Knowledge - Knowledge

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behavior, the other listmembers will cry "censorship", attack you, and even come to the defense of the troll. The root problem: anti-elitism, or lack of respect for expertise. There is a deeper problem which explains both of the above-elaborated problems. Namely, as a community, Knowledge lacks the habit or tradition of respect for expertise. As a community, far from being elitist, it is anti-elitist (which, in this context, means that expertise is not accorded any special respect, and snubs and disrespect of expertise are tolerated). This is one of my failures: a policy that I attempted to institute in Knowledge's first year, but for which I did not muster adequate support, was the policy of respecting and deferring politely to experts. (Those who were there will, I hope, remember that I tried very hard.)

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Statistical analyses suggest that the English Knowledge committee ignores the content of disputes and rather focuses on the way disputes are conducted, functioning not so much to resolve disputes and make peace between conflicting editors, but to weed out problematic editors while allowing potentially productive editors back in to participate. Therefore, the committee does not dictate the content of articles, although it sometimes condemns content changes when it deems the new content violates Knowledge policies (for example, if the new content is considered biased). Commonly used solutions include cautions and probations (used in 63% of cases) and banning editors from articles (43%), subject matters (23%), or Knowledge (16%). Complete bans from Knowledge are generally limited to instances of

1131:, which generally means that the topic must have been covered in mainstream media or major academic journal sources that are independent of the article's subject. Further, Knowledge intends to convey only knowledge that is already established and recognized. It must not present original research. A claim that is likely to be challenged requires a reference to a reliable source, as do all quotations. Among Knowledge editors, this is often phrased as "verifiability, not truth" to express the idea that the readers, not the encyclopedia, are ultimately responsible for checking the truthfulness of the articles and making their own interpretations. This can at times lead to the removal of information which, though valid, is not properly sourced. Finally, Knowledge must not take sides. 2583:", an educational model where students learn before coming to class and apply it in classroom activities. The experimental group was instructed to learn before class and get immediate feedback before going in (the flipped classroom model), while the control group was given direct instructions in class (the conventional classroom model). The groups were then instructed to collaboratively develop Knowledge entries, which would be graded in quality after the study. The results showed that the experimental group yielded more Knowledge entries and received higher grades in quality. The study concluded that learning with Knowledge in flipped classrooms was more effective than in conventional classrooms, demonstrating Knowledge could be used as an educational tool in higher education. 61: 2119:

coordinated in part by Meta-Wiki, the Wikimedia Foundation's wiki devoted to maintaining all its projects (Knowledge and others). For instance, Meta-Wiki provides important statistics on all language editions of Knowledge, and it maintains a list of articles every Knowledge should have. The list concerns basic content by subject: biography, history, geography, society, culture, science, technology, and mathematics. It is not rare for articles strongly related to a particular language not to have counterparts in another edition. For example, articles about small towns in the United States might be available only in English, even when they meet the notability criteria of other language Knowledge projects.

4179: 3406:, who recorded that the range of 4% to 25% annually was to be recommended, with high-end technology requiring the higher level of support for internal reinvestment. At the 2013 level of contributions for Wikimedia presently documented as 45 million dollars, the computed budget level recommended by Jaffe for reinvestment into internal research and development is between 1.8 million and 11.3 million dollars annually. In 2019, the level of contributions were reported by the Wikimedia Foundation as being at $ 120 million annually, updating the Jaffe estimates for the higher level of support to between $ 3.08 million and $ 19.2 million annually. 89: 649: 1787: 1799: 55: 900: 446: 815: 6091: 536: 3350: 21900: 21865: 4784: 3083: 4501: 3689: 5006: 4959: 862: 4187: 25023: 4074: 4052: 4170:), social networks have led to a culture of "dare not to care to know". This is while Knowledge faces "a more concerning problem" than funding, namely "a flattening growth rate in the number of contributors to the website". Consequently, the challenge for Knowledge and those who use it is to "save Knowledge and its promise of a free and open collection of all human knowledge amid the conquest of new and old television—how to collect and preserve knowledge when nobody cares to know." 3306:, which was reported to create up to 10,000 articles on the Swedish Knowledge on certain days. Additionally, there are bots designed to automatically notify editors when they make common editing errors (such as unmatched quotes or unmatched parentheses). Edits falsely identified by bots as the work of a banned editor can be restored by other editors. An anti-vandal bot is programmed to detect and revert vandalism quickly. Bots are able to indicate edits from particular accounts or 2472: 1053: 1036: 2545:; some specifically prohibit Knowledge citations. Wales stresses that encyclopedias of any type are not usually appropriate to use as citable sources, and should not be relied upon as authoritative. Wales once (2006 or earlier) said he receives about ten emails weekly from students saying they got failing grades on papers because they cited Knowledge; he told the students they got what they deserved. "For God's sake, you're in college; don't cite the encyclopedia", he said. 25006: 1027: 3451: 22835: 3944: 2317: 2640: 2123: 1175:", which includes the ability to delete pages or prevent them from being changed in cases of severe vandalism or editorial disputes. Administrators are not supposed to enjoy any special privilege in decision-making; instead, their powers are mostly limited to making edits that have project-wide effects and thus are disallowed to ordinary editors, and to implement restrictions intended to prevent disruptive editors from making unproductive edits. 1293: 24904: 24972: 22823: 4798: 24989: 24955: 2937:

maintain the site argued that the decision to delete had been made hastily, Wales voluntarily gave up some of the powers he had held up to that time as part of his co-founder status. He wrote in a message to the Wikimedia Foundation mailing-list that this action was "in the interest of encouraging this discussion to be about real philosophical/content issues, rather than be about me and how quickly I acted". Critics, including

25040: 24938: 1085:; some of the main rules are that contributors are legally responsible for their edits and contributions, that they should follow the policies that govern each of the independent project editions, and they may not engage in activities, whether legal or illegal, that may be harmful to other users. In addition to the terms, the Foundation has developed policies, described as the "official policies of the Wikimedia Foundation". 943:, called Knowledge co-founder Jimmy Wales and asked whether he had any way of knowing who contributed the misinformation. Wales said he did not, although the perpetrator was eventually traced. After the incident, Seigenthaler described Knowledge as "a flawed and irresponsible research tool". The incident led to policy changes at Knowledge for tightening up the verifiability of biographical articles of living people. 24921: 1260: 455: 2293:" (or "pro-western bias") or "Eurocentric bias", reiterating, says Anna Samoilenko, "similar biases that are found in the 'ivory tower' of academic historiography". Carwil Bjork-James proposes that Knowledge could follow the diversification pattern of contemporary scholarship and Dangzhi Zhao calls for a "decolonization" of Knowledge to reduce bias from opinionated White male editors. 3596:. An English version released in 2006 contained about 2,000 articles. The Polish-language version from 2006 contains nearly 240,000 articles, the German-language version from 2007/2008 contains over 620,000 articles, and the Spanish-language version from 2011 contains 886,000 articles. Additionally, "Knowledge for Schools", the Knowledge series of CDs / DVDs produced by Knowledge and 3132:) as a priority. 'We are really pushing toward more transparency ... We are reinforcing that paid advocacy is not welcome.' Initiatives to involve greater diversity of contributors, better mobile support of Knowledge, new geo-location tools to find local content more easily, and more tools for users in the second and third world are also priorities", Walsh said. 1780:), 44 more have over 100,000, and 82 more have over 10,000. The largest, the English Knowledge, has over 6.8 million articles. As of January 2021, the English Knowledge receives 48% of Knowledge's cumulative traffic, with the remaining split among the other languages. The top 10 editions represent approximately 85% of the total traffic. 60: 896:

entirely blanking a given page. Less common types of vandalism, such as the deliberate addition of plausible but false information, can be more difficult to detect. Vandals can introduce irrelevant formatting, modify page semantics such as the page's title or categorization, manipulate the article's underlying code, or use images disruptively.

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others, particularly controversial, sensitive, or vandalism-prone pages have been protected to varying degrees. A frequently vandalized article can be "semi-protected" or "extended confirmed protected", meaning that only "autoconfirmed" or "extended confirmed" editors can modify it. A particularly contentious article may be locked so that only

4056: 4054: 4059: 4058: 4053: 4060: 1296: 2159:, in an article titled "The Future of Knowledge", cited a trend analysis concerning data published by the Wikimedia Foundation stating that "the number of editors for the English-language version has fallen by a third in seven years." The attrition rate for active editors in English Knowledge was cited by 1295: 1300: 1299: 1294: 17905:: "Readers must be able to check that any of the information within Knowledge articles is not just made up. This means all material must be attributable to reliable, published sources. Additionally, quotations and any material challenged or likely to be challenged must be supported by inline citations." 3345:

software, which in turn pass them to one of the Apache web servers for page rendering from the database. The web servers deliver pages as requested, performing page rendering for all the language editions of Knowledge. To increase speed further, rendered pages are cached in a distributed memory cache

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have consistently shown that Knowledge systematically over-represents a point of view (POV) belonging to a particular demographic described as the "average Wikipedian", who is an educated, technically inclined, English speaking white male, aged 15–49 from a developed Christian country in the northern

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wrote: "If I had to guess whether Knowledge or the median refereed journal article on economics was more likely to be true after a not so long think I would opt for Knowledge." He comments that some traditional sources of non-fiction suffer from systemic biases, and novel results, in his opinion, are

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Editors who fail to comply with Knowledge cultural rituals, such as signing talk page comments, may implicitly signal that they are Knowledge outsiders, increasing the odds that Knowledge insiders may target or discount their contributions. Becoming a Knowledge insider involves non-trivial costs: the

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Various collaborative online encyclopedias were attempted before the start of Knowledge, but with limited success. Knowledge began as a complementary project for Nupedia, a free online English-language encyclopedia project whose articles were written by experts and reviewed under a formal process. It

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computers) and photographs from more than a million contributors in the UK, and covered the geography, art, and culture of the UK. This was the first interactive multimedia encyclopedia (and was also the first major multimedia document connected through internal links), with the majority of articles

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page under the title "Plastic-eating fungus caused doomsday A collaborative effort" by Emma Burnett. The Talk page concerned a (fictional) article describing unintended consequences the release of a plastic-eating fungus to clean up an oil spill. The article contained Talk page topics one might find

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Interdisciplinary scholarly assessments of Knowledge articles have found that while articles are typically accurate and free of misinformation, they are also typically incomplete and fail to present all perspectives with a neutral point of view. In 2011, Wales claimed that the unevenness of coverage

1418:, a professor and scientist, said that the reason he thought the number of male contributors outnumbered the number of females so greatly was because identifying as a woman may expose oneself to "ugly, intimidating behavior". Data has shown that Africans are underrepresented among Knowledge editors. 1332:

Knowledge does not require that its editors and contributors provide identification. As Knowledge grew, "Who writes Knowledge?" became one of the questions frequently asked there. Jimmy Wales once argued that only "a community ... a dedicated group of a few hundred volunteers" makes the bulk of

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Over time, Knowledge has developed a semiformal dispute resolution process. To determine community consensus, editors can raise issues at appropriate community forums, seek outside input through third opinion requests, or initiate a more general community discussion known as a "request for comment".

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use the labyrinthine rules and guidelines to dominate others and those editors have a vested interest in keeping the status quo. Lih alleges there is a serious disagreement among existing contributors on how to resolve this. Lih fears for Knowledge's long-term future while Brown fears problems with

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reported the comparison statistics for mobile edits stating that, "Only 20 percent of the readership of the English-language Knowledge comes via mobile devices, a figure substantially lower than the percentage of mobile traffic for other media sites, many of which approach 50 percent. And the shift

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spokesman Jay Walsh strongly rejected Sanger's accusation, saying that Knowledge did not have "material we would deem to be illegal. If we did, we would remove it." Following the complaint by Sanger, Wales deleted sexual images without consulting the community. After some editors who volunteered to

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In contrast, the trend analysis for Knowledge in other languages (non-English Knowledge) shows success in retaining active editors on a renewable and sustained basis, with their numbers remaining relatively constant at approximately 42,000. No comment was made concerning which of the differentiated

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found that "anonymous and infrequent contributors to Knowledge ... are as reliable a source of knowledge as those contributors who register with the site". Jimmy Wales stated in 2009 that "t turns out over 50% of all the edits are done by just 0.7% of the users ... 524 people ... And

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By 2012, fewer editors were becoming administrators compared to Knowledge's earlier years, in part because the process of vetting potential administrators had become more rigorous. In 2022, there was a particularly contentious request for adminship over the candidate's anti-Trump views; ultimately,

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Knowledge editors often have disagreements regarding content, which can be discussed on article Talk pages. Disputes may result in repeated competing changes to an article, known as "edit warring". It is widely seen as a resource-consuming scenario where no useful knowledge is added, and criticized

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Any change that deliberately compromises Knowledge's integrity is considered vandalism. The most common and obvious types of vandalism include additions of obscenities and crude humor; it can also include advertising and other types of spam. Sometimes editors commit vandalism by removing content or

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There is a certain mindset associated with unmoderated Usenet groups that infects the collectively-managed Knowledge project: if you react strongly to trolling, that reflects poorly on you, not (necessarily) on the troll. If you demand that something be done about constant disruption by trollish

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reported that Knowledge was ranked fifth globally among all websites, stating "With 18 billion page views and nearly 500 million unique visitors a month, ... Knowledge trails just Yahoo, Facebook, Microsoft and Google, the largest with 1.2 billion unique visitors." However, its

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reported on May 1, 2014, that Tretikov's information technology background from her years at University of California offers Knowledge an opportunity to develop in more concentrated directions guided by her often repeated position statement that, "Information, like air, wants to be free." The same

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In late April 2023, Wikimedia Foundation announced that Knowledge will not submit to any age verifications that may be required by the Online Safety Bill. Rebecca MacKinnon of the Wikimedia Foundation said that such checks would run counter to the website's commitment to minimal data collection on

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magazine in an article titled "Doctors' #1 Source for Healthcare Information: Knowledge", stated that "Fifty percent of physicians look up conditions on the (Knowledge) site, and some are editing articles themselves to improve the quality of available information." Beck continued to detail in this

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A 2008 study found that Wikipedians were less agreeable, open, and conscientious than others, although a later commentary pointed out serious flaws, including that the data showed higher openness and that the differences with the control group and the samples were small. According to a 2009 study,

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indicated that not only had Knowledge's growth stalled, it "had lost nearly ten percent of its page views last year. There was a decline of about 2 billion between December 2012 and December 2013. Its most popular versions are leading the slide: page-views of the English Knowledge declined by

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cited the array of rules applied to editing and disputes related to such content among the reasons for this trend. Wales disputed these claims in 2009, denying the decline and questioning the study's methodology. Two years later, in 2011, he acknowledged a slight decline, noting a decrease from "a

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According to "Knowledge Readership Survey 2011", the average age of Knowledge readers is 36, with a rough parity between genders. Almost half of Knowledge readers visit the site more than five times a month, and a similar number of readers specifically look for Knowledge in search engine results.

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economics to indicate the need for the re-investment of donations into the internal research and development of the Foundation. Two projects of such internal research and development have been the creation of a Visual Editor and the "Thank" tab in the edit history, which were developed to improve

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Translated articles represent only a small portion of articles in most editions, in part because those editions do not allow fully automated translation of articles. Articles available in more than one language may offer "interwiki links", which link to the counterpart articles in other editions.

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The Arbitration Committee presides over the ultimate dispute resolution process. Although disputes usually arise from a disagreement between two opposing views on how an article should read, the Arbitration Committee explicitly refuses to directly rule on the specific view that should be adopted.

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titled "Can Knowledge Ever Be a Definitive Medical Text?", Julie Beck quotes WikiProject Medicine's James Heilman as stating: "Just because a reference is peer-reviewed doesn't mean it's a high-quality reference." Beck added that: "Knowledge has its own peer review process before articles can be

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reported that the number of contributors with an average of five or more edits per month was relatively constant since 2008 for Knowledge in other languages at approximately 42,000 editors within narrow seasonal variances of about 2,000 editors up or down. The number of active editors in English

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at Knowledge. He relied instead on "mutually reverting edit pairs", where one editor reverts the edit of another editor who then, in sequence, returns to revert the first editor. The results were tabulated for several language versions of Knowledge. The English Knowledge's three largest conflict

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Due to Knowledge's increasing popularity, some editions, including the English version, have introduced editing restrictions for certain cases. For instance, on the English Knowledge and some other language editions, only registered users may create a new article. On the English Knowledge, among

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found significant gender differences in confidence in expertise, discomfort with editing, and response to critical feedback. "Women reported less confidence in their expertise, expressed greater discomfort with editing (which typically involves conflict), and reported more negative responses to

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newspaper, that as a historian he resorted to Knowledge "at least a dozen times a day", and had never yet caught it out. He described it as "a work of reference as useful as any in existence", with so wide a range that it is almost impossible to find a person, place, or thing that it has left

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Jimmy Wales has described Knowledge as "an effort to create and distribute a 💕 of the highest possible quality to every single person on the planet in their own language". Though each language edition functions more or less independently, some efforts are made to supervise them all. They are

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Although changes are not systematically reviewed, Knowledge's software provides tools allowing anyone to review changes made by others. Each article's History page links to each revision. On most articles, anyone can view the latest changes and undo others' revisions by clicking a link on the

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Several studies have shown that most Knowledge contributors are male. Notably, the results of a Wikimedia Foundation survey in 2008 showed that only 13 percent of Knowledge editors were female. Because of this, universities throughout the United States tried to encourage women to become

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Bertelsmann did not resort to euphemism this week when it announced the end of the Brockhaus encyclopedia brand. Brockhaus had been publishing reference books for two centuries when the media group bought it in 2008. The internet has finished off Brockhaus altogether. What Germans like is

4030:, saying: "Type a candidate's name into Google, and among the first results is a Knowledge page, making those entries arguably as important as any ad in defining a candidate. Already, the presidential entries are being edited, dissected and debated countless times each day." An October 2007 1365:" on Knowledge, as "participants are accredited by members of the wiki community, who have a vested interest in preserving the quality of the work product, on the basis of their ongoing participation", but the contribution histories of anonymous unregistered editors recognized only by their 3766:

The Android app for Knowledge was released in January 2012, to over 500,000 installs and generally positive reviews, scoring over four of a possible five in a poll of approximately 200,000 users downloading from Google. The version for iOS was released on April 3, 2013, to similar reviews.

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After an early period of exponential growth, the growth rate of the English Knowledge in terms of the numbers of new articles and of editors, appears to have peaked around early 2007. The edition reached 3 million articles in August 2009. Around 1,800 articles were added daily to the

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maintains "stable versions" of articles which have passed certain reviews. Following protracted trials and community discussion, the English Knowledge introduced the "pending changes" system in December 2012. Under this system, new and unregistered users' edits to certain controversial or

2360:, about three." Joseph Reagle suggested that while the study reflects "a topical strength of Knowledge contributors" in science articles, "Knowledge may not have fared so well using a random sampling of articles or on humanities subjects." Others raised similar critiques. The findings by 3508:

was released; it was specifically designed for creative works in general, not just for software manuals. The Knowledge project sought the switch to the Creative Commons. Because the GFDL and Creative Commons were incompatible, in November 2008, following the request of the project, the

2229:", concluding that Knowledge explicitly is not designed to provide correct information about a subject, but rather focus on all the major viewpoints on the subject, give less attention to minor ones, and creates omissions that can lead to false beliefs based on incomplete information. 4061: 1268: 3730:

for the "worry" is for Knowledge to effectively address attrition issues with the number of editors which the online encyclopedia attracts to edit and maintain its content in a mobile access environment. By 2023, the Wikimedia Foundation's staff had grown to over 700 employees.

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opined that Knowledge, a site he financially supported at one time, appeared to have gradually taken a significant turn in bias to the political left, specifically on political topics. Some studies suggest that Knowledge (and in particular the English Knowledge) has a "western

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states, "we believe that you shouldn't have to provide personal information to participate in the free knowledge movement", and states that "personal information" may be shared "For legal reasons", "To Protect You, Ourselves & Others", or "To Understand & Experiment".

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said that he suspected much of the page-view decline was due to Knowledge Graphs, stating, "If you can get your question answered from the search page, you don't need to click ." By the end of December 2016, Knowledge was ranked the fifth most popular website globally.

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tactics to assist him in negotiating lesser pay for an employee. Viewers of the show tried to add the episode's mention of the page as a section of the actual Knowledge article on negotiation, but this effort was prevented by other users on the article's talk page.

3755:-based devices. Several other methods of mobile access to Knowledge have emerged since. Many devices and applications optimize or enhance the display of Knowledge content for mobile devices, while some also incorporate additional features such as use of Knowledge 3466:

joined in 2020, a spokesman said "By enabling free access to our content for Knowledge editors, we hope to further the research community's resources – creating and updating Knowledge entries on civil engineering which are read by thousands of monthly readers."

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Critics argue that Knowledge's open nature and a lack of proper sources for most of the information makes it unreliable. Some commentators suggest that Knowledge may be reliable, but that the reliability of any given article is not clear. Editors of traditional

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was an initiative of the Wikimedia Foundation to expand the reach of the encyclopedia to the developing countries by partnering with mobile operators to allow free access. It was discontinued in February 2018 due to lack of participation from mobile operators.

3513:(FSF) released a new version of the GFDL designed specifically to allow Knowledge to relicense its content to CC BY-SA by August 1, 2009. In April 2009, Knowledge and its sister projects held a community-wide referendum which decided the switch in June 2009. 553:

indexing. Language editions were created beginning in March 2001, with a total of 161 in use by the end of 2004. Nupedia and Knowledge coexisted until the former's servers were taken down permanently in 2003, and its text was incorporated into Knowledge. The

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repository, a project operated by the Wikimedia Foundation. Knowledge's accommodation of varying international copyright laws regarding images has led some to observe that its photographic coverage of topics lags behind the quality of the encyclopedic text.

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in 2009 indicated that the geographic distribution of article topics is highly uneven, Africa being the most underrepresented. Across 30 language editions of Knowledge, historical articles and sections are generally Eurocentric and focused on recent events.

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Petroni, Fabio; Broscheit, Samuel; Piktus, Aleksandra; Lewis, Patrick; Izacard, Gautier; Hosseini, Lucas; Dwivedi-Yu, Jane; Lomeli, Maria; Schick, Timo; Bevilacqua, Michele; Mazaré, Pierre-Emmanuel; Joulin, Armand; Grave, Edouard; Riedel, Sebastian (2023).

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carrying a copy of nearly all of the English Knowledge engraved on thin nickel plates; experts say the plates likely survived the crash. In June 2019, scientists reported that all 16 GB of article text from the English Knowledge had been encoded into

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service. In June 2007, Knowledge launched en.mobile.wikipedia.org, an official website for wireless devices. In 2009, a newer mobile service was officially released, located at en.m.wikipedia.org, which caters to more advanced mobile devices such as the

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contributor is expected to learn Knowledge-specific technological codes, submit to a sometimes convoluted dispute resolution process, and learn a "baffling culture rich with in-jokes and insider references". Editors who do not log in are in some sense "

3040:"for groundbreaking inventions in the field of laser physics", becoming the third woman to ever receive the award. Prior to winning the award, Strickland's only mention on Knowledge was in the article about her collaborator and co-winner of the award 5495: 2692:). Knowledge contains materials that some people may find objectionable, offensive, or pornographic. The "Knowledge is not censored" policy has sometimes proved controversial: in 2008, Knowledge rejected an online petition against the inclusion of 1392:

showed in 2009 that in a random sample of articles, most Knowledge content (measured by the amount of contributed text that survives to the latest sampled edit) is created by "outsiders", while most editing and formatting is done by "insiders".

532:. Its integral policy of "neutral point-of-view" was codified in its first few months. Otherwise, there were initially relatively few rules, and it operated independently of Nupedia. Bomis originally intended for it to be a for-profit business. 3297:

have often been used to perform simple and repetitive tasks, such as correcting common misspellings and stylistic issues, or to start articles such as geography entries in a standard format from statistical data. One controversial contributor,

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over-reported in journal articles as well as relevant information being omitted from news reports. However, he also cautions that errors are frequently found on Internet sites and that academics and experts must be vigilant in correcting them.

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showing number of articles in each language as of March 2024. Languages with fewer than 1,000,000 articles are represented by one circle. Languages are grouped by region of continent and each region of continent is presented by a separate

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The fundamental principles of the Knowledge community are embodied in the "Five pillars", while the detailed editorial principles are expressed in numerous policies and guidelines intended to appropriately shape content. The five pillars are:

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to improve a group of 200 health-related articles of central medical importance up to Knowledge's highest standard of articles using its Featured Article and Good Article peer-review evaluation process. In a May 7, 2014, follow-up article in

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in 2012 also estimated the share of contributions to different editions of Knowledge from different regions of the world. It reported that the proportion of the edits made from North America was 51% for the English Knowledge, and 25% for the

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The Wikimedia Foundation is not a licensor of content on Knowledge or its related projects but merely a hosting service for contributors to and licensors of Knowledge, a position which was successfully defended in 2004 in a court in France.

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became the third executive director of the Wikimedia Foundation in June 2016. Maher stated that one of her priorities would be the issue of editor harassment endemic to Knowledge as identified by the Knowledge board in December. She said to

21612: 20856:). The radio documentary discusses Knowledge's history, development, and its place within the broader scope of the trend to democratized knowledge. It also includes interviews with several key Knowledge staff and contributors, including 1002:, with roughly 500,000 such debates since Knowledge's inception. Once an article is nominated for deletion, the dispute is typically determined by initial votes (to keep or delete) and by reference to topic-specific notability policies. 767:

twelve percent, those of German version slid by 17 percent and the Japanese version lost 9 percent." Varma added, "While Knowledge's managers think that this could be due to errors in counting, other experts feel that Google's

360:, with its almost 6.9 million articles, is the largest of the editions, which together comprise more than 63 million articles and attract more than 1.5 billion unique device visits and 13 million edits per month (about 5 2172:

edit policy standards from Knowledge in other languages (non-English Knowledge) would provide a possible alternative to English Knowledge for effectively improving substantial editor attrition rates on the English-language Knowledge.

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Knowledge narratives about national histories (i) are skewed towards more recent events (recency bias) and (ii) are distributed unevenly across the continents with significant focus on the history of European countries (Eurocentric

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Because Knowledge content is distributed under an open license, anyone can reuse or re-distribute it at no charge. The content of Knowledge has been published in many forms, both online and offline, outside the Knowledge website.

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article's History page. Registered users may maintain a "watchlist" of articles that interest them so they can be notified of changes. "New pages patrol" is a process where newly created articles are checked for obvious problems.

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was founded in 2005 by Michael Snow, a Knowledge administrator who would join the Wikimedia Foundation's board of trustees in 2008. The publication covers news and events from the English Knowledge, the Wikimedia Foundation, and

15209:[Press release. Honorable Franco Grillini. Knowledge. Interview with Rutelli about the "right to view" promoting contemporary art and architecture of Italy. Review with urgency copyright law] (in Italian). Archived from 3842:

states, "YouTube's reliance on Knowledge to set the record straight builds on the thinking of another fact-challenged platform, the Facebook social network, which announced last year that Knowledge would help its users root out

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attributed this slowing of growth to "increased coordination and overhead costs, exclusion of newcomers, and resistance to new edits". Others suggest that the growth is flattening naturally because articles that could be called

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article, "The Decline of Knowledge", questioned this claim, reporting that since 2007 Knowledge had lost a third of its volunteer editors, and suggesting that those remaining had focused increasingly on minutiae. In July 2012,

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The Knowledge's open structure makes it a target for trolls and vandals who malevolently add incorrect information to articles, get other people tied up in endless discussions, and generally do everything to draw attention to

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and similar algorithms "followed by the number of appearances in the 24 different language editions of Knowledge (descending order) and the century in which they were founded (ascending order)". The study was updated in 2019.

12952: 5759:'I can start an article that will consist of one paragraph, and then a real expert will come along and add three paragraphs and clean up my one paragraph,' said Larry Sanger of Las Vegas, who founded Knowledge with Mr. Wales. 17534: 2091:

and therefore worldwide, contributors to the same language edition may use different dialects or may come from different countries (as is the case for the English edition). These differences may lead to some conflicts over

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in the number of its articles, Knowledge has steadily gained status as a general reference website since its inception in 2001. The number of readers of Knowledge worldwide reached 365 million at the end of 2009. The

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to have strengthened its rules and laws against undisclosed editing. The article stated that: "Beginning Monday , changes in Knowledge's terms of use will require anyone paid to edit articles to disclose that arrangement.

12278: 4678: 17893:: "Knowledge articles must not contain original research. The phrase "original research"... is used on Knowledge to refer to material—such as facts, allegations, and ideas—for which no reliable, published sources exist." 12519: 1134:

As Knowledge policies changed over time, and became more complex, their number has grown. In 2008, there were 44 policy pages and 248 guideline pages; by 2013, scholars counted 383 policy pages and 449 guideline pages.

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magazine article reported that: "According to researchers in Palo Alto, one percent of Knowledge users are responsible for about half of the site's edits." This method of evaluating contributions was later disputed by

678:(#11). This marked a significant increase over January 2006, when Knowledge ranked 33rd, with around 18.3 million unique visitors. In 2014, it received 8 billion page views every month. On February 9, 2014, 2434:

journalist Liam Mannix noted that: "There's no reason to expect Knowledge to be accurate ... And yet it ." Mannix further discussed the multiple studies that have proved Knowledge to be generally as reliable as

24471: 6220: 6672: 15760: 12849: 4055: 2688:, it can have far more topics than can be covered by any printed encyclopedia. The exact degree and manner of coverage on Knowledge is under constant review by its editors, and disagreements are not uncommon (see 12777: 4048:. He said that the lack of such freedom forced Knowledge, "the seventh most consulted website", to forbid all images of modern Italian buildings and art, and claimed this was hugely damaging to tourist revenues. 1109:

The rules developed by the community are stored in wiki form, and Knowledge editors write and revise the website's policies and guidelines in accordance with community consensus. Editors can enforce the rules by

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is a reflection of the demography of the editors, citing for example "biographies of famous women through history and issues surrounding early childcare". The October 22, 2013, essay by Tom Simonite in MIT's

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vandalism-prone articles are reviewed by established users before they are published. However, restrictions on editing may reduce the editor engagement as well as efforts to diversity the editing community.

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In 2007, readers of brandchannel.com voted Knowledge as the fourth-highest brand ranking, receiving 15 percent of the votes in answer to the question "Which brand had the most impact on our lives in 2006?"

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indicated that male and female editors focus on different coverage topics. There was a greater concentration of females in the "people and arts" category, while males focus more on "geography and science".

1297: 20768: 12433: 6889:"Startup packs all 16 GB of Knowledge onto DNA strands to demonstrate new storage tech – Biological molecules will last a lot longer than the latest computer storage technology, Catalog believes" 5506: 5007: 4960: 2570:, condemned Knowledge, along with Google, stating that academics who endorse the use of Knowledge are "the intellectual equivalent of a dietitian who recommends a steady diet of Big Macs with everything". 1114:

or modifying non-compliant material. Originally, rules on the non-English editions of Knowledge were based on a translation of the rules for the English Knowledge. They have since diverged to some extent.

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argued that "it's also a pointed lesson in the hazards of gender bias in media, and of the broader consequences of underrepresentation." Purtill attributes the issue to the gender bias in media coverage.

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Morris-O'Connor, Danielle A., Andreas Strotmann, and Dangzhi Zhao. "The colonization of Knowledge: evidence from characteristic editing behaviors of warring camps." Journal of Documentation 79.3 (2023):

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concern in the case of Knowledge is the right of a private citizen to remain a "private citizen" rather than a "public figure" in the eyes of the law. It is a battle between the right to be anonymous in

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reported that Möller has assigned "a team of 10 software developers focused on mobile", out of a total of approximately 200 employees working at the Wikimedia Foundation. One principal concern cited by

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license permitting the redistribution, creation of derivative works, and commercial use of content while authors retain copyright of their work. The GFDL was created for software manuals that come with

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to handle queries without having to reveal the identities of the involved parties. This is used, for example, in confirming the permission for using individual images and other media in the project.

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As a consequence of the open structure, Knowledge "makes no guarantee of validity" of its content, since no one is ultimately responsible for any claims appearing in it. Concerns have been raised by

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Bizer, Christian; Lehmann, Jens; Kobilarov, Georgi; Auer, Sören; Becker, Christian; Cyganiak, Richard; Hellmann, Sebastian (September 2009). "DBpedia – A crystallization point for the Web of Data".

6331: 5663: 11722: 15207:"Comunicato Stampa. On. Franco Grillini. Knowledge. Interrogazione a Rutelli. Con "diritto di panorama" promuovere arte e architettura contemporanea italiana. Rivedere con urgenza legge copyright" 3504:. This made it a poor choice for a general reference work: for example, the GFDL requires the reprints of materials from Knowledge to come with a full copy of the GFDL text. In December 2002, the 17917:. February 13, 2008. "All Knowledge articles and other encyclopedic content must be written from a neutral point of view, representing significant views fairly, proportionately and without bias." 17242: 16431: 5743: 2261:

noted that "Media coverage of Knowledge has radically shifted over the past two decades: once cast as an intellectual frivolity, it is now lauded as the 'last bastion of shared reality' online."

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Socialist Labour Party of America though it can trace its history as far back as 1876, when it was known as the Workingmen's Party, no less an authority than Knowledge pronounces it "moribund".

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Though the various language editions are held to global policies such as "neutral point of view", they diverge on some points of policy and practice, most notably on whether images that are not

6898: 6418: 3716:, deputy director of the Wikimedia Foundation, stating that the transition of internet traffic from desktops to mobile devices was significant and a cause for concern and worry. The article in 12621: 8197: 2509:, the nonprofit Wikimedia Foundation's chief communications officer, said the changes address a sentiment among volunteer editors that 'we're not an advertising service; we're an encyclopedia. 24732: 24464: 22453: 12985: 4427: 24724: 11377: 914:

Obvious vandalism is generally easy to remove from Knowledge articles; the median time to detect and fix it is a few minutes. However, some vandalism takes much longer to detect and repair.

