Wright brothers - Knowledge

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the problem. They hinged the rudder and connected it to the pilot's warping "cradle", so a single movement by the pilot simultaneously controlled wing-warping and rudder deflection. The apparatus made the trailing edge of the rudder turn away from whichever end of the wings had more drag (and lift) due to warping. The opposing pressure produced by turning the rudder enabled corrective wing-warping to reliably restore level flight after a turn or a wind disturbance. Furthermore, when the glider banked into a turn, rudder pressure overcame the effect of differential drag and pointed the nose of the aircraft in the direction of the turn, eliminating adverse yaw.

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ship at the surface. The idea of deliberately leaning, or rolling, to one side seemed either undesirable or did not enter their thinking. Some of these other investigators, including Langley and Chanute, sought the elusive ideal of "inherent stability", believing the pilot of a flying machine would not be able to react quickly enough to wind disturbances to use mechanical controls effectively. The Wright brothers, on the other hand, wanted the pilot to have absolute control. For that reason, their early designs made no concessions toward built-in stability (such as

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were "as critical to the ultimate success of the Wright brothers as were the gliders." The devices allowed the brothers to balance lift against drag and accurately calculate the performance of each wing. They could also see which wings worked well as they looked through the viewing window in the top of the tunnel. The tests yielded a trove of valuable data never before known and showed that the poor lift of the 1900 and 1901 gliders was entirely due to an incorrect Smeaton value, and that Lilienthal's published data were fairly accurate for the tests he had done.

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insisted that stalls were caused by pilot error. He cooperated with the Army to equip the airplanes with a rudimentary flight indicator to help the pilot avoid climbing too steeply. A government investigation said the Wright model C was "dynamically unsuited for flying", and the American military ended its use of airplanes with "pusher" type propellers, including models made by both the Wright and Curtiss companies, in which the engine was located behind the pilot and likely to crush him in a crash. Orville resisted the switch to manufacturing "

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accumulation of experiences", including gradual progression from gliders to powered flight, and from straight flights to circuits requiring turning the aeroplane. The account reported "some slight success in flying through the air at the end of the Summer of 1903". The Wrights were said to have solved flight control issues to achieve controlled turns on a one mile circuit on September 20, 1904, followed by five minute flights in the ensuing weeks, and a 24 mile, 38 minute flight in summer 1905.

56: 2489:, moving the horizontal elevator from the front to the back and adding wheels although keeping the skids as part of the undercarriage unit. It had become apparent by then that a rear elevator would make an airplane easier to control, especially as higher speeds grew more common. The new version was designated the "Model B", although the original canard design was never referred to as the "Model A" by the Wrights. However, the U.S. Army Signal Corps which bought the airplane did call it "Wright type A". 2137: 1056: 2080: 2982: 10297: 1411:

established formulae for either marine or air propellers, and they found themselves with no sure starting point. They discussed and argued the question, sometimes heatedly, until they concluded that an aeronautical propeller is essentially a wing rotating in the vertical plane. On that basis, they used data from more wind tunnel tests to design their propellers. The finished blades were just over eight feet long, made of three laminations of glued spruce. The Wrights decided on twin "

1333: 1379: 2767: 1000: 1038: 640: 1247: 2516: 65: 435: 2173: 1773: 3017:. Supporters of the post-Wright pioneers argue that techniques used by the Wright brothers disqualify them as first to make successful airplane flights. Those techniques were: A launch rail; skids instead of wheels; a headwind at takeoff; and a catapult after 1903. Supporters of the Wright brothers argue that proven, repeated, controlled, and sustained flights by the brothers entitle them to credit as inventors of the airplane, regardless of those techniques. 2590: 444: 2008: 1309: 402:-based shop with printing presses, bicycles, motors, and other machinery. Their work with bicycles, in particular, influenced their belief that an unstable vehicle such as a flying machine could be controlled and balanced with practice. This was a trend, as many other aviation pioneers were also dedicated cyclists and involved in the bicycle business in various ways. From 1900 until their first powered flights in late 1903, the brothers conducted extensive 2657: 2827: 586: 1571:

However, when out about eight hundred feet the machine began pitching again, and, in one of its darts downward, struck the ground. The distance over the ground was measured to be 852 feet; the time of the flight was 59 seconds. The frame supporting the front rudder was badly broken, but the main part of the machine was not injured at all. We estimated that the machine could be put in condition for flight again in about a day or two.

2045: 1706: 719: 3580:, Ohio. Following a sinking spell that developed soon after midnight, Wilbur Wright, aviator and aeroplane builder, died of typhoid fever at 3:15 am to-day. Wright had been lingering for many days and though his condition from time to time gave some hopes to members of his family, the attending physicians, Drs. D.B. Conklin and Levi Spitler, maintained throughout the latter part of his sickness that he could not recover. 1632: 10285: 3070: 7253: 7238: 1191: 10273: 2610: 1576: 1841: 10249: 1305:, "They knew that when the earlier 1901 glider banked, it would begin to slide sideways through the air, and if the side motion was left uncorrected, or took place too quickly, the glider would go into an uncontrolled pivoting motion. Now, with vertical fins added to correct this, the glider again went into a pivoting motion, but in the opposite direction, with the nose swinging downward." 2276:

they would never fly together to avoid the chance of a double tragedy and to ensure one brother would remain to continue their experiments. Next, Orville took his 82-year-old father on a nearly 7-minute flight, the only powered aerial excursion of Milton Wright's life. The aircraft rose to about 350 feet (107 m) while the elderly Wright called to his son, "Higher, Orville, higher!".

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During the spring and summer they suffered many hard landings, often damaging the aircraft and causing minor injuries. On August 13, making an unassisted takeoff, Wilbur finally exceeded their best Kitty Hawk effort with a flight of 1,300 feet (400 m). They then decided to use a weight-powered catapult to make takeoffs easier and tried it for the first time on September 7.

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Nevertheless, the Smithsonian later proudly displayed the Aerodrome in its museum as the first heavier-than-air craft "capable" of manned powered flight, relegating the Wright brothers' invention to secondary status and triggering a decades-long feud with Orville Wright, whose brother had received help from the Smithsonian when beginning his own quest for flight.

1020:, a group of sand dunes up to 100 feet (30 m) high (where they made camp in each of the next three years). Although the glider's lift was less than expected, the brothers were encouraged because the craft's front elevator worked well and they had no accidents. However, the small number of free glides meant they were not able to give wing-warping a true test. 1187:

one. Intent on confirming the correct Smeaton value, Wilbur performed his own calculations using measurements collected during kite and free flights of the 1901 glider. His results correctly showed that the coefficient was very close to 0.0033 (similar to the number Langley used), not the traditional 0.0054, which would significantly exaggerate predicted lift.

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course over Huffman Prairie between September 26 and October 5. Wilbur made the last and longest flight, 24.5 miles (39.4 km) in 38 minutes and 3 seconds, ending with a safe landing when the fuel ran out. The flight was seen by a number of people, including several invited friends, their father Milton, and neighboring farmers.

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relapsing and remitting for many days. Wilbur died, at age 45, at the Wright family home on May 30. His father wrote about Wilbur in his diary: "A short life, full of consequences. An unfailing intellect, imperturbable temper, great self-reliance and as great modesty, seeing the right clearly, pursuing it steadfastly, he lived and died."

1887:– a product of the nation's foremost scientist – only to see it plunge twice into the Potomac River "like a handful of mortar", was particularly unreceptive to the claims of two unknown bicycle makers from Ohio. Thus, doubted or scorned, the Wright brothers continued their work in semi-obscurity, while other aviation pioneers like Santos-Dumont, 829: 2020:, a mechanic from Dayton, became the first fixed-wing aircraft passenger on separate flights with both brothers on May 14, 1908. Later, Wilbur over-controlled the front elevator and crashed into the sand at about 50 miles per hour (80 km/h). He emerged with bruises and hurt ribs, but the accident ended the practice flights. 2184:, where Wilbur made many more public flights in nearby Pont Long. Wilbur gave rides to a procession of officers, journalists, and statesmen, including his sister Katharine on March 17, 1909. The brothers established the world's first flying school to meet the French syndicate requirements to train three French pilots ( 2114:

Mans in June 1908 to assemble the Flyer. She was fluent in Greek, French and English and translated the technical discussions between Wright and her husband. Wilbur promised her that he would make his first European flight the day her baby was born which he did, August 8, 1908. He became Elizabeth Bollée's godfather.

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interests and were justified in expecting fair compensation for the years of work leading to their successful invention. Their 10-year friendship with Octave Chanute, already strained by tension over how much credit, if any, he might deserve for their success, collapsed after he publicly criticized their actions.

3143:. As the positions of both states can be factually defended, and each played a significant role in the history of flight, neither state has an exclusive claim to the Wrights' accomplishment. Notwithstanding the competition between those two states, in 1937 the Wrights' last bicycle shop and home were moved from 2448:. In fact, this patent was well known to participants in the Wright-Curtiss lawsuit. A U.S. federal judge who reviewed previous inventions and patents and upheld the Wright patent against the Curtiss company reached the opposite conclusion of Gibbs-Smith, saying the Boulton patent "is not anticipatory". 4509:

I chose Kitty Hawk because it seemed the place which most closely met the re-quired conditions. In order to obtain sup-port from the air it is necessary, with wings of reasonable size, to move through it at the rate of fifteen or twenty miles per hour. ... If the wind blows with proper speed, support

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in April 1917, no acceptable American-designed airplanes were available, and American forces were compelled to use French machines. Orville and Katharine Wright believed Curtiss was partly responsible for Wilbur's premature death, which occurred in the wake of his exhausting travels and the stress of

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bestowed awards upon them. Dayton followed up with a lavish two-day homecoming celebration on June 17 and 18. On July 27, 1909 Orville, with Wilbur assisting on the ground, completed the proving flights for the U.S. Army. The flights met the requirements that the aircraft carry two persons while

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in December 1907, inviting bids for construction of a flying machine under military contract. The Wrights submitted their bid in January, and were awarded a contract on February 8, 1908. Then on March 23, 1908, the brothers had a contract to form the French company La Compagnie Générale de Navigation

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was so unstable as to be almost unmanageable by anyone but the Wrights, who had trained themselves in the 1902 glider. In a recreation attempt on the event's 100th anniversary on December 17, 2003, Kevin Kochersberger, piloting an exact replica, failed in his effort to match the success that the

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for surface coverings. They also designed and carved their own wooden propellers, and had a purpose-built gasoline engine fabricated in their bicycle shop. They thought propeller design would be a simple matter and intended to adapt data from shipbuilding. However, their library research disclosed no

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evolve: wing-warping for roll (lateral motion), forward elevator for pitch (up and down) and rear rudder for yaw (side to side). On March 23, 1903, the Wrights applied for their famous patent for a "Flying Machine", based on their successful 1902 glider. Some aviation historians believe that applying

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In short, the Wrights discovered the true purpose of the movable vertical rudder. Its role was not to change the direction of flight, as a rudder does in sailing, but rather, to aim or align the aircraft correctly during banking turns and when leveling off from turns and wind disturbances. The actual

1076:. The brothers brought all of the material they thought was needed to be self-sufficient at Kitty Hawk. Besides living in tents once again, they built a combination workshop and hangar. Measuring 25 feet (7.6 m) long by 16 feet (4.9 m) wide, the ends opened upward for easy glider access. 5933:

with the approval of the U.S. government. All patent litigation ceased automatically. Royalties were reduced to one percent and free exchange of inventions and ideas took place among all the airframe builders. The Wright-Martin company (successor to the Wright Company) and the Curtiss company (which

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was a supporter of the Wrights' claim to primacy in flight. He wrote that a barn door can be made to "fly" for a short distance if enough energy is applied to it; he determined that the very limited flight experiments of Ader, Vuia, and others were "powered hops" instead of fully controlled flights.

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We dared to hope we had invented something that would bring lasting peace to the earth. But we were wrong ... No, I don't have any regrets about my part in the invention of the airplane, though no one could deplore more than I do the destruction it has caused. I feel about the airplane much the same

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went on public display on December 17, 1948, the 45th anniversary of the only day it was flown successfully. The Wright brothers' nephew Milton (Lorin's son), who had seen gliders and the Flyer under construction in the bicycle shop when he was a boy, gave a brief speech and formally transferred the

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to license airshows which the Club approved, freeing participating pilots from a legal threat. Promoters of approved shows paid fees to the Wrights. The Wright brothers won their initial case against Curtiss in February 1913 when a judge ruled that ailerons were covered under the patent. The Curtiss

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Curtiss refused to pay license fees to the Wrights and sold an airplane equipped with ailerons to the Aeronautic Society of New York in 1909. The Wrights filed a lawsuit, beginning a years-long legal conflict. They also sued foreign aviators who flew at U.S. exhibitions, including the leading French

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The brothers' sister Katharine, a school teacher, rushed from Dayton to Virginia and stayed by Orville's side for the seven weeks of his hospitalization. She helped negotiate a one-year extension of the Army contract. A friend visiting Orville in the hospital asked, "Has it got your nerve?" "Nerve?"

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and his family. Bollée was the owner of an automobile factory where Wilbur would assemble the Flyer and where he would be provided with hired assistance. Bollée and his wife would fly that autumn with Wilbur. Madame Carlotta Bollée had been in the latter stages of pregnancy when Wilbur arrived in Le

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On September 20, 1904, Wilbur flew the first complete circle in history by a manned heavier-than-air powered machine, covering 4,080 feet (1,244 m) in about a minute and a half. Their two best flights were November 9 by Wilbur and December 1 by Orville, each exceeding five minutes and

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historian Fred Howard noted some speculation that the brothers may have intentionally failed to fly in order to cause reporters to lose interest in their experiments. Whether that is true is not known, but after their poor showing local newspapers virtually ignored them for the next year and a half.

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Orville apparently visualized that the fixed rudder resisted the effect of corrective wing-warping when attempting to level off from a turn. He wrote in his diary that on the night of October 2, "I studied out a new vertical rudder". The brothers then decided to make the rear rudder movable to solve

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They then built a six-foot (1.8 m) wind tunnel in their shop, and between October and December 1901 conducted systematic tests on dozens of miniature wings. The "balances" they devised and mounted inside the tunnel to hold the wings looked crude, made of bicycle spokes and scrap metal, but

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On the basis of observation, Wilbur concluded that birds changed the angle of the ends of their wings to make their bodies roll right or left. The brothers decided this would also be a good way for a flying machine to turn – to "bank" or "lean" into the turn just like a bird – and just like a person

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The Wright brothers always presented a unified image to the public, sharing equally in the credit for their invention. Biographers note that Wilbur took the initiative in 1899 and 1900, writing of "my" machine and "my" plans before Orville became deeply involved when the first person singular became

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was incorporated on November 22, 1909. The brothers sold their patents to the company for $ 100,000 and also received one-third of the shares in a million dollar stock issue and a 10 percent royalty on every airplane sold. With Wilbur as president and Orville as vice president, the company set up a

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The lawsuits damaged the public image of the Wright brothers, who were generally regarded before this as heroes. Critics said the brothers were greedy and unfair, and compared their actions unfavorably to European inventors, who worked more openly. Supporters said the brothers were protecting their

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upheld the verdict against the Curtiss company, which continued to avoid penalties through legal tactics. Orville apparently felt vindicated by the decision, and much to the frustration of company executives, he did not push vigorously for further legal action to ensure a manufacturing monopoly. In

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in 1912, Wilbur took the leading role in the patent struggle, travelling incessantly to consult with lawyers and testify in what he felt was a moral cause, particularly against Curtiss, who was creating a large company to manufacture aircraft. The Wrights' preoccupation with the legal issue stifled

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In March 1904, the Wright Brothers applied for French and German patents. The French patent was granted on July 1, 1904. According to Combs, regarding the U.S. patent, "... by 1906 the drawings in the Wright patents were available to anyone who wanted badly enough to get them. And they gave proof –

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editor Georges Besançon wrote that the flights "have completely dissipated all doubts. Not one of the former detractors of the Wrights dare question, today, the previous experiments of the men who were truly the first to fly ..." Leading French aviation promoter Ernest Archdeacon wrote, "For a

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In May they went back to Kitty Hawk with their 1905 Flyer to practice for their contracted demonstration flights. Their privacy was lost when several correspondents arrived on the scene. The brothers' contracts required them to fly with a passenger, so they modified the 1905 Flyer by installing two

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covering nearly three miles in almost four circles. By the end of the year the brothers had accumulated about 50 minutes in the air in 105 flights over the rather soggy 85 acres (34 ha) pasture, which, remarkably, is virtually unchanged today from its original condition and is now part of

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Wilbur started the fourth and last flight at just about 12 o'clock. The first few hundred feet were up and down, as before, but by the time three hundred ft had been covered, the machine was under much better control. The course for the next four or five hundred feet had but little undulation.

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Within weeks of the first powered flight, this Ohio newspaper described "what the Wright brothers' invention has accomplished" – after years of glider tests, four successful flights in a powered flier that has "no balloon attachments of any kind, but is supported in the air by a pair of aerocurves,

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The brothers flew the glider for only a few days in the early autumn of 1900 at Kitty Hawk. In the first tests, probably on October 3, Wilbur was aboard while the glider flew as a kite not far above the ground with men below holding tether ropes. Most of the kite tests were unpiloted, with sandbags

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On May 25, 1910, back at Huffman Prairie, Orville piloted two unique flights. First, he took off on a six-minute flight with Wilbur as his passenger, the only time the Wright brothers ever flew together. They received permission from their father to make the flight. They had always promised Milton

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Following repairs, the Wrights finally took to the air on December 17, 1903, making two flights each from level ground into a freezing headwind gusting to 27 miles per hour (43 km/h). The first flight, by Orville at 10:35 am, of 120 feet (37 m) in 12 seconds, at a speed of only

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Wilbur made a March 1903 entry in his notebook indicating the prototype propeller was 66% efficient. Modern wind tunnel tests on reproduction 1903 propellers show they were more than 75% efficient under the conditions of the first flights, "a remarkable feat", and actually had a peak efficiency of

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reduced to a ratio of 1-in-24, in contrast to the previous thicker wing. The larger aspect ratio was achieved by increasing the wingspan and shortening the chord. The glider also had a new structural feature: A fixed, rear vertical rudder, which the brothers hoped would eliminate turning problems.

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The brothers decided to find out if Lilienthal's data for lift coefficients were correct. They devised an experimental apparatus which consisted of a freely rotating bicycle wheel mounted horizontally in front of the handlebars of a bicycle. The brothers took turns pedaling the bicycle vigorously,

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The pilot lay flat on the lower wing, as planned, to reduce aerodynamic drag. As a glide ended, the pilot was supposed to lower himself to a vertical position through an opening in the wing and land on his feet with his arms wrapped over the framework. Within a few glides, however, they discovered

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The Wrights based the design of their kite and full-size gliders on work done in the 1890s by other aviation pioneers. They adopted the basic design of the Chanute-Herring biplane hang glider ("double-decker" as the Wrights called it), which flew well in the 1896 experiments near Chicago, and used

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Other aeronautical investigators regarded flight as if it were not so different from surface locomotion, except the surface would be elevated. They thought in terms of a ship's rudder for steering, while the flying machine remained essentially level in the air, as did a train or an automobile or a

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in another hang gliding crash in October 1899 only reinforced their opinion that a reliable method of pilot control was the key to successful – and safe – flight. At the outset of their experiments they regarded control as the unsolved third part of "the flying problem". The other two parts –

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as filmed from a heavier-than-air aircraft. Following a brief training flight he gave to a German pilot in Berlin in June 1911, Wilbur never flew again. He gradually became occupied with business matters for the Wright Company and dealing with different lawsuits. Upon dealing with the patent

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President Taft, his cabinet, and members of Congress were part of the viewing crowd of 10,000. Following the successful flights, the Army awarded the Wrights $ 25,000, plus $ 2500 for each mile per hour they exceeded 40 miles per hour. Orville and Katharine then traveled to Germany, where Orville

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At Huffman Prairie, lighter winds made takeoffs harder, and they had to use a longer starting rail than the 60-foot (18 m) rail used at Kitty Hawk. The first flights in 1904 revealed problems with longitudinal stability, solved by adding ballast and lengthening the supports for the elevator.

