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1621:. In it, Wigner said: "The full meaning of life, the collective meaning of all human desires, is fundamentally a mystery beyond our grasp. As a young man, I chafed at this state of affairs. But by now I have made peace with it. I even feel a certain honor to be associated with such a mystery." In his collection of essays 'Philosophical Reflections and Syntheses' (1995), he commented: "It was not possible to formulate the laws of quantum mechanics in a fully consistent way without reference to consciousness."
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1400:(AEC) took charge of the laboratory's operations at the start of 1947, Wigner feared that many of the technical decisions would be made in Washington. He also saw the Army's continuation of wartime security policies at the laboratory as a "meddlesome oversight", interfering with research. One such incident occurred in March 1947, when the AEC discovered that Wigner's scientists were conducting experiments with a
11914:
1462:". He argued that biology and cognition could be the origin of physical concepts, as we humans perceive them, and that the happy coincidence that mathematics and physics were so well matched, seemed to be "unreasonable" and hard to explain. His original paper has provoked and inspired many responses across a wide range of disciplines. These included
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drama". In an early draft of
Everett's work, one also finds a drawing of the Wigner's Friend situation, which must be seen as the first evidence on paper of the thought experiment that was later assigned to be Wigner's. This suggests that Everett must at least have discussed the problem together with
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became a problem. Without the additional tubes, the reactor could have been run at 35% power until the boron impurities in the graphite were burned up and enough plutonium produced to run the reactor at full power; but this would have set the project back a year. During the 1950s, he would even work
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during their school years in
Hungary, their graduate studies in Berlin, and their appointments to Princeton in 1930. Wigner discusses von Neumann's contributions to the theory of quantum mechanics, Wigner's own work in this area, and von Neumann's interest in the application of theory to the atomic
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In fact, my regret is that it was not done sooner. If we had begun trying seriously to control fission in 1939, we might have had an atomic bomb by the Winter of 1943-1944. At that time Stalin's army was still bottled up in
Stalingrad. By the middle of 1945, when we first used the bomb, they had
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recruited Wigner for a one-year lectureship, at 7 times the salary that he had been drawing in Europe. Princeton recruited von
Neumann at the same time. Jenő Pál Wigner and János von Neumann had collaborated on three papers together in 1928 and two in 1929. They anglicized their first names to
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Feeling unsuited to a managerial role in such an environment, he left Oak Ridge in 1947 and returned to
Princeton University, although he maintained a consulting role with the facility for many years. In the postwar period, he served on a number of government bodies, including the
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Mary died in
November 1977. In 1979, Wigner married his third wife, Eileen Clare-Patton (Pat) Hamilton, the widow of physicist Donald Ross Hamilton, the dean of the graduate school at Princeton University, who had died in 1972. In 1992, at the age of 90, he published his memoirs,
1098:. The plus sign on the nodes indicates an anticlockwise reading of its surrounding lines. Due to its symmetries, there are many ways in which the diagram can be drawn. An equivalent configuration can be created by taking its mirror image and thus changing the pluses to minuses.
1068:. This proved a disappointment, as the aged Hilbert's abilities were failing, and his interests had shifted to logic. Wigner nonetheless studied independently. He laid the foundation for the theory of symmetries in quantum mechanics and in 1927 introduced what is now known as the
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After his retirement from
Princeton in 1971, Wigner prepared the first edition of Symmetries and Reflections, a collection of philosophical essays, and became more involved in international and political meetings; around this time he became a leader and vocal defender of the
1158:"Eugene" and "John", respectively. When their year was up, Princeton offered a five-year contract as visiting professors for half the year. The Technische Hochschule responded with a teaching assignment for the other half of the year. This was very timely, since the
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process. He thereby followed an ontological approach that sets human's consciousness at the center: "All that quantum mechanics purports to provide are probability connections between subsequent impressions (also called 'apperceptions') of the consciousness".
874:. He was home schooled by a professional teacher until the age of 9, when he started school at the third grade. During this period, Wigner developed an interest in mathematical problems. At the age of 11, Wigner contracted what his doctors believed to be
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Near the end of his life, Wigner's thoughts turned more philosophical. In 1960, he published a now classic article on the philosophy of mathematics and of physics, which has become his best-known work outside technical mathematics and physics,
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study's conclusion that a nuclear strike would kill 20% of
Americans to be a very modest projection and that the country could recover from such an attack more quickly than Germany had recovered from the devastation of World War II.
1177:. There, he met his first wife, Amelia Frank, who was a physics student there. However, she died unexpectedly in 1937, leaving Wigner distraught. He therefore accepted an offer in 1938 from Princeton to return there. Wigner became a
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would develop an atomic bomb first, and even refused to have his fingerprints taken because they could be used to track him down if
Germany won. "Thoughts of being murdered," he later recalled, "focus your mind wonderfully."
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already overrun much of
Central Europe. The Yalta Conference would have produced a document much less favourable to Russia, and even Communist China might have been set back. So I do not regret helping to build the bomb.
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in early 1946. Because he did not want to be involved in administrative duties, he became co-director of the laboratory, with James Lum handling the administrative chores as executive director. When the newly created
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parents, Elisabeth Elsa Einhorn and Antal Anton Wigner, a leather tanner. He had an older sister, Berta, known as Biri, and a younger sister Margit, known as Manci, who later married British theoretical physicist
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Measurements are understood as the interactions which create the impressions in our consciousness (and as a result modify the wave function of the "measured" physical system), an idea which has been called the
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in the immediate post-war period, and resulted in production cutbacks and a reactor being shut down entirely. It was eventually discovered that it could be overcome by controlled heating and annealing.
1557:. Wigner professed that he had never considered the possibility that this might occur, and added: "I never expected to get my name in the newspapers without doing something wicked." He also won the
1276:. The group's task was to design the production nuclear reactors that would convert uranium into weapons grade plutonium. At the time, reactors existed only on paper, and no reactor had yet
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was given responsibility for the detailed design of the reactors, not just their construction. He threatened to resign in February 1943, but was talked out of it by the head of the
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was given responsibility for the detailed design of the reactors, not just their construction. He became director of research and development at the Clinton Laboratory (now the
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1549:, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles". The prize was shared that year, with the other half of the award divided between
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EPW contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles
2944:"The unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in the natural sciences. Richard Courant lecture in mathematical sciences delivered at New York University, May 11, 1959"
1423:. Wigner argued that Groves's order had been superseded, but was forced to terminate the experiments, which were completely different from the one that killed Slotin.
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1333:, who sent him on vacation instead. As it turned out, a design decision by DuPont to give the reactor additional load tubes for more uranium saved the project when
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in New Jersey until her retirement in 1964. They remained married until her death in November 1977. They had two children, David Wigner and Martha Wigner Upton.
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920:. Wigner explained later in his life that his family decision to convert to Lutheranism "was not at heart a religious decision but an anti-communist one".
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Grattan-Guinness, I. (2008). "Solving Wigner's mystery: The reasonable (though perhaps limited) effectiveness of mathematics in the natural sciences".
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APS Oral History Interview Transcript with Eugene Wigner 14 December 1963, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives Session 3
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APS Oral History Interview Transcript with Eugene Wigner 03 December 1963, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives Session 2
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APS Oral History Interview Transcript with Eugene Wigner 21 November 1963, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives Session 1
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In the late 1930s, Wigner extended his research into atomic nuclei. By 1929, his papers were drawing notice in the world of physics. In 1930,
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APS Oral History Interview Transcript with Eugene Wigner 30 November 1966, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives
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APS Oral History Interview Transcript with Eugene Wigner 24 January 1981, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives
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also developed an important general approach to nuclear reactions, the Wigner–Eisenbud R-matrix theory, which was published in 1947.
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3859:. A History of the United States Atomic Energy Commission. University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press.
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Turning to philosophical questions about the theory of quantum mechanics, Wigner developed a thought experiment (later called
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purchased by Wigner to help celebrate the first self-sustaining, controlled chain reaction. It was signed by the participants.
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and survival resources, arguing that such an expenditure would be less costly than disarmament. Wigner considered a recent
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soon rose to power in Germany. At Princeton in 1934, Wigner introduced his sister Margit "Manci" Wigner to the physicist
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Wigner, E. P.; Eisenbud, L. (1 July 1947). "Higher Angular Momenta and Long Range Interaction in Resonance Reactions".
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Wigner returned to Budapest, where he went to work at his father's tannery, but in 1926, he accepted an offer from
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transformation of Hilbert space. The representation of a symmetry group on a Hilbert space is either an ordinary
4152:. Description of the childhood and especially of the school-years in Budapest, with some interesting photos too.
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after Kun's downfall. Partly as a reaction to the prominence of Jews in the Kun regime, the family converted to
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in 1945. He accepted a position as the director of research and development at the Clinton Laboratory (now the
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were responsible for introducing group theory into quantum mechanics. The latter had written a standard text,
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from 1952 to 1957 and again from 1959 to 1964. In later life, he became more philosophical, and published
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would develop an atomic bomb first. During the Manhattan Project, he led a team whose task was to design
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In November 1963, Wigner called for the allocation of 10% of the national defense budget to be spent on
730:. Along the way he performed ground-breaking work in pure mathematics, in which he authored a number of
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Although he was a professed political amateur, on August 2, 1939, he participated in a meeting with
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Oak Ridge at that time was so terribly bureaucratized that I am sorry to say I could not stand it.
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Wigner, E. (1927). "Einige Folgerungen aus der Schrödingerschen Theorie für die Termstrukturen".
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On June 4, 1941, Wigner married his second wife, Mary Annette Wheeler, a professor of physics at
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was a secular one. From 1915 through 1919, he studied at the secondary grammar school called
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1984 interview with Wigner, in: The Princeton University Mathematics Community in the 1930s.
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and water cooling. Wigner was present at a converted rackets court under the stands at the
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Lesk, A. M. (2000). "The unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in molecular biology".
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of the United States on January 8, 1937, and he brought his parents to the United States.
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in the Austrian mountains, before the doctors concluded that the diagnosis was mistaken.
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Wigner, E. P. (1946). "Theoretical Physics in the Metallurgical Laboratory of Chicago".
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2837:. Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Communications and Community Outreach. Archived from
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4265:
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4162:, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis – Wigner talks about his association with
4114:
4104:
3945:
3941:
3689:
3551:"The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details - Eugene P. Wigner"
3310:
3001:
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1314:
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862:
816:
In the postwar period, he served on a number of government bodies, including the
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4146:
Wigner Jenö Iskolás Évei by Radnai Gyula, ELTE, Fizikai Szemle 2007/2 – 62.o. (
4016:
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2801:
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4297:
4257:
3420:
Lyons, R. (1963, November 22). Asks Better Civil Defense for Atomic Victory.
3372:
2831:"ORNL History. Chapter 2: High-Flux Years. Section: Research and Regulations"
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1352:
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809:) in early 1946, but became frustrated with bureaucratic interference by the
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211:
31:
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4091:
1684:
Gruppentheorie und ihre Anwendungen auf die Quantenmechanik der Atomspektren
1134:. According to the theorem, any symmetry transformation is represented by a
754:, and he moved to the United States, where he obtained citizenship in 1937.
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4682:
4589:
4456:
4365:
4341:
4269:
4021:
The collected works of Eugene Paul Wigner, Volume 5, Part A, Nuclear energy
3998:
Group Theory and its Application to the Quantum Mechanics of Atomic Spectra
3981:
Gruppentheorie und ihre Anwendung auf die Quanten mechanik der Atomspektren
3874:
3387:
3103:
2967:
2633:. Budapest: Wigner Symposium, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Archived from
1680:
Group Theory and its Application to the Quantum Mechanics of Atomic Spectra
1586:
1562:
1526:
1471:
1416:
1360:
1169:
Princeton did not rehire Wigner when his contract ran out in 1936. Through
1123:
1082:
Group Theory and Its Application to the Quantum Mechanics of Atomic Spectra
1073:
1042:
955:
931:. He was not happy with the courses on offer, and in 1921 enrolled at the
923:
After graduating from the secondary school in 1920, Wigner enrolled at the
875:
723:
719:
617:
582:
440:
11536:
3817:"Eugene Wigner, 92, Quantum Theorist Who Helped Usher In Atomic Age, Dies"
3397:
2709:
1306:
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4000:. translation from German by J. J. Griffin. New York: Academic Press.
2603:
2436:
1517:
in the introductory part of his 1957 dissertation as an "amusing, but
1443:
from 1952 to 1957 and again from 1959 to 1964. He also contributed to
797:. At the time, reactors existed only on paper, and no reactor had yet
698:(now Technische Universität Berlin), Wigner worked as an assistant to
11488:
11317:
11183:
10951:
10754:
8681:
8451:
6801:
6189:
4985:
4957:
4793:
1640:
1493:) to illustrate his belief that consciousness is foundational to the
1460:
The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences
1022:
in Berlin. Weissenberg wanted someone to assist him with his work on
835:
The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences
10665:
8489:
3305:, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 247–260,
3021:
2557:
Mehra, Jagdish (1993). "Eugene Paul Wigner: A Biographical Sketch".
984:
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry
642:
11432:
11357:
11190:
10724:
6193:
4733:
1415:, had forbidden such experiments in August 1946 after the death of
1281:
885:
Wigner's family was Jewish, but not religiously observant, and his
858:
86:
3527:(in German). Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft. Archived from
3165:
1682:. New York: Academic Press. Translation by J. J. Griffin of 1931,
1359:. The Wigner effect was a serious problem for the reactors at the
1280:. In July 1942, Wigner chose a conservative 100 MW design, with a
11347:
11214:
3777:
1311:
913:
894:
838:, his best-known work outside technical mathematics and physics.
790:
5810:
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
2807:. Biographical Memoirs. National Academies Press. Archived from
671:; November 17, 1902 – January 1, 1995) was a Hungarian-American
10733:
9946:
3983:(in German). Braunschweig, Germany: Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn.
3800:
Interhemispheric Resource Center/International Relations Center
2306:
1322:
802:
525:
4155:
3241:"The unreasonable ineffectiveness of mathematics in economics"
2856:
1624:
Wigner was credited as a member of the advisory board for the
1351:
An important discovery Wigner made during the project was the
1256:
During the Manhattan Project, Wigner led a team that included
742:. He is also known for his research into the structure of the
4038:
Wigner, Eugene Paul; Mehra, Jagdish; Wightman, A. S. (1995).
2868:
2771:
2516:
2514:
1102:
In these works, Wigner laid the foundation for the theory of
1023:
946:. He also attended the Wednesday afternoon colloquia of the
1295:
on December 2, 1942, when the world's first atomic reactor,
1245:
in 1932. After the war she taught physics on the faculty of
11295:
10764:
4224:
4064:
1964 Audio Interview with Eugene Wigner by Stephane Groueff
2559:
The Collected Works of Eugene Paul Wigner, Part A, Volume I
2526:
2050:
1159:
3738:
2892:
2511:
2469:
2393:
2366:
2354:
2342:
2330:
2318:
2294:
2230:
2173:
2161:
912:, the Wigner family briefly fled to Austria, returning to
27:
Hungarian-American physicist and mathematician (1902–1995)
12123:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
4040:
Volume 7, Part B, Philosophical Reflections and Syntheses
2383:
2381:
2282:
2270:
2014:
1084:(1931) made group theory accessible to a wider audience.
999:
998:, Wigner's greatest teacher. Polanyi supervised Wigner's
950:. These colloquia featured leading researchers including
866:
58:
2149:
2137:
2125:
2113:
1439:, and the influential General Advisory Committee of the
1342:. Wigner did not regret working on the bomb, remarking:
828:, and the influential General Advisory Committee of the
2091:
2089:
2074:
2062:
2038:
2026:
3765:
3753:
3427:
3386:
Barrett, Jeffrey A.; Byrne, Peter, eds. (2012-05-20).
2880:
2538:
2378:
2002:
11902:
3709:"Eugene Paul Wigner 1902-1995: A biographical memoir"
2631:"A young Scientist's Meetings with Wigner in America"
2610:
2101:
1607:
International Conference on the Unity of the Sciences
1225:
with the purpose of investigating the feasibility of
777:
with the purpose of investigating the feasibility of
3893:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory: the first fifty years
2086:
1541:
in 1963 "for his contributions to the theory of the
683:
in 1963 "for his contributions to the theory of the
4156:
Interview with Eugene P. Wigner on John von Neumann
4037:
3783:
3598:"Golden Plate Awardees - Science & Exploration"
3341:""Relative State" Formulation of Quantum Mechanics"
3098:
3916:
3890:
1636:and the destruction of crucial government files".
878:. His parents sent him to live for six weeks in a
6205:
4190:Events, Laws of Nature, and Invariance Principles
4069:
3495:"Guide to Atoms for Peace Awards Records MC.0010"
1114:, proven by him in 1931, is a cornerstone of the
11974:
8490:Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences
3707:Seitz, Frederick; Vogt, Erich; Weinberg, Alvin.
