608: 4599: 4598: 4594: 4587: 4573: 4569: 4559: 4557: 4539:10.2307/1433245 4519: 4515: 4505: 4503: 4494: 4493: 4474: 4465: 4458: 4449: 4445: 4430: 4426: 4419: 4400: 4363: 4348: 4340:. p. 416. 4325: 4321: 4311: 4309: 4298: 4294: 4276:Jacques Piccard 4273: 4269: 4252: 4251: 4242: 4232: 4230: 4229:. Biography.com 4225: 4224: 4220: 4198: 4194: 4184: 4182: 4181:. 19 March 2024 4173: 4172: 4168: 4158: 4156: 4154: 4146:. W.W. Norton. 4138: 4134: 4115: 4111: 4104: 4088: 4073: 4064: 4060: 4045: 4038: 4030: 4026: 4016: 4014: 4013:on 19 July 2011 4001: 4000: 3996: 3989: 3970: 3966: 3956: 3954: 3949: 3948: 3944: 3934: 3932: 3919: 3918: 3914: 3899:10.2307/1433245 3879: 3875: 3870:. 18 July 2019. 3862: 3861: 3854: 3837: 3836: 3832: 3822: 3820: 3815: 3814: 3810: 3800: 3798: 3783: 3774: 3764: 3762: 3753:(20 May 2019). 3748: 3733: 3718: 3711: 3704: 3687: 3668: 3656: 3652: 3651: 3642: 3641: 3631: 3629: 3620: 3619: 3615: 3610: 3603: 3597: 3593: 3588: 3545: 3540: 3538: 3531: 3524: 3517: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3496: 3483: 3451: 3434: 3420: 3394: 3375: 3367: 3342: 3339: 3337:Published works 3154:The Good German 3148:In literature: 3062:For All Mankind 3022:American Genius 2975:Richard Dillane 2931:Norbert Weisser 2858:Mars and Beyond 2833: 2822: 2816: 2813: 2770: 2768: 2758: 2746: 2735: 2730: 2668: 2658:Sturmbannführer 2640:Obersturmführer 2594: 2581: 2570:, is named the 2533:Soviet rocketry 2529:Helmut Gröttrup 2507:, Alabama Gov. 2493: 2457: 2425:Maria von Braun 2419: 2383:Brooklyn Bridge 2351: 2305: 2272:Von Braun with 2211:to carry heavy 2151:Vanguard rocket 2139: 2133:in Washington. 2126:orbit-to-ground 2117: 2052: 2024:escape velocity 1899:Herman Potočnik 1834: 1802:Redstone rocket 1748:Albert Einstein 1691: 1686: 1684:American career 1539: 1495:Helmut Gröttrup 1471: 1409: 1388:Hellmuth Walter 1337: 1315: 1290:Operation Hydra 1251: 1243: 1170:, in March 1941 1124: 1115:Sturmbannführer 1084:Reichsführer-SS 1057: 1038:Charlie Chaplin 1030:totalitarianism 986: 971:, who utilized 967:Von Braun with 961: 933:Auguste Piccard 929: 758:Weimar Republic 731: 621:space architect 614:German-American 607: 603: 580: 569: 552: 543: 542: 533: 487: 471: 406: 401:War Merit Cross 380:Sturmbannführer 337:Military career 328: 293: 270: 242: 239: 1947) 234: 230: 227: 210:Political party 184:Rocket engineer 175: 117: 111: 107: 98: 81: 75: 73: 72: 71: 57: 45: 36: 17: 12: 11: 5: 14641: 14631: 14630: 14625: 14620: 14615: 14610: 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Lamb 12753: 12749: 12747: 12743: 12742: 12740: 12739: 12734: 12729: 12726: 12721: 12716: 12713: 12708: 12703: 12698: 12695: 12690: 12687: 12682: 12677: 12674: 12669: 12664: 12661: 12656: 12651: 12648: 12643: 12640: 12635: 12630: 12625: 12622: 12617: 12612: 12607: 12602: 12598: 12596: 12592: 12591: 12589: 12588: 12583: 12578: 12573: 12568: 12565: 12560: 12555: 12550: 12545: 12540: 12537: 12532: 12527: 12522: 12517: 12515:Philip Abelson 12512: 12509: 12507:Chen-Ning Yang 12504: 12499: 12494: 12489: 12484: 12481: 12476: 12474:Bruno B. Rossi 12471: 12466: 12461: 12456: 12451: 12446: 12443: 12438: 12433: 12431:Yoichiro Nambu 12428: 12423: 12419: 12417: 12413: 12412: 12410: 12409: 12404: 12399: 12394: 12389: 12384: 12379: 12376: 12371: 12366: 12361: 12356: 12351: 12346: 12343: 12338: 12333: 12328: 12323: 12318: 12315: 12310: 12305: 12300: 12295: 12290: 12287: 12282: 12277: 12272: 12267: 12262: 12257: 12254: 12249: 12244: 12242:John C. Slater 12239: 12234: 12229: 12225: 12223: 12219: 12218: 12216: 12215: 12210: 12205: 12202: 12197: 12192: 12187: 12182: 12179: 12174: 12169: 12164: 12159: 12154: 12151: 12146: 12141: 12136: 12131: 12129:Jacob Bjerknes 12126: 12123: 12118: 12113: 12108: 12103: 12100: 12095: 12090: 12085: 12082: 12077: 12073: 12071: 12063: 12062: 12052: 12051: 12048: 12047: 12044: 12043: 12041: 12040: 12035: 12032: 12027: 12022: 12019: 12014: 12009: 12006: 12001: 11996: 11992: 11990: 11986: 11985: 11983: 11982: 11977: 11974: 11969: 11964: 11961: 11956: 11953: 11948: 11945: 11940: 11937: 11932: 11929: 11927:James G. Glimm 11924: 11921: 11919:Elias M. Stein 11916: 11911: 11908: 11903: 11898: 11894: 11892: 11888: 11887: 11885: 11884: 11879: 11874: 11871: 11866: 11863: 11861:Shing-Tung Yau 11858: 11855: 11850: 11845: 11842: 11837: 11834: 11829: 11826: 11821: 11818: 11813: 11810: 11805: 11802: 11797: 11792: 11787: 11783: 11781: 11777: 11776: 11774: 11773: 11768: 11763: 11758: 11755: 11750: 11745: 11742: 11737: 11732: 11729: 11727:Antoni Zygmund 11724: 11719: 11716: 11714:Isadore Singer 11711: 11706: 11703: 11698: 11694: 11692: 11688: 11687: 11685: 11684: 11679: 11677:Joseph L. Doob 11674: 11671: 11666: 11661: 11658: 11656:George Dantzig 11653: 11648: 11646:John W. Backus 11643: 11640: 11635: 11632: 11627: 11624: 11622:Richard Brauer 11619: 11615: 11613: 11609: 11608: 11606: 11605: 11603:William Feller 11600: 11597: 11592: 11589: 11584: 11581: 11576: 11573: 11568: 11565: 11560: 11555: 11552: 11550:Norbert Wiener 11547: 11543: 11541: 11533: 11532: 11522: 11521: 11518: 11517: 11514: 11513: 11511: 11510: 11508:Thomas Kailath 11505: 11502: 11497: 11494: 11489: 11485: 11483: 11479: 11478: 11476: 11475: 11470: 11467: 11462: 11459: 11454: 11451: 11446: 11443: 11438: 11435: 11430: 11427: 11422: 11419: 11414: 11411: 11406: 11403: 11398: 11394: 11392: 11388: 11387: 11385: 11384: 11379: 11376: 11371: 11368: 11363: 11358: 11355: 11350: 11347: 11342: 11339: 11334: 11331: 11326: 11321: 11318: 11313: 11308: 11303: 11300: 11295: 11290: 11286: 11284: 11280: 11279: 11277: 11276: 11271: 11266: 11263: 11258: 11253: 11248: 11245: 11240: 11238:H. Bolton Seed 11235: 11230: 11227: 11222: 11217: 11212: 11209: 11204: 11199: 11194: 11191: 11189:Donald L. Katz 11186: 11181: 11177: 11175: 11171: 11170: 11168: 11167: 11162: 11160:Earl R. Parker 11157: 11152: 11147: 11142: 11139: 11134: 11129: 11124: 11121: 11116: 11111: 11106: 11101: 11098: 11093: 11088: 11083: 11080: 11075: 11070: 11067: 11062: 11058: 11056: 11052: 11051: 11049: 