1971:
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and falsely claim they're licensed under CC BY-SA, as such photos are fundamentally incompatible with free content principles. Only the copyright owner or their authorized representatives may grant permission to use a work under a
Creative Commons license, not the photographed subject or their public relations agent. If the same image is found copyrighted elsewhere prior to the upload date, it may be removed as a copyright violation. If you are the copyright owner and want to release content to Creative Commons for use on Knowledge, see
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2902:, existing for the sole or primary purpose of promotion or denigration of a person, company, product, service, website, organization, etc., and whose postings are in apparent violation of this guideline, should be made aware of this guideline and warned not to continue their problematic editing. If the same pattern of editing continues after the warning, the account may be blocked.
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798:. If Knowledge hosts an article about you or your organization, others may add information that would otherwise remain little known. They may also decide to delete the article or decide to keep it should you later request deletion. The media has several times drawn attention to companies that engage in COI editing on Knowledge (see
2670:. In some cases, the addition of media files to an article may be an uncontroversial edit that editors with a COI can make directly, but editors should exercise discretion and rely on talk pages when images may be controversial or promotional. If the addition of an image is challenged by another editor, it is controversial.
1439:. It is not a judgment about that person's state of mind or integrity. A COI can exist in the absence of bias, and bias regularly exists in the absence of a COI. Beliefs and desires may lead to biased editing, but they do not constitute a COI. COI emerges from an editor's roles and relationships, and the
1990:, the FTC considers "both what the ad says and the format it uses to convey that information ... Advertisements or promotional messages are deceptive if they convey to consumers expressly or by implication that they’re independent, impartial, or from a source other than the sponsoring advertiser ...".
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Activities regarded by insiders as simply "getting the word out" may appear promotional or propagandistic to the outside world. If you edit articles while involved with campaigns in the same area, you may have a conflict of interest. Political candidates and their staff should not edit articles about
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contents are restricted. Generally, using press photos or images provided by client who wish to feature them in the article but unwilling to irrevocably release the copyright under
Creative Commons is unacceptable. Editors may not upload images provided by client for "Knowledge article purpose only"
1981:
In digital media, native ads often resemble the design, style, and functionality of the media in which they are disseminated. ... The more a native ad is similar in format and topic to content on the publisher's site, the more likely that a disclosure will be necessary to prevent deception. —Federal
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Paid editors must ensure that they own the copyright of text they have been paid to add to
Knowledge; otherwise, they are unable to release it. A text's author is normally assumed to be the copyright holder. Companies sometimes provide paid editors with text written by someone else. Alternatively, a
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Paid editors must respect the volunteer nature of the project and keep discussions concise. When proposing changes to an article, they should describe the suggested modifications and explain why the changes should be made. Any changes that may be contentious, such as removal of negative text, should
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process. If you have a personal connection to a topic or person with an existing article, you are advised to refrain from editing that article directly and to provide full disclosure of the connection if you comment about the article on talk pages or in other discussions. Requests for updates to an
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If you are being paid for your contributions to
Knowledge, you must declare who is paying you, who the client is, and any other relevant role or relationship. You may do this on your user page, on the talk page of affected articles, or in your edit summaries. As you have a conflict of interest, you
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Being paid to contribute to
Knowledge is one form of financial COI; it places the paid editor in a conflict between their employer's goals and Knowledge's goals. The kind of paid editing of most concern to the community involves using Knowledge for public relations and marketing purposes. Sometimes
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While editing
Knowledge, an editor's primary role is to further the interests of the encyclopedia. When an external role or relationship could reasonably be said to undermine that primary role, the editor has a conflict of interest similar to how a judge's primary role as an impartial adjudicator
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Before being drawn into long exchanges with paid editors, volunteers should be aware that paid editors may be submitting evidence of their talk-page posts to justify their salaries or fees. No editor should be expected to engage in long or repetitive discussions with someone who is being paid to
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Example: Editors have an apparent COI if they edit an article about a business, and for some reason they appear to be the business owner or in communication with the business owner, although they may actually have no such connection. Apparent COI raises concern within the community and should be
2019:
court ruled that if a company or its agents edit
Knowledge with the aim of influencing customers, the edits constitute covert advertising, and as such are a violation of European fair-trading law. The ruling stated that readers cannot be expected to seek out user and talk pages to find editors'
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is to provide the public with articles that summarize accepted knowledge, written neutrally and sourced reliably. Readers expect to find neutral articles written independently of their subject, not corporate or personal webpages, or platforms for advertising and self-promotion. Articles should
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Museum curators, librarians, archivists, and similar are encouraged to help improve
Knowledge, or to share their information in the form of links to their resources. If a link cannot be used as a reliable source, it may be placed under further reading or external links if it complies with the
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as the person who added the citation to your own work. When in doubt, defer to the community's opinion: propose the edit on the article's talk page and allow others to review it. However, adding numerous references to work published by yourself and none by other researchers is considered
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Marketers and publishers are using innovative methods to create, format, and deliver digital advertising. One form is "native advertising", content that bears a similarity to the news, feature articles, product reviews, entertainment, and other material that surrounds it
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Editors responding to edit requests from COI or paid editors are expected to do so carefully, particularly when commercial interests are involved. When large amounts of text are added to an article on behalf of the article subject, the article has, in effect, been
1993:
State law may have similar prohibitions. While the FTC law may apply only to interstate and foreign commerce, state law applies to intrastate commerce and must be obeyed. At least one state court case found liability for an ad disguised as editorial content.
