William Bonville, 1st Baron Bonville

1385:—was placed in charge of the King, whom the Yorkists had brought with them as the "nominal" head of their army (said the early-20th-century historian C. L. Scofield). They were responsible for Henry's protection during the battle. This, suggests Ross, may indicate that even at this late stage Bonville was still primarily motivated by a wish to protect the King he had served since youth. Warwick's force was rapidly isolated by the swift-moving Lancastrian army, and Warwick fled, leaving the field—and King—to the victorious Lancastrians. Bonville and Kyriell were also captured. The following day they were summoned before the Queen and Prince Edward, and it is possible that both had been promised a pardon by the King. However, in the presence of the Earl of Devon—and probably at his instigation—the two were tried for treason. The result was a foregone conclusion. Prince Edward "was jugge ys own selfe", and sentenced them to death. Both men were 250:. This had traditionally been a hereditary office of the earls of Devon, and the Earl was enraged at its loss. The dispute soon descended into violence, and Bonville and Courtenay ravaged each other's properties. The situation was exacerbated in 1442 when the Crown appointed Courtenay to effectively the same stewardship it had appointed Bonville, which inflamed the situation even more. The feud between them continued intermittently for the next decade. Generally, Henry and his government failed to intervene between the two parties; when it did, its efforts were ineffectual. On one occasion Bonville was persuaded to undertake further service in France—primarily to get Bonville out of the region—but the mission was poorly funded, a military failure, and when Bonville returned the feud reignited. In 1453, King Henry became ill and entered a 59: 1793:

after King Henry". The story presented by the (Yorkist) chroniclers was that the Prince of Wales, encouraged by Queen Margaret, personally passed Bonville's and Kyriel's death sentences. Supposedly she asked him, "Fair son, what manner of death shall these knights, whom you see here, die?", to which the Prince replied, "Let them have their heads taken off". To the Prince, Kyriel is said to have retorted, "May God destroy those who have taught thee this manner of speech!"This stage of the civil wars saw frequent post-battlefield beheadings by the victor. Two months previously, captured Yorkists (including the Earl of Salisbury) had been executed after Wakefield; earlier in February, Lancastrians were killed after the

1157:. Although Courtenay was nominally York's ally, the Earl did not see any major benefits from this relationship. (York's other allies, argues John Watts, the Nevilles, received York's assistance in their on-going feud with the Percies in Yorkshire.) Bonville experienced no lessening of his position during the protectorate; indeed, he had committed flagrant acts of piracy against foreign shipping off the south-west coast, which went unpunished. The most prominent victims of Bonville's actions were the Duke of Burgundy's merchants; Burgundy was England's ally on the continent, a position which Bonville's ships endangered. 1297: 325: 922: 5525: 5469: 5730: 5499: 5489: 5479: 503: 946:, and Suffolk's government could not afford to alienate the Earl of Devon. Conversely, Suffolk was still an attractive ally for Bonville against the Earl, as Bonville's Lincolnshire associate and later son-in-law, Tailboys, was closely linked with Suffolk. Suffolk's policy was one of trying to keep both Bonville and Courtenay happy. Bonville's newly-acquired political proximity to Suffolk brought benefits. In 1444 Bonville joined the duke's retinue to France, where Bonville played a central role in the 798:; Courtenay's wealth was already reduced by his mother's dower, and so granting Bonville the stewardship was not only a blow to the regional hegemony the Courtenays traditionally enjoyed but reduced the earl's income further. The stewardship was a significant source of patronage to whoever held it in its own right. During the Earl's minority, Courtenay influence in Devon waned and shifted towards the county's upper gentry ("among whom Bonville was pre-eminent", argues Cherry). The historian 616: 6048: 1018:, son of the Thomas Brooke whom Bonville had feuded with over a decade previously. Courtenay's alliance with York was not as strong as the Earl believed, and when York arrived in Devon to restore order, he promptly cast both Bonville and Courtenay, with many of their retainers, into prison for a month. Bonville was forced to put Taunton Castle into the duke's custody. This particular phase of the feud was suspended by the holding of a 1266:, to the east of Exeter. "Moche people wer sleyn": Although the engagement appears to have been somewhat inconclusive, if anyone lost, it was Bonville, who managed to escape alive, although, suggests Hicks, dishonoured, as he had been the challenger. Two days later, Courtenay attacked Bonville's Shute residence, pillaging it thoroughly and carrying away much booty. Courtenay continued his campaign against Bonville for two months. 5536: 813: 5509: 207:. Bonville's father died before Bonville reached adulthood. As a result, he grew up in the household of his grandfather and namesake, who was a prominent member of the Devon gentry. Both Bonville's father and grandfather had been successful in politics and land acquisition, and when Bonville came of age, he gained control of a large estate. He augmented this further by a series of lawsuits against his stepfather, 860:. This, Cherry says, was "a post so similar to that held by Bonville as to be hardly distinguishable from it," and disrupted an already fragile balance of power in the region. Violence between Bonville and Courtenay broke out soon after and "divers and many men hurte". In November 1442 both men were summoned before the King's Council to explain themselves. Bonville attended in person and was 510: 1129: 1207:. The plan failed, but Bonville was prevented from carrying out his duty as a collector of a royal loan. Although in the following June both Bonville and Courtenay were instructed by the King to keep the peace—and each bound over for £4,000 to do so—they appear to have continued their war of attrition. Such was the "anarchic state of affairs" in Devon following St Albans that the 593:. On reaching his legal majority, Bonville sued his stepfather for his maternal inheritance. This struggle took over six years, but he succeeded in establishing his rights to the estates by 1422. Bonville's grandmother survived until 1426; by then Bonville had also inherited substantial estates from other relatives, including a cousin and an aunt. These brought him the manors of 1179:

they controlled the government. Although clearly unwilling to turn against his King at this point, Bonville did attend the Yorkist parliament of September 1455, where he voted in favour of the Duke of York's appointment as protector. Bonville was appointed to the parliamentary committee set up to improve naval defence. He also used his local influence to ensure that the vacant

1377:, had been left in charge of the King in London. Bonville, who had been in the south-west raising an army, returned to London. Warwick, Bonville and other lords left the capital on 12 February 1461 with an army to intercept the Queen's force before the latter could reach the city gates. They encountered each other at the 1049:, south-east of London. Courtenay stood alongside him. Somerset and much of the rest of the nobility faced York and Courtenay down: they surrendered without a fight. Bonville had raised a body of men to join the King's army, and subsequently profited from Courtenay's disfavour with the King. The historian 958:

of 10 March the following year Bonville was elevated to the peerage. This was both in recognition of his successes in France—it had been a "turbulent period" in Gascony—but also a reflection of the esteem Suffolk held him in. As Baron Bonville of Chewton; he was summoned to every parliament until the

1715:

as "exceptionally violent and unscrupulous even for that age". Tailboys was involved in a long-running and increasingly violent feud with Lord Cromwell throughout the 1440s and 1450s, and, Virgoe suggests, probably found Bonville and the latter's connections at court of particular assistance against

1178:

was used as a messenger by the King's councillors. He did not join the royal army, however. Michael Hicks has suggested that both Bonville and Courtenay were more interested in prosecuting their own feud than the national one. King Henry had been captured by the Yorkists after the battle: once again

1141:

correspondent reported, was only after he had "maken all the puissance they can and may to come hider with theym". It was rumoured that Bonville was planning to join up with other lords—those of Beaumont, Poynings, Clifford and Egremont—and march on London itself, although in the event this did not

802:

has argued that the minority created a power vacuum in the county which the regional gentry, such as Bonville, had helped fill. This enabled them to find new areas of profit in the absence of traditional Courtenay patronage. Bonville's (and other local gentry's) pre-eminence in Devon was found to be

1136:

In August 1453, King Henry suffered a period of illness and mental collapse during which he was unable to respond to people or stimulus. He was, therefore, unable to carry out his royal duties. The Lancastrian regime, already weakened by factionalism, was paralysed, and the national political scene

1792:

Recent scholarship has cast an element of doubt on this story, as it would dovetail neatly into the Yorkist narrative as propaganda. As has been said, "both Bonville and Kyriel were experienced military commanders, and it is unlikely that their role in the battle would have been limited to looking

1225:

Devon had committed such offences, so Bonville said, falsely, cowardly and traitourously, in breach of his faith as a knight, his prowess and honour, his allegiance, the common good, and the standards "that should pertain to thy estate" as an earl. So damaging were these charges to the Earl's good

1165:

In early 1455 King Henry made a sudden recovery. York and Salisbury were removed from their positions in government and retired to their estates. National politics, already heavily partisan, was tense. The King summoned a great council to be held in Leicester in May. Several chroniclers of the day

896:

to provide 20 men-at-arms and 600 archers as an advance-guard to a larger expeditionary force. King Henry presented him with a personal gift of £100 towards his campaign expenses. Yet it is almost certain that their fleet did not leave Plymouth for many more months. Griffiths has suggested that by

545:

says this was "a figure not far short of that enjoyed by the fifteenth-century earls of Devon themselves". His lands—comprising 18 manors—were situated all over England, although concentrated in Devon, particularly around Shute in the south-east of the county, and Somerset. These lands encompassed

1769:

The following day, 23 November 1455, Courtenay replied in much the same spirit, informing Bonville that, for Courtenay, "all frendly greting stonde for nougt". The Earl then informs Bonville that he would refute Bonville's slurs "upon thy fals body prove at time and place by me appoynted". Martin

1738:

was also King of England, the lieutenant ruled directly on the King's behalf. It was a royal appointment, usually to a close relative of the King, although it was a sporadic one, being mostly filled during periods of war or civil disturbance. It was not a particularly profitable office, notes the

1211:

judicial sessions that were due to be held in Exeter had to be cancelled. Courtenay went on to terrorise the county with his army and ransacked Bonville's houses. This culminated on 23 October 1455 with what has been described as the "most notorious private crime of the century", when Courtenay's

1671:

has described this "double grant" as the "most famous instance" of what she has termed the "deskilling" of governmental administrative departments in the early years of Henry VI's personal rule, which resulted in, as Bonville and Courtenay discovered, not only a "lack of control over grants, but

1467:

George Neville, later called Bonville a "strenuous cavalier", and the 1461 attainder of ex-King Henry referred to Bonville's "prowesse of knyghthode". In recognition of the contribution that Bonville and his family had made to the House of York, Edward granted Bonville's widow Elizabeth a large

851:

The grant of the stewardship has been described by Carpenter as "the immediate catalyst for the Courtenay–Bonville feud, which had been threatening for some time". It was one of many internecine and familial feuds within the English noble families in the second half of Henry VI's reign. It was

1053:

suggests that Bonville was given "a free hand" in the region as a result of York's and Devon's eclipse and according to Cherry, this allowed Bonville to become the predominant figure in county politics. He was commissioned to oversee the arrest and prosecution of the Earl of Devon's men after

344:

and Devon on multiple occasions and has been described by a historian as one of "the most prominent west-country gentry in the late fourteenth century". On hearing of the birth of his grandson, a contemporary reports, Sir William "raised his hands to heaven and praised God". Along with the

1312:

Courtenay, by his actions at St Albans, had earned the support of Henry's powerful Queen, Margaret, who was by now implacably opposed to the Yorkist party. His son Thomas, who inherited the earldom, married the Queen's cousin, Marie de Maine, and in 1458 Bonville's grandson married

1269:

Neither party had sufficient military or political weight to crush their opponent, and, "nasty as they were, there was little danger of the fights spreading geographically". Outside the region, the national political situation had become increasingly fraught with tension, and the

1262:, which Bonville had already twice attempted unsuccessfully to lift. Courtenay had no choice but to take up Bonville's challenge, which openly informed the Earl that "all due salutacions of friendlihode laide aparte". On 15 December the two sides met in battle near 933:

Bonville was absent from England for slightly over two years and returned in April 1445. During his absence, Courtenay had become increasingly powerful in Devon. The King, though, was revealing himself to be a weak-willed monarch, unwilling—or unable—to impose the

867:

Bonville antagonised Courtenay by going out of his way to recruit men to his retinue who had traditionally been retained by the Earl. An arbitration took place; or, at least, a decision was imposed upon them, even if an "unworkable" one, according to the historian

257:

Bonville generally seems to have remained loyal to the king, although his guiding motivation was to support whoever would aid him in his struggle against Courtenay. Their feud was part of a broader breakdown in law and order which eventually evolved into the

1406:

when he died. His estates and wealth were effectively divided three ways: between his widow; his brother; and his illegitimate son. As both Bonville's legitimate sons had predeceased him, his estates and titles passed to his one-year-old great-granddaughter

982:

to the continent. Roskell notes that, although Bonville is known to have attended this parliament, it remains unknown what position he took—if he took any—on Suffolk's impeachment. One of the most powerful critics of Suffolk's government had been

689:

On his return to England, much of Bonville's time was occupied with the administration of his estates. Extensive as they were, there was occasional friction—some of it violent—with his neighbours. In 1427 he was engaged in a bitter feud with

1617:

Feuds between baronial and noble families had become particularly common in fifteenth-century England. Apart from that of Bonville's and Courtenay's in the southwest, another dispute that descended into armed feuding took place between the

6042:

Briefly joined the Lancastrians. Briefly joined the Yorkists. Defected from the Yorkist to the Lancastrian cause. Initially a Yorkist who later supported the Tudor claim. Initially a Lancastrian who later supported the Tudor claim.