11048: 11043: 11040: 11035: 11030: 11027: 11022: 11017: 11014: 11009: 11006: 11001: 10996: 10994:Hugh L. Dryden 10991: 10988: 10983: 10978: 10975: 10970: 10965: 10962: 10957: 10953: 10951: 10943: 10942: 10932: 10931: 10928: 10927: 10924: 10923: 10921: 10920: 10915: 10912: 10907: 10904: 10899: 10894: 10891: 10886: 10881: 10878: 10876:Peter J. Stang 10873: 10868: 10864: 10862: 10858: 10857: 10855: 10854: 10852:Marye Anne Fox 10849: 10844: 10841: 10836: 10831: 10828: 10823: 10820: 10815: 10810: 10807: 10805:Tobin J. Marks 10802: 10799: 10794: 10791: 10786: 10783: 10778: 10773: 10770: 10765: 10760: 10756: 10754: 10750: 10749: 10747: 10746: 10741: 10736: 10734:Stuart A. Rice 10731: 10728: 10723: 10718: 10715: 10710: 10705: 10702: 10697: 10694: 10689: 10684: 10681: 10676: 10673: 10668: 10666:Donald J. Cram 10663: 10660: 10655: 10652: 10647: 10642: 10637: 10635:Ronald Breslow 10632: 10629: 10624: 10619: 10614: 10610: 10608: 10604: 10603: 10601: 10600: 10595: 10590: 10585: 10580: 10577: 10575:Elias J. Corey 10572: 10567: 10562: 10559: 10554: 10549: 10544: 10541: 10536: 10534:Carl S. Marvel 10531: 10526: 10521: 10518: 10513: 10508: 10506:Roald Hoffmann 10503: 10500: 10495: 10490: 10486: 10484: 10480: 10479: 10477: 10476: 10471: 10467: 10465: 10457: 10456: 10446: 10445: 10442: 10441: 10438: 10437: 10435: 10434: 10429: 10424: 10422:Stanley Falkow 10419: 10416: 10414:Rakesh K. Jain 10411: 10408: 10403: 10398: 10395: 10390: 10385: 10380: 10377: 10372: 10367: 10363: 10361: 10357: 10356: 10354: 10353: 10348: 10343: 10340: 10335: 10330: 10325: 10322: 10317: 10312: 10309: 10304: 10299: 10294: 10291: 10286: 10281: 10278: 10273: 10268: 10263: 10260: 10255: 10250: 10245: 10242: 10237: 10232: 10229: 10224: 10219: 10217:Gene E. Likens 10214: 10209: 10204: 10202:George F. Bass 10199: 10194: 10191: 10186: 10184:Peter H. Raven 10181: 10176: 10172: 10170: 10166: 10165: 10163: 10162: 10157: 10152: 10147: 10144: 10139: 10134: 10131: 10126: 10121: 10118: 10113: 10110: 10108:Alexander Rich 10105: 10102: 10097: 10092: 10089: 10084: 10082:Daniel Nathans 10079: 10076: 10071: 10066: 10063: 10058: 10056:Folke K. Skoog 10053: 10048: 10046:Salvador Luria 10043: 10038: 10036:Elvin A. Kabat 10033: 10028: 10023: 10020: 10015: 10010: 10005: 10000: 9995: 9990: 9986: 9984: 9980: 9979: 9977: 9976: 9971: 9966: 9961: 9956: 9951: 9949:Katherine Esau 9946: 9943: 9938: 9936:Eric R. Kandel 9933: 9928: 9923: 9918: 9913: 9910: 9905: 9900: 9895: 9890: 9885: 9882: 9880:Joan A. Steitz 9877: 9872: 9867: 9862: 9857: 9854: 9852:Berta Scharrer 9849: 9844: 9839: 9834: 9831: 9826: 9821: 9819:Seymour Benzer 9816: 9813: 9811:Philip Handler 9808: 9804: 9802: 9798: 9797: 9795: 9794: 9789: 9784: 9779: 9774: 9769: 9764: 9759: 9756: 9751: 9746: 9741: 9736: 9733: 9728: 9723: 9718: 9713: 9710: 9705: 9700: 9698:Erwin Chargaff 9695: 9693:Britton Chance 9690: 9687: 9682: 9677: 9674: 9669: 9664: 9660: 9658: 9654: 9653: 9651: 9650: 9645: 9643:Robert Huebner 9640: 9637: 9632: 9627: 9622: 9617: 9612: 9609: 9604: 9599: 9594: 9589: 9586: 9581: 9576: 9571: 9566: 9563: 9558: 9553: 9548: 9545: 9540: 9535: 9532: 9530:C. B. van Niel 9527: 9523: 9521: 9513: 9512: 9502: 9501: 9498: 9497: 9494: 9493: 9491: 9490: 9488:Albert Bandura 9485: 9482: 9480:Robert Axelrod 9477: 9474: 9469: 9465: 9463: 9459: 9458: 9456: 9455: 9450: 9447: 9442: 9439: 9434: 9431: 9426: 9423: 9421:R. Duncan Luce 9418: 9415: 9410: 9406: 9404: 9400: 9399: 9397: 9396: 9391: 9388: 9383: 9380: 9375: 9372: 9370:Paul Samuelson 9367: 9364: 9359: 9356: 9351: 9348: 9343: 9340: 9335: 9332: 9330:Patrick Suppes 9327: 9325:Leonid Hurwicz 9322: 9318: 9316: 9312: 9311: 9309: 9308: 9303: 9300: 9295: 9290: 9287: 9282: 9278: 9276: 9272: 9271: 9269: 9268: 9263: 9259: 9257: 9249: 9248: 9238: 9237: 9227: 9226: 9219: 9212: 9204: 9195: 9194: 9192: 9191: 9185: 9182: 9181: 9179: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9143: 9137: 9135: 9134:Related fields 9131: 9130: 9128: 9127: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9102: 9100:Radhika Nagpal 9097: 9092: 9090:Derek Hitchins 9087: 9082: 9077: 9072: 9067: 9062: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9045:James S. Albus 9041: 9039: 9035: 9034: 9032: 9031: 9026: 9021: 9016: 9011: 9006: 9001: 8996: 8991: 8986: 8980: 8978: 8974: 8973: 8971: 8970: 8965: 8960: 8955: 8950: 8945: 8939: 8937: 8933: 8932: 8930: 8929: 8924: 8919: 8914: 8909: 8904: 8898: 8896: 8892: 8891: 8889: 8888: 8883: 8878: 8873: 8868: 8863: 8858: 8853: 8848: 8843: 8838: 8833: 8827: 8825: 8821: 8820: 8813: 8812: 8805: 8798: 8790: 8781: 8780: 8774: 8771: 8770: 8768: 8767: 8762: 8757: 8752: 8747: 8746: 8745: 8734: 8732: 8728: 8727: 8725: 8724: 8719: 8714: 8709: 8704: 8698: 8696: 8689: 8688: 8686: 8685: 8680: 8675: 8670: 8665: 8660: 8655: 8650: 8644: 8642: 8638: 8637: 8635: 8634: 8629: 8624: 8619: 8614: 8609: 8604: 8599: 8594: 8589: 8584: 8579: 8574: 8569: 8564: 8558: 8556: 8552: 8551: 8536: 8535: 8528: 8521: 8513: 8507: 8506: 8500: 8495: 8486: 8480: 8474: 8468: 8463: 8451: 8445: 8440: 8415: 8410: 8404: 8398: 8390: 8389:External links 8387: 8386: 8385: 8380:978-0195329667 8379: 8366: 8353:978-0521882705 8352: 8339: 8334:978-0029228951 8333: 8315: 8298: 8293:978-0962813412 8292: 8279: 8270:978-0160589928 8269: 8250: 8245:978-0813026916 8244: 8225: 8222: 8221: 8220: 8215:978-1977927910 8214: 8199: 8196: 8193: 8192: 8179:978-1894959643 8178: 8158: 8145:978-0973820331 8144: 8124: 8118:978-1894959001 8117: 8091: 8076: 8048: 8020: 8006: 7995:. 