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was from the United States, followed by Japan at 6.2%, the United Kingdom at 5.8%, Russia at 5.2%, Germany at 5%, and the remaining 51% split among other countries, according to Similarweb.

12880: 3907:, Knowledge's coverage of the pandemic and fight against misinformation received international media attention, and brought an increase in Knowledge readership overall. Noam Cohen wrote in 10745: 9966: 16304: 13546: 10596: 611:

in Madrid, Spain found that the English Knowledge had lost 49,000 editors during the first three months of 2009; in comparison, it lost only 4,900 editors during the same period in 2008.

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Potthast, Martin; Stein, Benno; Gerling, Robert (2008). "Advances in Information Retrieval". In Macdonald, Craig; Ounis, Iadh; Plachouras, Vassilis; Ruthven, Ian; White, Ryen W. (eds.).

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Knowledge was launched on January 15, 2001 as a single English-language edition at www.wikipedia.com, and was announced by Sanger on the Nupedia mailing list. The name originated from a

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Following growing amounts of incoming donations in 2013 exceeding seven digits, the Foundation has reached a threshold of assets which qualify its consideration under the principles of

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bias". Knowledge co-founder Sanger said that Knowledge has become a "propaganda" for the left-leaning "establishment" and warned the site can no longer be trusted. In 2022, libertarian

956:. Research has focused on, for example, impoliteness of disputes, the influence of rival editing camps, the conversational structure, and the shift in conflicts to a focus on sources. 881:

created a catalyst for collaborative development, and that features such as allowing easy access to past versions of a page favored "creative construction" over "creative destruction".

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ranking dropped to 13th globally by June 2020 due mostly to a rise in popularity of Chinese websites for online shopping. The website has since recovered its ranking as of April 2022.

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alleged (in 2010 and 2011 respectively) that articles are dominated by the loudest and most persistent voices, usually by a group with an "ax to grind" on the topic. A 2008 article in

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produced a video sketch named "Professor Knowledge", in which the fictitious Professor Knowledge instructs a class with a medley of unverifiable and occasionally absurd statements.

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was named the incoming CEO in September 2021, and took over that role in January 2022. She stated that one of her focuses would be increasing diversity in the Wikimedia community.

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of the amateur. I for one can't imagine anything more frightening." Others dispute the notion that Knowledge, or similar efforts, will entirely displace traditional publications.

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website published a cartoon with this caption: "Dammit, Manning, have you considered the pronoun war that this is going to start on your Knowledge page?" The cartoon referred to

3462:, so that they can consult and cite these while editing the encyclopedia. Over 60 publishers have partnered with The Knowledge Library to provide access to their resources: when 15459: 12511: 11633: 1289:

Each article and each user of Knowledge has an associated and dedicated "talk" page. These form the primary communication channel for editors to discuss, coordinate and debate.

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In 2017–18, after a barrage of false news reports, both Facebook and YouTube announced they would rely on Knowledge to help their users evaluate reports and reject false news.

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Kalyanasundaram, Arun; Wei, Wei; Carley, Kathleen M.; Herbsleb, James D. (December 2015). "An agent-based model of edit wars in Knowledge: How and when is consensus reached".

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has argued that, due to the number of reviewers, "the content of a popular Knowledge page is actually the most reliable form of information ever created". In September 2022,

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Following the departure of Tretikov from Knowledge due to issues concerning the use of the "superprotection" feature which some language versions of Knowledge have adopted,

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Many parodies target Knowledge's openness and susceptibility to inserted inaccuracies, with characters vandalizing or modifying the online encyclopedia project's articles.

3982:—though mainly for supporting information rather than information decisive to a case. Content appearing on Knowledge has also been cited as a source and referenced in some 18685: 9224: 4198:

contest; this came with a €10,000 (£6,588; $ 12,700) grant and an invitation to present at the PAE Cyberarts Festival in Austria later that year. The second was a Judges'

3279:, was opened to public use. It was met with much rejection and criticism, and was described as "slow and buggy". The feature was changed from opt-out to opt-in afterward. 2767: 15768: 15599: 12840: 11857: 11192: 5566: 3788:

is difficult and this discourages new potential contributors. Lih states that the number of Knowledge editors has been declining after several years, and Tom Simonite of

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The handling of media files (e.g. image files) varies across language editions. Some language editions, such as the English Knowledge, include non-free image files under

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extension was added to MediaWiki's built-in search and Knowledge switched from MySQL to Lucene for searching. Lucene was later replaced by CirrusSearch which is based on

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shows revenue of $ 124.6 million and expenses of almost $ 112.2 million, with assets of about $ 191.2 million and liabilities of almost $ 11 million.

19417: 19382: 17855:: "Knowledge's verifiability policy requires inline citations for any material challenged or likely to be challenged, and for all quotations, anywhere in article space." 15280: 12767: 7873:

Bear, Julia B.; Collier, Benjamin (March 2016). "Where are the Women in Knowledge? Understanding the Different Psychological Experiences of Men and Women in Knowledge".

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Knowledge seeks to create a summary of all human knowledge in the form of an online encyclopedia, with each topic covered encyclopedically in one article. Since it has

618:

little more than 36,000 writers" in June 2010 to 35,800 in June 2011. In the same interview, he also claimed the number of editors was "stable and sustainable". A 2013

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Several languages of Knowledge also maintain a reference desk, where volunteers answer questions from the general public. According to a study by Pnina Shachaf in the

2905:(IWF) decided the album cover was a potentially illegal indecent image and added the article's URL to a "blacklist" it supplies to British internet service providers. 2815: 15152: 11780: 11459: 7222: 6113: 20747: 16432:"Knowledge-Mining Algorithm Reveals World's Most Influential Universities: An algorithm's list of the most influential universities contains some surprising entries" 13397: 13270: 7998:"The 💕 that anyone can dispute: An analysis of the micro-structural dynamics of positive and negative relations in the production of contentious Knowledge articles" 4682: 3626:

project with a similar objective of storing the basic facts from each page of Knowledge and other Wikimedia Foundation projects and make it available in a queryable

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classified as 'good' or 'featured'. Heilman, who has participated in that process before, says 'less than one percent' of Knowledge's medical articles have passed."

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examined editing conflicts and their resolution in a 2013 study. Yasseri contended that simple reverts or "undo" operations were not the most significant measure of

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Several interactive multimedia encyclopedias incorporating entries written by the public existed long before Knowledge was founded. The first of these was the 1986

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Knowledge encourages local resolutions of conflicts, which Jemielniak argues is quite unique in organization studies, though there has been some recent interest in

19607: 15828: 15271:"Knowledge's Moment of Truth – Can the online encyclopedia help teach A.I. chatbots to get their facts right — without destroying itself in the process? + comment" 14508: 11600: 6530: 6385: 6080: 2978:, aka "Tron", a deceased hacker. On February 9, 2006, the injunction against Wikimedia Deutschland was overturned, with the court rejecting the notion that Tron's 2346:

are written by experts, lending such encyclopedias a reputation for accuracy. However, a peer review in 2005 of forty-two scientific entries on both Knowledge and

696:. Loveland and Reagle argue that, in process, Knowledge follows a long tradition of historical encyclopedias that have accumulated improvements piecemeal through " 20761: 17057: 13466: 12919: 12421: 11276: 7467: 3929:

and other materials on Wikimedia projects. There were nearly 7,000 COVID-19 related Knowledge articles across 188 different Wikipedias, as of November 2021.

3377:. In 2017, Knowledge installed a caching cluster in an Equinix facility in Singapore, the first of its kind in Asia. In 2022, a caching data center was opened in 15023: 11333: 7559:

Association for Computing Machinery Group '07 Conference Proceedings; GroupLens Research, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota

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being accessible through an interactive map of the UK. The user interface and part of the content of the Domesday Project were emulated on a website until 2008.

3164:(which are national or sub-national organizations, such as Wikimedia Deutschland and Wikimedia France), thematic organizations (such as Amical Wikimedia for the 16976: 15332: 14204: 12575: 9788: 7724: 6629: 2459:

has claimed that Knowledge has largely avoided the problem of "fake news" because the Knowledge community regularly debates the quality of sources in articles.

1245:. When conduct is not impersonation or anti-social, but rather edit warring and other violations of editing policies, solutions tend to be limited to warnings. 24648: 22745: 18710: 18081: 16643: 14695: 11691: 9291: 8593: 4342: 3128:

article reported these directions of development according to an interview with spokesman Jay Walsh of Wikimedia, who "said Tretikov would address that issue (

1342:, who noted that several articles he sampled had large portions of their content (measured by number of characters) contributed by users with low edit counts. 18584: 14820: 7080: 6479: 3992:

launched a new section for descriptions of families of RNA molecules and requires authors who contribute to the section to also submit a draft article on the

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Knowledge has been criticized for allowing information about graphic content. Articles depicting what some critics have called objectionable content (such as

848:

In certain cases, all editors are allowed to submit modifications, but review is required for some editors, depending on certain conditions. For example, the

802:, and numerous changes in the locations of buttons like the language selection tool. The update initially received backlash, most notably when editors of the 24813: 20499: 14629: 14227: 13857: 13121: 11809: 10294: 12542: 9183: 7255: 5599: 5416: 22521: 18851: 12125: 11910: 11714: 11153: 10573: 10509: 7119: 5655: 3314:

in July 2014 when it was reported that edits were made via IPs controlled by the Russian government. Bots on Knowledge must be approved before activation.

20222: 18756: 12687: 10961: 9407: 9109: 8550: 8360: 7691: 6322: 6298: 18993: 18925: 14889: 13430: 9943: 8927: 8754: 4034:

article, titled "Knowledge page the latest status symbol", reported the recent phenomenon of how having a Knowledge article vindicates one's notability.

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Larry Sanger describes the Citizendium project as a "progressive or gradual fork", with the major difference that experts have the final say over edits.

16441: 13176: 9611: 22564: 19091: 18433: 17416: 16330: 16278: 16207: 14161: 13052: 6456: 6409: 18250: 17342: 14461: 11821: 9576: 1321:, although not always with entirely negative connotations. Its preference for cohesiveness, even if it requires compromise that includes disregard of 25070: 24765: 17604: 12976: 12611: 10767: 10665: 8183: 6022: 4100: 2093: 19026: 18331: 11561: 10532: 7910:""Knowledge does NOT tolerate your babbling!": Impoliteness-induced conflict (resolution) in a polylogal collaborative online community of practice" 1190:

has an ease of implementation and scaling, though the automated rejection of edits may have contributed to a downturn in active Knowledge editors.

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Knowledge has won many awards, receiving its first two major awards in May 2004. The first was a Golden Nica for Digital Communities of the annual

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for article hyperlinks; the present double bracket style was incorporated later. Starting in January 2002 (Phase II), Knowledge began running on a

3146:

regarding the harassment issue that: "It establishes a sense within the community that this is a priority ... it has to be more than words."

2376:. In addition to the point-for-point disagreement between these two parties, others have examined the sample size and selection method used in the 17265: 17211: 16414: 13994: 12872: 12158: 10258: 5092: 2496:, and various forms of paid advocacy seen as counterproductive to the maintenance of a neutral and verifiable online encyclopedia. In response to 1786: 22763: 20688: 16010: 15000: 10735: 9976: 6662: 2712: 19776: 16267: 13681: 13536: 9699: 7551: 3885:

As of February 2023, Knowledge attracts around 2 billion unique devices monthly, with the English Knowledge receiving 10 billion

23566: 21705: 19538: 16906: 16464: 13329: 12304: 9258: 8851: 8801: 7351: 1798: 776: 20192: 15481: 14056: 13018: 8828: 5356: 5163: 4480:, a project for the creation of free learning materials and the provision of online learning activities. Another sister project of Knowledge, 24573: 23989: 23930: 22569: 16086: 13794: 11403: 10330: 9751: 9359: 8501: 5532: 3402:

issues of editor attrition. The estimates for reinvestment by industrial organizations into internal research and development was studied by

3156:

Knowledge is also supported by many organizations and groups that are affiliated with the Wikimedia Foundation but independently-run, called

2693: 995:. In 2020, researchers identified other measures of editor behaviors, beyond mutual reverts, to identify editing conflicts across Knowledge. 506:. Wales is credited with defining the goal of making a publicly editable encyclopedia, while Sanger is credited with the strategy of using a 20024: 15403: 15058: 10134: 10061: 9878: 6888: 4366:

comic strip from May 8, 2009, features a character supporting an improbable claim by saying "Give me ten minutes and then check Knowledge."

2849:, and nudity) contain graphic pictures and detailed information easily available to anyone with access to the internet, including children. 2704:

article, citing this policy. The presence of politically, religiously, and pornographically sensitive materials in Knowledge has led to the

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Bjork-James, Carwil (July 3, 2021). "New maps for an inclusive Knowledge: decolonial scholarship and strategies to counter systemic bias".

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Lam, Shyong (Tony) K.; Uduwage, Anuradha; Dong, Zhenhua; Sen, Shilad; Musicant, David R.; Terveen, Loren; Riedl, John (October 3–5, 2011).

10347: 7490: 6934: 6791: 5464: 21837:"Who Killed Knowledge? : A hardened corps of volunteer editors is the only force protecting Knowledge. They might also be killing it" 18618: 16048: 12180: 10642: 9585: 8456: 6048: 5622: 5328: 4891:

Registration is required for certain tasks, such as editing protected pages, creating pages on the English Knowledge, and uploading files.

4132:, the latter having "since colonized the web for television's values". For Derakhshan, Knowledge's goal as an encyclopedia represents the 2893:

girl. The original release cover caused controversy and was replaced in some countries. In December 2008, access to the Knowledge article

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and author of two biographies wrote, "The worry is that, if you can get all that information from Knowledge, what's left for biography?"

4379:, which was set on a website which was a parody of Knowledge. Some of the sketches were directly inspired by Knowledge and its articles. 4125: 3898: 3622:, begun in 2007, extracts data from the infoboxes and category declarations of the English-language Knowledge. Wikimedia has created the 845:

identified Knowledge's page-protection policies as "perhaps the most important" means at its disposal to "regulate its market of ideas".

510:

to reach that goal. On January 10, 2001, Sanger proposed on the Nupedia mailing list to create a wiki as a "feeder" project for Nupedia.

14652: 9548: 7851: 6856:"Tardigrades, the toughest animals on Earth, have crash-landed on the moon – The tardigrade conquest of the solar system has begun" 5305: 5054:

The committee may directly rule that a content change is inappropriate, but may not directly rule that certain content is inappropriate.

2924:, were not of real children, but said that they constituted "obscene visual representations of the sexual abuse of children", under the 24688: 22420: 21333:

Halfaker, Aaron; R. Stuart Geiger; Morgan, Jonathan T.; Riedl, John (2012). "The Rise and Decline of an Open Collaboration Community".

16712:; Taraborelli, Dario (April 2017). "Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web Companion – WWW '17 Companion". 14025: 11096: 7189: 6735: 3921:

can learn to address misinformation more effectively, Knowledge will remain the last best place on the Internet." In October 2020, the

24449: 21551:; Ariel, Yaron (2008). "Online motivational factors: Incentives for participation and contribution in Knowledge". In Barak, A. (ed.). 19482: 19451: 16175: 15724: 14717: 11623: 403:

was frequently criticized in the 2000s, it has improved over time, receiving greater praise from the late 2010s onward while becoming

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In April 2010, Sanger wrote a letter to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, outlining his concerns that two categories of images on

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36% of online American adults consult Knowledge. It is particularly popular with the well-educated and current college-age students.

6992: 4020:, and Facebook) in the rapid growth of online collaboration and interaction by millions of people worldwide. On September 16, 2007, 1153:

elements over time. An article is not considered to be owned by its creator or any other editor, nor by the subject of the article.

983:. By comparison, for the German Knowledge, the three largest conflict rates at the time of the study were for the articles covering 22513: 20783: 15232: 14547: 13817: 12478: 10695: 10081:

Bjork-James, Carwil (2021). "New maps for an inclusive Knowledge: decolonial scholarship and strategies to counter systemic bias".

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culture to a photographic one, which in turn mean a shift from rationality to emotions, exposition to entertainment". Rather than "

4027: 3979: 558:

passed the mark of 2 million articles on September 9, 2007, making it the largest encyclopedia ever assembled, surpassing the

19572: 17162: 16496:"Knowledge Ranking of World Universities: the top 100. List ranks institutions by search engine results and Knowledge appearances" 16215: 14377: 14347: 13649: 11666: 11538: 11483: 6855: 6758: 5187: 2750:. Data has also shown that Africa-related material often faces omission; a knowledge gap that a July 2018 Wikimedia conference in 2356:

found few differences in accuracy, and concluded that "the average science entry in Knowledge contained around four inaccuracies;

2168:

Knowledge, by sharp comparison, was cited as peaking in 2007 at approximately 50,000 and dropping to 30,000 by the start of 2014.

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Organizing Democracy. Power concentration and self-organization in the evolution of Knowledge (PhD, Erasmus University Rotterdam)

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Thompson, Neil; Hanley, Douglas (February 13, 2018). "Science Is Shaped by Knowledge: Evidence From a Randomized Control Trial".

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Knowledge has also been used as a source in journalism, often without attribution, and several reporters have been dismissed for

3520:

doctrine, while the others have opted not to, in part because of the lack of fair use doctrines in their home countries (e.g. in

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Jimmy Wales changed the world with Knowledge, the hugely popular online encyclopedia that anyone can edit. What will he do next?

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There have been efforts to put a select subset of Knowledge's articles into printed book form. Since 2009, tens of thousands of

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Coquidé, C.; Lages, J.; Shepelyansky, D.L. (2019). "World influence and interactions of universities from Knowledge networks".

15589: 12712:"Where are the Women in Knowledge ? – Understanding the Different Psychological Experiences of Men and Women in Knowledge" 11847: 11184: 10862: 10062:

Cultural Neighbourhoods, or approaches to quantifying cultural contextualisation in multilingual knowledge repository Knowledge

9660: 8983: 6185: 5558: 4519:

The most obvious economic effect of Knowledge has been the death of commercial encyclopedias, especially printed versions like

4434:. Concluding commentary said the article was motivated by stories of technological solutions that themselves become a problem. 3105:. The foundation relies on public contributions and grants to fund its mission. The foundation's 2020 Internal Revenue Service 2766:

hemisphere. This POV is over-represented in relation to all existing POVs. This systemic bias in editor demographic results in

19641: 19407: 19056: 17740: 6822: 4107:... that far exceeds traditionally-compiled information sources, such as encyclopedias and dictionaries, in scale and depth". 24870: 22662: 22425: 21778: 21744: 21719: 21687: 21662: 21643: 21622: 21598: 21572: 21538: 21514: 21493: 21454: 21227: 21159: 20907: 18486: 17773: 16790: 16743: 16495: 16408: 16360: 16298: 15910: 15507: 13391: 13223: 12404: 12219: 12088: 11956: 11002: 10710: 10045: 9904: 9824: 9730: 9317: 8645: 8193: 8126: 7818: 7775: 7643: 7511: 7461: 7155: 6150: 5974: 5929: 4572:

Knowledge's influence on the biography publishing business has been a concern for some. Book publishing data tracker Nielsen

3679: 3561:" exist that republish content from Knowledge; two prominent ones that also include content from other reference sources are 2221: 703:

On January 18, 2012, the English Knowledge participated in a series of coordinated protests against two proposed laws in the

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in February 2002. Wales then announced that Knowledge would not display advertisements, and changed Knowledge's domain from

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Priedhorsky, Reid; Chen, Jilin; Shyong (Tony) K. Lam; Panciera, Katherine; Terveen, Loren; Riedl, John (November 4, 2007).

7212: 3983: 19240: 17707: 13611: 13369: 13260: 13088: 12455: 12353: 8490:"Identifying and understanding the problems of Knowledge's peer governance: The case of inclusionists versus deletionists" 6702: 6105: 3321:, the current expansion of Knowledge to millions of articles would be difficult to envision without the use of such bots. 24892: 24148: 22554: 22051: 22027: 21943: 20834:

Jimmy Wales, founder of Knowledge, discusses the site, how it's treated by governments, and how it's fueled by its users.

20536: 19809: 19346: 17580: 17383: 16827: 16717: 16392: 16334: 16282: 15270: 13736: 10006: 9063: 3978:. The encyclopedia's assertions are increasingly used as a source by organizations such as the US federal courts and the 3607:

books that reproduced English, German, Russian, and French Knowledge articles have been produced by the American company

3025:. The perceived tolerance of abusive language was a reason put forth in 2013 for the gender gap in Knowledge editorship. 2828: 2675: 2671: 2387:

s manual selection of articles, in part or in whole, for comparison), absence of statistical analysis (e.g., of reported

1128: 380: 21368:"Knowledge as a gateway to biomedical research: The relative distribution and use of citations in the English Knowledge" 21249: 20876: 18365: 18219: 15535: 14490: 11592: 10836: 6519: 6368: 6073: 5991: 4392:(born Bradley Edward Manning), an American activist, politician, and former United States Army soldier who had recently 1171:, granting them the technical ability to perform certain special actions. In particular, editors can choose to run for " 24712: 23559: 22547: 21504: 20813: 20663: 19312: 19282: 18891: 17806: 17065: 17031: 13457: 12903: 12813: 11273: 10813: 10691: 9160: 7431: 5841: 3250:

demand. In July 2002 (Phase III), Knowledge shifted to the third-generation software, MediaWiki, originally written by

17112: 15033: 14417: 11298: 8659: 7394:"Phantom authority, self-selective recruitment and retention of members in virtual communities: The case of Knowledge" 6563: 4739:

in 1999. The h2g2 encyclopedia is relatively lighthearted, focusing on articles which are both witty and informative.

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on International Cooperation. Speaking at the Asturian Parliament in Oviedo, the city that hosts the awards ceremony,

22109: 22017: 16966: 16070: 15306: 14939: 14194: 11943:. Republic and Canton of Geneva, CHE: International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee. pp. 717–721. 10908: 9776: 9694: 9283: 5013: 4966: 2890: 2331: 2215: 1231: 1111: 999: 783:

As of January 2023, 55,791 English Knowledge articles have been cited 92,300 times in scholarly journals, from which

21800: 19742: 19183: 18720: 18402: 16634: 14685: 13237: 11681: 8583: 6487: 3573:, which began to display Knowledge content in a mobile-device-friendly format before Knowledge itself did. Some web 3432: 2795: 2199: 692:

a month, "according to the ratings firm comScore". As of March 2023, it ranked 6th in popularity, according to

24753: 24294: 23949: 22728: 22621: 20890: 20839: 20509: 20255: 19217: 18947: 15462:[Princess of Asturias Award of International Cooperation 2015] (in Spanish). Fundación Princesa de Asturias 15206: 14828: 12724: 10420:

Yasseri, Taha; Sumi, Robert; Rung, András; Kornai, András; Kertész, János (June 20, 2012). Szolnoki, Attila (ed.).

9075: 7940: 7605: 5961:. WikiSym '09: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration. ACM. pp. 1–10. 3168:

community), and user groups. These affiliates participate in the promotion, development, and funding of Knowledge.

2762: 2181: 1077:, where the majority of Knowledge's servers are located. By using the site, one agrees to the Wikimedia Foundation 926: 20744: 18302: 14611: 13111: 10284: 8066:

Ziembowicz, Karolina; Roszczyńska-Kurasińska, Magdalena; Rychwalska, Agnieszka; Nowak, Andrzej (October 3, 2022).

3226:(GPL) and it is used by all Wikimedia projects, as well as many other wiki projects. Originally, Knowledge ran on 1333:

contributions to Knowledge and that the project is therefore "much like any traditional organization". In 2008, a

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Through its "Knowledge Loves Libraries" program, Knowledge has partnered with major public libraries such as the

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According to the rules on the English Knowledge community, each entry in Knowledge must be about a topic that is

967: 918: 21880: 18858: 18160: 12677: 12245: 12133: 11880: 11161: 10965: 10563: 10499: 8028: 7111: 719:. More than 162 million people viewed the blackout explanation page that temporarily replaced its content. 25100: 25080: 22488: 22317: 22000: 19369: 17926: 17890: 17878: 11628: 11222: 9784: 9418: 7701: 7436:

Proceedings of the 8th Annual Collaboration, Electronic messaging, Anti-Abuse and Spam Conference on – CEAS '11

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to expand its coverage of underrepresented subjects and articles. A 2011 study conducted by researchers at the

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Kittur, Aniket (2007). "Power of the Few vs. Wisdom of the Crowd: Knowledge and the Rise of the Bourgeoisie".

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raised a parliamentary question with the minister of cultural resources and activities about the necessity of

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On January 18, 2023, Knowledge debuted a new website redesign, called "Vector 2022". It featured a redesigned

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CIKM '08: Proceedings of the seventeenth ACM conference on Conference on information and knowledge management

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active editors. An editor is considered active if they have made one or more edits in the past 30 days.

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Luyt, Brendan (January 1, 2020). "A new kind of travel guide or more of the same? Wikivoyage and Cambodia".

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Knowledge's commitment to anonymity/pseudonymity thus imposes a sort of epistemic agnosticism on its readers

6956: 6443: 1414:, gave college credit to students who create or edit an article relating to women in science or technology. 24545: 24209: 23999: 23920: 22803: 22788: 22194: 21805: 19514: 18455: 18386: 18108: 17666: 17472: 16275:

CIKM '07: Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM conference on Conference on information and knowledge management

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to support various operations. One of the most important areas is the automatic detection of vandalism and

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Internet and American Life project found that one third of US Internet users consulted Knowledge. In 2011,

3808: 2567: 2475: 1168: 1039: 372: 24694: 20714: 18015: 10677: 8415:"How Did They Build the 💕? A Literature Review of Collaboration and Coordination among Knowledge Editors" 6030: 3653:" of its contents, but these are text-only; as of 2023, there is no dump available of Knowledge's images. 2246:

journal concluded that as a resource about controversial topics, Knowledge is subject to manipulation and

25115: 24823: 24682: 24481: 24143: 23941: 23637: 22757: 22559: 22352: 22061: 20852:, originally broadcast January 15, 2014. The webpage includes a link to the archived audio program (also 20825: 19982: 19696: 18276: 17569: 16866: 16579: 16524: 15795: 15697: 11881:"Let's Leave the Bias to the Mainstream Media: A Knowledge Community Fighting for Information Neutrality" 11569: 11304: 10540: 5836: 4723:

Several free-content, collaborative encyclopedias were created around the same period as Knowledge (e.g.

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principle regarding the security of its content, meaning that it waits until a problem arises to fix it.

640:

The number of active English Knowledge editors has since remained steady after a long period of decline.

637:

magazine, Katherine Ward stated, "Knowledge, the sixth-most-used website, is facing an internal crisis."

404: 206: 201: 20088: 20059: 19595: 17295: 16325:(October 2008). "Proceeding of the 17th ACM conference on Information and knowledge mining – CIKM '08". 15116: 14093: 13569: 11214: 9101: 5864: 5392: 5045:

Revisions with libelous content, criminal threats, or copyright infringements may be removed completely.

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The Knowledge Library is a resource for Knowledge editors which provides free access to a wide range of

494:, editor-in-chief for Nupedia and later Knowledge. Nupedia was initially licensed under its own Nupedia 24479: 23868: 21560: 21178: 21134:

Proceedings of the 2007 international ACM conference on Conference on supporting group work – Group '07

19503: 17636: 17273: 17215: 16381: 16075: 14944: 14002: 12943:"Wikimedia rolls out WYSIWYG visual editor for logged-in users accessing Knowledge articles in English" 10597:"Evidence suggests Knowledge is accurate and reliable. When are we going to start taking it seriously?" 10237: 7635: 7217: 4308: 4240: 4037:

One of the first times Knowledge was involved in a governmental affair was on September 28, 2007, when

3748: 3501: 3341:. Requests that cannot be served from the Varnish cache are sent to load-balancing servers running the 3223: 3161: 3059: 2563: 2439:, summarizing that "...turning our back on such an extraordinary resource is... well, a little petty." 2258: 1172: 841: 608: 39: 20698: 18542: 16939: 13961: 13490:"The Knowledge Library : the biggest encyclopedia needs a digital library and we are building it" 12148: 10316: 9879:"From Anarchy to Wikiality, Glaring Bias to Good Cop: Press Coverage of Knowledge's First Two Decades" 7799:

Suh, Bongwon; Convertino, Gregorio; Chi, Ed H.; Pirolli, Peter (2009). "The singularity is not near".

7310:"Peer Produced Friction: How Page Protection on Knowledge Affects Editor Engagement and Concentration" 4521: 2342: 2126:

Estimation of contributions shares from different regions in the world to different Knowledge editions

648: 24743: 24676: 23476: 23405: 22964: 22626: 22046: 21711: 18068: 14364:

Knowledge has emerged as a site that continues to increase in popularity, both globally and in the US

13671: 13541: 11061: 10601: 9723:""You Just Type in What You Are Looking For": Undergraduates' Use of Library Resources vs. Knowledge" 9250: 8791: 8629: 8368: 8067: 7572: 7438:. 8th Annual Collaboration, Electronic Messaging, Anti-Abuse, and Spam Conference. pp. 152–161. 4617: 4601: 4585: 4239:, which recognizes exceptional contributions to culture, society or social sciences, and the Spanish 4129: 4000: 3964:

Knowledge's content has also been used in academic studies, books, conferences, and court cases. The

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as substantially in contrast to statistics for Knowledge in other languages (non-English Knowledge).

1983: 1721: 1544: 1203: 596: 21298: 21142: 21063: 21026: 20115: 18572: 16773: 16343: 15819: 15008: 13893: 13008: 11075: 8896: 8858: 8824: 7758: 7567: 7444: 7362: 6090: 2928:. That law bans photographic child pornography and cartoon images and drawings of children that are 24728: 24505: 23202: 23197: 22866: 22248: 22235: 22099: 22056: 22010: 21995: 18466: 17952: 17941: 17852: 17525:"Knowledge Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront" 16146: 15028: 13607: 9351: 7489:

Viégas, Fernanda B.; Wattenberg, Martin; Dave, Kushal (2004). "The palm zire 71 camera interface".

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triumphing over emotions, a trend which he considers "endangered" due to the "gradual shift from a

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Obtaining the full contents of Knowledge for reuse presents challenges, since direct cloning via a

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Wikipedias. The second and fifth-largest Wikipedias owe their position to the article-creating bot

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as creating a competitive and conflict-based editing culture associated with traditional masculine

921:, an anonymous editor introduced false information into the biography of American political figure 836: 631:

reported that the number of administrators was also in decline. In the November 25, 2013, issue of

400: 384: 247: 17: 17083: 16999: 10320: 9722: 8489: 7939:

Smirnov, Ivan; Oprea, Camelia; Strohmaier, Markus (December 1, 2023). Ognyanova, Katherine (ed.).

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About 47 percent of Knowledge readers do not realize that Knowledge is a non-profit organization.

3257:

Several MediaWiki extensions are installed to extend the functionality of the MediaWiki software.

2941:, noticed that many of the pornographic images deleted from Knowledge since 2010 have reappeared. 24618: 24535: 24284: 23783: 23501: 23315: 22153: 21970: 21936: 21825: 21467: 21444: 20600: 20553: 17902: 17036: 16116: 15407: 15048: 14863: 12808: 11682:"Knowledge row escalates as internet watchdog considers censoring Amazon US over Scorpions image" 10931: 10808: 10142: 8393:(August 9, 2011). "For inclusive mission, Knowledge is told that written word goes only so far". 7997: 7909: 6180: 4731:). One of the most successful early online encyclopedias incorporating entries by the public was 4663: 4542: 4092: 3914: 3600:, is a free selection from Knowledge designed for education towards children eight to seventeen. 3398: 3346:

until invalidated, allowing page rendering to be skipped entirely for most common page accesses.

2929: 2821: 2716: 2705: 2254: 1277: – an annual conference for users of Knowledge and other projects operated by the 1187: 613: 408: 20933: 20799: 20644:"Gatekeeper of D.C.'s entry: Road to city's Knowledge page goes through a DuPont Circle bedroom" 20234: 18746: 12768:"Wikimedia's approach to coronavirus: Staffers can work 20 hours a week, get paid for full time" 12643: 11941:

Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web Companion – WWW '17 Companion

10354: 10030:

Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web Companion – WWW '17 Companion

8029:"The colonization of Knowledge: evidence from characteristic editing behaviors of warring camps" 7525: 6926: 5921: 5454: 4766:. The latter was started by Sanger in an attempt to create a reliable alternative to Knowledge. 4329:, played on the perception that Knowledge is an unreliable reference tool with a scene in which 2513:" These issues, among others, had been parodied since the first decade of Knowledge, notably by 2213:

described Knowledge as being a mixture of "truth, half-truth, and some falsehoods". Articles in

24567: 24199: 23979: 23663: 23481: 23217: 22851: 22148: 22075: 21987: 21916: 21564: 21293: 21137: 21058: 21039: 20297: 20120: 19408:"2019 to 2020 Annual Report – Statement of Activities – Audited (July 1, 2019 – June 30, 2020)" 18981: 18913: 18780:"Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees welcomes Katherine Maher as interim Executive Director" 18606: 17827: 16768: 16714:

WWW '17 Companion: Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web Companion

16500: 16338: 15053: 13888: 12388: 11745: 11070: 10994: 9529: 8891: 7753: 7664: 7562: 7439: 6057: 5777: 4534: 3638:

is a dedicated reader device that contains an offline copy of Knowledge, which was launched by

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in fact, the most active 2%, which is 1400 people, have done 73.4% of all the edits." However,

1011: 936: 890: 771:

project launched last year may be gobbling up Knowledge users." When contacted on this matter,

708: 704: 376: 346: 265: 24995: 21020: 20853: 19125: 17238: 16690: 15437: 14776: 13337: 12711: 8732: 8705: 8266: 8068:"Predicting conflict-prone disputes using the structure of turn-taking: the case of Knowledge" 7668: 7430:

West, Andrew G.; Chang, Jian; Venkatasubramanian, Krishna; Sokolsky, Oleg; Lee, Insup (2011).