3203:
2823:
1431:from 1947 to 1951, the mathematics panel of the
820:from 1947 to 1951, the mathematics panel of the
4188:including the Nobel Lecture, December 12, 1963
3888:
3389:The Everett Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
3006:"The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics"
2934:
2932:
2874:
2777:
142:Budapest University of Technology and Economics
11412:
5735:
4014:
2948:Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics
2687:
2532:
1367:Through Manhattan project funding, Wigner and
12188:Members of the American Philosophical Society
12153:Academic staff of the University of Göttingen
11398:
10681:
9932:
6175:
5969:
5721:
4210:
3846:
3706:
3672:Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society
3668:"Problems of symmetry in old and new physics"
2862:
2792:
1691:Symmetries and Reflections: Scientific Essays
1116:mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics
740:mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics
3897:. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.
3385:
2929:
2259:Notices of the American Mathematical Society
1435:from 1951 to 1954, the physics panel of the
1408:when the director of the Manhattan Project,
824:from 1951 to 1954, the physics panel of the
12183:Presidents of the American Physical Society
12038:American people of Hungarian-Jewish descent
9948:Presidents of the American Physical Society
1197:for his work on the Manhattan Project from
1064:as an assistant to the great mathematician
841:
11405:
11391:
10688:
10674:
9939:
9925:
6182:
6168:
5976:
5962:
5728:
5714:
4217:
4203:
4183:
3889:Johnson, Leland; Schaffer, Daniel (1994).
3739:"'Unification' Science Parley Is Defended"
3238:
3232:
57:
12178:Naturalized citizens of the United States
3940:(1995) "Eugene Paul Wigner – A tribute",
3919:Dark Sun: The Making of the Hydrogen Bomb
3683:
3568:
3555:United States National Science Foundation
3259:
3164:
3029:
1744:
1666:Physical Theory of Neutron Chain Reactors
925:Budapest University of Technical Sciences
726:into physics, particularly the theory of
12078:Hungarian emigrants to the United States
12068:Fellows of the American Physical Society
7899:
5804:International Committee of the Red Cross
3108:"The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Data"
2248:
1953:List of things named after Eugene Wigner
1693:. Indiana University Press, Bloomington
1305:
1188:
1086:
897:taught by a rabbi. A fellow student was
845:
12158:University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
6469:
6191:United States National Medal of Science
4081:MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive
3953:
3771:
3759:
3736:
3433:
3338:
3303:Philosophical Reflections and Syntheses
3147:
3141:
3000:
2994:
2916:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
2898:
2886:
2726:"Member History - Dr. Eugene P. Wigner"
2544:
2520:
2475:
2399:
2387:
2372:
2360:
2348:
2336:
2324:
2312:
2300:
2236:
2179:
2167:
2155:
2143:
2131:
2119:
2107:
2095:
2080:
2068:
2056:
2044:
2032:
2020:
2008:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1731:Philosophical Reflections and Syntheses
1581:in 1972, the Golden Plate Award of the
345: 1941; died 1977)
322: 1936; died 1937)
14:
11975:
3995:
3975:
3911:
3700:
3665:
3296:
3092:
2938:
2788:
2786:
2628:
2616:
2581:
2288:
2276:
2191:
1777:Relativistic Breit–Wigner distribution
1634:House Un-American Activities Committee
1006:("Formation and Decay of Molecules").
865:on November 17, 1902, to middle class
757:Wigner participated in a meeting with
222:Relativistic Breit–Wigner distribution
12013:20th-century Hungarian mathematicians
11386:
10695:
10669:
9920:
9019:
9018:
8488:
7898:
7412:
6468:
6204:
6163:
5957:
5709:
4198:
3959:The Recollections of Eugene P. Wigner
3815:Broad, William J. (January 4, 1995).
3814:
3499:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
3151:(2008). "The Mathematical Universe".
2556:
1890:Modified Wigner distribution function
1709:The Recollections of Eugene P. Wigner
1615:The Recollections of Eugene P. Wigner
1452:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1173:, Wigner found new employment at the
1122:such as rotations, translations, and
1118:. The theorem specifies how physical
666:
227:Modified Wigner distribution function
12133:Oak Ridge National Laboratory people
12073:Foreign members of the Royal Society
12048:Technische Universität Berlin alumni
12008:Nobel laureates from Austria-Hungary
3525:"Preisträger Max Planck nach Jahren"
3449:. The Franklin Institute. 2014-01-15
3197:
3063:
3057:
2629:Wilson, Richard (November 8, 2002).
1975:
1910:Wigner quasiprobability distribution
1822:Wigner quasiprobability distribution
1772:Polynomial Wigner–Ville distribution
1184:
202:Wigner quasiprobability distribution
12173:Deaths from pneumonia in New Jersey
12168:Mathematicians from Austria-Hungary
12128:National Medal of Science laureates
3737:Johnson, Thomas (9 November 1975).
3299:"Remarks on the Mind-Body Question"
2783:
1033:for two semesters. Wigner explored
24:
11153:Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
3923:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
3789:
3608:from the original on Feb 16, 2024.
3473:United States Department of Energy
1513:(a student of Wigner's) discussed
1078:Group Theory and Quantum Mechanics
25:
12209:
12098:20th-century Hungarian physicists
4057:
3784:Wigner, Mehra & Wightman 1995
3586:from the original on Mar 4, 2016.
3582:Communications. January 3, 1995.
3010:The American Mathematical Monthly
2736:from the original on Apr 13, 2023
2658:"Brief Review of R-Matrix Theory"
1988:"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963"
1867:Von Neumann–Wigner interpretation
1241:, who had completed her Ph.D. at
1221:to authorize the creation of the
1004:Bildung und Zerfall von Molekülen
773:to authorize the creation of the
722:were responsible for introducing
532:Bildung und Zerfall von Molekülen
12043:Atoms for Peace Award recipients
12033:20th-century American physicists
11960:
11948:
11936:
11924:
11912:
11369:
11368:
5992:
2655:
978:. Wigner also met the physicist
641:
130:United States (naturalized 1937)
12163:Winners of the Max Planck Medal
4171:Works by or about Eugene Wigner
4117: (archived October 5, 2012)
4066:Voices of the Manhattan Project
3808:
3730:
3685:10.1090/S0002-9904-1968-12047-6
3659:
3647:. American Mathematical Society
3645:"Josiah Willard Gibbs Lectures"
3637:
3612:
3602:American Academy of Achievement
3590:
3543:
3517:
3487:
3461:
3439:
3414:
3379:
3332:
3290:
2904:
2747:
2718:
2649:
2622:
2575:
2550:
2481:
2447:
2405:
2242:
2185:
1872:Wigner–Witmer correlation rules
1654:
1583:American Academy of Achievement
1056:Wigner received a request from
1009:
801:. Wigner was disappointed that
501:University of Wisconsin–Madison
366:
342:
319:
3248:Cambridge Journal of Economics
3206:The Mathematical Intelligencer
3066:The Mathematical Intelligencer
2730:American Philosophical Society
2493:Los Alamos National Laboratory
2251:"Eugene Paul Wigner 1902–1995"
1963:List of Jewish Nobel laureates
1915:Wigner semicircle distribution
1900:Wigner semicircle distribution
1686:, Vieweg Verlag, Braunschweig.
1495:quantum mechanical measurement
1383:in 1944 and the United States
1381:American Philosophical Society
1374:
187:Wigner semicircle distribution
13:
1:
12058:Enrico Fermi Award recipients
12053:Burials at Princeton Cemetery
7413:
6206:Behavioral and social science
4096:Mathematics Genealogy Project
3840:
3795:Staff writer (Jan. 2, 1989).
1668:University of Chicago Press.
1593:in 1982. In 1968 he gave the
1504:consciousness causes collapse
1389:Oak Ridge National Laboratory
1321:Wigner was disappointed that
1231:German nuclear weapon project
1229:. Wigner was afraid that the
1223:Advisory Committee on Uranium
940:Technische Universität Berlin
813:, and returned to Princeton.
807:Oak Ridge National Laboratory
783:German nuclear weapon project
781:. Wigner was afraid that the
775:Advisory Committee on Uranium
750:recruited Wigner, along with
146:Technische Universität Berlin
12193:Recipients of Franklin Medal
12143:Princeton University faculty
12103:Hungarian nuclear physicists
11313:Oppenheimer security hearing
4107: (archived July 9, 2011)
3716:National Academy of Sciences
3339:Everett, Hugh (1957-07-01).
3311:10.1007/978-3-642-78374-6_20
2759:National Academy of Sciences
1895:Wigner distribution function
1762:Jordan–Wigner transformation
1429:National Bureau of Standards
1385:National Academy of Sciences
891:Fasori Evangélikus Gimnázium
857:Wigner Jenő Pál was born in
818:National Bureau of Standards
668:[ˈviɡnɛrˈjɛnøːˈpaːl]
555:Other academic advisors
355:Eileen Clare-Patton Hamilton
245:Jordan–Wigner transformation
231:Wigner–d'Espagnat inequality
197:Wigner distribution function
42:when mentioning individuals.
7:
10206:Charles Christian Lauritsen
3797:"Western Goals Foundation."
2875:Johnson & Schaffer 1994
2778:Johnson & Schaffer 1994
1946:
1515:Wigner's thought experiment
1437:National Science Foundation
1217:, which prompted President
1166:, with whom she remarried.
826:National Science Foundation
769:, which prompted President
696:Technical Hochschule Berlin
381:David Wigner, Martha Wigner
10:
12214:
12108:Jewish American physicists
11993:Nobel laureates in Physics
11414:John von Neumann Lecturers
10075:William Francis Gray Swann
9094:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
3850:; Duncan, Francis (1969).
3718:. National Academies Press
3239:Velupillai, K. V. (2005).
2584:Journal of Applied Physics
2533:Wigner & Weinberg 1992
1767:Newton–Wigner localization
1450:Wigner was elected to the
1379:Wigner was elected to the
1140:antilinear and antiunitary
1041:. He also delved into the
588:Victor Frederick Weisskopf
250:Newton–Wigner localization
29:
12138:People from Pest, Hungary
12003:Hungarian Nobel laureates
11420:
11366:
11256:Bismuth phosphate process
11251:Atomic Energy Act of 1946
11238:
11207:
11140:
10929:
10798:
10712:
10703:
10642:Sylvester James Gates Jr.
10514:
10359:
10198:
10055:
9986:Edward Leamington Nichols
9954:
9856:
9705:
9554:
9375:
9181:
9029:
9025:
9014:
8948:
8850:
8739:
8650:
8571:
8499:
8495:
8484:
8441:
8350:
8242:
8133:
8069:William Hayward Pickering
8014:
7909:
7905:
7894:
7820:
7712:
7566:
7442:
7423:
7419:
7408:
7319:
7128:
6942:
6760:
6616:
6479:
6475:
6464:
6421:
6362:
6274:
6234:
6215:
6211:
6200:
6138:
6101:
6064:
6045:
6002:
5881:
5850:
5819:
5794:
5770:
5745:
5346:
5003:
4692:
4470:
4236:
4160:Charles Babbage Institute
3666:Wigner, Eugene P (1968).
3365:10.1103/RevModPhys.29.454
3345:Reviews of Modern Physics
3183:10.1007/s10701-007-9186-9
2863:Hewlett & Duncan 1969
2489:"Chicago Pile 1 Pioneers"
1958:The Martians (scientists)
1757:Bargmann–Wigner equations
1645:University Medical Center
1575:National Medal of Science
1433:National Research Council
1148:projective representation
905:. In 1919, to escape the
822:National Research Council
640:
635:
631:
575:
554:
542:
524:
488:
457:
450:
429:National Medal of Science
385:
377:
298:
159:Bargmann–Wigner equations
151:
137:
120:
101:
68:
56:
49:
12198:Scientists from Budapest
12113:Manhattan Project people
11998:American Nobel laureates
10379:Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.
10212:John Hasbrouck Van Vleck
10040:Thomas Corwin Mendenhall
9518:Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.
8964:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
6595:Burrhus Frederic Skinner
4086:University of St Andrews
3853:Atomic Shield, 1947–1952
3469:"Eugene P. Wigner, 1958"
3115:IEEE Intelligent Systems
2561:. Springer. p. 12.
2315:, pp. 136, 153–155.
1968:
1792:Wigner–Inonu contraction
1626:Western Goals Foundation
1441:Atomic Energy Commission
1398:Atomic Energy Commission
1327:Metallurgical Laboratory
1020:Kaiser Wilhelm Institute
853:and Eugene Wigner (1928)
842:Early life and education
830:Atomic Energy Commission
811:Atomic Energy Commission
738:is a cornerstone in the
708:Kaiser Wilhelm Institute
675:who also contributed to
255:Wigner–Inonu contraction
38:. This article uses
30:The native form of this
12118:Mathematical physicists
12063:Fasori Gimnázium alumni
11333:S-1 Executive Committee
11281:Einstein–Szilard letter
10397:Arthur Leonard Schawlow
10153:Arthur Jeffrey Dempster
10141:Percy Williams Bridgman
10016:Robert Andrews Millikan
8829:Cathleen Synge Morawetz
6747:George Ledyard Stebbins
6668:James Augustine Shannon
2457:. St Andrews University
2413:"Obituary: Mary Wigner"
2249:Wightman, A.S. (1995).
1817:Wigner's classification
1812:Wigner–Wilkins spectrum
1632:, the disabling of the
1585:in 1974, the eponymous
1537:Wigner was awarded the
1491:Wigner's Friend paradox
1297:Chicago Pile One (CP-1)
1215:Einstein–Szilárd letter
1175:University of Wisconsin
1126:are represented on the
1062:University of Göttingen
1051:Eduard Ritter von Weber
1037:, studying the work of
948:German Physical Society
934:Technische Hochschulein
795:weapons grade plutonium
767:Einstein–Szilard letter
716:University of Göttingen
496:University of Göttingen
280:Wigner–Wilkins spectrum
192:Wigner's classification
12148:Theoretical physicists
11753:George C. Papanicolaou
11657:R. Tyrrell Rockafellar
10775:Salt Wells Pilot Plant
10296:John Archibald Wheeler
10183:Francis Wheeler Loomis
10117:John Torrence Tate Sr.
10004:Benjamin Osgood Peirce
9962:Henry Augustus Rowland
9286:Joseph O. Hirschfelder
9273:Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
8229:Harry George Drickamer
8175:Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
7849:M. Frederick Hawthorne
7723:John D. Baldeschwieler
6963:Daniel E. Koshland Jr.
6645:Earl W. Sutherland Jr.
6103:Physiology or Medicine
5987:or Hungarian-American
5887:Nobel Prize recipients
5852:Physiology or Medicine
4230:Nobel Prize in Physics
3996:Wigner, E. P. (1959).
3297:Wigner, E. P. (1995),
3153:Foundations of Physics
3106:; Pereira, F. (2009).
2968:10.1002/cpa.3160130102
2686:The original paper is
2195:Zeitschrift für Physik
1885:Gabor–Wigner transform
1782:Thomas–Wigner rotation
1745:Selected contributions
1539:Nobel Prize in Physics
1527:nuclear blast shelters
1519:extremely hypothetical
1470:in Molecular Biology,
1349:
1318:
1301:nuclear chain reaction
1299:achieved a controlled
1202:
1099:
854:
681:Nobel Prize in Physics
659:
423:Nobel Prize in Physics
270:Thomas–Wigner rotation
235:Gabor–Wigner transform
164:Law of conservation of
11353:X-10 Graphite Reactor
11308:Nobel Prize laureates
11178:509th Composite Group
10499:Jerome Isaac Friedman
10177:J. Robert Oppenheimer
9998:William Francis Magie
9974:Arthur Gordon Webster
9877:Sylvester James Gates
9263:William Alfred Fowler
9245:Robert Rathbun Wilson
9058:Robert Burns Woodward
7870:Geraldine L. Richmond
7618:Howard E. Simmons Jr.
6901:Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
6830:Vernon B. Mountcastle
6686:Sterling B. Hendricks
6503:Marshall W. Nirenberg
6498:Theodosius Dobzhansky
6346:William Julius Wilson
3531:on September 23, 2015
3398:10.1515/9781400842742
2710:10.1103/PhysRev.72.29
2059:, pp. 33–34, 47.
1807:Wigner–Weyl transform
1787:Wigner–Eckart theorem
1649:Princeton, New Jersey
1579:Albert Einstein Award
1567:Atoms for Peace Award
1480:Ivor Grattan-Guinness
1466:in Computer Science,
1421:Los Alamos Laboratory
1413:Leslie R. Groves, Jr.
1344:
1309:
1289:University of Chicago
1258:J. Ernest Wilkins Jr.