1 March 2003 7975: 7948: 7922: 7892: 7866: 7838: 7807: 7780: 7759: 7734: 7722:kontinente.org 7708: 7686: 7661: 7648:Kidlat Tahimik 7635: 7599: 7577: 7552: 7527: 7502: 7484: 7469: 7451: 7429: 7400: 7387: 7354: 7335: 7310: 7289: 7262: 7235: 7229:978-1931741491 7228: 7210: 7180: 7162: 7144: 7129: 7117: 7091: 7076: 7046: 7034: 7008: 6983: 6965: 6945: 6939:978-0813122458 6938: 6920: 6902: 6892: 6877: 6849: 6804: 6791: 6762: 6750: 6737: 6724: 6698: 6677: 6665: 6653: 6631:978-1780393018 6630: 6612: 6589: 6563: 6549: 6533: 6513: 6474: 6449: 6436: 6421: 6408: 6382: 6373: 6370:978-1421407883 6351: 6325: 6320:The New Yorker 6303: 6290: 6287:978-0030302954 6268: 6265:978-0757302312 6246: 6219: 6216:978-0973820331 6199: 6186:978-0917680014 6185: 6165: 6129: 6116:978-0598825162 6115: 6095: 6069: 6043: 6017: 5992: 5970: 5953: 5930: 5913: 5888: 5885:978-0805081473 5851: 5844: 5826: 5795: 5773: 5748: 5725: 5699: 5693:978-3776620924 5692: 5674: 5665: 5650: 5641: 5635:978-0465028870 5634: 5610: 5591: 5578:978-0160589928 5577: 5557: 5534: 5528:978-0007212996 5527: 5497: 5468: 5462:978-1842127353 5461: 5443: 5428: 5415:978-0788181863 5414: 5394: 5372: 5359:978-0912799032 5358: 5339: 5333:978-1566635110 5332: 5314: 5291: 5278:978-0894648427 5277: 5257: 5254:978-3922131946 5237: 5215: 5209:978-0393072648 5208: 5185: 5160: 5138: 5127:. V2rocket.com 5123:Tracy Dungan. 5115: 5109:978-1844158188 5108: 5081: 5062: 5036: 5015: 5009:978-0672527593 5008: 4990: 4960: 4939: 4926:978-1612514048 4925: 4905: 4879: 4849: 4825: 4810: 4784: 4771:978-0917680014 4770: 4750: 4737: 4716: 4691: 4673: 4664:978-1591149262 4663: 4640: 4627:978-1588344670 4626: 4606: 4592: 4586:978-1591149279 4585: 4567: 4513: 4472: 4456: 4443: 4424: 4418:978-0307262929 4417: 4361: 4347:978-0333692851 4346: 4328:Davies, Norman 4319: 4308:on 26 May 2011 4292: 4288:978-3423346160 4267: 4240: 4218: 4192: 4166: 4153:978-0393059106 4152: 4132: 4121:Hermann Oberth 4109: 4103:978-1591149262 4102: 4071: 4058: 4051:. p. 1A. 4036: 4024: 3994: 3988:978-1136593345 3987: 3964: 3942: 3912: 3873: 3852: 3830: 3808: 3772: 3731: 3709: 3702: 3666: 3613: 3601: 3590: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3583: 3582: 3577: 3572: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3551: 3550: 3536: 3533:Physics portal 3522: 3506: 3503: 3502: 3501: 3495:978-1894959643 3494: 3481: 3469: 3463: 3457: 3456: 3455: 3450:978-0061818981 3449: 3426: 3418: 3404: 3398:, ed. (1967). 3392: 3384: 3373: 3365: 3364: 3363: 3346:. 6 July 1939. 3338: 3335: 3334: 3333: 3324: 3320:System Shock 2 3317:A starship in 3311: 3310: 3292: 3267: 3247: 3246: 3228: 3227: 3215: 3212:Michael Chabon 3203: 3202:and von Braun. 3179: 3170: 3167:James Michener 3158: 3146: 3145: 3138: 3125: 3108: 3107: 3104:Mads Mikkelsen 3095: 3083: 3082: 3070: 3058: 3046: 3030: 3018: 2984: 2978: 2958: 2942: 2934: 2922: 2914: 2906:Frozen Flashes 2902: 2899: 2867: 2835: 2834: 2749: 2747: 2740: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2728: 2722: 2716: 2709: 2702: 2696: 2690: 2683: 2677: 2669: 2667: 2664: 2663: 2662: 2653: 2644: 2635: 2618: 2617: 2606: 2593: 2590: 2589: 2588: 2585: 2580: 2577: 2576: 2575: 2564: 2548: 2545:Arthur Rudolph 2537: 2525: 2517:Apollo program 2492: 2489: 2474:Gerald R. Ford 2456: 2453: 2446:Margrit Cécile 2418: 2415: 2406:George Wallace 2379:Krafft Ehricke 2371:safety factors 2364:Sergei Korolev 2350: 2347: 2304: 2301: 2217:Apollo program 2209:Saturn rockets 2182:4 inch mission 2166:Johnston Atoll 2138: 2135: 2116: 2113: 2051: 2048: 2040:weightlessness 1996:Disney studios 1858:Sputnik crisis 1833: 1830: 1771:Hermes project 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1538: 1535: 1512:Through Major 1470: 1467: 1438:Mittelbau-Dora 1429:Arthur Rudolph 1408: 1405: 1347:and later two 1336: 1333: 1232: 1179:, arranged an 1123: 1120: 1056: 1050: 985: 982: 960: 957: 928: 925: 877:Fritz von Opel 851:Hermann Oberth 817:Paul Hindemith 730: 727: 637:technology in 525: 524: 516: 515: 511: 510: 507: 506: 503: 502: 500:Erich Schumann 497: 491: 490: 479: 473: 472: 470: 469: 464: 459: 454: 449: 439: 437: 433: 432: 427: 423: 422: 416: 415: 412: 411: 408: 407: 405: 404: 398: 391: 389: 385: 384: 375: 371: 370: 367: 363: 362: 355: 349: 348: 343: 339: 338: 334: 333: 330: 329: 327: 326: 320: 314: 308: 301: 299: 295: 294: 292: 291: 285: 278: 276: 272: 271: 269: 268: 265: 258: 256: 252: 251: 248: 244: 243: 232: 228: 225: 224: 222: 218: 217: 211: 207: 206: 192: 191:Known for 188: 187: 181: 177: 176: 174: 173: 163: 156: 154: 150: 149: 146: 142: 141: 138: 134: 133: 123: 119: 118: 112: 110:(aged 65) 104: 100: 99: 82: 65: 63: 59: 58: 55: 47: 46: 43: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 14640: 14629: 14626: 14624: 14621: 14619: 14616: 14614: 14611: 14609: 14606: 14604: 14601: 14599: 14596: 14594: 14591: 14589: 14586: 14584: 14581: 14579: 14576: 14574: 14571: 14569: 14566: 14564: 14561: 14559: 14556: 14554: 14551: 14549: 14546: 14544: 14541: 14539: 14536: 14534: 14531: 14529: 14526: 14524: 14521: 14519: 14516: 14514: 14511: 14509: 14506: 14504: 14501: 14499: 14496: 14494: 14491: 14489: 14486: 14484: 14481: 14479: 14476: 14474: 14473:German barons 14471: 14469: 14466: 14464: 14461: 14459: 14456: 14454: 14451: 14449: 14446: 14444: 14441: 14439: 14436: 14434: 14431: 14429: 14426: 14424: 14421: 14419: 14416: 14414: 14411: 14409: 14406: 14404: 14401: 14399: 14396: 14395: 14393: 14378: 14377: 14368: 14366: 14365: 14356: 14355: 14352: 14346: 14345:Nikon NASA F4 14343: 14341: 14338: 14336: 14333: 14331: 14328: 14326: 14323: 14321: 14318: 14316: 14313: 14311: 14308: 14306: 14303: 14299: 14296: 14294: 14291: 14290: 14289: 14286: 14284: 14281: 14279: 14276: 14274: 14271: 14269: 14266: 14263: 14259: 14258: 14256: 14252: 14246: 14243: 14241: 14238: 14236: 14233: 14231: 14230:NASA insignia 14228: 14226: 14223: 14221: 14218: 14216: 14213: 14211: 14210:Lunar plaques 14208: 14206: 14203: 14201: 14200: 14196: 14194: 14193: 14189: 14187: 14186: 14182: 14180: 14179: 14175: 14173: 14172: 14168: 14164: 14163: 14162:Pale Blue Dot 14159: 14158: 14157: 14156: 14152: 14150: 14149: 14145: 14143: 14142: 14138: 14137: 14135: 14129: 14123: 14120: 14118: 14115: 14113: 14110: 14106: 14103: 14101: 14098: 14096: 14093: 14092: 14091: 14090:NASA missions 14088: 14086: 14085:NASA aircraft 14083: 14079: 14076: 14074: 14071: 14069: 14066: 14064: 14061: 14059: 14056: 14055: 14054: 14051: 14050: 14048: 14044: 14038: 14035: 14032: 14029: 14027: 14024: 14022: 14019: 14017: 14013: 14010: 14008: 14007:Space Network 14005: 14003: 14000: 