1014:) decreases, and the rider moves rearward, stepping into the footstraps for improved control. When planing, the board skims on the surface rather than displacing water as it moves. Planing can be achieved at different wind speeds depending on the rider's weight, sail and fin size, wave conditions, and rider ability. With modern equipment planing can normally be achieved at a wind speed of around 12 kn (6 m/s). The transition from displacement motion to planing requires a jump in energy, but once planing, water resistance decreases dramatically. This means that it is possible to continue to plane, although the wind has dropped below a level that would be required to transition to plane. A board in plane can be much smaller than a board moving by displacement (thereby gaining an advantage in gear weight and board control). Lateral resistance to the wind is provided by the fin alone (generating more lift at higher speeds) and a centreboard is no longer used (smaller boards do not have one). A fin generates lift, transferring a strong load to the board, and so is usually constructed of carbon fiber for accurate shape and strength. A low-pressure area develops on the windward side of the fin, which can lead to
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or including Drake. Schweitzer concealed from Drake the somewhat large profits he was beginning to make from selling the boards Drake had invented. Observers close to the situation believe it was always
Schweitzer's plan to keep Drake uniformed of the large profit potential long enough to misrepresent and under value the real worth of the patent so that Schweitzer could buy out Drake's half of the patent for as little as possible. When Drake later discovered Schweitzer's unethical and dishonest actions he was deeply confused and angered. Drake, who trusted Schweitzer and his family, was shocked that his friend would deceive him in this unkind way. Drake originally was not interested in forfeiting his half of the patent. However, Schweitzer and his attorneys would continue for 5 years to aggressively pressure Drake to sell his half of the patent to Windsurfing International in order for Schweitzer to secure a lucrative monopoly on all future royalties.
731:. Wave boards usually have a volume between 65 and 105 liters, with a length between 215 and 235 centimeters, and 50 to 60 centimeters in width. A general rule is for a sailor to use a wave board whose volume in liters is about the same as the sailor's weight in kilograms – more volume providing additional flotation for sailing in light winds, and less for high winds, where less volume is needed to achieve planing. In recent years, the average width of wave boards has increased slightly, as the length has shrunk, while the range of volume has been maintained the same more or less—according to board designers this makes wave boards easier to use under a wider range of conditions by sailors of differing abilities. The most common sizes of sails used with wave boards are in the range of 3.4 to 6.0 square meters, depending on the wind speed and the weight of the sailor.
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239:
273:, one of Drake's family friends, a businessman named Hoyle Schweitzer, became interested in marketing Drake's new invention. As a businessman, Schweitzer imagined the profit potential and encouraged Drake to build a functional prototype for product testing. Later, when Drake's prototype worked, he helped Drake to patent the idea. From the outset, the two men were motivated by different forces. Drake conceptualized, engineered, built and tested the first windsurfer. Schweitzer, while not directly involved in the invention, helped by organizing the business details of patenting, marketing and selling Drake's new craft. As a partnership, Drake came up with the original concept and Schweitzer marketed and sold it. Both men's names appear on the patent.
721:: Related to wave boards in terms of maneuverability, these are wider, higher volume boards geared specifically at performing acrobatic tricks (jumps, rotations, slides, flips and loops) on flat water. Usually 80 to 110 liters in volume, and about 203 to 230 centimeters in length, with widths frequently in excess of 60 centimeters. Freestyle boards began to diverge more noticeably in design from wave boards in the early part of the 2000 decade, as aerial tricks (the Vulcan, Spock, Grubby, Flaka, and related New School maneuvers, almost all involving a jump-and-spin component) became the predominant part of the freestyle repertoire, superseding Old School moves, in which the board did not leave contact with the water.
1269:) competitions in various locations around the world known for conditions suitable for good speeds. The events are made up of heats sailed on a 500m course. The average of each sailor's best 2 speeds on the 500m course, which is typically open for 2 hours per heat, is their speed for that heat. As such it is possible for the sailor with the outright fastest time not to win the heat if his second best time pulls his average down. Points are given for the placings in the heats and the overall event winner is the sailor with the best point score (again not necessarily the fastest sailor). Likewise points are given for places in the events and at the last event a World Speedsurfing Champion is crowned.
290:. He then crafted nearly all of the windsurfer prototype components by hand in his Santa Monica, California home garage in January 1967. He built the wishbone boom, daggerboard and mast foot from laminated strips of teak wood. He custom designed and built a wood press jig for shaping the curve into the wishbone boom. The universal joint was built by reconfiguring a commercially available sailboat swivel joint constructed from heavy duty marine stainless steel with additional teflon components. Drake engineered the custom sail, which was made from Dacron sail cloth and cut and sewn by sail maker Bob Broussard into a triangular
222:. This is a much less efficient and less dynamic sailing position and opposite of how a modern windsurfer is operated. Darby's article stated that "you can learn to master a type of maneuvering that's been dead since the age of the picturesque square riggers". He began selling his sailboards in 1964. The main focus of his company, Darby Industries, was to sell plans such that any school-age child could build one for under $ 50. Rather than building personal wealth, his focus was to introduce youth to the sport of sailing in even very shallow water. A promotional article by Darby was published in the August 1965 edition of
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2527:(FRA): Photographer, and windsurfing adventurer. Best known for his open-ocean windsurfing exploits, and numerous long distance crossings in conflict areas. Lost at sea in November 1984 in the Taiwan Strait. He created the first speedsailing event in 1981, a 40 km race in Maui. 80 competitors participated in the first event, Arnaud de Rosnay finishing second behind Robby Naish. He is also credited with the invention of Kite surfing (1980) and land sailing (Speedsail 1977), even crossing a distance of 1380 km in the Sahara in 1979.
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503:; the court upheld the defendant's claim that the Schweitzer patent was invalid, based on film footage of Chilvers. Schweitzer then sued the company in Canada, where the opposition team again financially backed by Bic included Chilvers and Jim Drake, and Schweitzer lost again. After the cases, no longer obliged to pay Windsurfing International any royalty payments, the now renamed Bic Sport became one of the world's larger producers of windsurfing equipment, with an annual production of 15,000 boards.
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involves the development of reflexes and "muscle memory" similar to the process of learning to ride a bicycle. These skills are typically and optimally done on large, buoyant boards in light winds on flat water. Depending on wind conditions and the skill or intentions of the rider, at some point the sailboard will begin planing, resulting in a rapid increase in speed. This higher speed requires the learning of new skills as the apparent wind changes and the board becomes steerable like a surfboard.
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2601:(USA): first to put a windsurfing sail on a surfboard and sail the famed Hookipa beach on Maui in 1979. This shifted the entire sport from the original 370 cm (12 ft) long boards to the shorter boards ridden today. Mike also hosted Maui's first professional wave sailing and slalom event in 1981, which became the foundation of the windsurfing world tour, and Maui became the mecca for the sport both as a design center and a training ground for professionals.
989:), makes sure the mast foot is placed between his/her two feet, pulls the sail about one third out of the water, lets the wind turn the sail-board combination until he/she has the wind right in the back, pulls the sail all the way out, places the "mast hand" (hand closest to the mast) on the boom, pulls the mast over the center line of the board, places the "sail hand" (hand furthest from the mast) on the boom, then pulling on it to close the sail and power it.
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536:(also part reported in 3 IPR 449 or 2 NSWLR 196), which attributed the first legally accepted use of a split boom to an Australian boy, Richard Eastaugh. Between the ages of ten and thirteen, from 1946 to 1949, aided by his younger brothers, he built around 20 galvanized iron canoes and hill trolleys which he equipped with sails with split bamboo booms. He sailed these in a sitting position and not as a windsurfer standing up, near his home on the
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for them at that time. Drake and his wife Wendy, along with
Schweitzer and his wife Diane worked closely together in their spare time to create a marketable framework for the new sport. Drake and Schweitzer collaborated informally as friends rather than legally bound business partners, as no formal business partnership was ever signed between them. Unexpectedly, Drake was temporarily relocated 2000 miles away to design innovative rocket planes at
2499:(ESP): the successor to Naish, he dominated international professional competition from the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s. Twelve-time PWA Overall World Champion in a row. He won the Professional Windsurfers Association (PWA) World Championships for Slalom, Wave, Course Racing and Overall, a record forty one times in total. He is credited in the Guinness Book of World Records as the most successful athlete of all time with 42 World Titles.
652:: Boards meant for comfortable recreational cruising (mostly straight-line sailing and occasional turning) at planing speed (aka blasting), mainly in flat waters or in light to moderate swell. They typically fall into the volume range of 90 to 170 liters. The so-called freeride sailing movement diverged from course racing as more recreational sailors chose to sail freely without being constrained to sailing on courses around buoys.
195:. Darby filed for a patent but lacked the funds to resubmit. However, he is widely recognized as its inventor as well as the first to conceive, design, and build a sailboard with a universal joint. In his own words, Darby experimented throughout much of the 1950s and 1960s and it was not until 1963 that an improved sailboard with a conventional stayed sloop rig sail arrangement made it more stable than the one built in 1948.
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337:, mast foot, triangular sail and fin. Interestingly, because Drake always envisioned in his mind the sailor standing on the board with the sail in their hands, he originally forgot to include a rope, now called an uphaul, which allows the sailor to pull the sail from the water. His first day on the water was made more difficult without this essential item, but by the second day he had invented that part as well.
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who brought windsurfing to the masses" based on his efforts to promote the
Windsurfer brand's popularity. It was a brief but productive collaboration between a talented engineer and a motivated businessman that together created the modern sport of windsurfing. Drake has stated in various interviews that he recognizes Darby and Chilvers as early sailboard pioneers and sees himself as the sports "re-inventor".
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1102:, fins and sails. The equipment is specifically selected to allow racing in a wide range of sailing conditions. The former Mistral Olympic class was better for youth, women and light weight men. Many women changed classes of Olympic Sailing when the gear was changed from Mistral to RSX. The next class was favoured by middle weight and heavy weight men with the shift to a significantly larger sail size. The
1051:) by positioning the mast perpendicular to the wind, lifting the luff out of the water to allow the wind to catch the sail, and then having the sail pull the sailor onto the board. As the sail becomes powered, it is then trimmed to bring the rider, board, and sail back onto a plane. Occasionally a rider may be unable to waterstart if the wind has dropped. If this happens the rider can wait for a gust and "
2545:(USA): Moved to Maui in 1980, and pioneered several windsurfing maneuvers. He was the first to perform an aerial loop, which was considered impossible by many. The maneuver opened the door to a variety of aerial loop variations, including the push loop and double rotations. While innovation was his main focus, Boyd did defeat World champion, Ken Winner several times at International competitions.
294:. The custom board Drake engineered required a greater amount of displacement volume for floatation than was found in a traditional surfboard so an extra large custom built foam blank was constructed by Gordon "Grubby" Clark of Clark foam and shaped by Jim Drake and Gary Seaman at the Con Surfboard factory in Santa Monica, California. A repurposed hollow fiberglass mast was taken from a small "
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2738:(GBR): One of the top female windsurfers in the 1980s. She was also No 1 British Champion for 10yrs and was the first Briton to obtain and overall World Title. Clare won numerous events around the World until finally settling in Hawaii. She was one of the first women who did forward loops, push loops and was the first person to do a double back loop at Ho'okipa,Maui, Hawaii.
2675:(MOR): 1st PWA event Hawaii Pro wave 2004, 2014 1st AWT Pro Fleet - Starboard Severne Aloha Classic, 9th PWA Starboard Severne Aloha Classic, 2010 ranked 20th overall PWA Wave, 2009 8th Cabo Verde Wave, 2008 ranked 19th overall PWA Wave, 2007 ranked 14th Wave, came 5th in Guincho. 1st Aloha Classic 2014, 2nd IWT Wave Overall Pro Men 2015, 1st IWT Wave Overall Pro Men 2016.
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capable of planing at wind speeds as low as 12 kn (6 m/s) if rigged with an adequate, well-tuned sail in the six to eight square meter range. The pursuit of planing in lower winds has driven the popularity of wider and shorter boards, with which planing is possible in wind as low as 8 kn (4 m/s), if sails in the 10 to 12 square meter range are used.
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foot faces. It breaks only in the winter months from late
October to March. Other famous big wave locations include Nazaré in Portugal. Famous contemporary big wave riders include Kai Lenny, Marcilio Browne, Robby Swift, Sarah Hauser, Jason Polakow, and Robby Naish. The inaugural Big Wave Challenge annojunced the first ever winners in this category on April 10, 2020.
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boards, slalom boards, fun boards and race boards. The Summer of 1992 the
Olympic Mistral One Design was selected as versatile for youth, women and men. This gear was particularly ideal for a broad wind range from five knots to thirty-five knots of wind. Olympic Windsurfing involves 'One Design' boards, each sailor windsurfing with the identical board design,
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minimum in place. Formula boards are used on "flat water" as opposed to coastal surf, but racing is still held in windy conditions involving swell and chop. In 2008, a
Formula Windsurfing Grand-Prix World Tour began, with events in Europe and South America complementing the single-event World Championships as a professional tour for the Formula class.
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tricks on both tacks (port and starboard), and perform the tricks fully planing score higher marks. High scoring moves include Shifty (Shaka
Pushloop), Double Air-Culo, Air-Kabikuchi, Air-Skopu and double Power-Moves, for example Air-Funnel Burner and Double Culo. The latest freestyle windsurfing is well documented and gets constantly updated on
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with windsurfing. Many windsurfing schools closed, or switched to teaching kite boarding and currently teach mostly wing foiling. After some lean years in the 2000s, the sport has seen a steady revival, first through the explosion of foiling., and more recently with global consolidation, restructuring, and an exciting new unified World Tour.