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says: "n editor who is involved in a significant controversy or dispute with another individual – whether on- or off-wiki – or who is an avowed rival of that individual, should not edit that person's biography or other material about that person, given the
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You are expected to maintain a clearly visible list on your user page of your paid contributions. If you advertise, solicit or obtain paid editing work via an account on any external website, you must provide links on your user-page to all such accounts.
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active accounts on external websites through which you advertise, solicit or obtain paid editing. If you receive or expect to receive compensation (money, goods or services) for your contributions to
Knowledge, the policy on the English Knowledge is:
1385:)—can trigger a COI. How close the relationship needs to be before it becomes a concern on Knowledge is governed by common sense. For example, an article about a band should not be written by the band's manager, and a biography should not be an
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is on whose behalf the payment is made (usually the subject of the article). If the employer and client are the same entity—that is, if Acme
Corporation is paying you to write about Acme Corporation—the client parameter may be left empty. See
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On Knowledge, editors with a conflict of interest who unilaterally add material tend to violate Knowledge's content and behavioral policies and guidelines. The content they add is typically unsourced or poorly sourced and often violates the
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An exception to not editing an article about yourself or someone you know is made if the article contains defamation or a serious error that needs to be corrected quickly. If you do make such an edit, please follow it up with an email to
1819:. Content on Knowledge, including article drafts and talk-page comments, can be freely copied and modified by third parties for commercial and non-commercial use, with the sole requirement that it be attributed to Knowledge contributors.
2488:; its absence likely indicates that the claim is false. Offers to guarantee that a page will be saved from deletion, in return for significant sums of money, are always fraudulent, as are offers to use special privileges on Knowledge.
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More generally, an editor has a financial conflict of interest whenever they write about a topic with which they have a close financial relationship. This includes being an owner, employee, contractor, investor or other stakeholder.
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If another editor objects for any reason, it is not an uncontroversial edit. Edits not covered by the above should be discussed on the article's talk page. If an article has few uninvolved editors, ask at the talk page of a related
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Post whatever public evidence you have to support that there is a COI, or that it is causing a problem, in the form of edits by that user or information the user has posted about themselves. Do not post private information; see
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If you believe an editor has an undisclosed COI and is editing in violation of this guideline, raise the issue in a civil manner on the editor's talk page, which is the first step in resolving user-conduct issues, per the
2385:. They must work closely with a Knowledge project or the general Knowledge community, and are expected to identify their WiR status on their user page and on talk pages related to their organization when they post there.
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claim to offer editing services, but some of these are scams. If someone claims that experienced editors work for them, ask them for the user names of those editors and check the corresponding editor user pages for a
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somebody; instead one can ask if they have an undisclosed connection to that person. If revealing private information is needed to resolve COI editing, and if the issue is serious enough to warrant it, editors can
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from two footballers had been "agreed with the help of a member of the Nike marketing team". The tweets were not clearly identified as Nike marketing communications and were therefore in breach of the ASA's code.
2435:. If an external website claims that a particular Knowledge editor works for them, but that editor's user page has no such declaration, this is likely to indicate that the website is impersonating that editor.
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The use of administrative tools as part of any paid editing activity, except as a Wikipedian-in-Residence, or when the payment is made by the Wikimedia Foundation or an affiliate of the WMF, is considered a
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must ensure everyone with whom you interact is aware of your paid status, in all discussions on Knowledge pages within any namespace. If you want to use a template to disclose your COI on a talk page, place
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themselves, their supporters, or their opponents. Government employees should not edit articles about their agencies, government, political party, political opponents, or controversial political topics.
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by the subject without the readers' knowledge. Responding volunteers should therefore carefully check the proposed text and sources. That an article has been expanded does not mean that it is better.
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Editors with a COI are encouraged to upload high-quality media files that are appropriately licensed for Knowledge and that improve our coverage of a subject. For more information, follow the
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If you become involved in an article where you have any COI, you should always let other editors know about it, whenever and wherever you discuss the topic. There are three venues to do this.
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contain only material that complies with Knowledge's content policies and best practices, and Wikipedians must place the interests of the encyclopedia and its readers above personal concerns.
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If you received a solicitation from a paid editor that does not include this information, we recommend that you not do business with them. They are not following our policies and guidelines.
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or written by the subject's spouse. There can be a COI when writing on behalf of a competitor or opponent of the page subject, just as there is when writing on behalf of the page subject.
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2770:, citing this guideline. If that fails to resolve the issue, such as when an editor has repeatedly added problematic material over an extended period, then open a discussion at the
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1696:. The edit summary should include the name of the COI or paid editor, a link to the draft or edit request, and that the edit contains a COI or paid contribution. For example:
2397:, where editors can post incentives, usually to raise articles to featured-article or good-article status. If you participate in this, transparency and neutrality are key.
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Example: A business owner has a potential COI with respect to articles and discussions about that business, but they have no actual COI if they stay away from those pages.
2810:: "Only the minimum information necessary should be conveyed and the minimum number of people contacted." The priority should be to avoid unnecessary privacy violations.
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Similarly, editors should not write about court cases in which they or those close to them have been involved, nor about parties or law firms associated with the cases.
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Where there is doubt that the paid editor owns the copyright, they (or the employer or author) are advised to forward a release from the copyright holder to the
1403:. SMEs are expected to make sure that their external roles and relationships in their field of expertise do not interfere with their primary role on Knowledge.
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1966:. The FTC regards advertising as deceptive if it mimics a content format, such as a news report, that appears to come from an independent, impartial source:
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Paid editors do not represent the Wikimedia Foundation nor the Knowledge editing community, and they have no authority beyond that of any volunteer editor.