13999: 13997: 13995: 13989: 13979: 13976: 13974: 13973: 13969: 13967: 13964: 13962: 13959: 13958: 13956: 13952: 13946: 13943: 13939: 13936: 13935: 13934: 13931: 13927: 13924: 13922: 13920: 13916: 13915: 13914: 13911: 13909: 13906: 13904: 13901: 13899: 13896: 13894: 13891: 13889: 13886: 13884: 13883: 13879: 13877: 13876: 13872: 13870: 13867: 13863: 13860: 13859: 13858: 13855: 13853: 13852: 13848: 13846: 13843: 13841: 13838: 13836: 13833: 13831: 13828: 13826: 13823: 13819: 13816: 13815: 13814: 13812: 13808: 13806: 13803: 13801: 13798: 13796: 13795: 13791: 13789: 13786: 13784: 13781: 13779: 13778: 13774: 13772: 13771: 13767: 13765: 13764: 13760: 13759: 13757: 13751: 13743: 13740: 13739: 13738: 13736: 13732: 13730: 13729: 13725: 13723: 13720: 13716: 13713: 13711: 13708: 13707: 13706: 13704: 13700: 13698: 13695: 13693: 13692: 13688: 13686: 13685: 13681: 13679: 13676: 13674: 13673: 13669: 13667: 13664: 13662: 13660: 13656: 13654: 13652: 13648: 13646: 13643: 13641: 13640:Space Shuttle 13638: 13636: 13633: 13631: 13628: 13626: 13623: 13619: 13616: 13615: 13614: 13613: 13609: 13607: 13606: 13602: 13600: 13599: 13595: 13593: 13592: 13588: 13586: 13583: 13581: 13578: 13576: 13573: 13571: 13568: 13567: 13565: 13561: 13558: 13554: 13548: 13538: 13535: 13533: 13530: 13528: 13525: 13523: 13522:New Frontiers 13520: 13518: 13515: 13513: 13510: 13508: 13505: 13503: 13500: 13498: 13495: 13493: 13490: 13488: 13485: 13484: 13482: 13478: 13472: 13469: 13467: 13464: 13462: 13459: 13457: 13454: 13452: 13449: 13447: 13444: 13442: 13439: 13437: 13434: 13432: 13431:Lunar Orbiter 13429: 13427: 13424: 13422: 13419: 13417: 13414: 13412: 13409: 13407: 13404: 13402: 13399: 13398: 13396: 13392: 13389: 13386: 13382: 13372: 13371:Lunar Gateway 13369: 13367: 13364: 13362: 13359: 13357: 13354: 13352: 13349: 13347: 13344: 13343: 13341: 13337: 13331: 13330:Constellation 13328: 13325: 13321: 13320: 13315: 13313: 13312:Space Shuttle 13310: 13307: 13303: 13300: 13298: 13295: 13293: 13290: 13288: 13285: 13283: 13280: 13277: 13273: 13270: 13269: 13267: 13263: 13260: 13256: 13252: 13242: 13239: 13235: 13232: 13230: 13227: 13226: 13225: 13222: 13218: 13215: 13213: 13210: 13208: 13205: 13203: 13200: 13198: 13195: 13194: 13193: 13190: 13188: 13185: 13183: 13180: 13178: 13175: 13173: 13170: 13168: 13165: 13163: 13160: 13156: 13153: 13152: 13151: 13150:NASA research 13148: 13146: 13143: 13139: 13136: 13134: 13131: 13130: 13129: 13126: 13124: 13121: 13119: 13116: 13114: 13111: 13110: 13108: 13104: 13097: 13094: 13091: 13088: 13085: 13082: 13079: 13076: 13073: 13070: 13067: 13064: 13061: 13058: 13055: 13052: 13049: 13046: 13043: 13040: 13037: 13034: 13031: 13028: 13025: 13022: 13019: 13016: 13015: 13013: 13010: 13003: 13000: 12997: 12993: 12989: 12982: 12977: 12975: 12970: 12968: 12963: 12962: 12959: 12939: 12936: 12933: 12931: 12928: 12926: 12923: 12920: 12918: 12915: 12913: 12910: 12908: 12905: 12902: 12901: 12899: 12895: 12889: 12886: 12884: 12881: 12879: 12876: 12873: 12871: 12870:James E. Gunn 12868: 12866: 12863: 12860: 12858: 12855: 12853: 12850: 12847: 12845: 12842: 12839: 12837: 12834: 12832: 12829: 12826: 12824: 12821: 12818: 12816: 12813: 12811: 12808: 12805: 12803: 12802:Edward Witten 12800: 12798: 12795: 12793: 12790: 12787: 12785: 12782: 12780: 12777: 12775: 12772: 12769: 12767: 12764: 12762: 12759: 12757: 12754: 12751: 12750: 12748: 12744: 12738: 12735: 12733: 12730: 12727: 12725: 12722: 12720: 12717: 12714: 12712: 12709: 12707: 12704: 12702: 12699: 12696: 12694: 12691: 12688: 12686: 12683: 12681: 12678: 12675: 12673: 12670: 12668: 12665: 12662: 12660: 12657: 12655: 12652: 12649: 12647: 12644: 12641: 12639: 12636: 12634: 12631: 12629: 12626: 12623: 12621: 12620:Roger Revelle 12618: 12616: 12613: 12611: 12608: 12606: 12603: 12600: 12599: 12597: 12593: 12587: 12586:Henry Stommel 12584: 12582: 12579: 12577: 12576:Eugene Parker 12574: 12572: 12569: 12566: 12564: 12561: 12559: 12556: 12554: 12551: 12549: 12546: 12544: 12541: 12538: 12536: 12533: 12531: 12528: 12526: 12523: 12521: 12518: 12516: 12513: 12510: 12508: 12505: 12503: 12500: 12498: 12495: 12493: 12490: 12488: 12485: 12482: 12480: 12477: 12475: 12472: 12470: 12467: 12465: 12462: 12460: 12457: 12455: 12452: 12450: 12447: 12444: 12442: 12439: 12437: 12436:Edward Teller 12434: 12432: 12429: 12427: 12424: 12421: 12420: 12418: 12414: 12408: 12405: 12403: 12402:Lyman Spitzer 12400: 12398: 12395: 12393: 12390: 12388: 12385: 12383: 12380: 12377: 12375: 12372: 12370: 12367: 12365: 12362: 12360: 12357: 12355: 12352: 12350: 12347: 12344: 12342: 12339: 12337: 12334: 12332: 12329: 12327: 12324: 12322: 12321:Hans A. Bethe 12319: 12316: 12314: 12311: 12309: 12306: 12304: 12301: 12299: 12296: 12294: 12291: 12288: 12286: 12283: 12281: 12278: 12276: 12273: 12271: 12268: 12266: 12265:Maurice Ewing 12263: 12261: 12260:Carl Djerassi 12258: 12255: 12253: 12252:Saul Winstein 12250: 12248: 12245: 12243: 12240: 12238: 12235: 12233: 12230: 12227: 12226: 12224: 12220: 12214: 12211: 12209: 12206: 12203: 12201: 12200:Eugene Wigner 12198: 12196: 12193: 12191: 12188: 12186: 12185:Paul Bartlett 12183: 12180: 12178: 12175: 12173: 12172:Louis Hammett 12170: 12168: 12167:Gregory Breit 12165: 12163: 12162:Francis Birch 12160: 12158: 12155: 12152: 12150: 12147: 12145: 12142: 12140: 12137: 12135: 12132: 12130: 12127: 12124: 12122: 12121:William Rubey 12119: 12117: 12114: 12112: 12109: 12107: 12104: 12101: 12099: 12096: 12094: 12091: 12089: 12086: 12083: 12081: 12078: 12075: 12074: 12072: 12068: 12064: 12057: 12053: 12039: 12038:Michael Artin 12036: 12033: 12031: 12028: 12026: 12023: 12020: 12018: 12015: 12013: 12010: 12007: 12005: 12002: 12000: 11997: 11994: 11993: 11991: 11987: 11981: 11978: 11975: 11973: 11970: 11968: 11965: 11962: 11960: 11957: 11954: 11952: 11951:Bradley Efron 11949: 11946: 11944: 11941: 11938: 11936: 11933: 11930: 11928: 11925: 11922: 11920: 11917: 11915: 11912: 11909: 11907: 11904: 11902: 11899: 11896: 11895: 11893: 11889: 11883: 11880: 11878: 11877:Felix Browder 