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The flat plate was oriented so its drag would push the wheel in the opposite direction of the airfoil. The airfoil and flat plate were made in specific sizes such that, according to Lilienthal's measurements, the lift generated by the airfoil would exactly counterbalance the drag generated by the

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The Wrights used this equation to calculate the amount of lift that a wing would produce. Over the years a wide variety of values had been measured for the Smeaton coefficient; Chanute identified up to 50 of them. Wilbur knew that Langley, for example, had used a lower number than the traditional

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brought together several men who tested various types of gliders over the sand dunes along the shore of Lake Michigan. In August, Lilienthal was killed in the plunge of his glider. These events lodged in the minds of the brothers, especially Lilienthal's death. The Wright brothers later cited his

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After 42 years living at their residence on 7 Hawthorn Street, Orville, Katharine, and their father, Milton, moved to Hawthorn Hill in spring 1914. Milton died in his sleep on April 3, 1917, at age 88. Up until his death, Milton had been very active, preoccupied with reading,

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In 1910 the Wrights advertised for a person to undertake "plane sewing", which was corrected by the Dayton newspaper that published it to "plain sewing". Ida Holdgreve, a dress maker, applied for the role and became head seamstress at the Wright Company Factory, sewing the fabric "for the wings,

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Each of the three axes – pitch, roll, and yaw – now had its own independent control. These modifications greatly improved stability and control, enabling a series of six dramatic "long flights" ranging from 17 to 38 minutes and 11 to 24 miles (18 to 39 km) around the three-quarter mile

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The Wrights issued their own factual statement to the press in January. Nevertheless, the flights did not create public excitement – if people even knew about them – and the news soon faded. In Paris, however, Aero Club of France members, already stimulated by Chanute's reports of Wright gliding

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Hoping to improve lift, they built the 1901 glider with a much larger wing area and made dozens of flights in July and August for distances of 50 to 400 ft (15 to 122 m). The glider stalled a few times, but the parachute effect of the forward elevator allowed Wilbur to make a safe flat

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riding a bicycle, an experience with which they were thoroughly familiar. Equally important, they hoped this method would enable recovery when the wind tilted the machine to one side (lateral balance). They puzzled over how to achieve the same effect with man-made wings and eventually discovered

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Wilbur spent the next year before his death traveling, where he spent a full six months in Europe attending to various business and legal matters. Wilbur urged American cities to emulate the European – particularly Parisian – philosophy of apportioning generous public space near every important

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or its successors, nor any museum or other agency, bureau or facilities administered for the United States of America by the Smithsonian Institution or its successors shall publish or permit to be displayed a statement or label in connection with or in respect of any aircraft model or design of

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The Smithsonian hoped to salvage Langley's aeronautical reputation by proving the Aerodrome could fly; Curtiss wanted to prove the same thing to defeat the Wrights' patent lawsuits against him. The tests had no effect on the patent battle, but the Smithsonian made the most of them, honoring the

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In 1912–1913 a series of fatal crashes of Wright airplanes bought by the U.S. Army called into question their safety and design. The death toll reached 11 by 1913, half of them in the Wright model C. All six model C Army airplanes crashed. They had a tendency to nose dive, but Orville

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European companies which bought foreign patents the Wrights had received sued other manufacturers in their countries. Those lawsuits were only partly successful. Despite a pro-Wright ruling in France, legal maneuvering dragged on until the patent expired in 1917. A German court ruled the patent

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a flying machine, powered or not. The technique of wing-warping is described, but the patent explicitly states that other methods instead of wing-warping could be used for adjusting the outer portions of a machine's wings to different angles on the right and left sides to achieve lateral (roll)

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out of control. Selfridge suffered a fractured skull in the crash and died that evening in the nearby Army hospital, becoming the first airplane crash fatality. Orville was badly injured, suffering a broken left leg and four broken ribs. Twelve years later, after he suffered increasingly severe

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The Wrights were glad to be free from the distraction of reporters. The absence of newsmen also reduced the chance of competitors learning their methods. After the Kitty Hawk powered flights, the Wrights made a decision to begin withdrawing from the bicycle business so they could concentrate on

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had made on December 14, 1782. In a message to their family, Wilbur referred to the trial as having "only partial success", stating "the power is ample, and but for a trifling error due to lack of experience with this machine and this method of starting, the machine would undoubtedly have flown

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adequate to overcome the drag of the total frame ...," in the words of Combs. The Wrights then "... measured the pull in pounds on various parts of their aircraft, including the pull on each of the wings of the biplane in level position in known wind velocities ... They also devised a

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Kitty Hawk, although remote, was closer to Dayton than other places Chanute had suggested, including California and Florida. The spot also gave them privacy from reporters, who had turned the 1896 Chanute experiments at Lake Michigan into something of a circus. Chanute visited them in camp each

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In late 1885 or early 1886, while playing an ice-skating game with friends Wilbur was struck in the face by a hockey stick by Oliver Crook Haugh, who later became a serial killer. Wilbur lost his front teeth. He had been vigorous and athletic until then, and although his injuries did not appear

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He became ill on a business trip to Boston in April 1912. The illness is sometimes attributed to eating bad shellfish at a banquet. After returning to Dayton in early May 1912, worn down in mind and body, he fell ill again and was diagnosed with typhoid fever. He lingered on, his symptoms

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The Wright brothers were certainly complicit in the lack of attention they received. Fearful of competitors stealing their ideas, and still without a patent, they flew on only one more day after October 5. From then on, they refused to fly anywhere unless they had a firm contract to sell their

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asserts, "it is impossible to imagine Orville, bright as he was, supplying the driving force that started their work and kept it going from the back room of a store in Ohio to conferences with capitalists, presidents, and kings. Will did that. He was the leader, from the beginning to the end."

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The brothers turned their attention to Europe, especially France, where enthusiasm for aviation ran high, and journeyed there for the first time in 1907 for face-to-face talks with government officials and businessmen. They also met with aviation representatives in Germany and Britain. Before

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from 1887 until his death in 1906, experimented for years with model flying machines and successfully flew unmanned powered fixed-wing model aircraft in 1896 and 1903. Two tests of his manned full-size motor-driven Aerodrome in October and December 1903, however, were complete failures.

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and a French syndicate on October 19, 1905. The U.S. Board of Ordnance and Fortification replied on October 24, 1905, specifying they would take no further action "until a machine is produced which by actual operation is shown to be able to produce horizontal flight and to carry an

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They invited reporters to their first flight attempt of the year on May 23, on the condition that no photographs be taken. Engine troubles and slack winds prevented any flying, and they could manage only a very short hop a few days later with fewer reporters present. Library of Congress

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Katharine married Henry Haskell of Kansas City, a former Oberlin classmate, in 1926. Orville was furious and inconsolable, feeling he had been betrayed by his sister Katharine. He refused to attend the wedding or even communicate with her. He finally agreed to see her, apparently at Lorin's

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Reporters showed up the next day (only their second appearance at the field since May the previous year), but the brothers declined to fly. The long flights convinced the Wrights they had achieved their goal of creating a flying machine of "practical utility" which they could offer to sell.

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refused to publish the story, saying the flights were too short to be important. Meanwhile, against the brothers' wishes, a telegraph operator leaked their message to a Virginia newspaper, which concocted a highly inaccurate news article that was reprinted the next day in several newspapers

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This 1906 article describes how the Wrights' experiments were conducted in "strict secrecy for several years", with "not more than a dozen persons" being in on the secret. One insider stated that the brothers had "not sought for spectacular success", and instead described their "progressive

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With their new method, the Wrights achieved true control in turns for the first time on October 9, a major milestone. From September 20 until the last weeks of October, they flew over a thousand flights. The longest duration was up to 26 seconds, and the longest distance more than 600 feet

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possible and remains standard on airplanes of all kinds. Their first U.S. patent did not claim invention of a flying machine, but rather a system of aerodynamic control that manipulated a flying machine's surfaces. From the beginning of their aeronautical work, Wilbur and Orville focused on

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especially severe, he became withdrawn. He had planned to attend Yale. Instead, he spent the next few years largely housebound. During this time he cared for his mother, who was terminally ill with tuberculosis, read extensively in his father's library and ably assisted his father during

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summed up Europe's opinion of the Wright brothers in an editorial on February 10, 1906: "The Wrights have flown or they have not flown. They possess a machine or they do not possess one. They are in fact either fliers or liars. It is difficult to fly. It's easy to say, 'We have flown'."

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Orville wrote Curtiss, "Claim 14 of our patent no. 821,393, specifically covers the combination which we are informed you are using. If it is your desire to enter the exhibition business, we would be glad to take up the matter of a license to operate under our patent for that purpose."

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aircraft. They wrote to the U.S. government, then to Britain, France and Germany with an offer to sell a flying machine, but were rebuffed because they insisted on a signed contract before giving a demonstration. They were unwilling even to show their photographs of the airborne Flyer.

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They tested wing-warping using control ropes from the ground. The glider was also tested unmanned while suspended from a small homemade tower. Wilbur, but not Orville, made about a dozen free glides on only a single day, October 20. For those tests the brothers trekked four miles

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Aerodrome in its museum and publications. The Institution did not reveal the extensive Curtiss modifications, but Orville Wright learned of them from his brother Lorin and a close friend of his and Wilbur's, Griffith Brewer, who both witnessed and photographed some of the tests.

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Deeply shocked and upset by the accident, Wilbur determined to make even more impressive flight demonstrations; in the ensuing days and weeks he set new records for altitude and duration. On September 28, Wilbur won the Commission of Aviation prize, and then on December 31, the

1976:. Writing to his superiors, Lahm smoothed the way for Wilbur to give an in-person presentation to the U.S. Board of Ordnance and Fortification in Washington, DC, when he returned to the U.S. This time, the Board was favorably impressed, in contrast to its previous indifference. 1374:

and propeller efficiency that would answer whether or not they could supply to the propellers the power necessary to deliver the thrust to maintain flight ... they even computed the thrust of their propellers to within 1 percent of the thrust actually delivered ..."

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in front of the wings rather than behind, apparently believing this feature would help to avoid, or protect them from, a nosedive and crash like the one that killed Lilienthal. Wilbur incorrectly believed a tail was not necessary, and their first two gliders did not have one.

1811:, a technology enthusiast, saw a few flights including the first circle. Articles he wrote for his beekeeping magazine were the only published eyewitness reports of the Huffman Prairie flights, except for the unimpressive early hop local newsmen saw. Root offered a report to 2314:

The concept of varying the angle presented to the air near the wingtips, by any suitable method, is central to the patent. The patent also describes the steerable rear vertical rudder and its innovative use in combination with wing-warping, enabling the airplane to make a

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the system of three-axis flight control on the 1902 glider was equal to, or even more significant, than the addition of power to the 1903 Flyer. Peter Jakab of the Smithsonian asserts that perfection of the 1902 glider essentially represents invention of the airplane.

2076:. In the following days, Wilbur made a series of technically challenging flights, including figure-eights, demonstrating his skills as a pilot and the capability of his flying machine, which far surpassed those of all other pioneering aircraft and pilots of the day. 859:. Lilienthal, whose work the Wrights carefully studied, used cambered wings in his gliders, proving in flight the advantage over flat surfaces. The wooden uprights between the wings of the Wright glider were braced by wires in their own version of Chanute's modified 1587:(who snapped the famous "first flight" photo using Orville's pre-positioned camera), and Will Dough, all of the U.S. government coastal lifesaving crew; area businessman W.C. Brinkley; and Johnny Moore, a teenaged boy who lived in the area. After the men hauled the 1287:

The wind tunnel tests, made from October to December 1901, were described by biographer Fred Howard as "the most crucial and fruitful aeronautical experiments ever conducted in so short a time with so few materials and at so little expense". In their September 1908

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According to some Wright biographers, Wilbur probably did all the gliding until 1902, perhaps to exercise his authority as older brother and to protect Orville from harm as he did not want to have to explain to their father, Bishop Wright, if Orville got injured.

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The Wright Company transported the first known commercial air cargo on November 7, 1910, by flying two bolts of dress silk 65 miles (105 km) from Dayton to Columbus, Ohio, for the Morehouse-Martens Department Store, which paid a $ 5,000 fee. Company pilot

2169:. In January 1909 Orville and Katharine joined him in France, and for a time they were the three most famous people in the world, sought after by royalty, the rich, reporters, and the public. The kings of Great Britain, Spain, and Italy came to see Wilbur fly. 1759:

offered the same marginal performance as the first two. Its maiden flight was on June 23 and the first few flights were no longer than 10 seconds. After Orville suffered a bone-jarring and potentially fatal crash on July 14, they rebuilt the

1566:. The next two flights covered approximately 175 and 200 feet (53 and 61 m), by Wilbur and Orville respectively. Their altitude was about 10 feet (3.0 m) above the ground. The following is Orville Wright's account of the final flight of the day: 2912:

to give Orville Wright his last airplane flight, more than 40 years after his historic first flight. He may even have briefly handled the controls. He commented that the wingspan of the Constellation was longer than the distance of his first flight.

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The brothers' contracts with the U.S. Army and a French syndicate depended on successful public flight demonstrations that met certain conditions. The brothers had to divide their efforts. Wilbur sailed for Europe; Orville would fly near Washington, DC.

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Wilbur's world famous Model A Flyer "France" sits in a hall of honor on display in a Paris museum after Wilbur donated it to the French. Its whereabouts afterwards are unknown. Sharing space with the Wright A is a Bleriot VI or VII, an Antoinette and a

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Orville dropped out of high school after his junior year to start a printing business in 1889, having designed and built his own printing press with Wilbur's help. Wilbur joined the print shop, and in March the brothers launched a weekly newspaper, the

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article, the Wrights explained, "The calculations on which all flying machines had been based were unreliable, and ... every experiment was simply groping in the dark ... We cast it all aside and decided to rely entirely upon our own investigations."

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design, which they did not give up until 1910. The glider, however, delivered two major disappointments. It produced only about one-third the lift calculated and sometimes pointed opposite the intended direction of a turn – a problem later known as

806:, North Carolina, to begin their manned gliding experiments. In his reply to Wilbur's first letter, Octave Chanute had suggested the mid-Atlantic coast for its regular breezes and soft sandy landing surface. Wilbur also requested and examined U.S. 608:, Ohio, where the family had lived during the 1870s, prevented Wilbur from receiving his diploma after finishing four years of high school. The diploma was awarded posthumously to Wilbur on April 16, 1994, which would have been his 127th birthday. 9446: 6491:... Wilbur Wright ... was looking at how they laid out their spaces , and he said: Every important public building has open space in front of it, so you could enjoy it. Why haven't we done that in New York? Why don't we do that in our city? 2537:

stabilizers, rudders, fins and I don't know what all" of the planes produced there. She was trained in how to cut and sew the fabric to stretch it tight over the frame so it wouldn't rip by Duval La Chapelle, who was Wilbur's mechanic in France.

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In years to come, Dayton newspapers would proudly celebrate the hometown Wright brothers as national heroes, but the local reporters somehow missed one of the most important stories in history as it was happening a few miles from their doorstep.

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Lilienthal had made "whirling arm" tests on only a few wing shapes, and the Wrights mistakenly assumed the data would apply to their wings, which had a different shape. The Wrights took a huge step forward and made basic wind tunnel tests on 200

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On November 23, 1948, the executors of Orville's estate signed an agreement for the Smithsonian to purchase the Flyer for one dollar. At the insistence of the executors, the agreement also included strict conditions for display of the airplane.

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developing a reliable method of pilot control as the key to solving "the flying problem". This approach differed significantly from other experimenters of the time who put more emphasis on developing powerful engines. Using a small home-built

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as I do in regard to fire. That is, I regret all the terrible damage caused by fire, but I think it is good for the human race that someone discovered how to start fires and that we have learned how to put fire to thousands of important uses.

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A few newspapers published articles about the long flights, but no reporters or photographers had been there. The lack of splashy eyewitness press coverage was a major reason for disbelief in Washington, DC, and Europe, and in journals like

1919:, was publicly scornful of the brothers' claims despite published reports; specifically, he wrote several articles and, in 1906, stated that "the French would make the first public demonstration of powered flight.” The Paris edition of the 2691:

finally relented by publishing, for the first time, a list of the Aerodrome modifications and recanting the misleading statements it had published about the 1914 tests. Orville then privately requested the British museum to return the

7219: 666:) and in 1896 began manufacturing their own brand. They used this endeavor to fund their growing interest in flight. In the early or mid-1890s they saw newspaper or magazine articles and probably photographs of the dramatic glides by 569:, he traveled often and the Wrights frequently moved – twelve times before finally returning permanently to Dayton in 1884. In elementary school, Orville was given to mischief and was once expelled. In 1878, when the family lived in 3119:

was the site of the Wrights' first powered flight. With a spirit of friendly rivalry, Ohio adopted the slogan "Birthplace of Aviation" (later "Birthplace of Aviation Pioneers", recognizing not only the Wrights, but also astronauts

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When we think what we might have accomplished if we had been able to devote this time to experiments, we feel very sad, but it is always easier to deal with things than with men, and no one can direct his life entirely as he would

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with the forward elevator and rear rudder both enlarged and placed several feet farther away from the wings. They also installed a separate control for the rear rudder instead of linking it to the wing-warping "cradle" as before.

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A practical flyer having been finally realized, we spent the years 1906 and 1907 in constructing new machines and in business negotiations. It was not till May of this year that experiments were resumed at Kill Devil Hill, North

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creating air flow over the horizontal wheel. Attached vertically to the wheel were an airfoil and a flat plate mounted 90° away. As air passed by the airfoil, the lift it generated, if unopposed, would cause the wheel to rotate.

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The Smithsonian based its claim for the Aerodrome on short test flights Glenn Curtiss and his team made with it in 1914. The Smithsonian had allowed Curtiss to make major modifications to the craft before attempting to fly it.

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On June 24, 1903, Wilbur made a second presentation in Chicago to the Western Society of Engineers. He gave details about their 1902 experiments and glider flights, but avoided any mention of their plans for powered flight.

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The suit finally ended with the advent of World War I when the aircraft manufacturers established the Manufacturers' Aircraft Association to coordinate wartime aircraft manufacturing in the United States and formed a

2072:, France. His first flight lasted only 1 minute 45 seconds, but his ability to effortlessly make banking turns and fly a circle amazed and stunned onlookers, including several pioneer French aviators, among them 2532:

made the flight – which was more an exercise in advertising than a simple delivery – in an hour and six minutes with the cargo strapped in the passenger's seat. The silk was cut into small pieces and sold as souvenirs.

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On October 7, 1908, Edith Berg, the wife of the brothers' European business agent, became the first American woman passenger when she flew with Wilbur – one of many passengers who rode with him that autumn, including

2810:, while Wilbur was in Europe. Katharine and Orville oversaw the project in his absence. Wilbur's one known expression upon the design of the house was that he have a room and bathroom of his own. The brothers hired 2676:

in 1928, refusing to donate it to the Smithsonian while the Institution "perverted" the history of the flying machine. Orville would never see his invention again, as he died before its return to the United States.

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At left, 1901 glider flown by Wilbur (left) and Orville. At right, 1902 glider flown by Wilbur (right) and Dan Tate, their helper. Dramatic improvement in performance is apparent. The 1901 glider flies at a steep

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public building. He was also constantly back and forth between New York, Washington, and Dayton. All of the stresses were taking a toll on Wilbur physically. Orville would remark that he would "come home white".

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km) northeast of Dayton. The Wrights referred to the airfield as Simms Station in their flying school brochure. They received permission to use the field rent-free from owner and bank president Torrance Huffman.

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The AEA's other members became dismayed when Curtiss unexpectedly dropped out of their organization; they later came to believe he had sold the rights to their joint innovation to the United States Government.