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template. Place this at the bottom of the talk page and state your suggestion beneath it (be sure to sign it with four tildes, ~~~~). If the proposal is
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and appropriate, it will usually be accepted. If it is declined, the editor declining the request will usually add an explanation below your entry.
644:. COI editors are strongly discouraged from editing affected articles directly, and can propose changes on article talk pages instead. However, our
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article about yourself or someone with whom you have a personal connection can be made on the article's talk page by following the instructions at
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This transparency helps editors and readers to determine the extent of COI influence on the article. It also complies with copyright requirements.
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Do not create a shared organizational account, or use the name of an organization as the account name. The account is yours, not your employer's.
2377:. WiRs must not engage in public relations or marketing for their organization in Knowledge, and they should operate within the bounds defined by
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674:, below. Editors making or discussing changes to this guideline or related guidance shall disclose whether they have been paid to edit Knowledge.
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Using material you have written or published is allowed within reason, but only if it is relevant, conforms to the content policies, including
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2989:(for users to self-declare on their own Userpages those articles with which they have a conflict of interest, one such template per article)
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2713:. Most advocacy does not involve COI. Whether an editor is engaged in advocacy should first be addressed at the user's talk page, then at
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Paid edits may be reviewed and revised in the normal course of work on Knowledge. Neither the client nor the paid editor own the article.
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During the COIN discussion, avoid making disparaging remarks about the user in question, their motives or the subject of the article(s).
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it has influenced their editing. If COI editing causes disruption, an administrator may opt to place blocks on the involved accounts.
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Editors are reminded that any text they contribute to Knowledge, assuming they own the copyright, is irrevocably licensed under a
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Paid editors cannot guarantee any outcome for an article on Knowledge. It can be revised or deleted by other editors at any time.
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for more information. Note that other editors may add this template for you. Paid editing without such a declaration is called
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Providing a client with a link to this section is appropriate disclosure if it is done in a neutral and non-deceptive manner.
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Paid editors must disclose their employer, client, and affiliations on Knowledge. There is no confidentiality for the client.
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Edit made due to ] edit request by User:SVeatch; copied or adapted from "Revisions to Infobox, Introduction and History" at ]
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You should generally refrain from creating articles about yourself, or anyone you know, living or dead, unless through the
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against their wishes. Examine editors' behavior instead and seek advice by email if necessary. Do not ask a user if they
2053:, states: "No advertisement shall be presented in a format or style that conceals the fact that it is an advertisement."
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provides guidance in this area. To find an article's talk page, click the "talk" button at the top of the article. See
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called "paid advocacy," this is problematic because it invariably reflects the interests of the client or employer.
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when another editor has requested them, although it is better to supply them on the talk page for others to add.
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Example: A business owner has an actual COI if they edit articles and engage in discussions about that business.
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Carson, Thomas L. (January 2004). "Conflicts of Interest and Self-Dealing in the Professions: A Review Essay,"
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Also, if you propose significant or potentially controversial changes to an affected article, you can use the
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Any external relationship—personal, religious, political, academic, legal, or financial (including holding a
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Requested edits are subject to the same standards as any other, and editors may decline to act on them. The
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All editors are expected to follow United States law on undisclosed advertising, which is described by the
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In any solicitation sent to a prospective client, paid editors should disclose the following information:
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1083:(Optional) Insert relevant affiliations, disclosures, article drafts or diffs showing COI contributions.
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Editors who have a general conflict of interest may make unambiguously uncontroversial edits (but see
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If editors choose to add material to an article on behalf of a COI or paid editor, they must provide
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COI editing is strongly discouraged on Knowledge. It undermines public confidence and risks causing
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about yourself, family, friends, clients, employers, or your financial and other relationships. Any
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that is causing a problem: for example, an acknowledged BLP subject who is editing their own BLP.
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There are forms of paid editing that the Wikimedia community regards as acceptable. These include
2220:, our noticeboard for articles about living persons, or the talk page of the article in question.
1395:(SMEs) are welcome on Knowledge within their areas of expertise, subject to the guidance below on
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Do not edit Knowledge in your own interests, nor in the interests of your external relationships.
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2373:(WiRs)—Wikipedians who may be paid to collaborate with mission-aligned organizations, such as
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If editors choose to add material to an article on behalf of a paid editor, they must provide
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If the paid text is added to the article, the edit summary should include full attribution.
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2955:(to be placed on user Talk pages to warn editors that they may have a conflict of interest)
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If a user's edits lead you to believe that they might have a COI (that is, if they have an
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Make sure nothing important is missing. Responding editors should do their own search for
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who is paying you, on whose behalf the edits are made, and any other relevant affiliation;
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1001:(the person or organization on whose behalf the edits are made); and any other relevant
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2965:(another Talk page warning, this one for editors whose username appears to violate the
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Law and Ethics in Biomedical Research: Regulation, Conflict of Interest, and Liability
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want to have included in an article, it will probably find its way there eventually.
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Look for unnecessary detail that may have been added to overwhelm something negative.
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Editors with a COI should follow Knowledge policies and best practices scrupulously:
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paid editor might write text for Knowledge within the scope of their employment (a "
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If private information must be shared to resolve a COI issue, it may be emailed to
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is whoever is paying you to be involved in the article (such as a PR company). The
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whenever they seek to change an affected article's content. Anyone editing for pay
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to the individuals and companies being promoted. Editors with a COI are sometimes
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3374:, The W. Maurice Young Center for Applied Ethics, University of British Columbia.