11875: 11872: 11870: 11867: 11864: 11862: 11859: 11856: 11854: 11853:Stephen Smale 11851: 11849: 11846: 11843: 11841: 11838: 11835: 11833: 11830: 11827: 11825: 11822: 11819: 11817: 11814: 11811: 11809: 11806: 11803: 11801: 11800:John McCarthy 11798: 11796: 11793: 11791: 11788: 11785: 11784: 11782: 11778: 11772: 11769: 11767: 11764: 11762: 11761:Samuel Karlin 11759: 11756: 11754: 11751: 11749: 11746: 11743: 11741: 11738: 11736: 11733: 11730: 11728: 11725: 11723: 11720: 11717: 11715: 11712: 11710: 11707: 11704: 11702: 11699: 11696: 11695: 11693: 11689: 11683: 11680: 11678: 11675: 11672: 11670: 11667: 11665: 11662: 11659: 11657: 11654: 11652: 11649: 11647: 11644: 11641: 11639: 11636: 11633: 11631: 11628: 11625: 11623: 11620: 11617: 11616: 11614: 11610: 11604: 11601: 11598: 11596: 11593: 11590: 11588: 11585: 11582: 11580: 11577: 11574: 11572: 11571:Oscar Zariski 11569: 11566: 11564: 11561: 11559: 11556: 11553: 11551: 11548: 11545: 11544: 11542: 11538: 11534: 11527: 11523: 11509: 11506: 11503: 11501: 11498: 11495: 11493: 11490: 11487: 11486: 11484: 11480: 11474: 11471: 11468: 11466: 11463: 11460: 11458: 11455: 11452: 11450: 11447: 11444: 11442: 11439: 11436: 11434: 11431: 11428: 11426: 11423: 11420: 11418: 11415: 11412: 11410: 11407: 11404: 11402: 11399: 11396: 11395: 11393: 11389: 11383: 11380: 11377: 11375: 11372: 11369: 11367: 11364: 11362: 11359: 11356: 11354: 11351: 11348: 11346: 11345:Ray W. Clough 11343: 11340: 11338: 11337:Alfred Y. Cho 11335: 11332: 11330: 11327: 11325: 11322: 11319: 11317: 11314: 11312: 11309: 11307: 11304: 11301: 11299: 11296: 11294: 11291: 11288: 11287: 11285: 11281: 11275: 11272: 11270: 11267: 11264: 11262: 11259: 11257: 11254: 11252: 11249: 11246: 11244: 11241: 11239: 11236: 11234: 11231: 11228: 11226: 11223: 11221: 11218: 11216: 11213: 11210: 11208: 11207:John G. Trump 11205: 11203: 11200: 11198: 11195: 11192: 11190: 11187: 11185: 11182: 11179: 11178: 11176: 11172: 11166: 11163: 11161: 11158: 11156: 11153: 11151: 11148: 11146: 11143: 11140: 11138: 11135: 11133: 11130: 11128: 11125: 11122: 11120: 11117: 11115: 11112: 11110: 11107: 11105: 11102: 11099: 11097: 11094: 11092: 11089: 11087: 11084: 11081: 11079: 11076: 11074: 11071: 11068: 11066: 11063: 11060: 11059: 11057: 11053: 11047: 11044: 11041: 11039: 11036: 11034: 11031: 11028: 11026: 11023: 11021: 11020:Edwin H. Land 11018: 11015: 11013: 11010: 11007: 11005: 11002: 11000: 10997: 10995: 10992: 10989: 10987: 10984: 10982: 10979: 10976: 10974: 10971: 10969: 10968:Vannevar Bush 10966: 10963: 10961: 10958: 10955: 10954: 10952: 10948: 10944: 10937: 10933: 10919: 10916: 10913: 10911: 10908: 10905: 10903: 10900: 10898: 10895: 10892: 10890: 10887: 10885: 10884:Allen J. Bard 10882: 10879: 10877: 10874: 10872: 10869: 10866: 10865: 10863: 10859: 10853: 10850: 10848: 10845: 10842: 10840: 10839:JoAnne Stubbe 10837: 10835: 10834:Joanna Fowler 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10821: 10819: 10816: 10814: 10811: 10808: 10806: 10803: 10800: 10798: 10795: 10792: 10790: 10787: 10784: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10771: 10769: 10766: 10764: 10761: 10758: 10757: 10755: 10751: 10745: 10744:Susan Solomon 10742: 10740: 10737: 10735: 10732: 10729: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10716: 10714: 10711: 10709: 10706: 10703: 10701: 10698: 10695: 10693: 10690: 10688: 10685: 10682: 10680: 10677: 10674: 10672: 10669: 10667: 10664: 10661: 10659: 10656: 10653: 10651: 10648: 10646: 10643: 10641: 10638: 10636: 10633: 10630: 10628: 10625: 10623: 10620: 10618: 10615: 10612: 10611: 10609: 10605: 10599: 10596: 10594: 10591: 10589: 10588:Melvin Calvin 10586: 10584: 10581: 10578: 10576: 10573: 10571: 10568: 10566: 10563: 10560: 10558: 10555: 10553: 10550: 10548: 10545: 10542: 10540: 10537: 10535: 10532: 10530: 10529:Yuan Tseh Lee 10527: 10525: 10524:Harry B. Gray 10522: 10519: 10517: 10514: 10512: 10509: 10507: 10504: 10501: 10499: 10498:Gilbert Stork 10496: 10494: 10491: 10488: 10487: 10485: 10481: 10475: 10472: 10469: 10468: 10466: 10462: 10458: 10451: 10447: 10433: 10430: 10428: 10425: 10423: 10420: 10417: 10415: 10412: 10409: 10407: 10406:Bruce Alberts 10404: 10402: 10401:May Berenbaum 10399: 10396: 10394: 10391: 10389: 10386: 10384: 10381: 10378: 10376: 10373: 10371: 10368: 10365: 10364: 10362: 10358: 10352: 10349: 10347: 10344: 10341: 10339: 10336: 10334: 10331: 10329: 10326: 10323: 10321: 10318: 10316: 10313: 10310: 10308: 10307:Lubert Stryer 10305: 10303: 10302:Nina Fedoroff 10300: 10298: 10295: 10292: 10290: 10287: 10285: 10284:Anthony Fauci 10282: 10279: 10277: 10274: 10272: 10269: 10267: 10264: 10261: 10259: 10256: 10254: 10251: 10249: 10246: 10243: 10241: 10238: 10236: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10227:Harold Varmus 10225: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10200: 10198: 10195: 10192: 10190: 10187: 10185: 10182: 10180: 10177: 10174: 10173: 10171: 10167: 10161: 10160:Lynn Margulis 10158: 10156: 10155:Jared Diamond 10153: 10151: 10148: 10145: 10143: 10140: 10138: 10135: 10132: 10130: 10127: 10125: 10122: 10119: 10117: 10114: 10111: 10109: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10096: 10095:Thomas Eisner 10093: 10090: 10088: 10085: 10083: 10080: 10077: 10075: 10072: 10070: 10069:Maxine Singer 10067: 10064: 10062: 10059: 10057: 10054: 10052: 10051:Paul A. Marks 10049: 10047: 10044: 10042: 10039: 10037: 10034: 10032: 10029: 10027: 10024: 10021: 10019: 10016: 10014: 10011: 10009: 10006: 10004: 10001: 9999: 9996: 9994: 9991: 9988: 9987: 9985: 9981: 9975: 9972: 9970: 9967: 9965: 9962: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9950: 9947: 9944: 9942: 9939: 9937: 9934: 9932: 9929: 9927: 9924: 9922: 9919: 9917: 9914: 9911: 9909: 9906: 9904: 9901: 9899: 9896: 9894: 9891: 9889: 9886: 9883: 9881: 9878: 9876: 9873: 9871: 9868: 9866: 9863: 9861: 9860:Stanley Cohen 9858: 9855: 9853: 9850: 9848: 9845: 9843: 9840: 9838: 9835: 9832: 9830: 9827: 9825: 9822: 9820: 9817: 9814: 9812: 9809: 9806: 9805: 9803: 9799: 9793: 