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Distribution of the 63,737,987 articles in different language editions (as of October 1, 2024)

601: 25095: 24978: 24539: 24392: 24117: 24065: 23878: 23042: 22272: 19079: 18004: 17406: 16436: 15734: 15381: 14790: 9523: 8188: 7835: 6293: 5808: 5590:"Meet the Knowledge editor who published the Buffalo shooting entry minutes after it started" 4605: 3790: 3781: 3459: 3338: 3044:. Her exclusion from Knowledge led to accusations of sexism, but Corinne Purtill writing for 2747: 940: 908: 620: 21552: 20353: 19474: 18242: 17596: 17334: 14033: 13328:. Academy for Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference in Entrepreneurship, 11053: 10632: 8746: 7180: 6725: 6585:

Loveland, Jeff; Reagle, Joseph (January 15, 2013). "Knowledge and encyclopedic production".

6056: 5426: 4620:. Methods similar to wikification can in turn be used to find "missing" links in Knowledge. 3369:

operating system. By January 22, 2013, Knowledge had migrated its primary data center to an

1704:

In addition to the top six, twelve other Wikipedias have more than a million articles each (

929:. It remained uncorrected for four months. Seigenthaler, the founding editorial director of 25090: 24944: 24632: 24384: 24127: 23915: 23873: 23773: 23575: 23385: 23295: 23172: 23142: 23052: 23004: 22989: 22778: 22631: 22503: 22478: 22405: 22381: 22367: 22225: 22184: 21960: 21614:

The Knowledge Revolution: How a Bunch of Nobodies Created the World's Greatest Encyclopedia

21385: 21285: 20967: 20595: 20447: 20417: 20388: 20275: 20230: 20200: 20158: 20067: 20032: 20003: 19962: 19932: 19903: 19869: 19839: 19772: 19637: 19603: 19568: 19534: 19447: 19412: 19377: 19342: 19248: 19213: 19179: 19156: 19087: 19021: 19016: 18989: 18921: 18821: 18787: 18715: 18680: 18614: 18580: 18516: 18361: 18327: 18215: 17867: 17800: 17767: 17734: 17703: 17680: 17529: 17446: 17157: 16598: 16543: 15729: 15702: 15625: 14798: 14724: 12682: 12616: 11989: 10443: 10285:"Knowledge science 31% more cronky than Britannica's Excellent for Klingon science, though" 10182: 10164: 10090: 9934:"Inside Knowledge's leftist bias: socialism pages whitewashed, communist atrocities buried" 9655: 9475: 8750: 5271: 4848: 4752: 4712: 4449: 4320: 4195: 4133: 3965: 3938: 3654: 3421: 3342: 3094: 3077: 3046: 2933: 2869: 2053: 2023: 1761: 1749: 1737: 1614: 1584: 1362: 1278: 1242: 1207: 963: 604:"—topics that clearly merit an article—have already been created and built up extensively. 424: 364:

edits per second on average) as of April 2024. In July 2024, over 25% of Knowledge's

342: 135: 23435: 21836: 21821:"Knowledge's Old-Fashioned Revolution: The online encyclopedia is fast becoming the best." 19764: 16767:. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 4956. Glasgow: Springer. pp. 663–668. 16465:"Harvard is only the 3rd most influential university in the world, according to this list" 14260: 14228:"The Wikimedia Foundation Turns On HTTPS By Default Across All Sites, Including Knowledge" 9839: 6988: 411:

by some national governments, ranging from specific pages to the entire site. Articles on

8: 24829: 24511: 24423: 24025: 23642: 23596: 23506: 23350: 23280: 23275: 23182: 23177: 23137: 23097: 23072: 23062: 23027: 22999: 22859: 22751: 22708: 22641: 22257: 22220: 22085: 20751: 19995: 18779: 18641:"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. – Consolidated Financial Statements – June 30, 2022 and 2021" 18193: 18181: 18141: 18129: 17647: 17625: 16522:

Lages, J.; Patt, A.; Shepelyansky, D. (2016). "Knowledge ranking of world universities".

15240: 15147: 15089: 14575: 14199: 13319: 12772: 11254: 6215: 5656:"The contribution conundrum: Why did Knowledge succeed while other encyclopedias failed?" 5500: 4901: 4558: 4404: 4154: 4128:" and contrasted its existence as a text-based source of knowledge with social media and 4045: 4022: 3869: 3838: 3215: 2550: 2388: 2326: 2195: 2013: 1773: 1733: 1574: 1354: 1254: 799: 633: 560: 302: 294: 106: 24644: 21389: 21289: 20971: 20439: 16602: 16547: 14531: 14348:"694 Million People Currently Use the Internet Worldwide According To comScore Networks" 12028:"Knowledge and Political Science: Addressing Systematic Biases with Student Initiatives" 11993: 10447: 10186: 10094: 9479: 7973: 7147:

The Future of the Internet and How to Stop It – Chapter 6: The Lessons of Knowledge

5455:"Helping People Better Assess the Stories They See in News Feed with the Context Button" 4655:

study suggests that words used on Knowledge articles end up in scientific publications.

4639:

published a global university ranking based on Knowledge scholarly citations. They used

3794:

claims the bureaucratic structure and rules are a factor in this. Simonite alleges some

3029:

have been held to encourage female editors and increase the coverage of women's topics.

2653:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

736:; and, in July 2015, 106 of the 7,473 700-page volumes of Knowledge became available as 689: 535: 25065: 24771: 24529: 24517: 24122: 24107: 23973: 23863: 23845: 23778: 23622: 23617: 23535: 23496: 23471: 23410: 23390: 23375: 23345: 23325: 23290: 23285: 23270: 23187: 23117: 23112: 23102: 23082: 23037: 23032: 22974: 22882: 22839: 22827: 22793: 22783: 22602: 22595: 22498: 22493: 22347: 22287: 22136: 21929: 21910: 21587: 21483: 21408: 21367: 21350: 21321: 21275: 21165: 21078: 21048: 20990: 20957: 20945: 20844: 19954: 18055: 17438: 16875: 16721: 16678: 16614: 16588: 16559: 16533: 15964: 15629: 15316: 15302: 15275: 14764: 14690: 14616: 14388: 14351: 13906: 13737:"Reference.com Expands Content by Adding Knowledge Encyclopedia to Search Capabilities" 13644: 13638: 13181: 12736: 12094: 12049: 12005: 11962: 11525: 11519: 11325: 11088: 10988: 10466: 10433: 10421: 10106: 9851: 9607: 9498: 9465: 9451: 9447: 9067: 8651: 8254: 8236: 8228: 7941:"Toxic comments are associated with reduced activity of volunteer editors on Knowledge" 7890: 7781: 7517: 6610: 6525: 5915: 5219: 4775: 4728: 4692: 4562: 4453: 4325: 4274: 4248: 4117: 3974: 3948: 3683: 3582: 3577:

make special use of Knowledge content when displaying search results: examples include

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there is "evidence of growing resistance from the Knowledge community to new content".

1346: 762: 754: 732: 680: 670: 578: 353: 306: 20573: 17979: 16635:"Knowledge has become a science reference source even though scientists don't cite it" 15358: 12612:"Knowledge rejected an entry on a Nobel Prize winner because she wasn't famous enough" 12422:"Gericht weist einstweilige Verfügung gegen Wikimedia Deutschland ab [Update]" 12322: 11130: 10398: 9895: 7044: 7014: 4500: 3696:

Knowledge's original medium was for users to read and edit content using any standard

3688: 814: 445: 24778: 24700: 24561: 24274: 24102: 23898: 23795: 23678: 23627: 23491: 23486: 23466: 23445: 23440: 23425: 23420: 23395: 23380: 23365: 23355: 23340: 23335: 23330: 23310: 23300: 23237: 23212: 23192: 23167: 23107: 23077: 23067: 23057: 22994: 22979: 22969: 22959: 22938: 22928: 22902: 22897: 22307: 22292: 22262: 21816: 21774: 21740: 21715: 21683: 21658: 21639: 21618: 21594: 21568: 21553: 21534: 21510: 21489: 21450: 21413: 21354: 21233: 21223: 21155: 21108: 21016: 20995: 20903: 20504: 20468: 20331: 19831: 19671: 19526: 18168: 18116: 17188: 16841: 16786: 16739: 16686: 16404: 16356: 16294: 15968: 15916: 15906: 15902: 15877: 15869: 15851: 15324: 14791:"An Act respecting certain aspects of legal capacity for marriage for civil purposes" 14772: 14768: 14621: 14580: 14539: 14500: 14453: 13935: 13758: 13489: 13387: 13383: 13333: 13265: 13229: 13219: 12911: 12740: 12400: 12098: 12084: 12053: 12009: 11952: 11902: 11530: 11451: 11411: 11369: 11329: 11259: 10998: 10471: 10216: 10200: 10110: 10041: 9967:"Knowledge co-founder says site is now 'propaganda' for left-leaning 'establishment'" 9900: 9503: 9152: 8728: 8701: 8641: 8434: 8342: 8303: 8262: 8165: 8122: 8087: 8048: 7978: 7960: 7894: 7843: 7814: 7771: 7639: 7507: 7457: 7329: 7151: 7145: 7141: 6667: 6602: 6377: 5970: 5925: 5717: 4469: 4443: 4038: 3969: 3904: 3864: 3537: 3374: 3299: 2932:. Sanger also expressed concerns about access to the images on Knowledge in schools. 2909: 2697: 2612:

to offer medical school courses to medical students for learning to edit and improve

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are often accessed as sources for frequently updated information about those events.

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Woods, Dan; Theony, Peter (2007). "3: The Thousand Problem-Solving Faces of Wikis".

13962:"The paradox of expertise: is the Knowledge Reference Desk as good as your library?" 13910: 12841:"Media: Open-Source Software Specialist Selected as Executive Director of Knowledge" 12212:"Knowledge denies child abuse allegations: Co-founder grassed the outfit to the FBI" 11966: 11092: 10872: 8987: 8258: 8233:

The Most Controversial Topics in Knowledge: A Multilingual and Geographical Analysis

7521: 6614: 6174: 5523:"Russia threatens to fine Knowledge if it doesn't remove some details about the war" 4783: 4221: 1124: 24428: 24397: 24344: 23984: 23888: 23883: 23718: 23683: 23612: 23430: 23415: 23360: 23305: 23207: 23152: 23147: 23127: 23092: 23047: 22984: 22954: 22923: 22918: 22773: 22589: 22282: 22230: 22215: 22035: 21889: 21864: 21841: 21832: 21766: 21763:

Should You Believe Knowledge?: Online Communities and the Construction of Knowledge

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CHI '07: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

8692:

Hoffman, David A.; Mehra, Salil K. (March 5, 2009). "Wikitruth Through Wikiorder".

8633: 8588: 8426: 8334: 8293: 8246: 8155: 8114: 8079: 8040: 8009: 7968: 7952: 7921: 7882: 7804: 7785: 7763: 7499: 7449: 7406: 7321: 6827: 6594: 6142: 5962: 5955:

Suh, Bongwon; Convertino, Gregorio; Chi, Ed H.; Pirolli, Peter (October 25, 2009).

5709: 5421: 4981: 4916: 4871: 4803: 4659: 4553: 4547: 4526: 4229: 4210: 4112: 4081: 3909: 3874: 3529: 3358: 3165: 3150: 3097:, a non-profit organization which also operates Knowledge-related projects such as 3033: 2979: 2971: 2886: 2352: 2265: 2043: 1973: 1913: 1903: 1769: 1745: 1717: 1670: 1666: 1604: 1534: 1474: 1464: 1411: 1384: 1078: 874: 849: 723: 503: 21905: 20036: 12001: 11321: 10720: 10690:

an expert on social media a doctoral student in the School of Information at the

10321:

Fatally Flawed: Refuting the recent study on encyclopedic accuracy by the journal

10102: 8323:"Analyzing Knowledge Deletion Debates with a Group Decision-Making Forecast Model" 8083: 6136: 3734:

Access to Knowledge from mobile phones was possible as early as 2004, through the

3666:, the quality of the Knowledge reference desk is comparable to a standard library 3041: 24857: 24817: 24670: 24523: 24433: 24234: 23723: 23521: 23516: 23400: 23320: 23252: 23247: 23227: 23222: 23162: 23157: 23132: 23122: 23087: 23009: 22933: 22768: 22297: 22067: 21796: 21633: 21548: 21527: 21398: 21082: 20980: 20788: 20772: 20738: 20693: 20409: 18968: 17079: 16911: 16782: 16610: 16555: 16081: 15924: 15671: 15202: 14892:. Federation of American Scientists Project on Government Secrecy. Archived from 13902: 11280: 10894: 10456: 10068: 9747: 9488: 8106: 8027:

Morris-O'Connor, Danielle A.; Strotmann, Andreas; Zhao, Dangzhi (April 4, 2023).

8013: 7925: 6694: 5956: 5192: 4789: 4687: 4422: 4389: 4269: 4041: 4008: 3957: 3701: 3604: 3219: 3136: 3086: 2514: 2506: 2033: 1933: 1741: 1694: 1678: 1594: 1494: 899: 823: 784: 768: 737: 196: 24636: 24606: 19720: 12576:"High Museum to host virtual Knowledge edit-a-thon to boost entries about women" 11030: 9650: 9013: 7956: 7081:"Knowledge gets a facelift after 10 years: A look at new interface and features" 6210:"Knowledge's Jimmy Wales denies site is 'losing' thousands of volunteer editors" 3917:

was different from other major websites, opining, "Unless Twitter, Facebook and

1222:

in the presence of disagreement, a role played by the clerk in Quaker meetings.

24927: 24640: 24584: 24580: 24557: 24018: 23703: 23693: 23673: 23632: 23511: 23450: 23370: 23242: 23232: 22677: 22646: 22410: 22332: 22322: 22119: 21363: 21245: 20919:"Military History on the Electronic Frontier: Knowledge Fights the War of 1812" 20829: 19112: 16890: 16861: 16807: 16709: 16382:"Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Link discovery – LinkKDD '05" 15864: 15082:"Plagiarizing Knowledge Is Still Plagiarism, at BuzzFeed or the New York Times" 13599: 13215: 13078: 12447: 12361: 10771: 10637: 8298: 8281: 8160: 8143: 8065: 6961: 5804:"Wikipediots: Who Are These Devoted, Even Obsessive Contributors to Knowledge?" 5623:"Fastest 'was' in the West: Inside Knowledge's race to cover the queen's death" 5496:"Conspiracy videos? Fake news? Enter Knowledge, the 'good cop' of the Internet" 5459: 4856: 4843: 4743: 4696: 4613: 4577: 4448:

Knowledge has spawned several sister projects, which are also wikis run by the

4384: 3812: 3770: 3667: 3612: 3578: 3487:

When the project was started in 2001, all text in Knowledge was covered by the

3463: 3288: 2963: 2938: 2853: 2681: 2542: 2489: 2479: 2444: 2409: 2395:, 42 or 4 × 10 articles compared, vs >10 and >10 set sizes for 2242: 2202:, which includes more than fifty policies and nearly 150,000 words as of 2014. 2088: 1306: 1082: 972: 712: 668:

Networks. With 42.9 million unique visitors, it was ranked #9, surpassing

318: 74: 66: 24551: 23728: 22312: 21730: 21237: 20526: 19817: 16041:"Encyclopedia Britannica Dies At The Hands Of Knowledge [Infographic]" 15920: 15357:. The International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences. 2004. Archived from 13980: 13744: 12732: 12396: 12044: 12027: 11593:"Pakistan blocks YouTube a day after shutdown of Facebook over Muhammad issue" 9998: 7886: 7801:

Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration

4468:, a collection of collaboratively written free textbooks and annotated texts, 4414:

uncovered and that he could never have written his last two books without it.

4217: 3713: 2537:

Some university lecturers discourage students from citing any encyclopedia in

1056: 861: 30:

This article is about the online encyclopedia. For Knowledge's home page, see

25059: 24600: 24596: 24184: 24112: 24086: 24070: 24060: 23840: 23743: 23708: 23668: 22808: 22526: 22357: 22327: 22302: 22277: 22114: 21346: 21125: 20900:

Knowledge U: Knowledge, authority, and a liberal education in the digital age

20849: 20719: 20671: 20578: 16845: 16322: 16263: 16238: 15995: 15873: 15328: 15320: 14625: 14584: 14543: 14504: 14457: 13939: 13233: 13013: 12947: 12915: 11906: 11534: 11455: 11415: 11373: 9971: 8438: 8346: 8307: 8169: 8091: 8052: 7964: 7847: 7767: 7333: 6860: 6606: 6598: 6381: 5721: 5386: 5157: 5097: 4838: 4736: 4334: 4236: 4225: 4186: 4066: 3692:

A mobile version showing the English Knowledge's Main Page, on August 3, 2019

3574: 3562: 3497: 3403: 3265: 3243: 3242:

engine with a MySQL database; this software was custom-made for Knowledge by

3191: 3187: 3113: 2975: 2881: 2617: 2616:, as well as internal quality control programs within Knowledge organized by 2290: 2226: 2206: 2155: 1389: 1214:

argue that the approaches to consensus building are similar to those used by

730:, was named after Knowledge; in October 2014, Knowledge was honored with the 550: 412: 25012: 24796: 21366:; Steinberg, Ryan M.; Mietchen, Daniel; Wass, Joseph L.; Dong, Ting (2017). 21151: 20946:"Circadian Patterns of Knowledge Editorial Activity: A Demographic Analysis" 20944:

Yasseri, Taha; Sumi, Robert; Kertész, János (2012). Szolnoki, Attila (ed.).

19439: 18883: 17662: 17660: 17116: 17026: 16735: 16400: 16389:

LinkKDD '05: Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Link discovery

16352: 16290: 12803: 12080: 12075:. WWW '20. New York: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 806–810. 11948: 11084: 10802: 10037: 9452:"Circadian Patterns of Knowledge Editorial Activity: A Demographic Analysis" 9132: 9131:

Amichai-Hamburger, Yair; Lamdan, Naama; Madiel, Rinat; Hayat, Tsahi (2008).

8118: 8044: 7809: 7453: 6792:"You can soon buy a 7,471-volume printed version of Knowledge for $ 500,000" 5966: 5713: 4746:

websites have drawn inspiration from Knowledge. Others use more traditional

4616:

problem, which is then called "wikification", and to the related problem of

4484:, is a catalog of all species, but is not open for public editing. In 2012, 4073: 3475:"Accessing Knowledge" redirects here. For our accessibility guidelines, see 3349: 2794:

titled "The Decline of Knowledge" discussed the effect of systemic bias and

1127:

and is not a dictionary entry or dictionary-style. A topic should also meet

24839: 24759: 24666: 24349: 24304: 24279: 24269: 24264: 24249: 24239: 24169: 23966: 23893: 23733: 23713: 22430: 22337: 22163: 22142: 21894: 21582: 21417: 21124:

Priedhorsky; Reid; Chen, Jilin; Shyong (Tony) K. Lam; Panciera, Katherine;

20999: 20625: 20616: 19130: 18751: 18742: 18398: 17964: 17473:"Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report – Knowledge Page Views Per Country" 17004: 16184: 15928: 15896: 15881: 15683: 15654: 15621: 15040: 14924: 14133: 14057:"Knowledge plans to expand mobile access around the globe with new funding" 13709: 13521: 13116: 12483: 12424:[Court rejects preliminary injunction against Wikimedia Germany ]. 12153: 11852: 11686: 11364: 10628: 10475: 10289: 10204: 9507: 9156: 8922: 8796: 8761: 8655: 8623: 8555: 8452: 8224: 7982: 7696: 7549: 7250: 6634: 6553: 5869: 5865:"Read me first: Knowledge isn't about human potential, whatever Wales says" 5333: 5241: 4758: 4667: 4581: 4505: 4353: 3918: 3627: 3593: 3525: 3426: 3415: 3294: 3276: 3211: 2873: 2857: 2738: 2599: 2425: 2285: 2108: 1657:). As of October 2024, the six largest, in order of article count, are the 1339: 1326: 1238: 959: 741: 627: 565: 495: 491: 468: 396: 392: 338: 298: 291: 156: 24961: 24494: 21770: 21317: 21308: 21263: 21195: 21073: 21034: 20151:"Building for the future of Wikimedia with a new approach to partnerships" 19305:"⚓ T282787 Configure dns and puppet repositories for new drmrs datacenter" 14972: 14949: 13505: 13209: 12068: 11936: 10898: 10254: 9543: 9148: 8719:

Hoffman, David A.; Mehra, Salil K. (2009). "Wikitruth through Wikiorder".

7503: 7411: 7308:

Ajmani, Leah; Vincent, Nicholas; Chancellor, Stevie (September 28, 2023).

4311:) is shown relying on a hypothetical Knowledge article for information on 3202:

database system. The software incorporates programming features such as a

3036:

due to lack of coverage in the media. Five months later, Strickland won a

1274: 1026: 1010:"Five pillars of Knowledge" redirects here. For the Knowledge policy, see 595:

encyclopedia in 2006; by 2013 that average was roughly 800. A team at the

24706: 24658: 24628: 24612: 24369: 24289: 24179: 24164: 23910: 23830: 23820: 23698: 23688: 23647: 22362: 22267: 22189: 22179: 22158: 21440: 20861: 20093: 19750: 18955: 18412: 18407: 17657: 16811: 16716:. International Conference on World Wide Web Companion. Perth; New York: 16674: 16469: 16178:

Should traditional biography be buried alongside Shakespeare's breakfast?

15756: 15667: 14760: 14261:"Facebook fights fake news with author info, rolls out publisher context" 12429: 10736:"Knowledge Founder Says Internet Users Are Adrift In The 'Fake News' Era" 9810: 9646: 8414: 8322: 8250: 7309: 5911: 4763: 4747: 4724: 4597: 4566: 4508:

chapter at the 2013 DC Wikimedia annual meeting standing in front of the

4481: 4477: 4397: 4370: 4338: 4333:

reacts to a patient who says that a Knowledge article indicates that the

4312: 4244: 4199: 4147: 4137: 4103:) in its report called Knowledge "the best-known example of crowdsourcing 4077: 3988: 3926: 3878:

gave Knowledge a valuation of $ 4 billion if it ran advertisements.

3697: 3646: 3566: 3558: 3026: 2889:—features a picture of the album's original cover, which depicts a naked 2861: 2842: 2786:(when a certain POV is over-represented in an article or by references). 2456: 2420: 2237: 2233: 2210: 1698: 1406:

Knowledge contributors. Similarly, many of these universities, including

1310: 1219: 1211: 988: 953: 772: 571:

Citing fears of commercial advertising and lack of control, users of the

487: 464: 365: 334: 279: 151: 24871:

Organization of Ibero-American States for Education, Science and Culture

21476:

The NPR interview with A. Keen, Weekend Edition Saturday, June 16, 2007.

21007:

Goldman, Eric (2010). "Knowledge's Labor Squeeze and its Consequences".

20877:

Knowledge's Year-End List Shows What the Internet Needed to Know in 2019

20715:"Technological Quarterly: Brain Scan: The Free-knowledge Fundamentalist" 19560: 17929:: "No one "owns" content (including articles or any page at Knowledge)." 17152: 16940:"Website discussing the emulator of the Domesday Project User Interface" 16489: 16487: 15210: 12804:"Knowledge's New Chief: From Soviet Union to World's Sixth-Largest Site" 10524: 9071: 9051: 8637: 8282:"Relating Knowledge article quality to edit behavior and link structure" 8144:"Relating Knowledge article quality to edit behavior and link structure" 6578: 4859:

list of its subtopics; for an outline of the contents of Knowledge, see

4628: 4525:, which were unable to compete with a product that is essentially free. 4341:

by retorting that the same editor who wrote that article also wrote the

3450: 2500:

and undisclosed editing issues, Knowledge was reported in an article in

2412:

that results from users' anonymity, the insertion of false information,

24662: 24652: 24354: 24314: 24224: 24194: 23835: 23815: 23790: 23748: 23544: 22798: 22682: 22131: 21608: 21219: 21129: 21123: 20125: 15024:"Express-News staffer resigns after plagiarism in column is discovered" 14859: 14657: 14486: 14265: 14232: 13633: 13452: 12835: 11514: 9524:"Manypedia: Comparing language points of view of Knowledge communities" 9246: 8390: 8142:

Ruprechter, Thorsten; Santos, Tiago; Helic, Denis (September 9, 2020).

8105:

Chhabra, Anamika; Kaur, Rishemjit; Iyengar, S. R.S. (August 25, 2020).

6663:"Knowledge: SOPA protest led eight million to look up reps in Congress" 6558: 6514: 6200: 6146: 6044: 5491: 4817: 4612:. In particular, it commonly serves as a target knowledge base for the 4485: 4457: 4418: 4393: 4141: 3943: 3833: 3795: 3785: 3777: 3705: 3635: 3586: 3318: 3307: 3227: 3098: 3022: 3017:

Knowledge was described in 2015 as harboring a battleground culture of

2955: 2917: 2685: 2605: 1415: 1366: 1322: 693: 675: 519: 483: 330: 18508: 16576: 14915:

Butler, Declan (December 16, 2008). "Publish in Knowledge or perish".

13371:

Patents, Citations, and Innovations: A Window on the Knowledge Economy

5693:"Knowledge and e-Collaboration Research: Opportunities and Challenges" 4904:, a user must make at least one edit or other action in a given month. 4681:

were found to have used Knowledge for research in the drafting of the

4576:

stated in 2013 that biography sales were dropping "far more sharply".

4464:, a collection of quotations created a week after Wikimedia launched, 4272:

has parodied or referenced Knowledge on numerous episodes of his show

3953: 3089:, the third executive director of Wikimedia, served from 2016 to 2021. 2708:

by national authorities in China and Pakistan, among other countries.

2562:, although without realizing the articles might change. In June 2007, 24364: 24359: 24334: 24319: 24299: 24244: 24229: 24214: 24189: 24174: 23925: 23905: 23810: 23805: 22199: 22104: 22041: 21736: 21679: 21673: 21188:

WikiSym '07: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Wikis

20857: 19241:"Wikimedia sites to move to primary data center in Ashburn, Virginia" 18434:

Knowledge:What Knowledge is not#Knowledge is not a paper encyclopedia

17411: 16484: 15594: 15540: 15512: 14821:"Knowledge: The Free Online Encyclopedia and its Use as Court Source" 13375: 11661: 11434: 11313: 10715: 10247:

WikiSym '07: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Wikis

9886: 9819: 8111:

Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Open Collaboration

7246:"Knowledge Has Figured Out A New Way To Stop Vandals In Their Tracks" 6730: 6621: 4716: 4465: 4461: 4409: 4375: 4330: 4286: 4280: 3972:

in the "related links" section of its "further reading" list for the

3844: 3608: 3386: 3382: 3378: 3235: 3183: 3177: 3102: 2959: 2865: 2751: 2277: 2273: 1150: 1102:

Knowledge's editors should treat each other with respect and civility

1070: 1060: 1059:, What Knowledge Teaches Us About Balancing Truth and Beliefs, 2022, 1043: 976: 931: 873:

In 2003, economics PhD student Andrea Ciffolilli argued that the low

775:, associate professor at New York University and fellow at Harvard's 745: 697: 652: 314: 31: 19629: 19048: 17729: 16836: 16815: 16105: 15484:[The founders of Knowledge highlight the Asturian version]. 14653:"Digital regulation must empower people to make the internet better" 14532:"On Knowledge, a fight is raging over coronavirus disinformation-GB" 13323: 12708: 12271:"Knowledge blasts co-founder's accusations of child porn on website" 11897: 10195: 10168: 8430: 8383: 8338: 7543: 7325: 7278: 6630:"What If the Great Knowledge 'Revolution' Was Actually a Reversion?" 4430:

level combined with seemingly desperate posts about death tolls and

3381:, France. As of February 2023, caching clusters are located in 3054:

A comprehensive 2008 survey, published in 2016, by Julia B. Bear of

2742:

in 2014 claimed that more effort went into providing references for

2122: 1649:

There are currently 334 language editions of Knowledge (also called

24835: 24407: 24374: 24254: 24219: 24055: 23825: 23800: 22687: 22435: 21555:

Psychological aspects of cyberspace: Theory, research, applications

21372: 21332: 21280: 20323: 18478: 18322: 18320: 17973: 17881:. February 13, 2008. "Knowledge does not publish original thought." 17762: 16907:"Parts of Michael Gove's levelling-up plan 'copied from Knowledge'" 16880: 16726: 16593: 16538: 15590:"'Office' fans, inspired by Michael Scott, flock to edit Knowledge" 14973:"Classlessness in America: The uses and abuses of an enduring myth" 13112:"Boot up: The Knowledge vandalism police, Apple analysts, and more" 13083: 11584: 11296:

Zou, Di; Xie, Haoran; Wang, Fu Lee; Kwan, Reggie (April 10, 2020).

10903: 10504: 9938: 9739: 9456: 8950: 8461: 8413:

Ren, Yuqing; Zhang, Haifeng; Kraut, Robert E. (February 29, 2024).

7729: 7429: 7049: 6451: 6065: 5917:

Here Comes Everybody: The Power of Organizing Without Organizations

5688: 4644: 4640: 4636: 4573: 4538: 4489: 4473: 4121: 4096: 4012:

magazine recognized Knowledge's participation (along with YouTube,

3799:

Knowledge will remain and rival encyclopedias will not replace it.

3756: 3639: 3623: 3533: 3517: 3492: 3329:

As of 2021, page requests are first passed to a front-end layer of

3246:. The Phase II software was repeatedly modified to accommodate the 3106: 3032:

In May 2018, a Knowledge editor rejected a submitted article about

2701: 2559: 2538: 2493: 2404: 2269: 2264:

Multiple news networks and pundits have accused Knowledge of being

2136: 2112: 1099:

Knowledge is free content that anyone can use, edit, and distribute

1074: 980: 791: 727: 685: 665: 545: 498:

License, but before Knowledge was founded, Nupedia switched to the

21461:(Substantial criticisms of Knowledge and other web 2.0 projects.) 21132:(2007). "Creating, destroying, and restoring value in Knowledge". 21053: 20962: 20380: 19895: 19663: 17590: 17588: 16208:"Building a Knowledge Text Corpus for Natural Language Processing" 13261:"Front-End Performance Checklist 2021 (PDF, Apple Pages, MS Word)" 12904:"Wikimedia taps leader of South African nonprofit as its next CEO" 10438: 9470: 9130: 8241: 5034: 3082: 2488:

Knowledge's open structure inherently makes it an easy target for

24718: 24402: 24329: 24324: 24309: 22703: 22672: 22667: 22398: 21875: 18813: 18391: 17084:"Knowledge founder forks Knowledge, More experts, less fiddling?" 16521: 15180: 14571:"Why Knowledge is winning against the coronavirus 'infodemic'-GB" 14491:"How Knowledge Prevents the Spread of Coronavirus Misinformation" 14325: 14295: 13783: 13676: 13146:"For This Author, 10,000 Knowledge Articles Is a Good Day's Work" 12203: 11817: 11624:"Prominent editor of Russian Knowledge pages detained in Belarus" 10340: 9124: 6966: 4865: 4530: 4431: 4362: 4120:

describes Knowledge as "one of the last remaining pillars of the

4031: 4017: 3739: 3619: 3570: 3370: 3334: 3272: 3239: 2950: 2921: 2838: 2452: 2391:), and a lack of study "statistical power" (i.e., owing to small 1215: 984: 435: 341:

on January 15, 2001, Knowledge has been hosted since 2003 by the

326: 22881: 21361: 21250:

Can History be Open Source? Knowledge and the Future of the Past

20193:"Knowledge's Evolving Impact: slideshow presentation at TED2010" 19924: 19873: 18543:"OTRS – A flexible Help Desk and IT-Service Management Software" 18317: 17695: 16943: 13639:"Knowledge May Be a Font of Facts, but It's a Desert for Photos" 13177:"MH17 Knowledge entry edited from Russian government IP address" 9352:"The startling numbers behind Africa's Knowledge knowledge gaps" 8184:"Edit Wars Reveal The 10 Most Controversial Topics on Knowledge" 8026: 7747: 7492:

CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems

7237: 6823:"A Crashed Israeli Lunar Lander Spilled Tardigrades On The Moon" 5559:"China's government has blocked Knowledge in its entirety again" 3634:. As of February 2023, it has over 101 million items. 3392: 2916:. Sanger later clarified that the images, which were related to 2579:

argued that Knowledge could be applied in the higher education "

24851: 22124: 21884: 21868:– multilingual portal (contains links to all language editions) 19334: 18207: 18025: 18023: 17585: 16369: 16063: 15675: 15460:"Premio Princesa de Asturias de Cooperación Internacional 2015" 14444:"Knowledge's Sprawling, Awe-Inspiring Coverage of the Pandemic" 14166: 13664: 9721:

Colón Aguirre, Mónica; Fleming-May, Rachel A. (November 2012).

9208: 6920: 6918: 6916: 4013: 3744: 3366: 3303: 3261: 3116:

as its second executive director, taking over for Sue Gardner.

3071: 3018: 1682: 25046: 21092:"Cultural Differences in Collaborative Authoring of Knowledge" 19080:"The alpha version of the VisualEditor is now in 15 languages" 18353: 17565: 17563: 15482:"Los fundadores de Knowledge destacan la versión en asturiano" 14742: 11802:

Strohmaier, Markus (March 6, 2017). "KAT50 Society, Culture".

10932:"Lifting Corporate Fingerprints From the Editing of Knowledge" 10923: 7384: 6444:"New Year's Resolutions Reflected in January U.S. Web Traffic" 4940: 1685:, which as of 2013 had created about half the articles on the 568:

in 1408, which had held the record for almost 600 years.

24886: 24438: 22723: 22393: 21809:, March 20, 2008. Retrieved December 17, 2008. (Book rev. of 20762:"Edits to Knowledge pages on Bell, Garner, Diallo traced to 1 19304: 19274: 17795: 17299: 16707: 16011:"After 244 Years, Encyclopaedia Britannica Stops the Presses" 15852:"Plastic-eating fungus caused doomsday[2][3]" 14783: 14612:"Knowledge and W.H.O. Join to Combat Covid-19 Misinformation" 13763: 13534: 10887: 10568: 9087: 8671: 7112:"Knowledge's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point" 4868: – multilingual, mobile interface to Knowledge 4820:, an early proposal for a collaborative Internet encyclopedia 3816: 3815:

since May 2015. This was done after Knowledge started to use

3752: 3704:. Although Knowledge content has been accessible through the 3420:

Multiple Wikimedia projects have internal news publications.