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require that editors who are being paid for their contributions disclose their
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or you can also use the following format, from text requested in a talk page,
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If you think you've received a fraudulent solicitation, please forward it to
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2157:"WP:COS" redirects here. For the "credible claim of significance" essay, see
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R v Bow Street Metropolitan Stipendiary Magistrate, ex parte Pinochet (No 2)
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For practical advice for editors who might have a conflict of interest, see
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template. Post it on the talk page and make your suggestion underneath it.
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if you have questions about these things. If you are an administrator, you
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Commons:Volunteer Response Team § Licensing images: when do I contact VRT?
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Paid editors must also provide a link to their user page which includes a
3116:
3010:
2674:
1603:
1182:
3361:"The Ethical and Legal Foundations of Scientific 'Conflict of Interest'"
3329:
3315:
3302:
3272:
2535:
Once an article is created about yourself, your group, or your company,
1464:
to retain content that serves their external interest. They may overuse
4540:
4405:
4264:
3351:
1764:
16:
Wikimedia project behavioral guidelines regarding conflicts of interest
2877:
1630:
Look for non-neutral language and unsourced or poorly sourced content.
4380:
595:
19:
If you want to report a problematic conflict of interest editor, see
3307:
Luebke, Neil R. (1987). "Conflict of Interest as a Moral Category,"
2543:. If there is anything publicly available on a topic that you would
2400:
1167:
In this edit, one editor added a COI declaration for another editor.
4515:
4427:
4411:
4339:
2842:
Knowledge:Wikimedia Foundation statement on paid editing and outing
1542:
exists when an editor has a COI with respect to a certain judgment
1524:
exists when an editor has a COI with respect to a certain judgment
1443:
that we assume exists when those roles and relationships conflict.
971:, or as someone paid by the Wikimedia Foundation or an affiliate).
802:), which has led to embarrassment for the organizations concerned.
539:
3098:(lists edits for review where proposer has a conflict of interest)
2033:
1560:
exists when there is reason to believe that an editor has a COI.
670:
over this guideline. To report COI editing, follow the advice at
3321:
Davis, Michael (Winter 1993). "Conflict of Interest Revisited,"
2721:, the reliable-sources noticeboard. If there are concerns about
1378:
would be undermined if they were married to one of the parties.
3171:
Knowledge:Help available for editors with conflicts of interest
3102:
Category:Knowledge articles with possible conflicts of interest
2246:"WP:SELFCITE" redirects here. For Knowledge citing itself, see
1932:
US: Federal Trade Commission, state law, and native advertising
1330:
If you propose changes to an affected article, you can use the
965:
must not use administrative tools for any paid-editing activity
3128:
Statement on Knowledge from participating communications firms
997:(the person or organization who is paying for the edits); the
606:. Someone having a conflict of interest is a description of a
546:
4364:
3408:
1700:
Text inserted on behalf of paid editor User:X; copied from ].
610:, not a judgment about that person's opinions, integrity, or
3242:(failed policy proposal turned into an essay, November 2013)
3141:
Knowledge:Best practices for editors with close associations
3015:"Press releases/Sue Gardner statement paid advocacy editing"
4390:
4083:
2789:, which is policy, and the section below, "Avoid outing".
868:
requires that all paid editing be disclosed. Additionally,
622:
2993:
2216:, Knowledge's volunteer response team, or ask for help on
2471:
Some solicitations from paid editors have been linked to
2267:
on your work. You will be permanently identified in the
2002:
1249:
at the top of the page, fill it in as follows, and save:
62:
may apply. Substantive edits to this page should reflect
32:"Knowledge:Conflict" redirects here. For other uses, see
1273:
Name of person/organization that is paying for the edits
671:
1827:"), in which case copyright resides with the employer.
1528:
is in a position where the judgment must be exercised.
3225:
Knowledge community discussion on conflict of interest
3091:
Knowledge:The Knowledge Library/Cultural Professionals
2838:
Knowledge:Harassment § Posting of personal information
2305:
Knowledge:The Knowledge Library/Cultural Professionals
1626:
Do not rely on the sources offered by the paid editor.
3186:
Knowledge:Plain and simple conflict of interest guide
3096:
Category:Knowledge conflict of interest edit requests
708:
Knowledge:Plain and simple conflict of interest guide
28:
Knowledge:Plain and simple conflict of interest guide
3161:
Knowledge:For publicists publicizing a client's work
2539:
to control its content, or to delete it outside the
1762:
Editors who refuse to accept a consensus by arguing
1717:
helps avoid broken links when sections are archived.
1546:
in a position where the judgment must be exercised.
1346:
and likely to result in sanctions or their removal.
2878:"Reporting to the conflict of interest noticeboard"
1568:
Dealing with edit requests from COI or paid editors
1048:1. If you want to use a template to do this, place
3006:Terms of Use#4. Refraining from Certain Activities
2393:Another example of acceptable paid editing is the
2284:"WP:CURATOR" redirects here. For the tool used by
2032:(ASA) in the UK found in 2012 that the content of
1854:Knowledge:Declaration of consent for all enquiries
894:you should make the disclosure on your user page,
599:
2737:Reporting to the conflict of interest noticeboard
2379:Core characteristics of a Wikipedian in Residence
1233:"WP:UPE" redirects here. Not to be confused with
4617:
3561:Do not include copies of lengthy primary sources
648:allows very obvious errors to be fixed quickly,
4315:Conflict of interest in the healthcare industry
3363:, in Trudo Lemmings and Duff R. Waring (eds.),
2910:Relevant article talk pages may be tagged with
2850:takes precedence. It requires that Wikipedians
2020:disclosures about their corporate affiliation.
1610:Make sure the proposed paid text complies with
1005:. This is the policy of the English Knowledge.