9790: 9788: 9785: 9783: 9780: 9778: 9775: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9763: 9760: 9757: 9755: 9752: 9750: 9749:Efraim Racker 9747: 9745: 9742: 9740: 9737: 9734: 9732: 9729: 9727: 9724: 9722: 9719: 9717: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9704: 9703:James V. Neel 9701: 9699: 9696: 9694: 9691: 9688: 9686: 9683: 9681: 9678: 9675: 9673: 9670: 9668: 9665: 9662: 9661: 9659: 9655: 9649: 9646: 9644: 9641: 9638: 9636: 9633: 9631: 9628: 9626: 9623: 9621: 9618: 9616: 9615:Horace Barker 9613: 9610: 9608: 9605: 9603: 9600: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9584:Sewall Wright 9582: 9580: 9577: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9564: 9562: 9559: 9557: 9554: 9552: 9549: 9546: 9544: 9541: 9539: 9536: 9533: 9531: 9528: 9525: 9524: 9522: 9518: 9514: 9507: 9503: 9489: 9486: 9483: 9481: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9472:Anne Treisman 9470: 9467: 9466: 9464: 9460: 9454: 9451: 9448: 9446: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9435: 9432: 9430: 9429:Kenneth Arrow 9427: 9424: 9422: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9408: 9407: 9405: 9401: 9395: 9392: 9389: 9387: 9384: 9381: 9379: 9376: 9373: 9371: 9368: 9365: 9363: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9352: 9349: 9347: 9344: 9341: 9339: 9336: 9333: 9331: 9328: 9326: 9323: 9320: 9319: 9317: 9313: 9307: 9304: 9301: 9299: 9296: 9294: 9293:Anne Anastasi 9291: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9280: 9279: 9277: 9273: 9267: 9264: 9261: 9260: 9258: 9254: 9250: 9243: 9239: 9235: 9232: 9225: 9220: 9218: 9213: 9211: 9206: 9205: 9202: 9190: 9187: 9186: 9183: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9138: 9136: 9132: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9101: 9098: 9096: 9093: 9091: 9088: 9086: 9083: 9081: 9080:Barbara Grosz 9078: 9076: 9075:Wolt Fabrycky 9073: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9050:Ruzena Bajcsy 9048: 9046: 9043: 9042: 9040: 9036: 9030: 9027: 9025: 9022: 9020: 9017: 9015: 9012: 9010: 9007: 9005: 9002: 9000: 8997: 8995: 8992: 8990: 8987: 8985: 8982: 8981: 8979: 8975: 8969: 8966: 8964: 8961: 8959: 8956: 8954: 8951: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8941: 8940: 8938: 8934: 8928: 8925: 8923: 8922:Design review 8920: 8918: 8915: 8913: 8910: 8908: 8905: 8903: 8900: 8899: 8897: 8893: 8887: 8884: 8882: 8879: 8877: 8874: 8872: 8869: 8867: 8864: 8862: 8859: 8857: 8854: 8852: 8849: 8847: 8844: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8832: 8829: 8828: 8826: 8822: 8818: 8811: 8806: 8804: 8799: 8797: 8792: 8791: 8788: 8777: 8772: 8766: 8763: 8761: 8758: 8756: 8753: 8751: 8748: 8744: 8741: 8740: 8739: 8736: 8735: 8733: 8729: 8723: 8720: 8718: 8715: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8690: 8684: 8681: 8679: 8676: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8664: 8661: 8659: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8649: 8646: 8645: 8643: 8639: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8618: 8615: 8613: 8610: 8608: 8605: 8603: 8600: 8598: 8595: 8593: 8590: 8588: 8585: 8583: 8580: 8578: 8575: 8573: 8570: 8568: 8565: 8563: 8560: 8559: 8557: 8553: 8548: 8544: 8541: 8534: 8529: 8527: 8522: 8520: 8515: 8514: 8511: 8504: 8501: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8490: 8487: 8484: 8481: 8478: 8475: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8458: 8455: 8452: 8449: 8446: 8444: 8441: 8429: 8425: 8421: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8408: 8405: 8402: 8399: 8396: 8393: 8392: 8382: 8376: 8372: 8367: 8363: 8359: 8355: 8349: 8345: 8340: 8336: 8330: 8326: 8325: 8320: 8316: 8312: 8308: 8304: 8299: 8295: 8289: 8285: 8280: 8276: 8272: 8266: 8262: 8258: 8257: 8251: 8247: 8241: 8236: 8235: 8228: 8227: 8217: 8211: 8207: 8202: 8201: 8181: 8175: 8171: 8170: 8162: 8147: 8141: 8137: 8136: 8128: 8120: 8114: 8110: 8106: 8100: 8098: 8096: 8087: 8080: 8065: 8064: 8059: 8052: 8037: 8036: 8031: 8024: 8016: 8010: 7994: 7993: 7988: 7982: 7980: 7963: 7959: 7952: 7936: 7932: 7926: 7910: 7906: 7902: 7896: 7881: 7877: 7870: 7855: 7854: 7849: 7842: 7826: 7822: 7818: 7811: 7796: 7795: 7790: 7784: 7777: 7773: 7772:Edward Teller 7769: 7763: 7748: 7744: 7738: 7723: 7719: 7712: 7696: 7690: 7675: 7671: 7665: 7649: 7645: 7639: 7620: 7616: 7609: 7603: 7587: 7581: 7566: 7562: 7556: 7541: 7537: 7531: 7516: 7512: 7506: 7498: 7494: 7488: 7480: 7473: 7465: 7461: 7455: 7447: 7443: 7439: 7433: 7417: 7410: 7404: 7397: 7391: 7373: 7366: 7365: 7358: 7350: 7346: 7339: 7324: 7320: 7314: 7299: 7293: 7277: 7273: 7266: 7250: 7246: 7239: 7231: 7225: 7221: 7214: 7198: 7194: 7190: 7184: 7176: 7175:Bible Gateway 7172: 7166: 7159: 7155: 7148: 7140: 7133: 7127:, p. 48. 7126: 7121: 7106: 7102: 7095: 7089:, p. 51. 7088: 7083: 7081: 7065: 7061: 7057: 7050: 7044:, p. 46. 7043: 7038: 7023: 7019: 7012: 6997: 6993: 6987: 6979: 6975: 6974:"To the Moon" 6969: 6958: 6957: 6949: 6941: 6935: 6931: 6924: 6916: 6912: 6906: 6896: 6890:, p. 43. 6889: 6884: 6882: 6866: 6861: 6853: 6846: 6843: 6839: 6824: 6820: 6819: 6814: 6808: 6801: 6795: 6784: 6780: 6773: 6766: 6760:, p. 40. 6759: 6754: 6747: 6741: 6734: 6728: 6713: 6709: 6702: 6694: 6687: 6681: 6675:, p. 39. 6674: 6669: 6663:, p. 36. 6662: 6657: 6649: 6645: 6641: 6637: 6633: 6627: 6623: 6616: 6608: 6604: 6600: 6593: 6577: 6573: 6567: 6559: 6553: 6546: 6542: 6537: 6531: 6527: 6523: 6517: 6509: 6503: 6487: 6486: 6478: 6471: 6470:United Family 6467: 6466: 6461: 6460: 6453: 6446: 6440: 6433: 6432: 6425: 6418: 6412: 6397:. 