1202:

every day as long as he abideth with theym". Bonville's dominance in the south-west forced the Earl of Devon to respond drastically, and at the end of April 1454 Devon brought an armed force of hundreds of men into Exeter in a planned

1258:, albeit for both men to be accompanied by their retainers. He may also have been attempting to draw the Earl out of the city of Exeter, which Courtenay had been occupying for over a fortnight, or to distract him from his siege of 1329:

has described Bonville during this period as "a veteran servant of the House of Lancaster, who had been promoted to his peerage by King Henry VI clung to the court he had always served". He swore to uphold the rights of young

754:

made an official complaint to the English government about the treatment meted out to Burgundian shipping in the area. In 1440 Bonville, with Sir Philip Courtenay—a close friend of Bonville's—commanded a small fleet of thirty

1241:

Radford's murder marked the beginning of a brief campaign—a "range war"—between the two sides, even more violent than had gone before; which, says Griffiths, turned the region "periodically into a private jousting-field".

1198:(also at this time very close to the court) were recruiting heavily. They caused a proclamation "to be cryed at Taunton in Somersetshire that every man that is likely and wole go with theym and serve theym shalle have 872:. Bonville was by now fifty years old and had not been abroad for nearly 20 years, but in 1443 the council—probably hoping another stint in France would "divert his ample energies from the West Country"—appointed him 1522:

The legal concept of dower had existed since the late twelfth century as a means of protecting a woman from being left landless if her husband died first. He would, when they married, assign certain estates to her—a

1166:

suggest that Somerset was poisoning the King's mind against York. He and the Nevilles may have feared imminent arrest. In any case, they reacted swiftly and with violence. They ambushed the King's small army at the

1393:

has described as the "general condemnation" of contemporaries. Bonville's death extinguished the male line of the Bonville family of Chute, and, says Pollard, settled the Bonville-Courtenay "blood feud" for good.

706:

of Bonville's godfather, the Abbot of Newenham, who found against Brooke, who had to pay all Bonville's legal costs and reverse his enclosure. By now, Bonville was also a royal official, having been appointed

1357:' estates there. York and the Earl of Salisbury, with their smaller army, marched north the following month; Bonville remained in London. Bonville's son William marched with York, and died with him at the 1626:

in Yorkshire; this was of such violence and breadth that it directly influenced national politics. Less impactful nationally yet still regionally destructive were the feuds between the Harrington and

1349:. This act effectively granted York the throne on Henry's death, and thus disinherited the Prince of Wales. Margaret and her nobles withdrew to the north, where they gathered an army and began to 763:. They saw little action; the occasional encounters with the enemy did not necessarily go in their favour, as on one occasion rival Portuguese merchants captured two ships from Bonville's fleet. 1345:

in June 1460. Here the victorious Yorkists again captured King Henry, and Bonville was put in charge of his safe-keeping. Bonville attended the parliament of November that year which passed the

585:

to their children. On her death in April 1414 Stucley thereby gained Devon lands worth around £105 per annum as well as Wiltshire manors of the Bonville estate, including the valuable manor of

4617:

Kleineke, H. (2015). "Some Observations on the Household and Circle of Humphrey Stafford, Lord Stafford of Southwick and Earl of Devon: The Last Will of Roger Bekensawe". In Clark, L. (ed.).

388:. Bonville had a younger brother, Thomas, who, by the time William came of age, had already married a cousin of Robert, Baron Poynings. This connection to the Poynings family, the historian 1779:

Further illustrating the favour Courtenay was in with the Queen, suggests Griffiths, was the fact that the wedding gowns for his son's marriage to Marie were paid for out of the King's own

897:

now, "the time had passed when a modest-sized army like Bonville's would do". Its size had been limited by the fact that the vast majority of the men raised by the Crown were despatched to

836: 262:

in 1455. Bonville seems to have managed to avoid implication in the variable swings in political fortune which followed until 1460. At this point, he threw in his lot with the rebellious

321:, who had previously described the family as "a powerful and respected element in Devon...there was no need for them to stand in dread of the great, for they were not small themselves". 1743:, and indeed was "as likely to be a source of loss as gain" for the appointee, and the King was regularly forced to provide financial inducements to those he wished to take up the post. 1250:, "on both sides houses were pllaged, cattle driven off, and plenty of plunder taken". Determined to "bring Devon out into the open on as equal terms as possible", says the historian 6139: 364:

Bonville's father died when his son was four, and young William probably grew up in his grandfather's household. Grandfather Bonville died in 1408, while Bonville was still legally a

231:. Throughout his life, Bonville was despatched on further operations in France, but increasingly events in the south-west of England took up more of his time and energy, as he became 1831:

has identified only three other noble families whose ultimate extinction in the main line was directly attributable to the Wars of the Roses: those of Welles, Hungerford and Talbot.

4218: 6119: 1246:, the Bishop of Exeter, complained that his tenants "dared not occupy the land". Bonville retaliated against Courtenay by looting the Earl's Colcombe manor; says the historian 1041:

The Earl of Devon's continuing alliance with York brought Courtenay further problems in 1452. By then, York felt excluded from the government as the King had a new favourite,

803:

almost unassailable by the Earl, who wished to regain the regional authority that his ancestors had held. This friction between Bonville and Courtenay soon turned violent.

1437: 5066: 5016: 991:. Courtenay saw his newly-reinforced position as sufficiently secure to allow him to reignite the feud with Bonville, who in Taunton was recruiting men to his banner at 691: 1604:

Courtenay had been born in 1414, had come of age in 1425, but his mother, Anne Talbot, survived until 1441. During this time she controlled, through both her dower and

1801:; Bonville and Kyriel two weeks later at St Albans; and two months later, in April 1461, the Earl of Devon ("who was sick in York and could not get away", commented 1064:

of Shute. Bonville received further offices and responsibilities. He was confirmed as steward of the Duchy of Cornwall, reappointed seneschal of Gascony and also made

856:

described the grant as causing "grete trouble". Courtenay—in what Griffiths describes as "imprudent treatment" by the crown—was granted the office of steward of the

1278:. The Earl was subsequently imprisoned, although only for a short period, and died in 1458 with neither the feud resolved or Bonville beaten. Bonville was made a 1428:

by Bonville's grandfather, and these lands descended to his younger brother, Thomas, and then Thomas' son. Much of Bonville's retinue entered the employment of

5041: 1651: 1608:, approximately two-thirds of the Courtenay inheritance. Furthermore, she had set up a council to manage the estate. This, says Archer, severely mismanaged it. 1304:

on easternmost of north aisle piers in St Clement's Church, Powderham, showing the arms of Courtenay of Powderham impaling Bonville. These are the arms of Sir

353:

to the young William. The younger William was heir to both his father and grandfather; the latter—who had married twice—had substantially expanded the family

826:

merchant, addressed to the King, seeking restoration of the merchant's ship and the goods it contained, captured at sea by Bonville and being held by him in

1325:

suggest that throughout this period Bonville managed to conceal any sympathy for the Duke of York and remained "outwardly loyal to Henry VI". The historian

313:

comments, on the family's social position, that they were of sufficiently "landed and official status to be regarded as what might be termed 'super-knights'

4092: 336:, to John Bonville (d. 1396) and Elizabeth Fitzroger (c. 1370–c. 1414). William Bonville's grandfather was his namesake Sir William Bonville, who had been 678:. The war in France continued in spite of Henry VI's youth, and Bonville returned in 1423 in Gloucester's army. Bonville fought in the campaign to regain 1112:, "exalted in the west country". Bonville never took up his seneschalcy as what remained of England's territorial possessions in France were lost at the 1818:, where Lord Bonville's cousin John Bonville resided and made a family. This John was the grandson of William, Lord Bonville's paternal uncle, Thomas. 1561:

notes that the numbers known to have begun the campaign had been reduced by early losses, sickness and those otherwise invalided to England after the

5753: 877: 799: 658:

to the English throne—because the Duke had borrowed money from Bonville. Bonville had returned to England before May, when he attended parliament at

6099: 1390: 1109: 842:

Detail of petition SC 8/269/13408 held at The National Archives (United Kingdom), highlighting "Gilliam Boneville" in a contemporary scribal hand.

6114: 1532: 542: 569:

Owing to the deaths of their husbands in 1396 and 1408, respectively, Bonville's mother and grandmother each held a third of his inheritance in

1712: 1699: 4226: 3837:

Archer, R. E. (1995). "Parliamentary Restoration: John Mowbray and the Dukedom of Norfolk in 1425". In Archer, R. E. & Walker, S. (eds.).

328:

Very little of the original medieval manor house remains of Bonville's birthplace; the section shown here is from the late fourteenth century.

3932:

The General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales: Comprising a Registry of Armorial Bearings from the Earliest to the Present Time

719:

for Devon from July 1431, for Somerset from March 1435, and for Cornwall from November 1438. Other commissions included local inquiries into

6129: 4746: 4721: 4579:

Kenny, G. (2003). "The Power of Dower: The Importance of Dower in the Lives of Medieval Women in Ireland". In Meek, C.; Lawless, C. (eds.).

294:

families of late-fourteenth-century Devon, often working in close co-operation with their neighbours. The most important of these were the

1254:, and believing himself to have the "backing of God, the law, and the commonweal", on 22 November 1455 Bonville challenged Courtenay to a 5404: 795: 477: 457: 306: 412:

to Bonville on the wedding day, and Bonville likewise contracted to settle estates to the value of 100 pounds on himself and his wife,

4225:. Universities of Keele, Liverpool, Oxford, Southampton, King's College London, and the Université Michel de Montaigne. Archived from 5649: 5058: 1770:

Cherry has noted how their antagonistic greetings "neatly parodied" the usual form of greetings that contemporary letters began with.

750:, being described as a "King's knight". He was zealous in combating piracy off the Cornish coast, to such an extent that in 1454 the 5008: 6134: 6124: 4086: 1698:, overseeing security and general provisioning for the region. It was his political knowledge and experience, says the medievalist 1213: 901:, which was considered more important. At least one ship and men (possibly amounting to a third of his army) and materiel was lost 5634: 5629: 1408: 943: 732: 405: 75: 6089: 5778: 5748: 5644: 5554: 5439: 1331: 1318: 819: 473: 421: 236: 4035:

Cherry, M. (1979). "The Courtenay Earls of Devon: The Formation and Disintegration of a Late Medieval Aristocratic Affinity".

715:

in the county before 1430. From then on he was regularly occupied with his duties as a royal official in the region: he was a

5669: 5619: 5614: 5559: 5372: 5353: 5317: 5298: 5279: 5243: 5224: 5201: 5165: 5146: 5110: 5091: 4997: 4961: 4942: 4923: 4904: 4847: 4828: 4809: 4790: 4771: 4702: 4683: 4664: 4645: 4626: 4607: 4588: 4569: 4550: 4531: 4512: 4493: 4474: 4455: 4436: 4417: 4369: 4327: 4308: 4289: 4270: 4251: 4207: 4188: 4169: 4150: 4074: 4025: 4002: 3983: 3956: 3920: 3884: 3865: 3846: 3827: 1639: 1374: 1042: 216: 5808: 5803: 5758: 5574: 5569: 1429: 1314: 1174:. Courtenay fought for the King and was wounded. Bonville may also have been sympathetic to the royal cause, as one of his 416:. Grey also paid another 200 marks in instalments over the following four years. With Margaret he had four known children: 5033: 1402:

Bonville's household was almost immediately dissolved, although some of his staff remained with his widow. He had left no

5863: 5768: 5684: 5674: 1631: 1417: 1216:—and a small force of men attacked and brutally murdered one of Bonville's close councillors, the prominent local lawyer 453: 275: 1459:, and Edward claimed the throne as King Edward IV. Following the battle, the Earl of Devon was captured and beheaded at 5694: 5599: 5177:

Bourgogne et Angleterre: Relations Politiques et Économiques Entre les Pays-Bas Bourguignons et l'Angleterre, 1435–1467

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on 29 March 1461. The Lancastrian army was destroyed: Queen Margaret escaped to Scotland, Henry went on the run in the

1031: 4320:

Henry of Lancaster's Expedition to Aquitaine, 1345–1346: Military Service and Professionalism in the Hundred Years War

1681:

The Seneschal of Gascony, with four sub-seneschals, headed the military, judicial and administrative framework of the

1341:

Within a few months, say Roskell and Woodger, Bonville "revealed his true colours" and fought for the Yorkists at the

5818: 5773: 5659: 5654: 5604: 5594: 5255:

English Gascony, 1399-1453: A Study of War, Government and Politics During the Later Stages of the Hundred Years' War

4126:

The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom: Extant, Extinct, or Dormant

971: 191: 28: 5763: 5743: 5584: 1220:. Carpenter comments: "there were other enormities, principally directed against Lord Bonville. Nothing was done". 1195: 889: 17: 852:

further exacerbated, in 1440, by what the Griffiths calls "a serious blunder" by the crown—a contemporary council

6104: 6029: 5589: 5397: 1668: 1015: 381: 310: 4299:

Grant, A. (2014). "Murder Will Out: Kingship, Kinship and Killing in Medieval Scotland". In Boardman, S. (ed.).

