1327:, the famous surveyor who laid out the original range across vast tracts of the Australian Outback stretching from Woomera to the North-West coast of Western Australia. Next to Missile Park, there is a museum featuring range artifacts and the activities and people who lived and worked at Woomera in the early years. This museum is located in the former Church of England, one of four former churches which existed in Woomera. Other attractions include a movie theatre (but movie screenings might be infrequent), swimming centre, a well stocked general store and bottle shop, along with two main clubs which offer counter meals on a Thursday (RSL Club) and Friday (Sports Club) nights. Woomera is a haven for observing and understanding Australia's desert flora and fauna, and there is a space observatory which operates one night a week or by appointment.
425:
site, approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) south of
Woomera, along with its 1100 permanent staff, the village population stabilized at around 4,500 people (including around 800 children). In the late 1990s, as the Nurrungar program was winding down, the ADF reassessed the role of Woomera in its future force structure. What became apparent to the ADF at that time was that the Woomera Test Range was the only land-based test range left in the Western world capable of testing the next (or what is now termed '5th') generation of weapons systems within a fully instrumented, land-based, specialized range. This assessment was to result, positively, in redefining the future role and strategic importance of the Woomera Range Complex within Australia's long-term Defence requirements.
417:
of the town during this period, the
Woomera Board, staffed by members of the Defence community at Woomera elected to the Board by town residents, essentially acted in the role normally provided by a local government council. However, the creation of a Defence Estate management organisation in the 1990s shifted the focus of the Board's activities away from estate and infrastructure management toward principally that of a base welfare organisation supporting the small permanent community and the large number of transit Defence personnel who deploy to Woomera each year. Woomera Village, when originally established, was administered by the Long Range Weapons Establishment (LRWE) under the terms of the 'Anglo-Australian Joint Project'. LRWE was based at
73:
485:, the village had 146 permanent residents, whereas the operation of the complex may be up to an additional 500–700 personnel per day. Public visitors (estimated at in excess of 70,000 per annum) generally find Woomera village to be a very quiet place. Principally this is due to the fact that the base is essentially the dinner, bed, and breakfast facility for Defence personnel. Today the complex embraces a much wider range of Defence systems technology and tactics testing and evaluation activities. In terms of space activities only a small number of sub-orbital sounding rocket tests are conducted. In June 2010, however, Woomera hosted the return of the
567:
range. In 2009 Woomera village was the largest ADF domestic base support facility in
Australia, and the village is open to public access. There is a high visitation rate by tourists to view the National Missile Park in the centre of the village (which features aircraft, rockets, bombs and missiles covering the full period of the Range's operations), the Woomera Heritage Centre (which features an introductory audio visual presentation and an interpretive gallery that tells the story of this site), and the Community Museum that is maintained by the village's volunteer community board and which is located within the missile park precinct.
462:
was 1947 to about 1972. In 1980 the Anglo-Australia
Project was closed and the range itself saw little use until about 1991 when the RAAF's Aircraft Research and Development Unit (ARDU) took over the old instrumented range from Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO). Since that time, the RAAF has gradually assumed full control of the entire facility. The complex today is much smaller than it was in 1947, but still covers one-seventh of South Australia. Although there are now several major mines established within the WPA, the Woomera support base is the only permanently established township facility in the WPA.
1306:
The hotel reception, including the "Oasis" bar and restaurant, is located in the former Eldo administration facility. Rooms are generally located close to the main hotel facility and some blocks have names such as "Redstone", "Black Knight", "Blue Steel" and "Skylark" - all former rocket or missile systems once tested at
Woomera. The nearby "Traveller's Village Caravan Park" is a privately operated venture centred around the old "senior ranks' mess" facility at the entrance to the base from the main road. It mostly services the motor home and backpacker travellers passing through Woomera.
1315:
447:, which is approximately 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) north of Woomera Village. The aerodrome lies within the 'Red Zone' of the Woomera Prohibited Area (WPA) and public access to this part of the base is not permitted. Woomera Village, however, is within a "Green Zone" of the WPA and thus public access to the facilities and services of Woomera, including the several museums located in this historic site, is permitted year round. Visitors may also stay in the Defence operated Eldo Hotel, and there is a privately operated public caravan park at the entrance to Woomera Village.
