459:, which Nietzsche acquired around 1886 and subsequently read closely, also had considerable influence on his theory of will to power. Nietzsche wrote a letter to Franz Overbeck about it, noting that it has "been sheepishly put aside by Darwinists". Nägeli believed in a "perfection principle", which led to greater complexity. He called the seat of heritability the idioplasma, and argued, with a military metaphor, that a more complex, complicatedly ordered idioplasma would usually defeat a simpler rival. In other words, he is also arguing for internal evolution, similar to Roux, except emphasizing complexity as the main factor instead of strength.
580:
the will of the one over the other. This thus creates the state of things in the observable or conscious world still operating through the same tension. Derrida is careful not to confine the will to power to human behavior, the mind, metaphysics, nor physical reality individually. It is the underlying life principle inaugurating all aspects of life and behavior, a self-preserving force. A sense of entropy and the eternal return, which are related, is always indissociable from the will to power. The eternal return of all memory initiated by the will to power is an entropic force again inherent to all life.
666:
without this character. One must indeed grant something even more unpalatable: that, from the highest biological standpoint, legal conditions can never be other than exceptional conditions, since they constitute a partial restriction of the will of life, which is bent upon power, and are subordinate to its total goal as a single means: namely, as a means of creating greater units of power. A legal order thought of as sovereign and universal, not as a means in the struggle between power complexes but as a means of preventing all struggle in general perhaps after the
39:
520:". Nevertheless, in relation to the entire body of Nietzsche's published works, many scholars have insisted that Nietzsche's principle of the will to power is less metaphysical and more pragmatic than Schopenhauer's will to live: while Schopenhauer thought the will to live was what was most real in the universe, Nietzsche can be understood as claiming only that the will to power is a particularly useful principle for his purposes.
463:
published writings. Having derived the "will to power" from three anti-Darwin evolutionists, as well as Dumont, it seems appropriate that he should use his "will to power" as an anti-Darwinian explanation of evolution. He expresses a number of times the idea that adaptation and the struggle to survive is a secondary drive in the evolution of animals, behind the desire to expand one's power – the "will to power".
360:, Nietzsche had speculated that pleasures such as cruelty are pleasurable because of exercise of power. But Dumont provided a physiological basis for Nietzsche's speculation. Dumont's theory also would have seemed to confirm Nietzsche's claim that pleasure and pain are reserved for intellectual beings, since, according to Dumont, pain and pleasure require a coming to consciousness and not just a sensing.
676:
annoyances and being thwarted in ones attempt to accomplish a goal are necessary pre-conditions for our power. In 'Thus Spoke
Zarathustra' Nietzsche said "And life confided the secret to me: behold, it said, I am that which must always overcome itself." Nietzsche thought it necessary to have the power to discharge ones strength and thus fulfil one's purpose in the manifestation of will to power.
906:
685:"Human beings do not seek pleasure and avoid displeasure. What human beings want, whatever the smallest organism wants, is an increase of power; driven by that will they seek resistance, they need something that opposes it - displeasure, as an obstacle to their will to power, is therefore a normal fact; human beings do not avoid it, they are rather in continual need of it".
920:
680:"Physiologists should think twice before positioning the drive for self preservation as the cardinal drive of an organic being. Above all, a living thing wants to discharge its strength - life itself is will to power- self preservation is only one of the indirect and most infrequent consequences of this."
593:
It would be possible to claim that rather than an attempt to 'dominate over others', the "will to power" is better understood as the tenuous equilibrium in a system of forces' relations to each other. While a rock, for instance, does not have a conscious (or unconscious) "will", it nevertheless acts
494:
and much speculation on the physical possibility of this idea and the mechanics of its actualization occur in his later notebooks. Here, the will to power as a potential physics is integrated with the postulated eternal recurrence. Taken literally as a theory for how things are, Nietzsche appears to
466:
Nonetheless, in his notebooks he continues to expand the theory of the will to power. Influenced by his earlier readings of
Boscovich, he began to develop a physics of the will to power. The idea of matter as centers of force is translated into matter as centers of will to power. Nietzsche wanted to
579:
also emphasized the connection between the will to power and eternal return. Both
Jacques Derrida and Gilles Deleuze were careful to point out that the primary nature of will to power is unconscious. This means that the drive to power is always already at work unconsciously, perpetually advancing
462:
Thus, Dumont's pleasure in the expansion of power, Roux's internal struggle, Nägeli's drive towards complexity, and Rolph's principle of insatiability and assimilation are fused together into the biological side of
Nietzsche's theory of will to power, which is developed in a number of places in his
377:
first appears in part 1, "1001 Goals" (1883), then in part 2, in two sections, "Self-Overcoming" and "Redemption" (later in 1883). "Self-Overcoming" describes it in most detail, saying it is an "unexhausted procreative will of life". There is will to power where there is life and even the strongest
550:
I have found strength where one does not look for it: in simple, mild, and pleasant people, without the least desire to rule—and, conversely, the desire to rule has often appeared to me a sign of inward weakness: they fear their own slave soul and shroud it in a royal cloak (in the end, they still