1219:Franklin D. Roosevelt
1213:that resulted in the
1201:(left), March 5, 1946
1193:Wigner receiving the
1192:
1090:
988:Fritz Haber Institute
849:
771:Franklin D. Roosevelt
765:that resulted in the
732:mathematical theorems
673:theoretical physicist
603:Edwin Thompson Jaynes
516:University of Chicago
435:Albert Einstein Award
411:Atoms for Peace Award
275:Wigner–Weyl transform
177:Wigner–Eckart theorem
113:Princeton, New Jersey
11841:Bernard J. Matkowsky
11825:Jennifer Tour Chayes
11261:British contribution
11163:Operation Peppermint
11158:Operation Crossroads
11017:Maria Goeppert Mayer
10463:Donald N. Langenberg
10451:Nicolaas Bloembergen
10320:Edward Mills Purcell
10230:Raymond Thayer Birge
10028:Joseph Sweetman Ames
9848:Warren M. Washington
9812:Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
9721:Jeremiah P. Ostriker
9666:Martin Schwarzschild
9447:Solomon J. Buchsbaum
9439:J. Robert Schrieffer
9409:E. Margaret Burbidge
9253:Nicolaas Bloembergen
9230:Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
9109:Vladimir K. Zworykin
8861:John Griggs Thompson
8784:Martin David Kruskal
8624:Kurt Otto Friedrichs
8097:Erwin Wilhelm Müller
8051:Ralph Brazelton Peck
8006:Jack St. Clair Kilby
7933:John Robinson Pierce
7900:Engineering sciences
7831:Jacqueline K. Barton
7686:George M. Whitesides
7605:Dudley R. Herschbach
7543:Richard B. Bernstein
7512:Walter H. Stockmayer
7060:Elizabeth F. Neufeld
6991:G. Evelyn Hutchinson
6881:Stanley Norman Cohen
6868:Rita Levi-Montalcini
6704:Keith Roberts Porter
6567:Alfred H. Sturtevant
6562:Michael Heidelberger
6534:Fritz Albert Lipmann
6117:Szent-Györgyi Albert
5835:Maria Goeppert Mayer
4072:Robertson, Edmund F.
4042:. Berlin: Springer.
4023:. Berlin: Springer.
3741:. The New York Times
3580:Princeton University
2982:on February 28, 2011
2912:"Eugene Paul Wigner"
2805:"Eugene Paul Wigner"
2423:(7): 58. July 1978.
1630:crippling of the FBI
1595:Josiah Willard Gibbs
1551:Maria Goeppert-Mayer
1547:elementary particles
1482:in Mathematics, and
1393:Oak Ridge, Tennessee
1155:Princeton University
994:, who became, after
990:), and there he met
944:chemical engineering
942:), where he studied
748:Princeton University
689:elementary particles
677:mathematical physics
506:Princeton University
332:Mary Annette Wheeler
12093:Hungarian Lutherans
11849:Charles F. Van Loan
11617:Jacques-Louis Lions
11022:George Kistiakowsky
10977:Charles Critchfield
10636:Philip H. Bucksbaum
10528:William F. Brinkman
10415:Mildred Dresselhaus
10338:Joseph Edward Mayer
10314:Luis Walter Alvarez
10278:John Harry Williams
10105:Harrison M. Randall
10063:Karl Taylor Compton
9968:Albert A. Michelson
9898:Shirley Ann Jackson
9817:Charles P. Slichter
9661:Marshall Rosenbluth
9653:Wallace S. Broecker
9606:Eugene M. Shoemaker
9367:Victor F. Weisskopf
9314:Herbert S. Gutowsky
9296:Edgar Bright Wilson
9137:George Kistiakowsky
8755:Stephen Cole Kleene
8266:George H. Heilmeier
8253:Mildred Dresselhaus
8144:Edward H. Heinemann
8074:Frederick E. Terman
8038:Richard T. Whitcomb
7959:Clarence L. Johnson
7920:Theodore von Kármán
7807:Stephen J. Benkovic
7786:Mostafa A. El-Sayed
7773:Marvin H. Caruthers
7728:Ralph F. Hirschmann
7668:Darleane C. Hoffman
7558:Harden M. McConnell
7499:Frank H. Westheimer
7311:Stanley B. Prusiner
7275:Robert J. Lefkowitz
7034:Howard Martin Temin
6891:Maurice R. Hilleman
6886:Joseph L. Goldstein
6825:Donald A. Henderson
6742:Earl Reece Stadtman
6727:Elizabeth C. Crosby
6691:Orville Alvin Vogel
6521:Donald D. Van Slyke
6470:Biological sciences
4070:O'Connor, John J.;
3848:Hewlett, Richard G.
3624:University of Texas
3422:New York Daily News
3357:1957RvMP...29..454E
3175:2008FoPh...38..101T
3127:10.1109/MIS.2009.36
2960:1960CPAM...13....1W
2901:, pp. 288–290.
2702:1947PhRv...72...29W
2596:1946JAP....17..857W
2523:, pp. 233–235.
2499:on February 4, 2012
2478:, pp. 217–218.
2429:1978PhT....31g..58.
2402:, pp. 205–207.
2375:, pp. 197–202.
2363:, pp. 184–185.
2351:, pp. 173–178.
2339:, pp. 171–172.
2327:, pp. 163–166.
2303:, pp. 127–132.
2291:, pp. 233–236.
2279:, pp. 251–254.
2239:, pp. 116–119.
2208:1927ZPhy...43..624W
2182:, pp. 109–112.
2170:, pp. 101–106.
2023:, pp. 164–166.
1802:Wigner–Seitz radius
1750:Theoretical physics
1733:. Springer, Berlin
1651:on 1 January 1995.
1565:award in 1958, the
1340:Savannah River Site
1199:Robert P. Patterson
1179:naturalized citizen
1047:Ferdinand Frobenius
728:symmetry in physics
480:Solid-state physics
465:Theoretical physics
265:Wigner–Seitz radius
12083:Hungarian atheists
12028:American Lutherans
11967:Nuclear technology
11955:History of science
11857:Margaret H. Wright
11745:Jerrold E. Marsden
11689:Olga Ladyzhenskaya
11561:Kurt O. Friedrichs
11505:James H. Wilkinson
11087:Henry DeWolf Smyth
10866:Robert Oppenheimer
10821:Priscilla Duffield
10600:Malcolm R. Beasley
10564:Arthur Bienenstock
10439:James A. Krumhansl
10385:Lewis M. Branscomb
10272:William V. Houston
10242:Henry DeWolf Smyth
10171:Lee Alvin DuBridge
10111:Lyman James Briggs
10099:Floyd K. Richtmyer
9770:G. Brent Dalrymple
9588:Arthur L. Schawlow
9495:James A. Van Allen
9386:Philip W. Anderson
9342:Richard P. Feynman
9268:Linus Carl Pauling
8903:Dennis P. Sullivan
8460:John B. Goodenough
8393:Edwin N. Lightfoot
8361:Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
8342:Kenneth N. Stevens
8110:Raymond D. Mindlin
8033:Harold E. Edgerton
7878:A. Paul Alivisatos
7757:Stephen J. Lippard
7736:Ernest R. Davidson
7673:Harold S. Johnston
7507:William S. Johnson
7471:George C. Pimentel
7306:Susan L. Lindquist
7288:Francis S. Collins
7182:Victor A. McKusick
7157:Francisco J. Ayala
7139:Nancy C. Andreasen
7089:Robert A. Weinberg
6863:Har Gobind Khorana
6848:Michael E. DeBakey
6835:George Emil Palade
6807:Wendell L. Roelofs
6797:Howard L. Bachrach
6627:Barbara McClintock
6529:Edward F. Knipling
5866:Alan Lloyd Hodgkin
4182:on Nobelprize.org
4017:Weinberg, Alvin M.
3822:The New York Times
3620:"The Wigner Medal"
3576:"Eugene P. Wigner"
3447:"Eugene P. Wigner"
3270:10.1093/cje/bei084
3218:10.1007/BF02985373
3078:10.1007/BF03025372
2802:Weinberg, Alvin M.
2755:"Eugene P. Wigner"
2665:MIT OpenCourseWare
2455:"Wigner Biography"
2216:10.1007/BF01397327
1990:. Nobel Foundation
1930:Wigner 3-j symbols
1603:Unification Church
1506:" interpretation.
1338:for DuPont on the
1319:
1247:Rutgers University
1203:
1136:linear and unitary
1100:
855:
694:A graduate of the
679:. He received the
652:Eugene Paul Wigner
405:Enrico Fermi Award
127:Hungary (by birth)
91:Kingdom of Hungary
40:Western name order
12018:American atheists
11900:
11899:
11893:
11885:
11877:
11869:
11861:
11853:
11845:
11837:
11829:
11821:
11813:
11805:
11797:
11793:Ingrid Daubechies
11789:
11781:
11773:
11765:
11757:
11749:
11741:
11733:
11729:Heinz-Otto Kreiss
11725:
11717:
11709:
11701:
11697:Charles S. Peskin
11693:
11685:
11677:
11669:
11665:Martin D. Kruskal
11661:
11653:
11645:
11637:
11633:Germund Dahlquist
11629:
11621:
11613:
11605:
11597:
11589:
11581:
11573:
11565:
11557:
11549:
11541:
11533:
11525:
11517:
11509:
11501:
11497:George F. Carrier
11493:
11485:
11477:
11469:
11461:
11457:Solomon Lefschetz
11453:
11445:
11437:
11429:
11380:
11379:
11302:Los Alamos Primer
11291:Interim Committee
11246:African Americans
11198:The Great Artiste
11057:Isidor Isaac Rabi
11052:Norman Ramsey Jr.
10851:Franklin Matthias
10790:Heavy water sites
10697:Manhattan Project
10663:
10662:
10594:Michael S. Turner
10433:Val Logsdon Fitch
10403:Maurice Goldhaber
10367:William A. Fowler
10302:Charles H. Townes
10189:Isidor Isaac Rabi
10022:Henry A. Bumstead
9914:
9913:
9910:
9909:
9906:
9905:
9843:Esther M. Conwell
9783:Robert N. Clayton
9775:Riccardo Giacconi
9739:Raymond Davis Jr.
9627:Albert Overhauser
9570:Edwin M. McMillan
9531:Arnold O. Beckman
9508:Paul Ching-Wu Chu
9485:Paul C. Lauterbur
9462:Robert Hofstadter
9414:Maurice Goldhaber
9401:Charles H. Townes
9352:Edward M. Purcell
9319:Frederick Rossini
9173:Wolfgang Panofsky
9104:John H. Van Vleck
9020:Physical sciences
9010:
9009:
9006:
9005:
8972:Solomon W. Golomb
8932:Andrew J. Viterbi
8927:Leonard Kleinrock
8874:Calyampudi R. Rao
8842:Ronald R. Coifman
8750:George F. Carrier
8731:Donald C. Spencer
8726:Saunders Mac Lane
8661:Marshall H. Stone
8611:Shiing-Shen Chern
8518:Solomon Lefschetz
8480:
8479:
8476:
8475:
8417:David J. Wineland
8385:John M. Prausnitz
8326:C. Kumar N. Patel
8321:James L. Flanagan
8289:John Roy Whinnery
8276:H. Guyford Stever
8258:Nick Holonyak Jr.
8221:George W. Housner
8216:Willis M. Hawkins
8211:Daniel C. Drucker
8193:Robert Byron Bird
8185:Bernard M. Oliver
8092:Peter C. Goldmark
8079:Wernher von Braun
8025:George E. Mueller
7998:Nathan M. Newmark
7993:J. Presper Eckert
7972:Claude E. Shannon
7941:Charles S. Draper
7890:
7889:
7886:
7885:
7857:Judith P. Klinman
7741:Gábor A. Somorjai
7652:Isabella L. Karle
7639:George S. Hammond
7600:Gertrude B. Elion
7553:Rudolph A. Marcus
7404:
7403:
7400:
7399:
7330:Ralph L. Brinster
7249:Torsten N. Wiesel
7226:Norman E. Borlaug
7213:Solomon H. Snyder
7208:J. Michael Bishop
7167:Mario R. Capecchi
7047:Salome G. Waelsch
6978:E. Donnall Thomas
6853:Theodor O. Diener
6752:Paul Alfred Weiss
6580:Bernard B. Brodie
6516:George G. Simpson
6460:
6459:
6456:
6455:
6405:Michael I. Posner
6306:Eleanor J. Gibson
6258:George J. Stigler
6226:Neal Elgar Miller
6157:
6156:
6140:Economic Sciences
6012:Zsigmondy Richárd
5951:
5950:
5841:J. Hans D. Jensen
5703:
5702:
4049:978-3-540-63372-3
4030:978-0-387-55343-6
4007:978-0-12-750550-3
3968:978-0-306-44326-8
3930:978-0-684-80400-2
3904:978-0-87049-853-4
3866:978-0-520-07187-2
3505:on August 5, 2015
3475:Office of Science
3320:978-3-540-63372-3
2918:. 9 February 2023
2865:, pp. 38–39.
2604:10.1063/1.1707653
2568:978-3-642-08154-5
2437:10.1063/1.2995119
2202:(9–10): 624–652.
2158:, pp. 76–84.
2146:, pp. 93–94.
2134:, pp. 68–75.
2122:, pp. 64–65.
2083:, pp. 40–43.
2071:, pp. 49–53.
2047:, pp. 22–24.
2035:, pp. 14–15.
1936:group contraction
1797:Wigner–Seitz cell
1703:1992 (as told to
1662:Alvin M. Weinberg
1589:in 1978, and the
1555:J. Hans D. Jensen
1474:in data mining,
1357:neutron radiation
1335:neutron poisoning
1285:neutron moderator
1262:Alvin M. Weinberg
1185:Manhattan Project
1108:quantum mechanics
1058:Arnold Sommerfeld
1039:Erwin Schrödinger
1035:quantum mechanics
964:Werner Heisenberg
899:János von Neumann
851:Werner Heisenberg
734:. In particular,
649:
648:
618:Frederick Tappert
576:Doctoral students
511:Manhattan Project
452:Scientific career
260:Wigner–Seitz cell
83:November 17, 1902
16:(Redirected from
12205:
11965:
11964:
11963:
11953:
11952:
11951:
11941:
11940:
11929:
11928:
11927:
11917:
11916:
11915:
11908:
11891:
11883:
11875:
11867:
11859:
11851:
11843:
11835:
11827:
11819:
11817:Leslie Greengard
11811:
11803:
11795:
11787:
11779:
11771:
11763:
11755:
11747:
11739:
11731:
11723:
11715:
11707:
11699:
11691:
11683:
11675:
11667:
11659:
11651:
11643:
11635:
11627:
11619:
11611:
11603:
11595:
11593:Joseph B. Keller
11587:
11579:
11577:Garrett Birkhoff
11571:
11569:Keith Stewartson
11563:
11555:
11547:
11539:
11531:
11523:
11515:
11507:
11499:
11491:
11483:
11475:
11467:
11459:
11451:
11443:
11435:
11427:
11407:
11400:
11393:
11384:
11383:
11372:
11371:
11323:Quebec Agreement
11107:John von Neumann
11047:George B. Pegram
10856:Dorothy McKibbin
10690:
10683:
10676:
10667:
10666:
10570:Cherry A. Murray
10487:D. Allan Bromley
10457:Ernest M. Henley
10445:Eugen Merzbacher
10421:Robert R. Wilson
10260:Victor Weisskopf
10254:George Uhlenbeck
10129:George B. Pegram
9941:
9934:
9927:
9918:
9917:
9726:Gilbert F. White
9671:George Wetherill
9565:Allan M. Cormack
9523:Jack Steinberger
9503:D. Allan Bromley
9452:H. Richard Crane
9429:Frederick Reines
9419:Helmut Landsberg
9334:George Uhlenbeck
9235:Vladimir Haensel
9197:Allan R. Sandage
9168:Herbert C. Brown
9150:Herbert Friedman
9076:Leon M. Lederman
9048:Julian Schwinger
9027:
9026:
9016:
9015:
8985:Alexandre Chorin
8959:Richard A. Tapia
8940:David B. Mumford
8768:Alberto Calderón
8713:Joseph B. Keller
8700:Michael Freedman
8669:Herman Goldstine
8523:H. Marston Morse
8497:
8496:
8486:
8485:
8425:Rudolf E. Kálmán
8409:Robert S. Langer
8401:Jan D. Achenbach
8234:Herbert E. Grier
7985:Igor I. Sikorsky
7946:Othmar H. Ammann
7907:
7906:
7896:
7895:
7862:Jerrold Meinwald
7631:Norman Hackerman
7610:Glenn T. Seaborg
7525:William O. Baker
7453:F. Albert Cotton
7421:
7420:
7410:
7409:
7387:Mary-Claire King
7280:Bert W. O'Malley
7236:Thomas E. Starzl
7231:Phillip A. Sharp
7218:Charles Yanofsky
7200:Evelyn M. Witkin
7195:James E. Darnell
7021:Paul C. Zamecnik
6986:Mary Ellen Avery
6958:Herbert W. Boyer
6953:Baruj Benacerraf
6924:Joshua Lederberg
6914:Viktor Hamburger
6876:Michael S. Brown
6722:Robert H. Burris
6477:
6476:
6466:
6465:
6413:Mortimer Mishkin
6338:William K. Estes
6322:Roger N. Shepard
6314:Robert K. Merton
6298:George A. Miller
6245:Herbert A. Simon
6213:
6212:
6202:
6201:
6184:
6177:
6170:
6161:
6160:
5997:
5996:
5995:
5978:
5971:
5964:
5955:
5954:
5889:
5730:
5723:
5716:
5707:
5706:
5696:
5680:
5664:
5648:
5632:
5616:
5600:
5584:
5568:
5556:
5540:
5528:
5516:
5500:
5488:
5472:
5456:
5444:
5432:
5416:
5400:
5384:
5368:
5339:
5323:
5311:
5295:
5279:
5263:
5251:
5239:
5227:
5219:
5211:
5195:
5179:
5163:
5151:
5135:
5127:
5115:
5103:
5095:
5079:
5067:
5051:
5035:
5019:
4996:
4980:
4968:
4952:
4936:
4928:
4916:
4908:
4900:
4892:
4884:
4868:
4852:
4836:
4828:
4816:
4808:
4796:
4780:
4768:
4752:
4740:
4728:
4720:
4708:
4685:
4677:
4669:
4661:
4653:
4645:
4637:
4629:
4621:
4620:
4614:
4613:
4607:
4606:
4600:
4592:
4584:
4572:
4560:
4552:
4551:
4545:
4533:
4525:
4524:
4518:
4510:
4502:
4494:
4482:
4463:
4451:
4443:
4435:
4427:
4419:
4411:
4403:
4395:
4387:
4386:
4380:
4368:
4360:
4358:Kamerlingh Onnes
4352:
4344:
4336:
4328:
4316:
4308:
4300:
4292:
4284:
4276:
4260:
4248:
4219:
4212:
4205:
4196:
4195:
4187:
4175:Internet Archive
4164:John von Neumann
4088:
4053:
4034:
4011:
3992:
3972:
3934:
3922:
3908:
3896:
3885:
3883:
3881:
3858:
3834:
3833:
3831:
3829:
3812:
3806:
3802:. Archived from
3793:
3787:
3781:
3775:
3769:
3763:
3757:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3746:
3734:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3723:
3713:
3704:
3698:
3697:
3687:
3663:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3652:
3641:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3630:
3616:
3610:
3609:
3594:
3588:
3587:
3572:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3561:
3547:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3521:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3510:
3501:. Archived from
3491:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3480:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3443:
3437:
3431:
3425:
3418:
3412:
3411:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3336:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3327:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3278:
3272:. Archived from
3263:
3245:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3201:
3195:
3194:
3168:
3145:
3139:
3138:
3112:
3096:
3090:
3089:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3042:. Archived from
3033:
2998:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2978:. Archived from
2936:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2908:
2902:
2896:
2890:
2884:
2878:
2872:
2866:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2846:
2841:on 16 March 2013
2827:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2794:Seitz, Frederick
2790:
2781:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2722:
2716:
2713:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2673:
2667:. Archived from
2662:
2653:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2626:
2620:
2614:
2608:
2607:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2554:
2548:
2542:
2536:
2530:
2524:
2518:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2495:. Archived from
2485:
2479:
2473:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2439:. Archived from
2409:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2385:
2376:
2370:
2364:
2358:
2352:
2346:
2340:
2334:
2328:
2322:
2316:
2310:
2304:
2298:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2255:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2228:
2227:
2189:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2141:
2135:
2129:
2123:
2117:
2111:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2084:
2078:
2072:
2066:
2060:
2054:
2048:
2042:
2036:
2030:
2024:
2018:
2012:
2011:, pp. 9–12.