6109: 5989: 5689: 830:. It was escapades such as this that led to the Duke of Burgundy's intervention on behalf of his own merchants. 523: 58: 4973:

The Commons in the Parliament of 1422: English Society and Parliamentary Representation Under the Lancastrians

5963: 5883: 5788: 5714: 5579: 4065:

Cherry, M. (1981b). "The Struggle for Power in Mid-Fifteenth Century Devonshire". In Griffiths, R. A. (ed.).

1794: 1054:

Blackheath, and the following year King Henry demonstrated the esteem Bonville stood in when, during Henry's

740: 1535:

argues that this made it "one of the most destructive of baronial incidents" on account of how a long-lived

1045:. In February that year York rebelled and marched on London with a large force. He faced the King's army at 452:

After Margaret died, sometime between April 1426 and October 1427, he married Elizabeth Courtenay, widow of

5868: 5793: 5234:

Vale, J. (1995). Kekewich, M. L.; Richmond, C.; Sutton, A. F.; Visser-Fuchs, L. & Watts, J. L. (eds.).

1342: 995:

a day. To this end he launched a series of raids onto Bonville properties, which culminated in Courtenay's

671: 5272:

East Anglian Society and the Political Community of Late Medieval England: Selected Papers of Roger Virgoe

502: 6004: 5923: 5664: 5609: 5564: 4379:

Griffiths, R. A. (1984). "The King's Council and the First Protectorate of the Duke of York, 1450–1454".

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Archer, R. E. (1984). "Rich Old Ladies: The Problem of Late Medieval Dowagers". In Pollard, A. J. (ed.).

1271: 1184: 772: 464:

to marry because Elizabeth was already a godmother to one of Bonville's daughters and in the eyes of the

232: 1805:). Over 40 other knights and nobles were beheaded by the victorious Yorkists after the Battle of Towton. 6051: 5888: 5783: 5624: 5390: 4738: 4713: 1378: 987:, and the Earl of Devon soon allied himself with the duke as a means of furthering his position in the 271: 107: 746:

In 1437 King Henry VI's minority ended, and he began his personal rule. Bonville was appointed to the

654:. Roskell suggests that Bonville must have been greatly trusted by Clarence—at the time of his death, 6084: 5953: 5858: 5838: 5639: 1251: 1167: 984: 5270:

Virgoe, R. (1997). "William Tailboys and Lord Cromwell: Crime and politics in Lancastrian England".

6094: 6014: 5958: 5928: 5456: 1752:

In other words, it was rumoured that Bonville ordered the gathering of the largest force of men (a

1326: 636: 220: 211:. Bonville undertook royal service, which then meant fighting in France in the later years of the 5908: 5798: 5057:

Roskell, J.S. & Woodger, L. S. (1993). J. S. Roskell; L. Clark & C. R. Rawcliffe (eds.).

3993:

Carpenter, C. (2010). "Henry VI and the Deskilling of the Royal Bureaucracy". In Clark L. (ed.).

1802: 1557:

It is unknown, however, whether Bonville fought in the Battle of Agincourt itself. The historian

1436:. Bonville's and Courtenay's deaths prolonged the power vacuum in Devon, and, says the historian 1065: 1035: 992: 127: 1488: 619:

The main gate, in 2017, of Bonville's castle at Taunton, which was besieged by the Earl of Devon

6009: 5948: 5933: 5853: 5704: 5494: 1694:

The governor worked alongside Guyenne's seneschal and was responsible for assembling the ducal

1120:

to investigate sympathy for York's rebellion in the area, and the King made him a gift of £50.

869: 4800:

Orme, N. (1999). "Representation and Rebellion in the Later Middle Ages". In Jones, H. (ed.).

4598:

Kleineke, H. (2007). ""þe Kynges Citie":Exeter in the Wars of the Roses". In Clark, L. (ed.).

5968: 5893: 5848: 5524: 5468: 5424: 4914:

Rogers, C. J. (2008). "The Battle of Agincourt". In Villalon, L. J. A.; Kagay, D. J. (eds.).

1780: 1760:) to Westminster with him; from a letter of 19 January 1454 from John Studley to John Paston. 1301: 1291: 1137:

became increasingly tense. Bonville attended a council at Westminster in early 1454. This, a

1019: 667: 624: 603: 465: 263: 212: 4621:. The Fifteenth Century. Vol. XIV. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 117–130. 4602:. The Fifteenth Century. Vol. VII. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 137–156. 929:, as shown in 2010; Bonville attempted to lift Courtenay's siege here on multiple occasions. 607:, "without doubt Bonville ranked among the very wealthiest landowners of the West Country". 487:

With Elizabeth he had no known children, but with Isabel Kirkby he had an illegitimate son:

6079: 6074: 5999: 5943: 5504: 4339: 1448: 1335: 1279: 913:). His campaign achieved little, and Bonville himself was seriously injured in a skirmish. 873: 716: 541:

in 1414 he inherited an income of approximately £900 per annum; for context, the historian

385: 337: 4301:

Kings, Lords and Men in Scotland and Britain, 1300-1625: Essays in Honour of Jenny Wormald

1030:

in 1451. This was an important enough political event for it to warrant the attendance of

892:—a "reliable and experienced" soldier—Bonville sailed in March the following year. He had 884:

since the previous November. The council intended that Courtenay should also help relieve

537:

Bonville's father and grandfather had both had successful careers. As such, when Bonville

8: 5878: 5549: 5464: 1588: 1487:

There is conflicting evidence regarding Philippa's relationship to William Bonville. See

1358: 1113: 663: 628: 590: 492: 369: 302: 267: 266:. His new allegiance brought him little profit; his son was killed alongside York at the 243: 228: 4337:

Griffiths, R. A. (1965). "Gruffydd ap Nicholas and the Fall of the House of Lancaster".

4263:

The English Nobility in the Late Middle Ages: The Fourteenth-Century Political Community

3997:. The Fifteenth Century. Vol. IX. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 1–37. 1531:

of. By the fifteenth century, the widow was deemed entitled to her dower; the historian

938:

in the south-west, or, for that matter, elsewhere. Henry was under the influence of his

5729: 5519: 5498: 5488: 5478: 5429: 5213: 1558: 1464: 1403: 1382: 1362: 1171: 1046: 481: 461: 435: 358: 295: 224: 200: 4676:

The Nobility of Later Medieval England: The Ford Lectures for 1953 and Related Studies

1575: 651: 254:

for eighteen months, heightening the political factionalism that had riven his reign.

5918: 5903: 5873: 5544: 5413: 5368: 5349: 5332: 5313: 5294: 5291:

The Livery Collar in Late Medieval England and Wales: Politics, Identity and Affinity

5275: 5258: 5239: 5220: 5197: 5180: 5161: 5142: 5125: 5106: 5087: 4993: 4976: 4957: 4938: 4919: 4900: 4883: 4862: 4843: 4824: 4805: 4786: 4767: 4698: 4679: 4660: 4641: 4622: 4603: 4584: 4565: 4546: 4527: 4508: 4489: 4470: 4451: 4432: 4413: 4396: 4365: 4348: 4323: 4304: 4285: 4266: 4247: 4203: 4184: 4165: 4146: 4129: 4070: 4044: 4021: 3998: 3979: 3962: 3952: 3935: 3916: 3899: 3880: 3861: 3842: 3823: 1735: 1562: 1305: 1275: 1117: 1081: 1007: 951: 921: 898: 857: 747: 441:

Elizabeth Bonville,who by November 1446 married an important Midlands landowner, Sir

259: 247: 5103:

The Foremost Man of the Kingdom: John de Vere, Thirteenth Earl of Oxford (1442–1513)

4467:

Valois Guyenne: A Study of Politics, Government, and Society in Late Medieval France

702:

and obstructing roads that Bonville's tenants needed to use. The matter went to the

449:

These marriages further enhanced Bonville's aristocratic and political connections.

5938: 5913: 5898: 5813: 4388: 4141:

Collins, H. (1996). "The Order of the Garter, 1348–1461". In Dunn, D. E. S. (ed.).

4097: 1682: 1623: 1456: 1452: 1259: 1217: 1180: 1116:

in July 1453. King Henry—now in Exeter—appointed Bonville to a large commission of

926: 783: 712: 708: 659: 655: 594: 442: 428: 204: 4783:

Upon My Husband's Death: Widows in the Literature and Histories of Medieval Europe

4116: 5679: 1828: 1655: 1510: 1247: 1208: 1154: 1101: 1027: 970:

Bonville's association with Suffolk was not to last. In early 1450, the duke was

964: 791: 760: 751: 582: 574: 538: 420:

William Bonville, who around 1443 married Elizabeth Harington, only daughter of

409: 377: 324: 318: 251: 208: 196: 88: 4392: 4145:. The Fifteenth Century Series. Vol. IV. Stroud: Sutton. pp. 155–180. 1734:

The office of lieutenant of Aquitaine went back to at least 1278, and since the

1142:

occur. Everyone, including Bonville, was preparing for war on a national scale.

1076:

as being "an excellent choice for lieutenant" and received the constableship of

694:, whom Bonville—described as a "thrusting and able man"—accused of unilaterally 581:

landowner. In 1410 she granted Stucley a life-interest in her inheritance, with

6024: 6019: 5994: 5843: 5530: 4505:

Richard III and His Rivals: Magnates and Their Motives in the Wars of the Roses

4101: 1740: 1647: 1627: 1619: 1296: 1150: 1146: 1138: 1085: 1059: 1055: 1000: 586: 551: 346: 50: 4764:

The Medieval Gentry: Power, Leadership and Choice during the Wars of the Roses

3939: 491:

John Bonville (died 1491), who married Alice Dennis. His father granted him a

6068: 5984: 5724: 5336: 5262: 5184: 4980: 4887: 4866: 4400: 4352: 4133: 3976:

The Wars of the Roses: Politics and the Constitution in England, c. 1437–1509

3966: 3903: 3839:

Rulers and Ruled in Late Medieval England: Essays Presented to Gerald Harriss

1635: 1354: 1346: 1263: 1077: 1050: 823: 555: 469: 401: 389: 298: 1725:

Translated to English, Worcester described it as "the greatest disturbance".

1440:, "a dominant source of authority in the area remained elusive thereafter". 1338:, and in early 1460 he was commissioned to raise an army in the south-west. 1153:

of the realm during the King's incapacitation, and York appointed Salisbury

1128: 5738: 5699: 5129: 4859:

Essays on Medieval Agriculture and General Problems of the Medieval Economy

4048: 1643: 1243: 1188: 1071: 988: 967:

was attacked by "insurgents against the peace of the Church and the King".

835: 598: 333: 279: 92: 3858:

The King's Towns: Identity and Survival in Late Medieval English Boroughs

1093: 1089: 935: 906: 876:. He was not the government's only option for the post: his own retainer 703: 683: 472:. Since Elizabeth was already well connected, being the sister-in-law of 365: 354: 3135: 546:

his grandfather's patrimony, with manors in Devon, Somerset, Dorset and

5709: 5535: 5508: 5434: 4282:

The Wars of the Roses: Military Activity and English Society, 1452–1497

1815: 1798: 1175: 794:

yearly. This immediately made him an enemy of the young Earl of Devon,

720: 527:

The location of Shute, Bonville's birthplace, within Devon and England.