57:. It is also referred to as "sailboarding" and "boardsailing", and emerged in the late 1960s from the Californian aerospace and surf culture. Windsurfing gained a popular following across Europe and North America by the late 1970s and had achieved significant global popularity by the 1980s. Windsurfing became an Olympic sport in 1984.
2491:(USA): one of the first windsurfing champions to gain international fame, he dominated the early years of competition in the 1970s and 1980s. World Champion from 1976 to 1979, Overall World Champion from 1983 to 1987, and Wave World Champion in 1988, 1989, and 1991. IWT BIG WAVE All-Time BIGGEST WAVE RIDER Champion 2020 (photo)
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steady constant of the one design is fun for recreation, the introduction to competition that allows intermediate windsurfers to race on the same gear design as the best athletes from the
Olympic Class. These one design classes are the most social of all racing classes. The most popular one design classes are: the original
495:, British courts recognized the prior art of Peter Chilvers. It did not incorporate the curved wishbone booms of the modern windsurfer, but rather a "straight boom" that became curved in use. The courts found that the Schweitzer windsurfer boom was "merely an obvious extension". This court case set a precedent for
709:: In the past, the key feature of slalom boards was merely speed, but it has been proven that maneuverability and ease of use are as important as speed in order to get you around the slalom course faster, and therefore modern slalom boards are shortboards aimed at top speed, maneuverability and ease of use.
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Windsurfing is suitable for children as young as 5, with several board and sail brands producing "Kids Rigs" to accommodate these short and light weight windsurfers. In some countries, organisations exist to provide entry into the sport in a semi-formal or club-style environment (i.e. The RYA's Team
833:) down. Releasing downhaul tension shifts the center of effort up. More outhaul lowers the camber/draft, making the sail flatter and easier to control, but less powerful; less outhaul results in more draft, providing more low-end power, but usually limiting speed by increasing aerodynamic resistance.
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racing class, which was influenced by the desire to provide a fleet of racers with a uniformly constructed "boat," so that rider skill, rather than equipment choice, would determine competitive results. The first
Windsurfer Class World Championship regatta took place in San Diego, California in 1973.
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While Drake was away for two years immersed in engineering work on the other side of the country, Schweitzer began manufacturing and selling
Windsurfers, as well as incorporating the company Windsurfing International and collected licensing fees on over 100,000 boards in Europe without ever informing
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Jim Drake and Hoyle Schweitzer together started the sport's first company, Windsurfing International, in late 1968 out of Drake's Santa Monica, California home. Both men were employed full time outside of their startup windsurfing business and so windsurfing was little more than an experimental hobby
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During the 1980s a global community consisting of equipment designers, manufacturers, athletes, travel professionals and journalists worked together to propel windsurfing forward. Innovation allowed for the development of high quality lighter and stiffer planing short boards, introducing foot straps,
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At the most extreme end of the sport is big wave riding which means riders on waves faces over 30 feet high. The most popular place for this is on the north shore of Maui at place called Pe'ahi to the local Hawaiians, and known as JAWS to the rest of the world. The biggest waves here can be up to 60
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Wave jumping involves stunts of varying levels of difficulty which are performed after the rider has jumped from the peak of an unbroken wave. These are commonly referred to as aerial moves and include both forward rotation and backward rotations. The rider and his equipment rotate, doing single and
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The most famous wave riding locations on earth include: Ho'okipa on the north shore of Maui, Diamond Head on Oahu, Klitmøller in Denmark, Pozo and Tenerife in the Canary Islands, Cabo Verde off the north west coast of Africa, Moulay in Morocco, Margaret River in Western Australia, Pacasmayo in Peru,
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This discipline is a cross between freestyle and slalom. Competitors race on a short downwind slalom course, must duck jibe on all turns, and are required to perform several tricks along the way. Competitors are required to wear protective equipment. The Super X discipline was short lived and is now
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Raceboards are longer windsurf boards with a daggerboard and movable mast rail allowing the sailor to be efficient on all points of sail. Excellent upwind ability is combined with good reaching and even downwind ability typically sailed in an Olympic triangle course. Whilst in decline in manufacture
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making a toe-side turn. Pressure is released from the sail as the board turns downwind, allowing for the sail to be jibed. Tacking is turning around going upwind, and at higher speed has become an advanced maneuver, requiring quick movements and good balance. A heel-side turn while planing (called a
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is mainly achieved by changing the center of lateral resistance located along the daggerboard or fin through rotating the sail either fore and aft. Unlike fixed mast sail a boat, windsurfing is rudderless and uses the universal joint to allow steering the board with the sail alone. Jibing is done at
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The size of the sail is measured in square meters and can be from 3 m to 5.5 m for wave sails and 6 m to 15 m for race sails, with ranges for freestyle and freeride sails spanning somewhere between these extremes. Learning sails for children can be as small as 0.7 m and race
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The disciplines of windsurfing (wave, freestyle, freeride) require different sails. Wave sails are reinforced to survive the surf, and are nearly flat when depowered to allow riding waves. Freestyle sails are also flat when depowered, and have high low-end power to allow quick acceleration. Freeride
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While windsurfing is possible under a wide range of wind conditions, most intermediate and advanced recreational windsurfers prefer to sail in conditions that allow for consistent planing with multi-purpose, not overly specialized, free-ride equipment. Larger (100 to 140 liters) free-ride boards are
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and fellow aeronautical engineer Fred Payne conceived and designed a sail powered surfboard in 1962. Their version differed from Darby's in many significant ways. The sailor stood upright on a large surfboard while holding directly onto the windward side of a small triangular sail. Originally, they
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The radical growth curve had to level out eventually and Windsurfing's retail momentum plateaued with the arrival of newer action sports in 90's. Closely related action sports such as mountain biking, snowboarding, stand up paddle boarding (SUP) and kite boarding all directly competed for popularity
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Competitors compete to see who can record the highest jump or maneuver. A 3D accelerometer is worn to measure and record heights of the jumps. Xensr is a manufacturer of 3D accelerometers and promoter of the Big Air competition. It is a popular discipline on the Columbia River near the town of Hood
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Wave riding is a form of surfing with the extra speed and power afforded by the sail. It is strongly connected to its roots in surfing in style and culture. It involves the rider performing a series of bottom turns, top turns, and cutbacks whilst riding an unbroken wave back to the shore. Top wave
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Indoor windsurfing competitions are held, especially in Europe, during winter. Powerful fans lined up along the side of a large pool, propel the windsurfers. Indoor competition disciplines include slalom style races and ramp jumping competitions. It is extremely dangerous because the pool is barely
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These offer hugely popular class racing around the world thanks to relatively low cost, the same gear design is competitive for many years with no class changes. The pro gear in contrast has rapid design change as often as every six months, only with sponsorship is constant upgrading practical. The
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The first three classes were: Windglider(demo), Division II(men only), Lechner A-390 (Women Class & Men’s Class) and the Mistral One Design Class. The Mistral had a world wide organization with Mistral Schools to learn windsurfing. This manufacturer had a range of boards from short boards, wave
635:. Racing and wave boards are usually very light (5 to 7 kg), and are made out of carbon sandwich. Such boards are very stiff, and veneer is sometimes used to make them more shock-resistant. Boards aimed at the beginners are heavier (8 to 15 kg) and more robust, containing more fiberglass.
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Windsurfing International briefly claimed trademark rights with respect to the word "windsurfer". While this was registered in the United States for some years, it was not accepted for registration in many jurisdictions as the word was considered too descriptive. Registration was ultimately lost in
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Drake is known historically as one of the world's top aeronautical engineers. He was also an expert craftsman in his spare time. He combined both skills to conceive and build the world's first windsurfer prototype. First, he carefully engineered a mathematical simulation of his concept based on the
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was educated and trained as an aeronautical engineer at Stanford University. He spent his early years surfing, sailing and skiing. He conceived windsurfing to combine the simplicity of skiing with the pleasures of sailing. Drake is known historically as "The Father of Windsurfing." Drake's patented
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double rotations and jumps where the sailor contorts his or her body and equipment. Recent innovations have included combining moves whilst airborne and, for the first time in 2008, one professional sailor, Ricardo Campello, has made attempts at a triple forward loop during a 2008 PWA competition.
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held at Ho'okipa Beach Park on the north shore of Maui, takes place each year in late October and early November for the best wind and wave conditions and it is common to have 15–20 foot wave faces during the contest. Since 2011 the event has been run by the International Windsurfing Tour (IWT) as
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A typical wave contest will score two jumps going out and two wave rides coming in. A high scoring heat would consist of a double clean forward rotating jump, a high one foot backward rotating jump, a long wave ride with flowing bottom turns, radical top turns, a series of aerials and a 360 aerial
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Years later, in 2002, when the Professional Windsurfing Association (PWA) inducted both Drake and Schweitzer into the Windsurfing Hall of Fame, they called Drake "The Father of Windsurfing" for his role as inventor and egalitarian figure head throughout his lifetime, and called Schweitzer "the man
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World Champion Jessica Crisp has had arguably the worst injury in the history of the indoor events when, during a warm up session jumping the ramp, she snapped her leg and had to have emergency surgery in a French hospital. This was at the height of her professional career and fame across Europe.
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Large sails in combination with the 'wide-style' design allow planing in very low wind conditions as well as control and usability in high winds and bigger sea conditions. Non-planing sailing is very difficult with this design and racing is only conducted with a strict 7 kn (4 m/s) wind
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The Olympic Games from 1896 did not include any women specific class of sailing until 1988. The Boardsailing Class officially began the year of 1988 with only a Men’s Olympic Lechner Boardsailing Class. The Barcelona Games of 1992 was significant to the history of Women in Sport, when the Olympic
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Windsurfing's popularity saw explosive growth in the 1970s and 1980s. Initially in Europe, then in North America. The sport began to take off in popularity around 1972 and by the end of the 1970s it was the fastest growing sport in the world. Originally, all windsurfing boards were "long boards".
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of maximum length 70 cm and carry sails up to 12.5 m. Class rules allow sailors to choose boards produced by multiple manufacturers, as long as they are certified as Formula boards and registered with ISAF, and use fins and sails of different sizes. With the sail, fin and board choices, the
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The sail is tuned by adjusting the downhaul and the outhaul tension. Generally, a sail is trimmed more (flatter shape) for stronger winds. More downhaul tension loosens the upper part of the leech, allowing the top of the sail to twist and "spill" wind during gusts, shifting the center of effort
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Returning to Marina del Rey one week later, this time with the skeg and uphaul, Drake succeeded at sailing the board the way he designed it to be used. With his confidence buoyed from multiple days of practice in the protected bay, Drake next took his sailboard onto the open ocean at Will Rogers
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Freestyle is a timed event which is judged. The competitor who has the greatest repertoire, or manages to complete most stunts, wins. Freestyle is about show and competitors are judged on their creativity. Both the difficulty and the number of tricks make up the final score. Sailors who perform
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With the advent of cheap and small GPS units and the website www.gps-speedsurfing.com, Speedsurfers have been able to organise impromptu competitions amongst themselves as well as more formal competitions such as the European Speed Meetings and Speedweeks/fortnights in Australia. With over 5000
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A sailboard is powered and controlled by the coordinated movements of the sail about its uni-joint and of the sailor around the board. This is achieved by balancing the weight of the sailor against the wind pressure in the sail, while adjusting both factors relative to the board. Learning this
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To gather the needed materials, Drake carefully instructed Schweitzer what raw materials to purchase such as an extra large foam blank to build the board and a hollow fiberglass mast for the sail. Drake completed construction of the prototype in his own garage during his spare time within a few
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The most famous storm riding event is known as The Red Bull Storm Chase. It occurs only when there is a massive storm forecast with winds over 60 knots and giant waves over 20 feet. It is an invitational event and is extremely dangerous. The most recent winner was West Australian Jaeger Stone.
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Eventually US courts recognized the Schweitzer windsurfer as an obvious step from Darby's prior art. Schweitzer had to reapply for a patent under severely limited terms, and finally it expired in 1987. Shortly thereafter, having lost its license royalty income, Windsurfing International ceased
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charges, which its competitors were forced to pay, were so high that many observers felt it needlessly limited the growth of the sport. Mr. Schweitzer claimed this was to promote his brand and the Windsurfer One Design racing class, but most believed it was so he could maximize his own profits.
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Through the seventies, and early eighties windsurfing was the fastest growing sport on earth. Schweitzer aggressively protected his patent around the world through Sub-licensing the rights to anyone who wanted to manufacture and sell sailboards. Windsurfing International's usurious royalty fee
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Drake's question came down to simple operation of how a standing person could control both the power of the sail as well as the direction of the craft without a rudder. Drake discovered that one's ability to rotate the sail's position relative to the board could allow control of both power and
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Modern windsurfing, as a sport and recreational activity, did not emerge until the latter half of the 20th century. The earliest version of a sailboard design utilizing a freely articulating sail on top of a board was created in 1962 by American Newman Darby. Independently, engineer Jim Drake
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At the same time, Schweitzer also sought to defend his patent rights vigorously against unauthorized manufacturers. This led to a host of predating windsurfer-like devices being presented to courts around the world by companies disputing Windsurfing International's rights to the invention.