2006:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1984:
1862:Wigner's disease
1832:Wigner's theorem
1571:Max Planck Medal
1511:Hugh Everett III
1369:Leonard Eisenbud
1251:Douglass College
1112:Wigner's theorem
1016:Karl Weissenberg
960:Rudolf Ladenburg
910:communist regime
787:nuclear reactors
752:John von Neumann
736:Wigner's theorem
700:Karl Weissenberg
670:
665:
645:
623:J O Hirschfelder
593:Marcos Moshinsky
544:Doctoral advisor
538:
417:Max Planck Medal
370:
368:
346:
344:
323:
321:
240:Wigner's theorem
108:
82:
80:
61:
47:
46:
21:
12213:
12212:
12208:
12207:
12206:
12204:
12203:
12202:
12023:Jewish atheists
11973:
11972:
11971:
11961:
11959:
11949:
11947:
11935:
11925:
11923:
11913:
11911:
11903:
11901:
11896:
11785:Bernd Sturmfels
11625:Richard M. Karp
11529:James Lighthill
11416:
11411:
11381:
11376:
11362:
11328:RaLa Experiment
11234:
11203:
11168:Project Alberta
11136:
11132:Chien-Shiung Wu
11062:James Rainwater
10997:Richard Feynman
10987:John R. Dunning
10962:Norris Bradbury
10925:
10911:Stafford Warren
10881:William Purnell
10861:Kenneth Nichols
10841:Ernest Lawrence
10816:James B. Conant
10794:
10708:
10699:
10694:
10664:
10659:
10648:Frances Hellman
10546:Marvin L. Cohen
10534:Myriam Sarachik
10522:George Trilling
10510:
10505:James S. Langer
10481:J.R. Schrieffer
10391:Herman Feshbach
10355:
10350:Chien-Shiung Wu
10332:Philip M. Morse
10266:Frederick Seitz
10194:
10159:Harvey Fletcher
10051:
9950:
9945:
9915:
9902:
9890:Sean C. Solomon
9852:
9804:Daniel Kleppner
9796:Lonnie Thompson
9791:Ralph A. Alpher
9757:W. Jason Morgan
9744:Charles Keeling
9734:Marvin L. Cohen
9701:
9684:John N. Bahcall
9679:Don L. Anderson
9645:Peter Goldreich
9598:Steven Weinberg
9550:
9480:Walter Elsasser
9457:Herman Feshbach
9371:
9309:Samuel Goudsmit
9301:Chien-Shiung Wu
9240:Frederick Seitz
9207:John A. Wheeler
9192:Robert H. Dicke
9177:
9040:Luis W. Alvarez
9021:
9002:
8990:David Blackwell
8944:
8895:Carl R. de Boor
8866:Karen Uhlenbeck
8846:
8800:Louis Nirenberg
8735:
8708:Ralph E. Gomory
8646:
8642:Donald E. Knuth
8629:Hassler Whitney
8567:
8491:
8472:
8437:
8369:Andreas Acrivos
8346:
8334:Eli Ruckenstein
8313:Hermann A. Haus
8284:Calvin F. Quate
8271:Luna B. Leopold
8238:
8129:
8115:Robert N. Noyce
8105:Emmett N. Leith
8064:Manson Benedict
8046:Rudolf Kompfner
8010:
7964:Warren K. Lewis
7901:
7882:
7816:
7778:Peter B. Dervan
7749:John I. Brauman
7708:
7660:Norman Davidson
7587:John D. Roberts
7562:
7530:Konrad E. Bloch
7476:Richard N. Zare
7438:
7415:
7396:
7353:Sallie Chisholm
7335:Rudolf Jaenisch
7315:
7298:J. Craig Venter
7257:Rita R. Colwell
7124:
7110:David Baltimore
7001:Robert W. Kates
6973:David G. Nathan
6968:Edward B. Lewis
6938:
6934:Harland G. Wood
6929:Roger W. Sperry
6784:Glenn W. Burton
6756:
6732:Arthur Kornberg
6699:Roger Guillemin
6676:Hallowell Davis
6640:Daniel I. Arnon
6632:Albert B. Sabin
6612:
6585:Detlev W. Bronk
6557:Harry F. Harlow
6552:Kenneth S. Cole
6539:William C. Rose
6511:Francis P. Rous
6471:
6452:
6417:
6397:Gordon H. Bower
6358:
6354:Robert M. Solow
6270:
6266:Milton Friedman
6230:
6207:
6196:
6188:
6158:
6153:
6134:
6097:
6060:
6041:
5998:
5993:
5991:
5989:Nobel Laureates
5982:
5952:
5947:
5885:
5877:
5868:(Great Britain)
5862:(Great Britain)
5846:
5837:(United States)
5831:(United States)
5815:
5790:
5785:Giorgos Seferis
5766:
5741:
5734:
5704:
5699:
5683:
5667:
5651:
5635:
5619:
5603:
5587:
5571:
5559:
5543:
5531:
5519:
5503:
5491:
5475:
5459:
5447:
5435:
5419:
5403:
5387:
5371:
5355:
5348:
5342:
5326:
5314:
5298:
5289:Cohen-Tannoudji
5282:
5266:
5254:
5242:
5230:
5222:
5214:
5198:
5182:
5166:
5154:
5138:
5130:
5118:
5106:
5098:
5082:
5070:
5054:
5038:
5022:
5010:
4999:
4983:
4971:
4955:
4939:
4931:
4919:
4911:
4903:
4895:
4887:
4871:
4855:
4839:
4831:
4819:
4811:
4799:
4783:
4771:
4755:
4743:
4731:
4723:
4711:
4699:
4688:
4680:
4672:
4664:
4656:
4648:
4640:
4632:
4624:
4618:
4617:
4611:
4610:
4604:
4603:
4595:
4587:
4575:
4563:
4555:
4549:
4548:
4536:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4513:
4505:
4497:
4485:
4477:
4466:
4454:
4446:
4438:
4430:
4422:
4414:
4406:
4398:
4390:
4384:
4383:
4371:
4363:
4355:
4347:
4339:
4331:
4319:
4311:
4303:
4295:
4287:
4279:
4263:
4251:
4243:
4232:
4223:
4115:Wayback Machine
4105:Wayback Machine
4076:"Eugene Wigner"
4060:
4050:
4031:
4015:Wigner, E. P.;
4008:
3969:
3955:Szanton, Andrew
3942:Current Science
3931:
3913:Rhodes, Richard
3905:
3879:
3877:
3867:
3856:
3843:
3838:
3837:
3827:
3825:
3813:
3809:
3794:
3790:
3782:
3778:
3770:
3766:
3758:
3754:
3744:
3742:
3735:
3731:
3721:
3719:
3711:
3705:
3701:
3664:
3660:
3650:
3648:
3643:
3642:
3638:
3628:
3626:
3618:
3617:
3613:
3596:
3595:
3591:
3574:
3573:
3569:
3559:
3557:
3549:
3548:
3544:
3534:
3532:
3523:
3522:
3518:
3508:
3506:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3478:
3476:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3452:
3450:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3432:
3428:
3419:
3415:
3408:
3384:
3380:
3337:
3333:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3295:
3291:
3282:
3280:
3276:
3261:10.1.1.194.6586
3243:
3237:
3233:
3202:
3198:
3146:
3142:
3110:
3097:
3093:
3062:
3058:
3049:
3047:
3022:10.2307/2321982
2999:
2995:
2985:
2983:
2937:
2930:
2921:
2919:
2910:
2909:
2905:
2897:
2893:
2885:
2881:
2873:
2869:
2861:
2857:
2844:
2842:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2814:
2812:
2811:on Oct 29, 2013
2791:
2784:
2776:
2772:
2763:
2761:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2739:
2737:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2690:Physical Review
2677:
2675:
2674:on Nov 11, 2013
2671:
2660:
2654:
2650:
2640:
2638:
2637:on May 21, 2015
2627:
2623:
2615:
2611:
2590:(11): 857–863.
2580:
2576:
2569:
2555:
2551:
2543:
2539:
2531:
2527:
2519:
2512:
2502:
2500:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2474:
2470:
2460:
2458:
2453:
2452:
2448:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2398:
2394:
2386:
2379:
2371:
2367:
2359:
2355:
2347:
2343:
2335:
2331:
2323:
2319:
2311:
2307:
2299:
2295:
2287:
2283:
2275:
2271:
2253:
2247:
2243:
2235:
2231:
2190:
2186:
2178:
2174:
2166:
2162:
2154:
2150:
2142:
2138:
2130:
2126:
2118:
2114:
2106:
2102:
2094:
2087:
2079:
2075:
2067:
2063:
2055:
2051:
2043:
2039:
2031:
2027:
2019:
2015:
2007:
2003:
1993:
1991:
1986:
1985:
1976:
1971:
1949:
1905:Wigner rotation
1876:
1842:Wigner D-matrix
1827:Wigner's friend
1747:
1727:Arthur Wightman
1657:
1639:Wigner died of
1509:Interestingly,
1484:Vela Velupillai
1464:Richard Hamming
1377:
1243:Yale University
1211:Albert Einstein
1195:Medal for Merit
1187:
1094:for the Wigner
1070:Wigner D-matrix
1060:to work at the
1027:crystallography
1012:
992:Michael Polanyi
976:Albert Einstein
927:, known as the
863:Austria-Hungary
844:
779:nuclear weapons
763:Albert Einstein
710:in Berlin, and
663:
660:Wigner Jenő Pál
627:
613:Conyers Herring
608:Frederick Seitz
571:
549:Michael Polanyi
536:
520:
484:
475:Nuclear physics
446:
393:Medal for Merit
373:
372:
369: 1979)
364:
360:
357:
356:
348:
340:
336:
333:
325:
317:
313:
310:
294:
182:Wigner's friend
172:Wigner D-matrix
144:
138:Alma mater
133:
116:
110:
106:
105:January 1, 1995
97:
95:Austria-Hungary
84:
78:
76:
75:
74:
73:Wigner Jenő Pál
64:
52:
43:
36:Wigner Jenő Pál
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
12211:
12201:
12200:
12195:
12190:
12185:
12180:
12175:
12170:
12165:
12160:
12155:
12150:
12145:
12140:
12135:
12130:
12125:
12120:
12115:
12110:
12105:
12100:
12095:
12090:
12088:Hungarian Jews
12085:
12080:
12075:
12070:
12065:
12060:
12055:
12050:
12045:
12040:
12035:
12030:
12025:
12020:
12015:
12010:
12005:
12000:
11995:
11990:
11985:
11970:
11969:
11957:
11945:
11933:
11921:
11898:
11897:
11895:
11894:
11886:
11878:
11870:
11865:Nick Trefethen
11862:
11854:
11846:
11838:
11830:
11822:
11814:
11806:
11798:
11790:
11782:
11774:
11769:David Gottlieb
11766:
11758:
11750:
11742:
11737:Alan C. Newell
11734:
11726:
11718:
11710:
11705:Persi Diaconis
11702:
11694:
11686:
11678:
11670:
11662:
11654:
11646:
11638:
11630:
11622:
11614:
11606:
11598:
11590:
11582:
11574:
11566:
11558:
11550:
11542:
11534:
11526:
11518:
11513:Paul Samuelson
11510:
11502:
11494:
11486:
11481:Chia-Chiao Lin
11478:
11470:
11462:
11454:
11449:Stanislaw Ulam
11446:
11438:
11430:
11421:
11418:
11417:
11410:
11409:
11402:
11395:
11387:
11378:
11377:
11367:
11364:
11363:
11361:
11360:
11355:
11350:
11345:
11340:
11335:
11330:
11325:
11320:
11315:
11310:
11305:
11298:
11293:
11288:
11283:
11278:
11273:
11271:Chicago Pile-1
11268:
11266:Calutron Girls
11263:
11258:
11253:
11248:
11242:
11240:
11239:Related topics
11236:
11235:
11233:
11232:
11227:
11222:
11217:
11211:
11209:
11205:
11204:
11202:
11201:
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11144:
11142:
11138:
11137:
11135:
11134:
11129:
11124:
11119:
11114:
11109:
11104:
11102:Stanisław Ulam
11099:
11094:
11089:
11084:
11079:
11074:
11069:
11064:
11059:
11054:
11049:
11044:
11039:
11037:Edwin McMillan
11034:
11029:
11024:
11019:
11014:
11009:
11004:
10999:
10994:
10989:
10984:
10982:Harry Daghlian
10979:
10974:
10972:John Cockcroft
10969:
10967:James Chadwick
10964:
10959:
10954:
10949:
10944:
10939:
10933:
10931:
10927:
10926:
10924:
10923:
10918:
10913:
10908:
10903:
10898:
10893:
10891:Charles Thomas
10888:
10886:Frank Spedding
10883:
10878:
10873:
10868:
10863:
10858:
10853:
10848:
10846:James Marshall
10843:
10838:
10833:
10828:
10826:Thomas Farrell
10823:
10818:
10813:
10811:Arthur Compton
10808:
10802:
10800:
10799:Administrators
10796:
10795:
10793:
10792:
10787:
10782:
10777:
10772:
10767:
10762:
10757:
10752:
10747:
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10737:
10727:
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10716:
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10700:
10693:
10692:
10685:
10678:
10670:
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10660:
10658:
10657:
10651:
10645:
10639:
10633:
10627:
10621:
10615:
10609:
10603:
10597:
10591:
10588:Robert L. Byer
10585:
10579:
10573:
10567:
10561:
10555:
10549:
10543:
10537:
10531:
10525:
10518:
10516:
10512:
10511:
10509:
10508:
10502:
10496:
10493:Andrew Sessler
10490:
10484:
10478:
10475:C. Kumar Patel
10472:
10469:Burton Richter
10466:
10460:
10454:
10448:
10442:
10436:
10430:
10424:
10418:
10412:
10409:Robert Marshak
10406:
10400:
10394:
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10196:
10195:
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10192:
10186:
10180:
10174:
10168:
10162:
10156:
10150:
10147:Albert W. Hull
10144:
10138:
10135:George Stewart
10132:
10126:
10120:
10114:
10108:
10102:
10096:
10093:Robert W. Wood
10090:
10087:Arthur Compton
10084:
10078:
10072:
10066:
10059:
10057:
10053:
10052:
10050:
10049:
10043:
10037:
10034:Theodore Lyman
10031:
10025:
10019:
10013:
10010:Ernest Merritt
10007:
10001:
9995:
9989:
9983:
9977:
9971:
9965:
9958:
9956:
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9951:
9944:
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9936:
9929:
9921:
9912:
9911:
9908:
9907:
9904:
9903:
9901:
9900:
9895:
9892:
9887:
9885:Burton Richter
9882:
9879:
9874:
9869:
9864:
9860:
9858:
9854:
9853:
9851:
9850:
9845:
9840:
9838:Yakir Aharonov
9835:
9832:
9827:
9822:
9819:
9814:
9809:
9806:
9801:
9798:
9793:
9788:
9785:
9780:
9777:
9772:
9767:
9764:
9759:
9754:
9752:Richard Garwin
9749:
9746:
9741:
9736:
9731:
9728:
9723:
9718:
9716:Willis E. Lamb
9713:
9709:
9707:
9703:
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9700:
9699:
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9510:
9505:
9500:
9497:
9492:
9487:
9482:
9477:
9475:Philip Abelson
9472:
9469:
9467:Chen-Ning Yang
9464:
9459:
9454:
9449:
9444:
9441:
9436:
9434:Bruno B. Rossi
9431:
9426:
9421:
9416:
9411:
9406:
9403:
9398:
9393:
9391:Yoichiro Nambu
9388:
9383:
9379:
9377:
9373:
9372:
9370:
9369:
9364:
9359:
9354:
9349:
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9331:
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9321:
9316:
9311:
9306:
9303:
9298:
9293:
9288:
9283:
9278:
9275:
9270:
9265:
9260:
9255:
9250:
9247:
9242:
9237:
9232:
9227:
9222:
9217:
9214:
9209:
9204:
9202:John C. Slater
9199:
9194:
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9185:
9183:
9179:
9178:
9176:
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9170:
9165:
9162:
9157:
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9147:
9142:
9139:
9134:
9129:
9124:
9119:
9114:
9111:
9106:
9101:
9096:
9091:
9089:Jacob Bjerknes
9086:
9083:
9078:
9073:
9068:
9063:
9060:
9055:
9050:
9045:
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8934:
8929:
8924:
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8908:
8905:
8900:
8897:
8892:
8889:
8887:James G. Glimm
8884:
8881:
8879:Elias M. Stein
8876:
8871:
8868:
8863:
8858:
8854:
8852:
8848:
8847:
8845:
8844:
8839:
8834:
8831:
8826:
8823:
8821:Shing-Tung Yau
8818:
8815:
8810:
8805:
8802:
8797:
8794:
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8778:
8773:
8770:
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8734:
8733:
8728:
8723:
8718:
8715:
8710:
8705:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8689:
8687:Antoni Zygmund
8684:
8679:
8676:
8674:Isadore Singer
8671:
8666:
8663:
8658:
8654:
8652:
8648:
8647:
8645:
8644:
8639:
8637:Joseph L. Doob
8634:
8631:
8626:
8621:
8618:
8616:George Dantzig
8613:
8608:
8606:John W. Backus
8603:
8600:
8595:
8592:
8587:
8584:
8582:Richard Brauer
8579:
8575:
8573:
8569:
8568:
8566:
8565:
8563:William Feller
8560:
8557:
8552:
8549:
8544:
8541:
8536:
8533:
8528:
8525:
8520:
8515:
8512:
8510:Norbert Wiener
8507:
8503:
8501:
8493:
8492:
8482:
8481:
8478:
8477:
8474:
8473:
8471:
8470:
8468:Thomas Kailath
8465:
8462:
8457:
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8286:
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8260:
8255:
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8246:
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8240:
8239:
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8231:
8226:
8223:
8218:
8213:
8208:
8205:
8200:
8198:H. Bolton Seed
8195:
8190:
8187:
8182:
8177:
8172:
8169:
8164:
8159:
8154:
8151:
8149:Donald L. Katz
8146:
8141:
8137:
8135:
8131:
8130:
8128:
8127:
8122:
8120:Earl R. Parker
8117:
8112:
8107:
8102:
8099:
8094:
8089:
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8081:
8076:
8071:
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8022:
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8012:
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8009:
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8003:
8000:
7995:
7990:
7987:
7982:
7977:
7974:
7969:
7966:
7961:
7956:
7954:Hugh L. Dryden
7951:
7948:
7943:
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7925:
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7917:
7913:
7911:
7903:
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7880:
7875:
7872:
7867:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7851:
7846:
7841:
7838:
7836:Peter J. Stang
7833:
7828:
7824:
7822:
7818:
7817:
7815:
7814:
7812:Marye Anne Fox
7809:
7804:
7801:
7796:
7791:
7788:
7783:
7780:
7775:
7770:
7767:
7765:Tobin J. Marks
7762:
7759:
7754:
7751:
7746:
7743:
7738:
7733:
7730:
7725:
7720:
7716:
7714:
7710:
7709:
7707:
7706:
7701:
7696:
7694:Stuart A. Rice
7691:
7688:
7683:
7678:
7675:
7670:
7665:
7662:
7657:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7641:
7636:
7633:
7628:
7626:Donald J. Cram
7623:
7620:
7615:
7612:
7607:
7602:
7597:
7595:Ronald Breslow
7592:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7570:
7568:
7564:
7563:
7561:
7560:
7555:
7550:
7545:
7540:
7537:
7535:Elias J. Corey
7532:
7527:
7522:
7519:
7514:
7509:
7504:
7501:
7496:
7494:Carl S. Marvel
7491:
7486:
7481:
7478:
7473:
7468:
7466:Roald Hoffmann
7463:
7460:
7455:
7450:
7446:
7444:
7440:
7439:
7437:
7436:
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7427:
7425:
7417:
7416:
7406:
7405:
7402:
7401:
7398:
7397:
7395:
7394:
7389:
7384:
7382:Stanley Falkow
7379:
7376:
7374:Rakesh K. Jain
7371:
7368:
7363:
7358:
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7350:
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7340:
7337:
7332:
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7308:
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7228:
7223:
7220:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7177:Gene E. Likens
7174:
7169:
7164:
7162:George F. Bass
7159:
7154:
7151:
7146:
7144:Peter H. Raven
7141:
7136:
7132:
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7126:
7125:
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7117:
7112:
7107:
7104:
7099:
7094:
7091:
7086:
7081:
7078:
7073:
7070:
7068:Alexander Rich
7065:
7062:
7057:
7052:
7049:
7044:
7042:Daniel Nathans
7039:
7036:
7031:
7026:
7023:
7018:
7016:Folke K. Skoog
7013:
7008:
7006:Salvador Luria
7003:
6998:
6996:Elvin A. Kabat
6993:
6988:
6983:
6980:
6975:
6970:
6965:
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6955:
6950:
6946:
6944:
6940:
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6937:
6936:
6931:
6926:
6921:
6916:
6911:
6909:Katherine Esau
6906:
6903:
6898:
6896:Eric R. Kandel
6893:
6888:
6883:
6878:
6873:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6842:
6840:Joan A. Steitz
6837:
6832:
6827:
6822:
6817:
6814:
6812:Berta Scharrer
6809:
6804:
6799:
6794:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6779:Seymour Benzer
6776:
6773:
6771:Philip Handler
6768:
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6758:
6757:
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6754:
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6711:
6706:
6701:
6696:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6658:Erwin Chargaff
6655:
6653:Britton Chance
6650:
6647:
6642:
6637:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6620:
6618:
6614:
6613:
6611:
6610:
6605:
6603:Robert Huebner
6600:
6597:
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6582:
6577:
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6536:
6531:
6526:
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6518:
6513:
6508:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6492:
6490:C. B. van Niel
6487:
6483:
6481:
6473:
6472:
6462:
6461:
6458:
6457:
6454:
6453:
6451:
6450:
6448:Albert Bandura
6445:
6442:
6440:Robert Axelrod
6437:
6434:
6429:
6425:
6423:
6419:
6418:
6416:
6415:
6410:
6407:
6402:
6399:
6394:
6391:
6386:
6383:
6381:R. Duncan Luce
6378:
6375:
6370:
6366:
6364:
6360:
6359:
6357:
6356:
6351:
6348:
6343:
6340:
6335:
6332:
6330:Paul Samuelson
6327:
6324:
6319:
6316:
6311:
6308:
6303:
6300:
6295:
6292:
6290:Patrick Suppes
6287:
6285:Leonid Hurwicz
6282:
6278:
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6260:
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6164:
6155:
6154:
6152:
6151:
6148:Harsányi János
6144:
6142:
6136:
6135:
6133:
6132:
6129:Karikó Katalin
6126:
6120:
6114:
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5779:
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5725:
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5665:
5649:
5633:
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5601:
5585:
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5517:
5501:
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5385:
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5228:
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5196:
5180:
5164:
5152:
5136:
5128:
5116:
5104:
5096:
5080:
5068:
5052:
5036:
5025:P. W. Anderson
5020:
5007:
5005:
5001:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4981:
4969:
4953:
4937:
4929:
4917:
4909:
4901:
4893:
4885:
4869:
4853:
4846:Goeppert Mayer
4837:
4829:
4817:
4809:
4797:
4781:
4769:
4753:
4741:
4729:
4721:
4709:
4696:
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4662:
4654:
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4638:
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4615:
4608:
4601:
4593:
4585:
4573:
4570:C. D. Anderson
4561:
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4503:
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4452:
4444:
4436:
4428:
4420:
4412:
4404:
4396:
4388:
4381:
4369:
4361:
4353:
4345:
4337:
4329:
4317:
4309:
4301:
4293:
4285:
4277:
4261:
4249:
4240:
4238:
4234:
4233:
4222:
4221:
4214:
4207:
4199:
4193:
4192:
4177:
4168:
4153:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4108:
4098:
4089:
4067:
4059:
4058:External links
4056:
4055:
4054:
4048:
4035:
4029:
4012:
4006:
3993:
3973:
3967:
3951:
3944:69(4): 375–85
3935:
3929:
3909:
3903:
3886:
3865:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3807:
3788:
3776:
3774:, p. 318.
3764:
3762:, p. 305.
3752:
3729:
3699:
3678:(5): 793–815.
3658:
3636:
3611:
3589:
3567:
3542:
3516:
3486:
3460:
3438:
3436:, p. 147.
3426:
3413:
3406:
3378:
3351:(3): 454–462.
3331:
3319:
3289:
3254:(6): 849–872.
3231:
3196:
3159:(2): 101–150.
3140:
3091:
3056:
3002:Hamming, R. W.
2993:
2928:
2903:
2891:
2889:, p. 270.
2879:
2867:
2855:
2822:
2782:
2770:
2746:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2648:
2621:
2619:, p. 277.
2609:
2574:
2567:
2549:
2547:, p. 249.
2537:
2525:
2510:
2480:
2468:
2446:
2443:on 2013-09-27.
2404:
2392:
2390:, p. 215.
2377:
2365:
2353:
2341:
2329:
2317:
2305:
2293:
2281:
2269:
2241:
2229:
2184:
2172:
2160:
2148:
2136:
2124:
2112:
2100:
2085:
2073:
2061:
2049:
2037:
2025:
2013:
2001:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1941:Wigner surmise
1938:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1857:Wigner lattice
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1837:Wigner crystal
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1719:
1705:Andrew Szanton
1701:
1687:
1676:
1656:
1653:
1619:Andrew Szanton
1559:Franklin Medal
1543:atomic nucleus
1486:in Economics.