675:
Nietzsche thought that the drive is to manifest power rather than self-preservation. He thought it was most of the time incorrect that organisms live to prolong their life-time or extend the life of their species. Resistances are not painful annoyances but necessary for growth to occur. Suffering
665:
To speak of just or unjust in itself is quite senseless; in itself, of course, no injury, assault, exploitation, destruction can be 'unjust,' since life operates essentially, that is in its basic functions, through injury, assault, exploitation, destruction and simply cannot be thought of at all
588:
My idea is that every specific body strives to become master over all space and to extend its force (its will to power) and to thrust back all that resists its extension. But it continually encounters similar efforts on the part of other bodies and ends by coming to an arrangement ("union") with
423:
like Roux, who wished to argue for evolution by a different mechanism than natural selection. Rolph argued that all life seeks primarily to expand itself. Organisms fulfill this need through assimilation, trying to make as much of what is found around them into part of themselves, for example by
389:) thus became a subsidiary to the will to power, which is the stronger will. Nietzsche thinks his notion of the will to power is far more useful than Schopenhauer's will to live for explaining various events, especially human behavior—for example, Nietzsche uses the will to power to explain both
1391:
The phrase will to power appears in "147 entries of the Colli and
Montinari edition of the Nachlass. ... one-fifth of the occurrences of Wille zur Macht have to do with outlines of various lengths of the projected but ultimately abandoned book". Linda L. Williams, "Will to Power in Nietzsche's
583:
Opposed to this interpretation, the "will to power" can be understood (or misunderstood) to mean a struggle against one's surroundings that culminates in personal growth, self-overcoming, and self-perfection, and assert that the power held over others as a result of this is coincidental. Thus
511:
In contemporary
Nietzschean scholarship, some interpreters have emphasized the will to power as a psychological principle because Nietzsche applies it most frequently to human behavior. However, in Nietzsche's unpublished notes (later published by his sister as "The Will to Power"), Nietzsche
498:
Some scholars believe that
Nietzsche used the concept of eternal recurrence metaphorically. But others, such as Paul Loeb, have argued that "Nietzsche did indeed believe in the truth of cosmological eternal recurrence." By either interpretation the acceptance of eternal recurrence raises the
437:
Even the body within which individuals treat each other as equals ... will have to be an incarnate will to power, it will strive to grow, spread, seize, become predominant – not from any morality or immorality but because it is living and because life simply is will to
259:, where he declares war on "soul-atomism". Boscovich had rejected the idea of "materialistic atomism", which Nietzsche calls "one of the best refuted theories there is". The idea of centers of force would become central to Nietzsche's later theories of "will to power".
1423:
For discussion, see
Whitlock, "Roger Boscovich, Benedict de Spinoza and Friedrich Nietzsche"; Moles, "Nietzsche’s Eternal Recurrence as Riemannian Cosmology"; Christa Davis Acampora, "Between Mechanism and Teleology: Will to Power and Nietzsche’s Gay
634:, he claims that philosophers' "will to truth" (i.e., their apparent desire to dispassionately seek objective, absolute truth) is actually nothing more than a manifestation of their will to power; this will can be life-affirming or a manifestation of
227:
and everything in it is driven by a primordial will to live, which results in a desire in all living creatures to avoid death and to procreate. For
Schopenhauer, this will is the most fundamental aspect of reality – more fundamental even than being.
670:
cliché of Dühring, that every will must consider every other will its equal—would be a principle hostile to life, an agent of the dissolution and destruction of man, an attempt to assassinate the future of man, a sign of weariness, a secret path to
641:
Other
Nietzschean interpreters dispute the suggestion that Nietzsche's concept of the will to power is merely and only a matter of narrow, harmless, humanistic self-perfection. They suggest that, for Nietzsche, power means self-perfection
160:
may have believed to be the main driving force in humans. However, the concept was never systematically defined in Nietzsche's work, leaving its interpretation open to debate. Usage of the term by Nietzsche can be summarized as
1613:
551:
become the slaves of their followers, their fame, etc.) The powerful natures dominate, it is a necessity, they need not lift one finger. Even if, during their lifetime, they bury themselves in a garden house!
612:. The "will to power" is thus a "cosmic" inner force acting in and through both animate and inanimate objects. Not just instincts but also higher level behaviors (even in humans) were to be reduced to the
141:
731:
or the "will to meaning". Adler's intent was to build a movement that would rival, even supplant, others in psychology by arguing for the holistic integrity of psychological well-being with that of
499:
question of whether it could justify a trans-valuation of one's life, and be a necessary precursor to the overman in his/her perfect acceptance of all that is, for the love of life itself and
546:
in his 1930s courses on Nietzsche—suggesting that raw physical or political power was not what Nietzsche had in mind. This is reflected in the following passage from Nietzsche's notebooks:
594:
as a site of resistance within the "will to power" dynamic. Moreover, rather than 'dominating over others', "will to power" is more accurately positioned in relation to the subject (a mere
894:
tells the player character that the dragons were made to dominate: "The will to power is in our blood." Only through meditation has he been able to overcome his dominating compulsion.