948:
3723:Do not disrupt Knowledge to illustrate a point
3219:Knowledge community discussion on paid editing
1986:To judge whether an ad is deceptive under the
1881:Knowledge:Reliable sources § Sponsored content
1564:resolved through discussion whenever possible.
1096:Note that someone else may add this for you.
4605:Conflicts of interest on Knowledge (category)
4280:
3394:
2934:. A section of an article can be tagged with
1633:Be cautious about accepting content based on
765:template), so that they can be peer-reviewed;
662:of editors against their wishes. Knowledge's
564:
4149:
3337:Conflict of Interest in American Public Life
2624:fix spelling, grammatical, or markup errors,
2467:Knowledge:Articles for creation/Scam warning
1460:and omitting negative information. They may
922:template, so that they can be peer-reviewed;
4485:Sponsorship of continuing medical education
4055:Categories, lists, and navigation templates
2890:Knowledge:Blocking policy § Disruption-only
2697:Knowledge:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard
2375:galleries, libraries, archives, and museums
1641:such as a company website or press release.
1136:Edit the source of your user page and type
646:policy on matters relating to living people
58:Editors should generally follow it, though
4287:
4273:
3401:
3387:
3323:Business & Professional Ethics Journal
3309:Business & Professional Ethics Journal
3146:Knowledge:Conflicts of interest (medicine)
2743:Knowledge:Conflict of interest/Noticeboard
929:process instead of creating them directly;
772:process instead of creating them directly;
571:
557:
21:Knowledge:Conflict of interest/Noticeboard
4636:Knowledge conflict of interest guidelines
3040:Conflict of interest editing on Knowledge
2334:Knowledge is not a mirror or a repository
1659:Knowledge:Copying text from other sources
800:Conflict-of-interest editing on Knowledge
50:This page documents an English Knowledge
4294:
3295:Business and Professional Ethics Journal
3201:Knowledge:Knowledge is in the real world
3017:, Wikimedia Foundation, 21 October 2013.
2926:. The article itself may be tagged with
2513:Knowledge:Knowledge is in the real world
2433:declaration of their paid editing status
2301:Knowledge:Advice for the cultural sector
2159:Knowledge:Credible claim of significance
1768:may find themselves in violation of the
1435:Determining that someone has a COI is a
1099:2. You can also make a statement in the
925:you should put new articles through the
905:from editing affected articles directly;
768:you should put new articles through the
748:from editing affected articles directly;
3266:(failed policy proposal, December 2013)
3258:(failed policy proposal, November 2013)
3250:(failed policy proposal, November 2013)
2772:conflict of interest noticeboard (COIN)
2551:No shared accounts, no company accounts
2153:Writing about yourself, family, friends
1813:Creative Commons-Attribution-Sharealike
4618:
4523:R v Sussex Justices, ex parte McCarthy
3052:Knowledge:Paid-contribution disclosure
2701:Knowledge:Reliable sources/Noticeboard
2047:Canadian Code of Advertising Standards
1447:Why is conflict of interest a problem?
1229:Knowledge:Paid-contribution disclosure
981:Knowledge:Paid-contribution disclosure
446:Deletion guidelines for administrators
4268:
3382:
3028:Knowledge:Contact us/Article subjects
2662:Supplying photographs and media files
2617:remove unambiguous violations of the
2011:Unfair Commercial Practices Directive
1267:{{Connected contributor (paid)|User1=
1257:Connected contributor (paid) template
898:, and whenever you discuss the topic;
741:when involved with affected articles;
3196:Knowledge:Search engine optimization
2884:Dealing with single-purpose accounts
2846:When investigating COI editing, the
2099:biographies of living persons policy
1988:Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914
1884:
1770:guideline against disruptive editing
1057:at the top of the affected talk page
957:guide to effective COI edit requests
947:by keeping discussions concise (see
103:
38:
4460:Pharmaceutical sales representative
4214:List of all policies and guidelines
3370:McDonald, Michael (23 April 2006).
3234:(failed proposal, 21 February 2013)
2686:How to handle conflicts of interest
1059:, fill it in as follows, and save:
887:
876:provide links on your user-page to
672:How to handle conflicts of interest
637:
34:Knowledge:Conflict (disambiguation)
13:
4320:Conflicts of interest on Knowledge
4253:Summaries of values and principles
4094:
3932:
3695:
3521:
3191:Knowledge:Public relations (essay)
2852:not reveal the identity of editors
2336:of links, images, or media files.
2024:UK Advertising Standards Authority
2001:
1969:
1655:Knowledge:Copying within Knowledge
1480:Actual, potential and apparent COI
967:(except when related to work as a
872:requires that (if applicable) you
736:
633:
66:. When in doubt, discuss first on
14:
4647:
3372:"Ethics and Conflict of Interest"
3297:, 1(4), pp. 17–27 (influential).
3213:Knowledge:WikiProject Cooperation
975:Wikimedia Foundation terms of use
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3738:Please do not bite the newcomers
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2894:Knowledge:Single-purpose account
2867:
2797:
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1888:
1839:
1355:External roles and relationships
1285:to disclosure on your User page.
655:When investigating COI editing,
638:must disclose who is paying them
107:
42:
4626:Knowledge behavioral guidelines
4595:Conflict of interest (category)
3151:Knowledge:Deceptive advertising
3074:Knowledge:WikiProject Integrity
3062:Knowledge:What Knowledge is not
2729:, please bring that concern to
2634:remove their own COI edits, and
2030:Advertising Standards Authority
1776:Copyright of paid contributions
1637:such as a personal website, or
1106:3. If you want to note the COI
1081:|U1-declared=yes|U1-otherlinks=
936:of affected article(s) at AfC,
790:by keeping discussions concise.