1376:
1373:
1331:Arthur Compton
1239:Vassar College
1186:
1183:
1144:representation
1031:Richard Becker
1011:
1008:
972:Wolfgang Pauli
968:Walther Nernst
843:
840:
744:atomic nucleus
704:Richard Becker
685:atomic nucleus
647:
646:
638:
637:
633:
632:
629:
628:
626:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
579:
577:
573:
572:
570:
569:
567:Richard Becker
564:
558:
556:
552:
551:
546:
540:
539:
528:
522:
521:
519:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
492:
490:
486:
485:
483:
482:
477:
472:
470:Atomic physics
467:
461:
459:
455:
454:
448:
447:
445:
444:
438:
432:
426:
420:
414:
408:
402:
399:Franklin Medal
396:
389:
387:
383:
382:
379:
375:
374:
362:
358:
354:
353:
352:
351:
338:
334:
331:
330:
329:
328:
315:
311:
308:
307:
306:
305:
302:
300:
296:
295:
293:
292:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
237:
232:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
207:Wigner crystal
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
161:
155:
153:
152:Known for
149:
148:
139:
135:
134:
132:
131:
128:
124:
122:
118:
117:
111:
109:(aged 92)
103:
99:
98:
85:
72:
70:
66:
65:
63:Wigner in 1963
62:
54:
53:
50:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
12210:
12199:
12196:
12194:
12191:
12189:
12186:
12184:
12181:
12179:
12176:
12174:
12171:
12169:
12166:
12164:
12161:
12159:
12156:
12154:
12151:
12149:
12146:
12144:
12141:
12139:
12136:
12134:
12131:
12129:
12126:
12124:
12121:
12119:
12116:
12114:
12111:
12109:
12106:
12104:
12101:
12099:
12096:
12094:
12091:
12089:
12086:
12084:
12081:
12079:
12076:
12074:
12071:
12069:
12066:
12064:
12061:
12059:
12056:
12054:
12051:
12049:
12046:
12044:
12041:
12039:
12036:
12034:
12031:
12029:
12026:
12024:
12021:
12019:
12016:
12014:
12011:
12009:
12006:
12004:
12001:
11999:
11996:
11994:
11991:
11989:
11986:
11984:
11981:
11980:
11978:
11968:
11958:
11956:
11946:
11944:
11939:
11934:
11932:
11922:
11920:
11910:
11909:
11906:
11890:
11887:
11882:
11879:
11874:
11871:
11866:
11863:
11858:
11855:
11850:
11847:
11842:
11839:
11834:
11831:
11826:
11823:
11818:
11815:
11810:
11809:Stanley Osher
11807:
11802:
11799:
11794:
11791:
11786:
11783:
11778:
11777:Franco Brezzi
11775:
11770:
11767:
11762:
11759:
11754:
11751:
11746:
11743:
11738:
11735:
11730:
11727:
11722:
11719:
11714:
11711:
11706:
11703:
11698:
11695:
11690:
11687:
11682:
11681:William Kahan
11679:
11674:
11671:
11666:
11663:
11658:
11655:
11650:
11647:
11642:
11641:Stephen Smale
11639:
11634:
11631:
11626:
11623:
11618:
11615:
11610:
11609:John W. Tukey
11607:
11602:
11599:
11594:
11591:
11586:
11585:David Slepian
11583:
11578:
11575:
11570:
11567:
11562:
11559:
11554:
11553:Peter Henrici
11551:
11546:
11545:Kenneth Arrow
11543:
11538:
11535:
11530:
11527:
11522:
11519:
11514:
11511:
11506:
11503:
11498:
11495:
11490:
11487:
11482:
11479:
11474:
11473:Eugene Wigner
11471:
11466:
11465:Freeman Dyson
11463:
11458:
11455:
11450:
11447:
11442:
11439:
11434:
11431:
11426:
11423:
11422:
11419:
11415:
11408:
11403:
11401:
11396:
11394:
11389:
11388:
11385:
11375:
11365:
11359:
11356:
11354:
11351:
11349:
11346:
11344:
11341:
11339:
11336:
11334:
11331:
11329:
11326:
11324:
11321:
11319:
11316:
11314:
11311:
11309:
11306:
11304:
11303:
11299:
11297:
11294:
11292:
11289:
11287:
11286:Franck Report
11284:
11282:
11279:
11277:
11274:
11272:
11269:
11267:
11264:
11262:
11259:
11257:
11254:
11252:
11249:
11247:
11244:
11243:
11241:
11237:
11231:
11228:
11226:
11223:
11221:
11218:
11216:
11213:
11212:
11210:
11206:
11200:
11199:
11195:
11193:
11192:
11188:
11186:
11185:
11181:
11179:
11176:
11174:
11171:
11169:
11166:
11164:
11161:
11159:
11156:
11154:
11151:
11149:
11148:Alsos Mission
11146:
11145:
11143:
11139:
11133:
11130:
11128:
11125:
11123:
11122:Robert Wilson
11120:
11118:
11117:Eugene Wigner
11115:
11113:
11110:
11108:
11105:
11103:
11100:
11098:
11097:Edward Teller
11095:
11093:
11090:
11088:
11085:
11083:
11080:
11078:
11075:
11073:
11072:Glenn Seaborg
11070:
11068:
11065:
11063:
11060:
11058:
11055:
11053:
11050:
11048:
11045:
11043:
11042:Mark Oliphant
11040:
11038:
11035:
11033:
11032:Willard Libby
11030:
11028:
11025:
11023:
11020:
11018:
11015:
11013:
11010:
11008:
11005:
11003:
11000:
10998:
10995:
10993:
10990:
10988:
10985:
10983:
10980:
10978:
10975:
10973:
10970:
10968:
10965:
10963:
10960:
10958:
10955:
10953:
10950:
10948:
10945:
10943:
10942:Robert Bacher
10940:
10938:
10935:
10934:
10932:
10928:
10922:
10921:Roscoe Wilson
10919:
10917:
10914:
10912:
10909:
10907:
10904:
10902:
10899:
10897:
10894:
10892:
10889:
10887:
10884:
10882:
10879:
10877:
10874:
10872:
10869:
10867:
10864:
10862:
10859:
10857:
10854:
10852:
10849:
10847:
10844:
10842:
10839:
10837:
10836:John Lansdale
10834:
10832:
10831:Leslie Groves
10829:
10827:
10824:
10822:
10819:
10817:
10814:
10812:
10809:
10807:
10806:Vannevar Bush
10804:
10803:
10801:
10797:
10791:
10788:
10786:
10783:
10781:
10778:
10776:
10773:
10771:
10768:
10766:
10763:
10761:
10758:
10756:
10753:
10751:
10748:
10746:
10743:
10741:
10738:
10735:
10731:
10728:
10726:
10723:
10721:
10718:
10717:
10715:
10711:
10707:
10702:
10698:
10691:
10686:
10684:
10679:
10677:
10672:
10671:
10668:
10655:
10654:Robert Rosner
10652:
10649:
10646:
10643:
10640:
10637:
10634:
10631:
10628:
10625:
10624:Roger Falcone
10622:
10619:
10616:
10613:
10610:
10607:
10604:
10601:
10598:
10595:
10592:
10589:
10586:
10583:
10580:
10577:
10576:Curtis Callan
10574:
10571:
10568:
10565:
10562:
10559:
10556:
10553:
10552:John Hopfield
10550:
10547:
10544:
10541:
10538:
10535:
10532:
10529:
10526:
10523:
10520:
10519:
10517:
10513:
10506:
10503:
10500:
10497:
10494:
10491:
10488:
10485:
10482:
10479:
10476:
10473:
10470:
10467:
10464:
10461:
10458:
10455:
10452:
10449:
10446:
10443:
10440:
10437:
10434:
10431:
10428:
10425:
10422:
10419:
10416:
10413:
10410:
10407:
10404:
10401:
10398:
10395:
10392:
10389:
10386:
10383:
10380:
10377:
10374:
10371:
10368:
10365:
10364:
10362:
10358:
10351:
10348:
10345:
10344:Pief Panofsky
10342:
10339:
10336:
10333:
10330:
10327:
10326:Robert Serber
10324:
10321:
10318:
10315:
10312:
10309:
10306:
10303:
10300:
10297:
10294:
10291:
10288:
10285:
10284:Robert Bacher
10282:
10279:
10276:
10273:
10270:
10267:
10264:
10261:
10258:
10255:
10252:
10249:
10246:
10243:
10240:
10237:
10234:
10231:
10228:
10225:
10222:
10219:
10216:
10213:
10210:
10207:
10204:
10203:
10201:
10197:
10190:
10187:
10184:
10181:
10178:
10175:
10172:
10169:
10166:
10165:Edward Condon
10163:
10160:
10157:
10154:
10151:
10148:
10145:
10142:
10139:
10136:
10133:
10130:
10127:
10124:
10121:
10118:
10115:
10112:
10109:
10106:
10103:
10100:
10097:
10094:
10091:
10088:
10085:
10082:
10081:Paul D. Foote
10079:
10076:
10073:
10070:
10067:
10064:
10061:
10060:
10058:
10054:
10047:
10046:Dayton Miller
10044:
10041:
10038:
10035:
10032:
10029:
10026:
10023:
10020:
10017:
10014:
10011:
10008:
10005:
10002:
9999:
9996:
9993:
9990:
9987:
9984:
9981:
9978:
9975:
9972:
9969:
9966:
9963:
9960:
9959:
9957:
9953:
9949:
9942:
9937:
9935:
9930:
9928:
9923:
9922:
9919:
9899:
9896:
9893:
9891:
9888:
9886:
9883:
9880:
9878:
9875:
9873:
9870:
9868:
9865:
9862:
9861:
9859:
9855:
9849:
9846:
9844:
9841:
9839:
9836:
9833:
9831:
9830:James E. Gunn
9828:
9826:
9823:
9820:
9818:
9815:
9813:
9810:
9807:
9805:
9802:
9799:
9797:
9794:
9792:
9789:
9786:
9784:
9781:
9778:
9776:
9773:
9771:
9768:
9765:
9763:
9762:Edward Witten
9760:
9758:
9755:
9753:
9750:
9747:
9745:
9742:
9740:
9737:
9735:
9732:
9729:
9727:
9724:
9722:
9719:
9717:
9714:
9711:
9710:
9708:
9704:
9698:
9695:
9693:
9690:
9687:
9685:
9682:
9680:
9677:
9674:
9672:
9669:
9667:
9664:
9662:
9659:
9656:
9654:
9651:
9648:
9646:
9643:
9641:
9638:
9635:
9633:
9630:
9628:
9625:
9622:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9612:
9609:
9607:
9604:
9601:
9599:
9596:
9594:
9591:
9589:
9586:
9583:
9581:
9580:Roger Revelle
9578:
9576:
9573:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9563:
9560:
9559:
9557:
9553:
9547:
9546:Henry Stommel
9544:
9542:
9539:
9537:
9536:Eugene Parker
9534:
9532:
9529:
9526:
9524:
9521:
9519:
9516:
9514:
9511:
9509:
9506:
9504:
9501:
9498:
9496:
9493:
9491:
9488:
9486:
9483:
9481:
9478:
9476:
9473:
9470:
9468:
9465:
9463:
9460:
9458:
9455:
9453:
9450:
9448:
9445:
9442:
9440:
9437:
9435:
9432:
9430:
9427:
9425:
9422:
9420:
9417:
9415:
9412:
9410:
9407:
9404:
9402:
9399:
9397:
9396:Edward Teller
9394:
9392:
9389:
9387:
9384:
9381:
9380:
9378:
9374:
9368:
9365:
9363:
9362:Lyman Spitzer
9360:
9358:
9355:
9353:
9350:
9348:
9345:
9343:
9340:
9337:
9335:
9332:
9330:
9327:
9325:
9322:
9320:
9317:
9315:
9312:
9310:
9307:
9304:
9302:
9299:
9297:
9294:
9292:
9289:
9287:
9284:
9282:
9281:Hans A. Bethe
9279:
9276:
9274:
9271:
9269:
9266:
9264:
9261:
9259:
9256:
9254:
9251:
9248:
9246:
9243:
9241:
9238:
9236:
9233:
9231:
9228:
9226:
9225:Maurice Ewing
9223:
9221:
9220:Carl Djerassi
9218:
9215:
9213:
9212:Saul Winstein
9210:
9208:
9205:
9203:
9200:
9198:
9195:
9193:
9190:
9187:
9186:
9184:
9180:
9174:
9171:
9169:
9166:
9163:
9161:
9160:Eugene Wigner
9158:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9148:
9146:
9145:Paul Bartlett
9143:
9140:
9138:
9135:
9133:
9132:Louis Hammett
9130:
9128:
9127:Gregory Breit
9125:
9123:
9122:Francis Birch
9120:
9118:
9115:
9112:
9110:
9107:
9105:
9102:
9100:
9097:
9095:
9092:
9090:
9087:
9084:
9082:
9081:William Rubey
9079:
9077:
9074:
9072:
9069:
9067:
9064:
9061:
9059:
9056:
9054:
9051:
9049:
9046:
9043:
9041:
9038:
9035:
9034:
9032:
9028:
9024:
9017:
9013:
8999:
8998:Michael Artin
8996:
8993:
8991:
8988:
8986:
8983:
8980:
8978:
8975:
8973:
8970:
8967:
8965:
8962:
8960:
8957:
8954:
8953:
8951:
8947:
8941:
8938:
8935:
8933:
8930:
8928:
8925:
8922:
8920:
8917:
8914:
8912:
8911:Bradley Efron
8909:
8906:
8904:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8893:
8890:
8888:
8885:
8882:
8880:
8877:
8875:
8872:
8869:
8867:
8864:
8862:
8859:
8856:
8855:
8853:
8849:
8843:
8840:
8838:
8837:Felix Browder
8835:
8832:
8830:
8827:
8824:
8822:
8819:
8816:
8814:
8813:Stephen Smale
8811:
8809:
8806:
8803:
8801:
8798:
8795:
8793:
8790:
8787:
8785:
8782:
8779:
8777:
8774:
8771:
8769:
8766:
8763:
8761:
8760:John McCarthy
8758:
8756:
8753:
8751:
8748:
8745:
8744:
8742:
8738:
8732:
8729:
8727:
8724:
8722:
8721:Samuel Karlin
8719:
8716:
8714:
8711:
8709:
8706:
8703:
8701:
8698:
8696:
8693:
8690:
8688:
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8680:
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8675:
8672:
8670:
8667:
8664:
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8640:
8638:
8635:
8632:
8630:
8627:
8625:
8622:
8619:
8617:
8614:
8612:
8609:
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8601:
8599:
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8591:
8588:
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8580:
8577:
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8574:
8570:
8564:
8561:
8558:
8556:
8553:
8550:
8548:
8545:
8542:
8540:
8537:
8534:
8532:
8531:Oscar Zariski
8529:
8526:
8524:
8521:
8519:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8505:
8504:
8502:
8498:
8494:
8487:
8483:
8469:
8466:
8463:
8461:
8458:
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8450:
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8440:
8434:
8431:
8428:
8426:
8423:
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8418:
8415:
8412:
8410:
8407:
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8399:
8396:
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8380:
8378:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8364:
8362:
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8356:
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8353:
8349:
8343:
8340:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8329:
8327:
8324:
8322:
8319:
8316:
8314:
8311:
8308:
8306:
8305:Ray W. Clough
8303:
8300:
8298:
8297:Alfred Y. Cho
8295:
8292:
8290:
8287:
8285:
8282:
8279:
8277:
8274:
8272:
8269:
8267:
8264:
8261:
8259:
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8235:
8232:
8230:
8227:
8224:
8222:
8219:
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8214:
8212:
8209:
8206:
8204:
8201:
8199:
8196:
8194:
8191:
8188:
8186:
8183:
8181:
8178:
8176:
8173:
8170:
8168:
8167:John G. Trump
8165:
8163:
8160:
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8155:
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8150:
8147:
8145:
8142:
8139:
8138:
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8126:
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8098:
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8080:
8077:
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8072:
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8067:
8065:
8062:
8059:
8057:
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8036:
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8031:
8028:
8026:
8023:
8020:
8019:
8017:
8013:
8007:
8004:
8001:
7999:
7996:
7994:
7991:
7988:
7986:
7983:
7981:
7980:Edwin H. Land
7978:
7975:
7973:
7970:
7967:
7965:
7962:
7960:
7957:
7955:
7952:
7949:
7947:
7944:
7942:
7939:
7936:
7934:
7931:
7929:
7928:Vannevar Bush
7926:
7923:
7921:
7918:
7915:
7914:
7912:
7908:
7904:
7897:
7893:
7879:
7876:
7873:
7871:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7852:
7850:
7847:
7845:
7844:Allen J. Bard
7842:
7839:
7837:
7834:
7832:
7829:
7826:
7825:
7823:
7819:
7813:
7810:
7808:
7805:
7802:
7800:
7799:JoAnne Stubbe
7797:
7795:
7794:Joanna Fowler
7792:
7789:
7787:
7784:
7781:
7779:
7776:
7774:
7771:
7768:
7766:
7763:
7760:
7758:
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7752:
7750:
7747:
7744:
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7739:
7737:
7734:
7731:
7729:
7726:
7724:
7721:
7718:
7717:
7715:
7711:
7705:
7704:Susan Solomon
7702:
7700:
7697:
7695:
7692:
7689:
7687:
7684:
7682:
7679:
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7674:
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7669:
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7650:
7648:
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7642:
7640:
7637:
7634:
7632:
7629:
7627:
7624:
7621:
7619:
7616:
7613:
7611:
7608:
7606:
7603:
7601:
7598:
7596:
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7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7572:
7571:
7569:
7565:
7559:
7556:
7554:
7551:
7549:
7548:Melvin Calvin
7546:
7544:
7541:
7538:
7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7489:Yuan Tseh Lee
7487:
7485:
7484:Harry B. Gray
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7467:
7464:
7461:
7459:
7458:Gilbert Stork
7456:
7454:
7451:
7448:
7447:
7445:
7441:
7435:
7432:
7429:
7428:
7426:
7422:
7418:
7411:
7407:
7393:
7390:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7377:
7375:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7366:Bruce Alberts
7364:
7362:
7361:May Berenbaum
7359:
7356:
7354:
7351:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7325:
7324:
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7318:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7270:
7268:
7267:Lubert Stryer
7265:
7263:
7262:Nina Fedoroff
7260:
7258:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7244:Anthony Fauci
7242:
7239:
7237:
7234:
7232:
7229:
7227:
7224:
7221:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7187:Harold Varmus
7185:
7183:
7180:
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7163:
7160:
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7152:
7150:
7147:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7137:
7134:
7133:
7131:
7127:
7121:
7120:Lynn Margulis
7118:
7116:
7115:Jared Diamond
7113:
7111:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7092:
7090:
7087:
7085:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7063:
7061:
7058:
7056:
7055:Thomas Eisner
7053:
7050:
7048:
7045:
7043:
7040:
7037:
7035:
7032:
7030:
7029:Maxine Singer
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7011:Paul A. Marks
7009:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6992:
6989:
6987:
6984:
6981:
6979:
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6907:
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6902:
6899:
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6889:
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6884:
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6879:
6877:
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6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6836:
6833:
6831:
6828:
6826:
6823:
6821:
6820:Stanley Cohen
6818:
6815:
6813:
6810:
6808:
6805:
6803:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6766:
6765:
6763:
6759:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6709:Efraim Racker
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6663:James V. Neel
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6622:
6621:
6619:
6615:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6598:
6596:
6593:
6591:
6588:
6586:
6583:
6581:
6578:
6576:
6575:Horace Barker
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6544:Sewall Wright
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6485:
6484:
6482:
6478:
6474:
6467:
6463:
6449:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6435:
6433:
6432:Anne Treisman
6430:
6427:
6426:
6424:
6420:
6414:
6411:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6389:Kenneth Arrow
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6368:
6367:
6365:
6361:
6355:
6352:
6349:
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6333:
6331:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6280:
6279:
6277:
6273:
6267:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6253:Anne Anastasi
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6240:
6239:
6237:
6233:
6227:
6224:
6221:
6220:
6218:
6214:
6210:
6203:
6199:
6195:
6192:
6185:
6180:
6178:
6173:
6171:
6166:
6165:
6162:
6149:
6146:
6145:
6143:
6141:
6137:
6130:
6127:
6124:
6123:Békésy György
6121:
6118:
6115:
6112:
6111:Bárány Róbert
6109:
6108:
6106:
6104:
6100:
6093:
6092:Krausz Ferenc
6090:
6087:
6084:
6081:
6078:
6075:
6072:
6071:
6069:
6067:
6063:
6056:
6053:
6052:
6050:
6048:
6044:
6037:
6036:Herskó Ferenc
6034:
6031:
6028:
6025:
6024:Polányi János
6022:
6019:
6018:Hevesy György
6016:
6013:
6010:
6009:
6007:
6005:
6001:
5990:
5986:
5979:
5974:
5972:
5967:
5965:
5960:
5959:
5956:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5888:
5884:
5883:
5880:
5873:
5872:Andrew Huxley
5870:
5867:
5864:
5861:
5858:
5857:
5855:
5853:
5849:
5842:
5839:
5836:
5833:
5830:
5829:Eugene Wigner
5827:
5826:
5824:
5822:
5818:
5812:(Switzerland)
5811:
5808:
5806:(Switzerland)
5805:
5802:
5801:
5799:
5797:
5793:
5786:
5783:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5773:
5769:
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5711:
5708:
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5611:
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5511:
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5467:
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5439:
5434:
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5427:
5423:
5418:
5415:
5411:
5407:
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5399:
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5379:
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5351:
5345:
5338:
5334:
5330:
5325:
5322:
5318:
5313:
5310:
5306:
5302:
5297:
5294:
5290:
5286:
5281:
5278:
5277:R. Richardson
5274:
5270:
5265:
5262:
5258:
5253:
5250:
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5241:
5238:
5234:
5229:
5226:
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5210:
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5150:
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5142:
5137:
5134:
5129:
5126:
5122:
5117:
5114:
5110:
5109:Chandrasekhar
5105:
5102:
5097:
5094:
5090:
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5081:
5078:
5074:
5069:
5066:
5062:
5058:
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5037:
5034:
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5026:
5021:
5018:
5014:
5009:
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5006:
5002:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4982:
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4975:
4970:
4967:
4963:
4959:
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4951:
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4910:
4907:
4902:
4899:
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4879:
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4870:
4867:
4863:
4859:
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4851:
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4835:
4830:
4827:
4823:
4818:
4815:
4810:
4807:
4803:
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4791:
4787:
4782:
4779:
4775:
4770:
4767:
4763:
4759:
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4751:
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4742:
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4727:
4722:
4719:
4715:
4710:
4707:
4703:
4698:
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4684:
4679:
4676:
4671:
4668:
4663:
4660:
4655:
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4644:
4639:
4636:
4631:
4628:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4602:
4599:
4594:
4591:
4586:
4583:
4582:G. P. Thomson
4579:
4574:
4571:
4567:
4562:
4559:
4554:
4547:
4544:
4540:
4535:
4532:
4527:
4520:
4517:
4512:
4509:
4504:
4501:
4500:O. Richardson
4496:
4493:
4489:
4484:
4481:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4469:
4462:
4458:
4453:
4450:
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4418:
4413:
4410:
4405:
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4397:
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4389:
4382:
4379:
4375:
4370:
4367:
4362:
4359:
4354:
4351:
4346:
4343:
4338:
4335:
4334:Van der Waals
4330:
4327:
4323:
4318:
4315:
4310:
4307:
4302:
4299:
4298:J. J. Thomson
4294:
4291:
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4227:
4220:
4215:
4213:
4208:
4206:
4201:
4200:
4197:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4180:Eugene Wigner
4178:
4176:
4172:
4169:
4167:bomb project.