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By the late 1980s the sport was massive and in the midst of a full-blown marketing and legal battle between the original market in the US, and the exploding European markets. This epic legal battle laid the ground for a still running rivalry between the European and American hemispheres.
727:: Smaller, lighter, more maneuverable boards for use in breaking waves. Characteristically, sailors on wave boards perform high jumps while sailing against waves, and they ride the face of a wave performing narrow linked turns (bottom turns, cutbacks, and top-turns) in a similar way to
2521:(SWE). Division 2 Heavyweight Champion 1984, Funboard World Champion 1985, Professional windsurfer PBA/PWA 1985 at Sylt. PBA Slalom Champion 1987, PBA Courseracing Champion 1988, Speed World Cup Champion 2009. First man over 50 knots in official timing over 500 metres in LĂĽderitz 2012.
1356:"In 1990 indoor windsurfing was born with the Palais Omnisports de Paris – Bercy making its spectacular debut. It was during this first indoor event that Britain's Nik Baker, from the south coast, flourished and went on to add a whopping x6 Indoor World Championships to his name".
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side when powered, but are nearly flat when sheeted out (unpowered). In comparison with cambered sails, rotational designs offer less power and stability when sailing straight, but are easier to handle when maneuvering. Rotational sails are usually lighter and easier to rig.
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equipment is able to be tailored to suit sailors of all body shapes and formula windsurfing presents one of the fastest course-racing sailing craft on the water. Formula Windsurfing is popular in many locations around the globe with predominantly light winds and flat water.
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the Grand Final of the IWT Wave Tour. The IWT is the Hawaiian-based organisation for the wave riders of the Asia Pacific hemisphere. The Aloha Classic has often been the final event of the Professional Windsurfers Association (PWA) crowning the PWA Wave World Champions.
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shape for faster speed and stability, but at the cost of maneuverability and how light the sail feels. The trend is that racier sails have camber inducers while wave sails and most recreational sails do not. The rigidity of the sail is also determined by a number of
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In planing conditions a harness is typically worn to more efficiently use the rider's weight to counter the force in the sail. As the wind increases, the rider continues to sheet the sail, the fin generates more lift, and the board gains speed, transitioning onto a
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on the south coast of England, assembled his first board combined with a sail, in 1958. This board used a universal joint, one of the key parts of the Windsurfing International's patent. They also found stories published about the 1948 invention of the sailboard by
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who have been riding the wind and waves for centuries. Early accounts suggest island peoples were undertaking day trips over oceans standing upright on a solid board with a vertical sail. In the early 19th century, people in logging communities around western
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manoeuvre on the face of the waves such as a 'goiter', 'taka', wave 360, planing forward or clean flowing back-loop. Depending on the conditions at the location, some competitions will focus more on jumping while others focus more on the wave-riding aspects.
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Olympic Sailing included Olympic Boardsailing as a demonstration Sport, this test event was sailed on the Windglider fun board at the Olympic Games of 1984. Olympic Boardsailing was given full Sport status with the Lechner at the 1988 Olympic Games.
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in flight terminology). Ideal planing conditions for most recreational riders is 15–25 kn (7.7–13 m/s) of wind, but experts can windsurf in much windier conditions. Planing is considered one of the most exhilarating aspects of the sport.
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There is no evidence that Schweitzer or Drake had knowledge of any prior inventions similar to theirs. Drake accepted in retrospect that, although he can be credited with the invention, he was "probably no better than third," behind mid-west based
75:
Windsurfing is a recreational, family friendly sport, most popular at flat water locations around the world that offer safety and accessibility for beginner and intermediate participants. Technique and equipment have evolved over the years.
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harnesses and more stable sails. These innovations further expanded the sport by making it faster, more radical and more exciting for the top end, and significantly more accessible at the entry level with lighter easier equipment.
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The World Cup Wavesailing competitions crown the professional world champions each year. One of the most prestigious events in the windsurfing world is called The Aloha Classic at Ho'okipa Beach on the north shore of Maui, Hawaii.
2402:. For novice windsurfers, low-wind freestyle tricks are an appropriate start, such as sailing backwards with the fin out of the water, or transitioning from a sailing stance to sitting on the board while continuing to sail.
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This type of board went relatively slower through the water, but worked well in low wind conditions. Light air, long board windsurfing was enjoyed by a wide range of participants including families with young children.
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full speed (a so-called "carve jibe", "power jibe" or "planing jibe"), whereby the rider turns downwind by leaning the sail forward, sheeting and applying pressure to the inside rail. Leaning into the turn much like a
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825:. Most shape is given to the sail by applying a very strong downhaul, which by design bends the mast. The outhaul tension is relatively weak, mostly providing leverage for controlling the sail's angle of attack.
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Major competitive disciplines on unified World Tour include Slalom, Wave and Freestyle. Increasingly, new technology "foiling" with hight speed foil racing is replacing traditional 'fin' racing events and the
368:, when Bert Salisbury stopped his car to have a look, and commented: "Gee I have the perfect name for it! Windsurfing!" The name was soon changed to Windsurfer, sold by the company Windsurfing International.
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which protrude beyond the back aspect of the mast. They flip or "rotate" to the other side of the mast when tacking or jibing, hence the rotation in the name. Rotational sails have an aerofoil shape on the
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is achieved by moving the rig either forward (turning away from the wind) or aft (turning towards the wind). When jibing, the clew of the sail is let around and allowed to rotate out and around the mast.
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Originally Drake and Schweitzer wanted to name their new sailboard concept "Skate" (SK8), however changed the name to "Baja Board" in early 1968. Schweitzer was marketing a prototype of the Baja Board in
2505:(FRA): 22 times World Champion in various disciplines: Formula windsurfing, Super X, Freestyle, Slalom, Race, Speed, Overall. Holder of the windsurf speed record 53.27 knots, on the 5th of November 2015.
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Wave sailing took off during the rapid development of windsurfing on the Hawaiian islands of Oahu and Maui. It can be seen as comprising two distinct (but related) parts, wave riding and wave jumping.
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The sport underwent very rapid growth however, particularly in Europe after the sale of a sub-license sold to Ten Cate Sports in the Netherlands. In 1975 Ten Cate Sports sold 45,000 boards in Europe.
2796:(ESP): PWA Wave World Champion, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013. Freestyle World Champion 2003–2006. The Most dominant female athlete in the history of wavesailing.
383:. Despite forty years of subsequent development, the design is still remarkably similar to today's windsurfing equipment, and the word "windsurfer" has become synonymous with the sport itself.
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Learning is a strenuous activity with many falls into the water, climbs back onto the board and repeating. The time taken to reach the point of significant enjoyment varies greatly.
2681:(GDE): IWT BIG WAVE All-Time BIGGEST WAVE RIDER Champion 2020 (video), 2 x Aloha Classic Champion 2011 and 2018. 3 time AWT overall Pro Men Wavesailing champion 2012, 2013 and 2015.
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sails are all-rounders that are comfortable to use and are meant for recreational windsurfing. Race sails provide speed at the expense of qualities like comfort or maneuverability.
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sailors are able to incorporate aerial moves into their wave riding and will use overhanging wave lips to launch themselves out in front of the wave in spectacular giant aerials.
214:" or "kite rigged" and was subject to the associated limitations. Unlike the modern windsurfer design, Darby's sailboard was operated "back winded", with the sailor's back to the
2535:(FRA): Airline pilot for Air France. He was the first person to windsurf across the Atlantic Ocean in 1981, from Dakar, Senegal to Kourou, French Guiana. He was later captain of
108:
invention was marketed and sold under the brand name "Windsurfer" for over 20 years by a company he cofounded with businessman Hoyle Schweitzer called Windsurfing International.
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has developed over the last 15 years in order to facilitate high-performance competition in light and moderate winds. Formula is now a class of windsurfing boards controlled by
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On March 27, 1968, Jim Drake, an aeronautical engineer, and Hoyle Schweitzer, a businessman filed the very first windsurfing patent, which was granted by the USPTO in 1970.
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Slalom boards are small and narrow, and require high winds. Funboard class racing rules require winds of 9–35 kn (4.6–18 m/s) for the slalom event to take place.
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15 scheme). Robert (Robby) Naish took up the fledgling sport of windsurfing at the age of 11, and in 1976 won his first overall World Championship title at the age of 13.
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There are 3 major Ocean Slalom Marathons in the world: The Defi-Wind in France, The Lancelin Ocean Classic in Western Australia, and the Hatteras Marathon in the USA.
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original windsurfing concept were published in 1969 by Drake's employer at the time, the RAND Corporation, in a technical paper written and presented by him titled
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It is acknowledged in the courts that the separate Eastaugh (1946–1949), Darby (1965) and Chilvers (1958) inventions pre-dated the Schweitzer/Drake patent (1968).
2669:(BRA): 3 x Wave World Champion 2013, 2022, 2023, 2 x Aloha Classic Champion, IWT BIG WAVE Most Radical All Time Champion 2020, PWA Freestyle World Champion 2008.
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unless fin sizes are reduced. This explains why the course is usually a box with longer upwind and downwind legs, or just a simple upwind-downwind return course.
460:. Europe was now the largest growing market for windsurfers, and the sub-licensed companies – Tabur, F2, Mistral – wanted to find a way to remove or reduce their
2607:(USA): Although known for his big wave surfing and stand-up surfing accomplishments, he is an outstanding windsurfer and invented the move known as the Goiter.
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Ideal sail size (m) for different wind speeds and rider weights (recreational level). The red values indicate sail sizes that are unpractical or not available.
1276:(WSSRC) competitors complete timed runs on a 500m or 1 nautical mile (1,852m) course. The current 500m record (for Windsurfers) is held by French windsurfer
789:, so they are lighter and easier to use in light winds. However, as the sailor improves, a battened sail will provide greater stability in stronger winds.
2816:(NCL): IWT BIG WAVE All-Time BIGGEST WAVE RIDER Champion 2020 (photo), 2 x Aloha Classic Wave Champion 2017, 2018, 3 x IWT Wave Champion 2015, 2016, 2018.
72:. Hydrofoil fins under the board allow the boards to safely lift out of the water and fly silently and smoothly above the surface even in lighter winds.
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518:. The battle over the origin story of the sport would go on to cause much legal grief for the global sporting phenomenon for much of the 1980s.
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uses a large kite (around 9 to 20qsm) on 20+m lines for wind power. Due to the strong possible upward lift, smaller boards with no significant
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magazine. Darby died in 2016 reportedly feeling pleased with the recognition he received for having created an early version of the sailboard.
2810:(ARU): 17-time World Champion (12 Freestyle, 4 Slalom & 1 Wave), PWA World Wave Champion 2019, 2 x Aloha Classic Wave Champion 2016, 2019.
2713:(GB) Competing internationally in the PWA World Tour as a wave/freestyle sailor. He was the Youth World Champion, in Racing and Slalom 2000.
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Long before this modern moment, there were small scale sailing craft that have used wind as the driving force, many of them sourced to the
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Windsurfing shattered the world speed sailing record, entered the Olympics and became lauded as, "The fastest growing sport in the world."
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2637:(VEN): 9 time PWA Freestyle World Champion 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018, innovator of many new freestyle tricks.
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The most famous indoor champions include Robert Teriitehau, Jessica Crisp, Robby Naish, Nick Baker, Eric Thieme, and Nathalie LeLievre.
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since the advent of shortboard course racing (which evolved into Formula) there remains some models in production and most notably the
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Windsurfers are often classified as either shortboards or longboards. Longboards are usually longer than 3 meters, with a retractable
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3156:"The best luxury family windsurf destinations in Europe for 2019 – Planet Windsurf Holidays choice picks – Windsurfing UK Magazine"
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187:—the first rudderless sailboard ever built that allowed a person to steer by shifting his or her weight in order to tilt the sail
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550:"There is no corroboration of Mr Eastaugh's experiences by any other witness. Neither of his brothers or his father was called"
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State Beach in Santa Monica, California. Drake subsequently taught Schweitzer how to windsurf and soon the sport was launched.
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4732:"30 YEARS OF THE ALOHA CLASSIC: A HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY - International Windsurfing Tour-Inspiring the Future of Our Sport"
525:, who by 1965 conceived the "sailboard": a hand-held square rigged "kite" sail on a floating platform for recreational use.
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2776:(NZ): 3 time Olympian representing New Zealand with Gold in Barcelona 1992, Silver in Atlanta 1996, Bronze in Sydney 2000.
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In 1983, Schweitzer sued. Swiss board manufacturer Mistral and lost. Mistral's defense hinged on the work of US inventor
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2705:(GDE): 2 x Aloha Classic Champion 2019 & 2023, 2 x IWT Wave Champion 2018, 2019, French National Wave Champion 2019.
2513:(NED), World Champion 1979–1983, gold medal winner first Olympic windsurfing contest in Los Angeles, California in 1984.
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rather than an attached, masted sail. Soon they decided a universal joint attaching a movable sail was more practical.
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The board moves through the water – much like a sailing boat does – using an extendable centreboard (if available) and
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the United States for the same reason. Eventually the sport became known widely as either sailboarding or windsurfing.
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classes. Each Windsurfer had an identical computer-cut sail, a technology new at that time and pioneered by Ian Bruce.
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580:, and are optimized for lighter winds or course racing. Shortboards are less than 3 meters long and are designed for
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2790:(SUI): multiple PWA World Champion in freestyle, wave, speed competition, 1990s and 2000s. World Wave Champion 1998.