445:
has the most references to "will to power" in his published works, appearing in 11 aphorisms. The influence of Rolph and its connection to "will to power" also continues in book 5 of
313:
level. The various cells and tissues struggle for finite resources, so that only the strongest survive. Through this mechanism, the body grows stronger and better adapted. Rejecting
478:
built upon the will to power do not appear to arise anywhere in his published works or in any of the final books published posthumously, except in the above-mentioned aphorism from
305:) in 1881, and Nietzsche first read it that year. The book was a response to Darwinian theory, proposing an alternative mode of evolution. Roux was a disciple of and influenced by
373:. The concept, at this point, was no longer limited to only those intellectual beings that can actually experience the feeling of power; it now applied to all life. The phrase
1731:, a selection of texts from Nietzsche's estate related to his philosophical concept and book projects "Wille zur Macht" ("Will to Power"), edited by Bernd Jung based on the
342:
he notes that it is only "in intellectual beings that pleasure, displeasure, and will are to be found", excluding the vast majority of organisms from the desire for power.
338:(1882), where in a section titled "On the doctrine of the feeling of power", he connects the desire for cruelty with the pleasure in the feeling of power. Elsewhere in
703:
borrowed heavily from Nietzsche's work to develop his second Viennese school of psychotherapy called individual psychology. Adler (1912) wrote in his important book
184:
2073:
1116:
and his followers. By the time Nietzsche wrote, treating matter in terms of fields of force was the dominant understanding of the fundamental notions of physics.
715:
and the older writers, according to whom the sensation of pleasure originates in a feeling of power, that of pain in a feeling of feebleness (Ohnmacht).
609:
1432:, 171–188 (Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2004); Stack, "Nietzsche and Boscovich’s Natural Philosophy"; and Small "The Physics of Eternal Recurrence", in
409:
352:
Nietzsche read in 1883, seems to have exerted some influence on this concept. Dumont believed that pleasure is related to increases in force. In
2151:
2026:
1768:
482:, where he references Boscovich (section 12). It does recur in his notebooks, but not all scholars treat these ideas as part of his thought.
516:
reality, not just human behavior—thus making it more directly analogous to Schopenhauer's will to live. For example, Nietzsche claims the "
416:
around mid-1884, and it clearly interested him, for his copy is heavily annotated. He made many notes concerning Rolph. Rolph was another
2126:
712:
661:. Nietzsche, in fact, explicitly and specifically defined the egalitarian state-idea as the embodiment of the will to power in decline:
2136:
1803:
2036:
2021:
1112:, which reduces matter to force altogether. Kant’s view, in turn, became very influential in German physics through the work of
378:
living things will risk their lives for more power. This suggests that the will to power is stronger than the will to survive.
749:, Frankl compared his third Viennese school of psychotherapy with Adler's psychoanalytic interpretation of the will to power:
495:
imagine a physical universe of perpetual struggle and force that repeatedly completes its cycle and returns to the beginning.
1808:
881:(Season 1, Episode 17), the Lex Luthor character reveals that his father gave him a copy of the book for his tenth birthday.
711:
Nietzsche's "Will to power" and "Will to seem" embrace many of our views, which again resemble in some respects the views of
103:
75:
219:, whom he first discovered in 1865. Schopenhauer puts a central emphasis on will and in particular has a concept of the "
1314:
Horn, Anette (2005). "Nietzsche's interpretation of his sources on Darwinism: Idioplasma, Micells and military troops".
1303:
Brobjer says it is the most heavily annotated book of his 1886 reading, "Nietzsche’s Reading and Private Library", 679.
589:
those of them that are sufficiently related to it: thus they then conspire together for power. And the process goes on.
628:
on the other—though its manifestations can be altered significantly, such as through art and aesthetic experience. In
2041:
2031:
1903:
1761:
1677:
1641:
753:... the striving to find a meaning in one's life is the primary motivational force in man. That is why I speak of a
153:
122:
82:
2121:
2047:
1785:
859:
449:(1887) where Nietzsche describes "will to power" as the instinct for "expansion of power" fundamental to all life.
203:
is, within Nietzsche's philosophy, closely tied to sublimation and "self-overcoming", the conscious channeling of
994:
735:. His interpretation of Nietzsche's will to power was concerned with the individual patient's overcoming of the
720:
2053:
1888:
1469:
1154:
1131:
1105:"Boscovich's theory of centers of force was prominent in Germany at the time. Boscovich’s theory 'is echoed in
953:
89:
60:
56:
27:
20:
2085:
780:
1853:
1754:
288:
241:
165:, the concept of actualizing one's will onto one's self or one's surroundings, and coincides heavily with
71:
2079:
1033:
Whitlock, Greg (1996). "Roger Boscovich, Benedict de Spinoza and Friedrich Nietzsche: The Untold Story".
886:
2100:
2068:
600:
1970:
394:
162:
1599:
1169:
Wolfgang Müller-Lauter, "The Organism as Inner Struggle: Wilhelm Roux’s Influence on Nietzsche", in
2063:
1985:
1925:
784:
refers to the will to power by naming one of its available technologies by that name. A quote from
1913:
1883:
943:
49:
1945:
1843:
1798:
1081:
Anderson, R. Lanier (1994). "Nietzsche's Will to Power as a Doctrine of the Unity of Science".