373: 4362:

The Reign of King Henry VI: The Exercise of Royal Authority, 1422–1461

662:. Henry V died in France in August 1422 leaving his six-month-old son 5474: 3647: 3645: 2256: 2254: 2252: 1444: 1433: 1425: 1097: 1004: 947: 939: 910: 893: 885: 861: 728: 724: 695: 679: 547: 350: 5382: 4918:. History of warfare. Vol. 52. Leiden: Brill. pp. 37–132. 2040: 2038: 615: 332:

William Bonville was born on either 12 or 31 August 1392 or 1393 in

5484: 5034:"Styuecle, Richard (d. 1440/1), of Merston and Chewton Mendip, Som" 4842:. British History in Perspective (II ed.). London: Macmillan. 4503:

Hicks, M. A. (1991). "Idealism in Late Medieval English Politics".

4160:

Fleming, P. (2005). "Politics". In Radulescu R. Truelove A. (ed.).

1605: 1412: 1308:(d. 1485), husband of Margaret, daughter of William, Lord Bonville. 1105: 787: 736: 647: 643:, sometime before his seventeenth birthday, Bonville was knighted. 640: 413: 341: 114: 3642: 3567: 2249: 1642:

in the Midlands, and, resulting in a battlefield confrontation at

1236: 4244:

The Wars of the Roses: Peace and Conflict in 15th-Century England

2035: 1536: 1350: 996: 905:. Bonville focussed on assaulting the harbour, fleet and town of 881: 853: 812: 699: 675: 632: 4067:

Patronage, the Crown and the Provinces in Later Medieval England

1160: 3820:

Property and Politics: Essays in Later Medieval English History

3528: 3242: 1592: 1574:

Clarence had predeceased King Henry, having been killed at the

1528: 1421: 1386: 1361:, where the Yorkist army went down to a crushing defeat by the 1204: 756: 563: 291: 5331:. Vol. II: Biographies. London: H. M. Stationery Office. 2765: 2753: 2491: 2489: 1389:

the same day; the executions were met with what the historian

1003:

with a force of over 5,000 men—a crisis that the contemporary

864:. Courtenay, says Griffiths, "disdainfully made his excuses". 4600:

Conflicts, Consequences and the Crown in the Late Middle Ages

4581:

Studies on Medieval and Early Modern Women: Pawns Or Players?

3620: 3618: 2676: 1953: 1951: 1949: 1947: 1945: 1943: 1941: 1939: 1937: 1935: 1933: 1931: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1923: 1921: 1919: 1917: 1915: 1913: 1911: 1909: 1907: 1905: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1897: 1895: 1893: 1891: 1889: 1887: 1885: 1883: 1881: 1879: 975: 963:. In 1446 Bonville suppressed a revolt in Somerset, in which 827: 578: 570: 3759: 3368: 3366: 3338: 3336: 2366: 1877: 1875: 1873: 1871: 1869: 1867: 1865: 1863: 1861: 1859: 1814:

Other cadet branches of the family remained; for example at

1373:

The Lancastrians proceeded to march south; Salisbury's son,

495:

in 1453, and at death bequeathed him "substantial" property.

392:

has suggested, was instrumental in Bonville's own marriage.

5236:

The Politics of Fifteenth-Century England: John Vale's Book

4469:. Studies in History 71. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. 4303:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 193–226. 4164:. Manchester: Manchester University Press. pp. 50–62. 4018:

The Fifteenth-century Inquisitions Post Mortem: A Companion

3696: 3603: 2786: 2784: 2782: 2780: 2707: 2705: 2703: 2555: 2553: 2551: 2549: 2547: 2545: 2486: 2440: 2438: 2278: 2090: 2088: 2086: 2084: 1756:) that he could, and that having done so, he brought them ( 1460: 1274:

soon became just one battlefield in the broader one of the

1255: 955: 559: 5367:. Yale English Monarchs. Berkeley: Yale University Press. 5059:"Bonville, Sir William II (c. 1392–1461), of Shute, Devon" 5032:

Roskell, J. S.; Clark, L. & Rawcliffe, C. R. (1993b).

5007:

Roskell, J. S.; Clark, L. & Rawcliffe, C. R. (1993a).

4202:. Vol. II (repr. ed.). Gloucester: Alan Sutton. 4128:. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). London: St Catherine Press. 3896:

Crime and Public Order in England in the Later Middle Ages

3749: 3747: 3615: 3184: 3182: 3180: 3178: 3176: 3174: 2530: 2410: 2408: 2215: 2213: 2211: 2184: 2162: 2160: 2123: 1970: 1968: 1966: 480:, this marriage greatly increased Bonville's links to the 270:

in December 1460, while Bonville himself took part in the

6140:

Members of the Parliament of England (pre-1707) for Devon

4564:. Oxford Historical Monographs. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 4143:

Courts, Counties and the Capital in the Later Middle Ages

3783: 3363: 3333: 3302: 3159: 3039: 2861: 2859: 2518: 2329: 2327: 2325: 2323: 2321: 2319: 2317: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2115: 2113: 2111: 2109: 2107: 2105: 2103: 1856: 1123: 1068:. Bonville has been described by historians connected to 888:, although in the event he did not do so. Accompanied by 646:

In 1421, Bonville acted as one of the Duke of Clarence's

438:, whose mother was from a branch of the Courtenay family. 427:

Margaret Bonville, who married Sir William Courtenay, of

246:

granted Bonville the profitable office of steward of the

5274:. Norwich: University of East Anglia. pp. 286–308. 5009:"Bonville, Sir William I (c.1332–1408), of Shute, Devon" 3732: 3720: 3579: 3480: 3468: 3444: 3353: 3351: 3218: 3111: 3063: 3051: 2943: 2907: 2895: 2883: 2844: 2832: 2777: 2729: 2700: 2640: 2594: 2592: 2542: 2508: 2506: 2504: 2450: 2435: 2302: 2172: 2081: 2025: 2023: 2021: 2019: 2017: 2015: 2013: 2011: 2009: 2007: 1468:

dower. She died 18 October 1471 having never remarried.

434:

Philippa Bonville,who married Sir William Grenville, of

3795: 3771: 3744: 3684: 3674: 3672: 3657: 3557: 3555: 3492: 3432: 3420: 3410: 3408: 3383: 3381: 3323: 3321: 3319: 3317: 3254: 3230: 3206: 3171: 3147: 2565: 2425: 2423: 2405: 2383: 2381: 2344: 2342: 2290: 2208: 2157: 1963: 1183:

was reserved for the Earl of Salisbury's youngest son,

6120:

People executed under the Plantagenets by decapitation

5031: 5006: 4804:. Exeter: University of Exeter Press. pp. 14–46. 4448:

The Dead and the Living in Paris and London, 1500–1670

3708: 3540: 3504: 3456: 3290: 3278: 3266: 2967: 2955: 2919: 2856: 2741: 2616: 2314: 2260: 2225: 2196: 2145: 2133: 2100: 2044: 1992: 1980: 4876:

Report and Transactions of the Devonshire Association

4087:"Bonville, William, First Baron Bonville (1392–1461)" 4012:

Carpenter, C. (2012). "The Lesser Landowners and the

3630: 3591: 3516: 3348: 3027: 3015: 2979: 2931: 2808: 2796: 2717: 2604: 2589: 2501: 2462: 2354: 2071: 2069: 2067: 2065: 2063: 2061: 2059: 2057: 2055: 2053: 2004: 1711:

William Tailboys has been described by the historian

909:

itself (French chroniclers referred to Bonville as a

610: 4874:

Radford, G.H. (1912). "The Fight at Clyst in 1455".