2784:(AUS): 5 time Olympian representing Australia. PWA Overall World Champion 1994. PWA World Wavesailing Champion 1993.
2625:(VEN): a freestyle innovator, he created many difficult moves, PWA Freestyle World Champion in 2003, 2004, and 2005.
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2631:(BRA): pioneered freestyle maneuvers in wave competition. Ranked first in PWA Wave competition in 2005, 2007, 2008.
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In 1948, 20-year-old Newman Darby was the first to conceive the idea of using a handheld sail and rig mounted on a
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2802:(ESP): PWA Wave World Champion, 1999, 2006, 2007, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018. Twin sister of Daida Moreno.
1041:: In strong winds it is difficult to uphaul the sail (pulling it out of the water while standing on the board) so
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mounts in the fin box a hydrofoil which lifts the board off the water and improves speeds due to reduced drag.
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3376:"The Strongest Youth Field in a Generation - International Windsurfing Tour-Inspiring the Future of Our Sport"
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Downwind: More than two marks are laid and sailors sail a downwind course – jibing around each mark only once.
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Tabur lawyers found prior art, in a local English newspaper which had published a story with a picture about
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invented and co-patented windsurfing in California between 1967 and 1970. Alternative concepts by Englishman
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2613:(USA): First World Champion (1974), and winner of 18 World Championship level events in subsequent years.
2571:(USA): PWA Overall World Champion, 2000. PWA Wave World Champion, 2006. Aloha Classic Wave Champion 2016.
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2853:. To offset the low wind power resulting from the comparatively small wing size (around 3 to 9 sqm), a
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2565:(AUS): PWA Wave World Champion, 1997, 1998. First windsurfer to ride big wave of Nazare, in Portugal.
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1055:" the sail to get back on the board. If this becomes hopeless uphauling the sail will be necessary.
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lists contains too many entries to be relevant and level of mentioned achievements is too variable.
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2699:(USA): 3 x Aloha Classic Champion 2014, 2015, 2017. IWT overall Pro Men Wavesailing champion 2017.
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Figure of eight: All of the course should on a beam reach with two floating marks that have to be
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induced and rotational. Cambered sails have 1–5 camber inducers - plastic devices at the ends of
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created his first product for a wider market in 1964 that he called the "Darby sailboard" on the
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546:"Mr Eastaugh greatly exaggerated the capacity of his galvanised iron canoes to sail to windward"
456:, France-based company Dufour Wing, which was later merged with Tabur Marine – the precursor of
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2619:(USA): freestyle pioneer, inventor of the Spock, PWA Freestyle World Champion in 1999, 2000.
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which crashed after takeoff killing everyone on board and several more people on the ground.
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2589:(BON): 3rd world freestyle 2009. 1st Midwinters Merit Island Freestyle Competition in 2001.
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Formula boards have excellent upwind and downwind ability, but are not as comfortable on a
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A Women’s Olympic Lechner 390 Boardsailing Class of Sailing was added the Summer of 1992.
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4616:"IWT Big Wave Awards - International Windsurfing Tour-Inspiring the Future of Our Sport"
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sailors registered it is possible for windsurfers all over the world to compare speeds.
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were purportedly fixing sails to logs as part of log float control and for recreation.
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4910:"AWT Rankings 2012 - International Windsurfing Tour-Inspiring the Future of Our Sport"
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683:: Shorter boards up to one meter in width, for use in Formula Windsurfing races. See
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2687:(USA): 2 x Aloha Classic Champion 2012 (youngest ever winner at 16 years old), 2013.
2551:(GBR): four times world championships runner-up in the 1990s. 13 UK champion titles.
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or wing foiling uses a hand-held wing, a smaller version of a kite, to replace the
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646:, are almost as wide as Formula boards, and have plenty of volume, hence stability.
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direction. Experimenting with a rotational design, he invented the concept for the
4966:"Rankings 2019 - International Windsurfing Tour-Inspiring the Future of Our Sport"
4952:"Rankings 2018 - International Windsurfing Tour-Inspiring the Future of Our Sport"
4938:"Rankings 2017 - International Windsurfing Tour-Inspiring the Future of Our Sport"
4924:"Rankings 2013 - International Windsurfing Tour-Inspiring the Future of Our Sport"
4896:"Rankings 2016 - International Windsurfing Tour-Inspiring the Future of Our Sport"
715:: In essence an extremely narrow and sleek slalom board, built for top speed only.
443:
396:. Around this same time, Schweitzer lost his job as a computer software salesman.
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4595:"IWT Big Wave - International Windsurfing Tour-Inspiring the Future of Our Sport"
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3810:"Robby Naish, Jim Drake and Hoyle Schweitzer are voted into the PWA Hall of Fame"
3752:"Robby Naish, Jim Drake and Hoyle Schweitzer are voted into the PWA Hall of Fame"
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3296:"Robby Naish, Jim Drake and Hoyle Schweitzer are voted into the PWA Hall of Fame"
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Windsurfing International registered the term "Windsurfer" as a trademark at the
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2768:(FRA): overall World Champion, 1984, 1985. World Wave Champion 1995, 1996, 1997.
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that has the principal characteristic of a maximum 1m width. They have a single
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4520:"Jessica Crisp Named Australian Sailor of the Year | News | Sportcal"
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Modern windsurfing boards can be classified into many categories: The original
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Slalom is a high-speed race. Typically there are two sorts of slalom courses.
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https://www.windsurfjournal.com/article,news,wave-tour-2024-calendar,10291,en
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2744:(USA): Freestyle World Champion 1985, multiple Championships from 1981– 1986.
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2557:(USA): Early pioneer of many wave sailing moves, including the wave-face 360.
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3451:"A Chronological Order of the Development of the Free Sail System Sailboard"
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for stability and lateral resistance. The centreboard is retracted at broad
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4255:"Windsurfing v Petit - Judgment 28-Jun-84 - Rotation - Patent Infringement"
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2649:(NED): European Freestyle Champion 2010, PWA Freestyle World Champion 2011.
2577:(GBR): Three-time PWA Wave World 2nd Place, six-time Indoor World Champion.
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5023:"Jessica Crisp wins The Australian RSX Windsurfing National CHampionships"
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4577:"Home - International Windsurfing Tour-Inspiring the Future of Our Sport"
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the new Olympic Class windsurfer used advanced foil technology with the
348:'s Jamaica Bay to make history with the world's first modern sailboard.
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1280:. The women's 500m Record is held By Zara Davis, from England, also in
1042:
1015:
620:
611:
foam core reinforced with a composite sandwich shell, that can include
496:
418:
188:
6093:
4703:"ASN Aircraft accident AĂ©rospatiale / BAC Concorde 101 F-BTSC Gonesse"
3532:. Archives Center, National Museum of American History. Archived from
3112:
Greenhouse, Steven; Times, Special To the New York (August 17, 1987).
160:
invented and co-patented the version we all know today and called it
84:
class is the new Olympic windsurfing racing class for France in 2024.
8271:
7849:
7703:
7693:
7360:
7340:
7324:
7309:
6962:
6663:
6550:
6500:
6280:
6275:
6108:
6022:
6012:
5944:
5804:
5532:
5389:
5354:
5320:
2854:
1018:, leading to a sudden loss of lift, called "spin-out" (equivalent to
751:
694:
457:
427:
184:
168:
5057:
4419:"Home – GPS-Speedsurfing.com :: for windsurfers by windsurfers"
4145:
Popular Science Magazine, author Susan Renner-Smith, June 1981 issue
4100:"WINDSURFING INTERNATIONAL INC. v. TABUR MARINE (GREAT BRITAIN) LTD"
3974:"James Drake, 'Father of Windsurfing' and RAND Engineer, Dies at 83"
3972:
Monica, 1776 Main Street Santa; California 90401-3208 (2012-06-22).
3767:"James Drake, 'Father of Windsurfing' and RAND Engineer, Dies at 83"
3765:
Monica, 1776 Main Street Santa; California 90401-3208 (2012-06-22).
3250:"James Drake, 'Father of Windsurfing' and RAND Engineer, Dies at 83"
3248:
Monica, 1776 Main Street Santa; California 90401-3208 (2012-06-22).
1093:
Women’s Boardsailing Class began in Spain on the Mediterranean Sea.*
235:
is also cited for inventing a kind of sailboard in England in 1958.
8177:
8063:
7839:
7786:
7355:
7048:
6954:
6655:
6570:
6560:
6153:
6143:
5929:
5914:
5899:
5894:
5843:
5759:
5677:
5662:
5612:
5512:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5295:
5206:
5191:
5181:
4610:
4608:
4606:
4604:
2840:
1281:
891:
887:
806:
774:
489:
Windsurfing International Inc. v Tabur Marine (GB) Ltd. 1985 RPC 59
453:
215:
5329:
4764:"jason polakow - Sport News Headlines - Nine Wide World of Sports"
4418:
3132:"How the First Woman Windsurfer Helped Design the First Sailboard"
689:
8135:
8115:
8100:
8058:
8033:
7698:
7090:
6798:
6645:
6510:
6168:
6118:
6098:
5995:
5904:
5873:
5853:
5799:
5794:
5769:
5754:
5708:
5698:
5622:
5552:
5439:
5394:
5384:
5364:
5349:
5334:
5265:
5121:
5117:
5068:
5062:
4581:
International Windsurfing Tour--Inspiring the Future of Our Sport
3211:
818:
810:
798:
750:
are often made of monofilm (clear polyester film), dacron (woven
728:
628:
512:
403:
365:
54:
50:
4601:
8225:
6998:
6361:
6336:
6194:
6128:
6123:
5934:
5858:
5749:
5713:
5672:
5617:
5567:
5547:
5537:
5399:
5369:
5339:
5245:
5216:
5196:
2825:
Other watersport variants using a board and wind power include
1140:
1115:
901:
814:
805:
A windsurfing sail is tensioned at two points: at the tack (by
759:
671:
616:
299:
280:
210:
While Darby's "sailboard" incorporated a pivoting rig, it was "
81:
39:
5074:
4474:
2870:
2583:(USA): Mark's younger brother and early pioneer of Cape Verde.
8053:
6316:
6270:
6244:
6103:
5822:
5774:
5682:
5647:
5589:
5517:
5474:
5414:
5344:
5300:
5285:
2643:(FRA): PWA Wave World Champion 2014, 1st RedBull Storm Chase.
1250:
largely unpracticed; it reached its peak in the early 2000s,
755:
624:
4746:"Interview with Maui Surfer Mark Angulo – November 11, 1997"
2657:(GER): 5 x Wave World Champion 2011, 2012, 2015, 2017, 2019.
658:: Internationally recognised One Design Classes such as the
344:, along with his wife Wendy and daughter Stephanie, went to
6972:
6351:
6178:
5527:
5424:
5374:
5359:
5310:
5255:
3971:
3764:
3247:
2850:
985:: The rider climbs onto the board, grabs the pulling rope (
957:
822:
747:
741:
534:
Windsurfing International Inc & Anor v Petit & Anor
219:
7059:
417:
in 1970. Windsurfing International Inc. created a popular
6846:
4202:
3917:
3915:
1205:
One Design remains popular amongst amateur racing clubs.
1177:
953:
860:
192:
49:
is a wind-propelled water sport that is a combination of
4173:"Windsurfing International Inc. v Tabur Marine (GB) Ltd"
3666:"S. Newman Darby, Inventor of the Sailboard, Dies at 88"
3530:"S. Newman Darby Windsurfing Collection, 1944–1998 #625"
2756:(GER): World Wave Champion 1986, 1988, 1990, 1992, 1994.
422:
The Windsurfer Class fleet was based the success of the
3498:"Windsurfing was invented 60 years ago by Newman Darby"
3912:
1157:
607:
designs were used. Most boards produced today have an
5115:
1035:"cut-back") is usually only executed in wave riding.
773:
which cup against the mast. They help create a rigid
532:
In 1984, Australian courts determined a patent case:
491:
with Tabur backed financially by French sailing fan
4229:"Technology, invention, and innovation collections"
914:Safety gear: line, distress strobe light, whistle,
4461:"Windsurfing history: N – Windsurfing UK Magazine"
3683:
3289:
3287:
3285:
3283:
693:Windsurfing in the late evening on a longboard at
670:class race boards, and the new 2024 Olympic Class
642:: (Sometimes called funboards) these often have a
7594:Duke Kahanamoku Invitational Surfing Championship
4132:Viganj Windsurfing | Apartments Viganj – Pelješac
4060:. Inventors.about.com. 2010-06-15. Archived from
3804:
3802:
3800:
2693:: Formula windsurfing lightweight world champion.
930:
325:. Drake completed his engineering concept with a
314:Jim Drake, windsurfing for the first time (movie)
8317:
6418:
3557:. Oregon Interactive Corporation. Archived from
2663:(ESP): Wave World Champion 2010, 2016, and 2018.
7959:
5005:"IWT Chile Topocalma Infernal - Day 2 of heats"
4395:"Windsurfer Breaks Speed Record at Over 60 mph"
4377:"iQFoil: the new Olympic windsurfing equipment"
4321:, San Francisco Boardsailing Association (SFBA)
4153:
4151:
4058:"About.com: Inventors – History of Windsurfing"
3492:
3490:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3315:
3280:
3111:
2131:Morgan Noireaux (USA) + Boujmaa Guilloul (MOR)
758:. Areas under high load may be reinforced with
4104:Reports of Patent, Design and Trade Mark Cases
3797:
1360:one meter deep and is surrounded by concrete.