975:
816:
786:
369:
236:
232:
1669:
1662:
539:, who may have drawn influence from it or used it to justify their expansive quest for power.
1960:
1930:
1868:
1863:
1586:
1125:
1113:
695:
512:
sometimes seemed to view the will to power as a more (metaphysical) general force underlying
467:
slough off the theory of matter, which he viewed as a relic of the metaphysics of substance.
1878:
1848:
1823:
1813:
1793:
1090:
828:
630:
620:, lying, and domination, on one hand, and such apparently non-harmful acts as gift-giving,
429:
424:
seeking to increase intake and nutriment. Life forms are naturally insatiable in this way.
273:
255:
96:
1445:
Loeb, Paul, The Death of Nietzsche's Zarathustra, Cambridge University Press, 2010, p. 11.
8:
2141:
2090:
1833:
1818:
1777:
1614:"A Trojan Horse: Logotherapeutic Transcendence and its Secular Implications for Theology"
1504:
832:
739:
736:
655:
216:
157:
1094:
719:
Adler's adaptation of the will to power was and still is in contrast to Sigmund Freud's
604:) and is an idea behind the statement that words are "seductions" within the process of
2131:
1940:
1858:
1331:
1050:
845:
253:
for himself. Nietzsche makes his only reference in his published works to Boscovich in
2146:
2058:
1673:
1637:
1578:
1482:
1335:
1150:
1102:
1054:
925:
911:
572:
559:, Heidegger also argued that the will to power must be considered in relation to the
314:
1171:
Nietzsche: His Philosophy of Contradictions and the Contradictions of His Philosophy
536:
1873:
1323:
1098:
1042:
868:
543:
528:
1838:
1828:
1629:
938:
824:
732:
334:
279:
145:
658:
1935:
1708:
1506:
Digitale kritische Gesamtausgabe, Nachgelassene Fragmente 1888, 14[186]
1327:
1173:, trans. David J. Parent (Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1999), 161–82.
576:
567:
491:
420:
398:
318:
310:
235:, whom Nietzsche discovered and learned about through his reading, in 1866, of
1740:
1414:
cf. Williams, "Will to Power in Nietzsche's Published Works and the Nachlass".
1046:
761:) on which Freudian psychoanalysis is centered, as well as in contrast to the
598:, both fictitious and necessary, for there is "no doer behind the deed," (see
452:
345:
199:
is primordial strength that may be exercised by anything possessing it, while
2115:
2095:
1975:
1657:
1106:
724:
306:
1995:
561:
490:
Throughout the 1880s, in his notebooks, Nietzsche developed a theory of the
2005:
1980:
1692:
1574:
700:
382:
294:
220:
1950:
1243:
Thomas H. Brobjer, "Nietzsche’s Reading and Private Library, 1885–1889",
891:
757:
in contrast to the pleasure principle (or, as we could also term it, the
728:
605:
475:
397:. He also finds the will to power to offer much richer explanations than
393:
life-denying impulses and strong life-affirming impulses as well as both
166:
267:
As the 1880s began, Nietzsche began to speak of the "Desire for Power" (
1990:
1020:
Nietzsche, Godfather of Fascism? On the Uses and Abuses of a Philosophy
933:
877:
854:
595:
433:(1886), where the influence of Rolph seems apparent. Nietzsche writes,
322:
1746:
1919:
1001:(Summer 2021 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University
948:
799:
667:
500:
417:
1521:
1195:, trans. Walter Kaufman (1887; New York: Vintage Books, 1974), §127.
1071:, trans. Walter Kaufmann (1886; New York: Vintage Books, 1966), §12.
38:
1965:
1955:
840:
647:
635:
617:
224:
1732:
794:
651:
523:
Some interpreters also upheld a biological interpretation of the
471:
390:
249:). As early as 1872, Nietzsche went on to study Boscovich's book
866:
The book makes an appearance in the 1933 Barbara Stanwyck movie
831:
chose the name for the group as an homage to German philosopher
262:
223:". Writing a generation before Nietzsche, he explained that the
625:
616:. This includes both such apparently harmful acts as physical
350:
Théorie scientifique de la sensibilité, le plaisir et la peine
1722:
402:
19:
For Nietzsche's posthumous manuscript of the same name, see
1277:," translated "power-will"), 51, 186, 198, 211, 227, 257 ("
621:
532:
183:
Some of the misconceptions of the will to power, including
1348:
Horn, "Nietzsche's Interpretation of his Sources", 265–66.
1281:", translated "strength of will and lust for power"), 259.
835:'s theory of an individual's fundamental "will to power".
790:
is given when the technology is discovered by the player.
401:'s notion that all people really want to be happy, or the
187:, arise from overlooking Nietzsche's distinction between
1523:
Reading Nietzsche: An Analysis of "Beyond Good and Evil"
555:
Opposed to a biological and voluntary conception of the
775:
705:Über den nervösen Charakter (The Neurotic Constitution)
485:
309:, who believed the struggle to survive occurred at the
982:. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. 2021.
457:
Mechanisch-physiologische Theorie der Abstammungslehre
571:—although this reading itself has been criticized by
405:
notion that people want to be unified with the Good.
215:
Nietzsche's early thinking was influenced by that of
1743:, a video explication of the will to power concept.
