30:
310:"As the pillaging and plundering went on, TemĂŒjin moved among the people that were hurriedly escaping, calling, âBörte, Börte!â And so he came upon her, for Lady Börte was among those fleeing people. She heard the voice of TemĂŒjin and, recognizing it, she got off the cart and came running towards him. Although it was still night, Lady Börte and QoâaqÄin both recognized TemĂŒjin's reins and tether and grabbed them. It was moonlight; he looked at them, recognized Lady Börte, and they fell into each other's arms." -
494:, the ruler of Liao. After Genghis Khan destroyed the Naiman tribe and Tayang Khan was killed, Juerbiesu made several offensive remarks regarding Mongols, describing their clothes as dirty and smelly. Yet, she abruptly rescinded her claims and visited Genghis Khan's tent alone. He questioned her about the remarks, but was immediately attracted to her beauty. After spending the night with him, Juerbiesu promised to serve him well and he took her as one of his empresses. Her status was only inferior to
441:
until their final dispersal in 1218. Khulan was able to achieve meaningful status as one of TemĂŒjin's wives and managed one of the large wifely camps, in which other wives, concubines, children and animals lived. She gave birth to a son named
Gelejian, who went on to participate with Börte's sons in their father's military campaigns.
284:
by Tatar nomads. In 1178, about 7 years later, TemĂŒjin traveled downstream along the KelĂŒren River to find Börte. When Börte's father saw that TemĂŒjin had returned to marry Börte, he had the pair "united as man and wife". With the permission of her father, TemĂŒjin took Börte and her mother to live in
431:
entered Mongol history when her father, the Merkit leader Dayir Usan, surrendered to TemĂŒjin in the winter of 1203â04 and gave her to him. But, at least according to the Secret
History of the Mongols, Khulan and her father were detained by Naya'a, one of TemĂŒjin's officers, who was apparently trying
401:
At the recommendation of her sister
Yesugen, TemĂŒjin had his men track down and kidnap Yesui. When she was brought to TemĂŒjin, he found her every bit as pleasing as promised and so he married her. The other wives, mothers, sisters and daughters of the Tatars had been parceled out and given to Mongol
440:
In the end, TemĂŒjin accepted Dayir Usan's surrender and Khulan as his new wife. However, Dayir Usan later retracted his surrender, but he and his subjects were eventually subdued, his possessions plundered, and he himself killed. TemĂŒjin continued to carry out military campaigns against the
Merkits
252:
of
Genghis Khan's wives. The guards had to pay particular attention to the individual yurt and camp in which Genghis Khan slept, which could change every night as he visited different wives. When Genghis Khan set out on his military conquests, he usually took one wife with him and left the rest of
542:
claims that
Genghis Khan divorced Ibaqa due to a nightmare in which God commanded him to give her away immediately, and JĂŒrchedei happened to be guarding the tent. Regardless of the rationale, Genghis Khan allowed Ibaqa to keep her title as Khatun even in her remarriage, and asked that she would
528:. After about two years of childless marriage, Genghis Khan abruptly divorced Ibaqa and gave her to the general JĂŒrchedei, a member of the Uru'ut clan and who had killed Jakha Gambhu after the latter turned against Genghis Khan. The exact reason for this remarriage is unknown: According to
462:. The Persian historian Ata-Malik Juvayni records that Möge Khatun "was given to Chinggis Khan by a chief of the Bakrin tribe, and he loved her very much." Ăgedei favored her as well and she accompanied him on his hunting expeditions. She is not recorded as having any children.
363:
and took her in as a wife. She was the daughter of a Tatar leader named Yeke Cheren that TemĂŒjin's army had killed during battle. After the military campaign against the Tatars was over, Yesugen, one of the survivors, went to TemĂŒjin, who slept with her. According to the
237:. Wives and concubines were frequently acquired from conquered territory, and, in the case of Genghis Khan, sometimes whole empires, and the women enrolled as either his wives or concubines were often princesses or queens that were either taken captive or gifted to him.
297:
Börte. She was given to one of their warriors as a spoil of war. TemĂŒjin was deeply distressed by the abduction of his wife and remarked that his "bed was made empty" and his "breast was torn apart". TemĂŒjin rescued her several months later with the aid of his allies
380:
Being loved by him, YisĂŒgen Qatun said, âIf it pleases the Qaâan, he will take care of me, regarding me as a human being and a person worth keeping. But my elder sister, who is called YisĂŒi, is superior to me: she is indeed fit for a
337:(1191â1232). TemĂŒjin had many other children with other wives, but they were excluded from the succession, and only Börte's sons could be considered to be his heirs. Börte was also the mother to several daughters, Kua Ujin Bekhi,
436:
feelings towards Khulan to help her and her father. While TemĂŒjin was interrogating Naya'a, Khulan spoke up in his defense and invited TemĂŒjin to have sex with her and inspect her virginity personally, which pleased him.