911:Travel gear – sail bags, board bags, car racks
7945:
7075:
6404:
5101:
4080:
4078:
3549:
3547:
3545:
3543:
3464:
3462:
3460:
3294:Association (PWA), Professional Windsurfing.
3293:
2886:
1724:Jutta Muller (GER) + Nathalie Le Lievre (FRA)
379:." Further details can be read in published
4630:"Most windsurfing world championship titles"
4148:
4088:. American Windsurfer Magazine. 8 July 2022.
3728:
3726:
3724:
3722:
3720:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3487:
3312:
1284:. The Men's nautical mile record is held by
1121:
386:
359:The first three windsurfers ever built, 1968
281:Drake's first prototype, the Windsurfer name
7684:Smirnoff World Pro-Am Surfing Championships
3996:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3789:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3676:
3272:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3073:"Boardsailing Is in the Race for Attention"
3001:
1389:Topocalma in Chile, and Omaezaki in Japan.
262:designed it to be propelled by a hand held
7952:
7938:
7082:
7068:
6411:
6397:
5108:
5094:
4086:"Origins of windsurfing: Hoyle Schweitzer"
4075:
3948:"Origins of Windsurfing: Hoyle Schweitzer"
3870:"Origins of Windsurfing: Hoyle Schweitzer"
3862:
3540:
3457:
2893:
2879:
2595:(NED): IFCA Junior World Champion of 2011.
4642:
4496:
4203:"Mistral waterlife and living since 1976"
3711:
3352:"Jim Drake, father of windsurfing was 83"
3243:
3241:
3239:
3114:"Europe Gaining in U.S. Sailboard Battle"
2979:— water skiing on a board instead of skis
2468:Learn how and when to remove this message
415:United States Patent and Trademark Office
162:Windsurfing- a new new concept in sailing
5077:, international windsurfing news website
4553:
4551:
4231:. Americanhistory.si.edu. Archived from
4141:
4139:
3895:"Windsurfing – A New Concept in Sailing"
3690:. Human Kinetics. January 1995. p.
3663:
3349:
3002:Windsurfing, Starboard (July 18, 2011).
2973:— on large skateboard, propelled by sail
2108:Levi Siver (USA) + Bernd Roediger (USA)
1265:(ISWC) organizes (under the umbrella of
1236:
1156:
996:
867:but is usually stronger for windsurfing)
688:
402:
354:
308:
257:Stanford educated aeronautical engineer
248:
237:
144:
132:
29:
7762:National Scholastic Surfing Association
4477:. Professional Windsurfers Association.
4127:
4125:
3664:Sandomir, Richard (December 26, 2016).
3405:Wind Surfing — A New Concept in Sailing
3107:
3105:
3089:
3070:
3051:
2820:
1494:Dana Dawes (USA) + Natalie Siebel (GER)
1445:Jill Boyer (USA) + Natalie Siebel (GER)
1288:and the women's mile record is held by
765:Two designs of a sail are predominant:
316:May 21, 1967 Marina del Rey, California
14:
8318:
4872:"PWA WORLD WINDSURFING TOUR: Athletes"
4729:
4679:[Atlantic: The First Cross!].
3816:. Professional Windsurfing Association
3236:
2762:(USA): World Wave Champion 1989, 1991.
2750:(USA): World Wave Champion 1986, 1987.
2414:
1208:
377:Windsurfing - A New Concept in Sailing
103:are recognized as earlier sailboards.
7933:
7063:
6392:
5089:
5081:International Windsurfing Association
4569:
4548:
4538:"Indoor windsurfing returns to Paris"
4136:
3419:"Jim Drake – Inventor of windsurfing"
3402:
3398:
3396:
2874:
1272:On record attempts controlled by the
1263:International Speed Windsurfing Class
1063:
271:Drake's revolutionary sailing concept
8300:
4677:"Atlantique: La Premiere Traversee!"
4290:"Anatomy of an Epoxy Sandwich board"
4226:
4122:
3102:
3090:Brenner, Elsa (September 12, 1982).
3071:Fishman, Joanne A. (July 13, 1981).
3052:Fishman, Joanne A. (June 12, 1978).
3045:
2418:
1010:. The volume of board in the water (
5065:, international windsurfing website
4287:
4278:see pages 104–105 of judgment cited
3923:"Origins of Windsurfing: Jim Drake"
3856:"Origins of Windsurfing: Jim Drake"
3734:"Origins of windsurfing: Jim Drake"
3583:. British Broadcasting Corporation.
3470:"Origins of Windsurfing: Jim Drake"
3219:"Origins of Windsurfing: Jim Drake"
3028:"Origins of Windsurfing: Jim Drake"
1106:was used for the first time in the
1075:Sailboarding at the Summer Olympics
817:for downhauling at the tack, and a
785:Beginners' sails often do not have
499:in the United Kingdom, in terms of
183:so that he could control his small
24:
7742:International Professional Surfers
5027:Women's Sport - Women's sport news
4980:"Robby Swift - Boards Windsurfing"
4700:
4669:
4636:
4559:"PWA WORLD WINDSURFING TOUR: Home"
3437:"The Legend of Lumberjack Surfing"
3393:
3181:"PWA WORLD WINDSURFING TOUR: Home"
2374:
1274:World Sailing Speed Record Council
1261:takes place in several forms. The
1195:
1047:is necessary. This is done (while
684:
501:inventive step and non-obviousness
433:
25:
8357:
7747:International Surfing Association
5051:
4730:Faurot, Russ (October 29, 2014).
3054:"Windsurfing: Sailing's New Tack"
8299:
8290:
8289:
7599:East Coast Surfing Championships
3516:"Windsurfing From the Beginning"
3092:"Windsurfing Gaining Popularity"
2924:
2732:(USA): World Wave Champion 1984.
2726:(USA): World Wave Champion 1984.
2423:
1146:
1068:
687:for a more detailed description.
128:
5033:
5015:
4997:
4972:
4958:
4944:
4930:
4916:
4902:
4888:
4864:
4846:
4828:
4810:
4792:
4774:
4756:
4738:
4723:
4694:
4622:
4587:
4530:
4512:
4481:
4467:
4453:
4432:
4411:
4387:
4369:
4345:
4324:
4303:
4281:
4272:
4247:
4220:
4195:
4165:
4092:
4050:
4022:
4004:
3965:
3940:
3887:
3848:
3827:
3758:
3744:
3657:
3639:
3613:
3587:
3573:
3522:
3508:
3443:
3429:
3411:
3382:
3368:
3343:
3187:
2900:
2383:
2365:
1253:
992:
5058:Official Formula Class Website
4818:"MIKE WALTZE WINDSURFING MAUI"
4499:"Indoor Windsurfing Kamasutra"
3706:Peter Chilvers and windsurfing
3350:Roderick, Kevin (2012-07-02).
3173:
3148:
3124:
3083:
3064:
3020:
2995:
2961:— ice skater propelled by kite
2356:
1375:
1336:52.05 kn (26.8 m/s)
1320:53.27 kn (27.4 m/s)
1139:and the rapidly expanding new
1135:, the Youth development class
947:
931:Learning and skill progression
874:are more common, but some are
464:to Windsurfing International.
13:
1:
7564:Australian Boardriders Battle
4357:National Sailing Hall of Fame
4110:(4): 59–82. January 1, 1985.
2988:
595:board had a body made out of
562:
452:In 1979, Schweitzer licensed
7757:International Surfing Museum
7649:Pipeline Bodysurfing Classic
7639:O'Neill World Cup of Surfing
6420:Extreme and adventure sports
6307:Bristol Channel pilot cutter
4646:The Guinness book of records
3738:American Windsurfer Magazine
3008:Starboard Windsurfing Online
2717:
2392:
1409:Overall Wave World Champions
921:
571:
7:
7961:Water sports and activities
7767:New York Surf Film Festival
7634:O'Neill Sebastian Inlet Pro
7619:Lion Foundation Surf League
7089:
4854:"PERSPECTIVE - KAULI SEADI"
3403:Drake, James (1968-12-31).
2866:
2443:. The specific problem is:
2348:Sarah-Quita Offringa (ARU)
2256:Sarah-Quita Offringa (ARU)
2187:Sarah-Quita Offringa (ARU)
10:
8362:
7579:Billabong Pipeline Masters
7569:Australian Open of Surfing
4643:McWhirter, Norris (1988).
4030:"WIND-PROPELLED APPARATUS"
4012:"Windsurfing | sport"
3581:"From Hawaii to the World"
3518:. Darby Electronic Museum.
2593:Jean-Patrick van der Wolde
2480:
2405:
2345:Sarah-Quita Offringa (ARU)
2322:Sarah-Quita Offringa (ARU)
2253:Sarah-Quita Offringa (ARU)
2164:Iballa Ruano Moreno (ESP)
2141:Iballa Ruano Moreno (ESP)
1957:Iballa Ruano Moreno (ESP)
1244:
1150:
1072:
739:
482:Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania
87:
8285:
8249:
8186:
8024:
7967:
7911:
7878:
7830:
7772:Santa Cruz Surfing Museum
7752:International Surfing Day
7732:
7659:Quiksilver Pro Gold Coast
7629:Noosa Festival of Surfing
7624:MEO Rip Curl Pro Portugal
7554:
7496:
7386:
7379:
7333:
7292:
7211:
7115:
7097:
6986:
6953:
6917:
6897:Aggressive inline skating
6879:
6839:
6781:
6728:
6654:
6579:
6536:
6426:
6370:
6299:
6253:
6187:
6071:
6051:
5978:
5887:
5831:
5737:
5691:
5603:
5503:
5488:
5319:
5235:
5159:
5128:
5009:www.yachtsandyachting.com
4782:"10 Tracks Surfing Facts"
4649:. Guinness Superlatives.
4497:pedrowind (May 5, 2007).
4037:www.freepatentsonline.com
3331:mistral-watersports.co.uk
2933:
2922:
2908:
2230:Iballa Ruano Moreno (ESP)
2207:Iballa Ruano Moreno (ESP)
2184:Iballa Ruano Moreno (ESP)
2161:Iballa Ruano Moreno (ESP)
2138:Iballa Ruano Moreno (ESP)
2092:Iballa Ruano Moreno (ESP)
1977:Iballa Ruano Moreno (ESP)
1954:Iballa Ruano Moreno (ESP)
1934:Jennifer Henderson (USA)
1796:Jennifer Henderson (USA)
1793:Iballa Ruano Moreno (ESP)
1370:
1351:
1213:
1122:One Design Racing classes
1058:
907:Personal flotation device
387:The sport's first company
7817:Welsh Surfing Federation
7807:The Moonshine Conspiracy
7664:Red Bull Big Wave Africa
6001:Iron-hulled sailing ship
3625:. Netbiblo. 2008-06-03.
3555:"History of Windsurfing"
2115:Daida Ruano Moreno (ESP)
2069:Daida Ruano Moreno (ESP)
2046:Daida Ruano Moreno (ESP)
2023:Daida Ruano Moreno (ESP)
2000:Daida Ruano Moreno (ESP)
1931:Daida Ruano Moreno (ESP)
1908:Daida Ruano Moreno (ESP)
1885:Daida Ruano Moreno (ESP)
1862:Daida Ruano Moreno (ESP)
1839:Daida Ruano Moreno (ESP)
1816:Daida Ruano Moreno (ESP)
1747:Nathalie Le Lievre (FRA)
1701:Nathalie Le Lievre (FRA)
1412:Aloha Classic Champions
1131:class, the long running
938:
544:. The judge noted that,
471:, who as a young boy on
7812:Uruguayan Surfing Union
7709:Triple Crown of Surfing
5810:Square-rigged caravel (
5041:"What is wing surfing?"
4836:"ROMANCING: Josh Stone"
4711:Aviation Safety Network
4316:August 8, 2014, at the
4016:Encyclopedia Britannica
3599:. Lonely Planet. 2008.
1671:Björn Dunkerbeck (ESP)
841:sails up to 15 m.
809:), and at the clew (by
60:Newer variants include
8211:Outrigger canoe racing
7782:Surfers Against Sewage
7679:Shark Island Challenge
7584:Billabong Pro Teahupoo
7173:Standup paddleboarding
4442:. Sailspeedrecords.com
4421:. GPS-Speedsurfing.com
3453:. The Hart's Homepage.
2647:Steven van Broeckhoven
2537:Air France Flight 4590
2315:Marcilio Browne (BRA)
2220:Victor Fernández (ESP)
2200:Morgan Noireaux (USA)
2177:Kevin Pritchard (USA)
2174:Victor Fernández (ESP)
2154:Morgan Noireaux (USA)
2036:Victor Fernández (ESP)
1829:Björn Dunkerbeck (ESP)
1783:Björn Dunkerbeck (ESP)
1714:Patrice Belbeoch (FRA)
1691:Björn Dunkerbeck (ESP)
1668:Björn Dunkerbeck (ESP)
1645:Björn Dunkerbeck (ESP)
1622:Björn Dunkerbeck (ESP)
1576:Björn Dunkerbeck (ESP)
1306:Speed Sailing Records
1166:
1002:
792:Rotational sails have
702:
605:glass-reinforced epoxy
480:and his wife Naomi in
408:
360:
317:
288:physics of windsurfing
254:
246:
156:
142:
43:
8221:Synchronized swimming
7777:SurfAid International
7654:Quiksilver Pro France
6773:Parachuting/Skydiving
6342:Pinnace (ship's boat)
5704:Chinese treasure ship
4116:10.1093/rpc/1985rpc59
3837:. Mistral Watersports
3561:on September 11, 2011
3536:on February 19, 2015.