3669: 3552: 3405: 3393: 3378: 3314: 3194: 3123: 3075: 3003: 2991: 2820: 2652: 2628: 2474: 2420: 2378: 2339: 2266: 2237: 3946: 3651: 3573: 2871: 2393: 1321:. The modern historians Roskell and Woodger in the 376:and marriage into his own hands. This was valuable 5212: 5179:. Bruxelles: Presses universitaires de Bruxelles. 4956:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 4695:England in the Fifteenth Century: Collected Essays 4524:English Political Culture in the Fifteenth Century 4085: 2688: 2577: 2050: 1844: 1080:. He also received grants of lands and estates in 361:as a "capable, energetic and well-connected man". 195:(12 or 31 August 1392 – 18 February 1461), was an 4916:The Hundred Years War (Part II): Different Vistas 4638:Kingship and Masculinity in Late Medieval England 3947:Burley, P.; Elliott, M. & Watson, H. (2007). 3099: 3087: 2664: 1132:Map of the location of the Clyst engagement, 1455 6066: 5194:The Transformation of Medieval England 1370–1529 4990:Parliament and Politics in Late Medieval England 4181:Peasants and Landlords in Later Medieval England 1827:Apart from the Bonville and Courtenay families, 1527:, or dower—usually a third of everything he was 1443:Although executed for treason, Bonville escaped 1432:and Bonville's old ally Sir Philip Courtenay of 1058:through the south-west, he stayed at Bonville's 5124:. Vol. I. London: Longmans, Green and Co. 4899:. Washington, DC: University Press of America. 4429:From Wakefield to Towton: The Wars of the Roses 4124:Cokayne, George E. (1912). Gibbs, V. E. (ed.). 1237:Bonville's challenge and Courtenay's ascendancy 978:as a result. Suffolk was subsequently murdered 790:for life, for which he received a salary of 40 5056: 4992:. Vol. III. London: Bloomsbury Academic. 1957: 1702:, "that ultimately determined his importance". 1187:, and in November Bonville received a general 961:Willelmo Bonville domino Bonville et de Chuton 766: 589:. Stucley based his claim on the tradition of 468:this placed her within a prohibited degree of 5398: 4219:"King's Lieutenants in the Duchy (1278–1453)" 4020:. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 47–78. 3934:(new ed.). London: Harrison & sons. 3913:The Medieval Soldier in the Wars of the Roses 3877:Agincourt: The King, the Campaign, the Battle 1587:Prior to the 1430s, he was only appointed to 1539:could reduce an inheritance over generations. 1368: 1161:Battle of St Albans and Bonville's ascendancy 456:and daughter of his grandfather's associate 27:For other people named William Bonville, see 5326: 4364:. Berkeley: University of California Press. 4260: 4216: 4096:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 3841:. London: Hambledon Press. pp. 99–116. 3702: 2495: 1974: 1317:, daughter of the powerful northern magnate 285: 5136: 5086:(2nd ed.). London: Thames and Hudson. 4975:. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 4785:. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. 4507:. London: Hambledon Press. pp. 41–60. 3822:. Gloucester: Alan Sutton. pp. 15–35. 2536: 140: 5405: 5391: 5346:The Later Middle Ages in England 1216–1485 5174: 4241: 3372: 2901: 2771: 1194:In the south-west, Bonville and his ally, 274:two months later on the losing side; with 5343: 5312:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 4951: 4932: 4861:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 4692: 4673: 4450:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 4378: 4359: 4336: 4011: 3992: 3978:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 3973: 3789: 3738: 3534: 3474: 3342: 3308: 3248: 3224: 3165: 3069: 3057: 2949: 2913: 2889: 2850: 2838: 2790: 2759: 2735: 2711: 2682: 2646: 2571: 2559: 2456: 2444: 2372: 2308: 2178: 2094: 1998: 1986: 1381:on 17 February 1461. Bonville—along with 1149:eventually appointed the Duke of York as 666:as his heir, and his surviving brothers, 395: 5141:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 5119: 5084:The Wars of the Roses: A Concise History 4654: 4616: 4597: 4410:A Short History of the Wars of the Roses 4407: 4197: 4060:(Thesis). University of Wales (Swansea). 4058:The Crown and Political Society in Devon 3910: 3765: 3726: 3690: 3663: 3585: 3486: 3450: 3260: 3212: 3117: 2414: 2296: 2284: 2219: 2166: 1447:due to the victory a few weeks later of 1295: 1127: 950:between King Henry and his bride-to-be, 920: 711:in 1423, although he received few other 614: 380:, which the King granted firstly to Sir 323: 199:and an important, powerful landowner in 6100:English politicians convicted of crimes 5635:Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland 5630:Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland 5327:Wedgwood, J. C. & Holt, A. (1936). 5191: 4987: 4970: 4873: 4837: 4818: 4583:. Dublin: Four Courts. pp. 59–74. 4559: 4445: 4279: 4162:Gentry Culture in Late-Medieval England 4159: 4140: 4123: 4093:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 4069:. Stroud: A. Sutton. pp. 123–144. 4064: 4055: 3893: 3855: 3801: 3777: 3753: 3714: 3609: 3498: 3438: 3426: 3236: 3188: 3153: 2973: 2961: 2937: 2925: 2865: 2747: 2622: 2512: 2468: 2333: 2202: 2190: 2151: 2139: 2127: 2029: 573:. His mother had remarried in 1397, to 550:. The Fitzroger estates were mainly in 357:. He has been described by the scholar 65:Sable, six mullets argent pierced gules 14: 6115:People executed under the Lancastrians 6067: 5555:Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales 5362: 5269: 5155: 5139:Vengeance in Medieval Europe: A Reader 5137:Smail, D. L. & Gibson, K. (2009). 4913: 4894: 4856: 4802:Historical Atlas of South-West England 4780: 4761: 4464: 4317: 4083: 4034: 3874: 3836: 3817: 3624: 3546: 3510: 3296: 3284: 3272: 3045: 3033: 3021: 3009: 2997: 2985: 2814: 2802: 2723: 2658: 2610: 2598: 2524: 2429: 2387: 2360: 2348: 2272: 2243: 2075: 1672:outright confusion and contradiction". 1420:. A portion of the patrimony had been 1124:Henry's illness and Yorkist government 474:William Harington, 5th Baron Harington 422:William Harington, 5th Baron Harington 5650:Humphrey Stafford, Duke of Buckingham 5625:Thomas Neville, Bastard of Fauconberg 5565:Edmund Beaufort, 4th Duke of Somerset 5560:Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset 5550:Elizabeth Woodville, Queen of England 5412: 5386: 5310:Henry VI and the Politics of Kingship 5307: 5215:Crown and Nobility: England 1272–1461 5044:from the original on 12 December 2019 4635: 4578: 4540: 4521: 4502: 4483: 4426: 4298: 4246:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 4178: 3929: 3678: 3636: 3597: 3522: 3414: 3387: 3357: 3327: 3200: 3141: 3081: 2877: 2826: 2634: 2480: 2231: 1850: 1463:. Edward IV's cousin and chancellor, 1226:name that they could not be ignored. 682:, bringing with him a retinue of ten 532: 5804:George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence 5293:. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. 5288: 5252: 5233: 5210: 5105:. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. 5100: 5081: 4935:Nobles and the Noble Life, 1295–1500 4799: 4736: 4711: 4322:. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. 4223:The Gascon Rolls Project (1317–1468) 3995:English and Continental Perspectives 3561: 3462: 3399: 3129: 3105: 3093: 2694: 2670: 2583: 2399: 2261:Roskell, Clark & Rawcliffe 1993b 2045:Roskell, Clark & Rawcliffe 1993a 1650:killed in action, the feud over the 1634:and James, Earl of Wiltshire on the 1513:equivalent to two-thirds of a pound. 1491:(Bonville's first wife) for details. 1285: 1026:) between Bonville and Courtenay at 1014:". Fighting alongside Courtenay was 650:following the latter's death at the 301:. Bonville's grandfather had been a 290:The Bonvilles were one of the major 188:William Bonville, 1st Baron Bonville 5799:Edmund Plantagenet, Earl of Rutland 5685:Thomas Clifford, 8th Baron Clifford 5545:Margaret of Anjou, Queen of England 5257:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 5219:(2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell. 5069:from the original on 11 August 2018 5019:from the original on 11 August 2018 4749:from the original on 15 August 2018 4724:from the original on 15 August 2018 4545:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1483: 1481: 944:William de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk 558:, and the south-east of England in 478:Thomas Courtenay, 5th Earl of Devon 458:Edward Courtenay, 3rd Earl of Devon 454:John Harington, 4th Baron Harington 24: 5779:Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury 5749:Thomas FitzGerald, Earl of Desmond 5645:Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham 5160:(repr. ed.). Stroud: Sutton. 3144:, pp. 324 + n.274, 338 n.328. 1319:Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury 1108:, making him, wrote the historian 834: 811: 611:Political career and royal service 25: 6151: 5754:William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke 5670:George Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury 5615:John Neville, Marquess of Montagu 5158:The End of the House of Lancaster 4766:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. 4619:Essays Presented to Michael Hicks 3652:Burley, Elliott & Watson 2007 3574:Burley, Elliott & Watson 2007 29:William Bonville (disambiguation) 6130:People of the Hundred Years' War 6047: 6046: 5809:Humphrey Stafford, Earl of Devon 5759:William Hastings, Baron Hastings 5744:John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln 5728: 5620:Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick 5575:Henry Beaufort, Duke of Somerset 5570:John Beaumont, Viscount Beaumont 5534: 5523: 5507: 5497: 5487: 5477: 5467: 5329:History of Parliament: 1439–1509 4954:Old Age in Late Medieval England 4821:Late Medieval England, 1399–1509 4543:The Fifteenth Century, 1399–1485 1821: 1808: 1786: 1773: 1763: 1746: 1478: 782:In 1437, Bonville was appointed 508: 501: 408:. Lord Grey promised to pay 200 57: 6135:People of the Wars of the Roses 6125:People from East Devon District 6030:Second Cornish uprising of 1497 5769:Francis Lovell, Viscount Lovell 5675:John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury 1728: 1719: 1705: 1688: 1675: 1661: 1638:, between William Tailboys and 1611: 1598: 1581: 1568: 1551: 1542: 1516: 1509:A medieval English mark was an 1503: 1451:—son of Richard of York—at the 1418:Thomas Grey, Marquess of Dorset 1196:James Butler, Earl of Wiltshire 1038:as the King's representatives. 237:Thomas Courtenay, Earl of Devon 5990:Issue of Edward III of England 5739:Anne Neville, Queen of England 5700:Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pembroke 5695:Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond 4562:Duke Richard of York 1411–1460 4284:. New York: Barnes and Noble. 3860:. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang. 1500:Occasionally spelt Bonneville. 1494: 627:in 1415, and joined Henry V's 406:Reginald, Baron Grey of Ruthin 317:"; she echoed the medievalist 227:'s brother, and fought in the 13: 1: 6090:15th-century English nobility 5964:Stafford and Lovell rebellion 5789:William Neville, Earl of Kent 5774:John Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk 5715:Edward Woodville, Lord Scales 5660:George Stanley, Baron Strange 5655:Thomas Stanley, Earl of Derby 5605:Henry Holland, Duke of Exeter 5600:John Courtenay, Earl of Devon 5595:John Clifford, Baron Clifford 5580:John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley 1838: 1595:in April 1418 and March 1419. 