779:of affected article(s) at AfC,
689:Knowledge:What Knowledge is not
3367:, University of Toronto Press.
3181:Knowledge:Paid editing (essay)
3122:Users creating autobiographies
3112:Knowledge:FAQ/Article subjects
2507:Law of unintended consequences
2104:potential conflict of interest
1946:Direct-to-consumer advertising
1817:GNU Free Documentation License
1397:financial conflict of interest
1077:{{Connected contributor|User1=
1067:Connected contributor template
794:Note that no one on Knowledge
628:Editors with a COI, including
623:unaware of whether or how much
1:
3748:Responding to threats of harm
3490:Biographies of living persons
3176:Knowledge:Independent sources
2406:Solicitations by paid editors
1649:Attribution in edit summaries
1472:, and they may give too much
1350:What is conflict of interest?
189:Don't disrupt to make a point
4569:Who Killed the Electric Car?
3815:Criteria for speedy deletion
3684:Paid-contribution disclosure
3255:Paid editing policy proposal
2922:connected contributor (paid)
2569:Making uncontroversial edits
2486:paid-contribution disclosure
2051:Advertising Standards Canada
2041:Advertising Standards Canada
1311:connected contributor (paid)
1245:connected contributor (paid)
757:on talk pages (by using the
369:Categories, lists, templates
7:
3340:, Harvard University Press.
2898:Accounts that appear to be
2619:biography of living persons
1896:This section in a nutshell:
1269:Username of the paid editor
1235:Knowledge:Use plain English
927:Articles for Creation (AfC)
914:on talk pages by using the
770:Articles for Creation (AfC)
210:Other behavioral guidelines
10:
4652:
3263:Conflict of interest limit
2887:
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2817:
2746:
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2572:
2554:
2516:
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2481:large number of businesses
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2286:Knowledge:New pages patrol
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2008:
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1725:Paid editors on talk pages
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1483:
1437:description of a situation
1416:
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1194:
1159:For a COI disclosure, see
1103:of any COI contribution.
1019:
978:
809:
711:
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686:
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68:this guideline's talk page
31:
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18:
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4335:Judicial disqualification
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4081:
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3905:
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3772:
3692:
3608:
3598:
3518:
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3444:
3420:
3345:Business Ethics Quarterly
3057:Knowledge:Username policy
2944:Other templates include:
2868:
2848:policy against harassment
2798:
2774:. This also applies to a
2768:dispute resolution policy
2496:
1998:European fair-trading law
1898:Avoid hidden advertising.
1840:
664:policy against harassment
594:involves contributing to
215:WMF friendly space policy
4455:Pharmaceutical marketing
2371:Wikipedians in residence
2347:Wikipedians in residence
2330:external links guideline
2274:to be a form of spamming
2062:Legal and other disputes
1952:Federal Trade Commission
1317:undisclosed paid editing
650:including by the subject
351:Other editing guidelines
314:Other content guidelines
183:Don't bite the newcomers
115:This page in a nutshell:
4502:Nemo iudex in causa sua
4191:Licensing and copyright
3411:policies and guidelines
3156:Knowledge:Don't cry COI
2876:. Also see the section
2806:. Follow the advice in
2668:instructions at Commons
2290:Knowledge:Page Curation
2166:Knowledge:Autobiography
2057:Other categories of COI
1852:for how to do this and
1832:Volunteer Response Team
1574:Knowledge:Edit requests
1470:non-independent sources
969:Wikipedian-in-residence
4386:Arm's length principle
3347:, 14(1), pp. 161–182.
3334:Stark, Andrew (2003).
3291:"Conflict of Interest"
3166:Knowledge:Ghostwriting
3107:Knowledge:Reward board
2691:Advocacy, noticeboards
2113:Campaigning, political
2006:
1984:
1982:Trade Commission, 2015
1974:
1957:Endorsement Guidelines
1635:self-published sources
1579:Responding to requests
1407:COI is not simply bias
1393:Subject-matter experts
1170:
1141:Knowledge article name
896:on affected talk pages
4186:Friendly space policy
3976:Broad-concept article
3485:What Knowledge is not
3480:Neutral point of view
2914:connected contributor
2888:Further information:
2836:Further information:
2555:Further information:
2511:Further information:
2477:Operation Orangemoody
2465:Further information:
2295:Further information:
2201:Articles for Creation
2164:Further information:
2066:Further information:
2005:
1973:
1968:
1856:for a sample letter.
1653:Further information:
1572:Further information:
1454:neutral point of view
1411:Further information:
1227:Further information:
1157:
1146:, then click "save".
1052:connected contributor
1011:How to disclose a COI
979:Further information:
934:not act as a reviewer
788:respect other editors
777:not act as a reviewer
687:Further information:
600:external relationship
299:Don't copy long texts
4631:Knowledge notability
4296:Conflict of interest
3753:Talk page guidelines
3713:Conflict of interest
3654:Ownership of content
3499:Copyright violations
3475:No original research
3325:, 12(4), pp. 21–41.
3000:Wikimedia Foundation
2332:. Bear in mind that
1871:for how to do this.
1863:for the text in the
1692:for the text in the
987:Wikimedia Foundation
903:strongly discouraged
866:Wikimedia Foundation
746:strongly discouraged
693:As an encyclopedia,
683:Purpose of Knowledge
678:Knowledge's position
642:Wikimedia Foundation
619:public embarrassment
604:conflict of interest
584:Conflict of interest
233:Talk page guidelines
168:Conflict of interest
127:Knowledge guidelines
52:behavioral guideline
4445:Medical ghostwriter
3649:No personal attacks
3571:Don't create hoaxes
3303:10.5840/bpej1982149
3086:Knowledge:About you
2652:the COI noticeboard
2503:for investigation.