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1449:
1421:
405:
and saw
Woomera become one of the most secret allied establishments in operation during the Cold War. During its heyday (1949–71), the village population reached around 7,000 as people lived and worked at Woomera and at Koolymilka campsite near Range Head, approximately 42 kilometres (26 mi) west of Woomera village within the Woomera Prohibited Area. However, by the end of the 1960s the Anglo-Australian Joint Project was rapidly winding down following the UK Government's reduction in further experimental work.
1353:
454:, the operation of the Base itself is co-managed by the RAAF's Combat Support Group (CSG) and Defence Estate & Infrastructure Group (DEIG). CSG focus on the operational aspects of the base's role, while DEIG focuses on ensuring the base's (and the Range's) facilities and general infrastructure remains fit for the purpose it is needed to support the Range's activities. Woomera Village has always been and continues to be the domestic support facility for the Woomera Range Complex.
512:(USAF) began construction and installation of the Nurrungar Joint Tracking Facility. This facility was located approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) south of Woomera. Over the next 30 years, this project ensured the maintenance of Woomera village infrastructure, with improvements and modernization of facilities. During the period of operations, around 1,100 USAF and ADF personnel and their families were accommodated at Woomera, and the population was around 4,000.
1323:
Woomera
Heritage Centre, which was the former recreation centre for USAF personnel and their families from Nurrungar, features a cafe, a tenpin bowling alley (which was installed by the US Air Force personnel in the 1990s and is still in good working order), a modern interactive display and interpretive centre covering the full life of the Range, a souvenir shop, and a significant display of regional history. This display also features the story of
413:) personnel and contractors to the Commonwealth are able to live at Woomera on a permanent basis. The settlement was established in 1947 as a result of the Department of Defence establishment of the adjacent rocket testing range. The Woomera Village grew rapidly from 1950. A school opened that year with two teachers and by 1955 had grown to be a 'Higher Primary' school from Year 1 to Intermediate (Year 10) with over 300 pupils.
80:
53:
465:
Officially, the village area is referred to as 'Base Sector South' of RAAF Base
Woomera, and like the RAAF Base at Point Cook in Victoria, this part of the complex is open to public access. This is principally so that tourists can access the significant historical displays and museums which cover the
1305:
The base is located in the
Woomera Prohibited Area (WPA) and it is an RAAF establishment. However, similar to the RAAF Base at Point Cook, Woomera is open to the visiting public. Non-Defence visitors to Woomera are able to stay at the 'Eldo Hotel' which offers 400 beds in a varying range of formats.
1295:
The management of the Range's infrastructure is the responsibility of
Defence Support and Reform Group (DSRG), but the Woomera Board is a long-standing and integral part of the base's local support network. The Woomera Board is composed of five elected members from the village's permanent residents,
536:
in 1999, through the refurbishment of the original Woomera Village construction camp at 'Woomera West', eventually brought in new permanent staff (as the Nurrungar people were leaving) to settle and maintain the village population at around 1,200. The immigration detention centre, however, proved to
520:
When the Nurrungar Project came to an end in 1999, the future of the village looked bleak. However, the RAAF was set to take over the range following a long-term study of Defence needs through to 2035, which found that the Woomera Test Range was the only test and evaluation range left in the western
416:
Following its construction over 1947–53, Woomera Village essentially operated under a specialised Commonwealth/Defence township management model rather than a local government (council) model. At the height of its operations (1947–99), over 7,000 people lived in Woomera Village. To service the needs
1653:
Area of WPA was recalculated by Defence in June 2013, pending new legislation, and reduced in size by 2,000 square kilometres (770 sq mi) in November 2014 when Section 400 at Maralinga was officially excised from the WPA and handed back to the traditional owners. Note: The updated area is
1330:
The historic precinct of the town attracts visitors to view local attractions including the Missile Park, Heritage Centre, History Museum and other attractions such as Butement Square, the Eldo Hotel (formerly the "Eldo Mess" for personnel working with the European Launcher Development Organisation