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themselves, but it was rejected. In January 1904, they hired Ohio patent attorney Henry Toulmin, and on May 22, 1906, they were granted U.S. Patent 821393 for "new and useful Improvements in Flying Machines".

1553:, the brothers did not make any attempts that day, even though the weather was good, so their first powered test flight happened on the 121st anniversary of the first hot air balloon test flight that the 2853:

Orville made his last flight as a pilot in 1918 in a 1911 Model B. He retired from business and became an elder statesman of aviation, serving on various official boards and committees, including the

1698:). The Wright brothers did not have the luxury of being able to give away their invention: It had to be their livelihood. Thus, their secrecy intensified, encouraged by advice from their patent attorney, 9453: 3439:, pictured at left in this photo ("HartBerg with WilburWright.jpg"), is often mis-identified as Léon Bollée, the car factory owner where Wilbur assembled the Model A; Bollée was a much larger man. 2090:

The French public was thrilled by Wilbur's feats and flocked to the field by the thousands, and the Wright brothers instantly became world-famous. Former doubters issued apologies and effusive praise.

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Wright, Milton. The Reeder Family. The Making Of A Township: Being an Account of the Early Settlement and Subsequent Development of Fairmount Township Grant County, Indiana 1829–1917, pages 223–227.

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for 28 years. In 1930, he received the first Daniel Guggenheim Medal established in 1928 by the Daniel Guggenheim Fund for the Promotion of Aeronautics. In 1936, he was elected a member of the

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In 1906, skeptics in the European aviation community had converted the press to an anti-Wright brothers stance. European newspapers, especially those in France, were openly derisive, calling them

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their work on new designs, and by 1911 Wright airplanes were considered inferior to those of European makers. Indeed, aviation development in the U.S. was suppressed to such an extent that, when

1415:" propellers (counter-rotating to cancel torque), which would act on a greater quantity of air than a single relatively slow propeller and not disturb airflow over the leading edge of the wings. 4510:

can be obtained without movement with reference to the ground. It is safer to practice in a wind, provided this is not too much broken up into eddies and sudden gusts by hills, trees, &c.

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organization, the Manufacturers Aircraft Association, to which member companies paid a blanket fee for the use of aviation patents, including the original and subsequent Wright patents. The "

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However, the 1902 glider encountered trouble in crosswinds and steep banked turns, when it sometimes spiraled into the ground – a phenomenon the brothers called "well digging". According to

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Despite Lilienthal's fate, the brothers favored his strategy: to practice gliding in order to master the art of control before attempting motor-driven flight. The death of British aeronaut

421:, argues that the Wrights were excellent self-taught engineers who could run a small company, but did not have the business skills or temperament to dominate the growing aviation industry. 6159:

Cragg 1973, p. 272. The author obtained information at the Fort Sam Houston Museum that also records the place of the flights as the Arthur MacArthur Field, then used for cavalry drill.

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to emulate lateral control described in the patent and demonstrated by the Wrights in their public flights. Soon after the historic July 4, 1908, one-kilometer flight by Curtiss in the

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It was decided by the family that a new and far grander house would be built, using the money that the Wrights had earned through their inventions and business. Called affectionately

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rode along as his passenger, serving as an official observer. A few minutes into the flight at an altitude of about 100 feet (30 m), a propeller split and shattered, sending the

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and returned to Governors Island. The aircraft was equipped with an unusual accessory for the flight: a canoe attached to the underside framework as a flotation device in case of a

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Orville died at age 76 on January 30, 1948, over 35 years after his brother, following his second heart attack, having lived from the horse-and-buggy age to the dawn of

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due to poor lift and high drag. In contrast, the 1902 glider flies at a much flatter angle and holds up its tether lines almost vertically, clearly demonstrating a much better

6440: 1541:, the Wrights endured weeks of delays caused by broken propeller shafts during engine tests. After the shafts were replaced (requiring two trips back to Dayton), Wilbur won a 5521: 4497:"The papers of Wilbur and Orville Wright, including the Chanute-Wright letters and other papers of Octave Chanute. Marvin W. McFarland, editor., v.1. – Text-only – Full View" 2672:

Orville repeatedly objected to misrepresentation of the Aerodrome, but the Smithsonian was unyielding. Orville responded by lending the restored 1903 Kitty Hawk Flyer to the

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turn. The experiment confirmed their suspicion that either the standard Smeaton coefficient or Lilienthal's coefficients of lift and drag – or all of them – were in error.

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The brothers did not discover this principle, but took advantage of it. The better lift of a cambered surface compared to a flat one was first discussed scientifically by

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Wilbur just after landing the 1901 glider. Glider skid marks are visible behind it, and marks from a previous landing are seen in front; Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina.

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died in air show crashes, and in November 1911 the brothers disbanded the team on which nine men had served (four other former team members died in crashes afterward).

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that Milton Wright admired. They were "Will" and "Orv" to their friends and in Dayton, their neighbors knew them simply as "the Bishop's kids", or "the Bishop's boys".

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writing articles for religious publications and enjoying his morning walks. He had also marched in a Dayton Woman's Suffrage Parade, along with Orville and Katharine.

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The modified 1905 Flyer at the Kill Devil Hills in 1908, ready for practice flights. Note there is no catapult derrick; all takeoffs were used with the monorail alone.

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82%. The Wrights wrote to several engine manufacturers, but none could meet their need for a sufficiently light-weight powerplant. They turned to their shop mechanic,

613: 3661: 1857:, whose editors doubted the "alleged experiments" and asked how U.S. newspapers, "alert as they are, allowed these sensational performances to escape their notice." 4335: 3683: 4082: 1682:

creating and marketing a practical airplane. This was financially risky, since they were neither wealthy nor government-funded (unlike other experimenters such as

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Wilbur said, "Lilienthal was without question the greatest of the precursors, and the world owes to him a great debt." In May 1899 Wilbur wrote a letter to

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long time, the Wright brothers have been accused in Europe of bluff ... They are today hallowed in France, and I feel an intense pleasure ... to make amends."

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magazine, but the editor turned it down. As a result, the news was not widely known outside Ohio, and was often met with skepticism. The Paris edition of the

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curves, followed by detailed tests on 38 of them. An important discovery was the benefit of longer narrower wings: in aeronautical terms, wings with a larger

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the pilot could remain prone on the wing, headfirst, without undue danger when landing. They made all their flights in that position for the next five years.

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Both Wilbur and Orville were lifelong bachelors. Wilbur once quipped that he "did not have time for both a wife and an airplane". The 1909 short silent film

2125:, Virginia, starting on September 3, 1908. On September 9, he made the first hour-long flight, lasting 62 minutes and 15 seconds. On the same day he took up 1595:

never flew again. The brothers shipped the airplane home, and years later Orville restored it, lending it to several U.S. locations for display, then to the

6346: 5226: 9348: 8996: 2842:. Sharing Wilbur's distaste for business but not his brother's executive skills, Orville sold the company in 1915. The Wright Company then became part of 2712:

earlier date than the 1903 Wright Aeroplane, claiming in effect that such aircraft was capable of carrying a man under its own power in controlled flight.

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fact, he was planning to sell the company and departed in 1915. In 1917, with World War I underway, the U.S. government pressured the industry to form a

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had a wingspan of 40.3 ft (12.3 m), weighed 605 lb (274 kg), and had a 12 horsepower (8.9 kW), 180 lb (82 kg) engine.

5976:"Big Royalties to be Paid: Wright and Curtiss interests each to receive ultimately $ 2,000,000 – increased production predicted. Payment of royalties." 3713: 1357:

In addition to developing the lift equation, the brothers also developed the equation for drag. It is of the same form as the lift equation, except the

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than the stubbier wings the brothers had tried so far. With this knowledge, and a more accurate Smeaton number, the Wrights designed their 1902 glider.

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The patent illustrates a non-powered flying machine – namely, the 1902 glider. The patent's importance lies in its claim of a new and useful method of

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at that time, expressed the attitude of newspapermen – and the public – in those days when he admitted years later: "Frankly, none of us believed it."

1091:– when Wilbur used the wing-warping control. On the trip home a deeply dejected Wilbur remarked to Orville that man would not fly in a thousand years. 1591:

back from its fourth flight, a powerful gust of wind flipped it over several times, despite the crew's attempt to hold it down. Severely damaged, the

10477: 9145: 7879: 5694: 5408: 4371: 4005: 3140: 2325:, the problem Wilbur had when trying to turn the 1901 glider. Finally, the patent describes the forward elevator, used for ascending and descending. 1741: 1523: 418: 5545: 3631: 722:

Wright 1899 kite: front and side views, with control sticks. Wing-warping is shown in lower view. (Wright brothers' drawing in Library of Congress.)

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invalid because of prior disclosure in speeches by Wilbur Wright in 1901, and Chanute in 1903. In the U.S. the Wrights made an agreement with the

9420: 5572: 4635: 2814:, an architectural firm, to design the house, along with input from both Wilbur and Orville. Wilbur did not live to see its completion in 1914. 2496:

of salaried exhibition pilots to show off their machines and win prize money for the company – despite Wilbur's disdain for what he called "the

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for their variously documented tests in years prior to and including 1903. Claims that the first true flight occurred after 1903 are made for

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The Wright brothers' status as inventors of the airplane has been subject to numerous counter-claims. Much controversy persists over the many

6324: 3489: 6103:(1868) "Specification of Matthew Piers Watt Boulton: 5th February a.d 1868, no. 392: Aärial Locomotion &c.". London, UK: 4983: 4284: 3111:

both take credit for the Wright brothers and their world-changing inventions—Ohio because the brothers developed and built their designs in

10432: 5482: 3600: 2200:, Wilbur made demonstrations flights, and trained three Italian military pilots (Mario Calderara, Umbert Savoia, and Guido Castagneris). A 573:, their father brought home a toy helicopter for his two younger sons. The device was based on an invention of French aeronautical pioneer 4784:"An Historical and Applied Aerodynamic Study of the Wright Brothers' Wind Tunnel Test Program and Application to Successful Manned Flight" 4056: 546:

None of the Wright children had middle names. Instead, their father tried hard to give them distinctive first names. Wilbur was named for

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Orville expressed sadness in an interview years later about the death and destruction brought about by the bombers of World War II:

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stated a number of times that the Wrights' legal victory would have been "doubtful" if an 1868 patent of "a prior but lost invention" by

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Soaring flight, Kitty Hawk, Oct. 1911 "Arrows indicate 50 mile wind, showing how machine was sustained in a stationary position".

624:. Subsequent issues listed Orville as publisher and Wilbur as editor on the masthead. In April 1890 they converted the paper to a daily, 6799: 6675: 2908:, to Washington, D.C., in 6 hours and 57 minutes (2,300 mi, 330.9 mph). On the return trip, the airliner stopped at 535:(1874–1929), and twins Otis and Ida (born 1870, died in infancy). The direct paternal ancestry goes back to a Samuel Wright (b. 1606 in 10387: 8629: 5637: 4937:, Paper AIAA-2001-3385, 37th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, July 8–11, 2001. Retrieved: February 20, 2017. 3747: 3538:, October 30, 1948, Orville Wright, who with his brother, the late Wilbur Wright, invented the airplane, died here tonight at 10:40 in 3427:

The Board was surprised when it received 41 bids, having expected only one. None of the other bids amounted to a serious proposal.

6242: 4687: 632:, who rose to international acclaim as a ground-breaking African-American poet and writer. For a brief period the Wrights printed the 10392: 10377: 10362: 10342: 10327: 8056: 7595: 2724:, have accused the Smithsonian of refusing to investigate claims of earlier flights. After a ceremony in the Smithsonian museum, the 2696:, but the airplane remained in protective storage for the duration of World War II; it finally came home after Orville's death. 795:

to the test by building and flying a biplane kite with a 5-foot (1.5 m) wingspan, and a curved wing with a 1-foot (0.30 m)

628:, but it lasted only four months. They then focused on commercial printing. One of their clients was Orville's friend and classmate, 5186: 1365:, computing drag instead of lift. They used this equation to answer the question, "Is there enough power in the engine to produce a 1230:

slide show of photographs. Wilbur's speech was the first public account of the brothers' experiments. A report was published in the

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at Huffman Prairie trained 115 pilots who were instructed by Orville and his assistants. Several trainees became famous, including

1973: 7479: 7455: 7301: 6826: 6773: 5518: 2548:, who rose to Five-Star General, commanded U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II, and became the first head of the U.S. Air Force; 10452: 10447: 4549:"Telegram from Orville Wright in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, to his father announcing four successful flights, December 17, 1903" 3303: 566: 7516:

The FLYING MACHINES website - Many pictures of early flying machines and a comprehensive chronology of flight attempts(archived)

4167: 3528:"Orville Wright, 76, is dead in Dayton; co-inventor with his brother, Wilbur, of the airplane was pilot in first flight" – 2441: 10482: 7943: 1316:

over the Kill Devil Hills, October 10, 1902. The single rear rudder is steerable; it replaced the original fixed double rudder.

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coefficient" of air pressure, a value which had been in use for over 100 years and was part of the accepted equation for lift.

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flew five times from Wright Brothers Field between April 19 and May 7, 2021, then departed for other areas, making a total of

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In October 1904, the brothers were visited by the first of many important Europeans they would befriend in coming years,

1341:(180 m). Having demonstrated lift, control, and stability, the brothers now turned their focus to the problem of power. 1226:

on September 18, 1901. He presented a thorough report about the 1900–1901 glider experiments and complemented his talk with a

863:, a bridge-building design he used for his biplane glider (initially built as a triplane). The Wrights mounted the horizontal 395:, the Wrights also collected more accurate data than any before, enabling them to design more efficient wings and propellers. 10502: 10457: 10357: 9729: 7323: 7121: 6939: 6881: 6603: 6225: 6068: 5466: 4930: 4523:

The papers of Wilbur and Orville Wright, including the Chanute-Wright letters and other papers of Octave Chanute. (Book view)

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can be reclaimed by the heir of the Wright brothers. Some aviation enthusiasts, particularly those who promote the legacy of

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After their return to the U.S. on May 13, 1909, the brothers and Katharine were invited to the White House where on June 10,

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successfully flew an unmanned steam-powered fixed-wing model aircraft. In mid-year, Chicago engineer and aviation authority

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As inventors, builders, and flyers they further developed the aeroplane, taught man to fly, and opened the era of aviation

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attempted to mediate the dispute, to no avail. In 1942, after years of bad publicity, and encouraged by Wright biographer

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The Wrights scrapped the battered and much-repaired aircraft, but saved the engine, and in 1905 built a new airplane, the

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to the Aero Club of America describes the long flights and provides a list of witnesses. (Courtesy Dayton Metro Library.)

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The video of the official test flight of the Wright Brothers' military airplane at Fort Myer, Virginia, on July 27, 1909

5608: 4783: 4603: 2068:, Wilbur began official public demonstrations on August 8, 1908, at the Hunaudières horse racing track near the town of 6526: 6120: 5268: 5053: 4865: 2966: 2916: 2581:" propeller aircraft, worried that a design change could threaten the Wright patent infringement case against Curtiss. 2374:. The Curtiss people derisively suggested that if someone jumped in the air and waved his arms, the Wrights would sue. 2348:, the Wrights warned him not to infringe their patent by profiting from flying or selling aircraft that used ailerons. 414: 2290: 1456:-fed from the fuel tank mounted on a wing strut into a chamber next to the cylinders where it was mixed with air: The 1325:

turn – the change in direction – was done with roll control using wing-warping. The principles remained the same when

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described several engine improvements and conceptual designs and included a technical description and drawings of an

1980: 784: 410:

became an important part of the team, building their first airplane engine in close collaboration with the brothers.

5013: 4956: 3556:"Wilbur Wright dies of typhoid fever. Ill more than three weeks, the end came at 3:15 o'clock Thursday morning" 3448:

The first woman passenger was Thérèse Peltier on July 8, 1908, when she made a flight of 656 feet (200 m) with

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Facing much skepticism in the French aeronautical community and outright scorn by some newspapers that called him a

1545:

and made a three-second flight attempt on December 14, 1903, stalling after takeoff and causing minor damage to the

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The agreement is also available upon request from the National Air and Space Museum of the Smithsonian Institution.

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helicopter "Wright Brothers Field". The miniature helicopter arrived on Mars on February 18, 2021, attached to the

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to fly again? The only thing I'm afraid of is that I can't get well soon enough to finish those tests next year."

2028:

In October 1911, Orville Wright returned to the Outer Banks again, to conduct safety and stabilization tests with

10372: 7936: 7926: 7901: 7891: 3371: 3361: 3317: 2950: 2921: 2909: 2552:, who made the first coast-to-coast flight in 1911 (with many stops and crashes) in a Wright Model EX named the " 2418: 2405: 2392: 1946: 1929:

In 1908, after the Wrights' first flights in France, Archdeacon publicly admitted he had done them an injustice.

1745: 1665:. They decided to avoid the expense of travel and bringing supplies to the Outer Banks and set up an airfield at 1068:

Before returning to Kitty Hawk in the summer of 1901, Wilbur published two articles, "The Angle of Incidence" in

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The world's first power-driven heavier-than-air machine in which man made free, controlled, and sustained flight

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The Wrights sent a telegram about the flights to their father, requesting that he "inform press". However, the

810:

data, and decided on Kitty Hawk after receiving information from the government meteorologist stationed there.

503: 471: 383: 365:, which made longer-duration flights including the first circle, followed in 1905 by the first truly practical 225: 133: 7279: 7084:

The Papers of Wilbur and Orville Wright: Including the Chanute-Wright Letters and the Papers of Octave Chanute

6170: 6117:

Patents for Inventions: Bridgements of Specifications: Class 4, Aeronautics: Period – A.D. 1867–1876

5915: 5430: 4820: 1876:. Capper was very favorably impressed by the Wrights, who showed him photographs of their aircraft in flight. 8226: 7588: 6413:

History by Contract: The beginning of motorized aviation, August 14, 1901: Gustave Whitehead, Fairfield, Conn

5486: 4873: 4805: 4211: 3194: 2882: 2665: 2541: 2356: 1869: 1554: 644: 382:, which enabled the pilot to steer the aircraft effectively and to maintain its equilibrium. Their system of 308: 7515: 4034:

Roach, Edward J. The Wright Company: From Invention to Industry. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, 2014.

3167:, the Wright brothers and their airplane have been commemorated on several U. S. postage stamps, including: 1094:

The poor lift of the gliders led the Wrights to question the accuracy of Lilienthal's data, as well as the "

662:

design), in December 1892 the brothers opened a repair and sales shop (the Wright Cycle Exchange, later the

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was cast from aluminum, a rare practice at the time. The Wright/Taylor engine had a primitive version of a

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lawsuits, which had put great strain on both brothers, Wilbur had written in a letter to a French friend:

1803:

The only photos of the flights of 1904–1905 were taken by the brothers. (A few photos were damaged in the

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The Wright brothers' plan thus differed sharply from more experienced practitioners of the day, notably

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Both brothers attended high school, but did not receive diplomas. The family's abrupt move in 1884 from

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remaining aloft for an hour and achieve an average speed of at least 40 miles per hour (64 km/h).

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Crouch (2003) Chapter 10: "The year of the flying machine" and Chapter 11: "Octave chanute".

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Orville succeeded to the presidency of the Wright Company upon Wilbur's death. He won the prestigious

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There were not many customers for airplanes, so in the spring of 1910 the Wrights hired and trained a

2032:. On October 24, he soared for 9 minutes and 45 seconds, a record that held for almost 10 years, when 1868:. Capper and his wife were visiting the United States to investigate the aeronautical exhibits at the 8615: 8301: 8296: 7966: 7911: 7506: 7373: 6831: 3691: 3272: 3209: 2874: 2232: 1467:, resembling those of bicycles, were supplied by a manufacturer of heavy-duty automobile chains. The 1420: 766:(drooping) wings, which are inherently unstable, but less susceptible to upset by gusty cross winds. 407: 216:

Printer / publisher, bicycle retailer / manufacturer, airplane inventor / manufacturer, pilot trainer

5179:"The first five flights, the slope and winds of Big Kill Devil Hill – the first flight reconsidered" 4852: 3187: 531:

The brothers never married. The other Wright siblings were Reuchlin (1861–1920), Lorin (1862–1939),

10347: 10317: 10102: 8943: 8894: 8870: 8486: 8176: 7581: 7471: 5853: 4895:

Wright, Orville; Wright, Wilbur; et al. (Wright Brothers Aeroplane Company) (September 1908).

