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William Clayton (architect)

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479: 288:. However, its construction was postponed when the government was unable to obtain the site that had been chosen for the building. By the late 1860s the gold boom was over in Otago and with work in Dunedin declining Mason and Clayton dissolved their partnership in 1868. While the economy was stagnant there was a large unfulfilled requirement throughout the country for public buildings. Looking around for work, Clayton proposed to the Colonial Secretary in October 1868 that he complete the design and call tenderers for Government House. His offer was accepted. Following delivery of his plans in January 1969 he was hired on 16 February of that same year to supervise construction of the building. 692: 638: 1065: 362: 882: 377: 322:
staff. Among the appointments were William Beatson (1807–70) and Pierre Finch Martineau Burrows (1842–1920). Following his move to Wellington Clayton designed a house on Hobson Street which, when it was finished in 1874, was the first concrete house in New Zealand and the first house to have hot and cold running water. In carrying out his duties Clayton travelled widely, visiting Auckland, Tauranga, Gisborne, Napier and Nelson in 1875, and undertaking a major tour of the South Island in 1876.
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structures and railway stations. Generally, he was responsible for Auckland and Wellington government houses, parliament buildings, court houses, customs houses, departmental offices, prisons, police stations, post offices, as well as maintenance of public domains. Clayton's appointment coincided with the start of the extensive public work schemes of his son-in-law
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want to live in such grandeur the building was for a time used as a trainee dental clinic. After coming under threat of demolition it was saved and restored in 1990 and is today the official home of the prime minister of New Zealand. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category I status in 1988.
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cover all works or contracts up to £200 and a commission of 2.5% on contracts exceeding that amount, with the right to maintain a private practice. Following his appointment, Clayton wound up his affairs in Dunedin and together with his family departed from Dunedin for Wellington on 12 May 1869 on board the
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This small wooden building was constructed by September 1865behind the New Zealand Parliament. was built. A wing was subsequently added in 1868 and further additions were made in 1871 and 1873. The Colonial Museum became known as the Dominion Museum in 1907. The museum moved from the building when
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the following day. His wife who was in England visiting their daughter Mary Vogel at the time of his death returned to New Zealand to settle her husband's estate and then returned to London where she spent the rest of her life. Following Clayton's death, his chief draughtsman Pierre Finch Martineau
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from 1873 to 1875. These projects, on top of the existing backlog, created a large workload for Clayton who began working with people only appointed for only short periods to support him in line with fluctuating work demands. To assist in the quick design and construction of smaller public buildings
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Clayton's first involvement with Wellington was when Mason & Clayton received the commission to design the Colonial Museum. Subsequently, the partnership received the commission in 1865 to design Government House in Wellington. While Mason was involved in the selection of the site it was Clayton
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At the age of 16 Henry received a land grant in Tasmania, which enabled him to become a prosperous businessman by the time his son William was born. As well as land holdings, by the 1840s Henry also owned several flour mills and owned or chartered ships which he used to export flour from his mills
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The original privately owned house was purchased in 1865 to become the official residence of the nation's Premier. Clayton designed an addition which is substantially the two storied, late Victorian Italianate style timber building that is seen today. As prime minister Michael Joseph Savage didn't
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In April 1869 agreement was reached for Clayton to take up the post of Colonial Architect and Superintendent of Public Works, reporting to the Colonial Secretary, E. W. Stafford. Based in Wellington, his office was to be called the Colonial Architect's Department. He was to be paid £200 a year to
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This large timber mansion designed by Clayton in the Italianate style was lived in by successive Governors until it was taken for use as the Parliamentary Debating Chamber after the 1907 fire that destroyed the neighbouring General Assembly building. After that, the house became the Parliamentary
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In his first financial year (1869–70) in the role Clayton reported he earned £1,161.11.0. In 1871 the government forced him to agree to a salary of £700 though Clayton insisted on claiming the right to maintain a private practice (due to his concerns about the insecurity of his position). On one
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In October 1873 Clayton's office was transferred at his urging to the newly established Public Works Department as its Colonial Architect's Branch, with Clayton reporting to the Engineer-in-Chief of the department. The transfer of his office allowed Clayton to appoint his first permanent 'core'
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This Italianate style building combining classical and Venetian Gothic elements was designed by William Clayton in conjunction with P.F.M Burrows. The design was completed in January 1877 and the foundation stone was laid three months before Clayton's death. It was given Heritage New Zealand
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It was initially envisaged that Clayton's office would be responsible for the design of all new government buildings and overseeing their construction as well as making additions and repairs to existing buildings but later some building-types were later excluded, such as lighthouses, defence
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Clayton bought land from Maori at Pipitea Pa and built his own house, which he constructed of concrete, possibly making it the first concrete dwelling in Wellington. It also had hot and cold running water, another novelty. Following Clayton's death it was sold to Thomas Coldham Williams who
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William was educated at the local exclusive Longford Hall Academy, where he won prizes in geography, French, Latin and mathematics. As Henry Clayton wanted his son to have the benefits of higher education, the family moved to England, departing on 28 March 1840 on the
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Commissioned in 1863 this was Clayton's first major project in New Zealand. When Clayton became a partner of William Mason, he brought with him this commission. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category I status in 2012.