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Woomera's attractions include the Woomera National Aerospace and Missile Park, located near the centre of the village. This park features missiles and rockets that were developed and tested at Woomera over the last 60 years, as well as a number of aircraft which were used in trials at Woomera. The
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The population of Woomera is about 136 permanent residents. However, this number can quadruple with the passage of personnel moving in and out of the base as part of range trials activities. 40 years ago the people who conducted the trials also lived at Woomera, however, with modern communications
461:
The complex was established in support of the Anglo-Australian Joint Project. This cold-war project focussed on the development of long-range weapons systems, principally to counter the growing intercontinental ballistic missile threat from the former Soviet Union. The cold-war heyday of the Range
457:
As of November 2014, the WPA covers an area of approximately 47 square kilometres (18 sq mi) and forms the essential ground area of the whole Range Complex. The Nurrungar Test Area (NTA) is 18 kilometres (11 mi) south of Woomera, and although not within the WPA, it is under the
404:
Woomera, formerly a rocket range site located 183km north-west of Port Augusta, shares its name with an Aboriginal throwing tool, construction of Woomera Village began in mid-1947 to cater for thousands of people moving there as part of the Anglo-Australian Project. The project lasted for 34 years
424:
When the Anglo-Australian Joint Project began to wind down in the early 1970s, the village population began to rapidly drop from its peak of about 7000 residents in the mid-1960s. However, with the establishment of the USAF/ADF Joint Defence Communications Facility in 1969 at the nearby Nurrungar
338:
the Woomera Village had a population of 146, and its usual population varies between 150 and 200 people, yet the village can provide accommodation and services for up to 500 people per day. Although the complex is closed to the public, Woomera village, and its four museum elements, is open to the
566:
Post-2003, the village population stabilized at about 400, but has subsequently dropped to around 150–200. When the RAAF assumed operational command of Woomera in 1999, there was an increase in the number of temporary residents associated with the conduct of test and evaluation activities on the
581:
The village is jointly managed by the RAAF and the Defence Estate & Infrastructure Group (E&IG). Garrison support services for the complex are provided by Defence contractors managed by E&IG. These services include care and maintenance of the base and range infrastructure, messing,
574:. The facilities in the village include a gym, hotel, swimming pool, hospital, cinema, school, two museums and missile park. There is also a supermarket, community radio station (107.3 Triple-R FM Woomera - 'rocket range radio'), post office, bowling alley, a football sports club ('Sporties'),
408:
Woomera Village initially operated as a "closed town" between 1947 and 1982, when the facility supported the operations of the Woomera Rocket Range during the Anglo-Australia Project. Since 1982, the general public has been able to visit and stay at Woomera. However, only Australian Government
545:
Following the closure of the Immigration Detention Centre, and the return of the site to the ADF, Woomera West was redesigned, altered, and re-established as a secure defence garrison support facility and renamed 'Camp Rapier'. It is now frequently used by the
1331:(ELDO). There were three other "Messes": Senior, Staff and Junior Staff ("Jazza") based on military ranking, and then Eldo), and the local observatory. Approximately 65,000 tourists a year visit Woomera, with about half of that number going on to visit
339:
public all year round. The location of the Woomera Village can be described as being in the outback desert area of South Australia. It is approximately 446 kilometres (277 mi) north-west of Adelaide and is in the State region known as the
386:
and was subsequently chosen by the Board of the Long Range Weapons Establishment in April 1947. The new Village was established on Commonwealth land procured for the purpose, and named after the Aboriginal spear throwing implement the
521:
world capable of testing the next generation of ADF defence systems within its land borders – and it could be utilized all year round given its climatic advantages. Additionally, the Federal Government decided to establish several
1292:
technology only the people who provide the range support services now need to live at Woomera. Annually, a total of about 5,000 to 6,000 people deploy to Woomera to conduct tests, trials and training activities at the Range.
1812:
602:) with hot summers, mild winters and low rainfall year-round. The highest recorded temperature is 48.2 °C (118.8 °F) on 20 December 2019, whilst the lowest is −1.4 °C (29.5 °F) on 12 August 1966.