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pains, X-rays revealed the accident had also caused three hip bone fractures and a dislocated hip.

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The brothers gained the mechanical skills essential to their success by working for years in their

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cost less than a thousand dollars, in contrast to more than $ 50,000 in government funds given to

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successes, took the news more seriously and increased their efforts to catch up to the brothers.

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flat plate and the wheel would not turn. However, when the brothers tested the device, the wheel

743: 674: 6681:. February–March 1948, p. 3 (tribute by National Cash Register Company) Retrieved March 23, 2016 5769: 5494: 5116: 5091: 2363:, where in 1908 he had helped reinvent wingtip ailerons for their Aerodrome No. 2, known as the 342: 9536: 9366: 9038: 8937: 8844: 8551: 8481: 8396: 7982: 7872: 4931:"What the Wright brothers did and did not understand about flight mechanics – in modern terms." 4839: 4052: 3298: 3228: 3214: 2889: 2602: 2493: 2260: 2256: 1596: 1563: 1390: 833: 491: 459: 128: 8773: 7538: 7066:

The Wright brothers : the remarkable story of the aviation pioneers who changed the world

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Orville followed his brother's success by demonstrating another nearly identical Flyer to the

1916: 1618:

An analysis in 1985 by Professor Fred E.C. Culick and Henry R. Jex demonstrated that the 1903

1080:

landing, instead of a nose-dive. These incidents wedded the Wrights even more strongly to the

337:

pioneers generally credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful

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The Wright Experience Articles and photos about construction of replica gliders and airplanes

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issued a presidential proclamation which designated the anniversary of Orville's birthday as

2745:

By original scientific research the Wright brothers discovered the principles of human flight

2673: 2578: 2501: 2425:, which remains in business today producing high-tech components for the aerospace industry. 2360: 2001: 1848:

reported the October 5, 1905, flight on page 9, with agriculture and business news.

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ancestry. Milton Wright's mother, Catherine Reeder, was descended from the progenitor of the

115: 4960: 2957:, the Coast Guardsman who took their famous first flight photo, died the day after Orville. 991:* (This airfoil caused severe stability problems; the Wrights modified the camber on-site.) 10301: 9915: 8984: 8919: 8888: 8876: 8863: 8826: 8814: 8713: 8531: 8441: 8421: 8366: 8256: 7867: 7862: 7821: 7816: 7552: 7400: 6027: 5799: 3880: 3739: 3233: 3175: 2897: 2811: 2529: 2479: 2379: 1412: 1082: 706: 663: 629: 3771:"The birth of flight control: An engineering analysis of the Wright brothers' 1902 glider" 2927:

Orville's last major project was supervising the reclamation and preservation of the 1905

783:

Park Ranger Tom White demonstrates a replica of the Wright brothers' 1899 box kite at the

8: 10063: 10010: 9782: 9390: 9360: 9342: 9336: 9271: 9092: 8978: 8856: 8838: 8707: 8677: 8546: 8516: 8426: 8401: 8341: 8281: 8231: 8216: 7931: 7916: 7767: 7612: 7353: 7343: 6445: 5287:

Airplane Stability and Control: A history of the technologies that made aviation possible

5178: 4580: 3356: 3293: 3286: 2905: 2208: 2086:(left), the Wrights' European business agent; and Wilbur at the flying field near Le Mans 2053: 1813: 1795: miles in 33 minutes 17 seconds; the last photographed flight of the year. 1731: 1687: 1358: 864: 796: 759: 366: 5327: 4577:"Letter from J. J. Dosher, Weather Bureau, to Wilbur Wright, August 16, 1900 Kitty Hawk" 3770: 3628:

Following the footsteps of the Wright Brothers: Their sites and stories symposium papers

299:

Editor, bicycle retailer / manufacturer, airplane inventor / manufacturer, pilot trainer

10183: 9866: 9585: 9259: 9074: 9032: 8966: 8802: 8755: 8476: 8276: 8131: 8116: 7790: 7520: 7501: 7476: 6994: 6613: 5978: 5951: 5121: 4868:, Inventing a Flying Machine, The Wright Brothers and the Invention of the Aerial Age, 3797: 3563: 3530: 3472: 3257: 3152: 3148: 2785: 2623: 2557: 2445: 2299: 2197: 2118: 1950: 1804: 1735:

Wilbur's logbook showing diagram and data for first circle flight on September 20, 1904

1313: 1281: 1256: 1044: 779: 570: 5420:

Image courtesy Dayton Metro Library. The newspaper article can be read at the commons.

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American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics: California Institute of Technology

3449: 2482:/ test flight field at Huffman Prairie; the headquarters office was in New York City. 2204:

cameraman flew as a passenger, and filmed the first motion pictures from an airplane.

2176:

The Wright Model A Flyer flown by Wilbur 1908–1909 and launching derrick, France, 1909

1892: 1599:

in London (see Smithsonian dispute below), before it was finally installed in 1948 in

574: 10162: 9989: 9975: 9599: 9571: 9529: 9522: 9501: 9487: 9187: 9151: 8820: 8808: 8779: 8743: 8536: 8491: 8326: 8316: 8261: 8246: 8211: 8096: 7214: 7192: 7177: 7162: 7147: 7132: 7117: 7102: 7087: 7069: 7049: 7039: 7032: 7016: 6998: 6979: 6965: 6950: 6935: 6920: 6892: 6877: 6859: 6800:"Release 21-039 – NASA's Ingenuity Mars Helicopter Succeeds in Historic First Flight" 6599: 6596:

Building Victory: Aircraft manufacturing in the Los Angeles area in World War II

6522: 6416: 6064: 5824: 5462: 5294: 5264: 5157: 4799: 4786:(technical report). US Naval Academy. Archived from the original on September 5, 2011 4476: 4256: 4173: 4035: 3959: 3857: 3410: 3079: 3048: 2998: 2721: 2680: 2594: 2201: 1937: 1912: 1884: 1833: 1476: 698: 694: 616:

within the Brethren Church, but also expressed unease over his own lack of ambition.

601: 506: 483: 3801: 2092: 10265: 10038: 9961: 9750: 9613: 9480: 9330: 9306: 9068: 9056: 8882: 8725: 8638: 8376: 8331: 8266: 8196: 8111: 7994: 7667: 7223: 7027: 6774:"NASA's Mars helicopter Ingenuity successfully completed its historic first flight" 6476: 4530: 4526: 3789: 3397: 3052: 3038: 2929: 2264: 2240: 2145: 2110: 1777: 1538: 1512: 1362: 1277: 1017: 828: 814:

season from 1901 to 1903 and saw gliding experiments, but not the powered flights.

701:, and Langley, they began their mechanical aeronautical experimentation that year. 532: 463: 371: 146: 6222: 6060:

Aviation: An historical survey from its origins to the end of the Second World War

2073: 693:

requesting information and publications about aeronautics. Drawing on the work of

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Outer Banks of NC Wright Photographs: 1900–1911(Sourced from Library of Congress)

7483: 7377: 7283: 7265: 7114:

Chasing Icarus: The Seventeen Days in 1910 That Forever Changed American Aviation

6516: 6436: 6229: 6085: 6058: 5818: 5698: 5525: 5456: 4375: 3400:, all brothers—Reuchlin, Lorin, and twins Otis and Ida, who both died in infancy. 2954: 2545: 2505: 2410: 2248: 2189: 2102: 1921: 1872:, but had been given a letter of introduction to both Chanute and the Wrights by 1666: 1662: 1640: 1636: 1584: 1423:, who built an engine in just six weeks in close consultation with the brothers. 1345: 1252: 845: 667: 475: 361: 7258: 7210: 2994: 2465: 1968:

Flyer to France in anticipation of demonstration flights. In France, Wilbur met

1683: 1336:

Wilbur makes a turn using wing-warping and the movable rudder, October 24, 1902.

735: 10253: 10176: 10148: 10134: 10130: 9880: 9859: 9845: 9796: 9550: 9543: 9494: 9372: 9354: 9294: 9288: 9247: 9241: 9050: 9044: 8925: 8832: 8785: 8749: 8586: 8581: 8541: 8506: 8451: 8406: 8321: 8241: 8236: 8166: 8151: 7800: 7795: 7753: 7748: 7738: 7733: 7716: 7711: 7706: 7701: 7696: 7681: 7608: 7495: 6697: 5129: 3249: 3125: 3108: 3075: 3060: 3002: 2839: 2835: 2561: 2474: 2364: 2166: 2136: 2017: 1989: 1965: 1781:

piloted by Orville over Huffman Prairie, October 4, 1905. Flight #46, covering

1723: miles in 5 minutes 4 seconds; flight 82, November 9, 1904. 1457: 1302: 682: 678: 659: 655: 479: 467: 387: 108:

Inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane with the

6271: 3793: 3630:. Following in the Footsteps of the Wright Brothers: Their Sites and Stories. 1460:

was then vaporized by heat from the crankcase, forcing it into the cylinders.

10311: 10218: 10052: 10017: 9982: 9947: 9933: 9894: 9852: 9764: 9743: 9722: 9701: 9652: 9564: 9318: 9300: 9205: 9169: 9163: 9014: 8972: 8737: 8689: 8431: 8391: 8381: 8351: 8346: 8291: 8251: 8221: 8106: 8005: 8000: 7726: 7638: 7427: 7061: 7053: 6798:

Johnson, Alana; Hautaluoma, Grey; Agle, DC; Northon, Karen (April 19, 2021).

3981:"The Untold Story Of How Bicycle Design Led To The Invention Of The Airplane" 3850:

Visions of a Flying Machine: The Wright brothers and the process of invention

2981: 2893: 2843: 2803: 2729:

airplane to the Smithsonian, which displayed it with the accompanying label:

2684: 2553: 2387: 2371: 2337: 2236: 2130: 2126: 2106: 2079: 2029: 1969: 1896: 1542: 1227: 1055: 856: 823: 727: 551: 517: 281: 9996: 1378: 1332: 731:

wings and engines – they believed were already sufficiently promising.

10141: 10116: 10088: 10056: 10003: 9968: 9887: 9736: 9673: 9638: 9508: 9461: 9384: 9235: 9223: 9199: 9020: 9002: 8931: 8571: 8556: 8526: 8496: 8456: 8436: 8416: 8411: 8286: 8206: 8186: 8141: 8126: 7654: 7533:

magazine, Scientific Firsts: Print of Wright Flyer in France 1907(archived)

7305:

magazine (December 2003 Issue) The Equivocal Success of the Wright Brothers

5934:

held a number of its own patents) each received a $ 2 million payment.

5092:"Machine that flies / What the Wright brothers' invention has accomplished" 3577: 3535: 3436: 3415: 3376: 3240: 3144: 3112: 3084: 3056: 2615: 2520: 2345: 2244: 2227:

On October 4, 1909, Wilbur made a flight seen by about a million people in

2083: 1997: 1888: 1828: 1464: 1441: 1432: 1398: 1273: 1095: 999: 841: 792: 751: 651: 547: 525: 399: 347: 198: 173: 110: 55: 7603: 7271: 4236: 3418:

later became governor of Ohio, and a 1920 Democratic presidential nominee.

3132:. North Carolina uses the slogan "First in Flight" on its license plates. 2766: 2515: 2417:" ended, although side issues lingered in the courts until the 1920s. The 1705: 1246: 1234:

of the society, which was then separately published as an offprint titled

639: 10289: 10169: 10123: 10045: 10024: 9901: 9873: 9803: 9789: 9715: 9687: 9659: 9645: 9515: 9008: 8671: 8561: 8466: 8386: 8146: 8101: 7949: 6869: 6486: 5930: 4139:"Family relationship of Howard Hughes and Orville Wright via Daniel Gano" 3592: 3350: 3010: 2509: 2321: 2172: 1861: 1772: 1453: 1265: 1195: 1088: 1037: 860: 739: 718: 686:

death as the point when their serious interest in flight research began.

510: 392: 341:. They made the first controlled, sustained flight of an engine-powered, 7309: 6565:. Dayton, Ohio. February 6, 1914. p. 14 – via Newspapers.com. 6368: 3181:

Wright Flyer, 2c, 1928 issue, International Civil Aeronautics Conference

2589: 2007: 1807:

of 1913, but most survived intact.) In 1904 Ohio beekeeping businessman

1308: 10190: 10109: 10031: 9908: 9817: 9810: 9708: 9557: 9193: 8901: 8653: 8521: 8311: 8191: 8091: 7785: 7563: 5965:

New organization is formed, under war pressure, to interchange patents.

5884:. Chicago, IL: Charles C. Thompson Co. pp. 211–212. Archived from 4834:"Book and Magazine Collector". No. 265. February 2006. p. 15. 3716:. The Wright Story – Inventing the Airplane, wright-brothers.org. 3501:

The Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce (ACCA) was the predecessor to the

3121: 3006: 2946: 2598: 2436:

of the U.K. had been known in the period 1903–1906. The patent, titled

2414: 1562:

6.8 miles per hour (10.9 km/h) over the ground, was recorded in a

1445: 1280:– the wing's front-to-back dimension). Such shapes offered much better 762:

wings). They deliberately designed their 1903 first powered flyer with

434: 7161:(The Aviation Factfile). Rochester, Kent, UK: Grange Books plc, 2004. 4982:

Ash, Robert L.; Britcher, Colin P.; Hyde, Kenneth W. (December 2003).

2826: 2656: 596:. Wilbur and Orville built the covered wrap-around porch in the 1890s. 443: 10155: 9680: 9408: 8371: 7507:

Photographs and Movies about the invention of the fixed-wing aircraft

7368: 7129:

To Conquer The Air: The Wright Brothers and the Great Race for Flight

6827:"After Three Years on Mars, NASA's Ingenuity Helicopter Mission Ends" 6347:"Contract between Wrights, Smithsonian decrees Flyer was first plane" 3264: 2901: 2838:

in 1914 for development of his automatic stabilizer on the brothers'

2620: 2497: 2228: 2122: 2049: 1840: 1808: 1449: 585: 555: 495: 64: 7415:

interview with David McCullough on The Wright Brothers, May 31, 2015

6482:

Bastille Day in France; The Only Street in Paris; Americans in Paris

6387: 4548: 3163:

In addition to appearing on both the front and back of the official

754:

when Wilbur idly twisted a long inner-tube box at the bicycle shop.

9831: 9606: 8607: 8271: 7247: 7232: 6138: 5896:– via Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia Library. 3852:. Smithsonian History of Aviation and Spaceflight. Washington, DC: 3471:

Ironically, the Wright brothers were the initial recipients of the

2252: 2044: 1326: 487: 338: 334: 7276: 7243: 7228: 5543: 2593:

Elwood Doherty, a Curtiss pilot, coaxes the structurally modified

2259:, Wilbur began pilot training for Army officers Frank P. Lahm and 1631: 10225: 7472:

Wright Aeronautical Engineering Collection The Franklin Institute

7390: 7365:

Guide to Postcards on Wright's Airplane Ascension at Le Mans 1908

7349: 7339: 6976:

Miracle At Kitty Hawk, The Letters of Wilbur & Orville Wright

6901:

Ciampaglia, Giuseppe. "Il soggiorno romano dei Fratelli Wright".

4006:"Taylor, Charles "Charley" : National Aviation Hall of Fame" 3346: 2341: 2069: 2033: 1269: 1219: 1190: 514: 10197: 7296: 3135:

The site of the first flights in North Carolina is preserved as

3069: 2862:

insistence, just before she died of pneumonia on March 3, 1929.

2609: 1575: 1436:, December 17, 1903, Orville piloting, Wilbur running at wingtip 406:

that also developed their skills as pilots. Their shop mechanic

7543: 7097:

McPherson, Stephanie Sammartino and Joseph Sammartino Gardner.

5458:

No Longer an Island: Britain and the Wright Brothers, 1902–1909

2157:

repeated Orville, slightly puzzled. "Oh, do you mean will I be

1550: 1407: 1403: 1366: 605: 562: 8078: 7498:

in Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Online Catalog

7477:

Wright-Dunbar Interpretive Center and the Wright Cycle Company

7466: 7144:

One Day at Kitty Hawk: The Untold Story of the Wright Brothers

6917:

Kill Devil Hill: Discovering the Secret of the Wright Brothers

6094: 4499:. McGraw-Hill / HathiTrust Digital Library. September 13, 1900 4473:

Kill Devil Hill: Discovering the Secret of the Wright Brothers

1479:. In 1903 $ 1,000 was equivalent to $ 34,000 in 2023. The 7324:

FAI NEWS: "100 Years Ago, the Dream of Icarus Became Reality"

7086:. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001, originally published in 1953. 6991:

The Wright Brothers: A Biography Authorized by Orville Wright

6666:

McCullough, 2015, "The Wright Brothers", Epilogue pp. 260–261

6441:"David McCollough turns his attention to the Wright brothers" 5284:

Abzug, Malcolm J.; Larrabee, E. Eugene (September 23, 2002).

4079:"Wilbur and Orville Wright Papers at the Library of Congress" 2933:, which historians describe as the first practical airplane. 2743:

Flown by them at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina December 17, 1903

1883:

The American military, having recently spent $ 50,000 on the

536: 458:

Wilbur and Orville Wright were two of seven children born to

378:

The brothers' breakthrough invention was their creation of a

7558:

Manny Gorin Wright Brothers Glass Plate Negatives Collection

7401:

Wright Brothers Collection (MS-1) at Wright State University

6852:

Inventing Flight: The Wright Brothers and Their Predecessors

6797: 5084: 1823:

headlined a 1906 article on the Wrights "Flyers or liars?".

1709:

Wilbur flying almost four circles of Huffman Prairie, about

509:. Through John Gano they were 5th cousins 1 time removed of 10095: 7567: 7406:

Wright Brothers Collection (MS-001) at Dayton Metro Library

7259:

Original Letters From The Wright Brothers: The First Flight

6804: 6559:"Orville Wright receives the Collier trophy for stabilizer" 6518:

The Wright Sister: Katharine Wright and her famous brothers

6501: 6499: 6287:

The archived website includes details of the modifications.

5876:

Jackman, W.J.; Russell, Thomas H.; Chanute, Octave (1912).

5636:. First Flight Foundation. October 21, 2011. Archived from 3686:. The Wright Brothers and the invention of the aerial age. 3223: 3104: 3044: 1643:. Flight 85, approximately 1,760 feet (536 m) in 1169:

V = velocity (headwind plus ground speed) in miles per hour

7456:

The Wright Brothers – The Invention of the Aerial Age

7396:

Pictures, letters and other sources from National Archives

6759:"NASA Ingenuity Mars Helicopter Prepares for First Flight" 2329:

in vivid, technical detail – of how to get into the air."

1218:

Before the detailed wind tunnel tests, Wilbur traveled to

673:

1896 brought three important aeronautical events. In May,

7369:

University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center

6889:

Ohio, Home of the Wright Brothers: Birthplace of Aviation

6090:. Whittlesey House. p. 308 – via Google Books. 4309:"The Van Cleve bicycle that the Wrights built and sold." 4114:"John Gano Genealogy: Family Tree & Famous Relatives" 3593:"The Wright Brothers and the invention of the aerial age" 1072:, and "The Horizontal Position During Gliding Flight" in 486: – one of America's richest families – and the 6584:

McCullough, 2015, "The Wright Brothers", Epilogue p. 258

6496: 5437:, vol. 94, no. 2, p. 40, January 13, 1905 3875: 3873: 1623:

Wright brothers had achieved with their piloting skill.