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The William Clayton Building at 133 Molesworth Street in Wellington was originally named after him. Designed by the Government Architect for the Government Office Accommodation Board, it opened in 1983. It has subsequently been renamed.
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In 1877 Clayton travelled south to Christchurch and Dunedin to value the buildings of the former old provincial councils. While in Dunedin an old ankle injury gave trouble and an abscess developed which became so infected that Dr
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Following the issue of tenders in November 1873 the building was constructed between 1874 and 1875. The courthouse survived the 1931 Napier earthquake. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category II status in 1990.
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Constructed of Oamaru limestone. By the early 1880s the building was too small and its duties were transferred to a new larger building in October 1884. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category I status in 1988.
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Clayton designed this townhouse for the Fulton family. It features very steeply gabled roof with multiple rooflines and polychromatic brickwork. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category I status in 1988.
272:, practicing under the name of Mason and Clayton. Over the next six years Clayton designed 84 buildings. Among the most prominent buildings were the Oamaru Post Office (1864), the Colonial Museum (1864) in Wellington, 325:
During Clayton's period as Colonial Architect he designed and saw to completion 180 buildings, with 80 of them being post and telegraph offices. He designed many public buildings in Wellington, including the old
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Considered one of New Zealand's most important historic buildings it was until 1998 the world's second largest timber office building. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category I status in 1982.
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arriving in Dunedin on 29 April 1863. His wife and six children followed soon after. Initially he practiced on his own account before entering into a partnership in 1864 with existing well-established architect
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Upon his return to Tasmania Clayton worked in the Government Survey Office from 1851 to 1855 before setting up in private practice in Launceston. Clayton is credited with the design of some 300 structures in
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The nave of this Anglican church was designed by Clayton and built in 1865, while the transepts and chancel which were added in 1873 were designed by William Mason.
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occasion he threatened to resign when he received criticism over it. It wasn't until 1876 that he finally relinquished the right to engage in private practice.
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1850, St Mark's, Deloraine 1860, and Chalmers Church, Launceston 1860), three banks, a theatre, three mills, breweries, mansions, villas, five bridges, and the
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This single-storey building was built of kauri with a steeply pitched gabled roof. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category I status in 1983.
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Tenders for a new courthouse were called in 1876 and then again in March 1877. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category I status in 2003.
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Single-storey, gabled shingle roofed kauri timber Italianate styled building. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category II status in 1982.
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restaurant, Bellamy's, until it was demolished in 1969 to make way for the present Executive Wing of Parliament Buildings, also known as the Beehive.
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tenderers for its construction were called in January 1875. The Telegraph Office moved into the upper floor of the eastern wing on the 15 July 1876.
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This building which used Clayton's generic Gothic government building was subsequently destroyed by fire. It was replaced by a new building in 1915.
1406:(Doctor of Philosophy in Art History). Christchurch: University of Canterbury. pp. 194, 195, 197, 199, 202, 203, 206, 207, 210, 214, 241, 267. 1017:
The building now houses the Port Chalmers' Regional Maritime Museum. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category I status in 1983.
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who was attending him, strongly advised amputation. Seven days after his foot was amputated Clayton died of exhaustion at 4am on 23 August 1877.
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This was a bond store, where imported goods were kept prior to the payment of the appropriate duties. The building was demolished in 1983.
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This was based upon Clayton's standard court house design. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place category 2 status in 2008.
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This two-storey building was constructed largely of kauri. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category I status in 2007.
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Clayton developed standard designs featuring timber construction, steep roofs with deeply overhanging gables and standard windows.
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Designed by Clayton in the Gothic Revival style, the foundation stone was laid in 1856 and the church was consecrated in 1860.
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transformed it into a grand mansion, complete with Italianate tower. In 1916 it became the home of Scots College and then
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Designed by Clayton just before his death. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category I status in 1983.