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and four members who are appointed by the current Base Support Manager. The aim of the Woomera Board is to build the sense of community, given its remote location. The Board also prints a weekly news letter -
343:. There are 27 pastoral stations within the Woomera Prohibited Area, which essentially forms the ground space of the Woomera Test Range, and there are currently four major mines (2013) -
537:
be a highly controversial facility and it closed in early 2003 after only about 36 months of operation, at which point the land and buildings were handed back to the Defence Department.
288:, refers to the domestic area of RAAF Base Woomera. Woomera village has always been a Defence-owned and operated facility. The village is located on the traditional lands of the
300:, but is on Commonwealth-owned land and within the area designated as the 'Woomera Prohibited Area' (WPA). The village is approximately 446 kilometres (277 mi) north of
570:
Generally, the residents of Woomera are defence workers or contractors. There are no privately owned homes in the village although some are leased to agencies such as the
458:
operational control of Woomera Range Headquarters in Adelaide. The WPA is the world's largest land-based instrumented defence systems test and evaluation range facility.
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and systems testing range (the 'Woomera Test Range' (WTR)) covering an area of approximately 122,000 square kilometres (47,000 sq mi) and is operated by the
1532:
467:
1632:
352:
214:
202:
1470:
533:
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Sergeant surveyor (1947–48) and road builder (1953–63). There is also a memorial cairn for Len Beadell and his wife Anne in the nearby Woomera Cemetery.
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110:
443:
Woomera Village is a Department of Defence-owned and operated facility. RAAF Base Woomera, when it was established in January 2015, also included the
72:
2030:
582:
accommodation, security, and limited emergency response and airfield service as well as operational support to Defence activities on the Range.
522:
2040:
470:, there are also displays covering the Indigenous and Pioneer heritage of the region. In particular, there is a dedicated section on
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1420:
1717:
2035:
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1863:
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1832:
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1803:
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1779:
571:
410:
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503:
595:
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1433:
1398:
1994:
1603:
331:
1466:
1873:
1825:
475:
1841:
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489:. This was the first planned space re-entry to Australian soil and created another milestone for the Range.
1944:
1919:
1437:
1336:
1332:
103:
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1929:
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340:
293:
207:
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1949:
1924:
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1373:
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to the north of Adelaide city, the site now occupied by Defence Science & Technology Group (DSTG).
418:
316:
305:
58:
17:
1904:
1775:
1500:
1689:
1664:
450:
While the WRC operates under the higher management of Woomera Range Headquarters (WRHQ), located at
575:
309:
24:
1984:
1964:
1914:
551:
509:
388:
609:
Climate data for Woomera (31º09'36"S, 136º48'36"E, 167 m AMSL) (1949-2024 normals and extremes)
554:
as a base camp for specialized training and testing activities. It also has had a detachment of
2004:
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482:
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173:
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1378:
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1314:
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383:
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8:
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330:(WTR), forms the larger entity known as the Woomera Range Complex (WRC), promulgated by
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323:
219:
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344:
297:
43:
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359:. There is also a long-established precious gems (mainly opal) field near the
2019:
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1298:
939:
380:
125:
112:
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around the country to deal with a growing number of illegal immigrants and
1324:
471:
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range's air and space activities since its establishment in 1947. At the
360:
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1969:
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arriving by sea, and Woomera was chosen as a site for such a facility.
1939:
1934:
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Fire across the Desert:Woomera and the Anglo-Australian Joint Project
1108:
312:
16:
This article is about the settlement. For the defence facility, see
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486:
301:
195:
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1889:
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289:
1618:
Place Names of South Australia, 1990, Geoffrey.H.Manning, p.346.
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1432:
1397:
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In 1969, as the Anglo-Australia Project was winding down, the
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52:
1493:"Home | Kokatha Aboriginal Corporation | Port Augusta"
1715:
http://www.woomera.com.au/community/gibber_gabber.htm
1348:
1690:"Woomera Aerodrome Climate Statistics (1949-2024)"
1665:"Woomera Aerodrome Climate Statistics (1949-2024)"
304:. In common usage, "Woomera" refers to the wider
2017:
1788:"Woomera Weather Radar 256 km Loop Picture"
226:
474:who became something of an outback legend as a
391:which extends the range a spear can be thrown.
1857:
1555:
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367:which cuts through the middle of the Range.