2015:In 2012 the Munich
1963:Dot Com Disclosures
1942:Consumer protection
1622:independent sources
1129:UserboxCOI template
695:Knowledge's mission
660:reveal the identity
304:Don't create hoaxes
4345:Regulatory capture
4244:List of guidelines
4065:Template namespace
3743:Courtesy vanishing
3718:Disruptive editing
3664:Dispute resolution
3239:Commercial editing
2475:; see for example
2383:Wikimedia Outreach
2049:, administered by
2007:
1975:
1938:Native advertising
1875:Covert advertising
1759:argue with them.
1476:to certain ideas.
1113:, you can use the
945:respect volunteers
632:, are expected to
516:Naming conventions
294:Offensive material
178:Disruptive editing
173:Courtesy vanishing
4613:
4612:
4465:Pharmacovigilance
4262:
4261:
4204:
4203:
4144:
4143:
4107:Project namespace
4077:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4014:Dates and numbers
3981:Understandability
3891:
3890:
3838:
3837:
3830:Revision deletion
3803:Proposed deletion
3768:
3767:
3733:Gaming the system
3708:Assume good faith
3594:
3593:
3267:
3259:
3251:
3243:
3235:
2537:you have no right
2341:WP:Expert editors
2017:Oberlandesgericht
1929:
1928:
1718:
1295:
1294:
1212:WP:COIDISCLOSEPAY
1205:WP:COIPAYDISCLOSE
1168:
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1150:
1093:
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796:controls articles
581:
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386:
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346:Understandability
245:
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200:Gaming the system
163:Assume good faith
121:
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102:
101:
4643:
4603:
4602:
4593:
4592:
4576:Taken for a Ride
4470:Political ethics
4418:Follow the money
4289:
4282:
4275:
4266:
4265:
4239:
4238:
4229:List of policies
4224:
4223:
4181:List of policies
4168:
4167:
4166:
4158:
4157:
4154:
4151:
4099:
4098:
4097:
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4088:
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4082:Project content
3942:
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3679:Child protection
3674:No legal threats
3644:Ignore all rules
3616:
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3549:Reliable sources
3526:
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3433:Ignore all rules
3415:
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3396:
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3380:
3379:
3357:Krimsky, Sheldon
3311:, 6, pp. 66–81.
3265:
3257:
3249:
3247:No paid advocacy
3241:
3233:
3124:(an edit filter)
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2639:reliable sources
2637:add independent
2610:and unambiguous
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1815:license and the
1805:
1803:WP:PAIDCOPYRIGHT
1798:
1755:be highlighted.
1748:
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1680:WP:PAIDATTRIBUTE
1675:
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1456:policy by being
1441:tendency to bias
1429:
1401:citing your work
1371:
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938:new pages patrol
921:
850:
843:
836:
829:
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781:new pages patrol
764:
724:
668:takes precedence
573:
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436:Deletion process
330:
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288:Non-free content
270:Reliable sources
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4396:Business ethics
4369:
4355:Self-regulation
4330:Insider trading
4298:
4293:
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3997:Manual of Style
3985:
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3909:
3907:
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3883:Page protection
3856:
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3834:
3798:Deletion policy
3786:
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3612:
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3581:Patent nonsense
3576:Fringe theories
3522:
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3456:
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3416:
3407:
3377:
3279:(chronological)
3275:
3273:Further reading
3270:
2996:
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2961:uw-coi-username
2958:
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2600:WP:FINANCIALCOI
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2541:normal channels
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2443:Beware of scams
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1162:Talk:Steve Jobs
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728:
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455:Project content
401:Manual of Style
309:Patent nonsense
287:
282:Fringe theories
188:
136:Guidelines list
108:
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3409:Knowledge key
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2297:Knowledge:GLAM
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2265:undue emphasis
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2191:WP:SELFPROMOTE
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1383:cryptocurrency
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4360:State capture
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4009:Accessibility
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3539:Autobiography
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3470:Verifiability
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3318:(influential)
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1825:work for hire
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940:or elsewhere;
939:
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4350:Self-dealing
4325:Funding bias
4310:Chinese wall
4251:
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4176:Terms of Use
4161:
4112:WikiProjects
4092:
4029:Lead section
3949:Article size
3930:
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3853:
3843:Enforcement
3783:
3712:
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3669:Sockpuppetry
3659:Edit warring
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2695:Main pages:
2672:
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2629:broken links
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2583:WP:COIADVICE
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2395:reward board
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1698:
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1604:ghostwritten
1600:
1556:apparent COI
1553:
1551:
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1535:
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1494:WP:ACTUALCOI
1450:
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991:terms of use
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630:paid editors
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469:WikiProjects
336:Article size
167:
114:
49:
3820:Attack page
3808:Biographies
3130:, June 2014
3117:User:COIBot
3011:Sue Gardner
2741:Main page:
2727:meatpuppets
2723:sockpuppets
2673:The use of
2654:. See also
2648:WikiProject
2248:WP:CIRCULAR
2238:WP:SELFCITE
2144:WP:ADVOCACY
2089:WP:COILEGAL
1978:online. ...