901:
531:. For example, the concept was appropriated by some
287:, in these works, is the pleasure of the feeling of
63:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1661:
1628:
1573:
1405:Whitlock, "Boscovich, Spinoza and Nietzsche", 207.
1699:, 5th Edition (Billboard Publications), page 715.
769:
2113:
1668:. Boston, Massachusetts: Beacon Press. p.
853:On September 8, 2017, melodic death metal band
518:world is the will to power—and nothing besides!
1762:
1734:Digital Critical Edition of Nietzsche’s Works
1636:. Harper Perennial (1964). pp. 132–133.
263:Appearance of the concept in Nietzsche's work
1083:Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
995:"Nietzsche's Moral and Political Philosophy"
976:"Nietzsche's Moral and Political Philosophy"
638:, but it is the will to power all the same.
328:Nietzsche began to expand on the concept of
185:Nazi appropriation of Nietzsche's philosophy
1110:Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science
820:also includes a technology with this name.
1804:Philosophy in the Tragic Age of the Greeks
1769:
1755:
793:The character of "The Jackal" in the 2008
1634:The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler
1581:. New York: Moffat, Yard and Company: ix.
527:, making it equivalent with some kind of
123:Learn how and when to remove this message
1149:. New York: Cambridge University Press.
1080:
1032:
689:
1776:
1686:
1519:
999:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
980:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
847:Xenosaga Episode I: Der Wille zur Macht
2114:
1656:
1017:
992:
2152:Power (social and political) concepts
1809:On Truth and Lies in a Nonmoral Sense
1750:
1208:(Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2001), 166.
1144:
299:The Struggle of Parts in the Organism
2086:Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche (sister)
2027:Influence and reception of Nietzsche
1612:Seidner, Stanley S. (June 10, 2009)
1313:
486:Will to power and eternal recurrence
427:Nietzsche's next published work was
363:In 1883 Nietzsche coined the phrase
61:adding citations to reliable sources
32:
1392:Published Works and the Nachlass",
1316:South African Journal of Philosophy
210:
156:. The will to power describes what
13:
2127:Concepts in the philosophy of mind
723:or the "will to pleasure", and to
506:
172:
14:
2163:
2137:Philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche
1716:
1279:Willenskräfte und Macht-Begierden
303:Der Kampf der Teile im Organismus
154:philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche
2048:The Journal of Nietzsche Studies
1697:The Billboard Book of No. 1 Hits
918:
904:
765:stressed by Adlerian psychology.
492:"eternal recurrence of the same"
470:These ideas of an all-inclusive
231:Another important influence was
37:
1702:
1650:
1632:; Ansbacher, Rowena R. (1956).
1622:
1606:
1567:
1555:
1543:
1530:
1513:
1492:
1476:
1461:
1448:
1439:
1417:
1408:
1399:
1394:Journal of the History of Ideas
1385:
1364:
1351:
1342:
1306:
1297:
1284:
1263:
1250:
1245:Journal of the History of Ideas
1237:
1224:
1211:
1198:
1185:
542:This reading was criticized by
48:needs additional citations for
2054:Library of Friedrich Nietzsche
1396:57, no. 3 (1996): 447–63, 450.
1176:
1163:
1138:
1074:
1061:
1026:
1011:
986:
968:
770:In fiction and popular culture
575:as a "macroscopic Nietzsche".
28:Will to power (disambiguation)
21:The Will to Power (manuscript)
1:
2074:Relationship with Max Stirner
1247:58, no. 4 (Oct 1997): 663–93.
997:, in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.),
962:
568:thought of eternal recurrence
291:and the hunger to overpower.
251:Theoria Philosophia Naturalis
1854:On the Genealogy of Morality
1728:Buch von Friedrich Nietzsche
1359:Nietzsche, Biology, Metaphor
1232:Nietzsche, Biology, Metaphor
1147:Nietzsche, Biology, Metaphor
1103:10.1016/0039-3681(94)90037-X
242:Geschichte des Materialismus
191:("force" or "strength") and
7:
1741:"Nietzsche – Will to Power"
1579:"The Neurotic Constitution"
897:
887:The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim
857:released an album entitled
348:(1837–77), whose 1875 book
274:The Wanderer and his Shadow
10:
2168:
2069:Nietzsche-Haus, Sils Maria
2037:Nietzsche's views on women
1538:On the Genealogy of Morals
1328:10.4314/sajpem.v24i4.31426
1130:: CS1 maint: postscript (
823:Bob Rosenberg, founder of
814:The 2016 4x strategy game
781:Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri
693:
601:On the Genealogy of Morals
25:
18:
2014:
1902:
1784:
1520:Burnham, Douglas (2006).
1047:10.1515/9783110244441.200
395:master and slave morality
317:, Roux's model assumed a
2064:Nietzsche-Haus, Naumburg
1986:Transvaluation of values
1926:Apollonian and Dionysian
1724:Der "Wille zur Macht" –
1664:Man's Search for Meaning
747:Man's Search for Meaning
237:Friedrich Albert Lange's
2122:Concepts in metaphysics
2101:Zarathustra's roundelay
2042:Nietzsche and free will
2032:Anarchism and Nietzsche
1889:The Will to Power
1884:Nietzsche contra Wagner
1709:Arch Enemy: Discography
1430:Nietzsche & Science
1145:Moore, Gregory (2002).