509: 5864:Siege of the Tower of London 5764:John Howard, Duke of Norfolk 5585:James Butler, Earl of Ormond 4117:UK public library membership 1397: 1334:against the Yorkists at the 916: 820:TNA, document SC 8/269-13408 777: 672:Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester 601:, and as a result, says the 235:with his powerful neighbour 162:John Bonville (illegitimate) 7: 5924:1470 Lincolnshire Rebellion 5610:John Neville, Baron Neville 5590:John Butler, Earl of Ormond 5122:Life and Reign of Edward IV 4937:. London: Allen and Unwin. 4697:. London: Hambledon Press. 4678:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 4431:. Barnsley: Pen and Sword. 3951:. Barnsley: Pen and Sword. 1630:families in the northwest, 767:Feud with the Earl of Devon 10: 6156: 5690:James Tuchet, Baron Audley 5192:Thomson, J. A. F. (1983). 4745:. University of Michigan. 4720:. University of Michigan. 3879:. St Ives: Little, Brown. 3810: 1958:Roskell & Woodger 1993 1795:Battle of Mortimer's Cross 1379:Second Battle of St Albans 1369:Second Battle of St Albans 1289: 1016:Edward Brooke, Lord Cobham 770: 272:Second Battle of St Albans 217:English invasion of France 108:Second Battle of St Albans 104:18 February 1461 (aged 68) 26: 6040: 5977: 5831: 5723: 5518: 5455: 5448: 5420: 5063:The History of Parliament 5038:The History of Parliament 5013:The History of Parliament 4952:Rosenthal, J. T. (1996). 4933:Rosenthal, J. T. (1976). 4743:Middle English Dictionary 4718:Middle English Dictionary 4693:McFarlane, K. B. (1981). 4674:McFarlane, K. B. (1973). 4488:. Oxford: Longman Group. 4393:10.1093/ehr/XCIX.CCCXC.67 4381:English Historical Review 4360:Griffiths, R. A. (1981). 4261:Given-Wilson, C. (1987). 4016:". In Hicks M. A. (ed.). 3949:The Battles of St. Albans 1168:First Battle of St Albans 808: 286:Background and early life 215:. In 1415, he joined the 177: 169: 135: 123: 113: 100: 81: 71: 56: 48: 41: 5120:Scofield, C. L. (1923). 4200:Paston letters 1422–1509 4014:Inquisitions Post Mortem 3911:Boardman, A. W. (1998). 3703:Wedgwood & Holt 1936 1471: 1375:Richard, Earl of Warwick 1231:Michael Hicks, historian 1043:Edmund, Duke of Somerset 925:The western entrance of 637:Thomas, Duke of Clarence 221:Thomas, Duke of Clarence 6005:Bonville–Courtenay feud 5238:. Stroud: Alan Sutton. 5175:Thielemans, M. (1966). 4988:Roskell, J. S. (1983). 4971:Roskell, J. S. (1954). 4838:Pollard, A. J. (2001). 4819:Pollard, A. J. (2000). 4659:. Abingdon: Routledge. 4655:Matusiak, John (2012). 4560:Johnson, P. A. (1988). 4242:Gillingham, J. (1993). 3894:Bellamy, J. G. (1973). 3856:Attreed, L. C. (2001). 2537:Smail & Gibson 2009 1332:Edward, Prince of Wales 1272:Bonville–Courtenay feud 1066:lieutenant of Aquitaine 773:Bonville–Courtenay feud 741:concealment of treasure 635:of the King's brother, 625:royal service in France 6105:High sheriffs of Devon 5954:Buckingham's rebellion 5934:Readeption of Henry VI 5363:Wolffe, B. P. (1981). 5344:Wilkinson, B. (1995). 5156:Storey, R. L. (1999). 4897:Lancastrian Englishmen 4895:Reeves, A. C. (1981). 4857:Postan, M. M. (1973). 4412:. London: I.B.Tauris. 4318:Gribit, N. A. (2016). 4102:10.1093/ref:odnb/50217 3974:Carpenter, C. (1997). 1685:on behalf of its lord. 1548:Also spelled Styuecle. 1309: 1228: 1133: 1036:Jacquetta, Lady Rivers 930: 839: 816: 620: 460:. The couple required 396:Marriages and children 329: 6110:Knights of the Garter 5640:Thomas Ros, Baron Ros 5425:Red Rose of Lancaster 5348:. London: Routledge. 5196:. London: Routledge. 4840:The Wars of the Roses 4640:. London: Routledge. 4541:Jacob, E. F. (1993). 4526:. London: Routledge. 4522:Hicks, M. A. (2002). 4486:Warwick the Kingmaker 4484:Hicks, M. A. (1998). 4408:Grummitt, D. (2013). 4265:. London: Routledge. 4217:Gascon Rolls (2014). 4198:Gairdner, J. (1986). 4179:Fryde, E. B. (1996). 3898:. London: Routledge. 1365:on 30 December 1460. 1343:Battle of Northampton 1323:History of Parliament 1299: 1292:The Wars of the Roses 1223: 1131: 985:Richard, Duke of York 924: 838: 815: 668:John, Duke of Bedford 618: 604:History of Parliament 372:took both Bonville's 327: 282:on 18 February 1461. 276:the new Earl of Devon 264:Richard, Duke of York 6015:Neville–Neville feud 6000:Princes in the Tower 5082:Ross, C. D. (1994). 4636:Lewis, K. J (2013). 4446:Harding, V. (2002). 4340:Welsh History Review 4280:Goodman, A. (1981). 4056:Cherry, M. (1981a). 3537:, p. 841 n.175. 3251:, p. 770 n.202. 2774:, pp. 160, 338. 2762:, p. 469 n.141. 1652:Berkeley inheritance 1640:Ralph, Lord Cromwell 1589:commissions of array 1416:. She later married 1280:Knight of the Garter 1032:Richard, Lord Rivers 874:seneschal of Gascony 822:: The petition of a 717:justice of the peace 631:, travelling in the 524:class=notpageimage| 386:Edward, Duke of York 368:. As was customary, 338:member of Parliament 85:12 or 31 August 1392 5794:Sir Richard Herbert 4823:. London: Longman. 4781:Mirrer, L. (1992). 4762:Mercer, M. (2010). 4465:Harris, R. (1994). 4084:Cherry, M. (2004). 3930:Burke, B. (1864) . 3875:Barker, J. (2009). 3768:, pp. 124–125. 3627:, pp. 174–175. 3612:, pp. 138–139. 3048:, pp. 259–260. 2685:, p. 601 n.79. 2527:, pp. 114–115. 2375:, pp. 574–575. 2287:, pp. 232–233. 2193:, pp. 218–219. 1669:Christine Carpenter 1359:Battle of Wakefield 1181:Bishopric of Exeter 1114:Battle of Castillon 974:House of Lords and 959:end of his life as 880:had been governing 878:Sir Philip Chetwynd 674:as the baby King's 623:Bonville undertook 493:financial endowment 400:In 1414 he married 311:Christine Carpenter 268:Battle of Wakefield 181:Elizabeth Fitzroger 131:Elizabeth Courtenay 6010:Percy–Neville feud 5889:St Albans (Second) 5784:Sir Thomas Neville 5430:White Rose of York 5308:Watts, J. (1996). 4427:Haigh, P. (2002). 4229:on 22 October 2019 4183:. Stroud: Sutton. 3915:. Stroud: Sutton. 1578:the previous year. 1559:Clifford J. Rogers 1465:Archbishop of York 1383:Sir Thomas Kyriell 1310: 1172:pre-emptive strike 1134: 1012:maxima perturbatio 948:betrothal ceremony 931: 840: 817: 788:county of Cornwall 629:Agincourt campaign 621: 533:Estates and wealth 462:papal dispensation 330: 305:of the 11th Earl, 233:involved in a feud 229:Agincourt campaign 219:in the retinue of 213:Hundred Years' War 201:south-west England 159:Elizabeth Bonville 63:Arms of Bonville: 6060: 6059: 5839:St Albans (First) 5827: 5826: 5705:Margaret Beaufort 5414:Wars of the Roses 5374:978-0-30008-926-4 5355:978-1-31787-323-5 5319:978-0-52165-393-0 5300:978-1-78327-115-3 5289:Ward, M. (2016). 5281:978-0-90621-944-7 5253:Vale, M. (1970). 5245:978-0-75090-913-6 5226:978-0-63121-466-3 5211:Tuck, A. (1999). 5203:978-1-31787-260-3 5167:978-0-75092-007-0 5148:978-1-44260-126-0 5112:978-1-78327-005-7 5101:Ross, J. (2011). 5093:978-0-50027-407-1 4999:978-0-90762-830-9 4963:978-0-81223-355-1 4944:978-0-04942-139-4 4925:978-9-00416-821-3 4906:978-0-81911-943-8 4849:978-1-13712-166-0 4830:978-0-58203-135-7 4811:978-0-85989-434-0 4792:978-0-47210-257-0 4773:978-1-44114-083-8 4714:"Puissaunce (n.)" 4704:978-0-82644-191-1 4685:978-0-19822-657-4 4666:978-0-41562-027-7 4647:978-1-13445-453-2 4628:978-1-78327-048-4 4609:978-1-84383-333-8 4590:978-1-85182-775-6 4571:978-0-19820-268-4 4552:978-0-19285-286-1 4533:978-0-41521-764-4 4514:978-1-85285-053-1 4495:978-0-63123-593-4 4476:978-0-86193-226-9 4457:978-0-52181-126-2 4438:978-1-47382-039-5 4419:978-1-84885-875-6 4371:978-0-52004-372-5 4329:978-1-78327-117-7 4310:978-0-74869-151-7 4291:978-1-13814-851-2 4272:978-0-41514-883-2 4253:978-1-84212-274-7 4209:978-0-86299-306-1 4190:978-0-75092-255-5 4171:978-0-71906-825-6 4152:978-0-75091-149-8 4115:(Subscription or 4076:978-0-90438-745-2 4027:978-1-84383-712-1 4004:978-1-84383-607-0 3985:978-0-52131-874-7 3958:978-1-84415-569-9 3922:978-0-75091-465-9 3886:978-0-74812-219-6 3867:978-0-82045-163-3 3848:978-1-85285-133-0 3829:978-0-86299-163-0 3465:, pp. 41–44. 2496:Given-Wilson 1987 2234:, pp. 59–60. 1975:Gascon Rolls 2014 1736:Duke of Aquitaine 1632:John, Lord Talbot 1563:siege of Harfleur 1430:Humphrey Stafford 1315:Katherine Neville 1306:William Courtenay 1286:Wars of the Roses 1170:on the 22nd in a 1118:oyer and terminer 1008:William Worcester 952:Margaret of Anjou 858:Duchy of Cornwall 849: 848: 733:Earl of Warwick's 692:Sir Thomas Brooke 347:Abbot of Newenham 278:watching, he was 260:Wars of the Roses 248:Duchy of Cornwall 185: 184: 173:Sir John Bonville 156:Margaret Bonville 150:Philippa Bonville 16:(Redirected from 6147: 6085:English MPs 1422 6050: 6049: 5884:Mortimer's Cross 5814:Margaret of York 5732: 5538: 5527: 5511: 5501: 5491: 5481: 5471: 5453: 5452: 5407: 5400: 5393: 5384: 5383: 5378: 5359: 5340: 5323: 5304: 5285: 5266: 5249: 5230: 5218: 5207: 5188: 5171: 5152: 5133: 5116: 5097: 5078: 5076: 5074: 5053: 5051: 5049: 5028: 5026: 5024: 5003: 4984: 4967: 4948: 4929: 4910: 4891: 4870: 4853: 4834: 4815: 4796: 4777: 4758: 4756: 4754: 4733: 4731: 4729: 4708: 4689: 4670: 4651: 4632: 4613: 4594: 4575: 4556: 4537: 4518: 4499: 4480: 4461: 4442: 4423: 4404: 4375: 4356: 4333: 4314: 4295: 4276: 4257: 4238: 4236: 4234: 4213: 4194: 4175: 4156: 4137: 4120: 4112: 4110: 4108: 4089: 4080: 4061: 4052: 4037:Southern History 4031: 4008: 3989: 3970: 3943: 3926: 3907: 3890: 3871: 3852: 3833: 3805: 3799: 3793: 3787: 3781: 3775: 3769: 3763: 3757: 3751: 3742: 3736: 3730: 3724: 3718: 3712: 3706: 3700: 3694: 3688: 3682: 3676: 3667: 3661: 3655: 3649: 3640: 3634: 3628: 3622: 3613: 3607: 3601: 3595: 3589: 3583: 3577: 3571: 3565: 3559: 3550: 3544: 3538: 3532: 3526: 3520: 3514: 3508: 3502: 3496: 3490: 3484: 3478: 3472: 3466: 3460: 3454: 3448: 3442: 3436: 3430: 3424: 3418: 3412: 3403: 3397: 3391: 3385: 3376: 3370: 3361: 3355: 3346: 3340: 3331: 3325: 3312: 3306: 3300: 3294: 3288: 3282: 3276: 3270: 3264: 3258: 3252: 3246: 3240: 3234: 3228: 3222: 3216: 3210: 3204: 3198: 3192: 3186: 3169: 3163: 3157: 3151: 3145: 3139: 3133: 3127: 3121: 3115: 3109: 3103: 3097: 3091: 3085: 3079: 3073: 3067: 3061: 3055: 3049: 3043: 3037: 3031: 3025: 3019: 3013: 3007: 3001: 2995: 2989: 2983: 2977: 2971: 2965: 2959: 2953: 2947: 2941: 2935: 2929: 2923: 2917: 2911: 2905: 2899: 2893: 2887: 2881: 2875: 2869: 2863: 2854: 2848: 2842: 2836: 2830: 2824: 2818: 2812: 2806: 2800: 2794: 2788: 2775: 2769: 2763: 2757: 2751: 2745: 2739: 2733: 2727: 2721: 2715: 2709: 2698: 2692: 2686: 2680: 2674: 2668: 2662: 2656: 2650: 2644: 2638: 2632: 2626: 2620: 2614: 2608: 2602: 2596: 2587: 2581: 2575: 2569: 2563: 2557: 2540: 2534: 2528: 2522: 2516: 2510: 2499: 2493: 2484: 2478: 2472: 2466: 2460: 2454: 2448: 2442: 2433: 2427: 2418: 2412: 2403: 2397: 2391: 2385: 2376: 2370: 2364: 2358: 2352: 2346: 2337: 2331: 2312: 2306: 2300: 2294: 2288: 2282: 2276: 2270: 2264: 2258: 2247: 2241: 2235: 2229: 2223: 2217: 2206: 2200: 2194: 2188: 2182: 2176: 2170: 2164: 2155: 2149: 2143: 2137: 2131: 2125: 2098: 2092: 2079: 2073: 2048: 2042: 2033: 2027: 2002: 1996: 1990: 1984: 1978: 1972: 1961: 1955: 1854: 1848: 1832: 1825: 1819: 1812: 1806: 1790: 1784: 1777: 1771: 1767: 1761: 1750: 1744: 1732: 1726: 1723: 1717: 1709: 1703: 1692: 1686: 1683:Duchy of Gascony 1679: 1673: 1665: 1659: 1615: 1609: 1602: 1596: 1585: 1579: 1572: 1566: 1555: 1549: 1546: 1540: 1520: 1514: 1507: 1501: 1498: 1492: 1485: 1453:Battle of Towton 1363:Lancastrian army 1260:Powderham Castle 1232: 1218:Nicholas Radford 1092:of Lydford, the 972:impeached in the 927:Powderham Castle 843: 831: 806: 805: 796:Thomas Courtenay 752:Duke of Burgundy 739:, smuggling and 735:fleet in 1438), 709:Sheriff of Devon 686:and 30 archers. 