4165:
4161:
4157:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
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4124:
4122:
4119:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4106:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4093:
4092:Eugene Wigner
4090:
4087:
4083:
4082:
4077:
4073:
4068:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4051:
4045:
4041:
4036:
4032:
4026:
4022:
4018:
4013:
4009:
4003:
3999:
3994:
3990:
3986:
3982:
3978:
3977:Wigner, E. P.
3974:
3970:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3936:
3932:
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3906:
3900:
3895:
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3887:
3876:
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3868:
3862:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3845:
3844:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3811:
3805:
3804:the original.
3801:
3798:
3792:
3786:, p. 14.
3785:
3780:
3773:
3768:
3761:
3756:
3740:
3733:
3717:
3710:
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3695:
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3681:
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3615:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3593:
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3577:
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3556:
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3546:
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3526:
3520:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3490:
3474:
3470:
3464:
3448:
3442:
3435:
3430:
3423:
3417:
3409:
3407:9781400842742
3403:
3399:
3395:
3391:
3390:
3382:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3335:
3322:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3293:
3279:on 2005-03-11
3275:
3271:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3242:
3235:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3200:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3144:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3095:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3060:
3046:on 2007-02-03
3045:
3041:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2997:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2940:Wigner, E. P.
2935:
2933:
2917:
2913:
2907:
2900:
2895:
2888:
2883:
2877:, p. 49.
2876:
2871:
2864:
2859:
2852:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2826:
2810:
2806:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2787:
2780:, p. 31.
2779:
2774:
2760:
2756:
2750:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2721:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2670:
2666:
2659:
2652:
2636:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2613:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2578:
2570:
2564:
2560:
2553:
2546:
2541:
2534:
2529:
2522:
2517:
2515:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2477:
2472:
2456:
2450:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2417:Physics Today
2414:
2408:
2401:
2396:
2389:
2384:
2382:
2374:
2369:
2362:
2357:
2350:
2345:
2338:
2333:
2326:
2321:
2314:
2309:
2302:
2297:
2290:
2285:
2278:
2273:
2266:(7): 769–771.
2265:
2261:
2260:
2252:
2245:
2238:
2233:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2198:(in German).
2197:
2196:
2188:
2181:
2176:
2169:
2164:
2157:
2152:
2145:
2140:
2133:
2128:
2121:
2116:
2110:, p. 59.
2109:
2104:
2098:, p. 38.
2097:
2092:
2090:
2082:
2077:
2070:
2065:
2058:
2053:
2046:
2041:
2034:
2029:
2022:
2017:
2010:
2005:
1989:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1974:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:Wigner–İnönü
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1852:Wigner energy
1850:
1848:
1847:Wigner effect
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1748:
1740:
1739:3-540-63372-3
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1723:Jagdish Mehra
1720:
1718:
1717:0-306-44326-0
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1700:
1699:0-262-73021-9
1696:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1675:
1674:0-226-88517-8
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1658:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1577:in 1969, the
1576:
1573:in 1961, the
1572:
1569:in 1959, the
1568:
1564:
1561:in 1950, the
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1455:
1453:
1448:
1446:
1445:civil defense
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1410:Major General
1407:
1403:
1402:critical mass
1399:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1372:
1370:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1353:Wigner effect
1348:
1343:
1341:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1316:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1291:'s abandoned
1290:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1278:gone critical
1275:
1274:Edward Creutz
1271:
1267:
1266:Katharine Way
1263:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1171:Gregory Breit
1167:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1128:Hilbert space
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1097:
1093:
1092:Jucys diagram
1089:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1072:. Wigner and
1071:
1067:
1066:David Hilbert
1063:
1059:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1007:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
935:
930:
926:
921:
919:
915:
911:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
883:
881:
877:
873:
868:
864:
860:
852:
848:
839:
837:
836:
831:
827:
823:
819:
814:
812:
808:
804:
800:
799:gone critical
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
755:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
718:. Wigner and
717:
713:
712:David Hilbert
709:
705:
701:
697:
692:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
669:
661:
657:
653:
644:
639:
634:
630:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
598:Abner Shimony
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
580:
578:
574:
568:
565:
563:
560:
559:
557:
553:
550:
547:
545:
541:
534:
533:
529:
527:
523:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
493:
491:
487:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
462:
460:
456:
453:
449:
442:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
409:
406:
403:
400:
397:
394:
391:
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
350:
349:
327:
326:
304:
303:
301:
297:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
218:
217:Wigner energy
215:
213:
212:Wigner effect
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
162:
160:
157:
156:
154:
150:
147:
143:
140:
136:
129:
126:
125:
123:
119:
114:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
71:
67:
60:
55:
51:Eugene Wigner
48:
45:
41:
37:
33:
32:personal name
19:
11873:Chi-Wang Shu
11833:Donald Knuth
11801:John M. Ball
11761:Nancy Kopell
11713:David Donoho
11673:Carl de Boor
11649:Andrew Majda
11601:Jürgen Moser
11521:Jule Charney
11472:
11425:Lars Ahlfors
11358:Y-12 Project
11343:Smyth Report
11338:S-50 Project
11300:
11296:K-25 Project
11225:Pumpkin bomb
11196:
11189:
11182:
11116:
11112:John Wheeler
11082:Louis Slotin
11077:Emilio Segrè
11027:George Koval
11007:James Franck
10992:Enrico Fermi
10937:Luis Alvarez
10896:Paul Tibbets
10871:Deak Parsons
10618:Laura Greene
10582:Barry Barish
10558:Leo Kadanoff
10427:Sidney Drell
10308:John Bardeen
10235:
10218:Enrico Fermi
9872:Sandra Faber
9867:Sidney Drell
9697:Leo Kadanoff
9692:James Cronin
9640:Hans Dehmelt
9575:Robert Pound
9541:Robert Sharp
9357:John Sinfelt
9324:Verner Suomi
9291:Lewis Sarett
9159:
9155:Lars Onsager
9099:Henry Eyring
9066:John Bardeen
8808:Richard Karp
8776:Allen Newell
8555:Jerzy Neyman
8180:Tung-Yen Lin
8157:Bill Hewlett
8087:Morris Cohen
7681:John W. Cahn
7582:Karl Folkers
7343:Lucy Shapiro
7293:Elaine Fuchs
7172:Ann Graybiel
7102:Janet Rowley
7084:James Watson
7076:Ruth Patrick
6919:Philip Leder
6789:Mildred Cohn
6737:Severo Ochoa
6714:E. O. Wilson
6079:
6074:Lénárd Fülöp
6055:Kertész Imre
5917:
5828:
5761:Giulio Natta
5755:Karl Ziegler
5133:von Klitzing
5125:Van der Meer
4841:
4189:
4147:
4079:
4039:
4020:
3997:
3980:
3976:
3958:
3918:
3892:
3878:. Retrieved
3852:
3826:. Retrieved
3820:
3810:
3799:
3791:
3779:
3772:Szanton 1992
3767:
3760:Szanton 1992
3755:
3743:. Retrieved
3732:
3720:. Retrieved
3715:
3702:
3675:
3671:
3661:
3649:. Retrieved
3639:
3627:. Retrieved
3614:
3592:
3570:
3558:. Retrieved
3545:
3533:. Retrieved
3529:the original
3519:
3507:. Retrieved
3503:the original
3489:
3477:. Retrieved
3463:
3451:. Retrieved
3441:
3434:Szanton 1992
3429:
3421:
3416:
3388:
3381:
3348:
3344:
3334:
3324:, retrieved
3302:
3292:
3281:. Retrieved
3274:the original
3251:
3247:
3234:
3209:
3205:
3199:
3156:
3152:
3149:Tegmark, Max
3143:
3118:
3114:
3094:
3072:(2): 28–37.
3069:
3065:
3059:
3048:. Retrieved
3044:the original
3016:(2): 81–90.
3013:
3009:
2996:
2986:December 24,
2984:. Retrieved
2980:the original
2951:
2947:
2939:
2920:. Retrieved
2915:
2906:
2899:Szanton 1992
2894:
2887:Szanton 1992
2882:
2870:
2858:
2850:
2843:. Retrieved
2839:the original
2834:
2825:
2813:. Retrieved
2809:the original
2773:
2762:. Retrieved
2758:
2749:
2738:. Retrieved
2729:
2720:
2696:(1): 29–41.
2693:
2689:
2676:. Retrieved
2669:the original
2664:
2656:Leal, L. C.
2651:
2639:. Retrieved
2635:the original
2624:
2612:
2587:
2583:
2577:
2558:
2552:
2545:Szanton 1992
2540:
2535:, p. 8.
2528:
2521:Szanton 1992
2501:. Retrieved
2497:the original
2483:
2476:Szanton 1992
2471:
2459:. Retrieved
2449:
2441:the original
2420:
2416:
2407:
2400:Szanton 1992
2395:
2388:Szanton 1992
2373:Szanton 1992
2368:
2361:Szanton 1992
2356:
2349:Szanton 1992
2344:
2337:Szanton 1992
2332:
2325:Szanton 1992
2320:
2313:Szanton 1992
2308:
2301:Szanton 1992
2296:
2284:
2272:
2263:
2257:
2244:
2237:Szanton 1992
2232:
2199:
2193:
2187:
2180:Szanton 1992
2175:
2168:Szanton 1992
2163:
2156:Szanton 1992
2151:
2144:Szanton 1992
2139:
2132:Szanton 1992
2127:
2120:Szanton 1992
2115:
2108:Szanton 1992
2103:
2096:Szanton 1992
2081:Szanton 1992
2076:
2069:Szanton 1992
2064:
2057:Szanton 1992
2052:
2045:Szanton 1992
2040:
2033:Szanton 1992
2028:
2021:Szanton 1992
2016:
2009:Szanton 1992
2004:
1992:. Retrieved
1730:
1708:
1690:
1683:
1679:
1665:
1655:Publications
1638:
1623:
1614:
1611:
1599:
1587:Wigner Medal
1563:Enrico Fermi
1536:
1524:
1518:
1508:
1500:
1488:
1478:in Physics,
1472:Peter Norvig
1456:
1449:
1425:
1417:Louis Slotin
1378:
1366:
1361:Hanford Site
1350:
1345:
1320:
1255:
1236:
1227:atomic bombs
1204:
1168:
1152:
1124:CPT symmetry
1101:
1081:
1077:
1074:Hermann Weyl
1055:
1043:group theory
1013:
1010:Middle years
1003:
956:Max von Laue
932:
928:
922:
884:
876:tuberculosis
856:
833:
815:
756:
724:group theory
720:Hermann Weyl
693:
651:
650:
583:John Bardeen
530:
489:Institutions
451:
441:Wigner Medal
309:Amelia Frank
107:(1995-01-01)
44:
35:
11988:1995 deaths
11983:1902 births
11889:Yousef Saad
11881:Leah Keshet
11721:Eric Lander
11173:Silverplate
11127:Leona Woods
11092:Leo Szilard
11067:Bruno Rossi
11012:Klaus Fuchs
10916:Ed Westcott
10906:Harold Urey
10630:David Gross
10606:Sam Aronson
10540:Helen Quinn
10373:George Pake
10290:Felix Bloch
10248:Jesse Beams
10123:John Zeleny
9825:Berni Alder
9632:Frank Press
9513:Walter Kohn
9490:George Pake
9424:Walter Munk
9347:Herman Mark
9329:Henry Taube
9117:Jesse Beams
9071:Peter Debye
9053:Harold Urey
8977:Barry Mazur
8539:John Milnor
8433:Amnon Yariv
8377:Leo Beranek
8203:Ernst Weber
8056:Abel Wolman
7647:Thomas Cech
7577:Elkan Blout
7517:Max Tishler
7434:Roger Adams
7392:Simon Levin
6858:Harry Eagle
6681:Paul Gyorgy
6373:Gary Becker
6086:Gábor Dénes
6080:Wigner Jenő
6030:Oláh György
5874:(Australia)
5860:John Eccles
5738:Nobel Prize
5177:Steinberger
5093:K. Siegbahn
5085:Bloembergen
4806:Chamberlain
4539:Schrödinger
4449:M. Siegbahn
4378:W. H. Bragg
4374:W. L. Bragg
3212:(3): 7–17.
3121:(2): 8–12.
3031:10945/55827
2954:(1): 1–14.
2835:ORNL Review
2798:Vogt, Erich
2617:Rhodes 1995
2289:Wigner 1959
2277:Wigner 1931
1879:Mathematics
1721:1995 (with
1660:1958 (with
1591:Herzl Prize
1476:Max Tegmark
1468:Arthur Lesk
1406:uranium-235
1375:Later years
1293:Stagg Field
1207:Leó Szilárd
996:László Rátz
980:Leó Szilárd
918:Lutheranism
903:László Rátz
887:Bar Mitzvah
789:to convert
759:Leo Szilard
746:. In 1930,
562:László Rátz
121:Citizenship
11977:Categories
11441:Jean Leray
11276:Demon core
11220:Little Boy
11141:Operations
10957:Niels Bohr
10947:Hans Bethe
10930:Scientists
10876:Boris Pash
10755:Los Alamos
10612:Homer Neal
10069:Henry Gale
9992:Henry Crew
9980:Carl Barus
9619:Vera Rubin
9258:Paul Flory
8919:Hyman Bass
8792:John Cocke
8695:Raoul Bott
8598:Kurt Gödel
8590:John Tukey
8547:Paul Cohen
8162:George Low
8125:Simon Ramo
7348:Leroy Hood
7149:Carl Woese
7097:Bruce Ames
6608:Ernst Mayr
6047:Literature
5772:Literature
5694:L'Huillier
5658:Hasselmann
5614:Strickland
5582:Kosterlitz
5506:Perlmutter
5245:Brockhouse
4950:Schrieffer
4822:Hofstadter
4774:C. N. Yang
4531:Heisenberg
4508:De Broglie
3989:B000K1MPEI
3961:. Plenum.
3938:N. Mukunda
3841:References
3326:2021-12-01
3283:2017-10-24
3104:Norvig, P.
3100:Halevy, A.
3050:2015-08-28
2922:2023-04-03
2764:2023-04-03
2740:2023-04-03
2678:August 12,
2503:August 10,
2461:August 10,
1925:9-j symbol
1920:6-j symbol
1711:. Plenum.