944:Maximum power principle
838:The first title in the
207:for creative purposes.
1946:Genealogy (philosophy)
1844:Thus Spoke Zarathustra
1799:On the Pathos of Truth
1594:Cite journal requires
1372:Beyond Good & Evil
1018:Golomb, Jacob (2002).
993:Leiter, Brian (2021),
787:Thus Spoke Zarathustra
767:
717:
687:
682:
673:
591:
553:
480:Beyond Good & Evil
440:
370:Thus Spoke Zarathustra
325:model of inheritance.
247:History of Materialism
233:Roger Joseph Boscovich
195:("power" or "might").
152:) is a concept in the
149:
2022:Works about Nietzsche
1971:Master–slave morality
1961:Immaculate perception
1931:The Four Great Errors
1864:Twilight of the Idols
1467:Friedrich Nietzsche.
1273:, §§ 22, 23 36, 44 ("
1114:Hermann von Helmholtz
751:
709:
696:Individual psychology
690:Individual psychology
683:
678:
663:
586:
548:
435:
16:Philosophical concept
1879:Dionysian Dithyrambs
1849:Beyond Good and Evil
1824:Human, All Too Human
1814:Untimely Meditations
1794:The Birth of Tragedy
1551:Beyond Good and Evil
1434:Nietzsche in Context
1271:Beyond Good and Evil
1258:Beyond Good and Evil
1219:Nietzsche in Context
1206:Nietzsche in Context
1069:Beyond Good and Evil
805:Beyond Good and Evil
631:Beyond Good and Evil
443:Beyond Good and Evil
430:Beyond Good and Evil
414:Biologische Probleme
271:); this appeared in
256:Beyond Good and Evil
57:improve this article
26:For other uses, see
2091:Nietzschean Zionism
1834:Idylls from Messina
1819:Hymnus an das Leben
1778:Friedrich Nietzsche
1618:Mater Dei Institute
1487:Friedrich Nietzsche
1380:Genealogy of Morals
1095:1994SHPSA..25..729A
833:Friedrich Nietzsche
217:Arthur Schopenhauer
150:der Wille zur Macht
1941:Faith in the Earth
1859:The Case of Wagner
721:pleasure principle
163:self-determination
2109:
2108:
2059:Nietzsche Archive
1563:The Will to Power
1500:The Will to Power
1483:Mazzino Montinari
1456:The Will To Power
1035:Nietzsche Studien
955:The Will to Power
926:Psychology portal
912:Philosophy portal
584:Nietzsche wrote:
573:Mazzino Montinari
315:natural selection
133:
132:
125:
107:
2159:
1894:
1893:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1748:
1747:
1711:
1706:
1700:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1667:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1630:Ansbacher, Heinz
1626:
1620:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1597:
1592:
1590:
1582:
1571:
1565:
1559:
1553:
1547:
1541:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1496:
1490:
1480:
1474:
1465:
1459:
1452:
1446:
1443:
1437:
1427:
1421:
1415:
1412:
1406:
1403:
1397:
1389:
1383:
1368:
1362:
1355:
1349:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1295:
1288:
1282:
1267:
1261:
1254:
1248:
1241:
1235:
1228:
1222:
1215:
1209:
1202:
1196:
1189:
1183:
1180:
1174:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1129:
1121:
1119:
1078:
1072:
1065:
1059:
1058:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1006:
990:
984:
983:
972:
928:
923:
922:
921:
914:
909:
908:
907:
759:will to pleasure
544:Martin Heidegger
529:social Darwinism
211:Early influences
144:
128:
121:
117:
114:
108:
106:
65:
41:
33:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2080:My Sister and I
2010:
1905:
1898:
1891:
1890:
1839:The Gay Science
1829:The Dawn of Day
1780:
1775:
1719:
1714:
1707:
1703:
1691:
1687:
1680:
1655:
1651:
1644:
1627:
1623:
1611:
1607:
1595:
1593:
1584:
1583:
1572:
1568:
1560:
1556:
1548:
1544:
1535:
1531:
1518:
1514:
1503:
1497:
1493:
1481:
1477:
1466:
1462:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1440:
1425:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1390:
1386:
1370:Cf. Nietzsche,
1369:
1365:
1356:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1292:The Gay Science
1289:
1285:
1268:
1264:
1255:
1251:
1242:
1238:
1229:
1225:
1216:
1212:
1203:
1199:
1193:The Gay Science
1190:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1168:
1164:
1157:
1143:
1139:
1123:
1122:
1117:
1107:Immanuel Kant’s
1079:
1075:
1066:
1062:
1031:
1027:
1016:
1012:
1004:
1002:
991:
987:
974:
973:
969:
965:
939:Heinz Ansbacher
924:
919:
917:
910:
905:
903:
900:
825:freestyle music
772:
755:will to meaning
733:social equality
698:
692:
610:self-overcoming
557:Wille zur Macht
525:Wille zur Macht
509:
507:Interpretations
488:
408:Nietzsche read
387:Wille zum Leben
381:Schopenhauer's
375:Wille zur Macht
365:Wille zur Macht
340:The Gay Science
335:The Gay Science
265:
213:
181:
140:
129:
118:
112:
109:
72:"Will to power"
66:
64:
54:
42:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2165:
2155:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1936:Eternal return
1933:
1928:
1923:
1916:
1910:
1908:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1869:The Antichrist
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1790:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1774:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1738:
1718:
1717:External links
1715:
1713:
1712:
1701:
1685:
1678:
1658:Frankl, Viktor
1649:
1642:
1621:
1605:
1596:|journal=
1566:
1554:
1542:
1529:
1512:
1491:
1475:
1473:, Fall 1880 6
1460:
1447:
1438:
1416:
1407:
1398:
1384:
1363:
1350:
1341:
1322:(4): 260–272.