28 May 2004 6396: 6392: 6386: 6377: 6371: 6367: 6363: 6362: 6355: 6348: 6347: 6342: 6338: 6335: 6329: 6322: 6321: 6316: 6310: 6308: 6300: 6294: 6288: 6284: 6280: 6279: 6272: 6266: 6262: 6258: 6257: 6250: 6234: 6230: 6223: 6217: 6213: 6209: 6203: 6188: 6182: 6178: 6177: 6169: 6150: 6143: 6141: 6133: 6118: 6112: 6108: 6107: 6099: 6091: 6087: 6083: 6076: 6074: 6057: 6056:The Telegraph 6053: 6047: 6032: 6028: 6021: 6005: 6004: 5996: 5988: 5984: 5983:TIME Magazine 5980: 5974: 5966: 5965: 5957: 5949: 5945: 5941: 5934: 5928: 5924: 5917: 5902: 5898: 5892: 5886: 5882: 5878: 5877: 5870: 5868: 5866: 5864: 5862: 5860: 5858: 5856: 5847: 5841: 5837: 5830: 5814: 5810: 5806: 5799: 5791: 5787: 5783: 5777: 5762: 5758: 5752: 5744: 5740: 5736: 5729: 5714: 5710: 5703: 5695: 5689: 5685: 5678: 5669: 5661: 5654: 5645: 5637: 5631: 5627: 5623: 5622: 5614: 5605: 5601: 5595: 5580: 5574: 5570: 5569: 5561: 5553: 5549: 5545: 5538: 5530: 5524: 5520: 5519:BBC Worldwide 5516: 5512: 5506: 5504: 5502: 5485: 5481: 5475: 5473: 5464: 5458: 5454: 5447: 5439: 5432: 5417: 5411: 5407: 5406: 5398: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5376: 5361: 5355: 5351: 5350: 5343: 5335: 5329: 5325: 5318: 5310: 5306: 5302: 5295: 5280: 5274: 5270: 5269: 5261: 5255: 5251: 5247: 5241: 5234: 5233: 5228: 5224: 5219: 5211: 5205: 5201: 5200: 5192: 5190: 5181: 5177: 5176: 5171: 5164: 5156: 5152: 5148: 5142: 5126: 5119: 5111: 5105: 5101: 5094: 5092: 5090: 5088: 5086: 5069: 5065: 5063:9780029228951 5059: 5055: 5050: 5049: 5040: 5032: 5028: 5022: 5020: 5011: 5005: 5001: 4994: 4978: 4974: 4970: 4964: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4943: 4928: 4922: 4918: 4917: 4909: 4893: 4886: 4884: 4867: 4863: 4859: 4853: 4845: 4844: 4839: 4835: 4829: 4823:, p. 50. 4822: 4817: 4815: 4798: 4794: 4788: 4773: 4767: 4763: 4762: 4754: 4747: 4741: 4733: 4729: 4723: 4721: 4704: 4703: 4695: 4687: 4683: 4677: 4670: 4666: 4660: 4656: 4655: 4647: 4645: 4629: 4623: 4619: 4618: 4610: 4602: 4596: 4588: 4582: 4578: 4571: 4556: 4552: 4548: 4544: 4540: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4517: 4501: 4497: 4491: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4483: 4481: 4479: 4477: 4469: 4463: 4461: 4453: 4447: 4440: 4435: 4428: 4420: 4414: 4410: 4409: 4404: 4398: 4396: 4394: 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March 1970. 3423: 3419: 3416: 3415: 3410: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3393: 3390: 3389: 3385: 3382: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3366: 3361: 3357: 3356:Bachem Ba 349 3353: 3349: 3348: 3345: 3341: 3340: 3331: 3330: 3325: 3322: 3321: 3316: 3315: 3314: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3296: 3293: 3290: 3289: 3284: 3283: 3278: 3277: 3272: 3268: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3256: 3252: 3251: 3250: 3244: 3240: 3239:Mark Saltzman 3236: 3233: 3232: 3231: 3225: 3224:Robert Harris 3221: 3220: 3216: 3213: 3209: 3208: 3204: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3175: 3171: 3168: 3164: 3163: 3159: 3156: 3155: 3151: 3150: 3149: 3143: 3139: 3136: 3135: 3130: 3126: 3123: 3122: 3117: 3113: 3112: 3111: 3105: 3101: 3100: 3096: 3093: 3092: 3088: 3087: 3086: 3080: 3079:Victor Slezak 3076: 3075: 3071: 3068: 3064: 3063: 3059: 3056: 3052: 3051: 3047: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3035: 3031: 3028: 3024: 3023: 3019: 3016: 3012: 3011: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2989: 2985: 2982: 2979: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2963: 2959: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2947: 2943: 2940: 2939: 2935: 2932: 2928: 2927: 2923: 2920: 2919: 2915: 2912: 2908: 2907: 2903: 2900: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2888:Victoria Shaw 2885: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2872: 2868: 2865: 2864: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2846: 2845: 2842: 2841: 2831: 2828: 2820: 2809: 2806: 2802: 2799: 2795: 2792: 2788: 2785: 2781: 2778: – 2777: 2773: 2772:Find sources: 2766: 2762: 2756: 2755: 2750:This section 2748: 2744: 2739: 2738: 2726: 2723: 2720: 2717: 2714: 2710: 2707: 2703: 2700: 2697: 2694: 2691: 2688: 2684: 2681: 2678: 2675: 2671: 2670: 2660: 2659: 2654: 2651: 2650: 2645: 2642: 2641: 2636: 2633: 2632: 2627: 2626: 2625: 2623: 2615: 2612:: July 1934 ( 2611: 2607: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2595: 2592:Dates of rank 2586: 2583: 2582: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2562: 2558: 2553: 2549: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2515: 2514: 2510: 2509:Albert Brewer 2506: 2505:John Sparkman 2502: 2497: 2488: 2486: 2481: 2479: 2475: 2466: 2461: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2443: 2438: 2436: 2431: 2423: 2417:Personal life 2414: 2411: 2407: 2402: 2398: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2367: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2346: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2333:, the CEO of 2332: 2328: 2324: 2319: 2317: 2316:kidney cancer 2312: 2310: 2296: 2292: 2290: 2285: 2283: 2275: 2270: 2266: 2264: 2259: 2255: 2253: 2249: 2244: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2229:Kurt H. Debus 2226: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2205: 2203: 2199: 2194: 2189: 2187: 2183: 2178: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2162: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2143: 2134: 2132: 2127: 2122: 2112: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2098: 2093: 2090: 2085: 2080: 2075: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2047: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2036:Space Shuttle 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2016:direct ascent 2012: 2011: 2005: 2003: 2002: 1997: 1993: 1988: 1986: 1985: 1979: 1974: 1972: 1968: 1967: 1962: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1943: 1939: 1934: 1930: 1924: 1922: 1921: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1887: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1872: 1867: 1866:space station 1859: 1855: 1850: 1846: 1844: 1840: 1829: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1810: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1786: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1763: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1736: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1713: 1711: 1708: 1700: 1695: 