3362: 3199: 2846: 2834: 479: 70: 21921: 21090:

Pfeil, Ulrike; Zaphiris, Panayiotis; Chee Siang Ang (2006).

20840:

The Great Book of Knowledge, Part 1: A Wiki is a Kind of Bus

20527:"See Who's Editing Knowledge – Diebold, the CIA, a Campaign" 18845: 18843: 18020: 13696: 12315: 11747:

WP:Clubhouse? An Exploration of Knowledge's Gender Imbalance

11114: 11045: 10980: 9184:"The Misunderstood Personality Profile of Knowledge Members" 8745: 8584:"Inside Knowledge's Historic, Fiercely Contested "Election"" 8353: 7716: 7213:"Knowledge is twenty. It's time to start covering it better" 6913: 6014: 5453:

Hughes, Taylor; Smith, Jeff; Leavitt, Alex (April 3, 2018).

3819:

encryption, which made selective censorship more difficult.

3611:

and by three Mauritian subsidiaries of the German publisher

3310:

ranges, as occurred at the time of the shooting down of the

2974:

shut down within Germany because it stated the full name of

1369:

cannot be attributed to a particular editor with certainty.

1167:

Editors in good standing in the community can request extra

1069:

Content in Knowledge is subject to the laws (in particular,

24845: 24041: 21381: 21089: 20267: 20223:"Research: Knowledge Readership Survey 2011/Results – Meta" 18550: 17641: 17560: 17135: 16858: 16764: 16694: 14931: 13425: 12263: 10867: 10671: 8551:"3 Charts That Show How Knowledge Is Running Out of Admins" 8223: 7908:

Khazraie, Marzieh; Talebzadeh, Hossein (February 7, 2020).

6893: 6763: 6554:"Top Websites Ranking – Most Visited Websites In The World" 6323:"3 Charts That Show How Knowledge Is Running Out of Admins" 5950: 5948: 5153:"Knowledge is 20, and its reputation has never been higher" 5124: 4996: 4949: 4946: 4732: 4301:

In an April 2007 episode of the American television comedy

4190:

Wikipedians meeting after the 2015 Asturias awards ceremony

3993: 3231: 2996: 1407: 1318: 878: 749: 524: 507: 454: 310: 273: 21917:

Video of TED talk by Jimmy Wales on the birth of Knowledge

21871: 21262:

Wilkinson, Dennis M.; Huberman, Bernardo A. (April 2007).

19587: 19171: 18265: 15365: 14993: 14749:

Sharma, Raghav (February 19, 2009). "Wikipedian Justice".

12448:"Knowledge will not perform Online Safety Bill age checks" 12413: 12149:"Brit ISPs censor Knowledge over 'child porn' album cover" 11706: 11474: 11360:"Doctors' #1 Source for Healthcare Information: Knowledge" 10854: 10212:

Note: The study was cited in several news articles; e.g.:

8280:

Ruprechter, Thorsten; Santos, Tiago; Helic, Denis (2020).

6695:"Knowledge joins blackout protest at US anti-piracy moves" 6097: 4426:

on Knowledge, like discussions of changes in the articles

2816:

Reporting of child pornography images on Wikimedia Commons

1186:, such as when granting privileges to human editors. Such 818:

Differences between versions of an article are highlighted

356:

in more than 300 other languages have been developed. The

19205: 18840: 18445:

Knowledge:What Knowledge is not#Knowledge is not censored

18298: 17357: 16971: 16139: 15635: 15574: 15508:"Knowledge Celebrates 750 Years Of American Independence" 15237:

One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100)

15134: 14852: 14129:"Knowledge editors are a dying breed. The reason? Mobile" 13987: 13878: 12323:"Wikimedia pornography row deepens as Wales cedes rights" 12246:"Wikifounder reports Wikiparent to FBI over 'child porn'" 10993:(10th ed.). St. Paul, MN: Thomson Reuters. pp. 10803:"Knowledge Strengthens Rules Against Undisclosed Editing" 10740: 10621: 10309: 9251:"Define Gender Gap? Look Up Knowledge's Contributor List" 9007: 9005: 8712: 7623: 6687: 6072:

Gibbons, Austin; Vetrano, David; Biancani, Susan (2012).

5627: 5594: 5527: 4990: 4931: 4925: 4652: 3592:

Collections of Knowledge articles have been published on

3195: 1811:

Articles in the 20 largest language editions of Knowledge

1182:

Knowledge has delegated some administrative functions to

24797:

Princess of Asturias Award for International Cooperation

24010: 19553: 18962: 18380: 17676: 17674: 17257: 17113:"Knowledge Co-Founder Planning New Expert-Authored Site" 16314: 15396: 15347: 14651:

Kenton, Amanda; Humborg, Christian (November 29, 2021).

13537:"Working with Knowledge to bring history facts to light" 12709:

Julia B. Bear & Benjamin Collier (January 4, 2016).

12385:

Privacy and Philosophy: New Media and Affective Protocol

12140: 9720: 9094: 7552:"Creating, Destroying, and Restoring Value in Knowledge" 7181:"Growing Knowledge Refines Its 'Anyone Can Edit' Policy" 6172:

Fowler, Geoffrey A.; Angwin, Julia (November 27, 2009).

5958:

The singularity is not near: slowing growth of Knowledge

5945: 4026:

reported that Knowledge had become a focal point in the

1218:. A difference from Quaker meetings is the absence of a 925:

in May 2005, falsely presenting him as a suspect in the

822:

Unlike traditional encyclopedias, Knowledge follows the

19854: 18403:"Toward a New Compendium of Knowledge (longer version)" 14017: 13850:"Knowledge und Amazon: Der Marketplace soll es richten" 13109: 12678:"Sexism at Knowledge feeds off the sexism in the media" 11241: 11185:"Knowledge sucks students in with reliable information" 10315: 10032:. New York, New York, US: ACM Press. pp. 717–721. 9316:

Kessenides, Dimitra; Chafkin, Max (December 22, 2016).

7798: 7661:"Founder shares cautionary tale of libel in cyberspace" 7307: 5983: 5954: 5900:. Vol. 18 (15th ed.). 2007. pp. 257–286. 4727:), with many later being merged into the project (e.g. 2676:

Criticism of Knowledge § Systemic bias in coverage

2629: 660:

In January 2007, Knowledge first became one of the ten

24495:

Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation

22746:

The Iraq War: A Historiography of Knowledge Changelogs

19988: 18747:"Media Viewer controversy spreads to German Knowledge" 16268:"Wikify!: linking documents to encyclopedic knowledge" 13045:"Wikipedians say no to Jimmy's 'buggy' WYSIWYG editor" 12543:"In UK, rising chorus of outrage over online misogyny" 12239: 12237: 10564:"Knowledge: The Most Reliable Source on the Internet?" 10491: 9877:

Benjakob, Omer; Harrison, Stephen (October 13, 2020).

9045: 9043: 9002: 8457:"The Early History of Nupedia and Knowledge: A Memoir" 7996:

Lerner, Jürgen; Lomi, Alessandro (December 21, 2020).

7938: 7211:

Harrison, Stephen; Benjakob, Omer (January 14, 2021).

6248:"Knowledge seeks women to balance its 'geeky' editors" 6071: 5920:. The Penguin Press via Amazon Online Reader. p. 5778:"The Early History of Nupedia and Knowledge: A Memoir" 5357:"Knowledge's view of the world is written by the west" 3353:

Overview of system architecture as of August 2022

3234:

by Clifford Adams (Phase I), which initially required

2912:

contained child pornography, and were in violation of

1149:

Knowledge's initial anarchy integrated democratic and

24814:

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

24591:

United Nations Blue Berets stationed in Ex-Yugoslavia

21482:

Ayers, Phoebe; Matthews, Charles; Yates, Ben (2008).

21009:

Journal of Telecommunications and High Technology Law

19976: 18148: 17671: 17230: 15500: 12977:"Knowledge introduces new features to entice editors" 11299:"Flipped learning with Knowledge in higher education" 11015: 10657: 10419: 10141:. Associated Press. December 15, 2005. Archived from 9018:

Journal on Telecommunications and High Technology Law

8321:

Mayfield, Elijah; Black, Alan W. (November 7, 2019).

8279: 8141: 7423: 6759:"A Knowledge monument? It's true (we're pretty sure)" 5014: 4993: 4987: 4984: 4967: 4928: 4922: 4919: 3827: 3149:

Maher served as executive director until April 2021.

2799: 478:

was founded on March 9, 2000, under the ownership of

375:, extent of coverage, unique structure, and culture. 371:

Knowledge has been praised for its enablement of the

321:

in history, and is consistently ranked among the ten

21655:

Knowledge – die rationale Seite der Digitalisierung?

21485:

How Knowledge Works: And How You Can Be a Part of It

20739:"Knowledge probe into paid-for 'sockpuppet' entries" 19757: 18633: 17368: 16820:

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction

16758: 16456: 15614: 13570:"ICE Publishing partners with The Knowledge Library" 13325:

Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance

13038: 13036: 12610:

Schlanger, Zoë; Purtill, Corinne (October 2, 2018).

12302: 8843: 8327:

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction

7488: 7314:

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction

4943: 4937: 4779: 4695:

had been lifted directly from Knowledge articles on

2455:

and status as an encyclopedia. Knowledge co-founder

21732:

Knowledge @ 20: Stories of an Incomplete Revolution

21589:

The World and Knowledge: How We are Editing Reality

20249: 18711:"Press releases/WMF announces new ED Lila Tretikov" 18200: 17058:"Scholarpedia: the free peer-reviewed encyclopedia" 15143:"On Knowledge, Debating 2008 Hopefuls' Every Facet" 13705:"Dumb idea: suing Knowledge for calling you "dumb"" 13600:"Frequently Asked Questions about the GNU Licenses" 13458:"A Contributor to Knowledge Has His Fictional Side" 12797: 12795: 12234: 11840: 11397: 11395: 10768:"Inside Knowledge – Attack of the PR Industry" 10157: 9883:

Knowledge @ 20: Stories of an Incomplete Revolution

9521:Massa, Paolo; Scrinzi, Federico (January 4, 2013). 9040: 5265: 4934: 4679:

Department for Leveling Up, Housing and Communities

4298:'L.A. Law' Knowledge Page Viewed 874 Times Today". 2554:newspaper reported that a few of the professors at 2200:

criticized Knowledge's large and growing regulation

2148: 21675:Good Faith Collaboration: The Culture of Knowledge 21586: 21526: 21481: 20943: 20017: 18096: 17603:(Mailing list) (in German). Wikimedia Foundation. 17147: 17145: 16633: 16331:Conference on Information and Knowledge Management 16279:Conference on Information and Knowledge Management 16074: 15818: 15536:"'L.A. Law' Knowledge Page Viewed 874 Times Today" 15001:"Shizuoka newspaper plagiarized Knowledge article" 14092: 13816: 13637: 13456: 13421:"Wikimedia Foundation edits its board of trustees" 13144: 12975: 12839: 12710: 11518: 11482: 11441: 11404:"Can Knowledge Ever Be a Definitive Medical Text?" 11297: 10801: 9687: 9575: 9522: 9445: 9311: 9309: 9133:"Personality Characteristics of Knowledge Members" 8753:; Kriss, Jesse; van Ham, Frank (January 3, 2007). 8219: 8217: 8215: 8104: 7907: 7392: 7179: 6518: 6408: 6367: 6321: 6246: 6208: 6173: 5683: 5681: 5505: 5452: 5417:"Knowledge Is the Last Best Place on the Internet" 5391: 5162: 4460:, a dictionary project launched in December 2002, 4182:Knowledge team visiting the Parliament of Asturias 3986:reports. In December 2008, the scientific journal 3324: 3171: 2827:For Knowledge's policy concerning censorship, see 2380:effort, and suggested a "flawed study design" (in 1118: 1073:laws) of the United States and of the US state of 543:Knowledge gained early contributors from Nupedia, 325:; as of August 2024, it was ranked fourth by 34:. For the primary English-language Knowledge, see 24766:International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement 21264:"Assessing the Value of Cooperation in Knowledge" 21261: 19466: 18049: 16931: 14162:"Knowledge Disturbed Over Fresh China Censorship" 13626: 13110:Halliday, Josh; Arthur, Charles (July 26, 2012). 13033: 12025: 11810:GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences 11743: 11715:"Knowledge's Deep Dive Into a Library Collection" 10828: 10348:"Encyclopaedia Britannica and Nature: a response" 9651:"Knowledge – The Dumbing Down of World Knowledge" 9441: 9439: 9315: 8755:"Talk Before You Type: Coordination in Knowledge" 7345: 7343: 4101:One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence 3721:to mobile editing has lagged even more." In 2014 2476:Inside Knowledge – Attack of the PR Industry 1096:Knowledge is written from a neutral point of view 25057: 21521:(See book review by Baker, as listed hereafter.) 20784:Angola's Knowledge Pirates Are Exposing Problems 19596:"Wikimedia community approves license migration" 19519: 18291: 15264: 15262: 14881: 14812: 14369: 13926:"Knowledge Is Finally Asking Big Tech to Pay Up" 13809: 13367: 13294:"It's Official: Ashburn is Knowledge's New Home" 13042: 12792: 12609: 12073:Companion Proceedings of the Web Conference 2020 12026:Ackerly, Brooke A.; Michelitch, Kristin (2022). 11872: 11848:"The Guardian view on Knowledge: evolving truth" 11753:. WikiSym'2011. Mountain View, California: ACM. 11392: 11145: 10986: 10837:"Death by Knowledge: The Kenneth Lay Chronicles" 9876: 9399: 9217:"After the boom, is Knowledge heading for bust?" 9014:"Knowledge's Labor Squeeze and its Consequences" 7752:. Huntington Beach, CA: IEEE. pp. 276–287. 7599: 7597: 7595: 7593: 7210: 6282: 6280: 6278: 6276: 6274: 5856: 5086: 5084: 2820:For the government censorship of Knowledge, see 760:On January 20, 2014, Subodh Varma reporting for 21789: 20060:"Announcing the Official Knowledge Android App" 18272: 18009: 17908: 17439:"Knowledge:Modelling Knowledge extended growth" 17153:"Wikistats – Statistics For Wikimedia Projects" 17142: 16805: 15791:"'I am Chelsea': Read Manning's full statement" 14376:Rainie, Lee; Tancer, Bill (December 15, 2007). 13535:The British Newspaper Archive (July 18, 2014). 13312: 13000: 11805:Multilingual historical narratives on Knowledge 10482: 9306: 8212: 6654: 6509: 6507: 6505: 5889: 5771: 5769: 5767: 5678: 4472:, a site devoted to free-knowledge multimedia, 4235:In 2015, Knowledge was awarded both the annual 3058:'s College of Business and Benjamin Collier of 2778:. There are two broad types of bias, which are 2713:New York Public Library for the Performing Arts 2340:Articles for traditional encyclopedias such as 777:Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society 21729:Reagle, Joseph; Koerner, Jackie, eds. (2020). 21631: 18328:"List of articles every Knowledge should have" 17969:"Why Knowledge Must Jettison Its Anti-Elitism" 17376:"[long] Enciclopedia Libre: msg#00008" 16664: 16375: 12973: 12873:"Exclusive: End of the Maher era at Knowledge" 11781:"Mapping the Geographies of Knowledge Content" 11484:"Knowledge: an online encyclopedia torn apart" 11295: 10795: 10793: 9641: 9639: 9570: 9568: 9566: 9436: 9102:"Knowledge "Good Samaritans" Are on the Money" 8792:"Log on and join in, but beware the web cults" 8625:Common Knowledge?: An Ethnography of Knowledge 8617: 8615: 8613: 8611: 8516: 8419:ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 7482: 7340: 7279:"Knowledge unlocks divisive pages for editing" 6989:"Citations of Knowledge as an Online Resource" 6584: 4623:In 2015, French researchers José Lages of the 4561:" approach of Knowledge will not displace top 4437: 3271:In July 2013, after extensive beta testing, a 2872:films in its articles. It also has non-sexual 2723: 2532: 24574:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 24465: 24026: 23990:Artificial intelligence in Wikimedia projects 23560: 22867: 21937: 21728: 21707:Common Knowledge? An Ethnography of Knowledge 21180:Do as I Do: Authorial Leadership in Knowledge 20116:"Knowledge Mobile on the App Store on iTunes" 18982:"Internal search function returns to service" 17839:Knowledge:Policies and guidelines#Enforcement 17288: 16967:"The next generation of online encyclopedias" 15259: 14650: 14195:"Chinese Knowledge Blocked by Great Firewall" 14024:Hollington, Jesse David (November 30, 2008). 13672:"Knowledge cleared in French defamation case" 12934: 11879:Livingstone, Randall M. (November 23, 2010). 10955: 10953: 10702: 10276: 10239:Do as I Do: Authorial Leadership in Knowledge 10028:Hube, Christoph (2017). "Bias in Knowledge". 9777:"Knowledge experience sparks national debate" 9685: 9052:"Knowledge and the Future of Legal Education" 8412: 8367:. February 6, 2008. p. 2. Archived from 8320: 8107:"Dynamics of Edit War Sequences in Knowledge" 7590: 7045:"Yes, Knowledge looks weird. Don't freak out" 6880: 6271: 6240: 6238: 5744:"Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You" 5261: 5259: 5081: 4658:Studies related to Knowledge have been using 3409: 3393:Internal research and operational development 576: 21547: 20879:. Alyse Stanley, December 27, 2019, Gizmodo. 19370:"Wikimedia Foundation 2012–13 Annual Report" 17177: 16964: 15725:"Interview With Nick Doody and Matt Kirshen" 14375: 14159: 13368:Trajtenberg, Manuel; Jaffe, Adam B. (2002). 13072: 13070: 12828: 11930: 11928: 10488:Public Information Research, Knowledge Watch 9686:Messer-Krusse, Timothy (February 12, 2012). 9600: 9520: 9036:– via Santa Clara Law Digital Commons. 8718: 8691: 7725:"Knowledge is editorial warzone, says study" 7603: 6847: 6814: 6502: 6477: 6356:Magazine, issue of November 25, 2013, p. 18. 6171: 6106:"Knowledge falling victim to a war of words" 6023:"Edit This Page; Is it the end of Knowledge" 5764: 3968:'s website refers to Knowledge's article on 3072:Wikimedia Foundation and affiliate movements 2970:In January 2006, a German court ordered the 2205:Critics have stated that Knowledge exhibits 1804:Most edited editions of Knowledge, 2001–2020 1792:Most viewed editions of Knowledge, 2008–2020 1317:Knowledge's community has been described as 946: 684:reported that Knowledge had 18 billion 539:The Knowledge home page on December 20, 2001 21813:, by John Broughton, as listed previously.) 19832:"2008–09 Knowledge for Schools goes online" 19508: 19367: 18155:] "WikiProject Countering systemic bias"]. 17581:Knowledge:Protection policy#Full protection 17072: 16862:"Improving Knowledge verifiability with AI" 16462: 16320: 16147:"Technical solutions: Wisdom of the crowds" 15894: 15141:Vargas, Jose Antonio (September 17, 2007). 14864:"Courts Turn to Knowledge, but Selectively" 14192: 13143:Jervell, Ellen Emmerentze (July 13, 2014). 12940: 11979: 11878: 10790: 10372: 10080: 9636: 9563: 8911: 8909: 8907: 8608: 7872: 6134: 5862: 5832:"Knowledge family feud rooted in San Diego" 5687: 4153: 4145: 3899:Knowledge coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic 3443:For information for Knowledge editors, see 2982:or that of his parents was being violated. 2614:Knowledge articles on health-related issues 2558:were including Knowledge articles in their 24689:Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research 24472: 24458: 24033: 24019: 23567: 23553: 22874: 22860: 22822: 21944: 21930: 21898: 21863: 21858: 21703: 21209: 21096:Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 20642:Rosenwald, Michael S. (October 23, 2009). 20173: 19996:"Data dumps/What's available for download" 18646:. Wikimedia Foundation. October 12, 2022. 18070:Knowledge page views by language over time 17000:"The Hitchhikers Guide to the New Economy" 16937: 16631: 16463:Marmow Shaw, Jessica (December 10, 2015). 16424: 16262: 15301: 15233:"Artificial Intelligence and Life in 2030" 15079: 14710: 14610:McNeil, Donald G. Jr. (October 22, 2020). 14023: 13330:University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign 11801: 11590: 11562:"China allows access to English Knowledge" 11054:"Why You Can't Cite Knowledge in My Class" 10950: 10899:"Microsoft offers cash for Knowledge edit" 9815:"Wisdom? More like dumbness of the crowds" 9689:"The 'Undue Weight' of Truth on Knowledge" 9606: 8621: 7995: 7390: 6927:"Google eating into Knowledge page views?" 6235: 6141:(PhD thesis). Rey Juan Carlos University. 6021:Morozov, Evgeny (November–December 2009). 5795: 5268:"7 reasons you should donate to Knowledge" 5256: 4851: – guide to the subject of 4438:Sister projects – Wikimedia 4216:award of Werkstatt Deutschland along with 3536:) are shared across language editions via 3275:(What You See Is What You Get) extension, 2399:and the English Knowledge, respectively). 1752:), seven more have over 500,000 articles ( 53: 24260:Open protein structure annotation network 21652: 21524: 21502: 21407: 21397: 21307: 21297: 21279: 21141: 21107: 21072: 21062: 21052: 20989: 20979: 20961: 20641: 20025:"Wikimedia Mobile is Officially Launched" 19077: 17104: 16889: 16879: 16835: 16772: 16725: 16592: 16537: 16342: 16236: 15958: 15863: 15176:"Knowledge page the latest status symbol" 15108: 14970: 14890:"The Knowledge Factor in US Intelligence" 14887: 14340: 13892: 13481: 13067: 12305:"Knowledge rejects child porn accusation" 12181:"Knowledge rejects child porn accusation" 12043: 11925: 11896: 11712: 11266: 11074: 10893: 10696:Berkman Center for Internet & Society 10465: 10455: 10437: 10194: 9894: 9831: 9612:"The Unbearable Bureaucracy of Knowledge" 9542: 9497: 9487: 9469: 9345: 9343: 8895: 8297: 8240: 8159: 7972: 7808: 7803:. Orlando, FL: ACM Press. pp. 1–10. 7757: 7566: 7443: 7410: 7243: 7078: 6886: 6406: 6244: 5823: 5408: 5220:"Most Visited Websites in Worldwide 2024" 4701:list of largest cities throughout history 4323:", a 2007 episode of the television show 3925:announced they were freely licensing its 2728:Research conducted by Mark Graham of the 2597:On March 5, 2014, Julie Beck writing for 806:unanimously voted to revert the changes. 486:company. Its main figures were Bomis CEO 349:funded mainly by donations from readers. 317:. Knowledge is the largest and most-read 297:written and maintained by a community of 170: 25071:2001 establishments in the United States 23574: 21760: 20661: 19527:"Licensing update/Questions and Answers" 18066: 17183: 17136:Knowledge-affiliated and primary sources 17078: 16965:Frauenfelder, Mark (November 21, 2000). 16632:Brookshire, Bethany (February 5, 2018). 16493: 16069: 15820:"The obstacles to reforming our prisons" 15587: 15201: 15114: 14847:World Intellectual Property Organization 14529: 14385:Pew Internet & American Life Project 14258: 13702: 13487: 13418: 13258: 12765: 12573: 12509: 12436:from the original on September 13, 2012. 10555: 10282: 10169:"Internet encyclopedias go head to head" 9837: 8918:"Who The Hell Writes Knowledge, Anyway?" 8904: 8822: 8581: 8487: 8072:Information, Communication & Society 7722: 7658: 7629: 7604:Seigenthaler, John (November 29, 2005). 7244:Henderson, William (December 10, 2012). 7140: 7134: 7109: 6820: 6478:Carlos Perez, Juan (February 17, 2007). 6407:Mandiberg, Michael (February 23, 2020). 6286: 5863:Finkelstein, Seth (September 25, 2008). 5731:from the original on September 27, 2016. 5701:International Journal of e-Collaboration 5520: 5266:Seitz-Gruwell, Lisa (October 23, 2023). 5185: 5147: 5145: 5067:by David McHam for the legal distinction 4499: 4492:, an editable knowledge base, launched. 4185: 4177: 4072: 4050: 3980:World Intellectual Property Organization 3942: 3932: 3687: 3449: 3438: 3348: 3112:In May 2014, Wikimedia Foundation named 3081: 2885:—a 1976 album from the German rock band 2372:gave a rebuttal of the points raised by 2121: 1291: 1258: 1225: 898: 860: 839:can make changes. A 2021 article in the 813: 647: 534: 25086:Internet properties established in 2001 24864:Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative 24623:Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity 24205:Engineering and Technology History Wiki 22764:People imprisoned for editing Knowledge 22522:United States congressional staff edits 21829:online – April 6, 2009.) 21635:Knowledge: a new community of practice? 21032: 21006: 20593: 20524: 20351: 20295: 20180:Knowledge: Modelling Knowledge's growth 20145: 20143: 19952: 19706: 19704: 19472: 19239:Palmier, Guillaume (January 19, 2013). 19238: 19166: 19164: 18777: 18741: 18163:from the original on December 11, 2023. 18161:Countering systemic bias%5d%5d Archived 17690: 17688: 16391:. ACM LinkKDD. Chicago; New York City: 16310:from the original on February 18, 2016. 16256: 16169: 16167: 16076:"A chapter in the Enlightenment closes" 15849: 15573:. Season 3. Episode 19. April 5, 2007. 15422: 15371: 15268: 15046: 15021: 14964: 14908: 14481: 14479: 14441: 14350:. comScore. May 4, 2006. Archived from 14122: 14120: 14086: 14084: 14082: 13995:"Local Points Of Interest In Knowledge" 13959: 13363: 13361: 13359: 13318: 13142: 12922:from the original on September 14, 2021 12675: 12671: 12669: 12605: 12603: 12601: 12470: 12303:Agence France-Presse (April 29, 2010). 12298: 12296: 12209: 12021: 12019: 11982:New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia 11654: 11553: 11480: 11353: 11351: 11248:Child, Maxwell L. (February 26, 2007). 11120: 10959: 10733: 10708: 10694:and a fellow at the Harvard University 10497: 10083:New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia 9913:from the original on September 11, 2021 9406:Viégas, Fernanda B. (January 3, 2007). 9181: 9011: 8915: 8849: 8804:from the original on September 20, 2014 8522: 7750:2015 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) 6853: 6723: 6660: 6480:"Knowledge Breaks Into US Top 10 Sites" 6206: 6103: 6020: 5989: 5829: 5801: 5620: 5588:Kelly, Samantha Murphy (May 20, 2022). 5556: 5486: 5484: 5482: 5090: 3477:Knowledge:Manual of Style/Accessibility 2812:Internet Watch Foundation and Knowledge 2800:downward trend in the number of editors 1697:. The latter are both languages of the 1005: 14: 25058: 21671: 21468:"Does the Internet Undermine Culture?" 21176: 20916: 20897: 20686: 20574:"Knowledge 2.0 – Now with Added Trust" 20554:"All the News That's Fit to Print Out" 20539:from the original on November 16, 2015 20508:. Broken Record (blog). Archived from 19779:from the original on December 29, 2022 19485:from the original on September 3, 2011 19388:from the original on February 10, 2023 19315:from the original on February 10, 2023 19094:from the original on February 10, 2023 18857:. Wikimedia Foundation. Archived from 18828:from the original on November 12, 2005 18794:from the original on February 10, 2023 18653:from the original on February 10, 2023 18587:from the original on February 10, 2023 18111:from the original on November 6, 2023. 18037:from the original on December 24, 2018 17963: 17937: 17935: 17863: 17861: 17848: 17846: 17809:from the original on December 29, 2022 17776:from the original on December 22, 2022 17710:from the original on November 20, 2021 17594: 17501:. Wikimedia Foundation. Archived from 17404: 17364:Knowledge:Multilingual statistics/2004 17263: 17245:from the original on December 29, 2022 17209: 17203: 16919:from the original on December 13, 2022 16646:from the original on February 10, 2018 16089:from the original on December 25, 2022 16008: 15831:from the original on November 13, 2022 15620: 15307:"How Social Media Endangers Knowledge" 15140: 15049:"Inquiry prompts reporter's dismissal" 14914: 14748: 14686:"Learning to trust the internet again" 14632:from the original on December 27, 2020 14609: 14464:from the original on February 28, 2021 14105:from the original on February 17, 2022 14067:from the original on November 30, 2022 13652:from the original on November 26, 2022 13580:from the original on November 13, 2022 13549:from the original on November 13, 2022 13469:from the original on November 13, 2022 13189:from the original on November 16, 2016 13124:from the original on February 20, 2022 12902:Lima, Cristiano (September 14, 2021). 12870: 12864: 12852:from the original on December 29, 2022 12540: 12491:from the original on December 31, 2022 12476: 12419: 12382: 12191:from the original on September 2, 2017 12123: 12066: 11913:from the original on November 21, 2022 11860:from the original on November 12, 2016 11778: 11725:from the original on November 11, 2020 11713:Petrusich, Amanda (October 20, 2011). 11694:from the original on February 10, 2023 11679: 11559: 11541:from the original on November 26, 2022 11462:from the original on December 14, 2022 11051: 10929: 10834: 10816:from the original on November 24, 2020 10645:from the original on November 22, 2008 10627: 10594: 10561: 10283:Orlowski, Andrew (December 16, 2005). 10264:from the original on February 10, 2023 10235: 9946:from the original on February 18, 2021 9858:from the original on November 21, 2016 9702:from the original on December 18, 2016 9667:from the original on September 9, 2016 9661:Columbian College of Arts and Sciences 9415:Visual Communication Lab, IBM Research 9405: 9349: 9340: 9278: 9276: 9143:(6). Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.: 679–681. 9049: 8981: 8963:from the original on September 5, 2011 8948: 8930:from the original on February 10, 2023 8885: 8831:from the original on December 18, 2008 8789: 8687: 8685: 8683: 8681: 8563:from the original on December 26, 2018 8451: 8408: 8406: 8231:(2014). Fichman, P.; Hara, N. (eds.). 7833: 7419:from the original on December 6, 2016. 7349: 7289:from the original on November 27, 2022 7276: 7258:from the original on November 13, 2022 7192:from the original on December 12, 2022 7177: 6937:from the original on December 11, 2022 6901:from the original on December 29, 2022 6868:from the original on November 29, 2019 6835:from the original on December 24, 2022 6789: 6705:from the original on December 27, 2022 6675:from the original on November 14, 2022 6642:from the original on December 29, 2022 6628:Rosen, Rebecca J. (January 30, 2013). 6566:from the original on February 10, 2022 6551: 6421:from the original on November 15, 2021 6388:from the original on November 26, 2021 6175:"Volunteers Log Off as Knowledge Ages" 6116:from the original on December 26, 2018 6049:"Knowledge – Exploring Fact City" 6002:from the original on December 26, 2018 5910: 5904: 5775: 5741: 5735: 5666:from the original on February 10, 2023 5653: 5448: 5446: 5374: 5091:Sidener, Jonathan (December 6, 2004). 4228:. The award was presented to Wales by 4209:In September 2008, Knowledge received 3915:misinformation related to the pandemic 3357:Knowledge currently runs on dedicated 3182:The operation of Knowledge depends on 3093:Knowledge is hosted and funded by the 2586: 2296: 607:In November 2009, a researcher at the 253:Most text is also dual-licensed under 24852:Camfed, Campaign for Female Education 24795: 24493: 24453: 24014: 23548: 22855: 22426:Hillsborough disaster Knowledge posts 21925: 21581: 20823: 20571: 20497: 20378: 20184: 19743:"Knowledge 0.5 available on a CD-ROM" 19710: 19678:from the original on January 31, 2023 19644:from the original on January 27, 2023 19610:from the original on January 13, 2021 19593: 19420:from the original on February 2, 2023 19349:from the original on January 29, 2023 19186:from the original on January 20, 2021 18928:from the original on October 22, 2021 18894:from the original on February 2, 2023 18759:from the original on January 25, 2023 18621:from the original on October 11, 2023 18523:from the original on February 2, 2023 18489:from the original on January 31, 2023 18368:from the original on December 3, 2010 18240: 18222:from the original on January 16, 2023 17537:from the original on January 19, 2023 17479:from the original on October 20, 2011 17332: 17110: 16997: 16904: 16494:Bothwell, Ellie (December 15, 2015). 16237:Lindemann, Luke (February 19, 2021). 16173: 15755: 15602:from the original on January 28, 2023 15430:"Erasmus Prize – Praemium Erasmianum" 15374:"Similar Search Results: Google Wins" 15372:Zumpano, Anthony (January 29, 2007). 15335:from the original on October 22, 2018 15247:from the original on December 8, 2022 15173: 15155:from the original on January 27, 2023 15061:from the original on January 28, 2023 14858: 14819:Arias, Martha L. (January 29, 2007). 14818: 14683: 14568: 14485: 14387:. Pew Research Center. Archived from 14225: 14160:Fox-Brewster, Thomas (May 22, 2015). 14141:from the original on October 22, 2022 14126: 14054: 13923: 13847: 13771:from the original on February 3, 2023 13632: 13561: 13451: 13400:from the original on February 2, 2023 13291: 13259:Friedman, Vitaly (January 12, 2021). 13157:from the original on January 27, 2023 13079:"Meet the 'bots' that edit Knowledge" 13076: 13009:"Changes at Knowledge: Seeing things" 13006: 12988:from the original on January 10, 2022 12883:from the original on February 4, 2021 12834: 12816:from the original on February 1, 2023 12801: 12747:from the original on October 27, 2021 12690:from the original on February 1, 2023 12624:from the original on October 25, 2018 12586:from the original on October 27, 2021 12574:Kueppers, Courtney (March 23, 2020). 12555:from the original on December 1, 2021 12522:from the original on October 23, 2015 12510:Auerbach, David (December 11, 2014). 12420:Kleinz, Torsten (September 2, 2006). 12345: 12124:Maxton, Richard (September 9, 2008). 11973: 11824:from the original on January 31, 2023 11520:"Knowledge Islam Entry Is Criticized" 11513: 11495:from the original on January 10, 2022 11422:from the original on December 8, 2022 11380:from the original on October 24, 2022 11336:from the original on January 29, 2023 11284:The Times Higher Education Supplement 11247: 11229:from the original on January 29, 2023 11195:from the original on January 29, 2023 11102:from the original on October 28, 2022 10799: 10709:McHenry, Robert (November 15, 2004). 10576:from the original on January 16, 2023 10530: 10512:from the original on December 1, 2022 10163: 10009:from the original on December 9, 2022 9964: 9731:The Journal of Academic Librarianship 9645: 9588:from the original on October 26, 2022 9577:"The future of Knowledge: WikiPeaks?" 9284:"OCAD to 'Storm Knowledge' this fall" 9245: 9214: 9163:from the original on January 26, 2023 9078:from the original on January 26, 2023 9028:from the original on January 26, 2023 8825:"Knowledge: The know-it-all Web site" 8790:Arthur, Charles (December 15, 2005). 8662:from the original on January 29, 2023 8548: 8389: 8194:Massachusetts Institute of Technology 7836:"Why Do So Few Women Edit Knowledge?" 7659:Buchanan, Brian (November 17, 2006). 7225:from the original on January 17, 2023 7122:from the original on January 20, 2023 7091:from the original on January 19, 2023 7074: 7072: 7057:from the original on January 20, 2023 7042: 7038: 7036: 7021:from the original on November 4, 2022 6995:from the original on November 4, 2022 6949: 6924: 6802:from the original on October 17, 2022 6771:from the original on January 24, 2023 6738:from the original on January 24, 2023 6661:Netburn, Deborah (January 19, 2012). 6627: 6533:from the original on November 9, 2022 6513: 6438: 6436: 6334:from the original on December 9, 2022 6319: 6223:from the original on November 9, 2022 6188:from the original on December 4, 2022 6079:. Stanford Network Analysis Project. 6043: 5877:from the original on December 7, 2022 5830:Sidener, Jonathan (October 9, 2006). 5635:from the original on January 15, 2023 5602:from the original on October 12, 2022 5587: 5552: 5550: 5535:from the original on December 2, 2022 5490: 5467:from the original on January 11, 2023 5414: 5200:from the original on October 12, 2022 5142: 4417:In June 2024, the Futures section of 3822: 3784:both maintain editing Knowledge with 3680:List of Knowledge mobile applications 3649:is discouraged. Knowledge publishes " 2222:The Journal of Academic Librarianship 1193: 1129:Knowledge's standards of "notability" 748:, crash landed on the surface of the 352:Initially only available in English, 27:Free online crowdsourced encyclopedia 24893: 24733:Malaria Research and Training Centre 24482:Prince or Princess of Asturias Award 22484:Carlos Bandeirense Mirandópolis hoax 22454:on the Arabic and Persian Wikipedias 21465: 21439: 20500:"For Music Fans: Knowledge; MySpace" 20437: 20410:"Wikiversity:History of Wikiversity" 20324:"Talk:Science Hypertextbook project" 20190: 20140: 20057: 19701: 19575:from the original on August 17, 2022 19473:Vermeir, Walter (December 1, 2007). 19440:"Knowledge:Knowledge Signpost/About" 19161: 19123: 19017:"[Wikitech-l] Lucene search" 18979: 18778:Lorente, Patricio (March 16, 2016). 18673:"Wikimedia Foundation 2020 Form 990" 17872: 17685: 17453:from the original on August 26, 2011 17314: 16979:from the original on August 14, 2004 16816:"With Few Eyes, All Hoaxes are Deep" 16667:MIT Sloan Research Paper No. 5238-17 16205: 16164: 16111: 16021:from the original on January 3, 2023 15981: 15695: 15174:Ablan, Jennifer (October 22, 2007). 15096:from the original on August 18, 2022 14937: 14888:Aftergood, Steven (March 21, 2007). 14698:from the original on August 27, 2021 14530:Benjakob, Omer (September 2, 2020). 14476: 14442:Sachdev, Shaan (February 26, 2021). 14418:"The World's Most Valuable Startups" 14240:from the original on August 24, 2020 14117: 14079: 13848:Thiel, Thomas (September 27, 2010). 13841: 13567: 13528: 13419:McCarthy, Caroline (July 18, 2008). 13356: 12901: 12676:Purtill, Corinne (October 3, 2018). 12666: 12654:from the original on October 2, 2018 12598: 12351: 12293: 12243: 12146: 12126:"Knowledge attacked over porn pages" 12032:PS: Political Science & Politics 12016: 11934: 11680:Arthur, Charles (December 8, 2008). 11621: 11401: 11357: 11348: 11182: 11151: 10911:from the original on August 19, 2022 10860: 10663: 10422:"Dynamics of Conflicts in Knowledge" 10297:from the original on August 13, 2022 10027: 9931: 9838:Petrilli, Michael J. (Spring 2008). 9809: 9803: 9791:from the original on August 27, 2016 9624:from the original on August 13, 2014 9294:from the original on August 26, 2014 9261:from the original on October 6, 2013 9182:McGreal, Scott A. (March 11, 2013). 8984:"Raw Thought: Who Writes Knowledge?" 8823:Lu Stout, Kristie (August 4, 2003). 8596:from the original on August 24, 2022 8523:Mehegan, David (February 13, 2006). 7689: 7432:"Link Spamming Knowledge for Profit" 7391:Ciffolilli, Andrea (December 2003). 7110:Rauwerda, Annie (January 18, 2023). 6887:Shankland, Stephen (June 29, 2019). 6756: 6459:from the original on August 19, 2021 6104:Kleeman, Jenny (November 26, 2009). 5742:Meyers, Peter (September 20, 2001). 5479: 5415:Cooke, Richard (February 17, 2020). 5354: 5326: 5179: 4596:Knowledge has been widely used as a 4476:, for collaborative journalism, and 3892: 3548: 3482: 3470: 3282: 3063:critical feedback compared to men." 2633: 2630:Coverage of topics and systemic bias 2209:. In 2010, columnist and journalist 1421: 1309:curators collaborate on the article 856: 513: 24713:Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 21672:Reagle, Joseph Michael Jr. (2010). 21607: 21035:"Scientific Citations in Knowledge" 20884: 20615: 20551: 20296:Moeller, Erik (December 12, 2002). 19275:"⚓ T156028 Name Asia Cache DC site" 19220:from the original on April 18, 2021 19138:from the original on March 22, 2022 19078:Forrester, James (April 25, 2013). 19059:from the original on April 13, 2021 19029:from the original on March 30, 2013 18849: 18334:from the original on March 21, 2008 18305:from the original on March 26, 2008 17932: 17858: 17843: 17743:from the original on March 18, 2021 16828:Association for Computing Machinery 16718:Association for Computing Machinery 16420:from the original on July 17, 2012. 16393:Association for Computing Machinery 16335:Association for Computing Machinery 16283:Association for Computing Machinery 16206:Mayo, Matthew (November 23, 2017). 16127:from the original on August 4, 2022 15943:"NET News: Calling All Taxonomists" 15115:Grossman, Lev (December 13, 2006). 14938:Shaw, Donna (February–March 2008). 14591:from the original on April 11, 2020 14550:from the original on April 16, 2020 14415: 14090: 13960:Shachaf, Pnina (October 16, 2009). 13829:from the original on August 1, 2009 13717:from the original on August 6, 2011 13614:from the original on March 18, 2022 13512:from the original on April 28, 2024 13344:from the original on April 28, 2024 13240:from the original on August 6, 2009 13207: 13055:from the original on August 4, 2013 13043:Orlowski, Andrew (August 1, 2013). 12780:from the original on April 21, 2021 12387:. 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San Francisco: No Starch Press. 20814:Full Measure with Sharyl Attkisson 20594:Miliard, Mike (December 2, 2007). 20490: 20233:. February 6, 2012. Archived from 19953:Moeller, Erik (October 13, 2009). 19541:from the original on July 16, 2020 19454:from the original on June 10, 2021 19368:Peters, David; Walsh, Jay (2013). 19255:from the original on July 15, 2018 19014: 18996:from the original on July 31, 2012 18397: 18279:from the original on July 14, 2013 18253:from the original on July 10, 2017 17607:from the original on June 22, 2014 17419:from the original on June 20, 2014 17345:from the original on June 20, 2014 17264:Sanger, Larry (January 10, 2001). 17236: 17210:Sanger, Larry (January 17, 2001). 17165:from the original on July 11, 2020 17032:National Museum of Natural History 16440:. December 7, 2015. 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MediaWiki is licensed under the 2897:was blocked for four days by most 2757: 2272:accused Knowledge of whitewashing 1689:, and most of the articles in the 25: 25127: 24725:Manhiça Centre of Health Research 23597:Knowledge community (Wikipedians) 21892:collected news and commentary at 21850: 20824:Wales, Jimmy (December 9, 2016). 20572:Giles, Jim (September 20, 2007). 20525:Borland, John (August 14, 2007). 20354:"Proposal: commons.wikimedia.org" 20058:Finc, Tomasz (January 26, 2012). 19862:"Knowledge Selection for Schools" 19285:from the original on May 12, 2019 18691:from the original on May 24, 2022 18084:from the original on May 12, 2022 17405:Vibber, Brion (August 16, 2002). 17335:"Alternative language wikipedias" 17111:Lyman, Jay (September 20, 2006). 16761:Advances in Information Retrieval 15953:(5712): 1021. 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January 9, 2021. Archived from 5355:Hern, Alex (September 15, 2015). 5308:from the original on June 5, 2020 5188:"Jimmy Wales – The 2006 Time 100" 5161:. January 9, 2021. Archived from 4407:stated, in a letter published in 4373:broadcast a comedy series called 3802: 2958:and the right to be anonymous in 2216:The Chronicle of Higher Education 1377:A 2007 study by researchers from 1232:Arbitration Committee (Knowledge) 1156: 1000:deletion of articles on Knowledge 935:and founder of the Freedom Forum 25038: 25021: 25004: 24987: 24970: 24953: 24936: 24919: 24902: 24754:National Transplant Organization 22834: 22833: 22821: 22052:Predictions of the project's end 21657:(in German). transcript Verlag. 