1305:
1296:
1283:
1262:
1249:
1236:
1223:
1210:
1197:
1184:
1175:
1162:
1155:
1137:
1073:
1060:
1041:(1): 200–220.
1025:
1010:
985:
966:
964:
961:
960:
959:
951:
946:
941:
936:
930:
929:
915:
899:
896:
778:strategy game
771:
768:
694:Main article:
691:
688:
577:Gilles Deleuze
537:Alfred Bäumler
508:
505:
487:
484:
421:anti-Darwinist
399:utilitarianism
319:neo-Lamarckian
297:published his
264:
261:
212:
209:
180:
171:
131:
130:
45:
43:
36:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2164:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2096:Herd instinct
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2013:
2007:
2004:
2002:
2001:Will to power
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1976:Perspectivism
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1901:
1895:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1772:
1767:
1765:
1760:
1758:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1710:
1705:
1698:
1694:
1693:Bronson, Fred
1689:
1681:
1679:0-671-02337-3
1675:
1671:
1666:
1665:
1659:
1653:
1645:
1643:0-06-131154-5
1639:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1615:
1609:
1601:
1588:
1580:
1577:(1912–1917).
1576:
1575:Adler, Alfred
1570:
1564:
1558:
1552:
1546:
1539:
1533:
1525:
1524:
1516:
1508:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1472:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1451:
1442:
1435:
1431:
1420:
1411:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1367:
1360:
1354:
1345:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1309:
1300:
1293:
1287:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1266:
1259:
1253:
1246:
1240:
1233:
1227:
1220:
1214:
1207:
1204:Robin Small,
1201:
1194:
1188:
1179:
1172:
1166:
1158:
1152:
1148:
1141:
1133:
1127:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1077:
1070:
1064:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1029:
1021:
1014:
1000:
996:
989:
981:
977:
971:
967:
958:
956:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
931:
927:
916:
913:
902:
895:
893:
889:
888:
882:
880:
879:
873:
871:
870:
864:
862:
861:
860:Will to Power
856:
851:
849:
848:
843:
842:
836:
834:
830:
829:Will to Power
826:
821:
819:
818:
812:
810:
809:Will to Power
806:
802:
801:
796:
791:
789:
788:
783:
782:
777:
766:
764:
763:will to power
760:
756:
750:
748:
743:
741:
738:
734:
730:
726:
725:Viktor Frankl
722:
716:
714:
708:
706:
702:
697:
686:
681:
677:
672:
669:
662:
660:
657:
653:
649:
645:
639:
637:
633:
632:
627:
623:
619:
615:
614:will to power
611:
607:
603:
602:
597:
590:
585:
581:
578:
574:
570:
569:
564:
563:
558:
552:
547:
545:
540:
538:
534:
530:
526:
521:
519:
515:
504:
502:
496:
493:
483:
481:
477:
473:
468:
464:
460:
458:
455:'s 1884 book
454:
450:
448:
444:
439:
434:
432:
431:
425:
422:
419:
415:
411:
410:William Rolph
406:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
379:
376:
372:
371:
366:
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
341:
337:
336:
331:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
307:Ernst Haeckel
304:
300:
296:
292:
290:
286:
282:
281:
276:
275:
270:
260:
258:
257:
252:
248:
244:
243:
238:
234:
229:
226:
222:
218:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
179:
175:
170:
168:
164:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
138:
137:will to power
127:
124:
116:
105:
102:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74: –
73:
69:
68:Find sources:
62:
58:
52:
51:
46:This article
44:
40:
35:
34:
29:
22:
2078:
2046:
2006:World riddle
2000:
1981:Ressentiment
1918:
1904:Concepts and
1892:(posthumous)
1733:
1727:
1723:
1704:
1696:
1688:
1663:
1652:
1633:
1624:
1617:
1608:
1587:cite journal
1569:
1562:
1557:
1550:
1545:
1537:
1532:
1526:. Routledge.
1522:
1515:
1505:
1499:
1494:
1489:(1974), 121.