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Following his marriage in 1847 in England, Clayton and his wife Emily departed for Tasmania, arriving on 7 March 1848.
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Clayton married Emily Mary Samson on 7 October 1847 in Clapham, Surrey. William and Mary had the following children:
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Attracted by the gold rushes which had brought new prosperity to Dunedin, Clayton emigrated to New Zealand on the
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Mary “Polly” Clayton (18 February 1849 – 12 August 1933). On 19 March 1867 she married her parents' neighbour
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Burrows took over running of the office, though he was never appointed to the position of Colonial Architect.
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Among the buildings which Clayton personally designed, collaborated on or supervised the design of are:
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from 1919 onwards. It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category II status in 1982.
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Designed in 1856, with the foundation stone laid in 1857. The building was demolished in 1971.
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The Public Building in Launceston (1860), which was constructed of brick with richly-modelled
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By Design: A brief history of the Public Works Department, Ministry of Works 1870-1870
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who eventually took the lead role with his design being preferred by the Premier,
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Designed by Clayton and completed following his death. As of 2019 it houses the
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This was designed and gifted by Clayton to his draughter Mary and her husband.
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Frances Clayton (born in about 1852). Married Montagu Charles Lamb Pym in 1875.
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It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category II status in 1986.
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Built for Us: The Work of Government and Colonial Architects, 1860s to 1860s
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The Cyclopedia of New Zealand – Wellington Provincial District: Introduction
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Built for Us: The Work of Government and Colonial Architects, 1860s to 1860s
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It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category I status in 2019.
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It was given Heritage New Zealand historic place Category I status in 1990.
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classical in style, was the most ambitious and lavish of his secular works.
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Among Friends: middle-class Tasmanians who moved to New Zealand, 1855–1875
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A belltower designed by Clayton was added in 1859 to the existing church.
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Building the Dominion: Government Architecture in New Zealand 1840-1822
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Building the Dominion: Government Architecture in New Zealand 1840-1822
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and Parliament buildings, but he is best known for designing the
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Kate Emily Clayton (27 January 1860– ). Married Alfred Nathan.
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Designed in 1849 with construction starting that same year.
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and the second-largest wooden building in the world (behind
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New Zealand architecture from Polynesian beginnings to 1990
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The building was demolished in 2011 due to damage from the
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Corner of Finnimore Terrace and Dransfield Road, Wellington
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Herbert Mason Clayton (5 December 1864– ). Born in Dunedin.
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Raupo to Deco: Wellington Styles and Architects 1840–1940
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1–33 Dowling Street and 152, 158 Princes Street, Dunedin
