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The introduction of steel tools by
European settlers allowed the size and scale of wharenui to increase, and wharenui built from the 1840s onwards became the direct antecedents of the style and structure of modern wharenui. Taiporohenui, constructed at Manawapou (near modern day
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Wharenui have been built in New
Zealand for hundreds of years. By the 15th century, wharenui became more elaborately carved, and large enough that one or two central pou (posts) were needed to carry the weight of the structure. In the 18th century during the voyages of
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varying from tribe to tribe. Modern meeting houses are built to regular building standards. Photographs of recent ancestors may be used as well as carvings. The houses always have names, sometimes the name of a famous ancestor or sometimes a figure from
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Strict rules of conduct generally govern the use of the wharenui, which is considered the domain of unity and peace. If anyone should become irate or physically violent, they would be asked to leave the house until they can control their
166:. These wharenui were used for meetings, church services and accommodation. After the construction of Te Tokanganui-a-Noho, very few wharenui were created for decades, and those which were built were simpler and uncarved.
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While a meeting house is considered sacred, it is not a church or house of worship, but religious rituals may take place in front of or inside a meeting house. On most marae, no food may be taken into the meeting house.
142:) in the 1850s, was 27.6 metres long and 9.2 metres wide. The size and scale of Taiporohenui symbolised the opposition of Māori to European settlement and colonisation of traditional lands.
100:(literally "carved house"), the present style of wharenui originated in the early to middle nineteenth century. The houses are often carved inside and out with stylized images of the
113:. Some meeting houses are built at places that are not the location of a tribe, but where many Māori gather; typically, a school or tertiary institution with many Māori students.
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depicting genitalia, and removed penises of ancestors from the carvings on wharenui. Opposition to carvings depicting genitalia began to cease in the 1940s.
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The building often symbolises an ancestor of the wharenui's tribe. Different parts of the building represent body parts of the ancestor.
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By the 1920s, marae and wharenui had become a symbol of Māori cultural identity, especially among people who were landless.
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was a large proponent of the re-development of marae in the country, leading to the construction of wharenui at
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is a very important open space directly in front of the wharenui, which is used to welcome visitors onto the
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began in 1870, and was eventually completed in 1888. The third, Te
Tokanganui-a-Noho, was constructed at
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Ceremonial occasions, including wedding and funeral typically take place in the meeting house or on the
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in
Chicago, Illinois has an original Māori meeting house, called Ruatepupuke II as shown in this
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Meeting houses are the centre of any cultural, business, or any affair which is relevant to the
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Typically, visitors to the village would be allowed to stay in the meeting house at night.
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130:, he and his crew sighted wharenui which were 10 metres in length, and entirely carved.
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Lee-Morgan, Jenny; Hoskins, Rau; Te Nana, Rihi; Rua, Mohi; Knox, Wayne (30 June 2019).
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291:(for the internal central column) literally means the "post that supports the heart".
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A Report of the
Manaaki Tāngata Programme at Te Puea Memorial Marae (Second Edition)
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489:(Report). Te Puea Memorial Marae, Ngā Wai a Te Tūī Māori and Indigenous Research.
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150:. The first, Tanewhirinaki, which was completed in the late 1860s and located at
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During the 19th and early 20th century, missionaries and
Christians condemned
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was a proponent of reviving wharenui as a symbol of Māori identity and mana.
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89:(a more generic term simply referring to a house or building). Also called a
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on the front of the wharenui can represent the ancestor's head.
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oversaw the construction of three massive wharenui during the
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in 1873, after Te Kooti retreated behind the border of the
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of New
Zealand, generally situated as the focal point of a
315:, upright carved panels that line the inside walls of the
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104:'s (or tribe's) ancestors, with the style used for the
67:; literally "large house") is a communal house of the
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is the opening of Te Wheke Hall on
December 30, 1901.
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303:, the vertical supports that hold up the ends of the
555:. North Shore: Penguin Group. 2009. pp. 52–53.
352:and serves as an area on which to debate issues.
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522:Ka Whawhai Tonu Matou – Struggle Without End
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29:at Waipapa Marae, University of Auckland
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524:(2nd ed.). Auckland, New Zealand:
457:(2nd ed.). Auckland, New Zealand:
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277:(ridge beam) represents the backbone.
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295:Other important components include:
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618:The British Museum has a large
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326:or front door, along with the
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220:(bargeboards) shown in red
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284:or rafters signify ribs.
651:Vernacular architecture
646:Indigenous architecture
641:Māori words and phrases
579:. maoridictionary.co.nz
402:Indigenous architecture
37:Inside Tāne-nui-ā-rangi
377:in front of the house.
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191:Te Puea Memorial Marae
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25:Tāne-nui-ā-rangi, the
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93:("meeting house") or
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270:, meaning "fingers".
247:at the point of the
461:. p. 187-189.
85:, or simply called
83:New Zealand English
64:[ˈɸaɾɛnʉ.i]
16:Māori meeting house
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502:13 December
332:door lintel
266:are called
260:bargeboards
187:Ngāruawāhia
630:Categories
620:collection
583:2012-04-20
418:References
374:marae ātea
346:marae ātea
258:(diagonal
128:James Cook
407:Longhouse
356:Protocols
287:The word
228:A carved
208:Structure
156:Ruatāhuna
45:A modern
520:(2004).
453:(2004).
386:See also
317:verandah
268:raparapa
202:whakairo
195:Auckland
160:Te Kūiti
144:Te Kooti
106:carvings
97:whakairo
59:wharenui
47:wharenui
27:wharenui
602:picture
381:temper.
177:leader
152:Waioeka
121:History
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338:paepae
324:kūwaha
312:poupou
275:tāhuhu
245:koruru
136:Mokoia
95:whare
613:photo
600:This
487:(PDF)
350:marae
305:maihi
264:maihi
256:maihi
249:gable
218:maihi
87:whare
74:marae
607:The
557:ISBN
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504:2021
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344:The
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328:pare
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