656:heir presumptive 512: 511: 505: 443:William Tailboys 316: 309:. The historian 205:Late Middle Ages 197:English nobleman 194: 153:William Bonville 144: 96: 61: 43:William Bonville 39: 38: 21: 18:William Bonville 6155: 6154: 6150: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6145: 6144: 6095:Barons Bonville 6065: 6064: 6061: 6056: 6036: 5973: 5949:Siege of London 5823: 5819:Richard of York 5727: 5719: 5680:Andrew Trollope 5665:William Stanley 5533: 5529: 5528: 5522: 5514: 5444: 5416: 5411: 5381: 5375: 5356: 5320: 5301: 5282: 5246: 5227: 5204: 5168: 5149: 5113: 5094: 5072: 5070: 5047: 5045: 5022: 5020: 5000: 4964: 4945: 4926: 4907: 4850: 4831: 4812: 4793: 4774: 4752: 4750: 4727: 4725: 4705: 4686: 4667: 4648: 4629: 4610: 4591: 4572: 4553: 4534: 4515: 4496: 4477: 4458: 4439: 4420: 4372: 4330: 4311: 4292: 4273: 4254: 4232: 4230: 4210: 4191: 4172: 4153: 4114: 4106: 4104: 4077: 4028: 4005: 3986: 3959: 3923: 3887: 3868: 3849: 3830: 3813: 3808: 3800: 3796: 3788: 3784: 3776: 3772: 3764: 3760: 3752: 3745: 3737: 3733: 3725: 3721: 3713: 3709: 3701: 3697: 3689: 3685: 3677: 3670: 3662: 3658: 3650: 3643: 3635: 3631: 3623: 3616: 3608: 3604: 3596: 3592: 3584: 3580: 3572: 3568: 3560: 3553: 3545: 3541: 3533: 3529: 3521: 3517: 3509: 3505: 3497: 3493: 3485: 3481: 3473: 3469: 3461: 3457: 3449: 3445: 3437: 3433: 3425: 3421: 3413: 3406: 3398: 3394: 3386: 3379: 3373:Gillingham 1993 3371: 3364: 3356: 3349: 3341: 3334: 3326: 3315: 3307: 3303: 3295: 3291: 3283: 3279: 3271: 3267: 3259: 3255: 3247: 3243: 3235: 3231: 3223: 3219: 3211: 3207: 3199: 3195: 3187: 3172: 3164: 3160: 3152: 3148: 3140: 3136: 3128: 3124: 3116: 3112: 3104: 3100: 3092: 3088: 3080: 3076: 3068: 3064: 3056: 3052: 3044: 3040: 3032: 3028: 3020: 3016: 3008: 3004: 2996: 2992: 2984: 2980: 2972: 2968: 2960: 2956: 2948: 2944: 2936: 2932: 2924: 2920: 2912: 2908: 2902:Gillingham 1993 2900: 2896: 2888: 2884: 2876: 2872: 2864: 2857: 2849: 2845: 2837: 2833: 2825: 2821: 2813: 2809: 2801: 2797: 2789: 2778: 2772:Thielemans 1966 2770: 2766: 2758: 2754: 2746: 2742: 2734: 2730: 2722: 2718: 2710: 2701: 2693: 2689: 2681: 2677: 2669: 2665: 2657: 2653: 2645: 2641: 2633: 2629: 2621: 2617: 2609: 2605: 2597: 2590: 2582: 2578: 2570: 2566: 2558: 2543: 2535: 2531: 2523: 2519: 2511: 2502: 2494: 2487: 2479: 2475: 2467: 2463: 2455: 2451: 2443: 2436: 2428: 2421: 2413: 2406: 2398: 2394: 2386: 2379: 2371: 2367: 2359: 2355: 2347: 2340: 2332: 2315: 2307: 2303: 2295: 2291: 2283: 2279: 2271: 2267: 2259: 2250: 2242: 2238: 2230: 2226: 2218: 2209: 2201: 2197: 2189: 2185: 2177: 2173: 2165: 2158: 2150: 2146: 2138: 2134: 2126: 2101: 2093: 2082: 2074: 2051: 2043: 2036: 2028: 2005: 1997: 1993: 1985: 1981: 1973: 1964: 1956: 1857: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1836: 1835: 1829:K. B. McFarlane 1826: 1822: 1813: 1809: 1791: 1787: 1778: 1774: 1768: 1764: 1751: 1747: 1733: 1729: 1724: 1720: 1710: 1706: 1693: 1689: 1680: 1676: 1666: 1662: 1656:Gloucestershire 1616: 1612: 1603: 1599: 1586: 1582: 1576:Battle of Baugé 1573: 1569: 1556: 1552: 1547: 1543: 1521: 1517: 1511:accounting unit 1508: 1504: 1499: 1495: 1486: 1479: 1474: 1400: 1371: 1336:1459 Parliament 1294: 1288: 1282:the same year. 1248:John Gillingham 1239: 1234: 1230: 1209:Michaelmas term 1163: 1126: 1102:forestry rights 965:Wells Cathedral 919: 890:Sir John Popham 845: 844: 841: 832: 818: 800:Hannes Kleineke 780: 775: 769: 652:Battle of Baugé 613: 577:, an important 575:Richard Stucley 535: 530: 529: 528: 526: 520: 519: 518: 517: 513: 398: 378:royal patronage 359:Ralph Griffiths 319:K. B. McFarlane 314: 288: 252:catatonic state 209:Richard Stucley 190: 165: 138: 137: 130: 105: 87: 86: 76:Cecily Bonville 67: 44: 35: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6153: 6143: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6058: 6057: 6055: 6054: 6041: 6038: 6037: 6035: 6034: 6033: 6032: 6027: 6025:Battle of Deal 6020:Perkin Warbeck 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5995:Titulus Regius 5992: 5987: 5981: 5979: 5975: 5974: 5972: 5971: 5966: 5961: 5959:Bosworth Field 5956: 5951: 5946: 5941: 5936: 5931: 5929:Losecoat Field 5926: 5921: 5916: 5911: 5906: 5901: 5896: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5854:Ludford Bridge 5851: 5846: 5844:Loveday (1458) 5841: 5835: 5833: 5829: 5828: 5825: 5824: 5822: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5776: 5771: 5766: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5735: 5733: 5721: 5720: 5718: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5541: 5539: 5516: 5515: 5513: 5512: 5502: 5492: 5482: 5472: 5461: 5459: 5450: 5446: 5445: 5443: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5427: 5421: 5418: 5417: 5410: 5409: 5402: 5395: 5387: 5380: 5379: 5373: 5360: 5354: 5341: 5324: 5318: 5305: 5299: 5286: 5280: 5267: 5250: 5244: 5231: 5225: 5208: 5202: 5189: 5172: 5166: 5153: 5147: 5134: 5117: 5111: 5098: 5092: 5079: 5054: 5029: 5004: 4998: 4985: 4968: 4962: 4949: 4943: 4930: 4924: 4911: 4905: 4892: 4871: 4854: 4848: 4835: 4829: 4816: 4810: 4797: 4791: 4778: 4772: 4759: 4734: 4709: 4703: 4690: 4684: 4671: 4665: 4652: 4646: 4633: 4627: 4614: 4608: 4595: 4589: 4576: 4570: 4557: 4551: 4538: 4532: 4519: 4513: 4500: 4494: 4481: 4475: 4462: 4456: 4443: 4437: 4424: 4418: 4405: 4376: 4370: 4357: 4334: 4328: 4315: 4309: 4296: 4290: 4277: 4271: 4258: 4252: 4239: 4214: 4208: 4195: 4189: 4176: 4170: 4157: 4151: 4138: 4121: 4081: 4075: 4062: 4053: 4032: 4026: 4009: 4003: 3990: 3984: 3971: 3957: 3944: 3927: 3921: 3908: 3891: 3885: 3872: 3866: 3853: 3847: 3834: 3828: 3814: 3812: 3809: 3807: 3806: 3804:, p. 171. 3794: 3792:, p. 148. 3790:McFarlane 1973 3782: 3780:, p. 138. 3770: 3758: 3756:, p. 219. 3743: 3739:Rosenthal 1996 3731: 3729:, p. 123. 3719: 3707: 3695: 3683: 3668: 3656: 3641: 3639:, p. 240. 3629: 3614: 3602: 3600:, p. 216. 3590: 3588:, p. 140. 3578: 3566: 3564:, p. 142. 3551: 3549:, p. 150. 3539: 3535:Griffiths 1981 3527: 3525:, p. 128. 3515: 3513:, p. 173. 3503: 3501:, p. 303. 3491: 3489:, p. 141. 3479: 3475:Rosenthal 1976 3467: 3455: 3453:, p. 143. 3443: 3441:, p. 260. 3431: 3429:, p. 123. 3419: 3404: 3402:, p. 263. 3392: 3377: 3362: 3360:, p. 193. 3347: 3345:, p. 221. 3343:Griffiths 1965 3332: 3313: 3311:, p. 139. 3309:Carpenter 1997 3301: 3299:, p. 168. 3289: 3287:, p. 167. 3277: 3275:, p. 166. 3265: 3253: 3249:Griffiths 1981 3241: 3239:, p. 149. 3229: 3225:Griffiths 1984 3217: 3205: 3193: 3191:, p. 155. 3170: 3168:, p. 740. 3166:Griffiths 1981 3158: 3156:, p. 151. 3146: 3134: 3132:, p. 271. 3122: 3120:, p. 299. 3110: 3098: 3086: 3084:, p. 508. 3074: 3072:, p. 723. 3070:Griffiths 1981 3062: 3060:, p. 715. 3058:Griffiths 1981 3050: 3038: 3036:, p. 262. 3026: 3024:, p. 165. 3014: 3002: 2990: 2988:, p. 259. 2978: 2976:, p. 132. 2966: 2964:, p. 136. 2954: 2952:, p. 128. 2950:Carpenter 1997 2942: 2930: 2928:, p. 255. 2918: 2916:, p. 596. 2914:Griffiths 1981 2906: 2894: 2892:, p. 692. 2890:Griffiths 1981 2882: 2870: 2868:, p. 254. 2855: 2853:, p. 356. 2851:Griffiths 1981 2843: 2841:, p. 353. 2839:Griffiths 1981 2831: 2829:, p. 239. 2819: 2817:, p. 295. 2807: 2805:, p. 291. 2795: 2793:, p. 576. 2791:Griffiths 1981 2776: 2764: 2760:Griffiths 1981 2752: 2750:, p. 194. 2740: 2738:, p. 466. 2736:Griffiths 1981 2728: 2726:, p. 161. 2716: 2714:, p. 465. 2712:Griffiths 1981 2699: 2687: 2683:Griffiths 1981 2675: 2663: 2651: 2649:, p. 529. 2647:Griffiths 1981 2639: 2637:, p. 178. 2627: 2625:, p. 253. 2615: 2613:, p. 223. 2603: 2601:, p. 107. 2588: 2576: 2572:Carpenter 2010 2564: 2562:, p. 575. 2560:Griffiths 1981 2541: 2539:, p. 456. 2529: 2517: 2500: 2498:, p. 168. 2485: 2483:, p. 208. 2473: 2461: 2459:, p. 112. 2457:Carpenter 1997 2449: 2447:, p. 563. 2445:Griffiths 1981 2434: 2419: 2417:, p. 140. 2404: 2402:, p. 177. 2392: 2377: 2373:Griffiths 1981 2365: 2363:, p. 305. 2353: 2338: 2336:, p. 154. 2313: 2311:, p. 311. 2309:Wilkinson 1995 2301: 2299:, p. 218. 2289: 2277: 2265: 2248: 2236: 2224: 2222:, p. 122. 2207: 2205:, p. 128. 2195: 2183: 2181:, p. 580. 2179:Griffiths 1981 2171: 2169:, p. 121. 2156: 2154:, p. xiv. 2144: 2142:, p. 111. 2132: 2130:, p. 153. 2099: 2097:, p. 574. 2095:Griffiths 1981 2080: 2049: 2034: 2032:, p. 218. 2003: 1999:McFarlane 1981 1991: 1987:Carpenter 2012 1979: 1962: 1855: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1834: 1833: 1820: 1807: 1785: 1781:Great Wardrobe 1772: 1762: 1745: 1741:Michael Postan 1727: 1718: 1704: 1687: 1674: 1667:The historian 1660: 1648:Viscount Lisle 1610: 1597: 1580: 1567: 1565:in particular. 1550: 1541: 1515: 1502: 1493: 1476: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1449:Edward of York 1438:Malcolm Mercer 1399: 1396: 1391:David Grummitt 1370: 1367: 1287: 1284: 1238: 1235: 1222: 1185:George Neville 1162: 1159: 1147:House of Lords 1125: 1122: 1110:Bertram Wolffe 1088:, borough and 1056:royal progress 1010:described as " 1001:Taunton Castle 999:of Bonville's 918: 915: 847: 846: 833: 810: 809: 779: 776: 768: 765: 759:to patrol the 748:King's Council 612: 609: 552:Leicestershire 534: 531: 522: 521: 515: 514: 507: 506: 500: 499: 498: 497: 496: 476:, and aunt of 447: 446: 439: 432: 425: 404:, daughter of 397: 394: 384:, and then to 299:earls of Devon 287: 284: 242:In 1437, King 183: 182: 179: 175: 174: 171: 167: 166: 164: 163: 160: 157: 154: 151: 147: 145: 133: 132: 125: 121: 120: 117: 111: 110: 106:Following the 102: 98: 97: 83: 79: 78: 73: 69: 68: 62: 54: 53: 51:Baron Bonville 46: 45: 42: 33: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6152: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6072: 6070: 6063: 6053: 6045: 6044: 6039: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6022: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5985:Act of Accord 5983: 5982: 5980: 5976: 5970: 5967: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5950: 5947: 5945: 5942: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5917: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5909:Hedgeley Moor 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5836: 5834: 5830: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5726: 5722: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5532: 5526: 5521: 5517: 5510: 5506: 5503: 5500: 5496: 5493: 5490: 5486: 5483: 5480: 5476: 5473: 5470: 5466: 5463: 5462: 5460: 5458: 5454: 5451: 5447: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5422: 5419: 5415: 5408: 5403: 5401: 5396: 5394: 5389: 5388: 5385: 5376: 5370: 5366: 5361: 5357: 5351: 5347: 5342: 5338: 5334: 5330: 5325: 5321: 5315: 5311: 5306: 5302: 5296: 5292: 5287: 5283: 5277: 5273: 5268: 5264: 5260: 5256: 5251: 5247: 5241: 5237: 5232: 5228: 5222: 5217: 5216: 5209: 5205: 5199: 5195: 5190: 5186: 5182: 5178: 5173: 5169: 5163: 5159: 5154: 5150: 5144: 5140: 5135: 5131: 5127: 5123: 5118: 5114: 5108: 5104: 5099: 5095: 5089: 5085: 5080: 5068: 5064: 5060: 5055: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5030: 5018: 5014: 5010: 5005: 5001: 4995: 4991: 4986: 4982: 4978: 4974: 4969: 4965: 4959: 4955: 4950: 4946: 4940: 4936: 4931: 4927: 4921: 4917: 4912: 4908: 4902: 4898: 4893: 4889: 4885: 4881: 4877: 4872: 4868: 4864: 4860: 4855: 4851: 4845: 4841: 4836: 4832: 4826: 4822: 4817: 4813: 4807: 4803: 4798: 4794: 4788: 4784: 4779: 4775: 4769: 4765: 4760: 4748: 4744: 4740: 4737:MED (2014b). 