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in 1865 Mason reduced his involvement in the practice.
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Black, Jane; Kelly, Michael; Cochran, Chris (2008),
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Corner of Oxford Street and Norwich Quay, Lyttelton
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Corner of Frederick and St John Streets, Launceston
309:who became colonial treasurer in June 1969 and was 1845: 1567:. Australian Decorative & Fine Arts Societies 550:Corner of St John and Cameron Streets, Launceston 534:Corner of St John and Cameron Streets, Launceston 2369: 2230:(Hardback). Dunedin: University of Otago Press. 1539:"History of the Launceston Mechanics' Institute" 392:He was buried in block 116 plot 12 in Dunedin's 2328:(Hardback). Wellington: A. H & A. W. Reed. 2309:(Hardback). Auckland: Hodder & Stoughton. 2289:"The government architect's office: 1857-1842" 1392: 1390: 1388: 2268:. Wellington: AR Shearer, Government Printer. 1386: 1384: 1382: 1380: 1378: 1376: 1374: 1372: 1370: 1368: 1092:361 Great King Street, North Dunedin, Dunedin 646:776 Cumberland Street, North Dunedin, Dunedin 2304: 666:a new museum was opened on Mt Cook in 1936. 2300:. Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. 2298:"Public buildings – State-sector buildings" 2244: 1308: 830:2, 4, 6, 8 Elbe Street, Mornington, Dunedin 173: 2272: 2204:. Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1396: 1365: 1290:. Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1077:historic place Category I status in 1985. 28: 2323: 2219:William Henry Clayton, colonial architect 2087:"Former Chief Post Office – Christchurch" 1825:"Caversham Immigration Barracks (Former)" 1323:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t018078 1203: 1201: 1199: 1197: 1195: 1193: 1191: 1189: 1187: 1185: 1183: 1181: 1179: 1177: 178:William was born on 17 November 1823, at 166:. He was New Zealand's first (and only) 2295: 2216: 2199: 1585: 1422:New Zealand Heritage List/Rārangi Kōrero 1285: 1232: 1175: 1173: 1171: 1169: 1167: 1165: 1163: 1161: 1159: 1157: 938:Invercargill Post & Telegraph Office 605:29 Moray Place; Tennyson Street, Dunedin 375: 360: 2249:(Hardback). Wellington: Steel Roberts. 1867:"Queen Margaret College Tower Building" 1462: 1460: 1281: 1279: 1277: 890:260 Tinakori Road, Thorndon, Wellington 422:William Henry Clayton (17 July 1857– ). 251:from 1857 to 1863, and was appointed a 241:Royal Victorian Institute of Architects 186:which reached New South Wales in 1803. 2370: 2291:. New Zealand Institute of Architects. 2286: 2263: 2225: 1696: 1513: 1275: 1273: 1271: 1269: 1267: 1265: 1263: 1261: 1259: 1257: 1207: 862:53 Hobson Street, Thorndon, Wellington 495:Belltower, St Andrew's Anglican Church 332:Old Government Buildings in Wellington 214:, including five churches (among them 2305:Shaw, Peter; Morrison, Robin (1991). 2245:Mew, Geoff; Humphris, Adrian (2014). 2021:"Port Chalmer's Post Office (Former)" 1761:. Lakes District Museum & Gallery 1590:. Organ Historical Trust of Australia 1536: 1154: 586:15 Lisburn Avenue, Caversham, Dunedin 291: 258: 190:to New Zealand and bring back cargo. 2403:Burials at Dunedin Northern Cemetery 2326:Colonial architecture in New Zealand 2131:"Dunedin North Post Office (Former)" 1559: 1516:"Great bones: 133 Molesworth Street" 1457: 366:Old Government Buildings, Wellington 133:Old Government Buildings, Wellington 2398:19th-century New Zealand architects 1432: 1335: 1254: 1022:Lyttelton Post and Telegraph Office 998:61 Main Road, Havelock, Marlborough 743:Arrowtown Post and Telegraph Office 13: 2193: 1348:The Companion to Tasmanian History 1341: 358:, a Category I heritage building. 14: 2414: 2343: 1541:. Launceston Mechanics' Institute 1073:31 Cathedral Square, Christchurch 727:Mataura Post and Telegraph Office 112:Mary McLaughlan and Henry Clayton 2349: 1063: 880: 775:Foxton Post and Telegraph Office 690: 636: 477: 400: 336:New Zealand Parliament Buildings 2221:(MA). University of Canterbury. 2217:Crighton, Shirley Anne (1985). 2167: 2145: 2123: 2101: 2079: 2057: 2035: 2013: 1991: 1977:"Government Buildings (Former)" 1969: 1947: 1925: 1903: 1881: 1859: 1839: 1817: 1795: 1773: 1751: 1735: 1713: 1697:Barsby, Ann (15 October 2015). 1690: 1668: 1646: 1624: 1602: 1579: 1553: 1530: 1514:Harvey, Justin (4 April 2017). 1507: 1485: 1059:Chief Post Office, Christchurch 526:Launceston Mechanics' Institute 223:Launceston Mechanics' Institute 137:Chief Post Office, Christchurch 98: 1410: 1302: 1226: 1132: 1014:19 Beach Street, Port Chalmers 822:Caversham Immigration Barracks 1: 2296:Schrader, Ben (29 May 2012). 