1810:
146:
1864:
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1800:"History of Woomera Meteorological Office"
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1457:
1447:
1419:
51:
1550:
515:
1713:- See issues of the Gibber Gabber here:
1313:
1286:
1454:
1438:"Woomera Village (suburb and locality)"
79:
2018:
1822:Series: Woomera, South Australia, 1994
1635:from the original on 24 September 2015
1593:
1538:from the original on 24 September 2015
1845:
1531:. The Government of South Australia.
1473:from the original on 23 November 2015
492:
428:
1520:
1518:
534:Woomera Immigration Detention Centre
497:
2031:History of Australia (1945–present)
1587:
13:
1369:British nuclear tests at Maralinga
14:
2052:
1752:
1515:
1407:Australian Census 2021 QuickStats
1279:(1949-2024 normals and extremes)
578:, Thrift Shop, and Bowling Club.
558:from South Australia stay there.
2041:1947 establishments in Australia
1654:promulgated on the WPACO website
1526:"Far North SA government region"
1503:from the original on 10 May 2021
1351:
1318:Northern section of Missile Park
504:Joint Defense Facility Nurrungar
399:
78:
71:
1726:
1707:
1682:
1657:
1647:
1561:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1434:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1403:"Woomera (suburb and locality)"
1399:Australian Bureau of Statistics
375:The settlement draws its name,
194:446 km (277 mi) N of
1766:. 25 July 2009. Archived from
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1612:
1485:
1426:
1391:
540:
379:, from a suggestion from RAAF
334:(CAF) in June 2014. As at the
1:
1874:Outback Communities Authority
1872:Communities serviced by the
1826:National Library of Australia
1384:
523:immigration detention centres
476:Royal Australian Survey Corps
322:Woomera 'village' is part of
561:
550:and squadrons of the RAAF's
370:
7:
2036:Far North (South Australia)
1629:"Explore Australia Woomera"
1469:. postcodes-australia.com.
1342:
1012:Average precipitation days
798:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
728:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
556:Australian Air Force Cadets
93:Location in South Australia
10:
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1467:"Woomera, South Australia"
1374:RAAF Woomera Range Complex
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435:RAAF Woomera Range Complex
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317:Royal Australian Air Force
306:RAAF Woomera Range Complex
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18:RAAF Woomera Range Complex
15:
1880:
1814:Collection of photographs
1776:"Woomera Weather Station"
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487:Hayabusa Deep Space Probe
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168: (77 years ago)
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2026:Towns in South Australia
1833:Woomera, South Australia
1565:"Woomera (State Suburb)"
576:Returned Services League
310:Australian Defence Force
186:169 m (554 ft)
552:Airfield Defence Guards
510:United States Air Force
468:Woomera Heritage Centre
61:Woomera Heritage Centre
32:Town in South Australia
1594:Morton, Peter (1989).
1569:2016 Census QuickStats
1442:Australian Census 2021
1359:South Australia portal
1319:
516:The new era of Woomera
326:which, along with the
126:31.20000°S 136.82250°E
1804:Bureau of Meteorology
1792:Bureau of Meteorology
1780:Bureau of Meteorology
1760:"Blast from the Past"
1694:Bureau of Meteorology
1669:Bureau of Meteorology
1379:RAAF Woomera Airfield
1335:(location of the BHP
1317:
1287:Woomera village today
1277:Bureau of Meteorology
572:Bureau of Meteorology
445:RAAF Woomera Airfield
411:Department of Defence
1811:Miller, Bob (1994).
1770:on 3 September 2009.
1744:on 29 December 2008.
1720:14 June 2009 at the
658:Record high °C (°F)
384:Alfred George Pither
131:-31.20000; 136.82250
23:For other uses, see
1764:Adelaide Advertiser
868:Record low °C (°F)
452:RAAF Base Edinburgh
215:Federal division(s)
203:State electorate(s)
122: /
1738:www.woomera.com.au
1598:. Canberra: AGPS.
1320:
1059:Average afternoon
592:hot desert climate
493:Settlement history
429:Defence facilities
332:Chief of Air Force
328:Woomera Test Range
2013:
2012:
1818:(Image catalogue)
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1230:possible sunshine
1061:relative humidity
498:Nurrungar project
439:RAAF Base Woomera
324:RAAF Base Woomera
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1563:(27 June 2017).