4735: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4712:MED (2014a). 4710: 4706: 4700: 4696: 4691: 4687: 4681: 4677: 4672: 4668: 4662: 4658: 4653: 4649: 4643: 4639: 4634: 4630: 4624: 4620: 4615: 4611: 4605: 4601: 4596: 4592: 4586: 4582: 4577: 4573: 4567: 4563: 4558: 4554: 4548: 4544: 4539: 4535: 4529: 4525: 4520: 4516: 4510: 4506: 4501: 4497: 4491: 4487: 4482: 4478: 4472: 4468: 4463: 4459: 4453: 4449: 4444: 4440: 4434: 4430: 4425: 4421: 4415: 4411: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4394: 4390: 4386: 4382: 4377: 4373: 4367: 4363: 4358: 4354: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4341: 4335: 4331: 4325: 4321: 4316: 4312: 4306: 4302: 4297: 4293: 4287: 4283: 4278: 4274: 4268: 4264: 4259: 4255: 4249: 4245: 4240: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4215: 4211: 4205: 4201: 4196: 4192: 4186: 4182: 4177: 4173: 4167: 4163: 4158: 4154: 4148: 4144: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4122: 4118: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4094: 4088: 4082: 4078: 4072: 4068: 4063: 4059: 4054: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4038: 4033: 4029: 4023: 4019: 4015: 4010: 4006: 4000: 3996: 3991: 3987: 3981: 3977: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3960: 3954: 3950: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3928: 3924: 3918: 3914: 3909: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3892: 3888: 3882: 3878: 3873: 3869: 3863: 3859: 3854: 3850: 3844: 3840: 3835: 3831: 3825: 3821: 3816: 3815: 3803: 3798: 3791: 3786: 3779: 3774: 3767: 3766:Kleineke 2015 3762: 3755: 3750: 3748: 3741:, p. 86. 3740: 3735: 3728: 3727:Kleineke 2015 3723: 3717:, p. 39. 3716: 3711: 3705:, p. 92. 3704: 3699: 3693:, p. 76. 3692: 3691:Grummitt 2013 3687: 3681:, p. 92. 3680: 3675: 3673: 3666:, p. 55. 3665: 3664:Boardman 1998 3660: 3654:, p. 79. 3653: 3648: 3646: 3638: 3633: 3626: 3621: 3619: 3611: 3606: 3599: 3594: 3587: 3586:Scofield 1923 3582: 3576:, p. 57. 3575: 3570: 3563: 3558: 3556: 3548: 3543: 3536: 3531: 3524: 3519: 3512: 3507: 3500: 3495: 3488: 3487:Kleineke 2007 3483: 3477:, p. 83. 3476: 3471: 3464: 3459: 3452: 3451:Kleineke 2007 3447: 3440: 3435: 3428: 3423: 3417:, p. 49. 3416: 3411: 3409: 3401: 3396: 3390:, p. 48. 3389: 3384: 3382: 3375:, p. 96. 3374: 3369: 3367: 3359: 3354: 3352: 3344: 3339: 3337: 3330:, p. 60. 3329: 3324: 3322: 3320: 3318: 3310: 3305: 3298: 3293: 3286: 3281: 3274: 3269: 3263:, p. 36. 3262: 3261:Grummitt 2013 3257: 3250: 3245: 3238: 3233: 3227:, p. 78. 3226: 3221: 3215:, p. 59. 3214: 3213:Grummitt 2013 3209: 3203:, p. 94. 3202: 3197: 3190: 3185: 3183: 3181: 3179: 3177: 3175: 3167: 3162: 3155: 3150: 3143: 3138: 3131: 3126: 3119: 3118:Gairdner 1986 3114: 3107: 3102: 3095: 3090: 3083: 3078: 3071: 3066: 3059: 3054: 3047: 3042: 3035: 3030: 3023: 3018: 3012:, p. 74. 3011: 3006: 3000:, p. 13. 2999: 2994: 2987: 2982: 2975: 2970: 2963: 2958: 2951: 2946: 2940:, p. 20. 2939: 2934: 2927: 2922: 2915: 2910: 2904:, p. 72. 2903: 2898: 2891: 2886: 2880:, p. 93. 2879: 2874: 2867: 2862: 2860: 2852: 2847: 2840: 2835: 2828: 2823: 2816: 2811: 2804: 2799: 2792: 2787: 2785: 2783: 2781: 2773: 2768: 2761: 2756: 2749: 2744: 2737: 2732: 2725: 2720: 2713: 2708: 2706: 2704: 2697:, p. 24. 2696: 2691: 2684: 2679: 2672: 2667: 2661:, p. 23. 2660: 2655: 2648: 2643: 2636: 2631: 2624: 2619: 2612: 2607: 2600: 2595: 2593: 2586:, p. 72. 2585: 2580: 2574:, p. 22. 2573: 2568: 2561: 2556: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2546: 2538: 2533: 2526: 2521: 2515:, p. 58. 2514: 2509: 2507: 2505: 2497: 2492: 2490: 2482: 2477: 2471:, p. 27. 2470: 2465: 2458: 2453: 2446: 2441: 2439: 2432:, p. 13. 2431: 2426: 2424: 2416: 2415:Kleineke 2007 2411: 2409: 2401: 2396: 2390:, p. 26. 2389: 2384: 2382: 2374: 2369: 2362: 2357: 2351:, p. 95. 2350: 2345: 2343: 2335: 2330: 2328: 2326: 2324: 2322: 2320: 2318: 2310: 2305: 2298: 2297:Matusiak 2012 2293: 2286: 2285:Matusiak 2012 2281: 2275:, p. 52. 2274: 2269: 2262: 2257: 2255: 2253: 2246:, p. 16. 2245: 2240: 2233: 2228: 2221: 2220:Kleineke 2015 2216: 2214: 2212: 2204: 2199: 2192: 2187: 2180: 2175: 2168: 2167:Kleineke 2015 2163: 2161: 2153: 2148: 2141: 2136: 2129: 2124: 2122: 2120: 2118: 2116: 2114: 2112: 2110: 2108: 2106: 2104: 2096: 2091: 2089: 2087: 2085: 2077: 2072: 2070: 2068: 2066: 2064: 2062: 2060: 2058: 2056: 2054: 2046: 2041: 2039: 2031: 2026: 2024: 2022: 2020: 2018: 2016: 2014: 2012: 2010: 2008: 2001:, p. 16. 2000: 1995: 1989:, p. 76. 1988: 1983: 1976: 1971: 1969: 1967: 1959: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1938: 1936: 1934: 1932: 1930: 1928: 1926: 1924: 1922: 1920: 1918: 1916: 1914: 1912: 1910: 1908: 1906: 1904: 1902: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1894: 1892: 1890: 1888: 1886: 1884: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1876: 1874: 1872: 1870: 1868: 1866: 1864: 1862: 1860: 1853:, p. 99. 1852: 1847: 1843: 1830: 1824: 1817: 1811: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1789: 1782: 1776: 1766: 1759: 1755: 1749: 1742: 1737: 1731: 1722: 1714: 1708: 1701: 1697: 1691: 1684: 1678: 1670: 1664: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1636:Welsh marches 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1614: 1607: 1601: 1594: 1590: 1584: 1577: 1571: 1564: 1560: 1554: 1545: 1538: 1534: 1533:Rowena Archer 1530: 1526: 1519: 1512: 1506: 1497: 1490: 1489:Margaret Grey 1484: 1482: 1477: 1469: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1441: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1414: 1410: 1405: 1395: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1366: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1355:Yorkist lords 1352: 1348: 1347:Act of Accord 1344: 1339: 1337: 1333: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1307: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1283: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1267: 1265: 1264:Clyst St Mary 1261: 1257: 1253: 1252:Michael Hicks 1249: 1245: 1233: 1227: 1221: 1219: 1215: 1210: 1206: 1201: 1197: 1192: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1158: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1143: 1140: 1130: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1078:Exeter Castle 1075: 1073: 1067: 1063: 1062: 1057: 1052: 1051:A. J. Pollard 1048: 1044: 1039: 1037: 1034:and his wife 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1009: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 986: 981: 977: 973: 968: 966: 962: 957: 953: 949: 945: 941: 937: 928: 923: 914: 912: 908: 904: 900: 895: 891: 887: 883: 879: 875: 871: 865: 863: 859: 855: 837: 829: 825: 821: 814: 807: 804: 801: 797: 793: 789: 785: 774: 764: 762: 758: 753: 749: 744: 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 718: 714: 710: 705: 701: 697: 693: 687: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 644: 642: 638: 634: 630: 626: 617: 608: 606: 605: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 567: 565: 561: 557: 556:East Midlands 553: 549: 544: 543:Martin Cherry 540: 525: 504: 494: 490: 489: 488: 485: 483: 479: 475: 471: 470:consanguinity 467: 463: 459: 455: 450: 444: 440: 437: 433: 430: 426: 423: 419: 418: 417: 415: 411: 407: 403: 402:Margaret Grey 393: 391: 390:J. S. Roskell 387: 383: 379: 375: 371: 370:King Henry IV 367: 362: 360: 356: 352: 348: 343: 339: 335: 326: 322: 320: 312: 308: 304: 300: 297: 293: 283: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 255: 253: 249: 245: 240: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 193: 189: 180: 176: 172: 168: 161: 158: 155: 152: 149: 148: 146: 143: 142: 134: 129: 128:Margaret Grey 126: 122: 118: 116: 112: 109: 103: 99: 94: 90: 84: 80: 77: 74: 70: 66: 60: 55: 52: 47: 40: 37: 34:English noble 30: 19: 6062: 5364: 5345: 5328: 5309: 5290: 5271: 5254: 5235: 5214: 5193: 5176: 5157: 5138: 5121: 5102: 5083: 5071:. Retrieved 5062: 5046:. Retrieved 5037: 5021:. Retrieved 5012: 4989: 4972: 4953: 4934: 4915: 4896: 4879: 4875: 4858: 4839: 4820: 4801: 4782: 4763: 4751:. Retrieved 4742: 4739:"hider (n.)" 4726:. Retrieved 4717: 4694: 4675: 4656: 4637: 4618: 4599: 4580: 4561: 4542: 4523: 4504: 4485: 4466: 4447: 4428: 4409: 4384: 4380: 4361: 4344: 4338: 4319: 4300: 4281: 4262: 4243: 4231:. 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While in 539:came of age 349:, he stood 203:during the 89:Shute Manor 6069:Categories 5944:Tewkesbury 5710:Owen Tudor 5435:Tudor rose 4233:22 October 4119:required.) 3940:1006139958 3679:Haigh 2002 3637:Lewis 2013 3598:Hicks 1998 3523:Hicks 1998 3415:Hicks 1991 3388:Hicks 1991 3358:Fryde 1996 3328:Hicks 2002 3201:Hicks 1998 3142:Watts 1996 3082:Jacob 1993 2878:Hicks 1998 2827:Watts 1996 2635:Watts 1996 2481:Grant 2014 2232:Kenny 2003 1851:Burke 1864 1839:References 1816:Dillington 1799:Owen Tudor 1754:puissaunce 1739:economist 1646:which saw 1302:escutcheon 1290:See also: 1155:chancellor 1047:Blackheath 1005:chronicler 894:indentured 870:John Watts 862:bound over 771:See also: 731:(from the 723:, piracy, 721:necromancy 5879:Wakefield 5520:Lancaster 5505:Henry VII 5475:Edward IV 5337:847222345 5263:899104985 5185:468288442 5073:11 August 5023:11 August 4981:797541879 4888:226001020 4867:611653031 4753:15 August 4728:15 August 4401:754650998 4387:: 67–82. 4353:796038480 4134:926878974 4107:11 August 4043:: 71–97. 3967:102328860 3904:224783573 3562:Ross 1994 3463:Orme 1999 3400:Vale 1995 3130:Tuck 1999 3106:MED 2014b 3094:MED 2014a 2695:Vale 1970 2671:Vale 1970 2584:Ward 2016 2400:Ross 2011 1716:Cromwell. 1696:parlement 1606:jointures 1445:attainder 1434:Powderham 1426:male line 1398:Aftermath 1300:Heraldic 1276:civil war 1212:son—also 1151:protector 1098:River Exe 997:besieging 940:favourite 917:1440–1453 886:Avranches 778:1437–1440 729:desertion 725:extortion 696:enclosing 680:Le Crotoy 648:executors 595:Yelverton 583:remainder 548:Wiltshire 429:Powderham 355:patrimony 351:godparent 296:Courtenay 72:Successor 6052:Category 5978:See also 5859:Sandwich 5485:Edward V 5465:Henry VI 5457:Monarchs 5365:Henry VI 5067:Archived 5042:Archived 5017:Archived 4747:Archived 4722:Archived 1624:Nevilles 1622:and the 1422:entailed 1413:suo jure 1387:beheaded 1106:Dartmoor 1028:Colcombe 993:sixpence 980:en route 903:en route 899:Normandy 737:felonies 641:Normandy 591:courtesy 374:wardship 342:Somerset 303:retainer 280:beheaded 244:Henry VI 119:Bonville 5919:Edgcote 5904:Piltown 5874:Worksop 5130:1367922 4657:Henry V 4049:6001787 3811:Sources 1628:Stanley 1620:Percies 1537:dowager 1424:in the 1351:pillage 1096:of the 1074:Project 1020:loveday 954:. 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William Bonville, 1st Baron Bonville

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