1803:"Reefton Courthouse (Former)" 1676:"Oamaru Post Office (Former)" 1125: 718:Molesworth Street, Wellington 487:36 St John Street, Launceston 2109:"Chief Post Office (Former)" 1933:"Napier Courthouse (Former)" 1911:"Naseby Courthouse (Former)" 1889:"Prime Minister's Residence" 1654:"Dunedin Synagogue (Former)" 1418:"Chief Post Office (Former)" 1112: 1088: 1069: 1046: 1035:2011 Christchurch earthquake 1026: 1010: 994: 977: 958: 942: 922: 903: 886: 858: 842: 826: 817:This is now a squash court. 810: 794: 779: 763: 747: 731: 714: 709:Government House, Wellington 696: 675: 658: 642: 618: 601: 582: 562: 546: 530: 515: 511:Chalmers Presbyterian Church 499: 483: 435: 239:Clayton was a member of the 125:St Andrew's Kirk, Launceston 7: 2393:New Zealand public servants 2356:William Clayton (architect) 2264:Noonan, Rosslyn J. (1875). 1317:, Oxford University Press, 1309:Mané-Wheoki, J. N. (2003), 981:55 Lambton Quay, Wellington 632:All Saints' Church, Dunedin 274:All Saints' Church, Dunedin 204: 158:who practised initially in 129:All Saints' Church, Dunedin 10: 2419: 2273:Richardson, Peter (1897). 1721:"Excelsior Hotel (Former)" 1397:Richardson, Peter (1897). 346:). An important design in 2226:Martin, Lewis E. (2004). 1849:Thorndon Heritage Project 1208:Martin, Lewis E. (2004). 1083:Dunedin North Post Office 1006:Port Chalmers Post Office 806:Burnham Industrial School 798:47 Bridge Street, Reefton 738:This no longer survives. 662:Museum Street, Wellington 558:St Mark's Anglican Church 428:Leonard Clayton (1862– ). 247:, served as a Launceston 142: 120: 116: 108: 85: 77: 58: 36: 27: 20: 2324:Stacpoole, John (1976). 2202:"Clayton, William Henry" 1493:"Clayton, William Henry" 1311:"Clayton, William Henry" 1288:"Clayton, William Henry" 962:4 Parnell Street, Rawene 622:12 Thames Street, Oamaru 444: 419:George Clayton (1853– ). 371: 174:Early life and education 2200:Crighton, Anna (1993). 1759:"Post Office – History" 1586:Maidment, John (2011). 1344:"Mechanics' Institutes" 1286:Crighton, Anna (1993). 1233:Paterson, Jean (2015). 1050:14 North Street, Timaru 553:Constructed 1859–1860. 2177:. Heritage New Zealand 2133:. Heritage New Zealand 2111:. Heritage New Zealand 2067:. Heritage New Zealand 2023:. Heritage New Zealand 2001:. Heritage New Zealand 1999:"Post Office (Former)" 1979:. Heritage New Zealand 1957:. Heritage New Zealand 1935:. Heritage New Zealand 1913:. Heritage New Zealand 1891:. Heritage New Zealand 1869:. Heritage New Zealand 1827:. Heritage New Zealand 1805:. Heritage New Zealand 1783:. Heritage New Zealand 1781:"Customhouse (Former)" 1723:. Heritage New Zealand 1678:. Heritage New Zealand 1656:. Heritage New Zealand 1634:. Heritage New Zealand 1562:"Mechanics' Institute" 1560:Mann, Maureen (2012). 1495:. Dunedin City Council 1352:University of Tasmania 868:Queen Margaret College 767:37 The Strand, Russell 381: 368: 2175:"Courthouse (Former)" 1955:"Courthouse (Former)" 1116:69 Rue Lavaud, Akaroa 814:Burnham Military Camp 379: 364: 149:William Henry Clayton 22:William Henry Clayton 2388:People from Tasmania 2358:at Wikimedia Commons 2155:. Akaroa Civic Trust 1426:Heritage New Zealand 990:Havelock Post Office 971:Government Buildings 679:Bond Street, Dunedin 253:justice of the peace 2287:Richardson, Peter. 2153:"Former Courthouse" 1701:. Otago Daily Times 1537:Whitfield, Ernest. 1097:H. D. Skinner Annex 907:18 Derwent Street, 783:Main Street, Foxton 759:Russell Customhouse 567:Deloraine, Tasmania 380:Clayton's headstone 334:, then part of the 2045:. Lyttelton Museum 1518:. Architecture Now 1444:New Zealand Herald 1440:"Telegraphic News" 926:59 Marine Parade, 790:Reefton Courthouse 614:Oamaru Post Office 382: 369: 292:Colonial architect 259:New Zealand career 168:Colonial Architect 2354:Media related to 2335:978-05-8900-930-4 2316:978-03-4053-320-8 2256:978-19-2724-256-8 1472:New Zealand Times 1315:Oxford Art Online 1142:. 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Index


Norfolk Plains
Dunedin
St Andrew's Kirk, Launceston
All Saints' Church, Dunedin
Old Government Buildings, Wellington
Chief Post Office, Christchurch
colonial
architect
Tasmania
New Zealand
Colonial Architect
Norfolk Plains
Tasmania
Launceston's
St Andrew's Kirk
Launceston Mechanics' Institute
freestone
Italianate
Royal Victorian Institute of Architects
Melbourne
Alderman
justice of the peace
William Mason
All Saints' Church, Dunedin
mayor of Dunedin
Frederick Weld
Julius Vogel
Premier
Government House

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