21109:10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00316.x 20917:Jensen, Richard (October 2012). 20891:Academic studies about Knowledge 20662:Runciman, David (May 28, 2009). 20461: 20438:Roth, Matthew (March 30, 2012). 20431: 20402: 20372: 20352:Moeller, Erik (March 19, 2004). 20345: 20316: 20289: 20260: 20256:Knowledge:Knowledge in the media 20215: 20108: 20081: 20051: 19946: 19917: 19888: 19824: 19802: 19791: 19735: 19690: 19656: 19622: 19497: 19432: 19400: 19361: 19327: 19297: 19267: 19232: 19198: 19150: 19117: 19106: 19071: 19041: 19008: 18980:Snow, Michael (April 18, 2005). 18973: 18940: 18906: 18876: 18806: 18771: 18735: 18703: 18665: 18599: 18565: 18535: 18501: 18471: 18460: 18449: 18438: 18427: 18346: 18234: 18109:of Style/Spelling%5d%5d Archived 18060: 17998: 17957: 17946: 17920: 17896: 17884: 17832: 17821: 17788: 17755: 17722: 17595:Birken, P. 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Rijksuniversiteit Groningen. 20926:The Journal of Military History 20864:(audio, 53:58, Flash required). 20440:"The Knowledge data revolution" 20035:. June 30, 2009. Archived from 18103:] "Manual of Style/Spelling"]. 17630: 17619: 17574: 17556:Knowledge:Why create an account 17549: 17517: 17491: 17465: 17431: 17398: 17333:Wales, Jimmy (March 16, 2001). 17326: 17323:, Knowledge (January 21, 2007). 17321:Knowledge:Neutral point of view 17062:Society of Applied Neuroscience 16998:Rubin, Harriet (May 31, 1998). 16905:Stone, Jon (February 3, 2022). 15850:Burnett, Emma (June 12, 2024). 15698:"Bigipedia given second series" 14752:Social Science Research Network 14127:Brown, Andrew (June 25, 2015). 13488:Orlowitz, Jake (January 2018). 13077:Nasaw, Daniel (July 24, 2012). 12147:Metz, Cade (December 7, 2008). 11657:"What Is Wrong With Knowledge?" 11258:. Cambridge, MA. Archived from 10774:. June 30, 2014. Archived from 10734:Shapiro, Ari (April 27, 2018). 10664:Boyd, Danah (January 4, 2005). 10531:Cowen, Tyler (March 14, 2008). 10498:Raphael, JR (August 26, 2009). 9896:10.7551/mitpress/12366.003.0005 7834:Torres, Nicole (June 2, 2016). 7606:"A False Knowledge 'biography'" 7301: 7270: 7204: 7178:Hafner, Katie (June 17, 2006). 7171: 7103: 7007: 6981: 6783: 6750: 6726:"Asteroid Re-Named 'Knowledge'" 6717: 6545: 6471: 6400: 6359: 6346: 6313: 6165: 6128: 6037: 5802:Miliard, Mike (March 1, 2008). 5647: 5614: 5581: 5563:International Business Times UK 5514: 5348: 5320: 5290: 5186:Anderson, Chris (May 8, 2006). 5039: 5027: 4834:List of Knowledge controversies 4591: 3445:Knowledge:The Knowledge Library 3325:Hardware operations and support 3172:Software operations and support 2593:Health information on Knowledge 1119:Content policies and guidelines 971:rates belonged to the articles 968:counterproductive work behavior 919:Seigenthaler biography incident 829: 405:an important fact-checking site 24774:for the Advancement of Science 21765:. Cambridge University Press. 21506:Knowledge – The Missing Manual 21466:Keen, Andrew (June 16, 2007). 20868:"So Is Knowledge Cracking Up?" 20687:Taylor, Chris (May 29, 2005). 20552:Dee, Jonathan (July 1, 2007). 19955:"OpenMoko Launches WikiReader" 19711:Seifi, Joe (August 27, 2007). 18243:"Knowledge is an encyclopedia" 18241:Wales, Jimmy (March 8, 2003). 18031:"Knowledge:List of Wikipedias" 17927:Knowledge:Ownership of content 17891:Knowledge:No original research 17597:"Bericht Gesichtete Versionen" 17237:T., Laura (October 30, 2001). 17115:. LinuxInsider. Archived from 15960:10.1126/science.307.5712.1021a 15488:(in Spanish). October 22, 2015 15434:Praemium Erasmianum Foundation 15380:. Brandchannel. Archived from 15269:Gertner, Jon (July 18, 2023). 15007:. July 5, 2007. Archived from 14825:Internet Business Law Services 14318:"The top 500 sites on the web" 14288:"The top 500 sites on the web" 14226:Perez, Sarah (June 12, 2015). 14001:. May 15, 2011. Archived from 13924:Cohen, Noam (March 16, 2021). 13854:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung 13703:Anderson, Nate (May 2, 2008). 13384:10.7551/mitpress/5263.001.0001 12541:Murphy, Dan (August 1, 2013). 12354:"Knowledge Gives Porn a Break" 11274:"Web threatens learning ethos" 11223:University of British Columbia 10863:"Politicians notice Knowledge" 10835:Ahrens, Frank (July 9, 2006). 10711:"The Faith-Based Encyclopedia" 9785:Bowling Green State University 9408:"The Visual Side of Knowledge" 9350:Walker, Andy (June 21, 2018). 9137:CyberPsychology & Behavior 8951:"The Wisdom of the Chaperones" 7079:Tech Desk (January 18, 2023). 7015:"Citations of Cloud Computing" 6790:Sawers, Paul (June 18, 2015). 5234: 5212: 5117: 4907: 4894: 4885: 4504:A group of Wikimedians of the 4261:Category:Parodies of Knowledge 4202:for the "community" category. 3996:for publication in Knowledge. 3489:GNU Free Documentation License 3003:its contributors and readers. 2782:(when a topic is omitted) and 2776:geographical bias on Knowledge 2451:have questioned the project's 2408:in 2009 regarding the lack of 1808: 500:GNU Free Documentation License 13: 1: 25111:Social information processing 24484:for International Cooperation 22440:Wikimedia Foundation actions 21951: 21433:List of books about Knowledge 21335:American Behavioral Scientist 21033:Nielsen, Finn (August 2007). 20741:, BBC News, October 21, 2013. 20298:"Wiktionary project launched" 18719:. May 1, 2014. Archived from 18547:Open Technology Real Services 18067:A455bcd9 (February 8, 2021). 17654:. Retrieved November 6, 2012. 16333:. Napa Valley, CA; New York: 15901:(1st ed.). Hoboken, NJ: 14091:Lih, Andrew (June 20, 2015). 14026:"iPhone Gems: Knowledge Apps" 12548:The Christian Science Monitor 12002:10.1080/13614568.2020.1865463 11358:Beck, Julie (March 5, 2014). 11322:10.1080/03075079.2020.1750195 11286:, 2007, 1799 (June 22), p. 2. 10800:Elder, Jeff (June 16, 2014). 10562:Stuart, S.C. (June 3, 2021). 10103:10.1080/13614568.2020.1865463 10060:Samoilenko, Anna (June 2021) 9446:Yasseri, Taha; Sumi, Robert; 9215:Giles, Jim (August 4, 2009). 8084:10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 5327:Noor, Poppy (July 29, 2018). 5074: 4824:List of films about Knowledge 4495: 4087:award on behalf of Knowledge. 4065:Knowledge, an introduction – 3850: 3807:Access to Knowledge has been 3736:Wireless Application Protocol 3158:Wikimedia movement affiliates 2993:free and open-source software 2962:. The Wikimedia Foundation's 2856:such as images and videos of 2763:Academic studies of Knowledge 2225:have criticized Knowledge's " 2111:may be used under a claim of 1179:they were granted adminship. 1138: 865:Knowledge's editing interface 643: 24210:Family History Research Wiki 24000:Knowledge for World Heritage 23921:WikiConference North America 22804:List of online encyclopedias 22789:Knowledge for World Heritage 22565:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 22195:WikiConference North America 22023:deletionism and inclusionism 21976:Conflict-of-interest editing 21806:The New York Review of Books 21790:Book review–related articles 21704:Jemielniak, Dariusz (2014). 21399:10.1371/journal.pone.0190046 20981:10.1371/journal.pone.0030091 20932:(4): 523–556. Archived from 19816:(in Spanish). Archived from 19630:"Knowledge:Non-free content" 18456:Knowledge:Sexual content/FAQ 18387:Knowledge:General disclaimer 17667:Knowledge:Dispute resolution 16783:10.1007/978-3-540-78646-7_75 13903:10.1016/j.websem.2009.07.002 13818:"Knowledge turned into book" 13741:Lexico Publishing Group, LLC 12244:Metz, Cade (April 9, 2010). 10990:Legal Research in a Nutshell 10457:10.1371/journal.pone.0038869 9965:Brown, Lee (July 16, 2021). 9748:10.1016/j.acalib.2012.09.013 9489:10.1371/journal.pone.0030091 8852:"The Authority of Knowledge" 8760:. Visual Communication Lab, 8622:Jemielniak, Dariusz (2014). 8396:International Herald Tribune 8014:10.1016/j.socnet.2018.12.003 7926:10.1016/j.pragma.2020.03.009 7630:Friedman, Thomas L. (2007). 6957:"Alexa Top 500 Global Sites" 6369:"Who really runs Knowledge?" 6074:"Knowledge: Nowhere to grow" 4829:List of online encyclopedias 4813:Democratization of knowledge 4351:In 2008, the comedy website 4278:and coined the related term 4110:In a 2017 opinion piece for 3712:on February 9, 2014, quoted 3642:and first released in 2009. 3581:(via technology gained from 3500:programs licensed under the 3066: 2879:The Knowledge article about 2874:photographs of nude children 2744:a list of female porn actors 2690:deletionism and inclusionism 2568:American Library Association 2527:Legal Research in a Nutshell 2175: 1400: 1248: 1093:Knowledge is an encyclopedia 907:(1927–2014), subject of the 884: 740:. In April 2019, an Israeli 688:and nearly 500 million 373:democratization of knowledge 248:CC Attribution / Share-Alike 93:Knowledge's desktop homepage 7: 24824:Hispanic Society of America 24750:The Transplantation Society 24699:2004: The European Union's 24683:International Space Station 23942:Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA 23638:Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight 22883:Knowledge language editions 22758:Magna Carta (An Embroidery) 22570:Russian invasion of Ukraine 22353:Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight 21981:political editing incidents 21533:. Sebastopol: Pogue Press. 21258:93.1 (June 2006): 117–146.) 21252:. (Originally published in 20558:The New York Times Magazine 19697:Knowledge:Mirrors and forks 19594:Walsh, Jay (May 21, 2009). 19561:"Licensing_update/Timeline" 19475:"Resolution:License update" 17570:Knowledge:Protection policy 17407:"Brion VIBBER at pobox.com" 16867:Nature Machine Intelligence 15761:"Manning/Wikipedia cartoon" 15404:"Die Quadriga – Award 2008" 14940:"Knowledge in the Newsroom" 13856:(in German). Archived from 13759:"Definition of Answers.com" 13568:Hall, Sam (June 24, 2020). 13007:L. M. (December 13, 2011). 12802:Elder, Jeff (May 1, 2014). 11402:Beck, Julie (May 7, 2014). 11305:Studies in Higher Education 11123:"A Stand Against Knowledge" 9840:"Knowledge or Wickedpedia?" 7636:Farrar, Straus & Giroux 5837:The San Diego Union-Tribune 5382:"Happy Birthday, Knowledge" 4769: 4625:University of Franche-Comté 4610:natural language processing 4600:for linguistic research in 4533:" criticizes websites with 4515:at the US National Archives 4001:plagiarizing from Knowledge 3433:Knowledge's sister projects 2724:Coverage of topics and bias 2610:University of San Francisco 2576:Studies in Higher Education 2533:Discouragement in education 1325:, has been referred to as " 1105:Knowledge has no firm rules 809: 409:Knowledge has been censored 10: 25132: 24846:Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance 23869:List of Wikimedia chapters 23178:Norwegian (Bokmål/Riksmål) 21561:Cambridge University Press 21430: 21210:Rijshouwer, Emiel (2019). 21027:A blog post by the author. 20888: 20745:"The Decline of Knowledge" 20498:Balke, Jeff (March 2008). 19504:Knowledge:Licensing update 18549:. OTRS.com. Archived from 17637:Knowledge:New pages patrol 17191:. Free Software Foundation 16891:10.1038/s42256-023-00726-1 16611:10.1140/epjb/e2018-90532-7 16556:10.1140/epjb/e2016-60922-0 16117:"The amorality of Web 2.0" 15865:10.1038/d41586-024-01723-z 15696:Wolf, Ian (June 4, 2010). 14945:American Journalism Review 11279:December 21, 2012, at the 10067:November 14, 2023, at the 9056:Journal of Legal Education 8299:10.1007/s41109-020-00305-y 8161:10.1007/s41109-020-00305-y 7218:Columbia Journalism Review 6289:"The Decline of Knowledge" 4773: 4441: 4258: 4241:Princess of Asturias Award 4214:A Mission of Enlightenment 4130:social networking services 4085:A Mission of Enlightenment 3936: 3896: 3677: 3524:). Media files covered by 3474: 3442: 3413: 3410:Internal news publications 3286: 3224:GNU General Public License 3175: 3075: 3060:Carnegie Mellon University 3010: 2944: 2930:obscene under American law 2899:Internet service providers 2826: 2819: 2809: 2669: 2590: 2566:, former president of the 2300: 2179: 1873: 1868: 1866: 1864: 1862: 1860: 1858: 1856: 1854: 1852: 1850: 1848: 1846: 1844: 1842: 1425: 1372: 1345:The English Knowledge has 1252: 1229: 1160: 1142: 1009: 888: 842:Columbia Journalism Review 609:Rey Juan Carlos University 433: 429: 422: 418: 40:Knowledge (disambiguation) 29: 24802: 24791: 24744:World Health Organization 24695:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 24677:Fernando Henrique Cardoso 24500: 24489: 24416: 24383: 24157: 24136: 24095: 24079: 24048: 24040: 23958: 23856: 23761: 23656: 23605: 23589: 23582: 23530: 23459: 23296:Belarusian (Taraškievica) 23261: 23018: 22947: 22911: 22890: 22817: 22737: 22696: 22655: 22612: 22582: 22535: 22469: 22416:Internet Watch Foundation 22389: 22380: 22244: 22208: 22172: 22095: 22084: 21959: 21823:(Originally published in 21801:"The Charms of Knowledge" 21761:Bruckman, Amy S. (2022). 21712:Stanford University Press 21472:National Public Radio, US 20750:October 23, 2013, at the 20689:"It's a Wiki, Wiki World" 19765:"Polish Knowledge on DVD" 19126:"Abuse Filter is enabled" 18509:"Volunteer Response Team" 18016:List of Wikipedias – Meta 17239:"Knowledge-l: LinkBacks?" 16281:. Lisbon; New York City: 15984:Online Information Review 15634:. Season 7. Episode 145. 13981:10.1108/00220410910998951 13825:. London. June 16, 2009. 13542:British Newspaper Archive 13296:. Data Center Knowledge. 12733:10.1007/s11199-015-0573-y 12397:10.3726/978-1-4539-1336-9 12309:The Sydney Morning Herald 12277:. India. April 29, 2010. 12185:The Sydney Morning Herald 12069:"The Positioning Matters" 12045:10.1017/S1049096521001463 11062:Communications of the ACM 11023:"Wide World of Knowledge" 10676:. Corante. Archived from 10602:The Sydney Morning Herald 8630:Stanford University Press 8361:"Who's behind Knowledge?" 7957:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385 7887:10.1007/s11199-015-0573-y 7150:. Yale University Press. 5093:"Everyone's Encyclopedia" 4742:Subsequent collaborative 4670:assessment in Knowledge. 4631:and Dima Shepelyansky of 4618:word-sense disambiguation 4602:computational linguistics 4586:University of East Anglia 4390:Chelsea Elizabeth Manning 4254: 4173: 4095:(formed as a part of the 4028:2008 US election campaign 3923:World Health Organization 3293:Computer programs called 3006: 2903:Internet Watch Foundation 2730:Oxford Internet Institute 2647:This section needs to be 2469: 2464: 2431:The Sydney Morning Herald 2314: 2309: 1837: 1834: 1831: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1050: 1033: 1024: 1019: 947:Disputes and edit warring 787:was the most cited page. 597:Palo Alto Research Center 577: 564:made in China during the 272: 261: 240: 232: 213: 195: 187: 179: 165: 144: 128: 120: 112: 100: 81: 52: 24729:Ifakara Health Institute 22444:on the Chinese Knowledge 21653:Rahmstorf, Olaf (2023). 21632:O'Sullivan, Dan (2009). 21529:Knowledge Reader's Guide 21525:Broughton, John (2008). 21503:Broughton, John (2008). 21426: 21347:10.1177/0002764212469365 20845:Ideas, with Paul Kennedy 20796:"Dark Side of Knowledge" 20381:"User:Eloquence/History" 20029:Wikimedia Technical Blog 19049:"Extension:CirrusSearch" 18852:"Wikimedia Architecture" 18573:"Draft:Donna Strickland" 18467:Knowledge:Sexual content 18330:. Wikimedia Foundation. 18301:. Wikimedia Foundation. 18275:. Wikimedia Foundation. 17953:Knowledge:Banning policy 17942:Knowledge:Administrators 17853:Knowledge:Citing sources 17475:. Wikimedia Foundation. 15996:10.1108/OIR-03-2020-0104 15029:San Antonio Express-News 14094:"Can Knowledge Survive?" 13969:Journal of Documentation 13881:Journal of Web Semantics 13608:Free Software Foundation 13211:The Knowledge Revolution 10666:"Academia and Knowledge" 10389:Encyclopaedia Britannica 8033:Journal of Documentation 7768:10.1109/WSC.2015.7408171 6599:10.1177/1461444812470428 4878: 4861:Portal:Contents/Outlines 4691:noted that parts of the 4633:Paul Sabatier University 4382:On August 23, 2013, the 4337:reverses the effects of 4247:praised the work of the 3663:Journal of Documentation 3511:Free Software Foundation 3506:Creative Commons license 3248:exponentially increasing 3013:Gender bias on Knowledge 2914:US federal obscenity law 2604:article new programs of 2416:, and similar problems. 2303:Reliability of Knowledge 2190:Racial bias on Knowledge 2143:Simple English Knowledge 1353:registered editors, and 1163:Knowledge administrators 1145:Knowledge:Administration 998:Editors also debate the 993:9/11 conspiracy theories 401:reliability of Knowledge 381:exhibiting systemic bias 257:; media licensing varies 24619:Government of Guatemala 24546:Javier Pérez de Cuéllar 24536:University of Salamanca 23784:Censorship of Knowledge 23536:List of Wikimedia wikis 22515:Star Trek Into Darkness 22154:Wikipedian in residence 21446:The Cult of the Amateur 21177:Reagle, Joseph (2007). 21152:10.1145/1316624.1316663 20898:Leitch, Thomas (2014). 20771:March 13, 2015, at the 19896:"Wikidata:Introduction" 19124:Aude (March 23, 2009). 17903:Knowledge:Verifiability 16826:(CSCW). New York City: 16736:10.1145/3041021.3053366 16401:10.1145/1134271.1134284 16376:Adafre, Sisay Fissaha; 16353:10.1145/1458082.1458150 16291:10.1145/1321440.1321475 15682:. May 8, 2009, 15649:"Professor Knowledge". 14845:" should however read " 14416:SAI (October 7, 2011). 13151:The Wall Street Journal 12809:The Wall Street Journal 12383:McStay, Andrew (2014). 12081:10.1145/3366424.3383569 11949:10.1145/3041021.3053375 11215:"Is Googling Research?" 11085:10.1145/1284621.1284635 10809:The Wall Street Journal 10317:Encyclopædia Britannica 10236:Reagle, Joseph (2007). 10210:(subscription required) 10038:10.1145/3041021.3053375 9171:– via PudMed.gov. 8286:Applied Network Science 8148:Applied Network Science 8119:10.1145/3412569.3412585 8045:10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090 7840:Harvard Business Review 7810:10.1145/1641309.1641322 7454:10.1145/2030376.2030394 6587:New Media & Society 6181:The Wall Street Journal 5967:10.1145/1641309.1641322 5898:Encyclopædia Britannica 5714:10.4018/IJeC.2016040101 4735:, which was created by 4683:Leveling Up White Paper 4664:artificial intelligence 4522:Encyclopædia Britannica 4510:Encyclopædia Britannica 4091:A working group led by 3399:industrial organization 2988:Volunteer Response Team 2852:The site also includes 2822:Censorship of Knowledge 2717:University of Minnesota 2706:censorship of Knowledge 2502:The Wall Street Journal 2449:Encyclopædia Britannica 2437:Encyclopædia Britannica 2366:Encyclopædia Britannica 2350:by the science journal 2348:Encyclopædia Britannica 2343:Encyclopædia Britannica 1814:(as of 1 October 2024) 614:The Wall Street Journal 24568:Hans-Dietrich Genscher 24295:The Cutting Room Floor 24200:Encyclopedia Dramatica 23980:Wikimedian of the Year 23664:Hampton Lintorn-Catlin 22149:Wikimedian of the Year 21638:. Ashgate Publishing. 21617:. New York: Hyperion. 21449:. Doubleday/Currency. 20668:London Review of Books 20121:App Store (iOS/iPadOS) 18299:"Meta-Wiki Statistics" 17828:Knowledge:Five pillars 17082:(September 18, 2006). 17027:"Encyclopedia of Life" 16720:. pp. 1647–1654. 16501:Times Higher Education 15653:. September 24, 2008. 15651:CollegeHumor Originals 15054:Honolulu Star-Bulletin 14925:10.1038/news.2008.1312 12136:on September 17, 2008. 11158:Bloomberg BusinessWeek 9322:Bloomberg Businessweek 9012:Goldman, Eric (2010). 8890:. Viktoria Institute. 8850:Goodwin, Jean (2009). 8113:. ACM. pp. 1–10. 7665:First Amendment Center 6366:F., G. (May 5, 2013). 5708:(2). IGI Global: 1–8. 5222:. Semrush. August 2024 4535:user-generated content 4516: 4290:, as well as the 2010 4191: 4183: 4146: 4088: 4070: 3984:US intelligence agency 3961: 3693: 3522:Japanese copyright law 3455: 3354: 3143:Bloomberg Businessweek 3090: 3056:Stony Brook University 3038:Nobel Prize in Physics 2186:Criticism of Knowledge 2127: 1388:editor and journalist 1314: 1286: 1285:, Germany, August 4–8. 1188:algorithmic governance 1012:Knowledge:Five pillars 937:First Amendment Center 911: 891:Vandalism on Knowledge 877:of participating in a 866: 819: 709:Stop Online Piracy Act 705:United States Congress 657: 540: 377:It has been criticized 347:nonprofit organization 38:. For other uses, see 25101:Multilingual websites 25081:Free-content websites 24540:University of Coimbra 22110:Arbitration Committee 21771:10.1017/9781108780704 21678:. Cambridge, MA: the 21309:10.5210/fm.v12i4.1763 21074:10.5210/fm.v12i8.1997 20826:"How Knowledge Works" 20756:MIT Technology Review 20664:"Like Boiling a Frog" 20619:(September 1, 2006). 20191:West, Stuart (2010). 19925:"Wikidata:Statistics" 19810:"¿Qué es la CDPedia?" 19309:Wikimedia Phabricator 19279:Wikimedia Phabricator 19134:. Knowledge, The 💕. 18033:. English Knowledge. 18005:Knowledge:Wikipedians 17967:(December 31, 2004). 17915:Neutral point of view 17296:"Knowledge: HomePage" 17119:on September 28, 2007 17068:on February 22, 2012. 16437:MIT Technology Review 16071:Caldwell, Christopher 15903:John Wiley & Sons 15827:. December 14, 2015. 15765:Conde Nast Collection 15624:(December 6, 2007). " 15410:on September 15, 2008 13747:on February 25, 2009. 13506:10.4403/jlis.it-12505 11262:on December 20, 2008. 10968:on September 11, 2015 10670:Many 2 Many: A Group 9787:. February 27, 2012. 9544:10.5210/fm.v18i1.3939 9149:10.1089/cpb.2007.0225 8751:Wattenberg, Martin M. 8189:MIT Technology Review 7914:Journal of Pragmatics 7504:10.1145/985921.985953 7412:10.5210/fm.v8i12.1108 7368:on September 25, 2007 6294:MIT Technology Review 6033:on December 11, 2019. 5809:Salt Lake City Weekly 5242:"Most viewed website" 4685:after journalists at 4606:information retrieval 4503: 4189: 4181: 4076: 4064: 3946: 3933:Cultural significance 3791:MIT Technology Review 3691: 3569:. Another example is 3453: 3439:The Knowledge Library 3352: 3339:Apache Traffic Server 3085: 2991:" that uses Znuny, a 2870:hardcore pornographic 2748:list of women writers 2498:paid advocacy editing 2280:and having too much " 2134:A study published by 2125: 2104:) or points of view. 1363:second-class citizens 1304: 1272: 1226:Arbitration Committee 1143:Further information: 941:Vanderbilt University 909:Seigenthaler incident 902: 864: 817: 662:most popular websites 651: 621:MIT Technology Review 538: 354:editions of Knowledge 323:most visited websites 217:January 15, 2001 25106:Online encyclopedias 24649:Fatana Ishaq Gailani 24633:Olayinka Koso-Thomas 24581:Frederik W. de Klerk 23995:Google and Knowledge 23916:WikiConference India 23576:Wikimedia Foundation 22779:Wikimedia Foundation 22714:Google and Knowledge 22479:Alan MacMasters hoax 22185:WikiConference India 22018:Deletion of articles 21136:. pp. 259–268. 20939:on October 21, 2012. 20512:on December 29, 2008 20473:GNU Operating System 20448:Wikimedia Foundation 20418:Wikimedia Foundation 20389:Wikimedia Foundation 20276:Wikimedia Foundation 20231:Wikimedia Foundation 20201:Wikimedia Foundation 20159:Wikimedia Foundation 20068:Wikimedia Foundation 20033:Wikimedia Foundation 20004:Wikimedia Foundation 19963:Wikimedia Foundation 19933:Wikimedia Foundation 19904:Wikimedia Foundation 19870:Wikimedia Foundation 19840:Wikimedia Foundation 19773:Wikimedia Foundation 19638:Wikimedia Foundation 19604:Wikimedia Foundation 19569:Wikimedia Foundation 19535:Wikimedia Foundation 19479:Wikimedia Foundation 19448:Wikimedia Foundation 19413:Wikimedia Foundation 19378:Wikimedia Foundation 19343:Wikimedia Foundation 19249:Wikimedia Foundation 19214:Wikimedia Foundation 19180:Wikimedia Foundation 19157:Knowledge:Bot policy 19088:Wikimedia Foundation 19022:Wikimedia Foundation 18990:Wikimedia Foundation 18958:on October 17, 2000. 18948:"UseMod: UseModWiki" 18922:Wikimedia Foundation 18914:"Project:Copyrights" 18884:"MediaWiki Features" 18822:Wikimedia Foundation 18814:"Wikimedia chapters" 18788:Wikimedia Foundation 18716:Wikimedia Foundation 18681:Wikimedia Foundation 18615:Wikimedia Foundation 18607:"Wikimedia Projects" 18581:Wikimedia Foundation 18517:Wikimedia Foundation 18483:Wikimedia Foundation 18362:Wikimedia Foundation 18216:Wikimedia Foundation 17879:No original research 17868:Knowledge:Notability 17801:Wikimedia Foundation 17768:Wikimedia Foundation 17735:Wikimedia Foundation 17704:Wikimedia Foundation 17681:Knowledge:Copyrights 17533:. January 18, 2023. 17530:Wikimedia Foundation 17447:Wikimedia Foundation 17185:Stallman, Richard M. 17158:Wikimedia Foundation 16675:10.2139/ssrn.3039505 16337:. pp. 509–518. 16285:. pp. 233–242. 15730:British Comedy Guide 15703:British Comedy Guide 15626:My Number One Doctor 15384:on February 20, 2007 15305:(October 19, 2017). 15047:Bridgewater, Frank. 15036:on January 23, 2007. 14862:(January 29, 2007). 14799:Parliament of Canada 14761:10.2139/ssrn.1346311 13860:on November 26, 2010 13680:. November 2, 2007. 13604:GNU Operating System 13320:Scherer, Frederic M. 13208:Lih, Andrew (2009). 12512:"Encyclopedia Frown" 11572:on December 29, 2020 11517:(February 5, 2008). 10897:(January 23, 2007). 10716:Tech Central Station 10223:. December 15, 2005. 10145:on December 14, 2014 9656:History News Network 9450:(January 17, 2012). 9382:"List of Wikipedias" 9318:"Is Knowledge Woke?" 9249:(January 31, 2011). 9108:. October 19, 2007. 8864:on November 22, 2009 8251:10.2139/SSRN.2269392 7671:on December 21, 2012 7498:. pp. 575–582. 7352:"World of Knowledge" 6701:. January 18, 2012. 6517:(February 9, 2014). 5844:on November 11, 2016 5431:on December 17, 2022 5278:on December 27, 2023 5272:Wikimedia Foundation 4849:Outline of Knowledge 4753:Encyclopedia of Life 4713:BBC Domesday Project 4450:Wikimedia Foundation 4344:Battlestar Galactica 4321:My Number One Doctor 4196:Prix Ars Electronica 4134:Age of Enlightenment 3966:Parliament of Canada 3939:Knowledge in culture 3655:Wikimedia Enterprise 3460:digital publications 3424:'s online newspaper 3365:servers running the 3343:Linux Virtual Server 3194:platform written in 3095:Wikimedia Foundation 3078:Wikimedia Foundation 2934:Wikimedia Foundation 2389:confidence intervals 2268:. In February 2021, 2266:ideologically biased 2094:spelling differences 1279:Wikimedia Foundation 1243:anti-social behavior 1006:Policies and content 964:University of Oxford 903:American journalist 425:History of Knowledge 343:Wikimedia Foundation 136:Wikimedia Foundation 69:, a globe featuring 24830:Amref Health Africa 24512:Enrique V. Iglesias 24506:José López Portillo 24424:Wikis and education 23183:Norwegian (Nynorsk) 22752:LGBTQ and Knowledge 22729:Science information 22709:Depths of Knowledge 22642:Listen to Knowledge 21826:Wall Street Journal 21390:2017PLoSO..1290046M 21362:Maggio, Lauren A.; 21290:2007cs........2140W 20972:2012PLoSO...730091Y 20873:, February 3, 2009. 20752:Library of Congress 20648:The Washington Post 20328:Wikimedia Meta-Wiki 20272:Wikimedia Meta-Wiki 20237:on December 9, 2013 20227:Wikimedia Meta-Wiki 20161:. February 16, 2018 20039:on January 11, 2010 20000:Wikimedia Meta-Wiki 19769:Wikimedia Meta-Wiki 19565:Wikimedia Meta-Wiki 19531:Wikimedia Meta-Wiki 18818:Wikimedia Meta-Wiki 18745:(August 13, 2014). 18553:on October 30, 2013 18513:Wikimedia Meta-Wiki 18415:on November 3, 2006 18212:Wikimedia Meta-Wiki 17982:on November 1, 2021 17700:Wikimedia Meta-Wiki 17696:"Wikimedia servers" 17626:Help:Recent changes 17499:"SOPA/Blackoutpage" 17266:"Let's Make a Wiki" 16603:2019EPJB...92....3C 16548:2016EPJB...89...69L 16444:on February 1, 2016 16115:(October 3, 2005). 15771:on October 12, 2014 15759:(August 23, 2013). 15544:. November 24, 2010 15440:on January 15, 2015 15355:"Webby Awards 2004" 15303:Derakhshan, Hossein 15241:Stanford University 15148:The Washington Post 14896:on January 18, 2013 14730:on February 3, 2007 14576:The Daily Telegraph 14298:on February 3, 2021 14200:China Digital Times 14036:on January 12, 2009 13823:The Daily Telegraph 13797:on October 23, 2010 13574:ICE Virtual Library 13378:. pp. 89–153. 13218:. pp. 99–106. 12982:The Daily Telegraph 12908:The Washington Post 12773:The Washington Post 12650:. October 2, 2018. 12364:on October 21, 2013 11994:2021NRvHM..27..207B 11937:"Bias in Knowledge" 11791:on October 2, 2016. 11597:The Washington Post 11489:The Daily Telegraph 11255:The Harvard Crimson 11033:on November 7, 2007 10841:The Washington Post 10723:on January 7, 2006. 10448:2012PLoSO...738869Y 10187:2005Natur.438..900G 10095:2021NRvHM..27..207B 9827:on August 14, 2011. 9813:(August 16, 2007). 9608:Jemielniak, Dariusz 9480:2012PLoSO...730091Y 9424:on October 24, 2006 9386:Wikimedia Meta-Wiki 9290:. August 27, 2013. 9106:Scientific American 8771:on February 5, 2007 8747:Viégas, Fernanda B. 8638:10.2307/j.ctvqsdrf9 8371:on February 9, 2008 8235:. Scarecrow Press. 7737:on August 22, 2014. 7578:on October 25, 2007 7531:on January 25, 2006 6969:on February 3, 2021 6410:"Mapping Knowledge" 6216:The Daily Telegraph 5501:The Washington Post 5105:on October 11, 2007 5035:Nostalgia Knowledge 4563:scientific journals 4405:John Julius Norwich 4046:freedom of panorama 4023:The Washington Post 3839:The Washington Post 3751:-based devices, or 3702:Internet connection 3198:and built upon the 3126:Wall Street Journal 3121:Wall Street Journal 2926:PROTECT Act of 2003 2864:, illustrations of 2754:sought to address. 2587:Medical information 2551:The Harvard Crimson 2368:, and in response, 2297:Accuracy of content 2227:undue-weight policy 1816: 1643: Other (31.9%) 1255:Knowledge community 561:Yongle Encyclopedia 463:Knowledge founders 295:online encyclopedia 233:Current status 107:Online encyclopedia 49: 25116:Wikimedia projects 24772:Max Planck Society 24518:Belisario Betancur 23974:Knowledge Monument 23864:Wikimedia movement 23846:Abstract Knowledge 23779:List of Wikipedias 23623:Dariusz Jemielniak 23618:Lisa Seitz-Gruwell 23336:Kurdish (Kurmanji) 22794:Knowledge in India 22784:Wikimedia movement 22719:Health information 22603:Knowledge Monument 22596:Viola angustifolia 22499:Henryk Batuta hoax 22494:Essjay controversy 22348:Lisa Seitz-Gruwell 22288:Dariusz Jemielniak 22137:List of Wikipedias 21911:The New York Times 21817:Crovitz, L. Gordon 21811:The Missing Manual 21509:. O'Reilly Media. 21364:Willinsky, John M. 20817:, April 17, 2016. 20758:, October 22, 2013 19983:Knowledge policies 19842:. October 22, 2008 19664:"Commons:Fair use" 18354:"Manual:Interwiki" 18208:"Non-free content" 18178:|archive-url= 18126:|archive-url= 18056:Special:Statistics 17706:. April 22, 2013. 17386:on October 6, 2008 17212:"Knowledge Is Up!" 16708:Sarabadani, Amir; 16395:. pp. 90–97. 16239:"Knowledge Corpus" 16015:The New York Times 15276:The New York Times 15243:. September 2016. 15205:(March 30, 2009). 15011:on March 12, 2014. 14868:The New York Times 14849:" in this source.) 14617:The New York Times 14489:(March 15, 2020). 14099:The New York Times 13645:The New York Times 13463:The New York Times 12846:The New York Times 12454:. April 28, 2023. 12275:The Economic Times 12187:. April 29, 2010. 11856:. August 7, 2018. 11719:The New York Times 11669:on August 7, 2011. 11526:The New York Times 10936:The New York Times 10674:on Social Software 10005:. April 27, 2022. 9852:Hoover Institution 9649:(April 19, 2010). 9255:The New York Times 8455:(April 18, 2005). 7186:The New York Times 7142:Zittrain, Jonathan 7085:The Indian Express 6931:The Economic Times 6526:The New York Times 6061:on April 30, 2011. 6053:The New York Times 6047:(March 28, 2009). 