2338:Antoine Martin (GDL)
2335:Marcilio Browne (BRA)
2312:Marcilio Browne (BRA)
2302:COVID-19 - no events
2292:COVID-19 - no events
2279:COVID-19 - no events
2269:COVID-19 - no events
2246:Antoine Martin (GDL)
2128:Thomas Traversa (FRA)
2118:Junko Naghoshi (JPN)
2105:Marcilio Browne (BRA)
2095:Junko Naghoshi (JPN)
2085:Bernd Roediger (USA)
2072:Junko Naghoshi (JPN)
1944:Kevin Pritchard (USA)
1924:Alex Mussolini (ESP)
1898:Scott McKercher (AUS)
1852:Kevin Pritchard (USA)
1819:Angela Cochran (USA)
1809:Francisco Goya (ARG)
1681:Barbara Kendall (NZ)
1612:Angela Cochran (USA)
1589:Angela Cochran (USA)
1566:Angela Cochran (USA)
1406:Year: Men & Women
1237:Ocean Slalom Marathon
1160:
1000:
972:like a sailing boat.
813:). There is a set of
692:
666:, or the old Olympic
406:
358:
312:
252:
245:sailing in California
241:
148:
136:
33:
7802:Surfing South Africa
7792:Surfrider Foundation
6887:Freestyle scootering
6713:Traditional climbing
6357:Thames sailing barge
6188:Recreational vessels
5071:Windsurfing Magazine
4876:www.pwaworldtour.com
4563:www.pwaworldtour.com
4475:"The PWA World Tour"
3423:World of Windsurfing
3378:. 15 September 2019.
3004:"Windsurfing Basics"
2821:Related water sports
2807:Sarah-Quita Offringa
2510:Stephan van den Berg
2450:improve this article
2439:to meet Knowledge's
2411:River, Oregon, USA.
2325:Jessica Crisp (AUS)
2299:COVID-19 - no events
2289:COVID-19 - no events
2276:COVID-19 - no events
2266:COVID-19 - no events
2223:Camille Juban (GDL)
2062:Camille Juban (GDL)
1806:Francisco Goya (ARG)
1763:Jason Polakow (AUS)
1678:Natalie Siebel (GER)
1648:Jason Polakow (AUS)
1632:Natalie Siebel (GER)
1609:Angela Cochran (USA)
1586:Natalie Siebel (GER)
1563:Angela Cochran (USA)
1540:Natalie Siebel (GER)
1471:Shawne O'Neill (USA)
1108:2008 Summer Olympics
863:(similar shape to a
845:Associated Equipment
609:expanded polystyrene
603:foam. Later, hollow
8331:American inventions
8216:Synchronized diving
8026:Activities on water
7969:Activities in water
7903:Surfer's myelopathy
7719:World Surfing Games
7614:Ku Ikaika Challenge
6814:Powered paragliding
6641:Whitewater kayaking
6636:Whitewater canoeing
6378:Nautical operations
6312:Floating restaurant
6200:Ljungström sailboat
5780:Full-rigged pinnace
4842:. December 5, 2015.
4840:American Windsurfer
4824:. October 21, 2017.
4804:The Surfers Journal
4707:aviation-safety.net
4597:. 26 February 2019.
4183:on 11 December 2003
3952:American Windsurfer
3927:American Windsurfer
3899:American Windsurfer
3874:American Windsurfer
3474:American Windsurfer
3223:American Windsurfer
3032:American Windsurfer
2967:— yacht with wheels
2800:Iballa Ruano Moreno
2415:International stars
2243:Philip Köster (GER)
2233:Sarah Hauser (NCL)
2210:Sarah Hauser (NCL)
2197:Philip Köster (GER)
2151:Philip Köster (GER)
2082:Philip Köster (GER)
2059:Philip Köster (GER)
1760:Jason Polakow (AUS)
1737:Jason Polakow (AUS)
1655:Jessica Crisp (AUS)
1448:Debbie Brown (USA)
1209:Short-board classes
1170:Formula windsurfing
1153:Formula Windsurfing
976:Directional control
746:Modern windsurfing
679:Formula Windsurfing
8206:Dragon boat racing
7714:US Open of Surfing
7310:Ocean surface wave
6945:Ski mountaineering
6708:Free solo climbing
6646:Whitewater rafting
5495:and other vessels
5489:Naval and merchant
4440:"24 Hour Distance"
4311:Windsurfing Safety
3858:. 6 December 2015.
3670:The New York Times
3504:. SurferToday.com.
3118:The New York Times
3096:The New York Times
3077:The New York Times
3058:The New York Times
2794:Daida Ruano Moreno
1947:Josh Angulo (USA)
1911:Motoko Sato (JPN)
1602:Robby Naish (USA)
1579:Rush Randle (USA)
1556:Robby Naish (USA)
1533:Mark Angulo (USA)
1530:Robby Naish (USA)
1510:Robby Naish (USA)
1487:Robby Naish (USA)
1438:Alex Aguera (USA)
1345:Luderitz, Namibia
1331:Luderitz, Namibia
1167:
1133:Mistral One Design
1118:one design class.
1064:Long-board classes
1003:
831:center of pressure
703:
664:Mistral One Design
409:
361:
318:
269:After learning of
255:
247:
207:, United States.
157:
143:
44:
8313:
8312:
8262:Modern pentathlon
7927:
7926:
7845:Fictional surfers
7822:World Surf League
7797:Surfing Australia
7724:World Surf League
7550:
7549:
7057:
7056:
6703:Big wall climbing
6451:Kite landboarding
6386:
6385:
6215:Sailing hydrofoil
6067:
6066:
5986:Blackwall frigate
5909:Baltimore Clipper
4858:Windsurf Magazine
4822:Windsurf Magazine
4681:www.tainosgpe.com
4227:Zelasnic, Laura.
4177:slcc.strath.ac.uk
3754:. PWA World Tour.
2954:
2953:
2478:
2477:
2470:
2441:quality standards
2432:This article may
2352:
2351:
2013:Josh Angulo (USA)
1990:Kauli Seadi (BRA)
1967:Kauli Seadi (BRA)
1921:Kauli Seadi (BRA)
1875:Josh Angulo (USA)
1770:Karin Jaggi (SWI)
1599:Robby Naish (USA)
1553:Robby Naish (USA)
1543:Dana Dawes (USA)
1520:Kelby Anno (USA)
1507:Robby Naish (USA)
1497:Kelby Anno (USA)
1435:Robby Naish (USA)
1422:Robby Naish (USA)
1397:The Aloha Classic
1349:
1348:
1163:San Francisco Bay
1161:Formula racer in
884:and Harness lines
870:Universal joint (
656:Racing longboards
493:Baron Marcel Bich
340:On May 21, 1967,
253:Jim Drake's Wing
218:of a kite-shaped
201:Susquehanna River
149:Darby sailboard,
16:(Redirected from
8353:
8303:
8302:
8293:
8292:
8241:Water volleyball
8231:Water basketball
7954:
7947:
7940:
7931:
7930:
7574:Beachley Classic
7527:Puerto Escondido
7384:
7383:
7163:Shoulder surfing
7084:
7077:
7070:
7061:
7060:
6994:Adventure racing
6968:Extreme sledding
6935:Freestyle skiing
6746:Ski-BASE jumping
6619:Technical diving
6466:Mountainboarding
6413:
6406:
6399:
6390:
6389:
5955:Ship of the line
5879:Ship of the line
5501:
5500:
5497:(by origin date)
5276:Full-rigged ship
5177:Fore-and-aft rig
5146:Age of Discovery
5141:Maritime history
5110:
5103:
5096:
5087:
5086:
5045:
5044:
5037:
5031:
5030:
5019:
5013:
5012:
5001:
4995:
4994:
4992:
4990:
4976:
4970:
4969:
4962:
4956:
4955:
4948:
4942:
4941:
4934:
4928:
4927:
4920:
4914:
4913:
4906:
4900:
4899:
4892:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4882:
4868:
4862:
4861:
4850:
4844:
4843:
4832:
4826:
4825:
4814:
4808:
4807:
4796:
4790:
4789:
4778:
4772:
4771:
4768:wwos.nine.com.au
4760:
4754:
4753:
4742:
4736:
4735:
4727:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4717:
4698:
4692:
4691:
4689:
4688:
4673:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4640:
4634:
4633:
4626:
4620:
4619:
4618:. 11 April 2020.
4612:
4599:
4598:
4591:
4585:
4584:
4573:
4567:
4566:
4555:
4546:
4545:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4524:www.sportcal.com
4516:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4506:
4485:
4479:
4478:
4471:
4465:
4464:
4457:
4451:
4450:
4448:
4447:
4436:
4430:
4429:
4427:
4426:
4415:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4405:
4391:
4385:
4384:
4373:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4363:
4349:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4328:
4322:
4307:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4297:
4292:. The Board Lady
4288:Hollman, Eva-M.
4285:
4279:
4276:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4251:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4240:
4224:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4213:
4199:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4188:
4179:. Archived from
4169:
4163:
4162:
4155:
4146:
4143:
4134:
4129:
4120:
4119:
4096:
4090:
4089:
4082:
4073:
4072:
4070:
4069:
4064:on July 10, 2012
4054:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4034:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4008:
4002:
4001:
3995:
3987:
3985:
3984:
3969:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3944:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3934:
3919:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3891:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3866:
3860:
3859:
3852:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3842:
3831:
3825:
3824:
3822:
3821:
3806:
3795:
3794:
3788:
3780:
3778:
3777:
3771:RAND Corporation
3762:
3756:
3755:
3748:
3742:
3741:
3730:
3709:
3708:
3689:
3680:
3674:
3673:
3661:
3655:
3654:
3643:
3637:
3636:
3617:
3611:
3610:
3591:
3585:
3584:
3577:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3566:
3551:
3538:
3537:
3526:
3520:
3519:
3512:
3506:
3505:
3494:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3466:
3455:
3454:
3447:
3441:
3440:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3415:
3409:
3408:
3400:
3391:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3347:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3323:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3306:
3291:
3278:
3277:
3271:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3245:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3158:. Archived from
3152:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3128:
3122:
3121:
3109:
3100:
3099:
3087:
3081:
3080:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3024:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3014:
2999:
2971:Land windsurfing
2959:Kite ice skating
2928:
2895:
2888:
2881:
2872:
2871:
2766:Natalie Lelievre
2673:Boujmaa Guilloul
2661:VĂctor Fernández
2623:Ricardo Campello
2525:Arnaud de Rosnay
2496:Björn Dunkerbeck
2473:
2466:
2462:
2459:
2453:
2427:
2426:
2419:
1786:Nik Baker (GBR)
1517:Dana Dawes (USA)
1484:Robby Naish USA)
1403:
1402:
1323:5 November 2015
1303:
1302:
1286:Bjorn Dunkerbeck
916:marine VHF radio
719:Freestyle boards
462:royalty payments
407:Jim Drake, 1974
231:Twelve-year-old
141:windsurfer, 1967
21:
8361:
8360:
8356:
8355:
8354:
8352:
8351:
8350:
8316:
8315:
8314:
8309:
8281:
8245:
8182:
8020:
7963:
7958:
7928:
7923:
7919:Surf lifesaving
7907:
7874:
7865:Surfwear brands
7826:
7728:
7674:Roxy Pro France
7546:
7532:Shipstern Bluff
7504:Banzai Pipeline
7492:
7375:
7371:Surfboard leash
7329:
7288:
7207:
7203:Women's surfing
7111:
7093:
7088:
7058:
7053:
7024:Obstacle racing
7009:Extreme ironing
6982:
6949:
6913:
6875:
6864:Mountain biking
6835:
6831:Wingsuit flying
6777:
6724:
6691:Alpine climbing
6650:
6575:
6532:
6422:
6417:
6387:
6382:
6366:
6295:
6249:
6183:
6072:Fishing vessels
6063:
6047:
5974:
5883:
5827:
5733:
5687:
5599:
5563:Tessarakonteres
5496:
5494:
5490:
5484:
5405:Outrigger canoe
5315:
5231:
5155:
5124:
5114:
5054:
5049:
5048:
5039:
5038:
5034:
5021:
5020:
5016:
5003:
5002:
4998:
4988:
4986:
4978:
4977:
4973:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4950:
4949:
4945:
4936:
4935:
4931:
4922:
4921:
4917:
4908:
4907:
4903:
4894:
4893:
4889:
4880:
4878:
4870:
4869:
4865:
4852:
4851:
4847:
4834:
4833:
4829:
4816:
4815:
4811:
4798:
4797:
4793:
4786:Tracks Magazine
4780:
4779:
4775:
4762:
4761:
4757:
4744:
4743:
4739:
4728:
4724:
4715:
4713:
4701:Ranter, Harro.