1681: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1652:American Zone 1649: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1626: 1621: 1619: 1615: 1610: 1606: 1604: 1603:Bavarian Alps 1600: 1595: 1591: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1564: 1560: 1552: 1548: 1543: 1534: 1530: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1510: 1508: 1503: 1501: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1483: 1480: 1476: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1453: 1449: 1447: 1441: 1439: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1404: 1402: 1398: 1393: 1389: 1384: 1382: 1378: 1377:piston engine 1374: 1373:Neuhardenberg 1365: 1361: 1358: 1354: 1353:Erich Warsitz 1350: 1346: 1342: 1341:Ernst Heinkel 1331: 1326: 1324: 1320: 1314: 1309: 1307: 1303: 1298: 1296: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1274: 1271: 1264: 1259: 1255: 1250: 1247: 1240: 1238: 1231: 1229: 1225: 1219: 1217: 1213: 1212: 1207: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1193: 1188: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1148: 1144: 1142: 1136: 1133: 1129: 1119: 1117: 1116: 1111: 1104: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1094: 1088: 1085: 1079: 1077: 1076: 1075:Allgemeine-SS 1071: 1070: 1065: 1064: 1055: 1054:Allgemeine-SS 1049: 1045: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1021: 1016: 1012: 1007: 1005: 1001: 997: 995: 991: 978: 974: 970: 965: 956: 954: 950: 949:Norman Davies 944: 939: 936: 934: 924: 922: 918: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 889: 886: 882: 878: 874: 873:Raketenrummel 869: 867: 863: 859: 856: 852: 848: 844: 843: 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 793: 791: 787: 783: 779: 775: 771: 767: 763: 759: 755: 750: 748: 747:German Empire 744: 740: 736: 726: 724: 720: 715: 713: 709: 705: 701: 698: 694: 690: 685: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 650: 648: 647:United States 644: 640: 636: 632: 631: 630:Allgemeine SS 626: 622: 618: 615: 611: 610: 598: 546: 539: 531: 522: 517: 512: 508: 504: 501: 498: 496: 492: 485: 484: 480: 478: 474: 468: 465: 463: 460: 458: 455: 453: 450: 447: 446: 441: 440: 438: 434: 431: 428: 424: 421: 417: 413: 409: 402: 399: 396: 393: 392: 390: 386: 382: 381: 376: 372: 368: 364: 361: 360: 359:Allgemeine SS 356: 350: 347: 344: 340: 335: 331: 324: 321: 318: 315: 312: 309: 306: 303: 302: 300: 296: 289: 286: 283: 280: 279: 277: 273: 266: 263: 260: 259: 257: 253: 249: 245: 223: 219: 215: 212: 208: 204: 200: 197: 193: 189: 185: 182: 180:Occupation(s) 178: 171: 167: 164: 161: 158: 157: 155: 151: 148:United States 147: 143: 139: 135: 131: 127: 124: 120: 115: 105: 101: 97: 96:German Empire 93: 89: 85: 80:23 March 1912 69: 64: 60: 53: 48: 41: 38: 34: 30: 26: 22: 14375: 14363: 14197: 14190: 14184: 14176: 14169: 14160: 14153: 14146: 14139: 13970: 13919:Perseverance 13918: 13880: 13873: 13850: 13810: 13793: 13777:New Horizons 13775: 13768: 13761: 13734: 13726: 13702: 13690: 13683: 13670: 13658: 13650: 13611: 13603: 13596: 13589: 13318: 13302:Apollo–Soyuz 12912:Sandra Faber 12907:Sidney Drell 12737:Leo Kadanoff 12732:James Cronin 12680:Hans Dehmelt 12615:Robert Pound 12581:Robert Sharp 12397:John Sinfelt 12364:Verner Suomi 12331:Lewis Sarett 12195:Lars Onsager 12139:Henry Eyring 12106:John Bardeen 11848:Richard Karp 11816:Allen Newell 11595:Jerzy Neyman 11220:Tung-Yen Lin 11197:Bill Hewlett 11127:Morris Cohen 11118: 10721:John W. Cahn 10622:Karl Folkers 10383:Lucy Shapiro 10333:Elaine Fuchs 10212:Ann Graybiel 10142:Janet Rowley 10124:James Watson 10116:Ruth Patrick 9959:Philip Leder 9829:Mildred Cohn 9777:Severo Ochoa 9754:E. O. Wilson 9115:Katia Sycara 9059: 8999:Optimization 8775: 8561: 8466:V2rocket.com 8432:. Retrieved 8428:the original 8423: 8370: 8343: 8323: 8302: 8283: 8275:the original 8255: 8233: 8205: 8183:. Retrieved 8168: 8161: 8149:. Retrieved 8134: 8127: 8108: 8085: 8079: 8067:. Retrieved 8061: 8051: 8039:. Retrieved 8033: 8023: 8009: 7997:. Retrieved 7990: 7966:. Retrieved 7951: 7939:. Retrieved 7934: 7925: 7913:. Retrieved 7909:the original 7895: 7883:. Retrieved 7880:The Guardian 7879: 7869: 7857:. Retrieved 7851: 7841: 7829:. Retrieved 7825:the original 7820: 7810: 7798:. Retrieved 7792: 7783: 7767: 7762: 7750:. Retrieved 7746: 7737: 7725:. Retrieved 7721: 7711: 7699:. Retrieved 7689: 7677:. Retrieved 7673: 7664: 7652:. Retrieved 7647: 7638: 7626:. 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May 1945. 3264:Henry Mazer 2938:October Sky 2478:White House 2331:Lutz Kayser 2204:Freedom 7. 2137:NASA career 2032:aerocapture 1992:Walt Disney 1978:spaceflight 1952:Walt Disney 1944:foothills. 1933:Sinus Roris 1911:Earth orbit 1729:Fort Strong 1568:Bleicherode 1559:Soviet Army 1411:SS General 1407:Slave labor 1302:Kármán line 1185:Kummersdorf 1020:membership. 913:Paul Ehmayr 801:Brandenburg 682:Walt Disney 216:(1937–1945) 145:Citizenship 137:Nationality 21:German name 14392:Categories 14293:Moon rocks 14053:Astronauts 14046:NASA lists 13903:OSIRIS-REx 13737:helicopter 13605:Pioneer 11 13598:Pioneer 10 13401:Hitchhiker 13276:suborbital 13113:Space Race 12659:Vera Rubin 12298:Paul Flory 11959:Hyman Bass 11832:John Cocke 11735:Raoul Bott 11638:Kurt Gödel 11630:John Tukey 11587:Paul Cohen 11202:George Low 11165:Simon Ramo 10388:Leroy Hood 10189:Carl Woese 10137:Bruce Ames 9648:Ernst Mayr 9105:Simon Ramo 8627:Henderson* 8607:Stephenson 8434:10 January 8311:B0006CKBHY 8035:The Herald 7766:Neufield, 7328:26 October 7282:1 December 7255:1 December 7203:1 February 7110:12 October 6870:10 January 6541:Neufeld MJ 6401:13 October 6192:10 January 6158:10 January 6122:10 January 6062:10 January 6036:10 January 6010:10 January 5845:0160589924 5766:10 January 5718:10 January 5600:"vonBraun" 5584:10 January 5552:B0021SD22M 5515:Space Race 5421:10 January 5365:10 January 4956:3550060742 4872:8 November 4777:10 January 4709:10 January 4633:10 January 4560:10 January 4336:. 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