5748:The New York Times 5396:on January 1, 2023 5329:"Knowledge biases" 5167:on January 7, 2021 4673:In February 2022, 4517: 4454:Wikimedia projects 4403:In December 2015, 4307:, office manager ( 4275:The Colbert Report 4249:Asturian Knowledge 4192: 4184: 4118:Hossein Derakhshan 4089: 4071: 4039:Italian politician 3975:Civil Marriage Act 3962: 3949:Knowledge Monument 3857:The New York Times 3855:In February 2014, 3823:Cultural influence 3728:The New York Times 3723:The New York Times 3718:The New York Times 3710:The New York Times 3694: 3684:Help:Mobile access 3456: 3355: 3252:Lee Daniel Crocker 3162:Wikimedia chapters 3091: 2868:, and photos from 2694:images of Muhammad 2556:Harvard University 2520:The Colbert Report 2334:, January 15, 2014 2153:On March 1, 2014, 2128: 1809: 1428:List of Wikipedias 1315: 1287: 1204:consensus building 1194:Dispute resolution 912: 867: 820: 763:The Economic Times 733:Knowledge Monument 681:The New York Times 671:The New York Times 658: 579:Enciclopedia Libre 549:postings, and web 541: 387:against women and 307:open collaboration 47: 24884: 24883: 24880: 24879: 24787: 24786: 24779:Fulbright Program 24701:Erasmus Programme 24562:Mikhail Gorbachev 24480:Laureates of the 24447: 24446: 24275:Resistance Manual 24008: 24007: 23796:Wikimedia Commons 23757: 23756: 23679:Florence Devouard 23628:Rebecca MacKinnon 23542: 23541: 22849: 22848: 22578: 22577: 22555:COVID-19 pandemic 22543:American politics 22504:Jar'Edo Wens hoax 22376: 22375: 22308:Ira Brad Matetsky 22293:Rebecca MacKinnon 22263:Florence Devouard 21833:Postrel, Virginia 21780:978-1-108-78070-4 21746:978-0-262-53817-6 21721:978-0-8047-8944-8 21689:978-0-262-01447-2 21664:978-3-8394-5862-4 21645:978-0-7546-7433-7 21624:978-1-4013-0371-6 21600:978-0-9562052-0-9 21574:978-0-521-69464-3 21559:. Cambridge, UK: 21540:978-0-596-52174-5 21516:978-0-596-51516-4 21495:978-1-59327-176-3 21456:978-0-385-52080-5 21229:978-94-028-1371-5 21190:. Montreal: ACM. 21161:978-1-59593-845-9 20909:978-1-4214-1535-2 20820: 20819:(Includes video.) 20802:on August 4, 2016 20596:"Knowledge Rules" 20505:Houston Chronicle 20332:Wikimedia Commons 19876:on August 4, 2012 19866:Knowledge, The 💕 19723:on April 23, 2022 19672:Wikimedia Commons 19668:Knowledge, The 💕 19634:Knowledge, The 💕 19444:Knowledge, The 💕 18986:Knowledge, The 💕 18611:Knowledge, The 💕 18577:Knowledge, The 💕 18078:Wikimedia Commons 17443:Knowledge, The 💕 17302:on March 31, 2001 17276:on April 14, 2003 17187:(June 20, 2007). 16874:(10): 1142–1148. 16810:(November 2018). 16792:978-3-540-78645-0 16745:978-1-4503-4914-7 16669:. Rochester, NY. 16410:978-1-59593-135-1 16378:de Rijke, Maarten 16362:978-1-59593-991-3 16300:978-1-59593-803-9 16243:lukelindemann.com 16073:(June 14, 2013). 15912:978-1-118-05066-8 15898:Wikis for dummies 15799:. August 22, 2013 15361:on July 22, 2011. 15213:on March 30, 2009 15005:Japan News Review 14952:on August 5, 2012 14378:"Knowledge users" 14328:on April 30, 2022 13636:(July 19, 2009). 13455:(March 5, 2007). 13393:978-0-262-27623-8 13266:Smashing Magazine 13225:978-1-4013-0371-6 13185:. July 21, 2014. 12406:978-1-4541-9163-6 12130:Macquarie Network 12090:978-1-4503-7024-0 11958:978-1-4503-4914-7 11450:. March 6, 2008. 11225:. June 28, 2014. 11164:on April 21, 2012 11004:978-0-314-26408-4 10680:on March 16, 2006 10631:(July 23, 2006). 10543:on March 18, 2008 10360:on March 25, 2006 10249:. Montreal: ACM. 10181:(7070): 900–901. 10167:(December 2005). 10047:978-1-4503-4914-7 9906:978-0-262-36059-3 9610:(June 22, 2014). 9584:. March 1, 2014. 8990:on August 3, 2014 8721:Emory Law Journal 8694:Emory Law Journal 8647:978-0-8047-9120-5 8196:. July 17, 2013. 8192:. Cambridge, MA: 8128:978-1-4503-8779-8 8078:(13): 1987–2005. 7820:978-1-60558-730-1 7777:978-1-4673-9743-8 7645:978-0-374-29278-2 7632:The World is Flat 7513:978-1-58113-702-6 7463:978-1-4503-0788-8 7157:978-0-300-12487-3 6668:Los Angeles Times 6490:on March 19, 2012 6352:Ward, Katherine. 5976:978-1-60558-730-1 5931:978-1-59420-153-0 5510:on June 14, 2018. 5494:(April 7, 2018). 4900:To be considered 4470:Wikimedia Commons 4444:Wikimedia project 4126:decentralized web 4080:accepts the 2008 4062: 3970:same-sex marriage 3905:COVID-19 pandemic 3893:COVID-19 pandemic 3708:since July 2013, 3549:Methods of access 3538:Wikimedia Commons 3483:Content licensing 3471:Access to content 3454:Knowledge Library 3375:Ashburn, Virginia 3300:Sverker Johansson 3283:Automated editing 3260:In April 2005, a 3186:, a custom-made, 2985:Knowledge has a " 2910:Wikimedia Commons 2792:Technology Review 2668: 2667: 2581:flipped classroom 2486: 2485: 2364:were disputed by 2338: 2337: 2085: 2084: 2081: 2080: 1687:Swedish Knowledge 1651:language versions 1422:Language editions 1379:Dartmouth College 1302: 1283:Frankfurt am Main 1270: 1067: 1066: 923:John Seigenthaler 905:John Seigenthaler 875:transaction costs 857:Review of changes 804:Swahili Knowledge 798:to the left as a 796:table of contents 722:In January 2013, 602:low-hanging fruit 573:Spanish Knowledge 556:English Knowledge 514:Launch and growth 502:at the urging of 389:geographical bias 358:English Knowledge 329:, and seventh by 285: 284: 121:Country of origin 113:Available in 67:logo of Knowledge 36:English Knowledge 16:(Redirected from 25123: 25051: 25043: 25042: 25041: 25034: 25026: 25025: 25024: 25017: 25016:from Wikiversity 25009: 25008: 25007: 25000: 24992: 24991: 24990: 24983: 24975: 24974: 24973: 24966: 24958: 24957: 24956: 24949: 24941: 24940: 24939: 24932: 24924: 24923: 24922: 24915: 24907: 24906: 24905: 24895: 24793: 24792: 24752:and the Spanish 24645:Rigoberta Menchú 24491: 24490: 24474: 24467: 24460: 24451: 24450: 24345:WikiProfessional 24035: 24028: 24021: 24012: 24011: 23985:Tides Foundation 23950:Knowledge Engine 23719:Patricio Lorente 23684:Oscar van Dillen 23643:Esra'a Al Shafei 23613:Maryana Iskander 23587: 23586: 23569: 23562: 23555: 23546: 23545: 23341:Kurdish (Sorani) 22885:by article count 22876: 22869: 22862: 22853: 22852: 22837: 22836: 22825: 22824: 22774:Wiki rabbit hole 22622:Academic studies 22590:274301 Knowledge 22387: 22386: 22283:Maryana Iskander 22258:Esra'a Al Shafei 22093: 22092: 22036:Ignore all rules 21946: 21939: 21932: 21923: 21922: 21902: 21867: 21862: 21861: 21859:Official website 21842:Pacific Standard 21797:Baker, Nicholson 21784: 21757: 21755: 21753: 21725: 21710:. Stanford, CA: 21700: 21698: 21696: 21668: 21649: 21628: 21604: 21592: 21578: 21558: 21549:Rafaeli, Sheizaf 21544: 21532: 21520: 21499: 21475: 21460: 21421: 21411: 21401: 21358: 21329: 21311: 21301: 21283: 21241: 21206: 21204: 21202: 21185: 21173: 21145: 21120: 21118: 21116: 21111: 21086: 21076: 21066: 21056: 21024: 21003: 20993: 20983: 20965: 20940: 20938: 20923: 20913: 20885:Academic studies 20836: 20818: 20811: 20809: 20807: 20798:. Archived from 20765: 20735: 20730: 20728: 20710: 20708: 20706: 20697:. Archived from 20683: 20681: 20679: 20670:. Archived from 20658: 20656: 20654: 20638: 20636: 20634: 20612: 20610: 20608: 20590: 20588: 20586: 20568: 20566: 20564: 20548: 20546: 20544: 20521: 20519: 20517: 20484: 20483: 20481: 20479: 20469:"The 💕 Project" 20465: 20459: 20458: 20456: 20454: 20435: 20429: 20428: 20426: 20424: 20406: 20400: 20399: 20397: 20395: 20376: 20370: 20369: 20367: 20365: 20349: 20343: 20342: 20340: 20338: 20320: 20314: 20313: 20311: 20309: 20293: 20287: 20286: 20284: 20282: 20264: 20258: 20253: 20247: 20246: 20244: 20242: 20219: 20213: 20212: 20210: 20208: 20197: 20188: 20182: 20177: 20171: 20170: 20168: 20166: 20147: 20138: 20137: 20135: 20133: 20112: 20106: 20105: 20103: 20101: 20085: 20079: 20078: 20076: 20074: 20055: 20049: 20048: 20046: 20044: 20021: 20015: 20014: 20012: 20010: 19992: 19986: 19985:on data download 19980: 19974: 19973: 19971: 19969: 19950: 19944: 19943: 19941: 19939: 19921: 19915: 19914: 19912: 19910: 19892: 19886: 19885: 19883: 19881: 19872:. 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Archived from 19713:"Wapedia review" 19708: 19699: 19694: 19688: 19687: 19685: 19683: 19660: 19654: 19653: 19651: 19649: 19626: 19620: 19619: 19617: 19615: 19591: 19585: 19584: 19582: 19580: 19557: 19551: 19550: 19548: 19546: 19523: 19517: 19512: 19506: 19501: 19495: 19494: 19492: 19490: 19470: 19464: 19463: 19461: 19459: 19436: 19430: 19429: 19427: 19425: 19404: 19398: 19397: 19395: 19393: 19387: 19374: 19365: 19359: 19358: 19356: 19354: 19331: 19325: 19324: 19322: 19320: 19301: 19295: 19294: 19292: 19290: 19271: 19265: 19264: 19262: 19260: 19236: 19230: 19229: 19227: 19225: 19202: 19196: 19195: 19193: 19191: 19168: 19159: 19154: 19148: 19147: 19145: 19143: 19121: 19115: 19110: 19104: 19103: 19101: 19099: 19075: 19069: 19068: 19066: 19064: 19045: 19039: 19038: 19036: 19034: 19012: 19006: 19005: 19003: 19001: 18977: 18971: 18966: 18960: 18959: 18954:. Archived from 18944: 18938: 18937: 18935: 18933: 18910: 18904: 18903: 18901: 18899: 18880: 18874: 18873: 18871: 18869: 18864:on March 3, 2009 18863: 18856: 18847: 18838: 18837: 18835: 18833: 18810: 18804: 18803: 18801: 18799: 18775: 18769: 18768: 18766: 18764: 18739: 18733: 18732: 18730: 18728: 18707: 18701: 18700: 18698: 18696: 18690: 18684:. May 17, 2022. 18677: 18669: 18663: 18662: 18660: 18658: 18652: 18645: 18637: 18631: 18630: 18628: 18626: 18617:. May 30, 2018. 18603: 18597: 18596: 18594: 18592: 18569: 18563: 18562: 18560: 18558: 18539: 18533: 18532: 18530: 18528: 18505: 18499: 18498: 18496: 18494: 18479:"Privacy policy" 18475: 18469: 18464: 18458: 18453: 18447: 18442: 18436: 18431: 18425: 18424: 18422: 18420: 18411:. Archived from 18395: 18389: 18384: 18378: 18377: 18375: 18373: 18350: 18344: 18343: 18341: 18339: 18324: 18315: 18314: 18312: 18310: 18295: 18289: 18288: 18286: 18284: 18269: 18263: 18262: 18260: 18258: 18249:(Mailing list). 18238: 18232: 18231: 18229: 18227: 18204: 18198: 18197: 18191: 18185: 18179: 18174: 18172: 18164: 18152: 18146: 18145: 18139: 18133: 18127: 18122: 18120: 18112: 18100: 18094: 18093: 18091: 18089: 18075: 18064: 18058: 18053: 18047: 18046: 18044: 18042: 18027: 18018: 18013: 18007: 18002: 17996: 17995: 17989: 17987: 17978:. 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Archived from 17270:Internet Archive 17261: 17255: 17254: 17252: 17250: 17234: 17228: 17227: 17225: 17223: 17214:. Archived from 17207: 17201: 17200: 17198: 17196: 17189:"The 💕 Project" 17181: 17175: 17174: 17172: 17170: 17149: 17129: 17128: 17126: 17124: 17108: 17102: 17101: 17096: 17094: 17080:Orlowski, Andrew 17076: 17070: 17069: 17064:. Archived from 17054: 17048: 17047: 17045: 17043: 17023: 17017: 17016: 17014: 17012: 16995: 16989: 16988: 16986: 16984: 16962: 16956: 16955: 16953: 16951: 16942:. Archived from 16938:Heart Internet. 16935: 16929: 16928: 16926: 16924: 16902: 16896: 16895: 16893: 16883: 16856: 16850: 16849: 16839: 16806:Asthana, Sumit; 16803: 16797: 16796: 16776: 16756: 16750: 16749: 16729: 16705: 16699: 16698: 16662: 16656: 16655: 16653: 16651: 16637: 16629: 16623: 16622: 16596: 16574: 16568: 16567: 16541: 16519: 16513: 16512: 16510: 16508: 16491: 16482: 16481: 16479: 16477: 16460: 16454: 16453: 16451: 16449: 16428: 16422: 16421: 16419: 16386: 16373: 16367: 16366: 16346: 16318: 16312: 16311: 16309: 16272: 16260: 16254: 16253: 16251: 16249: 16234: 16228: 16227: 16225: 16223: 16214:. Archived from 16203: 16197: 16196: 16194: 16192: 16171: 16162: 16161: 16159: 16157: 16143: 16137: 16136: 16134: 16132: 16109: 16103: 16102: 16096: 16094: 16078: 16067: 16061: 16060: 16058: 16056: 16051:on June 29, 2014 16037: 16031: 16030: 16028: 16026: 16006: 16000: 15999: 15979: 15973: 15972: 15962: 15939: 15933: 15932: 15892: 15886: 15885: 15867: 15847: 15841: 15840: 15838: 15836: 15822: 15815: 15809: 15808: 15806: 15804: 15787: 15781: 15780: 15778: 15776: 15767:. Archived from 15753: 15747: 15746: 15744: 15742: 15737:on July 31, 2009 15733:. Archived from 15721: 15715: 15714: 15712: 15710: 15693: 15687: 15665: 15659: 15658: 15646: 15640: 15639: 15618: 15612: 15611: 15609: 15607: 15585: 15579: 15578: 15560: 15554: 15553: 15551: 15549: 15532: 15526: 15525: 15523: 15521: 15504: 15498: 15497: 15495: 15493: 15478: 15472: 15471: 15469: 15467: 15456: 15450: 15449: 15447: 15445: 15436:. Archived from 15426: 15420: 15419: 15417: 15415: 15406:. Archived from 15400: 15394: 15393: 15391: 15389: 15369: 15363: 15362: 15351: 15345: 15344: 15342: 15340: 15299: 15293: 15292: 15290: 15288: 15266: 15257: 15256: 15254: 15252: 15229: 15223: 15222: 15220: 15218: 15203:Grillini, Franco 15199: 15193: 15192: 15190: 15188: 15171: 15165: 15164: 15162: 15160: 15138: 15132: 15131: 15129: 15127: 15112: 15106: 15105: 15103: 15101: 15077: 15071: 15070: 15068: 15066: 15044: 15038: 15037: 15032:. Archived from 15019: 15013: 15012: 14997: 14991: 14990: 14985: 14983: 14968: 14962: 14961: 14959: 14957: 14948:. Archived from 14935: 14929: 14928: 14912: 14906: 14905: 14903: 14901: 14885: 14879: 14878: 14876: 14874: 14856: 14850: 14840: 14838: 14836: 14827:. Archived from 14816: 14810: 14809: 14807: 14805: 14787: 14781: 14780: 14746: 14740: 14739: 14737: 14735: 14729: 14723:. Archived from 14722: 14714: 14708: 14707: 14705: 14703: 14681: 14675: 14674: 14672: 14670: 14648: 14642: 14641: 14639: 14637: 14607: 14601: 14600: 14598: 14596: 14566: 14560: 14559: 14557: 14555: 14527: 14521: 14520: 14518: 14516: 14483: 14474: 14473: 14471: 14469: 14449:The New Republic 14439: 14433: 14432: 14430: 14428: 14422:Business Insider 14413: 14407: 14406: 14401: 14399: 14394:on March 6, 2008 14393: 14382: 14373: 14367: 14366: 14361: 14359: 14354:on July 30, 2008 14344: 14338: 14337: 14335: 14333: 14324:. Archived from 14314: 14308: 14307: 14305: 14303: 14294:. Archived from 14284: 14278: 14277: 14275: 14273: 14256: 14250: 14249: 14247: 14245: 14223: 14217: 14216: 14214: 14212: 14190: 14184: 14183: 14181: 14179: 14157: 14151: 14150: 14148: 14146: 14124: 14115: 14114: 14112: 14110: 14096: 14088: 14077: 14076: 14074: 14072: 14052: 14046: 14045: 14043: 14041: 14032:. Archived from 14021: 14015: 14014: 14012: 14010: 13991: 13985: 13984: 13966: 13957: 13951: 13950: 13948: 13946: 13921: 13915: 13914: 13896: 13876: 13870: 13869: 13867: 13865: 13845: 13839: 13838: 13836: 13834: 13820: 13813: 13807: 13806: 13804: 13802: 13793:. Archived from 13787: 13781: 13780: 13778: 13776: 13755: 13749: 13748: 13743:. Archived from 13733: 13727: 13726: 13724: 13722: 13700: 13694: 13693: 13691: 13689: 13668: 13662: 13661: 13659: 13657: 13641: 13630: 13624: 13623: 13621: 13619: 13596: 13590: 13589: 13587: 13585: 13565: 13559: 13558: 13556: 13554: 13532: 13526: 13525: 13519: 13517: 13485: 13479: 13478: 13476: 13474: 13460: 13449: 13443: 13442: 13440: 13438: 13416: 13410: 13409: 13407: 13405: 13365: 13354: 13353: 13351: 13349: 13316: 13310: 13309: 13307: 13305: 13289: 13283: 13282: 13280: 13278: 13256: 13250: 13249: 13247: 13245: 13205: 13199: 13198: 13196: 13194: 13173: 13167: 13166: 13164: 13162: 13148: 13140: 13134: 13133: 13131: 13129: 13107: 13101: 13100: 13098: 13096: 13074: 13065: 13064: 13062: 13060: 13040: 13031: 13030: 13028: 13026: 13004: 12998: 12997: 12995: 12993: 12979: 12971: 12965: 12964: 12962: 12960: 12938: 12932: 12931: 12929: 12927: 12899: 12893: 12892: 12890: 12888: 12868: 12862: 12861: 12859: 12857: 12843: 12832: 12826: 12825: 12823: 12821: 12799: 12790: 12789: 12787: 12785: 12763: 12757: 12756: 12754: 12752: 12725:Springer Science 12714: 12706: 12700: 12699: 12697: 12695: 12673: 12664: 12663: 12661: 12659: 12640: 12634: 12633: 12631: 12629: 12607: 12596: 12595: 12593: 12591: 12571: 12565: 12564: 12562: 12560: 12538: 12532: 12531: 12529: 12527: 12507: 12501: 12500: 12498: 12496: 12474: 12468: 12467: 12465: 12463: 12444: 12438: 12437: 12417: 12411: 12410: 12380: 12374: 12373: 12371: 12369: 12360:. Archived from 12349: 12343: 12342: 12340: 12338: 12329:. May 10, 2010. 12319: 12313: 12312: 12300: 12291: 12290: 12288: 12286: 12267: 12261: 12260: 12258: 12256: 12241: 12232: 12231: 12229: 12227: 12218:. Archived from 12207: 12201: 12200: 12198: 12196: 12177: 12171: 12170: 12168: 12166: 12144: 12138: 12137: 12132:. Archived from 12121: 12115: 12114: 12112: 12110: 12064: 12058: 12057: 12047: 12023: 12014: 12013: 11977: 11971: 11970: 11932: 11923: 11922: 11920: 11918: 11900: 11876: 11870: 11869: 11867: 11865: 11844: 11838: 11837: 11831: 11829: 11799: 11793: 11792: 11787:. Archived from 11776: 11770: 11769: 11767: 11765: 11759: 11752: 11741: 11735: 11734: 11732: 11730: 11710: 11704: 11703: 11701: 11699: 11677: 11671: 11670: 11665:. Archived from 11652: 11646: 11645: 11643: 11641: 11619: 11613: 11612: 11610: 11608: 11588: 11582: 11581: 11579: 11577: 11568:. Archived from 11557: 11551: 11550: 11548: 11546: 11522: 11511: 11505: 11504: 11502: 11500: 11486: 11478: 11472: 11471: 11469: 11467: 11445: 11438: 11432: 11431: 11429: 11427: 11399: 11390: 11389: 11387: 11385: 11355: 11346: 11345: 11343: 11341: 11301: 11293: 11287: 11272:Chloe Stothart. 11270: 11264: 11263: 11245: 11239: 11238: 11236: 11234: 11211: 11205: 11204: 11202: 11200: 11180: 11174: 11173: 11171: 11169: 11160:. Archived from 11149: 11143: 11142: 11140: 11138: 11129:. Archived from 11127:Inside Higher Ed 11118: 11112: 11111: 11109: 11107: 11101: 11078: 11058: 11049: 11043: 11042: 11040: 11038: 11019: 11013: 11012: 11009:Internet Archive 10984: 10978: 10977: 10975: 10973: 10964:. Archived from 10957: 10948: 10947: 10945: 10943: 10927: 10921: 10920: 10918: 10916: 10895:Bergstein, Brian 10891: 10885: 10884: 10882: 10880: 10875:on July 30, 2009 10871:. Archived from 10858: 10852: 10851: 10849: 10847: 10832: 10826: 10825: 10823: 10821: 10805: 10797: 10788: 10787: 10785: 10783: 10764: 10758: 10757: 10755: 10753: 10731: 10725: 10724: 10719:. Archived from 10706: 10700: 10699: 10687: 10685: 10661: 10655: 10654: 10652: 10650: 10625: 10619: 10618: 10616: 10614: 10592: 10586: 10585: 10583: 10581: 10559: 10553: 10552: 10550: 10548: 10539:. Archived from 10537:The New Republic 10528: 10522: 10521: 10519: 10517: 10495: 10489: 10486: 10480: 10479: 10469: 10459: 10441: 10417: 10411: 10410: 10408: 10406: 10386: 10376: 10370: 10369: 10367: 10365: 10359: 10352: 10344: 10338: 10337: 10335: 10328: 10313: 10307: 10306: 10304: 10302: 10280: 10274: 10273: 10271: 10269: 10263: 10244: 10233: 10227: 10224: 10211: 10208: 10198: 10161: 10155: 10154: 10152: 10150: 10131: 10125: 10121: 10115: 10114: 10078: 10072: 10058: 10052: 10051: 10025: 10019: 10018: 10016: 10014: 9999:"Knowledge Bias" 9995: 9989: 9988: 9986: 9984: 9979:on July 16, 2021 9975:. Archived from 9962: 9956: 9955: 9953: 9951: 9929: 9923: 9922: 9920: 9918: 9898: 9874: 9868: 9867: 9865: 9863: 9835: 9829: 9828: 9823:. Archived from 9807: 9801: 9800: 9798: 9796: 9773: 9767: 9766: 9764: 9762: 9756: 9727: 9718: 9712: 9711: 9709: 9707: 9691: 9683: 9677: 9676: 9674: 9672: 9643: 9634: 9633: 9631: 9629: 9604: 9598: 9597: 9595: 9593: 9579: 9572: 9561: 9560: 9558: 9556: 9546: 9526: 9518: 9512: 9511: 9501: 9491: 9473: 9443: 9434: 9433: 9431: 9429: 9423: 9417:. Archived from 9412: 9403: 9397: 9396: 9394: 9392: 9378: 9372: 9371: 9369: 9367: 9347: 9338: 9337: 9335: 9333: 9313: 9304: 9303: 9301: 9299: 9280: 9271: 9270: 9268: 9266: 9243: 9237: 9236: 9234: 9232: 9212: 9206: 9205: 9203: 9201: 9189:Psychology Today 9179: 9173: 9172: 9170: 9168: 9128: 9122: 9121: 9119: 9117: 9098: 9092: 9091: 9085: 9083: 9047: 9038: 9037: 9035: 9033: 9009: 9000: 8999: 8997: 8995: 8986:. Archived from 8979: 8973: 8972: 8970: 8968: 8946: 8940: 8939: 8937: 8935: 8923:Business Insider 8913: 8902: 8901: 8899: 8883: 8877: 8876: 8871: 8869: 8863: 8857:. Archived from 8856: 8847: 8841: 8840: 8838: 8836: 8820: 8814: 8813: 8811: 8809: 8787: 8781: 8780: 8778: 8776: 8770: 8764:. Archived from 8759: 8743: 8737: 8736: 8716: 8710: 8709: 8689: 8676: 8675: 8669: 8667: 8628:. Stanford, CA: 8619: 8606: 8605: 8603: 8601: 8579: 8573: 8572: 8570: 8568: 8546: 8540: 8539: 8537: 8535: 8520: 8514: 8513: 8511: 8509: 8485: 8479: 8478: 8476: 8474: 8449: 8443: 8442: 8410: 8401: 8400: 8387: 8381: 8380: 8378: 8376: 8357: 8351: 8350: 8318: 8312: 8311: 8301: 8277: 8271: 8270: 8244: 8221: 8210: 8209: 8207: 8205: 8180: 8174: 8173: 8163: 8139: 8133: 8132: 8102: 8096: 8095: 8063: 8057: 8056: 8024: 8018: 8017: 7993: 7987: 7986: 7976: 7936: 7930: 7929: 7905: 7899: 7898: 7881:(5–6): 254–265. 7870: 7864: 7863: 7861: 7859: 7831: 7825: 7824: 7812: 7796: 7790: 7789: 7761: 7745: 7739: 7738: 7733:. Archived from 7720: 7714: 7713: 7711: 7709: 7700:. Archived from 7687: 7681: 7680: 7678: 7676: 7667:. Archived from 7656: 7650: 7649: 7627: 7621: 7620: 7618: 7616: 7601: 7588: 7587: 7585: 7583: 7577: 7571:. Archived from 7570: 7556: 7547: 7541: 7540: 7538: 7536: 7530: 7524:. Archived from 7497: 7486: 7480: 7479: 7477: 7475: 7447: 7427: 7421: 7420: 7414: 7396: 7388: 7382: 7381: 7375: 7373: 7367: 7361:. Archived from 7356: 7347: 7338: 7337: 7305: 7299: 7298: 7296: 7294: 7274: 7268: 7267: 7265: 7263: 7251:Business Insider 7241: 7235: 7234: 7232: 7230: 7208: 7202: 7201: 7199: 7197: 7183: 7175: 7169: 7168: 7166: 7164: 7138: 7132: 7131: 7129: 7127: 7107: 7101: 7100: 7098: 7096: 7076: 7067: 7066: 7064: 7062: 7040: 7031: 7030: 7028: 7026: 7011: 7005: 7004: 7002: 7000: 6985: 6979: 6978: 6976: 6974: 6965:. Archived from 6953: 6947: 6946: 6944: 6942: 6922: 6911: 6910: 6908: 6906: 6884: 6878: 6877: 6875: 6873: 6851: 6845: 6844: 6842: 6840: 6818: 6812: 6811: 6809: 6807: 6787: 6781: 6780: 6778: 6776: 6754: 6748: 6747: 6745: 6743: 6721: 6715: 6714: 6712: 6710: 6691: 6685: 6684: 6682: 6680: 6658: 6652: 6651: 6649: 6647: 6625: 6619: 6618: 6582: 6576: 6575: 6573: 6571: 6549: 6543: 6542: 6540: 6538: 6522: 6511: 6500: 6499: 6497: 6495: 6486:. Archived from 6475: 6469: 6468: 6466: 6464: 6448: 6440: 6431: 6430: 6428: 6426: 6412: 6404: 6398: 6397: 6395: 6393: 6371: 6363: 6357: 6350: 6344: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6325: 6317: 6311: 6310: 6308: 6306: 6284: 6269: 6268: 6266: 6264: 6250: 6242: 6233: 6232: 6230: 6228: 6212: 6204: 6198: 6197: 6195: 6193: 6177: 6169: 6163: 6162: 6160: 6158: 6132: 6126: 6125: 6123: 6121: 6101: 6095: 6094: 6093: 6087: 6085: 6078: 6069: 6063: 6062: 6060: 6055:. Archived from 6041: 6035: 6034: 6029:. Archived from 6018: 6012: 6011: 6009: 6007: 5987: 5981: 5980: 5952: 5943: 5942: 5940: 5938: 5908: 5902: 5901: 5893: 5887: 5886: 5884: 5882: 5860: 5854: 5853: 5851: 5849: 5840:. Archived from 5827: 5821: 5820: 5818: 5816: 5799: 5793: 5792: 5790: 5788: 5773: 5762: 5761: 5756: 5754: 5739: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5697: 5685: 5676: 5675: 5673: 5671: 5651: 5645: 5644: 5642: 5640: 5618: 5612: 5611: 5609: 5607: 5585: 5579: 5578: 5576: 5574: 5554: 5545: 5544: 5542: 5540: 5518: 5512: 5511: 5509: 5504:. Archived from 5488: 5477: 5476: 5474: 5472: 5450: 5441: 5440: 5438: 5436: 5430: 5425:. Archived from 5412: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5401: 5395: 5378: 5372: 5371: 5369: 5367: 5352: 5346: 5345: 5343: 5341: 5324: 5318: 5317: 5315: 5313: 5294: 5288: 5287: 5285: 5283: 5274:. Archived from 5263: 5254: 5253: 5251: 5249: 5238: 5232: 5231: 5229: 5227: 5216: 5210: 5209: 5207: 5205: 5183: 5177: 5176: 5174: 5172: 5166: 5149: 5140: 5139: 5137: 5135: 5121: 5115: 5114: 5112: 5110: 5101:. Archived from 5088: 5068: 5061: 5055: 5052: 5046: 5043: 5037: 5031: 5025: 5021: 5017: 5012: 5011: 5010: 5009: 5002: 4999: 4998: 4995: 4992: 4989: 4986: 4974: 4970: 4965: 4964: 4963: 4962: 4955: 4952: 4951: 4948: 4945: 4942: 4939: 4936: 4933: 4930: 4927: 4924: 4921: 4911: 4905: 4898: 4892: 4889: 4872:Knowledge Review 4806: 4804:Knowledge portal 4801: 4800: 4799: 4792: 4787: 4786: 4707:Related projects 4660:machine learning 4559:wisdom of crowds 4297: 4230:David Weinberger 4169: 4166: 4163: 4160: 4157: 4151: 4106: 4063: 3875:Business Insider 3700:through a fixed 3530:Creative Commons 3190:and open source 3166:Catalan language 3160:. These include 3151:Maryana Iskander 3034:Donna Strickland 2990: 2989: 2980:right to privacy 2972:German Knowledge 2806:Explicit content 2736:An editorial in 2663: 2660: 2654: 2642: 2641: 2634: 2512: 2474: 2473: 2462: 2461: 2386: 2319: 2318: 2307: 2306: 2259:Stephen Harrison 1875: 1874: 1817: 1801: 1789: 1695:Waray Wikipedias 1642: 1632: 1622: 1612: 1602: 1592: 1582: 1572: 1562: 1552: 1542: 1532: 1522: 1512: 1502: 1492: 1482: 1472: 1462: 1452: 1442: 1385:Business Insider 1305:Wikipedians and 1303: 1271: 1055: 1054: 1038: 1037: 1029: 1017: 1016: 850:German Knowledge 769:Knowledge Graphs 724:274301 Knowledge 582: 581: 504:Richard Stallman 457: 448: 363: 251: 228: 226: 221: 209:registered users 175: 172: 91: 63: 57: 50: 46: 21: 25131: 25130: 25126: 25125: 25124: 25122: 25121: 25120: 25056: 25055: 25054: 25044: 25039: 25037: 25033:from Wikivoyage 25027: 25022: 25020: 25010: 25005: 25003: 24993: 24988: 24986: 24982:from Wikisource 24976: 24971: 24969: 24959: 24954: 24952: 24942: 24937: 24935: 24925: 24920: 24918: 24914:from Wiktionary 24908: 24903: 24901: 24898: 24894:sister projects 24891:at Knowledge's 24885: 24876: 24858:Ellen MacArthur 24818:Paris Agreement 24798: 24783: 24671:Valeri Polyakov 24524:Contadora group 24496: 24485: 24478: 24448: 24443: 24412: 24379: 24235:The Hidden Wiki 24153: 24132: 24091: 24075: 24044: 24039: 24009: 24004: 23954: 23852: 23753: 23724:Katherine Maher 23652: 23601: 23578: 23573: 23543: 23538: 23526: 23477:Dutch Low Saxon 23455: 23441:Western Punjabi 23406:Scottish Gaelic 23263: 23257: 23020: 23014: 22965:Egyptian Arabic 22943: 22907: 22886: 22880: 22850: 22845: 22813: 22769:Print Knowledge 22733: 22692: 22651: 22614: 22608: 22574: 22531: 22465: 22372: 22298:Katherine Maher 22246: 22240: 22204: 22168: 22087: 22080: 22068:Citation needed 21962: 21955: 21950: 21857: 21856: 21853: 21848: 21792: 21787: 21781: 21751: 21749: 21747: 21722: 21694: 21692: 21690: 21665: 21646: 21625: 21601: 21575: 21541: 21517: 21496: 21457: 21435: 21429: 21424: 21299:10.1.1.342.6933 21246:Rosenzweig, Roy 21230: 21200: 21198: 21183: 21162: 21143:10.1.1.123.7456 21114: 21112: 21064:10.1.1.246.4536 20936: 20921: 20910: 20893: 20887: 20882: 20871:The Independent 20805: 20803: 20794: 20773:Wayback Machine 20763: 20726: 20724: 20713: 20704: 20702: 20701:on June 2, 2005 20677: 20675: 20674:on May 27, 2009 20652: 20650: 20632: 20630: 20606: 20604: 20584: 20582: 20562: 20560: 20542: 20540: 20515: 20513: 20493: 20491:Further reading 20488: 20487: 20477: 20475: 20467: 20466: 20462: 20452: 20450: 20436: 20432: 20422: 20420: 20408: 20407: 20403: 20393: 20391: 20377: 20373: 20363: 20361: 20350: 20346: 20336: 20334: 20322: 20321: 20317: 20307: 20305: 20294: 20290: 20280: 20278: 20266: 20265: 20261: 20254: 20250: 20240: 20238: 20221: 20220: 20216: 20206: 20204: 20195: 20189: 20185: 20178: 20174: 20164: 20162: 20149: 20148: 20141: 20131: 20129: 20114: 20113: 20109: 20099: 20097: 20087: 20086: 20082: 20072: 20070: 20056: 20052: 20042: 20040: 20023: 20022: 20018: 20008: 20006: 19994: 19993: 19989: 19981: 19977: 19967: 19965: 19951: 19947: 19937: 19935: 19923: 19922: 19918: 19908: 19906: 19894: 19893: 19889: 19879: 19877: 19860: 19859: 19855: 19845: 19843: 19830: 19829: 19825: 19808: 19807: 19803: 19796: 19792: 19782: 19780: 19763: 19762: 19758: 19741: 19740: 19736: 19726: 19724: 19709: 19702: 19695: 19691: 19681: 19679: 19662: 19661: 19657: 19647: 19645: 19628: 19627: 19623: 19613: 19611: 19592: 19588: 19578: 19576: 19559: 19558: 19554: 19544: 19542: 19525: 19524: 19520: 19513: 19509: 19502: 19498: 19488: 19486: 19471: 19467: 19457: 19455: 19438: 19437: 19433: 19423: 19421: 19406: 19405: 19401: 19391: 19389: 19385: 19372: 19366: 19362: 19352: 19350: 19333: 19332: 19328: 19318: 19316: 19303: 19302: 19298: 19288: 19286: 19273: 19272: 19268: 19258: 19256: 19237: 19233: 19223: 19221: 19204: 19203: 19199: 19189: 19187: 19170: 19169: 19162: 19155: 19151: 19141: 19139: 19122: 19118: 19111: 19107: 19097: 19095: 19076: 19072: 19062: 19060: 19047: 19046: 19042: 19032: 19030: 19015:Vibber, Brion. 19013: 19009: 18999: 18997: 18978: 18974: 18969:Special:Version 18967: 18963: 18946: 18945: 18941: 18931: 18929: 18912: 18911: 18907: 18897: 18895: 18882: 18881: 18877: 18867: 18865: 18861: 18854: 18850:Bergsma, Mark. 18848: 18841: 18831: 18829: 18812: 18811: 18807: 18797: 18795: 18776: 18772: 18762: 18760: 18740: 18736: 18726: 18724: 18709: 18708: 18704: 18694: 18692: 18688: 18675: 18671: 18670: 18666: 18656: 18654: 18650: 18643: 18639: 18638: 18634: 18624: 18622: 18605: 18604: 18600: 18590: 18588: 18571: 18570: 18566: 18556: 18554: 18541: 18540: 18536: 18526: 18524: 18507: 18506: 18502: 18492: 18490: 18477: 18476: 18472: 18465: 18461: 18454: 18450: 18443: 18439: 18432: 18428: 18418: 18416: 18396: 18392: 18385: 18381: 18371: 18369: 18352: 18351: 18347: 18337: 18335: 18326: 18325: 18318: 18308: 18306: 18297: 18296: 18292: 18282: 18280: 18271: 18270: 18266: 18256: 18254: 18239: 18235: 18225: 18223: 18206: 18205: 18201: 18189: 18187: 18177: 18175: 18166: 18165: 18154: 18153: 18149: 18137: 18135: 18125: 18123: 18114: 18113: 18102: 18101: 18097: 18087: 18085: 18073: 18065: 18061: 18054: 18050: 18040: 18038: 18029: 18028: 18021: 18014: 18010: 18003: 17999: 17985: 17983: 17962: 17958: 17951: 17947: 17940: 17933: 17925: 17921: 17913: 17909: 17901: 17897: 17889: 17885: 17877: 17873: 17866: 17859: 17851: 17844: 17837: 17833: 17826: 17822: 17812: 17810: 17803:Governance Wiki 17794: 17793: 17789: 17779: 17777: 17770:Governance Wiki 17761: 17760: 17756: 17746: 17744: 17737:Governance Wiki 17728: 17727: 17723: 17713: 17711: 17694: 17693: 17686: 17679: 17672: 17665: 17658: 17646: 17642: 17635: 17631: 17624: 17620: 17610: 17608: 17593: 17586: 17579: 17575: 17568: 17561: 17554: 17550: 17540: 17538: 17523: 17522: 17518: 17508: 17506: 17497: 17496: 17492: 17482: 17480: 17471: 17470: 17466: 17456: 17454: 17437: 17436: 17432: 17422: 17420: 17403: 17399: 17389: 17387: 17374: 17373: 17369: 17362: 17358: 17348: 17346: 17331: 17327: 17319: 17315: 17305: 17303: 17294: 17293: 17289: 17279: 17277: 17262: 17258: 17248: 17246: 17235: 17231: 17221: 17219: 17208: 17204: 17194: 17192: 17182: 17178: 17168: 17166: 17151: 17150: 17143: 17138: 17133: 17132: 17122: 17120: 17109: 17105: 17092: 17090: 17077: 17073: 17056: 17055: 17051: 17041: 17039: 17025: 17024: 17020: 17010: 17008: 16996: 16992: 16982: 16980: 16963: 16959: 16949: 16947: 16946:on May 17, 2014 16936: 16932: 16922: 16920: 16912:The Independent 16903: 16899: 16857: 16853: 16837:10.1145/3274290 16808:Halfaker, Aaron 16804: 16800: 16793: 16774:10.1.1.188.1093 16757: 16753: 16746: 16710:Halfaker, Aaron 16706: 16702: 16663: 16659: 16649: 16647: 16630: 16626: 16580:Eur. Phys. J. B 16575: 16571: 16525:Eur. Phys. J. B 16520: 16516: 16506: 16504: 16492: 16485: 16475: 16473: 16461: 16457: 16447: 16445: 16430: 16429: 16425: 16417: 16411: 16384: 16380:(August 2005). 16374: 16370: 16363: 16344:10.1.1.148.3617 16319: 16315: 16307: 16301: 16270: 16261: 16257: 16247: 16245: 16235: 16231: 16221: 16219: 16218:on May 28, 2023 16204: 16200: 16190: 16188: 16176:"Alison Flood: 16172: 16165: 16155: 16153: 16145: 16144: 16140: 16130: 16128: 16110: 16106: 16092: 16090: 16082:Financial Times 16068: 16064: 16054: 16052: 16039: 16038: 16034: 16024: 16022: 16007: 16003: 15980: 15976: 15941: 15940: 15936: 15913: 15893: 15889: 15848: 15844: 15834: 15832: 15817: 15816: 15812: 15802: 15800: 15789: 15788: 15784: 15774: 15772: 15754: 15750: 15740: 15738: 15723: 15722: 15718: 15708: 15706: 15694: 15690: 15666: 15662: 15648: 15647: 15643: 15619: 15615: 15605: 15603: 15586: 15582: 15565:The Negotiation 15562: 15561: 15557: 15547: 15545: 15534: 15533: 15529: 15519: 15517: 15516:. July 26, 2006 15506: 15505: 15501: 15491: 15489: 15486:La Nueva España 15480: 15479: 15475: 15465: 15463: 15458: 15457: 15453: 15443: 15441: 15428: 15427: 15423: 15413: 15411: 15402: 15401: 15397: 15387: 15385: 15370: 15366: 15353: 15352: 15348: 15338: 15336: 15300: 15296: 15286: 15284: 15267: 15260: 15250: 15248: 15231: 15230: 15226: 15216: 15214: 15200: 15196: 15186: 15184: 15172: 15168: 15158: 15156: 15139: 15135: 15125: 15123: 15113: 15109: 15099: 15097: 15078: 15074: 15064: 15062: 15045: 15041: 15020: 15016: 14999: 14998: 14994: 14981: 14979: 14969: 14965: 14955: 14953: 14936: 14932: 14913: 14909: 14899: 14897: 14886: 14882: 14872: 14870: 14857: 14853: 14834: 14832: 14831:on May 20, 2012 14817: 14813: 14803: 14801: 14789: 14788: 14784: 14747: 14743: 14733: 14731: 14727: 14720: 14716: 14715: 14711: 14701: 14699: 14682: 14678: 14668: 14666: 14649: 14645: 14635: 14633: 14608: 14604: 14594: 14592: 14567: 14563: 14553: 14551: 14528: 14524: 14514: 14512: 14484: 14477: 14467: 14465: 14440: 14436: 14426: 14424: 14414: 14410: 14397: 14395: 14391: 14380: 14374: 14370: 14357: 14355: 14346: 14345: 14341: 14331: 14329: 14316: 14315: 14311: 14301: 14299: 14286: 14285: 14281: 14271: 14269: 14257: 14253: 14243: 14241: 14224: 14220: 14210: 14208: 14191: 14187: 14177: 14175: 14158: 14154: 14144: 14142: 14125: 14118: 14108: 14106: 14089: 14080: 14070: 14068: 14053: 14049: 14039: 14037: 14022: 14018: 14008: 14006: 14005:on June 1, 2011 13993: 13992: 13988: 13964: 13958: 13954: 13944: 13942: 13922: 13918: 13894:10.1.1.150.4898 13877: 13873: 13863: 13861: 13846: 13842: 13832: 13830: 13815: 13814: 13810: 13800: 13798: 13789: 13788: 13784: 13774: 13772: 13757: 13756: 13752: 13735: 13734: 13730: 13720: 13718: 13701: 13697: 13687: 13685: 13670: 13669: 13665: 13655: 13653: 13631: 13627: 13617: 13615: 13598: 13597: 13593: 13583: 13581: 13566: 13562: 13552: 13550: 13533: 13529: 13515: 13513: 13486: 13482: 13472: 13470: 13450: 13446: 13436: 13434: 13417: 13413: 13403: 13401: 13394: 13366: 13357: 13347: 13345: 13317: 13313: 13303: 13301: 13290: 13286: 13276: 13274: 13257: 13253: 13243: 13241: 13226: 13206: 13202: 13192: 13190: 13175: 13174: 13170: 13160: 13158: 13141: 13137: 13127: 13125: 13108: 13104: 13094: 13092: 13075: 13068: 13058: 13056: 13041: 13034: 13024: 13022: 13005: 13001: 12991: 12989: 12972: 12968: 12958: 12956: 12939: 12935: 12925: 12923: 12900: 12896: 12886: 12884: 12869: 12865: 12855: 12853: 12838:(May 1, 2014). 