4699:
4695:
4686:
4684:
4675:
4674:
4670:
4661:
4659:
4657:
4641:
4637:
4628:
4627:
4623:
4614:
4613:
4602:
4593:
4592:
4588:
4575:
4574:
4570:
4557:
4556:
4549:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4518:
4517:
4513:
4504:
4502:
4493:Wayback Machine
4486:
4482:
4473:
4472:
4468:
4459:
4458:
4454:
4445:
4443:
4438:
4437:
4433:
4424:
4422:
4417:
4416:
4412:
4403:
4401:
4399:www.redbull.com
4393:
4392:
4388:
4375:
4374:
4370:
4361:
4359:
4351:
4350:
4346:
4337:
4335:
4330:
4329:
4325:
4318:Wayback Machine
4308:
4304:
4295:
4293:
4286:
4282:
4277:
4273:
4263:
4261:
4253:
4252:
4248:
4238:
4236:
4235:on July 2, 2012
4225:
4221:
4211:
4209:
4201:
4200:
4196:
4186:
4184:
4171:
4170:
4166:
4157:
4156:
4149:
4144:
4137:
4130:
4123:
4098:
4097:
4093:
4084:
4083:
4076:
4067:
4065:
4056:
4055:
4051:
4041:
4039:
4032:
4028:
4027:
4023:
4010:
4009:
4005:
3989:
3988:
3982:
3980:
3970:
3966:
3957:
3955:
3946:
3945:
3941:
3932:
3930:
3921:
3920:
3913:
3904:
3902:
3893:
3892:
3888:
3879:
3877:
3868:
3867:
3863:
3854:
3853:
3849:
3840:
3838:
3833:
3832:
3828:
3819:
3817:
3808:
3807:
3798:
3782:
3781:
3775:
3773:
3763:
3759:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3732:
3731:
3712:
3702:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3662:
3658:
3651:Popular Science
3645:
3644:
3640:
3633:
3619:
3618:
3614:
3607:
3593:
3592:
3588:
3579:
3578:
3574:
3564:
3562:
3553:
3552:
3541:
3528:
3527:
3523:
3514:
3513:
3509:
3496:
3495:
3488:
3479:
3477:
3468:
3467:
3458:
3449:
3448:
3444:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3383:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3360:
3358:
3348:
3344:
3335:
3333:
3325:
3324:
3313:
3304:
3302:
3292:
3281:
3265:
3264:
3258:
3256:
3246:
3237:
3228:
3226:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3203:
3201:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3165:
3163:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3140:
3138:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3110:
3103:
3088:
3084:
3069:
3065:
3050:
3046:
3037:
3035:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3012:
3010:
3000:
2996:
2991:
2955:
2950:
2929:
2920:
2904:
2899:
2869:
2823:
2773:Barbara Kendall
2760:Angela Cocheran
2720:
2697:Morgan Noireaux
2667:Marcilio Browne
2641:Thomas Traversa
2635:Gollito Estredo
2611:Matt Schweitzer
2569:Kevin Pritchard
2532:Christian Marty
2518:Anders Bringdal
2483:
2474:
2463:
2457:
2454:
2447:
2428:
2424:
2417:
2408:
2395:
2386:
2377:
2375:Big wave riding
2368:
2359:
1378:
1373:
1354:
1342:Antoine Albeau
1256:
1247:
1239:
1216:
1211:
1198:
1196:Raceboard class
1155:
1149:
1124:
1104:Neil Pryde RS:X
1086:Summer Olympics
1077:
1071:
1066:
1061:
995:
950:
941:
933:
924:
829:(strictly, the
744:
640:Beginner boards
623:in a matrix of
574:
565:
436:
434:Patent disputes
389:
371:The details of
323:universal joint
283:
225:Popular Science
197:S. Newman Darby
181:universal joint
152:Popular Science
131:
90:
34:Windsurfing on
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8359:
8349:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8336:Sailboat types
8333:
8328:
8311:
8310:
8308:
8307:
8297:
8286:
8283:
8282:
8280:
8279:
8274:
8269:
8264:
8259:
8253:
8251:
8247:
8246:
8244:
8243:
8238:
8233:
8228:
8223:
8218:
8213:
8208:
8203:
8198:
8192:
8190:
8184:
8183:
8181:
8180:
8175:
8170:
8169:
8168:
8158:
8153:
8148:
8143:
8138:
8133:
8131:Stone skipping
8128:
8123:
8118:
8113:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8092:
8091:
8084:Paddleboarding
8081:
8076:
8071:
8066:
8061:
8056:
8051:
8046:
8041:
8036:
8030:
8028:
8022:
8021:
8019:
8018:
8016:Water aerobics
8013:
8012:
8011:
8001:
7996:
7991:
7990:
7989:
7979:
7973:
7971:
7965:
7964:
7957:
7956:
7949:
7942:
7934:
7925:
7924:
7922:
7921:
7915:
7913:
7912:Related topics
7909:
7908:
7906:
7905:
7900:
7895:
7890:
7884:
7882:
7876:
7875:
7873:
7872:
7867:
7862:
7857:
7852:
7847:
7842:
7836:
7834:
7828:
7827:
7825:
7824:
7819:
7814:
7809:
7804:
7799:
7794:
7789:
7784:
7779:
7774:
7769:
7764:
7759:
7754:
7749:
7744:
7738:
7736:
7730:
7729:
7727:
7726:
7721:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7696:
7691:
7686:
7681:
7676:
7671:
7666:
7661:
7656:
7651:
7646:
7641:
7636:
7631:
7626:
7621:
7616:
7611:
7606:
7601:
7596:
7591:
7586:
7581:
7576:
7571:
7566:
7560:
7558:
7552:
7551:
7548:
7547:
7545:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7529:
7524:
7519:
7514:
7509:
7506:
7500:
7498:
7494:
7493:
7491:
7490:
7485:
7484:
7483:
7476:United Kingdom
7473:
7468:
7463:
7458:
7453:
7448:
7443:
7438:
7433:
7428:
7423:
7418:
7413:
7408:
7403:
7398:
7392:
7390:
7381:
7377:
7376:
7374:
7373:
7368:
7363:
7358:
7353:
7348:
7343:
7337:
7335:
7331:
7330:
7328:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7307:
7305:Hawaiian scale
7302:
7296:
7294:
7290:
7289:
7287:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
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5075:FollowTheWinds
5072:
5069:WindsurfingMag
5066:
5063:Continentseven
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5052:External links
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4788:. 20 May 2014.
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3835:"Our Heritage"
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3814:PWA World Tour
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3740:. 8 July 2022.
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3653:. August 1965.
3647:"Sailboarding"
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1339:November 2012
1337:
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1327:Antoine Albeau
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1151:Main article:
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1082:sailing events
1073:Main article:
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1049:water treading
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740:Main article:
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697:in the 1980s (
675:
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633:thermoplastics
627:and sometimes
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516:Peter Chilvers
473:Hayling Island
469:Peter Chilvers
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346:Marina del Rey
282:
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233:Peter Chilvers
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36:Columbia River
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8267:Sailing races
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7589:Copa Movistar
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7297:
7295:
7291:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7279:South African
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7217:
7216:
7214:
7210:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7178:Surf kayaking
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7158:River surfing
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7128:Bellyboarding
7126:
7124:
7121:
7120:
7118:
7114:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7099:
7096:
7092:
7085:
7080:
7078:
7073:
7071:
7066:
7065:
7062:
7050:
7047:
7045:
7044:Ultramarathon
7042:
7040:
7037:
7035:
7032:
7030:
7027:
7025:
7022:
7020:
7017:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6991:
6989:
6985:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6960:
6958:
6956:
6952:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6923:
6922:
6920:
6916:
6910:
6907:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6895:
6894:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6884:
6882:
6878:
6870:
6867:
6866:
6865:
6862:
6858:
6857:Freestyle BMX
6855:
6853:
6850:
6849:
6848:
6845:
6844:
6842:
6838:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6815:
6812:
6811:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6786:
6784:
6780:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6763:Cliff jumping
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6738:
6737:
6734:
6733:
6731:
6727:
6721:
6718:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6704:
6701:
6700:
6699:
6698:Rock climbing
6696:
6692:
6689:
6688:
6687:
6684:
6680:
6677:
6676:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6661:
6659:
6657:
6653:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6611:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6586:
6584:
6582:
6578:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6543:
6541:
6539:
6535:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6517:
6516:River surfing
6514:
6513:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6506:Street luging
6504:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6494:
6492:
6489:
6487:
6484:
6482:
6481:Skateboarding
6479:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6471:Riverboarding
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6436:Bellyboarding
6434:
6433:
6431:
6429:
6425:
6421:
6414:
6409:
6407:
6402:
6400:
6395:
6394:
6391:
6379:
6376:
6375:
6373:
6369:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6302:
6298:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6258:
6256:
6254:Special terms
6252:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6220:Sailing yacht
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6192:
6190:
6186:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
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6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6132:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6076:
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6070:
6060:
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6050:
6044:
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6036:
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6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
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6011:
6007:
6004:
6003:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5983:
5981:
5977:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5910:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5890:
5886:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5849:East Indiaman
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5839:Bermuda sloop
5837:
5836:
5834:
5830:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5817:
5813:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
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5778:
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5773:
5771:
5768:
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5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5742:
5740:
5736:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5690:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
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5669:
5666:
5664:
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5608:
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5593:
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5578:
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5564:
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5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5540:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5510:
5508:
5506:
5502:
5499:
5493:
5492:sailing ships
5487:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
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5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
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5348:
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5341:
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5331:
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5327:
5325:
5322:
5318:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
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5279:
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5264:
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4925:
4919:
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4877:
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4867:
4859:
4855:
4849:
4841:
4837:
4831:
4823:
4819:
4813:
4805:
4801:
4800:"Josh Angulo"
4795:
4787:
4783:
4777:
4769:
4765:
4759:
4751:
4747:
4741:
4733:
4726:
4712:
4708:
4704:
4697:
4682:
4678:
4672:
4658:
4656:9780851128788
4652:
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4625:
4617:
4611:
4609:
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4590:
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4525:
4521:
4515:
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4484:
4476:
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4441:
4435:
4420:
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4396:
4390:
4382:
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4306:
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4260:
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3993:
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3701:9780873227605
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3628:
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3606:9781741046755
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3251:
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3220:
3214:
3200:
3196:
3190:
3182:
3176:
3162:on 2020-01-29
3161:
3157:
3151:
3137:
3133:
3127:
3119:
3115:
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3106:
3097:
3093:
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2896:
2891:
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2884:
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2877:
2876:
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2864:
2862:
2858:
2857:can be used.
2856:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2792:
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2786:
2783:
2782:
2781:Jessica Crisp
2778:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2742:Lisa Penfield
2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2730:Julie de Werd
2728:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
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2683:
2680:
2679:Camille Juban
2677:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2654:Philip Köster
2651:
2648:
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2639:
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2618:
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2591:
2588:
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2579:
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2567:
2564:
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2562:Jason Polakow
2559:
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1268:
1267:World Sailing
1264:
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1242:
1234:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1206:
1204:
1193:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1174:World Sailing
1171:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1147:Formula class
1144:
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1138:
1134:
1130:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1091:
1090:
1089:
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1076:
1069:Olympic class
1056:
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1050:
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1044:waterstarting
1040:
1036:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
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990:
988:
984:
983:Fall recovery
980:
977:
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895:
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869:
866:
865:surfboard fin
862:
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749:
743:
738:
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723:
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714:
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708:
707:Slalom boards
705:
700:
699:Poole Harbour
696:
691:
686:
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669:
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324:
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212:square rigged
208:
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177:
175:
174:Lake Michigan
170:
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129:The inventors
126:
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117:
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109:
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99:and American
98:
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63:
58:
56:
52:
48:
41:
37:
32:
19:
8277:Yacht racing
8250:Competitions
8172:
8161:Water skiing
8146:Wakeboarding
8121:Skimboarding
8079:Kneeboarding
8069:Kiteboarding
8049:Cable skiing
8039:Bodyboarding
8009:synchronized
7994:Scuba diving
7987:synchronized
7898:Surfer's ear
7893:Surfer's eye
7888:Shark attack
7669:Rip Curl Pro
7604:Hawaiian Pro
7556:Competitions
7456:South Africa
7198:Wing foiling
7192:
7168:Skimboarding
7153:Lake surfing
7148:Kneeboarding
7143:Kiteboarding
7133:Bodyboarding
7034:Powerbocking
7029:Orienteering
7019:Fell running
7014:Extreme Pogo
6940:Speed skiing
6902:Vert skating
6826:Speed flying
6804:Hang gliding
6758:Cliff-diving
6736:BASE jumping
6674:Ice climbing
6631:Water skiing
6609:Scuba diving
6581:Water sports
6527:
6523:Wakeboarding
6496:Snowboarding
6486:Skimboarding
6476:Sandboarding
6461:Longboarding
6456:Kiteboarding
6441:Bodyboarding
6327:Norfolk punt
6239:
6205:Mast aft rig
6114:Herring buss
6038:West Country
5960:Sloop-of-war
5815:
5811:
5745:Crommesteven
5238:sailing rigs
5212:Mast aft rig
5160:Sailing rigs
5120:vessels and
5035:
5026:
5017:
5008:
4999:
4987:. Retrieved
4984:boards.co.uk
4983:
4974:
4960:
4946:
4932:
4918:
4904:
4890:
4879:. Retrieved
4875:
4866:
4857:
4848:
4839:
4830:
4821:
4812:
4803:
4794:
4785:
4776:
4767:
4758:
4750:mauitime.com
4749:
4740:
4725:
4714:. Retrieved
4706:
4696:
4685:. Retrieved
4680:
4671:
4660:. Retrieved
4645:
4638:
4624:
4589:
4580:
4571:
4562:
4541:
4532:
4523:
4514:
4503:. Retrieved
4489:Ghostarchive
4487:Archived at
4483:
4469:
4455:
4444:. Retrieved
4434:
4423:. Retrieved
4413:
4402:. Retrieved
4398:
4389:
4380:
4371:
4360:. Retrieved
4356:
4347:
4336:. Retrieved
4326:
4309:
4305:
4294:. Retrieved
4283:
4274:
4262:. Retrieved
4258:
4249:
4237:. Retrieved
4233:the original
4222:
4210:. Retrieved
4206:
4197:
4185:. Retrieved
4181:the original
4176:
4167:
4161:. Bic Sport.