1003:

The 1900 glider. No photo was taken with a pilot aboard.

7272:

To Fly Is Everything Articles, photos, historical texts

3684:"Inventing a flying machine – the breakthrough concept" 2949:

flight. Both brothers are buried in the family plot at

1406:, a strong and lightweight wood, and Pride of the West 7297:

FirstFlight: flight simulation, videos and experiments

6962:

Wilbur And Orville: A Biography of the Wright Brothers

6947:

Wilbur And Orville: A biography of the Wright brothers

6285:"The Langley Aerodrome". Retrieved: December 29, 2011. 5411:. Dayton Metro Library. Retrieved: September 21, 2010. 5348: 5346: 4161: 4159: 3956:

The Bishop's Boys: A life of Wilbur and Orville Wright

3534:

obituary. January 31, 1948. Retrieved July 21, 2007. "

2784:) is considered to be the first use of motion picture 351:

on December 17, 1903, four miles (6 km) south of

10237: 7013:

Stick and Rudder: An Explanation of the Art of Flying

6107:(printed by George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode). 5875: 5170: 4330: 4328: 4303: 3870: 2858:(NACA), and Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce (ACCA). 1932: 1296:

The 1902 glider wing had a flatter airfoil, with the

1165:

k = coefficient of air pressure (Smeaton coefficient)

1116: 27:

American aviation pioneers, inventors of the airplane

5117:"Another attempt to solve aerial navigation problem" 4282: 3769:

Padfield, Gareth D.; Lawrence, Ben (December 2003).

3762: 3676: 2294:

The Wright Brothers' U.S. Patent 821,393 issued 1906

589:

Wright brothers' home at 7 Hawthorn Street, Dayton,

452:

Orville (left) and Wilbur Wright as children in 1876

6934:. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books, 1983. 6041:

Retrieved from FlightGlobal.com, January 2011.