280:, TemĂŒjin's father, when she was 10 and he was 9 years old. TemĂŒjin stayed with her and her family until he was called back to take care of his mother and younger siblings, due to the poisoning of
321:
soon after she was rescued. This left doubt as to who the father of the child was, because her captor took her as a "wife" and could have possibly impregnated her. Despite this, TemĂŒjin let
393:
Both the Tatar sisters, Yesugen and Yesui, became TemĂŒjin's principal wives and were given their own camps to manage. TemĂŒjin also took a third woman from the Tatars, an unknown concubine.
402:
men. The Tatar sisters, Yesugen and Yesui, were two of
Genghis Khan's most influential wives. Genghis Khan took Yesui with him when he set out on his final expedition against the
1165:. Books and Monographs. Book 4. Shorter version edited by John C. Street. University of WisconsinâMadison – via Western CEDAR, Western Washington University.
432:
to protect them from Mongol soldiers who were nearby. After they arrived three days later than expected, TemĂŒjin suspected that Naya'a was motivated by his
372:
Yesugen asked TemĂŒjin to treat her well and to not discard her. When TemĂŒjin seemed to agree with this, Yesugen recommended that he also marry her sister
532:, Genghis Khan gave Ibaqa to JĂŒrchedei as a reward for his service in wounding Nilga Senggum in 1203 and, later, in killing Jakha Gambhu. Conversely,
306:. Many scholars describe this event as one of the key crossroads in TemĂŒjin's life, which moved him along the path towards becoming a conqueror.
516:
in 1204. As part of the alliance, Ibaqa was given to
Genghis Khan as a wife. She was the sister of BegtĂŒtmish, who married Genghis Khan's son
479:
was an empress of Qara Khitai, Mongol Empire, and Naiman. She was a renowned beauty on the plains. She was originally a favored concubine of
119:
406:. When he fell ill, Yesui administered the government to hide his condition. Like the other wives of Genghis Khan, she had her own
345:, TĂŒmelĂŒn, and Altalun. However, the poor survival of Mongol records means it is unclear whether she gave birth to all of them.
217:
1149:
1128:
1093:
244:
or camps to live in and manage. Each camp also contained junior wives, concubines, and even children. It was the job of the
1001:
589:
114:
109:
365:
164:
969:
543:
leave him a token of her dowry by which he could remember her. The sources also agree that Ibaqa was quite wealthy.
557:
147:
1160:
823:
The Rise and Fall of the Second
Largest Empire in History: How Genghis Khan's Mongols Almost Conquered the World
1180:
569:
104:
98:
883:
182:
158:
512:
Ibaqa was the eldest daughter of the Kerait leader Jakha Gambhu, who allied with
Genghis Khan to defeat the
137:
79:
487:. Since Tayang Khan was a useless ruler, Juerbiesu was in control of almost all power in Naiman politics.
1085:
210:
152:
142:
1105:"Chapter 4: The Economic Role of Mongol Women: Continuity and Transformation from Mongolia to Iran"
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74:
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1104:
979:
964:
203:
175:
933:
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69:
8:
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29:
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The Secret History of the Mongols: A Mongolian Epic Chronicle of the Thirteenth Century
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84:
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in exchange for his relieving of the Mongol siege upon Zhongdu (Beijing) in the
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remain in the family and claimed him as his own son. Börte had three more sons,
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459:
455:
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330:
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1026:
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During his military campaign against the Tatars, TemĂŒjin fell in love with
230:
44:
561:
484:
338:
1113:
The Mongols' Middle East: Continuity and Transformation in Ilkhanid Iran
276:
and Genghis Khan (then known as TemĂŒjin) was arranged by her father and
507:
458:
was a concubine of Genghis Khan and she later became a wife of his son
411:
289:
was a fine black sable jacket. Soon after the marriage took place, the
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267:
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his wives (and concubines) to manage the empire in his absence.
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Genghis Khan gave several of his high-status wives their own
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Börte was held captive for eight months, and gave birth to
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997:"Commercial Queens: Mongolian Khatuns and the Silk Road"
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1033:
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and after his death, she became the consort of his son
490:
She had a daughter named Princess Hunhu (æžŸćżœć
Źäž») with
1141:
Genghis Khan: His Conquests, His Empire, His Legacy
18:
Wives and concubines of the first Mongol Great Khan
580:Qiquo was the daughter of the Jurchen Jin emperor
1172:
211:
908:Women in Mongol Iran: The Khatuns, 1206â1335
1077:
1060:
960:
920:
877:
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769:
759:. New York: Broadway Paperbacks. p. 2.
