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397:. Typically titlebars can be used to provide window motion enabling the window to be moved around the screen by using a drag action. Some window managers provide titlebars which are purely for decorative purposes and offer no window motion facility. These window managers do not allow windows to be moved around the screen by using a drag action on the titlebar.
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and part of the window decoration provided by some window managers. As a convention, it is located at the top of the window as a horizontal bar. The titlebar is typically used to display the name of the application or the name of the open document, and may provide title bar buttons for minimizing,
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Windows usually include other graphical objects, possibly including a menu-bar, toolbars, controls, icons and often a working area. In the working area, the document, image, folder contents or other main object is displayed. Around the working area, within the bounding window, there may be other
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enabling the window to be moved or resized by dragging the border. Some window managers provide useless borders which are purely for decorative purposes and offer no window motion facility. These window managers do not allow windows to be resized by using a drag action on the border.
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Some window managers display a small icon in the titlebar that may vary according to the application on which it appears. The titlebar icon may behave like a menu button, or may provide a context menu facility. macOS applications commonly have a proxy
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Some window managers provide titlebar buttons which provide the facility to minimize, maximize, roll-up or close application windows. Some window managers may display the titlebar buttons in the taskbar or taskpanel, rather than in the titlebars.
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was developing Office applications for the Mac at that time. Some speculate that this gave them access to Apple's OS before it was released and thus influenced the design of the windowing system in what would eventually be called
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in the title bar. This makes it unnecessary to use the main window for the tabs, but usually results in the title becoming truncated. An asterisk at its beginning may be used to signify unsaved changes.
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Some window managers display an icon or symbol to indicate that the contents of the window have not been saved or confirmed in some way: macOS displays a dot in the center of its close button;
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provide title bars which are purely for informative purposes and offer no controls or menus. These window managers do not allow windows to be moved around the screen by using a
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maximizing, closing or rolling up of application windows. These functions are typically placed in the top-right of the screen to allow fast and inaccurate inputs through
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In the predominant layout for modern window decorations, the top bar contains the title of that window and buttons which perform windowing-related actions such as:
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The border exists primarily to allow the user to resize the window, but also to create a visual separation between the window's contents and the rest of the
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Xerox PARC debuts the first GUI, which uses icons, pop-up menus, and overlapping windows that can be controlled easily using a point-and-click technique.
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Typical elements of a window. The window decoration is drawn by an OS-level process such as a window manager. The drawing of the content is the task of
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for example in many web browsers, can make several similar documents or main objects available within a single main application window. Some windows in
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Any window can be split into the window decoration and the window's content, although some systems purposely eschew window decoration as a form of
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284:, usually along the top of each window and a minimal border around the other three sides. On Microsoft Windows this is called "non-client area".
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127:). Their earliest systems supported multiple windows, but there was no obvious way to indicate boundaries between them (such as window borders,
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Many X window managers for Unix-like systems allow customization of the type and placement of buttons shown in the title bar.
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had worked with PARC briefly at that time. Apple developed an interface based on PARC's interface. It was first used on
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smaller window areas, sometimes called panes or panels, showing relevant information or options. The working area of a
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uses the term "window" to refer to an area within its display while a traditional window, such as controlled by an
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have a feature called a drawer, which is a pane that slides out the side of the window and to show extra options.
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Example of windows on a text-only display. Each grey-bordered area is a separate window showing a different file.
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Default title-bar text often incorporates the name of the application and/or of its developer. The name of the
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Buttons are on the left side of the title bar. Icon is a proxy for the document's filesystem representation.
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Windows are primarily associated with graphical displays, where they can be manipulated with a
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next to the window title that functions the same as the document's icon in the file manager.
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is a window decoration component provided by some window managers, that appears around the
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and some systems allow for customization of the colors, styles and animation effects used.
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84:. Text windows are usually controlled by keyboard, though some also respond to the mouse.
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246:"Window decoration" redirects here. For drapery, shades, shutters, etc., see
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This article is about the interface element. For the operating system, see
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in their title bar, sometimes pre- or postfixed by the application name.