5475: 5343: 5111: 5109: 5107: 5105: 4475:. Englewood: TernStyle Press, Ltd. pp. 68–71. 4369:"Wilbur Wright May 30, 1899 Letter to Smithsonian." 4156: 3396:Wilbur and Orville had four other siblings besides 3082:features the famous first flight photo of the 1903 2485:In mid-1910, the Wrights changed the design of the 2444:and an optional feature intended to function as an 1583:Five people witnessed the flights: Adam Etheridge, 1402:, using their preferred material for construction, 848:had published. The Wrights designed the wings with 494:. Wilbur and Orville were the 3rd great nephews of 9466:100: The Most Important People of the 20th Century 7101:. Minneapolis, Minnesota, Carolrhoda, Inc., 2004. 7031: 7015:. New York: McGraw-Hill, Copyright 1944 and 1972. 6415:. Leutershausen, Germany: Fritz Majer & Sohn. 6313:"Appendix C – Tests of the Langley Aerodrome" 6171:"Ida Holdgreve: Wright Brothers' Plane Seamstress" 6015: 5878:"Chapter 23: Amateurs may use Wright patents" 5823:. New York, NY: Crown Publishers. pp. 12–15. 5589: 5154:The Flying Machine: Its Evolution Through the Ages 5098:. Newark, Ohio, U.S. December 28, 1903. p. 7. 4325: 3238:rover. A small piece of wing fabric from the 1903 2469:Wright brothers at their Dayton, Ohio home in 1909 1154: 7880:Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park 6123:(Darling & Sons Ltd. Printers), pp. 7–8. 5431:"The Wright Aeroplane and its Fabled Performance" 3141:Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park 2056:, Virginia September 1908. Photo: by C.H. Claudy. 1742:Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park 1222:at Chanute's invitation to give a lecture to the 419:Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park 10309: 7391:Wright Brothers Aeroplane Company virtual museum 6575:McCullough, 2015, "The Wright Brothers", p. 257. 6505:McCollough, 2015, "The Wright Brothers", p. 256. 6466:McCullough, 2015, "The Wright Brothers", p. 255. 6304: 6302: 6296:Howard 1988, Chapter 46: "The Aerodrome Affair". 6139: Case Law Access Project, Harvard Law School 5793: 5791: 5323:Attempt to recreate Wright brothers flight fails 5102: 4379:Smithsonian Scrapbook: Letters from the Archives 4287:. National Park Service, nps.gov. Archived from 4045: 3768: 1515:, with their dirigible balloons ... in eclipse". 1167:S = total area of lifting surface in square feet 832:Chanute's hang glider of 1896. The pilot may be 7176:. Mineola, New York: Dover Publications, 1988. 6919:. Denver, Colorado: Ternstyle Press Ltd, 1979. 6548:McCollough, 2015, "The Wright Brothers", p. 256 6435: 6232:. history.army.mil. Retrieved: January 8, 2012. 6150:Howard, 1998, chapter 39, "End of a Friendship" 6049: 6047: 5598:"The secret experiments of the Wright brothers" 4981: 4751: 4749: 4525:, McGraw-Hill, September 13, 1900, p. 23, 4276: 4192:McCullough, 2015, "The Wright Brothers", p. 11. 3949: 3947: 3945: 3943: 3941: 3939: 3937: 3935: 3933: 3931: 3929: 3927: 3706: 2741:Invented and built by Wilbur and Orville Wright 2220:in September 1909, including a flight with the 1175:= coefficient of lift (varies with wing shape) 333:(April 16, 1867 – May 30, 1912), were American 10438:Deaths from typhoid fever in the United States 6819: 6791: 5900: 4733: 4731: 4729: 4727: 4725: 4723: 4721: 4719: 4717: 4336:"The Wright brothers – fore-fathers of flight" 3925: 3923: 3921: 3919: 3917: 3915: 3913: 3911: 3909: 3907: 3732: 3585: 10488:Royal Aeronautical Society Gold Medal winners 9447: 8623: 8064: 7589: 7191:. Greenwich, Connecticut: Bison Books, 1987. 6299: 6083: 5908:"Glenn Curtiss and the Wright patent battles" 5788: 5461:. Stanford University Press. pp. 66–68. 5283: 4071: 3843: 3841: 3839: 3837: 3835: 3615: 3490:National Aeronautics and Space Administration 2885:that celebrates the development of aviation. 2806:, building had begun in the Dayton suburb of 2504:on June 13. Before the year was over, pilots 1579:Orville's notebook entry of December 17, 1903 10493:Survivors of aviation accidents or incidents 6910:I Fratelli Wright e le loro macchine volanti 6110: 6084:Magoun, F. Alexander; Hodgins, Eric (1931). 6044: 5670:, August 11, 1908, quoted in Crouch (2003). 5514: 5512: 4894: 4746: 3524: 3522: 3128:, both Ohio natives). The slogan appears on 1954:operator." In May 1908, Orville wrote: 580: 359:. In 1904 the Wright brothers developed the 7560:at The Museum of Flight Digital Collections 7220:Works by or about Orville and Wilbur Wright 6964:. Mineola: Dover Publications, Inc., 1998. 6410: 6365:"Image of the Smithsonian-Wright Agreement" 6053: 5991: 5882:Flying Machines: Construction and operation 5682:, August 9, 1908, quoted in Crouch (2003). 5626: 5570: 5544:US Centennial of Flight Commission (2003). 5255: 5183:WW1 AERO the Journal of the Early Aeroplane 4714: 4165: 3958:. New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company. 3904: 3550: 3548: 3486:National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics 3193:Wilbur and Orville Wright first flight, 6c 2856:National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics 2023: 1047:, its nose pointed skyward; it had no tail. 1008:or chains and even a local boy as ballast. 10463:Hall of Fame for Great Americans inductees 10428:Burials at Woodland Cemetery and Arboretum 9454: 9440: 8630: 8616: 8071: 8057: 7596: 7582: 7099:Wilbur & Orville Wright: Taking Flight 7026: 6771: 6618:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 6475: 5982:. August 7, 1917. Retrieved March 7, 2009. 5852:. 100 Years of Flight. Archived from 5539: 5537: 5364: 4990:. supplement, Prop-Wrights. Archived from 4248: 3832: 3740:"Aviation: From sand dunes to sonic booms" 3139:, while their Ohio facilities are part of 2399: 2140:The Fort Myer crash. Photo by C.H. Claudy. 1702:, not to reveal details of their machine. 1626: 1141: 1130: 1126: 307: 224: 114:, which pioneered the use of an effective 7521:Wright Brothers Collection digital images 7462:Smithsonian Stories of the Wright flights 7292:E-book by National Park Service historian 7060: 6720:History faceoff: Who was first in flight? 5866:Retrieved from Web Archive July 29, 2012. 5509: 3519: 3488:(NACA) was the predecessor agency to the 3226:named the first Martian airfield for the 2993:First powered flight claims are made for 2888:On April 19, 1944, the second production 1988:Aérienne. This French syndicate included 1979:With further input from the Wrights, the 1964:traveling, Orville shipped a newly built 636:, a weekly newspaper that Dunbar edited. 502:Brigade Chaplain, who allegedly baptized 329:(August 19, 1871 – January 30, 1948) and 10478:National Aviation Hall of Fame inductees 7378:The Museum of Flight Digital Collections 7131:. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004. 5820:Curtiss: The Hammondsport era, 1907–1915 5634:"Soaring 100 – October 21–24, 2011" 5595: 5330:on October 28, 2021 – via YouTube. 4685: 4633: 4239:Wayne County, IN. Retrieved July 5, 2015 3622:Johnson, Mary Ann (September 28, 2001). 3545: 3208: 3204: 2980: 2915: 2825: 2765: 2716:If this agreement is not fulfilled, the 2655: 2613:Pieces of fabric and wood from the 1903 2608: 2588: 2514: 2464: 2355:Curtiss was at the time a member of the 2289: 2171: 2135: 2078: 2043: 2016:upright seats with dual control levers. 2006: 1936: 1839: 1771: 1730: 1704: 1630: 1574: 1425: 1382:A Wright engine, serial number 17, 1377: 1331: 1307: 1245: 1189: 998: 827: 778: 717: 658:and its substantial advantages over the 638: 584: 561:Because of their father's position as a 74:Orville (left) and Wilbur Wright in 1905 6722:, history.com, accessed October 3, 2020 6690: 6218: 6216: 5534: 5378: 5376: 5151: 3646: 3621: 3473:Samuel P. Langley Medal for Aerodromics 3063:, the first person to walk on the Moon. 2737:The original Wright brothers aeroplane 2048:Orville demonstrating the Flyer to the 1490: 1396:In 1903 the brothers built the powered 1074:Illustrierte Aeronautische Mitteilungen 567:Church of the United Brethren in Christ 14: 10310: 7356:, with 321 library catalog records 7346:, with 322 library catalog records 7314:: The Wright Brothers' Flying Machines 7068:. London, UK: Time Warner Paperbacks. 6997:, originally published in 1943, 1989. 6756: 6718:Christopher Klein, November 20, 2018, 6626: 6593: 6514: 6168: 6141: (W.D.N.Y. February 21, 1913). 6023:"A complete new historical assessment" 5810: 5712: 5710: 5454: 4781: 4775: 4737: 4601: 4543: 4541: 4539: 4466: 4464: 4462: 4460: 4458: 4456: 4454: 4452: 3978: 3953: 2319:, a technique that prevents hazardous 1902: 713: 10443:Discovery and invention controversies 10403:Aviation history of the United States 9730:Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein 9435: 8611: 8052: 7577: 7319:"Wright Flyer III (1905)" at ASME.org 7157:Winchester, Jim, ed. "Wright Flyer". 6930:Cragg, Dan, Sgt.Maj, USA (Ret.), ed. 6772:Strickland, Ashley (April 19, 2021). 6031:. UK. September 16, 1960. p. 478 5843: 5816: 4602:Wright, Wilbur (September 18, 1901). 4470: 4450: 4448: 4446: 4444: 4442: 4440: 4438: 4436: 4434: 4432: 4201:Wallechinsky and Wallace 2005, p. 12. 4166:Gibbs-Smith, Charles Harvard (2002). 4059:from the original on January 23, 2015 3883:. May 22, 1906. US Patent 821393 3847: 3720:from the original on October 21, 2014 3664:from the original on October 21, 2014 2989:with a picture of the Wright brothers 2298:The Wright brothers wrote their 1903 2109:. Wilbur also became acquainted with 539:, England) who sailed to America and 8637: 8012:Wilbur Wright und seine Flugmaschine 7489: 6949:. New York: Ballantine Books, 1988. 6213: 5947:"End patent wars of aircraft makers" 5797: 5573:"Signal Corps Specification No. 486" 5373: 5176: 4311:U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission 3603:from the original on August 13, 2015 2782:Wilbur Wright and his Flying Machine 2777:Wilbur Wright und seine Flugmaschine 1198:at the Virginia Air and Space Center 1155:{\displaystyle L=k\;S\;V^{2}\;C_{L}} 643:The Wright brothers' bicycle at the 10433:Congressional Gold Medal recipients 7360:Orville Wright Personal Manuscripts 6932:The Guide to Military Installations 6598:. Cypress, California. p. 66. 6223:"The Signal Corps takes to the air" 5707: 5326:(video). AP Archive. Archived from 5263:. London, UK: HMSO. pp. 64–9. 5189:from the original on April 23, 2015 4763:. Wright Brothers Aeroplane Company 4536: 3244:was attached to a cable underneath 2960: 2584: 2523:Aviation Meet in 1910 near New York 2500:business". The team debuted at the 2451: 1549:. Because December 13, 1903, was a 791:On July 27, 1899, the brothers put 24: 10398:American United Brethren in Christ 10383:American people of English descent 7211:Works by Orville and Wilbur Wright 7038:. New York: Simon & Schuster. 6843: 6691:Hodgins, Eric (December 6, 1931). 6489:' Europe. Event occurs at 41:53. 5596:Lougheed, Victor (December 1911). 5197:– via TheWrightBrothers.org. 4818: 4614:– via MS State U. Libraries. 4583:– Wilbur and Orville Wright Papers 4429: 4255:. Simon and Schuster. p. 14. 4216:US Centennial of Flight Commission 4085:from the original on April 7, 2015 4053:"The Wright Brothers, Chapter Two" 3750:from the original on June 10, 2015 3634:from the original on June 19, 2015 2967:Claims to the first powered flight 2597:into the air above the surface of 1933:Contracts and return to Kitty Hawk 967:32 ft 1 in (9.78 m) 926:11 ft 6 in (3.51 m) 911:17 ft 6 in (5.33 m) 852:, a curvature of the top surface. 705:the plural "we" and "our". Author 417:. Edward Roach, historian for the 415:competing claims of early aviators 25: 10514: 10388:American people of German descent 7897:Wright Brothers National Memorial 7204: 7159:Biplanes, Triplanes and Seaplanes 7146:. New York: Ty Crowell Co, 1975. 6978:. New York: Da Capo Press, 2002. 6915:Combs, Harry with Martin Caidin. 6737:Wright Brothers Aeroplane Company 6327:from the original on June 3, 2015 6308: 6247:Wright Brothers Aeroplane Company 6134:Wright Co. v. Herring-Curtiss Co. 6003:. Correspondence. UK. p. 598 5577:Wright Brothers Aeroplane Company 5571:James Allen (December 23, 1907), 5293:(2nd ed.). (cambridge.org). 4692:Wright Brothers Aeroplane Company 4640:Wright Brothers Aeroplane Company 4285:"What Dreams We Have – Chapter 4" 3979:Guroff, Margaret (July 8, 2016). 3811:from the original on May 23, 2015 3595:. National Air and Space Museum. 3165:United States pilot certification 3158: 3137:Wright Brothers National Memorial 2631:Wright Brothers National Memorial 2571: 2340:and other early aviators devised 2332: 2270: 2144:On September 17, Army lieutenant 2039: 785:Wright Brothers National Memorial 654:(spurred by the invention of the 10393:American people of Swiss descent 10378:American people of Dutch descent 10363:American aviation record holders 10343:20th-century American scientists 10328:19th-century American scientists 10295: 10283: 10271: 10259: 10247: 8080:Hall of Fame for Great Americans 7251: 7236: 6765: 6750: 6725: 6712: 6684: 6669: 6660: 6635: 6587: 6578: 6569: 6551: 6542: 6508: 6469: 6460: 6429: 6404: 6357: 6339: 6290: 6260: 6235: 6188: 6162: 6153: 6144: 6126: 6077: 5985: 5970: 5939: 5869: 5837: 5762: 5753: 5744: 5735: 5685: 5673: 5661: 5261:The Rebirth of European Aviation 5177:Gray, Carroll F. (August 2002). 4959:. April 28, 2016. Archived from 4910:– via Wright-Brothers.org. 4381:. Retrieved: September 21, 2010. 4237:Waynet Facts and Fun Information 3503:Aerospace Industries Association 3495: 3478: 3465: 3455: 3442: 3186: 3174: 3068: 3037: 3028: 1972:, a lieutenant in the U.S. Army 1657: seconds, November 16, 1904 1522: 1499: 1194:Replica of the Wright brothers' 1054: 1036: 774: 541:settled in Massachusetts in 1636 442: 433: 63: 54: 32:Wright brothers (disambiguation) 10498:Wright-Patterson Air Force Base 10338:20th-century American inventors 10333:20th-century American engineers 10323:19th-century American engineers 7937:Wright-Patterson Air Force Base 7927:Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy 7902:National Aviation Heritage Area 7892:Wright Brothers flights of 1909 7509:compiled by Gary Bradshaw from 7467:Wilbur Wright Birthplace Museum 7384: 6757:Potter, Sean (March 23, 2021). 6121:His Majesty's Stationery Office 5798:Yoon, Joe (November 17, 2002). 5652: 5564: 5448: 5423: 5414: 5402: 5393: 5355: 5334: 5314: 5277: 5249: 5219: 5210: 5201: 5145: 5136: 5075: 5046: 5037: 5028: 4998: 4975: 4949: 4940: 4923: 4914: 4897:"The Wright Brothers aeroplane" 4888: 4879: 4866:"Perfecting the Control System" 4859: 4827: 4812: 4705: 4679: 4653: 4627: 4618: 4604:"Some aeronautical experiments" 4595: 4569: 4515: 4489: 4420: 4411: 4402: 4393: 4384: 4362: 4340:National Air & Space Museum 4316: 4242: 4230: 4204: 4195: 4186: 4131: 4106: 4097: 4055:. Dayton History Books Online. 4028: 3998: 3972: 3895: 3823: 3430: 3421: 3403: 3372:Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy 3362:Wright Brothers flights of 1909 3318:National Aviation Heritage Area 3213:Aircraft certification for the 2951:Woodland Cemetery, Dayton, Ohio 2922:Woodland Cemetery and Arboretum 2419:Wright Aeronautical Corporation 2386:From 1910 until his death from 2383:company appealed the decision. 2180:All three Wrights relocated to 2129:as a passenger, and then Major 2036:as a sport began in the 1920s. 1947:United States Department of War 1746:Wright-Patterson Air Force Base 1669:, a cow pasture eight miles (13 1352: 970:305 sq ft (28 m) 942:290 sq ft (27 m) 914:165 sq ft (15 m) 10453:Flight distance record holders 10448:Flight altitude record holders 9607:Unknown Tiananmen Square rebel 7989:Susan Catherine Koerner Wright 6856:Johns Hopkins University Press 6169:Levins, Sandy (May 19, 2021). 6063:. Science Museum. p. 54. 5008:. Inventing a Flying Machine. 4606:. Western Society of Engineers 3475:from the Smithsonian in 1910. 3390: 3219:helicopter on Mars, April 2021 2756: 2703:The agreement reads, in part: 2460: 2216:made demonstration flights at 1864:, later superintendent of the 1755:. Nevertheless, at first this 1661:In 1904 the Wrights built the 134:Susan Catherine Koerner Wright 13: 1: 10483:People from Richmond, Indiana 9473:Leaders & revolutionaries 7268:Shapell Manuscript Foundation 6521:. Macmillan. pp. 88–89. 5800:"Origins of control surfaces" 5487:National Air and Space Museum 5125:. January 7, 1906. p. 2. 4874:National Air and Space Museum 4283:Paul Laurence Dunbar (2003). 3776:. Department of Engineering. 3512: 3115:, and North Carolina because 2865:Orville Wright served in the 2666:National Air and Space Museum 2542:Wright Brothers Flying School 2406:U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals 2357:Aerial Experiment Association 2279: 2263:, joined later that month by 1611:elsewhere, including Dayton. 1383: 1238:in a 300 copy printing. 1236:Some Aeronautical Experiments 802:In 1900 the brothers went to 650:Capitalizing on the national 645:National Air and Space Museum 590: 10503:Recipients of Franklin Medal 10458:Gliding in the United States 10358:American aerospace engineers 7511:Mississippi State University 7441:– O. & W. Wright (Also 7174:How We Invented the Airplane 6411:O'Dwyer, William J. (1978). 5531:. Retrieved October 1, 2012. 3542:. He was 76 years old." 3256:artifact to the Moon in the 2871:National Academy of Sciences 2619:traveled to the Moon in the 2393:the U.S. entered World War I 1440:To keep the weight down the 1224:Western Society of Engineers 462:(1828–1917), a clergyman of 424: 7: 10473:John Fritz Medal recipients 10368:American flight instructors 7549:Wright Brothers' Newspapers 7250:(public domain audiobooks) 7235:(public domain audiobooks) 6384:"glennhcurtiss.com website" 5491:The Smithsonian Institution 5010:The Smithsonian Institution 4870:The Smithsonian Institution 4344:The Smithsonian Institution 3786:The University of Liverpool 3688:The Smithsonian Institution 3278: 2977:Aviation in the pioneer era 2709:the Smithsonian Institution 2642:the Smithsonian Institution 2629:, and are exhibited at the 1994:Henri Deutsch de la Meurthe 1945:The brothers contacted the 1601:the Smithsonian Institution 691:the Smithsonian Institution 10: 10519: 10413:American aviation pioneers 9624:Artists & entertainers 8362:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 7977:Matthew Piers Watt Boulton 7973:Wright brothers patent war 7449: 7420: 7282:February 10, 2021, at the 7116:. New York: Walker, 2009. 7082:McFarland, Marvin W., ed. 6912:. Roma: IBN Editore, 1993. 6676:"NCR Loses a Close Friend" 6321:U.S. National Park Service 6228:December 31, 2010, at the 6200:delphoscanalcommission.com 6105:Great Seal / Patent Office 5704:, Retrieved: July 3, 2010. 5524:November 28, 2021, at the 5455:Gollin, Alfred M. (1984). 4984:"100 years of flight" 4946:Langewiesche 1972, p. 163. 4876:. Retrieved April 6, 2014. 4821:"Aeronautical Experiments" 4634:Joe McDaniel; et al. 4249:McCullough, David (2015). 3744:U.S. National Park Service 3313:List of firsts in aviation 2970: 2964: 2920:The Wright family plot at 2821: 2540:Between 1910 and 1916 the 2423:Curtiss-Wright Corporation 2286:Wright brothers patent war 2283: 821: 817: 769: 355:, at what is now known as 353:Kitty Hawk, North Carolina 29: 10080: 9926:Scientists & thinkers 9925: 9774: 9623: 9472: 9280: 9119: 8958: 8794: 8645: 8302:Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. 8297:Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. 8087: 7959: 7912:Pan American Aviation Day 7855: 7842:Orville and Wilbur Wright 7834: 7809: 7778: 7766: 7692: 7680: 7647: 7631: 7619: 7496:Wright Brothers Negatives 6876:. London: Wayland, 1974. 6832:Jet Propulsion Laboratory 6073:– via Google Books. 5697:January 21, 2012, at the 5382:A Wright brothers letter 5340:Howard 1998, pp. 154–155. 5096:The Newark Daily Advocate 5034:Howard 1988, pp. 108–109. 4804:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3794:10.1017/S0001924000013464 3654:"Flying through the ages" 2875:Franklin Delano Roosevelt 2761: 2438:Aërial Locomotion &c, 2233:Hudson-Fulton Celebration 1870:St. Louis World Fair 1603:, its current residence. 