1605:'s annual
1531:Woods Hole
1270:Gale Young
1164:Paul Dirac
1120:symmetries
1104:symmetries
1096:6-j symbol
952:Max Planck
880:sanatorium
872:Paul Dirac
664:pronounced
290:9-j symbol
285:6-j symbol
79:1902-11-17
11919:Biography
11537:René Thom
11489:Peter Lax
11318:Plutonium
11184:Enola Gay
11002:Val Fitch
10952:Aage Bohr
10901:Bud Uanna
10770:Oak Ridge
10360:1976–2000
10236:E. Wigner
10199:1951–1975
10056:1926–1950
9955:1899–1925
9614:Val Fitch
8682:Peter Lax
8452:Shu Chien
7699:John Ross
7414:Chemistry
6802:Paul Berg
6194:laureates
6004:Chemistry
5985:Hungarian
5843:(Germany)
5757:(Germany)
5747:Chemistry
5740:laureates
5678:Zeilinger
5498:Novoselov
5466:Kobayashi
5390:Abrikosov
5237:J. Taylor
5217:de Gennes
5209:R. Taylor
5101:K. Wilson
5049:R. Wilson
5033:Van Vleck
5004:1976–2000
4994:Rainwater
4990:Mottelson
4966:Josephson
4914:Gell-Mann
4878:Schwinger
4866:Prokhorov
4826:Mössbauer
4786:Cherenkov
4778:T. D. Lee
4702:Cockcroft
4693:1951–1975
4492:C. Wilson
4471:1926–1950
4417:Guillaume
4306:Michelson
4266:Becquerel
4237:1901–1925
4226:Laureates
4148:Hungarian
3373:0034-6861
3256:CiteSeerX
3226:123174309
3166:0704.0646
3086:120102813
2845:20 August
2815:20 August
2224:124334051
1729:, eds.).
1641:pneumonia
1597:lecture.
1454:in 1950.
986:(now the
929:Műegyetem
656:Hungarian
636:Signature
11433:Mark Kac
11374:Category
11230:Thin Man
11191:Bockscar
10785:Wendover
10765:New York
10760:Montreal
10750:Inyokern
10725:Berkeley
10706:Timeline
10224:H. Bethe
9593:Ed Stone
6590:Jay Lush
5787:(Greece)
5686:Agostini
5574:Thouless
5566:McDonald
5554:Nakamura
5522:Wineland
5454:Grünberg
5410:Politzer
5394:Ginzburg
5382:Giacconi
5362:Ketterle
5317:'t Hooft
5301:Laughlin
5293:Phillips
5273:Osheroff
5201:Friedman
5173:Schwartz
5169:Lederman
5089:Schawlow
5065:Weinberg
4874:Tomonaga
4766:Brattain
4758:Shockley
4667:Blackett
4659:Appleton
4651:Bridgman
4598:Lawrence
4578:Davisson
4558:Chadwick
4441:Millikan
4425:Einstein
4314:Lippmann
4282:Rayleigh
4274:M. Curie
4270:P. Curie
4019:(1992).
3979:(1931).
3957:(1992).
3915:(1995).
3606:Archived
3584:Archived
3135:14300215
3004:(1980).
2942:(1960).
2734:Archived
1947:See also
1545:and the
1522:Wigner.
1282:graphite
1002:thesis,
907:Béla Kun
859:Budapest
687:and the
378:Children
87:Budapest
11943:Physics
11931:Hungary
11905:Portals
11348:Uranium
11215:Fat Man
11208:Weapons
10780:Trinity
10745:Hanford
10730:Chicago
6066:Physics
5821:Physics
5763:(Italy)
5674:Clauser
5638:Penrose
5622:Peebles
5578:Haldane
5546:Akasaki
5534:Englert
5526:Haroche
5510:Schmidt
5470:Maskawa
5422:Glauber
5414:Wilczek
5398:Leggett
5378:Koshiba
5358:Cornell
5349:present
5333:Kroemer
5329:Alferov
5321:Veltman
5305:Störmer
5225:Charpak
5205:Kendall
5189:Dehmelt
5157:Bednorz
5057:Glashow
5045:Penzias
5041:Kapitsa
5013:Richter
4986:A. Bohr
4962:Giaever
4942:Bardeen
4906:Alvarez
4890:Kastler
4882:Feynman
4762:Bardeen
4726:Zernike
4718:Purcell
4488:Compton
4433:N. Bohr
4322:Marconi
4254:Lorentz
4246:Röntgen
4228:of the
4173:at the
4158:at the
4113:at the
4103:at the
4094:at the
3949:1347799
3880:7 March
3875:3717478
3828:May 19,
3694:1566474
3651:May 15,
3629:May 19,
3560:May 19,
3535:May 19,
3509:May 19,
3479:May 19,
3453:May 19,
3424:, p. 6.
3353:Bibcode
3191:9890455
3171:Bibcode
3040:2321982
2976:6112252
2956:Bibcode
2698:Bibcode
2641:May 16,
2592:Bibcode
2425:Bibcode
2204:Bibcode
1994:May 19,
1643:at the
1419:at the
1312:Chianti
1018:at the
914:Hungary
895:Judaism
791:uranium
714:at the
706:at the
371:
363:
359:
347:
339:
335:
324:
316:
312:
299:Spouses
11892:(2023)
11884:(2022)
11876:(2021)
11868:(2020)
11860:(2019)
11852:(2018)
11844:(2017)
11836:(2016)
11828:(2015)
11820:(2014)
11812:(2013)
11804:(2012)
11796:(2011)
11788:(2010)
11780:(2009)
11772:(2008)
11764:(2007)
11756:(2006)
11748:(2005)
11740:(2004)
11732:(2003)
11724:(2002)
11716:(2001)
11708:(2000)
11700:(1999)
11692:(1998)
11684:(1997)
11676:(1996)
11668:(1994)
11660:(1992)
11652:(1990)
11644:(1989)
11636:(1988)
11628:(1987)
11620:(1986)
11612:(1985)
11604:(1984)
11596:(1983)
11588:(1982)
11580:(1981)
11572:(1980)
11564:(1979)
11556:(1978)
11548:(1977)
11540:(1976)
11532:(1975)
11524:(1974)
11516:(1971)
11508:(1970)
11500:(1969)
11492:(1968)
11484:(1967)
11476:(1966)
11468:(1965)
11460:(1964)
11452:(1963)
11444:(1962)
11436:(1961)
11428:(1960)
10740:Dayton
10734:Site A
10656:(2023)
10650:(2022)
10644:(2021)
10638:(2020)
10632:(2019)
10626:(2018)
10620:(2017)
10614:(2016)
10608:(2015)
10602:(2014)
10596:(2013)
10590:(2012)
10584:(2011)
10578:(2010)
10572:(2009)
10566:(2008)
10560:(2007)
10554:(2006)
10548:(2005)
10542:(2004)
10536:(2003)
10530:(2002)
10524:(2001)
10507:(2000)
10501:(1999)
10495:(1998)
10489:(1997)
10483:(1996)
10477:(1995)
10471:(1994)
10465:(1993)
10459:(1992)
10453:(1991)
10447:(1990)
10441:(1989)
10435:(1987)
10429:(1986)
10423:(1985)
10417:(1984)
10411:(1983)
10405:(1982)
10399:(1981)
10393:(1980)
10387:(1979)
10381:(1978)
10375:(1977)
10369:(1976)
10352:(1975)
10346:(1974)
10340:(1973)
10334:(1972)
10328:(1971)
10322:(1970)
10316:(1969)
10310:(1968)
10304:(1967)
10298:(1966)
10292:(1965)
10286:(1964)
10280:(1963)
10274:(1962)
10268:(1961)
10262:(1960)
10256:(1959)
10250:(1958)
10244:(1957)
10238:(1956)
10232:(1955)
10226:(1954)
10220:(1953)
10214:(1952)
10208:(1951)
10191:(1950)
10185:(1949)
10179:(1948)
10173:(1947)
10167:(1946)
10161:(1945)
10155:(1944)
10149:(1943)
10143:(1942)
10137:(1941)
10131:(1941)
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10107:(1937)
10101:(1936)
10095:(1935)
10089:(1934)
10083:(1933)
10077:(1931)
10071:(1929)
10065:(1927)
10048:(1925)
10042:(1923)
10036:(1921)
10030:(1919)
10024:(1918)
10018:(1916)
10012:(1914)
10006:(1913)
10000:(1911)
9994:(1909)
9988:(1907)
9982:(1905)
9976:(1903)
9970:(1901)
9964:(1899)
6150:(1994)
6131:(2023)
6125:(1961)
6119:(1937)
6113:(1914)
6094:(2023)
6088:(1971)
6082:(1963)
6076:(1905)
6057:(2002)
6038:(2004)
6032:(1994)
6026:(1986)
6020:(1943)
6014:(1925)
5690:Krausz
5684:2023:
5670:Aspect
5668:2022:
5662:Manabe
5654:Parisi
5652:2021:
5642:Genzel
5636:2020:
5630:Queloz
5620:2019:
5610:Mourou
5606:Ashkin
5604:2018:
5598:Thorne
5594:Barish
5588:2017:
5572:2016:
5562:Kajita
5560:2015:
5544:2014:
5532:2013:
5520:2012:
5504:2011:
5492:2010:
5476:2009:
5460:2008:
5448:2007:
5438:Mather
5436:2006:
5430:Hänsch
5420:2005:
5404:2004:
5388:2003:
5372:2002:
5366:Wieman
5356:2001:
5327:2000:
5315:1999:
5299:1998:
5283:1997:
5269:D. Lee
5267:1996:
5261:Reines
5255:1995:
5243:1994:
5231:1993:
5223:1992:
5215:1991:
5199:1990:
5185:Ramsey
5183:1989:
5167:1988:
5161:Müller
5155:1987:
5149:Rohrer
5145:Binnig
5139:1986:
5131:1985:
5121:Rubbia
5119:1984:
5113:Fowler
5107:1983:
5099:1982:
5083:1981:
5073:Cronin
5071:1980:
5055:1979:
5039:1978:
5023:1977:
5011:1976:
4984:1975:
4978:Hewish
4972:1974:
4956:1973:
4946:Cooper
4940:1972:
4932:1971:
4922:Alfvén
4920:1970:
4912:1969:
4904:1968:
4896:1967:
4888:1966:
4872:1965:
4858:Townes
4856:1964:
4850:Jensen
4842:Wigner
4840:1963:
4834:Landau
4832:1962:
4820:1961:
4814:Glaser
4812:1960:
4800:1959:
4784:1958:
4772:1957:
4756:1956:
4744:1955:
4732:1954:
4724:1953:
4712:1952:
4706:Walton
4700:1951:
4683:Powell
4681:1950:
4675:Yukawa
4673:1949:
4665:1948:
4657:1947:
4649:1946:
4641:1945:
4633:1944:
4625:1943:
4596:1939:
4588:1938:
4576:1937:
4564:1936:
4556:1935:
4537:1933:
4529:1932:
4514:1930:
4506:1929:
4498:1928:
4486:1927:
4480:Perrin
4478:1926:
4457:Franck
4455:1925:
4447:1924:
4439:1923:
4431:1922:
4423:1921:
4415:1920:
4407:1919:
4401:Planck
4399:1918:
4393:Barkla
4391:1917:
4372:1915:
4364:1914:
4356:1913:
4348:1912:
4340:1911:
4332:1910:
4320:1909:
4312:1908:
4304:1907:
4296:1906:
4290:Lenard
4288:1905:
4280:1904:
4264:1903:
4258:Zeeman
4252:1902:
4244:1901:
4046:
4027:
4004:
3987:
3965:
3927:
3901:
3873:
3863:
3692:
3404:
3371:
3317:
3258:
3224:
3189:
3133:
3084:
3038:
2974:
2565:
2222:
1737:
1715:
1697:
1678:1959.
1672:
1323:DuPont
1315:fiasco
1132:states
974:, and
936:Berlin
867:Jewish
803:DuPont
537:(1925)
535:
526:Thesis
458:Fields
443:(1978)
437:(1972)
431:(1969)
425:(1963)
419:(1961)
413:(1959)
407:(1958)
401:(1950)
395:(1946)
386:Awards
167:parity
115:, U.S.
18:Wigner
10713:Sites
10515:2001–
9857:2010s
9706:2000s
9555:1990s
9376:1980s
9182:1970s
9030:1960s
8949:2010s
8851:2000s
8740:1990s
8651:1980s
8572:1970s
8500:1960s
8442:2010s
8351:2000s
8243:1990s
8134:1980s
8015:1970s
7910:1960s
7821:2010s
7713:2000s
7567:1990s
7443:1980s
7424:1960s
7320:2010s
7129:2000s
6943:1990s
6761:1980s
6617:1970s
6480:1960s
6422:2010s
6363:2000s
6275:1990s
6235:1980s
6216:1960s
5918:1963
5796:Peace
5736:1963
5626:Mayor
5590:Weiss
5550:Amano
5538:Higgs
5514:Riess
5486:Smith
5482:Boyle
5462:Nambu
5442:Smoot
5406:Gross
5374:Davis
5347:2001–
5337:Kilby
5249:Shull
5233:Hulse
5141:Ruska
5077:Fitch
5061:Salam
4958:Esaki
4934:Gabor
4898:Bethe
4862:Basov
4802:Segrè
4790:Frank
4750:Kusch
4738:Bothe
4714:Bloch
4643:Pauli
4627:Stern
4590:Fermi
4543:Dirac
4516:Raman
4461:Hertz
4409:Stark
4350:Dalén
4326:Braun
3857:(PDF)
3745:9 May
3722:9 May
3712:(PDF)
3277:(PDF)
3244:(PDF)
3222:S2CID
3187:S2CID
3161:arXiv
3131:S2CID
3111:(PDF)
3082:S2CID
3036:JSTOR
2972:S2CID
2672:(PDF)
2661:(PDF)
2254:(PDF)
2220:S2CID
1969:Notes
1689:1970
1617:with
1391:) in
1160:Nazis
1146:or a
1049:and
1024:X-ray
938:(now
793:into
365:(
361:
341:(
337:
318:(
314:
10720:Ames
9894:2014
9881:2012
9863:2011
9834:2009
9821:2008
9808:2007
9800:2006
9787:2005
9779:2004
9766:2003
9748:2002
9730:2001
9712:2000
9688:1999
9675:1998
9657:1997
9649:1996
9636:1995
9623:1994
9610:1993
9602:1992
9584:1991
9561:1990
9527:1989
9499:1988
9471:1987
9443:1986
9405:1983
9382:1982
9338:1979
9305:1976
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9249:1974
9216:1973
9188:1970
9164:1969
9141:1968
9113:1967
9085:1966
9062:1965
9044:1964
9036:1963
8994:2013
8981:2012
8968:2011
8955:2010
8936:2009
8923:2007
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8788:1994
8780:1993
8772:1992
8764:1991
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8717:1989
8704:1988
8691:1987
8678:1986
8665:1983
8657:1982
8633:1979
8620:1976
8602:1975
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8586:1973
8578:1970
8559:1969
8551:1968
8543:1967
8535:1966
8527:1965
8514:1964
8506:1963
8464:2012
8456:2011
8448:2010
8429:2009
8421:2008
8413:2007
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8365:2001
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8309:1995
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8293:1993
8280:1992
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8249:1990
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8171:1986
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8101:1979
8083:1976
8060:1975
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8029:1973
8021:1970
8002:1969
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7976:1967
7968:1966
7950:1965
7937:1964
7924:1963
7916:1962
7874:2014
7866:2013
7853:2012
7840:2011
7827:2010
7803:2009
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7573:1990
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7503:1987
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7462:1983
7449:1982
7430:1964
7378:2014
7370:2013
7357:2012
7339:2011
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7025:1992
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6905:1989
6872:1988
6844:1987
6816:1986
6793:1983
6775:1982
6767:1981
6718:1979
6695:1976
6672:1975
6649:1974
6636:1973
6623:1970
6599:1969
6571:1968
6548:1967
6525:1966
6507:1965
6494:1964
6486:1963
6444:2015
6436:2014
6428:2011
6409:2009
6401:2008
6393:2005
6385:2004
6377:2003
6369:2000
6350:1999
6342:1998
6334:1997
6326:1996
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6310:1994
6302:1992
6294:1991
6281:1990
6262:1988
6249:1987
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6222:1964
5943:1968
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5494:Geim
5450:Fert
5426:Hall
5309:Tsui
5257:Perl
5193:Paul
5029:Mott
5017:Ting
4974:Ryle
4926:Néel
4794:Tamm
4746:Lamb
4734:Born
4635:Rabi
4619:1942
4612:1941
4605:1940
4566:Hess
4550:1934
4523:1931
4385:1916
4366:Laue
4342:Wien
4044:ISBN
4025:ISBN
4002:ISBN
3985:ASIN
3963:ISBN
3925:ISBN
3899:ISBN
3882:2015
3871:OCLC
3861:ISBN
3830:2015
3747:2023
3724:2023
3653:2015
3631:2015
3562:2015
3537:2015
3511:2015
3481:2015
3455:2015
3402:ISBN
3369:ISSN
3315:ISBN
2988:2008
2847:2013
2817:2013
2680:2013
2643:2015
2563:ISBN
2505:2013
2463:2013
1996:2015
1735:ISBN
1725:and
1713:ISBN
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1670:ISBN
1553:and
1310:The
1272:and
1209:and
761:and
702:and
102:Died
69:Born
5478:Kao
5285:Chu
3680:doi
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1647:in
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1000:DSc
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11979::
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