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options – depending on the computing environment) may exist to give the
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buttons; and may include other content such as an application icon, a
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some control of title-bar text. Document-oriented applications like a
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157:", which stands for window, icon, menu, pointer, was coined at PARC.
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Windows are two dimensional objects arranged on a plane called the
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A graphical user interface (GUI) using windows as one of its main "
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may be available from some titlebar buttons or by right-clicking.
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running the application also appears frequently. Various methods (
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Window decorations are considered important for the design of the
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947:"PARC History - A Legacy Of Innovation And Inventing The Future"
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949:. Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated. 19 October 2023.
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action on the titlebar and may also serve the purpose of a
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356:. Some window managers may also display a border around
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for system commands relating to the window, such as a
49:. It consists of a visual area containing some of the
522:The following buttons may appear in the titlebar:
360:. Typically window borders can be used to provide
27:Visual area containing some kind of user interface
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53:of the program it belongs to and is framed by a
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200:holds only one main object. "Child windows" in
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250:. For cover or modification of a window, see
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502:interfaces, the user may move a window by
280:Window decoration typically consists of a
1498:List of graphical user interface elements
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215:Applications that can run either under a
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337:draw a border around the windows, while
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231:window manager, is called a "frame".
953:from the original on 3 December 2023
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432:of the document being edited. Most
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150:). They used overlapping windows.
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1559:Graphical user interface elements
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95:, whose main components are the
1048:from the original on 2024-06-03
1009:from the original on 2009-09-07
1003:"A History of the GUI (Part 5)"
983:from the original on 2009-09-08
977:"A History of the GUI (Part 4)"
928:from the original on 2009-09-08
922:"A History of the GUI (Part 2)"
902:from the original on 2009-09-18
896:"A History of the GUI (Part 1)"
876:from the original on 2009-09-08
870:"A History of the GUI (Part 3)"
811:Icon is menu of window actions
599:from stacking window managers.
273:is a part of a window in most
223:may use different terminology.
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119:The idea was developed at the
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1:
1042:"Nonclient Area - Win32 apps"
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463:The title bar often contains
183:
1245:Head-up display in computing
603:In popular operating systems
202:multiple document interfaces
7:
817:
368:
339:compositing window managers
153:During the 1980s the term "
121:Stanford Research Institute
10:
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1554:Graphical control elements
1094:Graphical control elements
839:Human interface guidelines
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76:by employing some kind of
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492:graphical user interfaces
390:graphical control element
198:single document interface
47:graphical control element
834:Graphical user interface
335:Stacking window managers
217:graphical user interface
51:graphical user interface
1533:Zoomable user interface
1001:Reimer, Jeremy (2005).
975:Reimer, Jeremy (2005).
920:Reimer, Jeremy (2005).
894:Reimer, Jeremy (2005).
868:Reimer, Jeremy (2005).
639:Roll-up (Window shade)
36:Window (disambiguation)
1338:Client-side decoration
824:Client-Side Decoration
589:tiling window managers
583:Tiling window managers
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134:Research continued at
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34:. For other uses, see
1416:Breadcrumb navigation
451:and some versions of
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567:Document status icon
440:the contents of the
412:, setup parameters,
263:application software
309:desktop environment
221:text user interface
1275:Progress indicator
1250:HUD in video games
633:Pin (Keep on top)
506:the title bar and
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358:background windows
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345:around the windows
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142:Research Center /
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1388:Window decoration
1343:Disclosure widget
1147:Data input-output
1108:Adjustment handle
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500:Microsoft Windows
275:windowing systems
271:window decoration
242:Window decoration
178:Microsoft Windows
125:Douglas Engelbart
61:of and may allow
55:window decoration
32:Microsoft Windows
18:Window decoration
16:(Redirected from
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1486:Related concepts
1467:Inspector window
1452:Alert dialog box
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1348:Frame / Fieldset
1128:Hamburger button
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1005:. Ars Technica.