1861:attribution
1690:attribution
1458:promotional
1413:WP:ADVOCACY
1030:WP:DISCLOSE
1016:General COI
1003:affiliation
961:WP:TEAHOUSE
943:you should
786:you should
775:you should
734:you should
702:COI editing
634:disclose it
441:Speedy keep
224:Discussions
92:WP:CONFLICT
4620:Categories
4555:Inside Job
4548:Big Pharma
4541:Bad Pharma
4406:Corruption
4124:User boxes
4119:User pages
3758:Signatures
3634:Harassment
3566:Plagiarism
3534:Notability
3207:Historical
3022:Contact us
2985:UserboxCOI
2940:|section}}
2865:paid-en-wp
2795:paid-en-wp
2757:WP:COICOIN
2656:WP:COITALK
2561:WP:ORGNAME
2557:WP:NOSHARE
2493:paid-en-wp
2319:WP:CURATOR
2261:WP:SELFPUB
2253:See also:
2184:WP:COISELF
2142:See also:
2009:See also:
1936:See also:
1879:See also:
1780:See also:
1765:ad nauseam
1746:WP:PAYTALK
1739:WP:COITALK
1544:but is not
1520:actual COI
1183:verifiable
1121:template:
1117:UserboxCOI
949:WP:PAYTALK
722:WP:COIEDIT
706:See also:
612:good faith
521:Notability
486:User boxes
481:User pages
238:Signatures
205:User pages
150:Behavioral
60:exceptions
4381:AllTrials
4131:Shortcuts
3825:Oversight
3773:Deletion
3728:Etiquette
3639:Vandalism
3629:Consensus
3505:Image use
3495:Copyright
3215:(defunct)
2906:Templates
2808:WP:OUTING
2787:WP:OUTING
2612:vandalism
2575:Shortcuts
2361:WP:WIRCOI
2339:See also
2255:WP:MEDCOI
2206:WP:COIREQ
2176:Shortcuts
2170:WP:BLPCOI
2119:Shortcuts
2082:WP:COIBLP
2074:Shortcuts
2068:WP:BLPCOI
1954:(FTC) at
1912:WP:COVERT
1904:Shortcuts
1788:Shortcuts
1731:Shortcuts
1715:permalink
1665:Shortcuts
1612:WP:WEIGHT
1486:Shortcuts
1197:Shortcuts
1022:Shortcuts
932:you must
885:you must
812:Shortcuts
608:situation
596:Knowledge
493:Shortcuts
476:Templates
195:Etiquette
77:Shortcuts
64:consensus
4516:R v Neil
4428:Lobbying
4412:Cui bono
4401:Cochrane
4340:Nepotism
4136:Subpages
4002:Contents
3971:Hatnotes
3896:Editing
3878:Blocking
3624:Civility
3599:Conduct
3554:Medicine
3445:Content
3359:(2006).
3330:27800924
3316:27799930
3289:(1982).
3046:Policies
2994:See also
2820:Shortcut
2749:Shortcut
2715:WP:NPOVN
2711:advocacy
2675:non-free
2519:Shortcut
2449:Shortcut
2353:Shortcut
2311:Shortcut
2230:Shortcut
1585:Shortcut
1462:edit war
1419:Shortcut
1361:Shortcut
1334:edit COI
1300:employer
1177:edit COI
995:employer
918:edit COI
908:you may
901:you are
888:disclose
841:WP:NOPAY
761:edit COI
751:you may
744:you are
739:your COI
737:disclose
714:Shortcut
498:Subpages
427:Deletion
406:contents
275:medicine
4374:Related
4034:Linking
3961:Be bold
3873:Banning
3352:3857777
3227:, 2012.
3034:Article
2969:policy)
2880:above.
2627:repair
2621:policy,
2606:remove
2590:WP:COIU
2218:WP:BLPN
1848:). See
1399:and on
1281:Insert
1155:Example
1037:WP:DCOI
848:WP:FCOI
834:WP:NOPR
592:editing
341:Be bold
323:Editing
251:Content
4303:Issues
4024:Layout
4019:Images
3135:Essays
2951:uw-coi
2892:, and
2840:, and
2731:WP:SPI
2719:WP:RSN
2650:or at
2527:WP:LUC
2303:, and
2288:, see
2214:WP:VRT
2034:tweets
1944:, and
1867:. See
1474:weight
1304:client
1219:WP:UPE
999:client
827:WP:PAY
657:do not
530:Search
416:tables
85:WP:COI
4533:Media
4438:cases
4365:Shill
4039:Lists
3990:Style
3349:JSTOR
3327:JSTOR
3313:JSTOR
2861:email
2473:fraud
820:WP:PE
507:Other
411:lists
392:Style
4391:Bias
2699:and
2608:spam
2559:and
2479:. A
2168:and
2097:The
2045:The
2028:The
1960:and
1713:The
1657:and
1298:The
1283:diff
985:The
874:must
864:The
4494:Law
4153:(?)
4150:WMF
4084:(?)
3898:(?)
3845:(?)
3775:(?)
3601:(?)
3447:(?)
3414:(?)
3299:doi
2938:COI
2930:COI
2918:or
2856:are
2725:or
2545:not
2381:at
2106:."
1552:An
1526:and
1516:An
1468:or
1323:).
1321:UPE
1108:on
989:'s
878:all
588:COI
4622::
4241::
4226::
3293:,
3013:,
2987:}}
2983:{{
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1772:.
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1534:A
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652:.
614:.
590:)
4288:e
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4274:v
4237:G
4222:P
4165:P
4096:G
3934:G
3910:P
3857:P
3787:P
3697:G
3613:P
3523:G
3501:)
3497:(
3459:P
3402:e
3395:t
3388:v
3301::
2631:,
2614:,
2292:.
2250:.
2161:.
1834:(
1614:.
1319:(
1237:.
586:(
572:e
565:t
558:v
70:.
54:.
36:.
23:.
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