1486:
1478:
1468:
1463:
1455:
1450:
1441:
1433:
1429:
1419:
1410:
1401:
1393:
1387:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1366:
1358:
1353:
1344:
1319:
1315:
1308:
1299:
1291:
1286:
1278:
1275:Macht-Willen
1274:
1270:
1265:
1257:
1252:
1244:
1239:
1231:
1226:
1218:
1213:
1205:
1200:
1192:
1187:
1178:
1170:
1165:
1146:
1140:
1126:cite journal
1109:
1086:
1082:
1076:
1068:
1063:
1038:
1034:
1028:
1019:
1013:
1003:, retrieved
998:
988:
979:
970:
957:(manuscript)
954:
885:
883:
876:
874:
867:
865:
858:
852:
846:
839:
837:
822:
815:
813:
808:
804:
803:quotes from
798:
792:
785:
779:
773:
762:
758:
754:
752:
746:
744:
737:superiority-
718:
710:
704:
701:Alfred Adler
699:
684:
679:
674:
671:nothingness.
664:
656:aristocratic
643:
640:
629:
613:
606:self-mastery
599:
592:
587:
582:
566:
560:
556:
554:
549:
541:
524:
522:
517:
513:
510:
497:
489:
479:
469:
465:
461:
456:
451:
446:
442:
441:
436:
428:
426:
418:evolutionary
413:
407:
386:
383:will to live
380:
374:
368:
364:
362:
357:
354:The Wanderer
353:
349:
344:
339:
333:
329:
327:
302:
298:
295:Wilhelm Roux
293:
284:
278:
272:
268:
266:
254:
250:
246:
240:
230:
221:will to live
214:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
182:
177:
173:
136:
134:
119:
110:
100:
93:
86:
79:
67:
55:Please help
50:verification
47:
1951:God is dead
1914:Affirmation
1561:Nietzsche,
1549:Nietzsche,
1536:Nietzsche,
1498:Nietzsche,
1454:Nietzsche,
1376:Gay Science
1290:Nietzsche,
1269:Nietzsche,
1256:Nietzsche,
1191:Nietzsche,
1067:Nietzsche,
892:Paarthurnax
890:the dragon
844:trilogy is
740:inferiority
729:logotherapy
668:communistic
476:metaphysics
453:Carl Nägeli
447:Gay Science
346:LĂ©on Dumont
330:MachtgelĂĽst
285:MachtgelĂĽst
277:(1880) and
269:MachtgelĂĽst
2142:Motivation
2116:Categories
1996:Ăśbermensch
1991:Tschandala
1906:philosophy
1436:, 135–152.
1312:Quoted in
1182:Section 13
1156:0521812305
1089:(5): 738.
1005:2022-03-26
963:References
934:Aggression
878:Smallville
855:Arch Enemy
659:domination
644:as well as
596:synecdoche
562:Ăśbermensch
323:pangenetic
83:newspapers
2132:Free will
1920:Amor fati
1874:Ecce Homo
1737:, 2012/13
1502:, §636 =
1336:144841378
1055:171148597
949:True Will
869:Baby Face
817:Stellaris
800:Far Cry 2
774:The 1999
742:dynamic.
648:political
646:outward,
501:amor fati
403:Platonist
158:Nietzsche
142:‹See Tfd›
113:July 2021
2147:Nihilism
1966:Last man
1956:Holy Lie
1695:(2003).
1660:(1959).
1470:Nachlass
1424:'Science
1382:, II:12.
1378:, §349;
898:See also
841:Xenosaga
807:and the
636:nihilism
618:violence
565:and the
535:such as
358:Daybreak
311:cellular
283:(1881).
280:Daybreak
225:universe
2015:Related
1540:, II:11
1458:, §1067
1374:, §13;
1357:Moore,
1294:, §349.
1260:, §259.
1230:Moore,
1217:Small,
1091:Bibcode
795:Ubisoft
652:elitist
472:physics
391:ascetic
97:scholar
1676:
1640:
1428:", in
1334:
1221:, 167.
1153:
1053:
827:group
626:praise
624:, and
438:power.
167:egoism
146:German
99:
92:
85:
78:
70:
1786:Works
1361:, 55.
1332:S2CID
1234:, 47.
1051:S2CID
797:game
533:Nazis
289:power
239:1865
205:Kraft
201:Macht
197:Kraft
193:Macht
189:Kraft
178:Macht
174:Kraft
104:JSTOR
90:books
1726:kein
1674:ISBN
1638:ISBN
1600:help
1151:ISBN
1132:link
713:Féré
622:love
608:and
356:and
176:vs.
135:The
76:news
1670:154
1324:doi
1099:doi
1043:doi
884:In
875:In
745:In
727:'s
514:all
474:or
412:’s
367:in
332:in
321:or
59:by
2118::
1672:.
1616:.
1591::
1589:}}
1585:{{
1485:,
1330:.
1320:24
1318:.
1128:}}
1124:{{
1097:.
1087:25
1085:.
1049:.
1039:25
1037:.
978:.
872:.
863:.
850:.
811:.
776:4x
707::
654:,
650:,
503:.
169:.
148::
1770:e
1763:t
1756:v
1682:.
1646:.
1602:)
1598:(
1509:.
1426:'
1338:.
1326::
1159:.
1134:)
1120:"
1118:'
1101::
1093::
1057:.
1045::
1022:.
385:(
301:(
245:(
139:(
126:)
120:(
115:)
111:(
101:·
94:·
87:·
80:·
53:.
30:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