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1436:(28 June 2022).
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1401:(28 June 2022).
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298:South Australia
286:Woomera village
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400:Establishment
392:
390:
385:
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381:Group Captain
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368:
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362:
358:
354:
353:Peculiar Knob
350:
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303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
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274:
270:
262:
256:
251:
246:
245:
242:
239:
237:
236:Mean min temp
234:
232:
231:Mean max temp
229:
228:
224:
221:
218:
216:
212:
209:
206:
204:
200:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
175:
171:
159:
155:
151:
144:
140:
135:
107:
105:
101:
74:
65:
60:
54:
49:
45:
36:
30:
26:
19:
1999:
1824:. Canberra:
1821:
1813:
1768:the original
1763:
1742:the original
1737:
1728:
1709:
1697:. Retrieved
1684:
1672:. Retrieved
1659:
1649:
1637:. Retrieved
1623:
1614:
1595:
1589:
1572:. Retrieved
1568:
1540:. Retrieved
1505:. Retrieved
1496:
1487:
1475:. Retrieved
1441:
1428:
1410:. Retrieved
1406:
1393:
1329:
1321:
1304:
1297:
1294:
1290:
942:mm (inches)
599:
589:
580:
569:
565:
544:
531:
519:
507:
480:
464:
460:
456:
449:
442:
423:
415:
407:
403:
376:
374:
327:
321:
285:
281:
280:
240:
235:
230:
29:
1945:Leigh Creek
1920:Fowlers Bay
1477:22 November
1337:Olympic Dam
1333:Roxby Downs
1325:Len Beadell
541:Camp Rapier
483:2016 census
472:Len Beadell
363:end of the
361:Coober Pedy
336:2016 census
174:Postcode(s)
157:Established
129: /
117:136°49′21″E
104:Coordinates
2020:Categories
1980:Parachilna
1970:Oodnadatta
1930:Innamincka
1605:0644060689
1385:References
1014:(≥ 0.2 mm)
502:See also:
357:Cairn Hill
345:Challenger
296:region of
142:Population
1960:Mannahill
1950:Lyndhurst
1940:Kingoonya
1935:Iron Knob
1925:Glendambo
1885:Andamooka
1734:"Tourism"
1574:21 August
1542:16 August
1109:dew point
562:Post-2003
419:Salisbury
371:Etymology
341:Far North
313:aerospace
294:Far North
272:Footnotes
257:183.9 mm
183:Elevation
114:31°12′0″S
1910:Coorabie
1905:Cockburn
1718:Archived
1639:2 August
1633:Archived
1533:Archived
1501:Archived
1471:Archived
1343:See also
1275:Source:
1228:Percent
1223:3,342.8
1111:°C (°F)
1107:Average
938:Average
723:(118.8)
718:(118.8)
713:(116.4)
708:(107.4)
703:(101.5)
678:(103.8)
673:(109.4)
668:(116.2)
663:(118.6)
409:(mostly
302:Adelaide
275:Location
252:12.7 °C
247:25.8 °C
196:Adelaide
191:Location
2000:Woomera
1895:Blinman
1890:Beltana
1497:Kokatha
1412:28 June
1339:Mine).