1329:superseded wing-warping. 1312:Wilbur Wright pilots the 1268:wings of many shapes and 985:112 lb (51 kg) 581:Early career and research 380:three-axis control system 343:heavier-than-air aircraft 315: 303: 295: 287: 277: 263: 243: 236: 232: 220: 212: 204: 194: 180: 160: 153: 142: 121: 104: 87: 79: 48: 41: 8895:Clarence Floyd Hirshfeld 8871:William Frederick Durand 8487:William Tecumseh Sherman 8177:George Washington Carver 7566:available online in the 6903:La Strenna dei Romanisti 6594:Parker, Dana T. (2013). 6515:Maurer, Richard (2003). 5817:Casey, Louis S. (1981). 5759:Kelly 1943, pp. 231–232. 5370:Winchester 2005, p. 311. 5361:Howard 1998, pp. 162–163 5207:Kelly 1943, pp. 101–102. 5142:Kelly 2002, pp. 112–113. 4661:"The road to Kitty Hawk" 4010:www.nationalaviation.org 3848:Jakab, Peter L. (1997). 3778:The Aeronautical Journal 3383: 2566:Stinson Aircraft Company 2478:factory in Dayton and a 2024:Return to glider flights 1430:The first flight of the 1070:The Aeronautical Journal 957:98 lb (44 kg) 929:52 lb (24 kg) 876:Glider vital statistics 10468:History of Dayton, Ohio 9081:Michael Lawrence Haider 8774:Charles P. E. Schneider 8567:John Greenleaf Whittier 8182:William Ellery Channing 8028:The Winds of Kitty Hawk 7847:Giuseppe Mario Bellanca 7525:Wright State University 7482:August 6, 2012, at the 7458:Smithsonian Institution 7264:April 20, 2014, at the 7229:Works by Orville Wright 6854:. Baltimore, Maryland: 6319:. What Dreams We Have. 6243:"The Airplane Business" 5152:Andrews, Allen (1977). 4847:Cite magazine requires 4738:Crouch, Tom D. (1989). 4531:2027/mdp.39015003322461 4081:. Library of Congress. 3954:Crouch, Tom D. (2003). 3597:Smithsonian Institution 3324:The Winds of Kitty Hawk 3020:The aviation historian 2560:grape soft drink); and 2550:Calbraith Perry Rodgers 2519:Wright brothers at the 2400:Victory and cooperation 2222:Crown Prince of Germany 1899:entered the limelight. 1635:Orville in flight over 1627:Establishing legitimacy 1241: 1027: 994: 982:17 ft (5.2 m) 954:14 ft (4.3 m) 697:, Chanute, Lilienthal, 675:Smithsonian Institution 520:. Wilbur was born near 472:Susan Catherine Koerner 10373:American glider pilots 9537:Martin Luther King Jr. 9367:Gregory Stephanopoulos 9039:Crawford H. Greenewalt 8938:Lewis Warrington Chubb 8845:Mihajlo Idvorski Pupin 8552:James McNeill Whistler 8482:Augustus Saint-Gaudens 8397:Matthew Fontaine Maury 7873:Wright Exhibition Team 7244:Works by Wilbur Wright 7009:Langewiesche, Wolfgang 6908:Ciampaglia, Giuseppe. 6632:Yenne 1987, pp. 44–46. 6119:. (1903). London, UK: 5914:. 2003. Archived from 5850:Mechanical Engineering 5156:. Putnam. p. 94. 4988:Mechanical Engineering 4933:Pasadena, California: 4920:Anderson 2004, p. 134. 4426:Tobin 2004, pp. 53–55. 4374:June 26, 2009, at the 3299:John Joseph Montgomery 3248:solar panel. In 1969, 3220: 2990: 2943: 2924: 2890:Lockheed Constellation 2831: 2796: 2771: 2714: 2669: 2634: 2606: 2603:Hammondsport, New York 2524: 2470: 2442:aileron control system 2295: 2261:Frederick E. Humphreys 2257:College Park, Maryland 2243:, flew north over the 2177: 2141: 2087: 2057: 2012: 1981:U.S. Army Signal Corps 1961: 1942: 1849: 1796: 1736: 1724: 1658: 1580: 1573: 1437: 1393: 1391:New England Air Museum 1337: 1317: 1260: 1199: 1156: 1004: 973:5 ft (1.5 m) 945:7 ft (2.1 m) 836: 788: 723: 647: 597: 524:, in 1867; Orville in 492:New Rochelle, New York 9775:Builders & titans 9579:Franklin D. Roosevelt 9254:George N. Hatsopoulos 9176:Claude Elwood Shannon 8991:William Embry Wrather 8950:Charles Metcalf Allen 8914:Willis Rodney Whitney 8908:Everette Lee DeGolyer 8851:Daniel Cowan Jackling 8696:Charles Talbot Porter 8684:Alexander Graham Bell 8502:Harriet Beecher Stowe 8472:Franklin D. Roosevelt 8202:James Fenimore Cooper 8162:William Cullen Bryant 8137:Alexander Graham Bell 7944:Wright Brothers Field 7922:Wright Brothers Medal 7907:National Aviation Day 7374:Orville Wright Letter 7334:National Park Service 6993:. Mineola, New York: 6087:A History of Aircraft 5844:Wicks, Frank (2003). 5770:"The Dream of Flight" 5718:"27: carlotta bollee" 5483:"Langley Aerodrome A" 4782:Dodson, M.G. (2005). 4757:"Kitty Hawk in a box" 4554:World Digital Library 4471:Combs, Harry (1979). 3540:Miami Valley Hospital 3367:Wright Brothers Medal 3212: 3205:Wright Brothers Field 3155:, where they remain. 3055:, built and flown in 3015:Alberto Santos-Dumont 2987:US Airman Certificate 2984: 2973:Early flying machines 2971:Further information: 2938: 2919: 2879:National Aviation Day 2873:. In 1939, President 2829: 2791: 2780:(which translates to 2769: 2705: 2674:London Science Museum 2659: 2612: 2605:, September 17, 1914. 2592: 2518: 2502:Indianapolis Speedway 2468: 2361:Alexander Graham Bell 2293: 2175: 2139: 2082: 2047: 2010: 2002:Charles Ranlett Flint 1974:Aeronautical Division 1956: 1940: 1866:Royal Balloon Factory 1843: 1775: 1734: 1708: 1634: 1578: 1568: 1475:for his man-carrying 1429: 1381: 1372:power-to-weight ratio 1335: 1311: 1276:(wingspan divided by 1249: 1193: 1157: 1002: 939:22 ft (7 m) 840:aeronautical data on 831: 782: 721: 642: 588: 116:flight control system 9916:Thomas J. Watson Jr. 9158:T. Louis Austin, Jr. 8985:Benjamin F. Fairless 8920:Charles F. Kettering 8889:Frank Baldwin Jewett 8877:Arthur Newell Talbot 8864:Frank Julian Sprague 8827:Herbert Clark Hoover 8815:Elmer Ambrose Sperry 8714:Robert Woolston Hunt 8532:Booker T. Washington 8442:Alice Freeman Palmer 8422:William T. G. Morton 8367:James Russell Lowell 7952:(Plutonian mountain) 7868:Wright Flying School 7863:Wright Cycle Company 7817:Wright-Bellanca WB-1 7553:Dayton Metro Library 6974:Kelly, Fred C., ed. 6390:on February 28, 2003 5912:Centennial of Flight 5888:on February 21, 2011 5741:Combs 1979, p. 282. 5640:on November 21, 2011 5237:. In their own words 5216:Howard 1988, p. 139. 5127:(page 2 of the 4963:on December 25, 2018 4688:"1901 Wright Glider" 3901:Mortimer 2009, p. 2. 2883:national observation 2830:Orville Wright, 1928 2812:Schenck and Williams 2380:Aero Club of America 1831:, who published the 1555:Montgolfier brothers 1507:or wings", placing " 1491:First powered flight 1389:, on display at the 1114: 917:5 ft (2 m) 664:Wright Cycle Company 630:Paul Laurence Dunbar 614:times of controversy 30:For other uses, see 10064:Ludwig Wittgenstein 10011:John Maynard Keynes 9783:Stephen Bechtel Sr. 9391:Anne S. Kiremidjian 9361:Leslie E. Robertson 9343:Yvonne Claeys Brill 9337:Kristina M. Johnson 9272:George H. Heilmeier 9093:Patrick E. Haggerty 8979:Ervin George Bailey 8944:Theodore von Kármán 8857:John Ripley Freeman 8839:David Watson Taylor 8708:William Henry White 8678:George Westinghouse 8547:George Westinghouse 8517:Henry David Thoreau 8427:John Lothrop Motley 8402:Albert A. Michelson 8282:Nathaniel Hawthorne 8232:Ralph Waldo Emerson 8217:James Buchanan Eads 8036:The Wright Brothers 8020:The Wright Brothers 7932:Wilbur Wright Field 7917:Wright Brothers Day 7810:Passenger aircraft: 7768:Wright Aeronautical 7613:Wright Aeronautical 7428:U.S. patent 821,393 7354:Library of Congress 7344:Library of Congress 7303:Scientific American 7290:What Dreams We Have 7034:The Wright Brothers 6874:The Wright Brothers 6485:(Radio broadcast). 6446:The Washington Post 6274:on February 2, 2010 5997:"The first aileron" 5918:on October 22, 2012 5774:Library of Congress 5750:Kelly 1943, p. 230. 5658:Howard, pp. 258–260 5546:"Ernest Archdeacon" 5529:Wright Brothers.org 5497:on November 9, 2007 5435:Scientific American 5399:Tobin 2004, p. 211. 5352:Howard 1998, p. 161 5235:Wright-Brothers.org 5133:"Magazine" section) 5081:Tobin 2004, p. 159. 5062:Wright-Brothers.org 5056:Wright Flyer I 5043:Tobin 2004, p. 192. 4885:Howard 1988, p. 72. 4761:wright-brothers.org 4665:wright-brothers.org 4624:Howard 1988, p. 52. 4581:Library of Congress 4557:. December 17, 1903 4390:Howard 1988, p. 30. 4350:on October 24, 2021 4252:The Wright Brothers 4212:"The Wright Family" 4169:The Wright Brothers 3829:Howard 1988, p. 89. 3694:on January 17, 2015 3357:Wright Brothers Day 3340:The Wright Brothers 3332:The Wright Brothers 3294:History of aviation 3287:History by Contract 3130:Ohio license plates 3103:The U.S. states of 2906:Burbank, California 2770:Wilbur Wright, 1912 2668:in Washington, D.C. 2428:Aviation historian 2404:In January 1914, a 2239:. He took off from 1917:Aéro-Club de France 1903:European skepticism 1862:Colonel J.E. Capper 1855:Scientific American 1814:Scientific American 1363:coefficient of lift 1359:coefficient of drag 1107: 877: 714:Ideas about control 367:fixed-wing aircraft 291:4 years high school 208:3 years high school 10418:Aviators from Ohio 10408:Aviation inventors 10353:Aircraft designers 10184:Emmeline Pankhurst 10103:Lady Diana Spencer 10081:Heroes & icons 9867:Charles E. Merrill 9586:Theodore Roosevelt 9349:Gerald J. Posakony 9260:Arthur E. Humphrey 9075:Igor Ivan Sikorsky 9033:Stephen D. Bechtel 8997:Harry Alonzo Winne 8967:Walter H. Aldridge 8926:John Lucian Savage 8803:John Frank Stevens 8756:George W. Goethals 8690:Thomas Alva Edison 8477:Theodore Roosevelt 8417:Samuel F. B. Morse 8277:Alexander Hamilton 8222:Thomas Alva Edison 8132:Henry Ward Beecher 8117:John James Audubon 7946:(Martian airfield) 7856:History and legacy 6995:Dover Publications 6850:Anderson, John D. 6693:"Heavier than air" 6643:"Wright Flyer III" 6371:on August 17, 2002 5979:The New York Times 5952:The New York Times 5776:. November 4, 2003 5692:"Thérèse Peltier." 5552:on October 8, 2012 5122:The New York Times 4929:Culick, Fred E.C. 4417:Tobin 2004, p. 70. 4408:Tobin 2004, p. 53. 4399:Tobin 2004, p. 92. 4291:on August 15, 2007 3714:"Wagging Its Tail" 3660:. March 19, 1999. 3564:The New York Times 3531:The New York Times 3304:List of covers of 3252:carried a similar 3221: 3153:Dearborn, Michigan 3149:Greenfield Village 3059:, and Ohio native 2991: 2925: 2832: 2786:aerial photography 2772: 2670: 2660:The original 1903 2635: 2607: 2546:Henry "Hap" Arnold 2525: 2471: 2396:the legal battle. 2300:patent application 2296: 2255:. On October 8 in 2186:Charles de Lambert 2178: 2142: 2133:three days later. 2119:United States Army 2088: 2058: 2013: 1959:Carolina ..." 1951:British War Office 1943: 1850: 1805:Great Dayton Flood 1797: 1737: 1725: 1659: 1581: 1438: 1394: 1346:three-axis control 1338: 1318: 1282:lift-to-drag ratio 1261: 1257:lift-to-drag ratio 1200: 1163:L = lift in pounds 1152: 1106:The lift equation 1105: 1005: 875: 837: 789: 724: 648: 598: 571:Cedar Rapids, Iowa 522:Millville, Indiana 273:Dayton, Ohio, U.S. 257:Millville, Indiana 190:Dayton, Ohio, U.S. 10235: 10234: 10163:Charles Lindbergh 10096:The American G.I. 9990:Robert H. Goddard 9976:Alexander Fleming 9600:Margaret Thatcher 9572:Eleanor Roosevelt 9530:Ruhollah Khomeini 9523:Pope John Paul II 9502:Mikhail Gorbachev 9488:Winston Churchill 9429: 9428: 9188:Daniel C. Drucker 9152:Nathan M. Newmark 8821:John Joseph Carty 8809:Edward Dean Adams 8780:Guglielmo Marconi 8754:1919 : Gen. 8744:Henry Marion Howe 8605: 8604: 8537:George Washington 8492:John Philip Sousa 8327:Thomas J. Jackson 8317:Washington Irving 8262:William C. Gorgas 8247:Benjamin Franklin 8212:Charlotte Cushman 8097:John Quincy Adams 8046: 8045: 7830: 7829: 7762: 7761: 7676: 7675: 7648:Powered aircraft: 7568:National Archives 7490:Image collections 7215:Project Gutenberg 7172:Wright, Orville. 7122:978-0-8027-1711-5 7112:Mortimer, Gavin. 7028:McCullough, David 6940:978-0-8117-2781-5 6882:978-0-85340-342-5 6605:978-0-9897906-0-4 6563:The Dayton Herald 6477:McCullough, David 6070:978-1-900747-52-3 6055:Gibbs-Smith, C.H. 5993:Gibbs-Smith, C.H. 5722:Magnificent Women 5614:on March 22, 2011 5605:Popular Mechanics 5468:978-0-8047-1265-1 5409:"Wright Brothers" 5257:Gibbs-Smith, C.H. 4740:The Bishop's Boys 4711:Kelly 2002, p. 42 4040:978-0-8214-2051-5 4016:on April 25, 2018 3411:Dayton Daily News 3092:, at what is now 3051:depicts the 1905 2999:Gustave Whitehead 2752: 2751: 2722:Gustave Whitehead 2681:Charles Lindbergh 2595:Langley Aerodrome 2564:, founder of the 2359:(AEA), headed by 1985:Specification 486 1915:, founder of the 1913:Ernest Archdeacon 1885:Langley Aerodrome 1874:Patrick Alexander 1846:Dayton Daily News 1834:Dayton Daily News 1564:famous photograph 1180: 1179: 1043:Orville with the 1016:km) south to the 989: 988: 857:Sir George Cayley 834:Augustus Herring. 699:Leonardo da Vinci 695:Sir George Cayley 602:Richmond, Indiana 507:George Washington 500:Revolutionary War 484:Vanderbilt family 384:aircraft controls 319: 318: 97:The Bishop's boys 16:(Redirected from 10510: 10300: 10299: 10298: 10288: 10287: 10286: 10276: 10275: 10274: 10264: 10263: 10262: 10252: 10251: 10250: 10243: 10228: 10221: 10214: 10207: 10200: 10193: 10186: 10179: 10172: 10165: 10158: 10151: 10144: 10137: 10126: 10119: 10112: 10105: 10098: 10091: 10073: 10066: 10059: 10048: 10041: 10039:William Shockley 10034: 10027: 10020: 10013: 10006: 9999: 9992: 9985: 9978: 9971: 9964: 9962:Philo Farnsworth 9957: 9950: 9943: 9936: 9918: 9911: 9904: 9897: 9890: 9883: 9876: 9869: 9862: 9855: 9848: 9841: 9834: 9827: 9820: 9813: 9806: 9799: 9792: 9785: 9767: 9760: 9753: 9751:Steven Spielberg 9746: 9739: 9732: 9725: 9718: 9711: 9704: 9697: 9690: 9683: 9676: 9669: 9662: 9655: 9648: 9641: 9634: 9616: 9609: 9602: 9595: 9588: 9581: 9574: 9567: 9560: 9553: 9546: 9539: 9532: 9525: 9518: 9511: 9504: 9497: 9490: 9483: 9481:David Ben-Gurion 9456: 9449: 9442: 9433: 9432: 9379:Jon D. Magnusson 9331:Gavriel Salvendy 9307:Robert S. Langer 9069:Walker L. Cisler 9057:Frederick Kappel 8883:Paul Dyer Merica 8766:1921 : Sir 8726:John Edson Sweet 8706:1911 : Sir 8639:John Fritz Medal 8632: 8625: 8618: 8609: 8608: 8377:Edward MacDowell 8332:Thomas Jefferson 8267:Ulysses S. Grant 8227:Jonathan Edwards 8197:Grover Cleveland 8112:Susan B. Anthony 8073: 8066: 8059: 8050: 8049: 7995:Katharine Wright 7779:Racing aircraft: 7776: 7775: 7690: 7689: 7629: 7628: 7598: 7591: 7584: 7575: 7574: 7440: 7433: 7430: 7255: 7254: 7240: 7239: 7224:Internet Archive 7079: 7057: 7037: 6837: 6836: 6823: 6817: 6816: 6814: 6812: 6795: 6789: 6788: 6786: 6784: 6769: 6763: 6762: 6754: 6748: 6747: 6745: 6743: 6733:"Who was first?" 6729: 6723: 6716: 6710: 6709: 6707: 6705: 6688: 6682: 6679:NCR Factory News 6673: 6667: 6664: 6658: 6657: 6655: 6653: 6639: 6633: 6630: 6624: 6623: 6617: 6609: 6591: 6585: 6582: 6576: 6573: 6567: 6566: 6555: 6549: 6546: 6540: 6539: 6537: 6535: 6512: 6506: 6503: 6494: 6493: 6479:(July 9, 2016). 6473: 6467: 6464: 6458: 6457: 6455: 6453: 6433: 6427: 6426: 6408: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6395: 6386:. Archived from 6380: 6378: 6376: 6367:. Archived from 6361: 6355: 6354: 6353:. April 1, 2013. 6343: 6337: 6336: 6334: 6332: 6306: 6297: 6294: 6288: 6283: 6281: 6279: 6270:. Archived from 6264: 6258: 6257: 6255: 6253: 6239: 6233: 6220: 6211: 6210: 6208: 6206: 6192: 6186: 6185: 6183: 6181: 6166: 6160: 6157: 6151: 6148: 6142: 6136: 6130: 6124: 6114: 6108: 6098: 6092: 6091: 6081: 6075: 6074: 6051: 6042: 6040: 6038: 6036: 6019: 6013: 6012: 6010: 6008: 5989: 5983: 5974: 5968: 5967: 5962: 5960: 5955:. August 7, 1917 5943: 5937: 5936: 5925: 5923: 5904: 5898: 5897: 5895: 5893: 5873: 5867: 5865: 5863: 5861: 5856:on June 29, 2011 5846:"Trial by Flyer" 5841: 5835: 5834: 5814: 5808: 5807: 5804:Aerospaceweb.org 5795: 5786: 5785: 5783: 5781: 5766: 5760: 5757: 5751: 5748: 5742: 5739: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5728: 5714: 5705: 5689: 5683: 5677: 5671: 5665: 5659: 5656: 5650: 5649: 5647: 5645: 5630: 5624: 5623: 5621: 5619: 5613: 5607:. Archived from 5602: 5593: 5587: 5586: 5585: 5583: 5568: 5562: 5561: 5559: 5557: 5548:. Archived from 5541: 5532: 5519:The Prize Patrol 5516: 5507: 5506: 5504: 5502: 5493:. Archived from 5479: 5473: 5472: 5452: 5446: 5445: 5444: 5442: 5427: 5421: 5418: 5412: 5406: 5400: 5397: 5391: 5380: 5371: 5368: 5362: 5359: 5353: 5350: 5341: 5338: 5332: 5331: 5318: 5312: 5311: 5309: 5307: 5292: 5281: 5275: 5274: 5253: 5247: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5223: 5217: 5214: 5208: 5205: 5199: 5198: 5196: 5194: 5174: 5168: 5167: 5149: 5143: 5140: 5134: 5126: 5113: 5100: 5099: 5088: 5082: 5079: 5073: 5072: 5070: 5068: 5050: 5044: 5041: 5035: 5032: 5026: 5025: 5023: 5021: 5016:on April 8, 2014 5012:. Archived from 5002: 4996: 4995: 4994:on July 5, 2004. 4979: 4973: 4972: 4970: 4968: 4953: 4947: 4944: 4938: 4927: 4921: 4918: 4912: 4911: 4909: 4907: 4901:Century Magazine 4892: 4886: 4883: 4877: 4863: 4857: 4856: 4850: 4845: 4843: 4835: 4831: 4825: 4824: 4819:Wright, Wilbur. 4816: 4810: 4809: 4803: 4795: 4793: 4791: 4779: 4773: 4772: 4770: 4768: 4753: 4744: 4743: 4735: 4712: 4709: 4703: 4702: 4700: 4698: 4683: 4677: 4675: 4673: 4671: 4657: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4646: 4636:"Just the Facts" 4631: 4625: 4622: 4616: 4615: 4613: 4611: 4599: 4593: 4592: 4590: 4588: 4573: 4567: 4566: 4564: 4562: 4545: 4534: 4533: 4519: 4513: 4512: 4506: 4504: 4493: 4487: 4486: 4468: 4427: 4424: 4418: 4415: 4409: 4406: 4400: 4397: 4391: 4388: 4382: 4366: 4360: 4359: 4357: 4355: 4346:. Archived from 4332: 4323: 4320: 4314: 4307: 4301: 4300: 4298: 4296: 4280: 4274: 4273: 4271: 4269: 4246: 4240: 4234: 4228: 4227: 4225: 4223: 4208: 4202: 4199: 4193: 4190: 4184: 4183: 4172:. NMSI Trading. 4163: 4154: 4153: 4151: 4149: 4135: 4129: 4128: 4126: 4124: 4110: 4104: 4101: 4095: 4094: 4092: 4090: 4075: 4069: 4068: 4066: 4064: 4049: 4043: 4032: 4026: 4025: 4023: 4021: 4012:. Archived from 4002: 3996: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3976: 3970: 3969: 3951: 3902: 3899: 3893: 3892: 3890: 3888: 3881:"Flying machine" 3877: 3868: 3867: 3845: 3830: 3827: 3821: 3820: 3818: 3816: 3810: 3775: 3766: 3760: 3759: 3757: 3755: 3736: 3730: 3729: 3727: 3725: 3710: 3704: 3703: 3701: 3699: 3690:. Archived from 3680: 3674: 3673: 3671: 3669: 3650: 3644: 3643: 3641: 3639: 3624:"Program 3" 3619: 3613: 3612: 3610: 3608: 3589: 3583: 3582: 3574: 3572: 3560: 3552: 3543: 3526: 3506: 3499: 3493: 3482: 3476: 3469: 3463: 3459: 3453: 3452:in Milan, Italy. 3446: 3440: 3434: 3428: 3425: 3419: 3407: 3401: 3394: 3308:magazine (1920s) 3190: 3178: 3094:Kill Devil Hills 3080:50 State Quarter 3072: 3053:Wright Flyer III 3049:50 State Quarter 3041: 3022:C.H. Gibbs-Smith 2961:Competing claims 2930:Wright Flyer III 2734: 2733: 2585:Smithsonian feud 2452:Public reactions 2430:C.H. Gibbs-Smith 2317:coordinated turn 2265:Benjamin Foulois 2241:Governors Island 2224:as a passenger. 2146:Thomas Selfridge 1794: 1793: 1789: 1786: 1778:Wright Flyer III 1722: 1721: 1717: 1714: 1672: 1656: 1655: 1651: 1648: 1539:Kill Devil Hills 1526: 1503: 1458:fuel-air mixture 1388: 1385: 1290:Century Magazine 1161: 1159: 1158: 1153: 1151: 1150: 1140: 1139: 1108: 1104: 1058: 1040: 1018:Kill Devil Hills 1015: 878: 874: 626:The Evening Item 595: 592: 550:and Orville for 474:(1831–1889), of 446: 437: 386:made fixed-wing 372:Wright Flyer III 357:Kill Devil Hills 311: 270: 253: 251: 228: 187: 184:January 30, 1948 170: 168: 147:Katharine Wright 88:Other names 67: 58: 39: 38: 21: 10518: 10517: 10513: 10512: 10511: 10509: 10508: 10507: 10348:Aerodynamicists 10318:Wright brothers 10308: 10307: 10306: 10296: 10294: 10284: 10282: 10272: 10270: 10260: 10258: 10248: 10246: 10238: 10236: 10231: 10224: 10217: 10212:Andrei Sakharov 10210: 10205:Jackie Robinson 10203: 10196: 10189: 10182: 10175: 10168: 10161: 10154: 10147: 10140: 10129: 10122: 10115: 10108: 10101: 10094: 10087: 10076: 10071:Wright brothers 10069: 10062: 10051: 10044: 10037: 10030: 10023: 10016: 10009: 10002: 9995: 9988: 9981: 9974: 9967: 9960: 9955:Albert Einstein 9953: 9946: 9941:Tim Berners-Lee 9939: 9932: 9921: 9914: 9907: 9900: 9893: 9886: 9879: 9872: 9865: 9858: 9851: 9844: 9837: 9830: 9825:Amadeo Giannini 9823: 9816: 9809: 9802: 9795: 9788: 9781: 9770: 9763: 9758:Igor Stravinsky 9756: 9749: 9742: 9735: 9728: 9721: 9714: 9707: 9700: 9695:Aretha Franklin 9693: 9686: 9679: 9672: 9667:Charlie Chaplin 9665: 9658: 9651: 9644: 9637: 9632:Louis Armstrong 9630: 9619: 9612: 9605: 9598: 9593:Margaret Sanger 9591: 9584: 9577: 9570: 9563: 9556: 9549: 9542: 9535: 9528: 9521: 9514: 9507: 9500: 9493: 9486: 9479: 9468: 9460: 9430: 9425: 9313:John A. Swanson 9276: 9266:Ivan A. Getting 9212:Robert N. Noyce 9146:Robert G. Heitz 9140:George R. Brown 9134:Thomas O. Paine 9128:Manson Benedict 9115: 9099:William Webster 9087:Glenn B. Warren 9063:Warren K. Lewis 9027:Gwilym A. Price 9021:Mervin J. Kelly 8954: 8790: 8768:Robert Hadfield 8641: 8636: 8606: 8601: 8577:Frances Willard 8512:Sylvanus Thayer 8462:Edgar Allan Poe 8447:Francis Parkman 8357:Abraham Lincoln 8337:John Paul Jones 8257:Josiah W. Gibbs 8172:Andrew Carnegie 8157:Phillips Brooks 8122:George Bancroft 8083: 8077: 8047: 8042: 7955: 7885:Huffman Prairie 7851: 7826: 7805: 7771: 7758: 7685: 7672: 7643: 7624: 7621:Wright brothers 7615: 7605:Wright brothers 7602: 7492: 7484:Wayback Machine 7452: 7438: 7431: 7426: 7423: 7387: 7340:Orville Wright 7329:Wright Brothers 7284:Wayback Machine 7266:Wayback Machine 7252: 7237: 7207: 7202: 7142:Walsh, John E. 7076: 7046: 6989:Kelly, Fred C. 6887:Chmiel, Louis. 