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1081:Women and the Making of the Mongol Empire
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910:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 68.
905:
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1159:Rachewiltz, Igor de (11 December 2015).
899:
568:in submission to Mongol rule during the
256:
853:The Secret History of the Mongol Queens
850:
838:The Secret History of the Mongol Queens
835:
757:The Secret History of the Mongol Queens
410:, or court and to her was assigned the
293:attacked their family camp at dawn and
248:(Mongol imperial guard) to protect the
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1137:
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889:
820:
990:
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1002:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
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13:
985:
590:Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty
14:
1197:
530:The Secret History of the Mongols
524:, who married Genghis Khan's son
386:The Secret History of The Mongols
312:The Secret History of the Mongols
1103:De Nicola, Bruno (9 June 2016).
28:
1045:
926:
844:
829:
814:
444:
1:
1078:Broadbridge, Anne F. (2018).
995:May, Timothy (October 2015).
595:
501:
366:Secret History of the Mongols
159:Secret History of the Mongols
600:
465:
7:
939:Part 1, Volume 2, Section 2
10:
1202:
1086:Cambridge University Press
1070:
755:Weatherford, Jack (2010).
556:Chaka was the daughter of
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469:
448:
421:
352:
348:
265:
1015:10.1017/S1356186315000590
906:De Nicola, Bruno (2017).
417:
368:, while they were having
285:his family yurt. Börte's
575:
551:
396:
261:
37:This article is part of
1107:. In De Nicola, Bruno;
631:, pp. 14, 74, 104.
570:campaign of Western Xia
99:Invasions and conquests
1138:McLynn, Frank (2015).
821:Craughwell, Thomas J.
547:Other known concubines
391:
315:
1181:Wives of Genghis Khan
378:
308:
272:The marriage between
257:List of primary wives
1123:. pp. 79â105.
564:. She was given to
233:had many wives and
1144:. Hachette Books.
619:, pp. 74, 92.
148:In popular culture
120:Khwarazmian Empire
80:Khalakhaljid Sands
1151:978-0-306-82395-4
1130:978-90-04-31472-6
1109:Melville, Charles
1095:978-1-108-42489-9
1051:Man 2004, pg. 133
934:Jami' al-tawarikh
772:, pp. 83â84.
745:, pp. 63â64.
718:, pp. 62â63.
703:, pp. 56â57.
691:, pp. 27â28.
679:, pp. 50â51.
655:, pp. 12â14.
643:, pp. 19â20.
539:Jami' al-tawarikh
522:Sorghaghtani Beki
481:Inanch Bilge khan
333:(1186â1241), and
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1186:Lists of wives
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1032:
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976:De Nicola 2016
968:
942:
925:
923:, p. 168.
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825:. p. 159.
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1063:, p. 94.
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880:, p. 89.
879:
874:
868:, p. 88.
867:
862:
855:. p. 28.
854:
851:Weatherford.
847:
840:. p. 82.
839:
836:Weatherford.
832:
824:
817:
811:, p. 84.
810:
805:
799:, p. 85.
798:
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791:
784:, p. 73.
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739:
733:, p. 33.
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667:, p. 49.
666:
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587:
584:, married to
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582:Wanyan Yongji
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534:Rashid al-Din
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404:Tangut Empire
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343:Alakhai Bekhi
340:
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329:(1183â1242),
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1027:ResearchGate
1025:– via
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138:Burial place
132:
126:
75:Dalan Baljut
46:Genghis Khan
15:
963:, pp.
890:McLynn 2015
562:Western Xia
498:and Börte.
485:Tayang Khan
460:Ăgedei Khan
456:Möge Khatun
451:Möge Khatun
445:Möge Khatun
339:Checheikhen
143:Descendants
115:Qara Khitai
110:Jin dynasty
105:Western Xia
1175:Categories
978:, p.
892:, p.
596:References
508:Ibaqa Beki
502:Ibaqa Beki
412:Tuul River
235:concubines
90:Chakirmaut
65:Early life
1023:164009048
601:Citations
558:Li Anquan
477:Juerbiesu
472:Juerbiesu
466:Juerbiesu
300:Wang Khan
295:kidnapped
153:Mausoleum
1111:(eds.).
980:80, n. 8
384:â
327:Chagatai
177:Category
1071:Sources
514:Naimans
381:ruler.â
361:Yesugen
355:Yesugen
349:Yesugen
304:Jamukha
282:YesĂŒgei
278:YesĂŒgei
246:Kheshig
184:Gallery
1148:
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191:Quotes
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552:Chaka
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323:Jochi
319:Jochi
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133:Wives
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