4107:
4103:
4094:
4066:. Retrieved
4062:the original
4052:
4040:. Retrieved
4036:
4024:
4015:
4006:
3981:. Retrieved
3978:www.rand.org
3977:
3967:
3956:. Retrieved
3954:. 2015-12-06
3951:
3942:
3931:. Retrieved
3929:. 2015-12-06
3926:
3903:. Retrieved
3901:. 2015-12-06
3898:
3889:
3878:. Retrieved
3876:. 2015-12-06
3873:
3864:
3850:
3839:. Retrieved
3829:
3818:. Retrieved
3813:
3774:. Retrieved
3770:
3760:
3746:
3737:
3705:
3685:
3678:
3669:
3659:
3650:
3641:
3621:
3615:
3595:
3589:
3575:
3563:. Retrieved
3559:the original
3534:the original
3524:
3510:
3501:
3478:. Retrieved
3476:. 2015-12-06
3473:
3445:
3431:
3422:
3413:
3384:
3370:
3359:. Retrieved
3355:
3345:
3334:. Retrieved
3330:
3303:. Retrieved
3299:
3257:. Retrieved
3254:www.rand.org
3253:
3227:. Retrieved
3225:. 2015-12-06
3222:
3213:
3202:. Retrieved
3199:iQFOIL Class
3198:
3189:
3175:
3164:. Retrieved
3160:the original
3150:
3139:. Retrieved
3135:
3126:
3117:
3095:
3085:
3076:
3066:
3057:
3047:
3036:. Retrieved
3034:. 2015-12-06
3031:
3022:
3011:. Retrieved
3007:
2997:
2977:Wakeboarding
2965:Land sailing
2901:
2859:
2845:
2837:Kiteboarding
2835:
2827:Kiteboarding
2824:
2814:Sarah Hauser
2813:
2805:
2799:
2793:
2787:
2779:
2771:
2765:
2759:
2753:
2747:
2741:
2736:Clare Seeger
2735:
2729:
2723:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2678:
2672:
2666:
2660:
2652:
2646:
2640:
2634:
2628:
2622:
2616:
2610:
2604:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2580:
2574:
2568:
2560:
2554:
2548:
2542:
2530:
2524:
2516:
2508:
2502:
2494:
2486:
2464:
2458:January 2021
2455:
2448:Please help
2444:
2433:
2409:
2396:
2387:
2384:Storm riding
2378:
2369:
2366:Wave jumping
2360:
2353:
2330:
2307:
2284:
2261:
2238:
2215:
2192:
2169:
2146:
2123:
2100:
2077:
2054:
2031:
2008:
1985:
1962:
1939:
1916:
1893:
1870:
1847:
1832:Tony Garcia
1824:
1801:
1778:
1755:
1732:
1709:
1686:
1663:
1640:
1617:
1594:
1571:
1548:
1525:
1502:
1479:
1453:
1430:
1417:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1298:
1292:both set in
1271:
1259:Speedsailing
1257:
1254:Speedsailing
1248:
1240:
1232:
1217:
1199:
1187:
1183:
1168:
1136:
1128:
1125:
1100:daggerboards
1096:
1078:
1052:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1026:
1025:
1012:displacement
1011:
1007:
1004:
993:Strong winds
986:
982:
981:
975:
974:
951:
942:
934:
925:
844:
843:
839:
835:
827:
804:
793:
791:
786:
784:
779:
764:
745:
735:
734:
724:
718:
713:Speed boards
712:
706:
677:
667:
663:
659:
655:
649:
639:
613:carbon fiber
599:filled with
597:polyethylene
592:
590:
586:
584:conditions.
575:
566:
557:
554:
549:
545:
533:
531:
529:operations.
527:
523:Newman Darby
520:
509:Newman Darby
505:
488:
486:
478:Newman Darby
466:
451:
447:
440:
437:
412:
410:
398:
394:The Pentagon
390:
370:
362:
350:
339:
319:
304:
284:
275:
268:
256:
230:
223:
209:
205:Pennsylvania
178:
166:
158:
150:
123:
119:
118:
114:
110:
101:Newman Darby
91:
78:
74:
66:kiteboarding
59:
46:
45:
8346:Boardsports
8326:Windsurfing
8257:Boat racing
8188:Team sports
8173:Windsurfing
8156:Wakesurfing
8151:Wakeskating
8096:Parasailing
8074:Kiteboating
8044:Bodysurfing
7977:Aquajogging
7517:La Libertad
7446:New Zealand
7366:Boardshorts
7293:Environment
7264:New Zealand
7193:Windsurfing
7188:Tube riding
7102:Terminology
7039:Slacklining
6821:Parasailing
6809:Paragliding
6768:Tombstoning
6614:Cave diving
6599:High diving
6589:Coasteering
6538:Motorsports
6528:Windsurfing
6501:Snowskating
6446:Dirtsurfing
6428:Boardsports
6322:Mersey flat
6300:Other types
6089:Barca-longa
5991:Down Easter
5628:Bomb vessel
5580:K'un-lun po
5558:Quadriremes
5543:Penteconter
5430:Quadrimaran
5251:Barquentine
5167:Bermuda rig
5136:Age of Sail
4683:(in French)
4542:Surfertoday
4381:Surfertoday
3686:Windsurfing
3502:Surfertoday
3356:LA Observed
2983:Waterskiing
2902:Windsurfing
2861:Windfoiling
2847:Wingsurfing
2831:Wingsurfing
2788:Karin Jaggi
2710:Robby Swift
2691:Frank Ervin
2629:Kauli Seadi
2605:Dave Kalama
2587:Tonky Frans
2581:Josh Angulo
2555:Mark Angulo
2488:Robby Naish
2452:if you can.
2357:Wave riding
1376:Wavesailing
1039:Water-start
1032:snowboarder
948:Light winds
725:Wave boards
701:, England).
644:daggerboard
578:daggerboard
373:Jim Drake's
331:daggerboard
292:Bermuda rig
169:Polynesians
70:wingfoiling
62:windfoiling
47:Windsurfing
27:Water sport
8320:Categories
8236:Water polo
8196:Canoe polo
7999:Snorkeling
7870:Shaka sign
7609:J-Bay Open
7388:By country
7320:Tidal bore
7315:Surf break
7274:Portuguese
7229:Australian
7138:Flowriding
7049:Zip-lining
6930:Freeriding
6852:BMX racing
6794:Air racing
6789:Aerobatics
6720:Skyrunning
6626:Snorkeling
6604:Jet Skiing
6594:Freediving
6566:Rally raid
6556:Rallycross
6491:Skysurfing
6286:Treenailed
6266:Lashed lug
6261:Inflatable
6240:Windsurfer
6225:Sportsboat
6174:Well smack
6043:Windjammer
5970:Trincadour
5940:Padewakang
5790:Man-of-war
5729:Trabaccolo
5668:Malangbang
5470:Vaka katea
5420:Pentamaran
5261:Brigantine
5222:Square rig
5217:Pinisi rig
5197:Lateen rig
5187:Gunter rig
5151:Navigation
4881:2021-01-15
4716:2020-09-09
4687:2020-09-09
4662:2020-09-09
4505:2011-08-06
4446:2011-08-06
4425:2011-08-06
4404:2015-11-29
4362:2021-03-19
4338:2012-08-01
4296:2011-08-06
4264:August 11,
4212:August 11,
4187:12 January
4068:2011-08-06
4042:August 11,
3983:2022-08-06
3958:2022-04-30
3933:2022-04-04
3905:2022-03-20
3880:2022-06-24
3841:2022-04-30
3820:2022-04-30
3776:2022-04-30
3565:August 29,
3480:2022-04-30
3361:2022-04-15
3336:2022-04-15
3305:2022-04-15
3259:2022-04-15
3229:2022-04-15
3204:2022-04-14
3166:2020-01-29
3141:2024-02-05
3038:2022-04-14
3013:2022-04-14
2989:References
2916:Waterstart
2909:Manoeuvres
2843:are used.
2748:Dana Dawes
2724:Jill Boyer
2617:Josh Stone
2599:Mike Waltz
2543:Peter Boyd
1296:, Namibia
1294:Walvis Bay
1290:Zara Davis
1190:beam reach
1137:Bic-Techno
1129:WINDSURFER
1020:"stalling"
1016:cavitation
876:mechanical
660:WINDSURFER
621:fiberglass
593:Windsurfer
563:Trademarks
548:and that,
538:Swan River
513:Englishman
497:patent law
419:one-design
381:interviews
8272:Triathlon
7704:The Eddie
7694:Surfabout
7537:Teahupoʻo
7522:Mavericks
7461:Sri Lanka
7426:Indonesia
7396:Australia
7380:Locations
7361:Foilboard
7341:Surfboard
7334:Equipment
7325:Wave pool
7284:Uruguayan
7259:Maldivian
7234:Brazilian
7224:Argentine
6963:Bobsleigh
6741:Free BASE
6664:Canyoning
6551:Motocross
6281:Tall ship
6109:Gableboat
6023:Leti leti
6013:Janggolan
5945:Post ship
5816:de armada
5805:Speronara
5533:Fire ship
5465:Va'a-tele
5390:Kora kora
5355:Catamaran
5321:Multihull
5227:Tanja rig
5172:Crab claw
5129:Overviews
5116:Types of
4501:. Youtube
4332:"Team 15"
4239:August 6,
4159:"History"
3407:(Report).
3136:ThoughtCo
2934:Equipment
2855:Foilboard
2718:Top women
2575:Nik Baker
2549:Guy Cribb
2393:Freestyle
1315:Location
922:Technique
752:polyester
695:Sandbanks
572:Equipment
458:Bic Sport
428:Hobie Cat
342:Jim Drake
298:" racing
259:Jim Drake
243:Jim Drake
185:catamaran
93:Jim Drake
8295:Category
8178:Yachting
8166:barefoot
8126:Skurfing
8064:Kayaking
8054:Canoeing
8004:Swimming
7787:Surfline
7689:Stubbies
7644:Olympics
7481:Scotland
7356:Wax comb
7300:Closeout
7269:Peruvian
7244:Filipino
7219:American
7123:Big wave
6978:Skeleton
6955:Sledding
6869:Downhill
6656:Climbing
6571:Snocross
6561:Rallying
6546:Drifting
6235:Wharrams
6154:Sixareen
6149:Nordland
6144:Patorani
5930:Gundalow
5915:Gallivat
5900:Chialoup
5895:Bilander
5844:Corvette
5760:Galleass
5719:Lancaran
5678:Tongkang
5663:Longship
5613:Balinger
5513:Balangay
5460:Ungalawa
5455:Trimaran
5450:Tongiaki
5445:Tipairua
5296:Schooner
5192:Junk rig
5182:Gaff rig
4989:24 April
4491:and the
4314:Archived
3992:cite web
3785:cite web
3268:cite web
2867:See also
2841:buoyancy
2434:require
1878:Example
1282:Luderitz
1027:Steering
897:Footwear
892:dry suit
888:Wet suit
807:downhaul
775:aerofoil
650:Freeride
454:Brittany
306:months.
216:lee side
18:Windsurf
8341:Surfing
8305:Commons
8136:Surfing
8116:Sailing
8101:Rafting
8089:standup
8059:Fishing
8034:Boating
7880:Hazards
7832:Culture
7699:Surfest
7542:Uluwatu
7508:Cyclops
7441:Morocco
7436:Madeira
7431:Ireland
7416:Ecuador
7239:British
7212:Surfers
7107:History
7091:Surfing
6880:Rolling
6840:Cycling
6799:Gliding
6729:Falling
6511:Surfing
6371:Related
6169:Tartane
6119:Jangada
6099:Felucca
6094:Falkuša
6052:20th c.
6006:Warship
5996:Golekan
5979:19th c.
5905:Clipper
5888:18th c.
5874:Polacca
5854:Frigate
5832:17th c.
5800:Patache
5795:Manchua
5770:Flyboat
5755:Galleon
5738:16th c.
5709:Caravel
5699:Carrack
5692:15th c.
5658:Kondura
5623:Birlinn
5553:Trireme
5505:Ancient
5440:Tepukei
5395:Lakatoi
5385:Karakoa
5365:Guilalo
5350:Camakau
5335:Amatasi
5323:vessels
5291:Mistico
5266:Catboat
5207:Lug rig
5118:sailing
4207:Mistral
2946:Harness
2481:Top men
2436:cleanup
2406:Big air
1312:Sailor
1245:Super X
1226:around.
1084:at the
882:Harness
821:at the
819:grommet
815:pulleys
811:outhaul
799:leeward
794:battens
787:battens
780:battens
771:battens
729:surfing
662:Class,
629:plywood
582:planing
366:Seattle
296:Flipper
88:History
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2216:2018
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