1310:Tourism
1176:(38.3)
1171:(38.7)
1166:(35.2)
1161:(33.4)
1156:(33.8)
1151:(34.3)
1146:(36.9)
1141:(39.2)
1136:(40.5)
1131:(40.8)
1126:(42.3)
1121:(43.7)
1116:(41.4)
1007:(7.24)
1002:(0.58)
997:(0.66)
992:(0.66)
987:(0.56)
982:(0.50)
977:(0.54)
972:(0.63)
967:(0.67)
962:(0.50)
957:(0.49)
952:(0.73)
947:(0.71)
933:(29.5)
928:(47.8)
923:(41.9)
918:(39.9)
913:(35.2)
908:(29.5)
903:(30.4)
898:(32.0)
893:(31.5)
888:(40.6)
883:(47.1)
878:(50.5)
873:(46.9)
863:(55.0)
858:(64.0)
853:(59.7)
848:(54.5)
843:(49.1)
838:(44.2)
833:(42.4)
828:(44.1)
823:(48.9)
818:(55.8)
813:(62.6)
808:(66.9)
803:(67.5)
793:(78.6)
788:(90.5)
783:(85.8)
778:(79.7)
773:(73.2)
768:(66.2)
763:(62.8)
758:(63.3)
753:(69.3)
748:(78.1)
743:(87.1)
738:(92.8)
733:(94.5)
698:(90.7)
693:(83.5)
688:(84.0)
683:(88.5)
586:Climate
481:At the
395:History
389:woomera
377:woomera
290:Kokatha
282:Woomera
162: (
25:Woomera
1985:Penong
1965:Marree
1915:Copley
1837:Curlie
1699:6 July
1674:6 July
1602:
1507:3 June
1446:
1418:
1220:328.6
1217:312.0
1214:300.7
1211:273.0
1208:260.4
1205:226.3
1202:207.0
1199:232.5
1196:264.0
1193:300.7
1190:296.6
1187:341.0
614:Month
596:Köppen
355:, and
259:7.2 in
2005:Yunta
1990:Pimba
1975:Olary
1955:Marla
1536:(PDF)
1529:(PDF)
1054:48.7
1005:183.8
653:Year
254:55 °F
249:78 °F
208:Giles
145:132 (
1701:2024
1676:2024
1641:2015
1600:ISBN
1576:2017
1544:2015
1509:2021
1479:2015
1414:2022
1063:(%)
1051:3.6
1048:4.5
1045:4.3
1042:4.5
1039:5.1
1036:5.4
1033:5.5
1030:4.8
1027:3.0
1024:2.5
1021:2.4
1018:3.1
1000:14.7
995:16.7
990:16.7
985:14.1
980:12.8
975:13.6
970:16.0
965:17.1
960:12.8
955:12.5
950:18.6
945:18.1
931:−1.4
906:−1.4
901:−0.9
891:−0.3
876:10.3
861:12.8
856:17.8
851:15.4
846:12.5
816:13.2
811:17.0
806:19.4
801:19.7
791:25.9
786:32.5
781:29.9
776:26.5
771:22.9
766:19.0
761:17.1
756:17.4
751:20.7
746:25.6
741:30.6
736:33.8
731:34.7
721:48.2
716:48.2
711:46.9
706:41.9
701:38.6
696:32.6
691:28.6
686:28.9
681:31.4
676:39.9
671:43.0
666:46.8
661:48.1
650:Dec
647:Nov
644:Oct
641:Sep
638:Aug
635:Jul
632:Jun
629:May
626:Apr
623:Mar
620:Feb
617:Jan
437:and
220:Grey
178:5720
164:1947
160:1947
150:2021
59:RAAF
1835:at
1270:75
1267:75
1264:76
1261:75
1258:76
1255:76
1252:71
1249:68
1246:71
1243:78
1240:79
1237:80
1234:79
1174:3.5
1169:3.7
1164:1.8
1159:0.8
1154:1.0
1149:1.3
1144:2.7
1139:4.0
1134:4.7
1129:4.9
1124:5.7
1119:6.5
1114:5.2
1102:30
1099:22
1096:22
1093:24
1090:30
1087:36
1084:43
1081:45
1078:39
1075:31
1072:26
1069:23
1066:21
926:8.8
921:5.5
916:4.4
911:1.8
896:0.0
886:4.8
881:8.4
871:8.3
841:9.5
836:6.8
831:5.8
826:6.7
821:9.4
600:BWh
147:SAL
2022::
1820:.
1802:.
1790:.
1778:.
1762:.
1736:.
1692:.
1667:.
1631:.
1567:.
1552:^
1517:^
1499:.
1495:.
1456:^
1440:.
1405:.
1302:.
598::
351:,
347:,
319:.
1865:e
1858:t
1851:v
1828:.
1806:.
1794:.
1782:.
1703:.
1678:.
1643:.
1608:.
1578:.
1546:.
1511:.
1481:.
1444:.
1416:.
594:(
166:)
152:)
27:.
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