12833: 12829: 12819: 12817: 12800: 12793: 12783: 12781: 12764: 12760: 12750: 12748: 12707: 12703: 12693: 12691: 12674: 12667: 12657: 12655: 12648:The Nobel Prize 12642: 12641: 12637: 12627: 12625: 12608: 12599: 12589: 12587: 12572: 12568: 12558: 12556: 12539: 12535: 12525: 12523: 12508: 12504: 12494: 12492: 12475: 12471: 12461: 12459: 12446: 12445: 12441: 12418: 12414: 12407: 12381: 12377: 12367: 12365: 12350: 12346: 12336: 12334: 12321: 12320: 12316: 12301: 12294: 12284: 12282: 12269: 12268: 12264: 12254: 12252: 12242: 12235: 12225: 12223: 12208: 12204: 12194: 12192: 12179: 12178: 12174: 12164: 12162: 12145: 12141: 12122: 12118: 12108: 12106: 12091: 12065: 12061: 12024: 12017: 11978: 11974: 11959: 11933: 11926: 11916: 11914: 11898:10.5204/mcj.315 11877: 11873: 11863: 11861: 11846: 11845: 11841: 11827: 11825: 11800: 11796: 11777: 11773: 11763: 11761: 11757: 11750: 11742: 11738: 11728: 11726: 11711: 11707: 11697: 11695: 11678: 11674: 11653: 11649: 11639: 11637: 11620: 11616: 11606: 11604: 11589: 11585: 11575: 11573: 11558: 11554: 11544: 11542: 11512: 11508: 11498: 11496: 11479: 11475: 11465: 11463: 11440: 11439: 11435: 11425: 11423: 11400: 11393: 11383: 11381: 11356: 11349: 11339: 11337: 11294: 11290: 11281:Wayback Machine 11271: 11267: 11246: 11242: 11232: 11230: 11213: 11212: 11208: 11198: 11196: 11181: 11177: 11167: 11165: 11150: 11146: 11136: 11134: 11133:on July 8, 2007 11119: 11115: 11105: 11103: 11099: 11076:10.1.1.380.4996 11056: 11050: 11046: 11036: 11034: 11027:The Emory Wheel 11021: 11020: 11016: 11005: 10985: 10981: 10971: 10969: 10958: 10951: 10941: 10939: 10928: 10924: 10914: 10912: 10892: 10888: 10878: 10876: 10859: 10855: 10845: 10843: 10833: 10829: 10819: 10817: 10798: 10791: 10781: 10779: 10778:on July 1, 2014 10766: 10765: 10761: 10751: 10749: 10732: 10728: 10707: 10703: 10683: 10681: 10662: 10658: 10648: 10646: 10626: 10622: 10612: 10610: 10593: 10589: 10579: 10577: 10560: 10556: 10546: 10544: 10529: 10525: 10515: 10513: 10496: 10492: 10487: 10483: 10418: 10414: 10404: 10402: 10401:on May 15, 2017 10387:s responses to 10384: 10378: 10377: 10373: 10363: 10361: 10357: 10350: 10346: 10345: 10341: 10333: 10326: 10314: 10310: 10300: 10298: 10281: 10277: 10267: 10265: 10261: 10242: 10234: 10230: 10215: 10209: 10196:10.1038/438900a 10162: 10158: 10148: 10146: 10133: 10132: 10128: 10122: 10118: 10079: 10075: 10069:Wayback Machine 10059: 10055: 10048: 10026: 10022: 10012: 10010: 9997: 9996: 9992: 9982: 9980: 9963: 9959: 9949: 9947: 9930: 9926: 9916: 9914: 9907: 9875: 9871: 9861: 9859: 9836: 9832: 9808: 9804: 9794: 9792: 9775: 9774: 9770: 9760: 9758: 9754: 9725: 9719: 9715: 9705: 9703: 9684: 9680: 9670: 9668: 9644: 9637: 9627: 9625: 9605: 9601: 9591: 9589: 9574: 9573: 9564: 9554: 9552: 9519: 9515: 9444: 9437: 9427: 9425: 9421: 9410: 9404: 9400: 9390: 9388: 9380: 9379: 9375: 9365: 9363: 9348: 9341: 9331: 9329: 9314: 9307: 9297: 9295: 9282: 9281: 9274: 9264: 9262: 9244: 9240: 9230: 9228: 9213: 9209: 9199: 9197: 9180: 9176: 9166: 9164: 9129: 9125: 9115: 9113: 9100: 9099: 9095: 9081: 9079: 9048: 9041: 9031: 9029: 9010: 9003: 8993: 8991: 8980: 8976: 8966: 8964: 8947: 8943: 8933: 8931: 8914: 8905: 8897:10.1.1.212.8218 8884: 8880: 8867: 8865: 8861: 8854: 8848: 8844: 8834: 8832: 8821: 8817: 8807: 8805: 8788: 8784: 8774: 8772: 8768: 8757: 8744: 8740: 8717: 8713: 8690: 8679: 8665: 8663: 8648: 8620: 8609: 8599: 8597: 8580: 8576: 8566: 8564: 8547: 8543: 8533: 8531: 8521: 8517: 8507: 8505: 8486: 8482: 8472: 8470: 8450: 8446: 8431:10.1145/3617369 8411: 8404: 8388: 8384: 8374: 8372: 8359: 8358: 8354: 8339:10.1145/3359308 8319: 8315: 8278: 8274: 8222: 8213: 8203: 8201: 8182: 8181: 8177: 8140: 8136: 8129: 8103: 8099: 8064: 8060: 8025: 8021: 8002:Social Networks 7994: 7990: 7951:(12): pgad385. 7937: 7933: 7906: 7902: 7871: 7867: 7857: 7855: 7832: 7828: 7821: 7797: 7793: 7778: 7759:10.1.1.715.2758 7746: 7742: 7721: 7717: 7707: 7705: 7704:on July 8, 2012 7688: 7684: 7674: 7672: 7657: 7653: 7646: 7638:. p. 124. 7628: 7624: 7614: 7612: 7602: 7591: 7581: 7579: 7575: 7568:10.1.1.123.7456 7554: 7548: 7544: 7534: 7532: 7528: 7514: 7495: 7487: 7483: 7473: 7471: 7464: 7445:10.1.1.222.7963 7428: 7424: 7389: 7385: 7371: 7369: 7365: 7354: 7348: 7341: 7326:10.1145/3610198 7320:(CSCW2): 1–33. 7306: 7302: 7292: 7290: 7275: 7271: 7261: 7259: 7242: 7238: 7228: 7226: 7209: 7205: 7195: 7193: 7176: 7172: 7162: 7160: 7158: 7139: 7135: 7125: 7123: 7108: 7104: 7094: 7092: 7077: 7070: 7060: 7058: 7041: 7034: 7024: 7022: 7013: 7012: 7008: 6998: 6996: 6987: 6986: 6982: 6972: 6970: 6955: 6954: 6950: 6940: 6938: 6923: 6914: 6904: 6902: 6885: 6881: 6871: 6869: 6852: 6848: 6838: 6836: 6819: 6815: 6805: 6803: 6788: 6784: 6774: 6772: 6755: 6751: 6741: 6739: 6722: 6718: 6708: 6706: 6693: 6692: 6688: 6678: 6676: 6659: 6655: 6645: 6643: 6626: 6622: 6583: 6579: 6569: 6567: 6550: 6546: 6536: 6534: 6512: 6503: 6493: 6491: 6476: 6472: 6462: 6460: 6446: 6442: 6441: 6434: 6424: 6422: 6405: 6401: 6391: 6389: 6364: 6360: 6351: 6347: 6337: 6335: 6318: 6314: 6304: 6302: 6285: 6272: 6262: 6260: 6253:The Independent 6243: 6236: 6226: 6224: 6205: 6201: 6191: 6189: 6170: 6166: 6156: 6154: 6133: 6129: 6119: 6117: 6102: 6098: 6088: 6083: 6076: 6070: 6066: 6042: 6038: 6019: 6015: 6005: 6003: 5988: 5984: 5977: 5953: 5946: 5936: 5934: 5932: 5909: 5905: 5895: 5894: 5890: 5880: 5878: 5861: 5857: 5847: 5845: 5828: 5824: 5814: 5812: 5800: 5796: 5786: 5784: 5774: 5765: 5752: 5750: 5740: 5736: 5728: 5695: 5686: 5679: 5669: 5667: 5652: 5648: 5638: 5636: 5619: 5615: 5605: 5603: 5586: 5582: 5572: 5570: 5555: 5548: 5538: 5536: 5519: 5515: 5489: 5480: 5470: 5468: 5451: 5444: 5434: 5432: 5413: 5409: 5399: 5397: 5380: 5379: 5375: 5365: 5363: 5353: 5349: 5339: 5337: 5325: 5321: 5311: 5309: 5298:"wikipedia.org" 5296: 5295: 5291: 5281: 5279: 5264: 5257: 5247: 5245: 5240: 5239: 5235: 5225: 5223: 5218: 5217: 5213: 5203: 5201: 5184: 5180: 5170: 5168: 5151: 5150: 5143: 5133: 5131: 5125:"Developer hub" 5123: 5122: 5118: 5108: 5106: 5089: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5071: 5062: 5058: 5053: 5049: 5044: 5040: 5032: 5028: 5019: 5015: 5005: 5004: 4983: 4979: 4972: 4968: 4958: 4957: 4918: 4914: 4912: 4908: 4899: 4895: 4890: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4857:tree structured 4855:presented as a 4802: 4797: 4795: 4790:Internet portal 4788: 4781: 4778: 4774:Main category: 4772: 4709: 4688:The Independent 4594: 4580:, professor of 4498: 4446: 4440: 4295: 4270:Stephen Colbert 4263: 4257: 4176: 4167: 4164: 4161: 4158: 4104: 4099:-based project 4051: 4042:Franco Grillini 3958:Mihran Hakobyan 3941: 3935: 3901: 3895: 3865:logistic growth 3863:In addition to 3853: 3830: 3825: 3805: 3738:(WAP), via the 3686: 3676: 3605:print-on-demand 3551: 3528:licenses (e.g. 3485: 3480: 3473: 3448: 3441: 3418: 3412: 3395: 3327: 3291: 3285: 3220:URL redirection 3180: 3174: 3137:Katherine Maher 3087:Katherine Maher 3080: 3074: 3069: 3015: 3009: 2987: 2986: 2947: 2831: 2825: 2818: 2808: 2760: 2758:Systemic biases 2726: 2698:English edition 2678: 2664: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2643: 2639: 2632: 2595: 2589: 2543:primary sources 2535: 2515:Stephen Colbert 2510: 2507:Katherine Maher 2490:Internet trolls 2471: 2465:External videos 2445:reference works 2384: 2316: 2305: 2299: 2192: 2178: 2151: 2109:licensed freely 2077: 2067: 2057: 2047: 2037: 2027: 2017: 2007: 1997: 1987: 1984:Egyptian Arabic 1977: 1967: 1957: 1947: 1937: 1927: 1917: 1907: 1897: 1887: 1869: 1815: 1813: 1805: 1802: 1793: 1790: 1722:Egyptian Arabic 1647: 1646: 1645: 1644: 1640: 1638: 1630: 1628: 1620: 1618: 1610: 1608: 1600: 1598: 1590: 1588: 1580: 1578: 1570: 1568: 1560: 1558: 1550: 1548: 1545:Egyptian Arabic 1540: 1538: 1530: 1528: 1520: 1518: 1510: 1508: 1500: 1498: 1490: 1488: 1480: 1478: 1470: 1468: 1460: 1458: 1450: 1448: 1440: 1430: 1424: 1403: 1375: 1292: 1259: 1257: 1251: 1234: 1228: 1196: 1165: 1159: 1147: 1141: 1121: 1057:Katherine Maher 1052: 1035: 1020:External videos 1015: 1008: 949: 893: 887: 859: 832: 824:procrastination 812: 785:cloud computing 738:Print Knowledge 711:(SOPA) and the 700:accumulation". 690:unique visitors 646: 516: 475: 474: 473: 472: 460: 459: 458: 450: 449: 438: 432: 427: 421: 383:, particularly 361: 262:Written in 252: 246: 243: 242:Content license 224: 222: 219: 218: 207:>115,741,157 205: 169: 161: 145:Created by 140: 103: 96: 95: 94: 85: 77: 75:writing systems 58: 43: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 25129: 25119: 25118: 25113: 25108: 25103: 25098: 25093: 25088: 25083: 25078: 25073: 25068: 25053: 25052: 25035: 25018: 25001: 24999:from Wikibooks 24984: 24967: 24965:from Wikiquote 24950: 24933: 24916: 24887: 24882: 24881: 24878: 24877: 24875: 24874: 24867: 24860: 24854: 24848: 24842: 24832: 24826: 24820: 24810: 24803: 24800: 24799: 24789: 24788: 24785: 24784: 24782: 24781: 24775: 24768: 24762: 24756: 24746: 24740: 24727:(Mozambique), 24721: 24715: 24709: 24703: 24697: 24691: 24685: 24679: 24673: 24655: 24641:Fatiha Boudiaf 24625: 24615: 24609: 24603: 24593: 24587: 24585:Nelson Mandela 24577: 24570: 24564: 24558:Jacques Delors 24554: 24548: 24542: 24532: 24526: 24520: 24514: 24508: 24501: 24498: 24497: 24487: 24486: 24477: 24476: 24469: 24462: 24454: 24445: 24444: 24442: 24441: 24436: 24431: 24426: 24420: 24418: 24414: 24413: 24411: 24410: 24405: 24400: 24395: 24389: 24387: 24381: 24380: 24378: 24377: 24372: 24367: 24362: 24357: 24352: 24347: 24342: 24337: 24332: 24327: 24322: 24317: 24312: 24307: 24302: 24297: 24292: 24287: 24282: 24277: 24272: 24267: 24262: 24257: 24252: 24247: 24242: 24237: 24232: 24227: 24222: 24217: 24212: 24207: 24202: 24197: 24192: 24187: 24182: 24177: 24172: 24167: 24161: 24159: 24155: 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23633:Raju Narisetti 23630: 23625: 23620: 23615: 23609: 23607: 23603: 23602: 23600: 23599: 23593: 23591: 23584: 23580: 23579: 23572: 23571: 23564: 23557: 23549: 23540: 23539: 23531: 23528: 23527: 23525: 23524: 23519: 23514: 23509: 23504: 23499: 23494: 23489: 23484: 23479: 23474: 23469: 23463: 23461: 23457: 23456: 23454: 23453: 23448: 23443: 23438: 23433: 23428: 23423: 23418: 23413: 23408: 23403: 23398: 23393: 23388: 23383: 23378: 23373: 23368: 23363: 23358: 23353: 23348: 23343: 23338: 23333: 23328: 23323: 23318: 23313: 23308: 23303: 23298: 23293: 23288: 23283: 23278: 23273: 23267: 23265: 23259: 23258: 23256: 23255: 23250: 23245: 23240: 23235: 23230: 23225: 23220: 23215: 23210: 23205: 23203:Simple English 23200: 23198:Serbo-Croatian 23195: 23190: 23185: 23180: 23175: 23170: 23165: 23160: 23155: 23150: 23145: 23140: 23135: 23130: 23125: 23120: 23115: 23110: 23105: 23100: 23095: 23090: 23085: 23080: 23075: 23070: 23065: 23060: 23055: 23050: 23045: 23040: 23035: 23030: 23024: 23022: 23016: 23015: 23013: 23012: 23007: 23002: 22997: 22992: 22987: 22982: 22977: 22972: 22967: 22962: 22957: 22951: 22949: 22945: 22944: 22942: 22941: 22936: 22931: 22926: 22921: 22915: 22913: 22909: 22908: 22906: 22905: 22900: 22894: 22892: 22888: 22887: 22879: 22878: 22871: 22864: 22856: 22847: 22846: 22844: 22843: 22831: 22818: 22815: 22814: 22812: 22811: 22806: 22801: 22796: 22791: 22786: 22781: 22776: 22771: 22766: 22761: 22754: 22749: 22741: 22739: 22735: 22734: 22732: 22731: 22726: 22721: 22716: 22711: 22706: 22700: 22698: 22694: 22693: 22691: 22690: 22685: 22680: 22678:Knowledge Zero 22675: 22670: 22665: 22659: 22657: 22653: 22652: 22650: 22649: 22647:Wikipediocracy 22644: 22639: 22634: 22629: 22624: 22618: 22616: 22610: 22609: 22607: 22606: 22599: 22592: 22586: 22584: 22580: 22579: 22576: 22575: 22573: 22572: 22567: 22562: 22557: 22552: 22551: 22550: 22539: 22537: 22533: 22532: 22530: 22529: 22524: 22519: 22511: 22506: 22501: 22496: 22491: 22486: 22481: 22475: 22473: 22467: 22466: 22464: 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June 5, 2008 20711: 20684: 20659: 20639: 20613: 20591: 20569: 20549: 20522: 20494: 20492: 20489: 20486: 20485: 20460: 20430: 20401: 20371: 20360:(Mailing list) 20344: 20315: 20304:(Mailing list) 20288: 20268:"Trophy shelf" 20259: 20248: 20214: 20183: 20172: 20139: 20128:August 4, 2014 20107: 20080: 20050: 20016: 19987: 19975: 19945: 19916: 19887: 19853: 19823: 19801: 19790: 19756: 19734: 19700: 19689: 19655: 19621: 19586: 19552: 19518: 19507: 19496: 19465: 19431: 19399: 19360: 19335:"Data centers" 19326: 19296: 19266: 19231: 19197: 19160: 19149: 19116: 19113:Knowledge:Bots 19105: 19070: 19040: 19007: 18972: 18961: 18939: 18905: 18875: 18839: 18805: 18770: 18734: 18723:on May 3, 2014 18702: 18664: 18632: 18598: 18564: 18534: 18500: 18470: 18459: 18448: 18437: 18426: 18390: 18379: 18345: 18316: 18290: 18264: 18233: 18199: 18147: 18095: 18059: 18048: 18019: 18008: 17997: 17956: 17945: 17931: 17919: 17907: 17895: 17883: 17871: 17857: 17842: 17831: 17820: 17787: 17754: 17730:"Terms of Use" 17721: 17684: 17670: 17656: 17640: 17629: 17618: 17584: 17573: 17559: 17548: 17516: 17490: 17464: 17430: 17397: 17367: 17356: 17325: 17313: 17287: 17256: 17229: 17218:on May 6, 2001 17202: 17176: 17140: 17139: 17137: 17134: 17131: 17130: 17103: 17071: 17049: 17018: 16990: 16957: 16930: 16897: 16851: 16798: 16791: 16751: 16744: 16700: 16657: 16638:. SciCurious. 16624: 16569: 16514: 16483: 16455: 16423: 16409: 16368: 16361: 16323:Witten, Ian H. 16321:Milne, David; 16313: 16299: 16264:Rada, Mihalcea 16255: 16229: 16198: 16163: 16138: 16113:Carr, Nicholas 16104: 16062: 16032: 16001: 15990:(2): 356–371. 15974: 15934: 15911: 15905:. p. 58. 15887: 15842: 15810: 15782: 15748: 15716: 15688: 15660: 15641: 15613: 15580: 15555: 15527: 15499: 15473: 15451: 15421: 15395: 15364: 15346: 15315:. Condé Nast. 15294: 15258: 15224: 15194: 15166: 15133: 15107: 15072: 15039: 15014: 14992: 14963: 14930: 14907: 14880: 14851: 14811: 14782: 14741: 14709: 14676: 14643: 14602: 14561: 14522: 14475: 14434: 14408: 14368: 14339: 14309: 14279: 14251: 14218: 14185: 14152: 14116: 14078: 14047: 14016: 13986: 13975:(6): 977–996. 13952: 13916: 13887:(3): 154–165. 13871: 13840: 13808: 13782: 13750: 13728: 13695: 13663: 13625: 13591: 13560: 13527: 13480: 13444: 13411: 13392: 13355: 13311: 13284: 13251: 13224: 13216:Hachette Books 13200: 13168: 13135: 13102: 13066: 13032: 12999: 12966: 12933: 12894: 12863: 12827: 12791: 12758: 12701: 12665: 12635: 12597: 12566: 12533: 12502: 12469: 12439: 12412: 12405: 12375: 12344: 12314: 12292: 12262: 12233: 12222:on May 1, 2010 12202: 12172: 12139: 12116: 12089: 12059: 12038:(2): 429–433. 12015: 11988:(3): 207–228. 11972: 11957: 11924: 11871: 11839: 11794: 11771: 11736: 11705: 11672: 11647: 11614: 11583: 11552: 11506: 11473: 11433: 11391: 11347: 11288: 11265: 11240: 11206: 11175: 11144: 11113: 11044: 11014: 11003: 10979: 10949: 10922: 10886: 10853: 10827: 10789: 10772:Deutsche Welle 10759: 10726: 10701: 10656: 10638:The New Yorker 10620: 10587: 10554: 10533:"Cooked Books" 10523: 10490: 10481: 10412: 10371: 10339: 10319:(March 2006). 10308: 10275: 10255:2047/d20002876 10228: 10226: 10225: 10156: 10126: 10116: 10089:(3): 207–228. 10073: 10053: 10046: 10020: 9990: 9957: 9924: 9905: 9869: 9844:Education Next 9830: 9802: 9768: 9713: 9678: 9635: 9599: 9562: 9513: 9448:Kertész, János 9435: 9398: 9373: 9339: 9305: 9272: 9238: 9207: 9174: 9123: 9093: 9039: 9001: 8974: 8941: 8903: 8878: 8842: 8815: 8782: 8738: 8711: 8677: 8646: 8607: 8574: 8541: 8515: 8480: 8444: 8402: 8382: 8352: 8333:(CSCW): 1–26. 8313: 8272: 8229:Kertész, János 8211: 8175: 8134: 8127: 8097: 8058: 8039:(3): 784–810. 8019: 7988: 7931: 7900: 7865: 7826: 7819: 7791: 7776: 7740: 7727:. Technology. 7715: 7682: 7651: 7644: 7622: 7589: 7542: 7512: 7481: 7462: 7422: 7383: 7359:Linux Magazine 7339: 7300: 7269: 7236: 7203: 7170: 7156: 7133: 7116:Slate Magazine 7102: 7068: 7032: 7006: 6980: 6962:Alexa Internet 6948: 6912: 6879: 6846: 6813: 6782: 6749: 6716: 6686: 6653: 6620: 6577: 6544: 6501: 6470: 6432: 6399: 6358: 6345: 6312: 6270: 6234: 6199: 6164: 6127: 6096: 6064: 6036: 6013: 5982: 5975: 5944: 5930: 5903: 5888: 5855: 5822: 5794: 5763: 5734: 5677: 5646: 5613: 5580: 5546: 5513: 5478: 5442: 5407: 5373: 5347: 5319: 5302:similarweb.com 5289: 5255: 5233: 5211: 5178: 5141: 5116: 5079: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5070: 5069: 5056: 5047: 5038: 5026: 4906: 4893: 4883: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4874: 4869: 4863: 4846: 4844:Network effect 4841: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4821: 4815: 4809: 4808: 4807: 4793: 4771: 4768: 4708: 4705: 4697:Constantinople 4677:from the UK's 4675:civil servants 4614:entity linking 4593: 4590: 4578:Kathryn Hughes 4565:with rigorous 4543:Chris Anderson 4497: 4494: 4452:. These other 4442:Main article: 4439: 4436: 4369:In July 2009, 4256: 4253: 4222:Eckart Höfling 4175: 4172: 3937:Main article: 3934: 3931: 3897:Main article: 3894: 3891: 3852: 3849: 3829: 3826: 3824: 3821: 3813:mainland China 3804: 3803:Chinese access 3801: 3771:Knowledge Zero 3761:geoinformation 3675: 3672: 3668:reference desk 3579:Microsoft Bing 3575:search engines 3557:Thousands of " 3550: 3547: 3484: 3481: 3472: 3469: 3464:ICE Publishing 3440: 3437: 3414:Main article: 3411: 3408: 3394: 3391: 3326: 3323: 3289:Knowledge bots 3287:Main article: 3284: 3281: 3204:macro language 3173: 3170: 3076:Main article: 3073: 3070: 3068: 3065: 3011:Main article: 3008: 3005: 2976:Boris Floricic 2964:privacy policy 2946: 2943: 2939:Wikipediocracy 2920:and one about 2854:sexual content 2807: 2804: 2759: 2756: 2725: 2722: 2666: 2665: 2646: 2644: 2637: 2631: 2628: 2588: 2585: 2564:Michael Gorman 2534: 2531: 2484: 2483: 2480:Deutsche Welle 2467: 2466: 2410:accountability 2336: 2335: 2312: 2311: 2310:External audio 2301:Main article: 2298: 2295: 2243:Education Next 2177: 2174: 2150: 2147: 2083: 2082: 2079: 2078: 2072: 2069: 2068: 2062: 2059: 2058: 2052: 2049: 2048: 2042: 2039: 2038: 2032: 2029: 2028: 2022: 2019: 2018: 2012: 2009: 2008: 2002: 1999: 1998: 1992: 1989: 1988: 1982: 1979: 1978: 1972: 1969: 1968: 1962: 1959: 1958: 1952: 1949: 1948: 1942: 1939: 1938: 1932: 1929: 1928: 1922: 1919: 1918: 1912: 1909: 1908: 1902: 1899: 1898: 1892: 1889: 1888: 1882: 1879: 1878: 1871: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1863: 1861: 1859: 1857: 1855: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1847: 1845: 1843: 1840: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1830: 1827: 1824: 1821: 1807: 1806: 1803: 1796: 1794: 1791: 1784: 1639: 1629: 1619: 1609: 1599: 1589: 1579: 1569: 1559: 1549: 1539: 1529: 1519: 1509: 1499: 1489: 1479: 1469: 1459: 1449: 1439: 1433: 1432: 1431: 1426:Main article: 1423: 1420: 1402: 1399: 1374: 1371: 1307:British Museum 1281:, was held in 1275:Wikimania 2005 1253:Main article: 1250: 1247: 1230:Main article: 1227: 1224: 1206:in the field. 1195: 1192: 1161:Main article: 1158: 1157:Administrators 1155: 1140: 1137: 1120: 1117: 1107: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1094: 1083:Privacy Policy 1065: 1064: 1048: 1047: 1031: 1030: 1022: 1021: 1007: 1004: 973:George W. Bush 948: 945: 889:Main article: 886: 883: 858: 855: 837:administrators 831: 828: 811: 808: 713:PROTECT IP Act 645: 642: 515: 512: 462: 461: 452: 451: 443: 442: 441: 440: 439: 434:Main article: 431: 428: 423:Main article: 420: 417: 345:, an American 319:reference work 283: 282: 277: 270: 269: 263: 259: 258: 244: 241: 238: 237: 234: 230: 229: 220:(23 years ago) 215: 211: 210: 204:active editors 199: 193: 192: 189: 185: 184: 181: 177: 176: 167: 163: 162: 160: 159: 154: 148: 146: 142: 141: 139: 138: 132: 130: 126: 125: 122: 118: 117: 114: 110: 109: 104: 101: 98: 97: 92: 86: 83: 82: 79: 78: 64: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 25128: 25117: 25114: 25112: 25109: 25107: 25104: 25102: 25099: 25097: 25094: 25092: 25089: 25087: 25084: 25082: 25079: 25077: 25074: 25072: 25069: 25067: 25064: 25063: 25061: 25050:from Wikidata 25049: 25048: 25036: 25032: 25031: 25030:Travel guides 25019: 25015: 25014: 25002: 24998: 24997: 24985: 24981: 24980: 24968: 24964: 24963: 24951: 24948:from Wikinews 24947: 24946: 24934: 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23710: 23709:James Heilman 23707: 23705: 23702: 23700: 23697: 23695: 23692: 23690: 23687: 23685: 23682: 23680: 23677: 23675: 23672: 23670: 23669:Danese Cooper 23667: 23665: 23662: 23661: 23659: 23655: 23649: 23646: 23644: 23641: 23639: 23636: 23634: 23631: 23629: 23626: 23624: 23621: 23619: 23616: 23614: 23611: 23610: 23608: 23604: 23598: 23595: 23594: 23592: 23588: 23585: 23581: 23577: 23570: 23565: 23563: 23558: 23556: 23551: 23550: 23547: 23537: 23534: 23529: 23523: 23520: 23518: 23515: 23513: 23510: 23508: 23505: 23503: 23502:Northern Sami 23500: 23498: 23495: 23493: 23490: 23488: 23485: 23483: 23480: 23478: 23475: 23473: 23470: 23468: 23465: 23464: 23462: 23458: 23452: 23449: 23447: 23444: 23442: 23439: 23437: 23434: 23432: 23429: 23427: 23424: 23422: 23419: 23417: 23414: 23412: 23409: 23407: 23404: 23402: 23399: 23397: 23394: 23392: 23389: 23387: 23384: 23382: 23379: 23377: 23374: 23372: 23369: 23367: 23364: 23362: 23359: 23357: 23354: 23352: 23349: 23347: 23344: 23342: 23339: 23337: 23334: 23332: 23329: 23327: 23324: 23322: 23319: 23317: 23316:Crimean Tatar 23314: 23312: 23309: 23307: 23304: 23302: 23299: 23297: 23294: 23292: 23289: 23287: 23284: 23282: 23279: 23277: 23274: 23272: 23269: 23268: 23266: 23260: 23254: 23251: 23249: 23246: 23244: 23241: 23239: 23236: 23234: 23231: 23229: 23226: 23224: 23221: 23219: 23216: 23214: 23211: 23209: 23206: 23204: 23201: 23199: 23196: 23194: 23191: 23189: 23186: 23184: 23181: 23179: 23176: 23174: 23171: 23169: 23166: 23164: 23161: 23159: 23156: 23154: 23151: 23149: 23146: 23144: 23141: 23139: 23136: 23134: 23131: 23129: 23126: 23124: 23121: 23119: 23116: 23114: 23111: 23109: 23106: 23104: 23101: 23099: 23096: 23094: 23091: 23089: 23086: 23084: 23081: 23079: 23076: 23074: 23071: 23069: 23066: 23064: 23061: 23059: 23056: 23054: 23051: 23049: 23046: 23044: 23041: 23039: 23036: 23034: 23031: 23029: 23026: 23025: 23023: 23017: 23011: 23008: 23006: 23003: 23001: 22998: 22996: 22993: 22991: 22988: 22986: 22983: 22981: 22978: 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JHU Press. 20901: 20896: 20895: 20892: 20878: 20875: 20872: 20869: 20866: 20863: 20859: 20855: 20851: 20850:CBC Radio One 20847: 20846: 20841: 20838: 20835: 20831: 20827: 20822: 20816: 20815: 20801: 20797: 20793: 20791: 20790: 20785: 20782: 20780: 20779: 20774: 20770: 20767: 20766:Police Plaza" 20760: 20757: 20753: 20749: 20746: 20743: 20740: 20737: 20734: 20722: 20721: 20720:The Economist 20716: 20712: 20700: 20696: 20695: 20690: 20685: 20673: 20669: 20665: 20660: 20649: 20645: 20640: 20629: 20627: 20622: 20618: 20617:Poe, Marshall 20614: 20603: 20602: 20597: 20592: 20581: 20580: 20579:New Scientist 20575: 20570: 20559: 20555: 20550: 20538: 20534: 20533: 20528: 20523: 20511: 20507: 20506: 20501: 20496: 20495: 20474: 20470: 20464: 20449: 20445: 20441: 20434: 20419: 20415: 20411: 20405: 20390: 20386: 20382: 20375: 20359: 20355: 20348: 20333: 20329: 20325: 20319: 20303: 20299: 20292: 20277: 20273: 20269: 20263: 20257: 20252: 20236: 20232: 20228: 20224: 20218: 20203: 20202: 20194: 20187: 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18268: 18252: 18248: 18244: 18237: 18221: 18217: 18213: 18209: 18203: 18195: 18183: 18170: 18162: 18158: 18151: 18143: 18131: 18118: 18110: 18106: 18099: 18083: 18079: 18072: 18071: 18063: 18057: 18052: 18036: 18032: 18026: 18024: 18017: 18012: 18006: 18001: 17994: 17981: 17977: 17975: 17970: 17966: 17965:Sanger, Larry 17960: 17954: 17949: 17943: 17938: 17936: 17928: 17923: 17916: 17911: 17904: 17899: 17892: 17887: 17880: 17875: 17869: 17864: 17862: 17854: 17849: 17847: 17840: 17835: 17829: 17824: 17808: 17804: 17802: 17797: 17791: 17775: 17771: 17769: 17764: 17758: 17742: 17738: 17736: 17731: 17725: 17709: 17705: 17701: 17697: 17691: 17689: 17682: 17677: 17675: 17668: 17663: 17661: 17653: 17649: 17644: 17638: 17633: 17627: 17622: 17606: 17602: 17598: 17591: 17589: 17582: 17577: 17571: 17566: 17564: 17557: 17552: 17536: 17532: 17531: 17526: 17520: 17504: 17500: 17494: 17478: 17474: 17468: 17452: 17448: 17444: 17440: 17434: 17418: 17414: 17413: 17408: 17401: 17385: 17381: 17377: 17371: 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15637: 15633: 15632: 15627: 15623: 15622:Bakken, Janae 15617: 15601: 15597: 15596: 15591: 15584: 15576: 15572: 15571: 15566: 15559: 15543: 15542: 15537: 15531: 15515: 15514: 15509: 15503: 15487: 15483: 15477: 15461: 15455: 15439: 15435: 15431: 15425: 15409: 15405: 15399: 15383: 15379: 15375: 15368: 15360: 15356: 15350: 15334: 15330: 15326: 15322: 15318: 15314: 15313: 15308: 15304: 15298: 15282: 15278: 15277: 15272: 15265: 15263: 15246: 15242: 15238: 15234: 15228: 15212: 15208: 15204: 15198: 15183: 15182: 15177: 15170: 15154: 15150: 15149: 15144: 15137: 15122: 15118: 15111: 15095: 15091: 15087: 15086:Intelligencer 15083: 15076: 15060: 15056: 15055: 15050: 15043: 15035: 15031: 15030: 15025: 15018: 15010: 15006: 15002: 14996: 14989: 14982:September 27, 14978: 14977:The Economist 14974: 14967: 14951: 14947: 14946: 14941: 14934: 14926: 14922: 14918: 14911: 14895: 14891: 14884: 14869: 14865: 14861: 14855: 14848: 14844: 14830: 14826: 14822: 14815: 14800: 14796: 14792: 14786: 14778: 14774: 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13844: 13828: 13824: 13819: 13812: 13796: 13792: 13786: 13770: 13766: 13765: 13760: 13754: 13746: 13742: 13738: 13732: 13716: 13712: 13711: 13706: 13699: 13683: 13679: 13678: 13673: 13667: 13651: 13647: 13646: 13640: 13635: 13629: 13613: 13609: 13605: 13601: 13595: 13579: 13575: 13571: 13564: 13548: 13544: 13543: 13538: 13531: 13523: 13511: 13507: 13503: 13499: 13495: 13491: 13484: 13468: 13464: 13459: 13454: 13448: 13432: 13428: 13427: 13422: 13415: 13399: 13395: 13389: 13385: 13381: 13377: 13373: 13372: 13364: 13362: 13360: 13343: 13339: 13335: 13331: 13327: 13326: 13321: 13315: 13299: 13295: 13288: 13272: 13268: 13267: 13262: 13255: 13239: 13235: 13231: 13227: 13221: 13217: 13213: 13212: 13204: 13188: 13184: 13183: 13178: 13172: 13156: 13152: 13147: 13139: 13123: 13119: 13118: 13113: 13106: 13090: 13086: 13085: 13080: 13073: 13071: 13054: 13050: 13046: 13039: 13037: 13020: 13016: 13015: 13014:The Economist 13010: 13003: 12987: 12983: 12978: 12970: 12954: 12950: 12949: 12944: 12937: 12926:September 14, 12921: 12917: 12913: 12909: 12905: 12898: 12882: 12878: 12874: 12867: 12851: 12847: 12842: 12837: 12831: 12815: 12811: 12810: 12805: 12798: 12796: 12779: 12775: 12774: 12769: 12762: 12746: 12742: 12738: 12734: 12730: 12726: 12722: 12718: 12713: 12705: 12689: 12685: 12684: 12679: 12672: 12670: 12653: 12649: 12645: 12639: 12623: 12619: 12618: 12613: 12606: 12604: 12602: 12585: 12581: 12577: 12570: 12554: 12550: 12549: 12544: 12537: 12521: 12517: 12513: 12506: 12490: 12486: 12485: 12480: 12473: 12457: 12453: 12449: 12443: 12435: 12431: 12428:(in German). 12427: 12423: 12416: 12408: 12402: 12398: 12394: 12390: 12386: 12379: 12363: 12359: 12355: 12348: 12332: 12328: 12324: 12318: 12310: 12306: 12299: 12297: 12280: 12276: 12272: 12266: 12251: 12247: 12240: 12238: 12221: 12217: 12213: 12206: 12190: 12186: 12182: 12176: 12160: 12156: 12155: 12150: 12143: 12135: 12131: 12127: 12120: 12104: 12100: 12096: 12092: 12086: 12082: 12078: 12074: 12070: 12063: 12055: 12051: 12046: 12041: 12037: 12033: 12029: 12022: 12020: 12011: 12007: 12003: 11999: 11995: 11991: 11987: 11983: 11976: 11968: 11964: 11960: 11954: 11950: 11946: 11942: 11938: 11931: 11929: 11912: 11908: 11904: 11899: 11894: 11890: 11886: 11882: 11875: 11859: 11855: 11854: 11849: 11843: 11836: 11823: 11819: 11815: 11811: 11807: 11806: 11798: 11790: 11786: 11785:Zerogeography 11782: 11775: 11756: 11749: 11748: 11740: 11724: 11720: 11716: 11709: 11693: 11689: 11688: 11683: 11676: 11668: 11664: 11663: 11658: 11651: 11635: 11631: 11630: 11625: 11618: 11602: 11598: 11594: 11587: 11571: 11567: 11563: 11556: 11540: 11536: 11532: 11528: 11527: 11521: 11516: 11510: 11494: 11490: 11485: 11477: 11461: 11457: 11453: 11449: 11448:The Economist 11444: 11437: 11421: 11417: 11413: 11409: 11405: 11398: 11396: 11379: 11375: 11371: 11367: 11366: 11361: 11354: 11352: 11335: 11331: 11327: 11323: 11319: 11316:: 1026–1045. 11315: 11311: 11307: 11306: 11300: 11292: 11285: 11282: 11278: 11275: 11269: 11261: 11257: 11256: 11251: 11244: 11228: 11224: 11220: 11216: 11210: 11194: 11190: 11186: 11179: 11163: 11159: 11155: 11148: 11132: 11128: 11124: 11117: 11098: 11094: 11090: 11086: 11082: 11077: 11072: 11068: 11064: 11063: 11055: 11048: 11032: 11028: 11024: 11018: 11010: 11006: 11000: 10996: 10992: 10991: 10983: 10967: 10963: 10956: 10954: 10937: 10933: 10926: 10910: 10906: 10905: 10900: 10896: 10890: 10874: 10870: 10869: 10864: 10857: 10842: 10838: 10831: 10815: 10811: 10810: 10804: 10796: 10794: 10777: 10773: 10769: 10763: 10747: 10743: 10742: 10737: 10730: 10722: 10718: 10717: 10712: 10705: 10698: 10697: 10693: 10679: 10675: 10673: 10667: 10660: 10644: 10640: 10639: 10634: 10633:"Know It All" 10630: 10629:Schiff, Stacy 10624: 10608: 10604: 10603: 10598: 10591: 10575: 10571: 10570: 10565: 10558: 10542: 10538: 10534: 10527: 10511: 10507: 10506: 10501: 10494: 10485: 10477: 10473: 10468: 10463: 10458: 10453: 10449: 10445: 10440: 10435: 10432:(6): e38869. 10431: 10427: 10423: 10416: 10400: 10396: 10392: 10390: 10383: 10375: 10356: 10349: 10343: 10332: 10325: 10324: 10318: 10312: 10296: 10292: 10291: 10286: 10279: 10260: 10256: 10252: 10248: 10241: 10240: 10232: 10222: 10218: 10214: 10213: 10206: 10202: 10197: 10192: 10188: 10184: 10180: 10176: 10175: 10170: 10166: 10160: 10144: 10140: 10136: 10130: 10120: 10112: 10108: 10104: 10100: 10096: 10092: 10088: 10084: 10077: 10070: 10066: 10063: 10057: 10049: 10043: 10039: 10035: 10031: 10024: 10008: 10004: 10000: 9994: 9978: 9974: 9973: 9972:New York Post 9968: 9961: 9945: 9941: 9940: 9935: 9928: 9917:September 11, 9912: 9908: 9902: 9897: 9892: 9888: 9884: 9880: 9873: 9857: 9853: 9849: 9845: 9842:. What Next. 9841: 9834: 9826: 9822: 9821: 9816: 9812: 9806: 9790: 9786: 9782: 9778: 9772: 9753: 9749: 9745: 9741: 9737: 9733: 9732: 9724: 9717: 9701: 9697: 9696: 9690: 9682: 9666: 9662: 9658: 9657: 9652: 9648: 9642: 9640: 9623: 9619: 9618: 9613: 9609: 9603: 9587: 9583: 9582:The Economist 9578: 9571: 9569: 9567: 9550: 9545: 9540: 9536: 9532: 9531: 9525: 9517: 9509: 9505: 9500: 9495: 9490: 9485: 9481: 9477: 9472: 9467: 9464:(1): e30091. 9463: 9459: 9458: 9453: 9449: 9442: 9440: 9420: 9416: 9409: 9402: 9387: 9383: 9377: 9361: 9357: 9353: 9346: 9344: 9332:September 21, 9327: 9323: 9319: 9312: 9310: 9293: 9289: 9285: 9279: 9277: 9260: 9256: 9252: 9248: 9242: 9231:September 18, 9226: 9222: 9221:New Scientist 9218: 9211: 9195: 9191: 9190: 9185: 9178: 9162: 9158: 9154: 9150: 9146: 9142: 9138: 9134: 9127: 9111: 9107: 9103: 9097: 9089: 9077: 9073: 9069: 9065: 9061: 9057: 9053: 9046: 9044: 9027: 9023: 9019: 9015: 9008: 9006: 8989: 8985: 8978: 8962: 8958: 8957: 8952: 8945: 8929: 8925: 8924: 8919: 8912: 8910: 8908: 8898: 8893: 8889: 8882: 8875: 8860: 8853: 8846: 8830: 8826: 8819: 8803: 8799: 8798: 8793: 8786: 8767: 8763: 8756: 8752: 8748: 8742: 8734: 8730: 8726: 8722: 8715: 8707: 8703: 8699: 8695: 8688: 8686: 8684: 8682: 8673: 8661: 8657: 8653: 8649: 8643: 8639: 8635: 8631: 8627: 8626: 8618: 8616: 8614: 8612: 8595: 8591: 8590: 8585: 8578: 8562: 8558: 8557: 8552: 8545: 8530: 8526: 8519: 8503: 8499: 8495: 8491: 8484: 8468: 8464: 8463: 8458: 8454: 8453:Sanger, Larry 8448: 8440: 8436: 8432: 8428: 8424: 8420: 8416: 8409: 8407: 8399:. p. 18. 8398: 8397: 8392: 8386: 8370: 8366: 8362: 8356: 8348: 8344: 8340: 8336: 8332: 8328: 8324: 8317: 8309: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8291: 8287: 8283: 8276: 8268: 8264: 8260: 8256: 8252: 8248: 8243: 8238: 8234: 8230: 8226: 8225:Yasseri, Taha 8220: 8218: 8216: 8199: 8195: 8191: 8190: 8185: 8179: 8171: 8167: 8162: 8157: 8153: 8149: 8145: 8138: 8130: 8124: 8120: 8116: 8112: 8108: 8101: 8093: 8089: 8085: 8081: 8077: 8073: 8069: 8062: 8054: 8050: 8046: 8042: 8038: 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