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160:, there were over a hundred saloons. People gathered around these saloons and started throwing all types of alcohol into the street saluting to God to give up alcohol. A major event of the crusade was when Steve Phillips, owner of the Shades of Death (a saloon), surrendered his saloon to the movement. The closure of the Shades of Death was considered the major component of the crusade in Ohio and helped shape the
182:"pray-ins". One challenge that the women faced was the refusal of some saloonkeepers to open their saloons to them. In one case, saloonkeeper Martin Cummins locked his saloon's doors, so the women were unable to enter. In cases like this, the women prayed outside the saloons to send their message about alcohol.
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as customers walked in and out of the saloons.The women faced pushback by business owners who turned the tables on them by singing outside of the crusaders' homes and paying other women to mock them. Ohio was the central location of the crusade, with over one-third of the events taking place there,
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Women organized into a women's league and they wrote their own constitution concerning their views on alcohol. One prominent stop in their march was the saloon of Thomas Chope. They were able to get into his saloon and conducted a prayer in the middle of his saloon. These prayers became known as
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Women marched throughout the street in the cold winter checking to make sure that no sales were made in the saloons. They had routines of prayers and business meetings throughout their long days on the move. The women formed distinct lines, marching on the streets to perform hymns outside of the
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The Women's
Crusade gave women the opportunity to get involved in the public sphere. In the crusade, women used religious methods because they had the most experience in that area. The movement left a lasting impact on woman's involvement in social history and led to the creation of the
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to fight against the vices of alcohol. Contemporary literature depicted alcohol abuse among men as a driver of domestic abusive, profligacy, and neglect of their duties to their families. The goal of the crusade was to close as many saloons as possible using methods of prayer, song, and
140:. Although many people were hesitant about allowing women to be involved in the Temperance Movement, women had many breakthroughs throughout the movement which led to the closure of many saloons across the United States. The
132:, who pushed the crusade by going to saloons and praying and asking the owners to pledge to stop selling alcohol. They asked saloonkeepers to get rid of all their alcohol and to enter a new business.
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298:"WOMAN'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION CONVENTION | Encyclopedia of Cleveland History | Case Western Reserve University"
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128:, referred to as "Mother Stewart". She was a key figure in the crusade. Another figure of the crusade was
76:(WCTU) in November 1874. It was a series of non-violent protests fighting against the dangers of alcohol.
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but the crusade spread to over 900 different communities in over 31 states in the United States.
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605:"The Woman's Crusade in South Charleston, Clark County, Ohio | Temperance & Prohibition"
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431:"The Women's Christian Temperance Union. 1874-1898: Combating Domestic Violence"
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gave women the opportunity to advocate for their rights while they fought for
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403:"Launching the "Last Call": The Women's Crusade against Alcohol, 1873-1874"
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A few of the people in Ohio and other states who were part of the
Crusade:
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saloons. Many of the marchers also prepared pledges for the saloonkeepers.
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campaign in the United States in 1873-1874, preceding the formation of the
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Teaching, Mitchell
Shelton, The Harvey Goldberg Center for Excellence in.
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Teaching, Mitchell
Shelton, The Harvey Goldberg Center for Excellence in.
459:
Teaching, Mitchell
Shelton, The Harvey Goldberg Center for Excellence in.
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Women torch-bearers; the story of the Woman's
Christian temperance union
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Bootleg : murder, moonshine, and the lawless years of prohibition
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New
Hampshire: Mrs. Hutchins Hills, Mrs. Fenner and Mrs. O. H. Wendell
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666:(National Woman's Christian Temperance Union Publishing House, 1924)
565:"The Woman's Crusade in Xenia, Ohio | Temperance & Prohibition"
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461:"Woman's Crusade of 1873-74 - Temperance & Prohibition"
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644:"The Saloon Raid: The Women's Crusade Comes to Berea"
124:The main temperance reformer of the movement was
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164:by leading to the closure of many more saloons.
435:William & Mary Journal of Women and the Law
148:with their growing voice in the public sphere.
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304:. Case Western Reserve University. 12 May 2018
502:Drugs in America : a documentary history
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92:were inspired by a speech given by
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682:Feminist movements and ideologies
530:Karen., Blumenthal (2011-05-24).
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37:Washington Court House, Ohio
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152:The Crusade in Xenia, Ohio
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256:and Mrs. Susan A. Gifford
200:Matilda Gilruth Carpenter
429:Masson, Erin M. (1997).
278:and Mrs. Dr. O. B. Gause
35:Scene at Beck's Saloon,
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248:Emily Huntington Miller
16:For the 1926 film, see
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609:prohibition.osu.edu
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272:Margaret E. Winslow
268:Mary Coffin Johnson
264:Esther Lord McNeill
235:and Miss Emma Janes
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412:2024-05-06
285:References
262:New York:
238:Illinois:
146:temperance
80:Background
70:temperance
550:865473905
308:14 August
86:Cleveland
57:Scene in
623:cite web
584:cite web
480:cite web
302:case.edu
142:movement
106:History
574:16 May
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270:, and
246:, and
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68:was a
507:87–89
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546:OCLC
536:ISBN
511:ISBN
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