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844:WIMP (computing)
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514:Titlebar buttons
494:, including the
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424:may display the
410:escape sequences
395:barrier pointing
379:GNOME Calculator
320:operating system
252:Window treatment
190:desktop metaphor
93:windowing system
41:In computing, a
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1123:Drop-down list
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1280:Progress bar
1240:Balloon help
1199:Radio button
1194:List builder
1169:Cycle button
1159:Color picker
1118:Context menu
1050:. Retrieved
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1011:. Retrieved
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646:Context menu
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548:context menu
546:Note that a
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538:Roll-up (or
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442:HTML element
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118:
86:
71:
62:
58:
42:
40:
1493:File viewer
1462:File dialog
1411:Address bar
1174:Date picker
597:status line
575:appends an
540:WindowShade
422:text editor
343:drop shadow
171:computers.
1548:Categories
1457:Dialog box
1321:Containers
1302:Status bar
1209:Search box
1052:2024-06-03
1013:2009-09-14
987:2009-09-14
957:8 December
932:2009-09-14
906:2009-09-14
880:2009-09-14
855:References
236:minimalism
184:Properties
167:and later
129:title bars
1518:Scrolling
1513:Mouseover
1421:Hyperlink
1395:Workspace
1333:Tree view
1328:Accordion
1204:Scrollbar
1179:Grid view
1164:Combo box
1028:"Unknown"
656:Unix-like
630:Minimize
622:Maximize
282:title bar
225:GNU Emacs
173:Microsoft
169:Macintosh
140:Palo Alto
131:, etc.).
89:metaphors
67:processes
1441:Special
1353:Menu bar
1290:Throbber
1224:Text box
1189:List box
1154:Checkbox
1138:Pie menu
1046:Archived
1007:Archived
981:Archived
951:Archived
926:Archived
900:Archived
874:Archived
818:See also
626:Menu bar
577:asterisk
532:Minimize
529:Maximize
508:dragging
504:grabbing
490:In many
473:minimize
469:maximize
426:filename
418:end-user
386:Titlebar
369:Titlebar
297:Minimize
294:Maximize
219:or in a
148:Alan Kay
146:(led by
123:(led by
99:and the
1443:windows
1378:Toolbar
1363:Popover
1312:Tooltip
1297:Sidebar
1260:Infobar
1219:Spinner
778:Windows
741:RISC OS
642:Status
636:Resize
573:RISC OS
487:, etc.
465:widgets
303:Roll-up
107:History
74:pointer
1383:Window
1368:Ribbon
1214:Slider
1113:Button
650:Notes
619:Close
535:Resize
496:Mac OS
477:rollup
438:render
318:of an
300:Resize
204:, and
59:output
43:window
1358:Panel
1307:Toast
1265:Label
703:macOS
658:with
613:Icon
587:Some
526:Close
485:clock
481:close
445:title
436:will
388:is a
341:draw
291:Close
210:macOS
161:Apple
136:Xerox
82:Emacs
63:input
45:is a
1528:WIMP
1255:Icon
1133:Menu
959:2023
808:Yes
801:Yes
796:Yes
793:Yes
790:Yes
787:Yes
782:Yes
768:Yes
763:Yes
758:Yes
753:Yes
750:Yes
747:Yes
730:Yes
725:Yes
720:Yes
715:Yes
712:Yes
707:Yes
694:Yes
691:Yes
688:Yes
685:Yes
682:Yes
679:Yes
676:Yes
673:Yes
670:Yes
667:Yes
664:Yes
593:drag
561:icon
498:and
479:and
457:tabs
430:path
406:menu
402:host
384:The
269:The
206:tabs
155:WIMP
144:PARC
1373:Tab
660:X11
610:OS
428:or
229:X11
1550::
1044:.
961:.
510:.
475:,
471:,
311:.
277:.
238:.
180:.
103:.
69:.
1086:e
1079:t
1072:v
1055:.
1030:.
1016:.
990:.
935:.
909:.
883:.
542:)
265:.
254:.
38:.
20:)
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