6846: 6844:Further reading 6841: 6840: 6825: 6824: 6820: 6810: 6808: 6796: 6792: 6782: 6780: 6770: 6766: 6755: 6751: 6741: 6739: 6731: 6730: 6726: 6717: 6713: 6703: 6701: 6689: 6685: 6674: 6670: 6665: 6661: 6651: 6649: 6641: 6640: 6636: 6631: 6627: 6611: 6610: 6606: 6592: 6588: 6583: 6579: 6574: 6570: 6557: 6556: 6552: 6547: 6543: 6533: 6531: 6529: 6513: 6509: 6504: 6497: 6474: 6470: 6465: 6461: 6451: 6449: 6439:(May 8, 2015). 6437:Reeve Lindbergh 6434: 6430: 6423: 6409: 6405: 6400: 6393: 6391: 6382: 6374: 6372: 6363: 6362: 6358: 6345: 6344: 6340: 6330: 6328: 6307: 6300: 6295: 6291: 6286: 6284: 6277: 6275: 6266: 6265: 6261: 6251: 6249: 6241: 6240: 6236: 6230:Wayback Machine 6221: 6214: 6204: 6202: 6194: 6193: 6189: 6179: 6177: 6175:WednesdaysWomen 6167: 6163: 6158: 6154: 6149: 6145: 6132: 6131: 6127: 6115: 6111: 6101:Boulton, M.P.W. 6099: 6095: 6082: 6078: 6071: 6052: 6045: 6034: 6032: 6028:Flight Magazine 6021: 6020: 6016: 6006: 6004: 6001:Flight Magazine 5990: 5986: 5975: 5971: 5958: 5956: 5945: 5944: 5940: 5921: 5919: 5906: 5905: 5901: 5891: 5889: 5874: 5870: 5859: 5857: 5842: 5838: 5831: 5815: 5811: 5796: 5789: 5779: 5777: 5768: 5767: 5763: 5758: 5754: 5749: 5745: 5740: 5736: 5726: 5724: 5716: 5715: 5708: 5699:Wayback Machine 5690: 5686: 5678: 5674: 5666: 5662: 5657: 5653: 5643: 5641: 5632: 5631: 5627: 5617: 5615: 5611: 5600: 5594: 5590: 5581: 5579: 5569: 5565: 5555: 5553: 5542: 5535: 5526:Wayback Machine 5517: 5510: 5500: 5498: 5481: 5480: 5476: 5469: 5453: 5449: 5440: 5438: 5429: 5428: 5424: 5419: 5415: 5407: 5403: 5398: 5394: 5381: 5374: 5369: 5365: 5360: 5356: 5351: 5344: 5339: 5335: 5320: 5319: 5315: 5305: 5303: 5301: 5300:97805218-0992-4 5290: 5282: 5278: 5271: 5254: 5250: 5240: 5238: 5229:Virginian-Pilot 5225: 5224: 5220: 5215: 5211: 5206: 5202: 5192: 5190: 5175: 5171: 5164: 5150: 5146: 5141: 5137: 5115: 5114: 5103: 5090: 5089: 5085: 5080: 5076: 5066: 5064: 5052: 5051: 5047: 5042: 5038: 5033: 5029: 5019: 5017: 5004: 5003: 4999: 4980: 4976: 4966: 4964: 4955: 4954: 4950: 4945: 4941: 4928: 4924: 4919: 4915: 4905: 4903: 4893: 4889: 4884: 4880: 4864: 4860: 4849:|magazine= 4848: 4846: 4837: 4836: 4833: 4832: 4828: 4817: 4813: 4797: 4796: 4789: 4787: 4780: 4776: 4766: 4764: 4755: 4754: 4747: 4736: 4715: 4710: 4706: 4696: 4694: 4684: 4680: 4669: 4667: 4659: 4658: 4654: 4644: 4642: 4632: 4628: 4623: 4619: 4609: 4607: 4600: 4596: 4586: 4584: 4575: 4574: 4570: 4560: 4558: 4547: 4546: 4537: 4521: 4520: 4516: 4502: 4500: 4495: 4494: 4490: 4483: 4469: 4430: 4425: 4421: 4416: 4412: 4407: 4403: 4398: 4394: 4389: 4385: 4376:Wayback Machine 4367: 4363: 4353: 4351: 4334: 4333: 4326: 4321: 4317: 4308: 4304: 4294: 4292: 4281: 4277: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4247: 4243: 4235: 4231: 4221: 4219: 4210: 4209: 4205: 4200: 4196: 4191: 4187: 4180: 4164: 4157: 4147: 4145: 4137: 4136: 4132: 4122: 4120: 4112: 4111: 4107: 4102: 4098: 4088: 4086: 4077: 4076: 4072: 4062: 4060: 4051: 4050: 4046: 4033: 4029: 4019: 4017: 4004: 4003: 3999: 3989: 3987: 3977: 3973: 3966: 3952: 3905: 3900: 3896: 3886: 3884: 3879: 3878: 3871: 3864: 3846: 3833: 3828: 3824: 3814: 3812: 3808: 3773: 3767: 3763: 3753: 3751: 3738: 3737: 3733: 3723: 3721: 3712: 3711: 3707: 3697: 3695: 3682: 3681: 3677: 3667: 3665: 3652: 3651: 3647: 3637: 3635: 3620: 3616: 3606: 3604: 3591: 3590: 3586: 3570: 3568: 3558: 3554: 3553: 3546: 3527: 3520: 3515: 3510: 3509: 3500: 3496: 3483: 3479: 3470: 3466: 3460: 3456: 3450:Léon Delagrange 3447: 3443: 3435: 3431: 3426: 3422: 3408: 3404: 3395: 3391: 3386: 3381: 3281: 3207: 3202: 3201: 3200: 3199: 3198: 3191: 3183: 3182: 3179: 3161: 3101: 3100: 3099: 3098: 3097: 3073: 3065: 3064: 3042: 3031: 2979: 2969: 2963: 2955:John T. Daniels 2824: 2764: 2759: 2746: 2744: 2742: 2740: 2640:, secretary of 2587: 2574: 2506:Ralph Johnstone 2463: 2454: 2411:cross-licensing 2402: 2335: 2288: 2282: 2273: 2190:Paul Tissandier 2103:Griffith Brewer 2042: 2026: 1935: 1922:New York Herald 1905: 1895:, and American 1893:Léon Delagrange 1791: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1719: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1670: 1667:Huffman Prairie 1663:Wright Flyer II 1653: 1649: 1646: 1644: 1641:Wright Flyer II 1637:Huffman Prairie 1629: 1585:John T. Daniels 1535: 1534: 1533: 1532: 1531: 1527: 1518: 1517: 1516: 1504: 1493: 1477:Great Aerodrome 1452:. Gasoline was 1386: 1355: 1253:angle of attack 1244: 1174: 1170: 1168: 1166: 1164: 1146: 1142: 1135: 1131: 1115: 1112: 1111: 1066: 1065: 1064: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1050: 1049: 1048: 1041: 1030: 1013: 997: 846:Otto Lilienthal 826: 820: 777: 772: 716: 668:Otto Lilienthal 593: 583: 575:Alphonse Pénaud 490:Gano family of 456: 455: 454: 453: 449: 448: 447: 439: 438: 427: 362:Wright Flyer II 323:Wright brothers 272: 268: 255: 249: 247: 189: 185: 172: 171:August 19, 1871 166: 164: 138: 100: 75: 72: 71: 70: 69: 68: 60: 59: 44: 43:Wright brothers 35: 28: 23: 22: 18:Wright Brothers 15: 12: 11: 5: 10516: 10506: 10505: 10500: 10495: 10490: 10485: 10480: 10475: 10470: 10465: 10460: 10455: 10450: 10445: 10440: 10435: 10430: 10425: 10420: 10415: 10410: 10405: 10400: 10395: 10390: 10385: 10380: 10375: 10370: 10365: 10360: 10355: 10350: 10345: 10340: 10335: 10330: 10325: 10320: 10305: 10304: 10292: 10280: 10268: 10256: 10233: 10232: 10230: 10229: 10222: 10215: 10208: 10201: 10194: 10187: 10180: 10177:Marilyn Monroe 10173: 10166: 10159: 10152: 10149:Kennedy family 10145: 10138: 10135:Tenzing Norgay 10131:Edmund Hillary 10127: 10120: 10113: 10106: 10099: 10092: 10084: 10082: 10078: 10077: 10075: 10074: 10067: 10060: 10049: 10042: 10035: 10028: 10021: 10014: 10007: 10000: 9993: 9986: 9979: 9972: 9965: 9958: 9951: 9944: 9937: 9929: 9927: 9923: 9922: 9920: 9919: 9912: 9905: 9898: 9891: 9884: 9881:Walter Reuther 9877: 9870: 9863: 9860:Louis B. Mayer 9856: 9849: 9846:William Levitt 9842: 9835: 9828: 9821: 9814: 9807: 9800: 9797:Willis Carrier 9793: 9786: 9778: 9776: 9772: 9771: 9769: 9768: 9761: 9754: 9747: 9740: 9733: 9726: 9719: 9712: 9705: 9698: 9691: 9684: 9677: 9670: 9663: 9656: 9649: 9642: 9635: 9627: 9625: 9621: 9620: 9618: 9617: 9610: 9603: 9596: 9589: 9582: 9575: 9568: 9561: 9554: 9551:Nelson Mandela 9547: 9544:Vladimir Lenin 9540: 9533: 9526: 9519: 9512: 9505: 9498: 9495:Mahatma Gandhi 9491: 9484: 9476: 9474: 9470: 9469: 9459: 9458: 9451: 9444: 9436: 9427: 9426: 9424: 9423: 9417: 9411: 9405: 9399: 9393: 9387: 9381: 9375: 9373:Julia Weertman 9369: 9363: 9357: 9355:Andrew Viterbi 9351: 9345: 9339: 9333: 9327: 9321: 9315: 9309: 9303: 9297: 9295:Paul C. W. Chu 9291: 9289:John W. Fisher 9284: 9282: 9278: 9277: 9275: 9274: 9268: 9262: 9256: 9250: 9248:Lynn S. Beedle 9244: 9242:Hoyt C. Hottel 9238: 9232: 9226: 9220: 9218:Gordon A. Cain 9214: 9208: 9202: 9196: 9190: 9184: 9182:Kenneth A. Roe 9178: 9172: 9166: 9160: 9154: 9148: 9142: 9136: 9130: 9123: 9121: 9117: 9116: 9114: 9113: 9107: 9101: 9095: 9089: 9083: 9077: 9071: 9065: 9059: 9053: 9051:Lucius D. Clay 9047: 9045:Hugh L. Dryden 9041: 9035: 9029: 9023: 9017: 9011: 9005: 8999: 8993: 8987: 8981: 8975: 8969: 8962: 8960: 8956: 8955: 8953: 8952: 8946: 8940: 8934: 8928: 8922: 8916: 8910: 8904: 8898: 8891: 8885: 8879: 8873: 8867: 8860: 8853: 8847: 8841: 8835: 8833:Ralph Modjeski 8829: 8823: 8817: 8811: 8805: 8798: 8796: 8792: 8791: 8789: 8788: 8786:Ambrose Swasey 8782: 8776: 8770: 8764: 8762:Orville Wright 8758: 8752: 8750:J. Waldo Smith 8746: 8740: 8734: 8728: 8722: 8716: 8710: 8704: 8698: 8692: 8686: 8680: 8674: 8668: 8662: 8656: 8649: 8647: 8643: 8642: 8635: 8634: 8627: 8620: 8612: 8603: 8602: 8600: 8599: 8594: 8592:Orville Wright 8589: 8587:Woodrow Wilson 8584: 8582:Roger Williams 8579: 8574: 8569: 8564: 8559: 8554: 8549: 8544: 8542:Daniel Webster 8539: 8534: 8529: 8524: 8519: 8514: 8509: 8507:Gilbert Stuart 8504: 8499: 8494: 8489: 8484: 8479: 8474: 8469: 8464: 8459: 8454: 8452:George Peabody 8449: 8444: 8439: 8434: 8429: 8424: 8419: 8414: 8409: 8407:Maria Mitchell 8404: 8399: 8394: 8389: 8384: 8379: 8374: 8369: 8364: 8359: 8354: 8349: 8344: 8339: 8334: 8329: 8324: 8322:Andrew Jackson 8319: 8314: 8309: 8304: 8299: 8294: 8289: 8284: 8279: 8274: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8242:Stephen Foster 8239: 8237:David Farragut 8234: 8229: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8184: 8179: 8174: 8169: 8167:Luther Burbank 8164: 8159: 8154: 8152:Louis Brandeis 8149: 8144: 8139: 8134: 8129: 8124: 8119: 8114: 8109: 8104: 8099: 8094: 8088: 8085: 8084: 8076: 8075: 8068: 8061: 8053: 8044: 8043: 8041: 8040: 8032: 8024: 8016: 8008: 8003: 7998: 7992: 7986: 7980: 7970: 7967:Charles Taylor 7963: 7961: 7957: 7956: 7954: 7953: 7947: 7941: 7940: 7939: 7929: 7924: 7919: 7914: 7909: 7904: 7899: 7894: 7889: 7888: 7887: 7877: 7876: 7875: 7865: 7859: 7857: 7853: 7852: 7850: 7849: 7844: 7838: 7836: 7832: 7831: 7828: 7827: 7825: 7824: 7819: 7813: 7811: 7807: 7806: 7804: 7803: 7798: 7793: 7788: 7782: 7780: 7773: 7764: 7763: 7760: 7759: 7757: 7756: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7719: 7714: 7709: 7704: 7699: 7697:Wright Model A 7693: 7687: 7682:Wright Company 7678: 7677: 7674: 7673: 7671: 7670: 7665: 7660: 7651: 7649: 7645: 7644: 7642: 7641: 7635: 7633: 7626: 7617: 7616: 7609:Wright Company 7601: 7600: 7593: 7586: 7578: 7572: 7571: 7561: 7555: 7546: 7536: 7535:from Immediart 7527: 7518: 7513: 7504: 7499: 7491: 7488: 7487: 7486: 7474: 7469: 7464: 7459: 7451: 7448: 7447: 7446: 7436:Flying machine 7422: 7419: 7418: 7417: 7408: 7403: 7398: 7393: 7386: 7383: 7382: 7381: 7371: 7362: 7357: 7350:Wilbur Wright 7347: 7337: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7307: 7299: 7294: 7286: 7274: 7269: 7256: 7241: 7226: 7217: 7206: 7205:External links 7203: 7201: 7200: 7185: 7170: 7155: 7140: 7127:Tobin, James. 7125: 7110: 7095: 7080: 7074: 7062:Mackersey, Ian 7058: 7044: 7024: 7006: 6987: 6972: 6960:Howard, Fred, 6958: 6945:Howard, Fred, 6943: 6928: 6913: 6906: 6899: 6885: 6867: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6839: 6838: 6818: 6790: 6764: 6749: 6724: 6711: 6698:The New Yorker 6683: 6668: 6659: 6634: 6625: 6604: 6586: 6577: 6568: 6550: 6541: 6528:978-0761315469 6527: 6507: 6495: 6468: 6459: 6428: 6421: 6403: 6356: 6338: 6298: 6289: 6268:"Twin Pushers" 6259: 6234: 6212: 6196:"Plane Sewing" 6187: 6161: 6152: 6143: 6125: 6109: 6093: 6076: 6069: 6043: 6014: 5984: 5969: 5938: 5899: 5868: 5836: 5829: 5809: 5787: 5761: 5752: 5743: 5734: 5706: 5684: 5672: 5660: 5651: 5625: 5588: 5563: 5533: 5508: 5474: 5467: 5447: 5422: 5413: 5401: 5392: 5372: 5363: 5354: 5342: 5333: 5313: 5299: 5276: 5270:978-0112901808 5269: 5248: 5218: 5209: 5200: 5169: 5162: 5144: 5135: 5130:New York Times 5101: 5083: 5074: 5045: 5036: 5027: 4997: 4974: 4948: 4939: 4922: 4913: 4887: 4878: 4858: 4826: 4811: 4774: 4745: 4713: 4704: 4686:Joe McDaniel. 4678: 4652: 4626: 4617: 4594: 4568: 4535: 4514: 4488: 4481: 4428: 4419: 4410: 4401: 4392: 4383: 4361: 4324: 4315: 4302: 4275: 4261: 4241: 4229: 4203: 4194: 4185: 4178: 4155: 4130: 4105: 4096: 4070: 4044: 4027: 3997: 3971: 3964: 3903: 3894: 3869: 3862: 3831: 3822: 3761: 3731: 3705: 3675: 3645: 3614: 3584: 3567:. May 30, 1912 3544: 3517: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3508: 3507: 3494: 3477: 3464: 3454: 3441: 3429: 3420: 3402: 3388: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3379: 3374: 3369: 3364: 3359: 3354: 3344: 3336: 3328: 3320: 3315: 3310: 3301: 3296: 3291: 3282: 3280: 3277: 3250:Neil Armstrong 3206: 3203: 3192: 3185: 3184: 3180: 3173: 3172: 3171: 3170: 3169: 3160: 3159:Commemorations 3157: 3126:Neil Armstrong 3109:North Carolina 3076:North Carolina 3074: 3067: 3066: 3061:Neil Armstrong 3043: 3036: 3035: 3034: 3033: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3003:Richard Pearse 2965:Main article: 2962: 2959: 2840:Wright Model E 2836:Collier Trophy 2823: 2820: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2754: 2753: 2750: 2749: 2586: 2583: 2573: 2572:Army accidents 2570: 2475:Wright Company 2462: 2459: 2453: 2450: 2434:M.P.W. Boulton 2401: 2398: 2365:AEA White Wing 2334: 2333:Lawsuits begin 2331: 2281: 2278: 2272: 2271:Family flights 2269: 2209:President Taft 2167:Coupe Michelin 2041: 2040:Public showing 2038: 2025: 2022: 2018:Charlie Furnas 1990:Lazare Weiller 1934: 1931: 1904: 1901: 1820:Herald Tribune 1753:Flyer III 1744:, adjacent to 1628: 1625: 1608:Dayton Journal 1597:Science Museum 1558:beautifully." 1528: 1521: 1520: 1519: 1505: 1498: 1497: 1496: 1495: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1473:Samuel Langley 1463:The propeller 1421:Charlie Taylor 1354: 1351: 1243: 1240: 1184: 1183: 1182: 1181: 1178: 1177: 1172: 1149: 1145: 1138: 1134: 1129: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1060: 1053: 1052: 1051: 1042: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1032: 1031: 1029: 1026: 996: 993: 987: 986: 983: 980: 977: 974: 971: 968: 965: 959: 958: 955: 952: 949: 946: 943: 940: 937: 931: 930: 927: 924: 921: 918: 915: 912: 909: 903: 902: 899: 896: 893: 890: 887: 884: 881: 822:Main article: 819: 816: 808:Weather Bureau 776: 773: 771: 768: 715: 712: 683:Octave Chanute 679:Samuel Langley 660:penny-farthing 656:safety bicycle 634:Dayton Tattler 622:West Side News 582: 579: 470:ancestry, and 451: 450: 441: 440: 432: 431: 430: 429: 428: 426: 423: 408:Charles Taylor 388:powered flight 327:Orville Wright 317: 316: 313: 312: 305: 301: 300: 297: 293: 292: 289: 285: 284: 279: 278:Cause of death 275: 274: 271:(aged 45) 265: 261: 260: 254:April 16, 1867 245: 241: 240: 234: 233: 230: 229: 222: 218: 217: 214: 210: 209: 206: 202: 201: 196: 195:Cause of death 192: 191: 188:(aged 76) 182: 178: 177: 162: 158: 157: 155:Orville Wright 151: 150: 144: 140: 139: 137: 136: 131: 125: 123: 119: 118: 106: 105:Known for 102: 101: 99: 98: 95: 91: 89: 85: 84: 81: 77: 76: 73: 62: 61: 53: 52: 51: 50: 49: 46: 45: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10515: 10504: 10501: 10499: 10496: 10494: 10491: 10489: 10486: 10484: 10481: 10479: 10476: 10474: 10471: 10469: 10466: 10464: 10461: 10459: 10456: 10454: 10451: 10449: 10446: 10444: 10441: 10439: 10436: 10434: 10431: 10429: 10426: 10424: 10421: 10419: 10416: 10414: 10411: 10409: 10406: 10404: 10401: 10399: 10396: 10394: 10391: 10389: 10386: 10384: 10381: 10379: 10376: 10374: 10371: 10369: 10366: 10364: 10361: 10359: 10356: 10354: 10351: 10349: 10346: 10344: 10341: 10339: 10336: 10334: 10331: 10329: 10326: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10316: 10315: 10313: 10303: 10302:United States 10293: 10291: 10281: 10279: 10269: 10267: 10257: 10255: 10245: 10244: 10241: 10227: 10223: 10220: 10219:Mother Teresa 10216: 10213: 10209: 10206: 10202: 10199: 10195: 10192: 10188: 10185: 10181: 10178: 10174: 10171: 10167: 10164: 10160: 10157: 10153: 10150: 10146: 10143: 10139: 10136: 10132: 10128: 10125: 10121: 10118: 10114: 10111: 10107: 10104: 10100: 10097: 10093: 10090: 10086: 10085: 10083: 10079: 10072: 10068: 10065: 10061: 10058: 10054: 10053:Francis Crick 10050: 10047: 10043: 10040: 10036: 10033: 10029: 10026: 10022: 10019: 10018:Leakey family 10015: 10012: 10008: 10005: 10001: 9998: 9994: 9991: 9987: 9984: 9983:Sigmund Freud 9980: 9977: 9973: 9970: 9966: 9963: 9959: 9956: 9952: 9949: 9948:Rachel Carson 9945: 9942: 9938: 9935: 9934:Leo Baekeland 9931: 9930: 9928: 9924: 9917: 9913: 9910: 9906: 9903: 9899: 9896: 9895:David Sarnoff 9892: 9889: 9885: 9882: 9878: 9875: 9871: 9868: 9864: 9861: 9857: 9854: 9853:Lucky Luciano 9850: 9847: 9843: 9840: 9836: 9833: 9829: 9826: 9822: 9819: 9815: 9812: 9808: 9805: 9801: 9798: 9794: 9791: 9787: 9784: 9780: 9779: 9777: 9773: 9766: 9765:Oprah Winfrey 9762: 9759: 9755: 9752: 9748: 9745: 9744:Frank Sinatra 9741: 9738: 9734: 9731: 9727: 9724: 9723:Pablo Picasso 9720: 9717: 9713: 9710: 9706: 9703: 9702:Martha Graham 9699: 9696: 9692: 9689: 9685: 9682: 9678: 9675: 9671: 9668: 9664: 9661: 9657: 9654: 9653:Marlon Brando 9650: 9647: 9643: 9640: 9636: 9633: 9629: 9628: 9626: 9622: 9615: 9611: 9608: 9604: 9601: 9597: 9594: 9590: 9587: 9583: 9580: 9576: 9573: 9569: 9566: 9565:Ronald Reagan 9562: 9559: 9555: 9552: 9548: 9545: 9541: 9538: 9534: 9531: 9527: 9524: 9520: 9517: 9513: 9510: 9506: 9503: 9499: 9496: 9492: 9489: 9485: 9482: 9478: 9477: 9475: 9471: 9467: 9465: 9457: 9452: 9450: 9445: 9443: 9438: 9437: 9434: 9422: 9421:Asad M. Madni 9418: 9416: 9412: 9410: 9406: 9404: 9400: 9398: 9394: 9392: 9388: 9386: 9382: 9380: 9376: 9374: 9370: 9368: 9364: 9362: 9358: 9356: 9352: 9350: 9346: 9344: 9340: 9338: 9334: 9332: 9328: 9326: 9322: 9320: 9319:George Tamaro 9316: 9314: 9310: 9308: 9304: 9302: 9301:Daniel Goldin 9298: 9296: 9292: 9290: 9286: 9285: 9283: 9279: 9273: 9269: 9267: 9263: 9261: 9257: 9255: 9251: 9249: 9245: 9243: 9239: 9237: 9233: 9231: 9227: 9225: 9221: 9219: 9215: 9213: 9209: 9207: 9206:Ralph B. Peck 9203: 9201: 9197: 9195: 9191: 9189: 9185: 9183: 9179: 9177: 9173: 9171: 9170:David Packard 9167: 9165: 9164:Ian MacGregor 9161: 9159: 9155: 9153: 9149: 9147: 9143: 9141: 9137: 9135: 9131: 9129: 9125: 9124: 9122: 9118: 9112: 9108: 9106: 9102: 9100: 9096: 9094: 9090: 9088: 9084: 9082: 9078: 9076: 9072: 9070: 9066: 9064: 9060: 9058: 9054: 9052: 9048: 9046: 9042: 9040: 9036: 9034: 9030: 9028: 9024: 9022: 9018: 9016: 9015:John R. Suman 9012: 9010: 9006: 9004: 9000: 8998: 8994: 8992: 8988: 8986: 8982: 8980: 8976: 8974: 8973:Vannevar Bush 8970: 8968: 8964: 8963: 8961: 8957: 8951: 8947: 8945: 8941: 8939: 8935: 8933: 8929: 8927: 8923: 8921: 8917: 8915: 8911: 8909: 8905: 8903: 8899: 8896: 8892: 8890: 8886: 8884: 8880: 8878: 8874: 8872: 8868: 8865: 8861: 8858: 8854: 8852: 8848: 8846: 8842: 8840: 8836: 8834: 8830: 8828: 8824: 8822: 8818: 8816: 8812: 8810: 8806: 8804: 8800: 8799: 8797: 8793: 8787: 8783: 8781: 8777: 8775: 8771: 8769: 8765: 8763: 8759: 8757: 8753: 8751: 8747: 8745: 8741: 8739: 8738:Elihu Thomson 8735: 8733: 8732:James Douglas 8729: 8727: 8723: 8721: 8717: 8715: 8711: 8709: 8705: 8703: 8699: 8697: 8693: 8691: 8687: 8685: 8681: 8679: 8675: 8673: 8669: 8667: 8663: 8661: 8657: 8655: 8651: 8650: 8648: 8644: 8640: 8633: 8628: 8626: 8621: 8619: 8614: 8613: 8610: 8598: 8597:Wilbur Wright 8595: 8593: 8590: 8588: 8585: 8583: 8580: 8578: 8575: 8573: 8570: 8568: 8565: 8563: 8560: 8558: 8555: 8553: 8550: 8548: 8545: 8543: 8540: 8538: 8535: 8533: 8530: 8528: 8525: 8523: 8520: 8518: 8515: 8513: 8510: 8508: 8505: 8503: 8500: 8498: 8495: 8493: 8490: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8473: 8470: 8468: 8465: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8455: 8453: 8450: 8448: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8438: 8435: 8433: 8432:Simon Newcomb 8430: 8428: 8425: 8423: 8420: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8403: 8400: 8398: 8395: 8393: 8392:John Marshall 8390: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8382:James Madison 8380: 8378: 8375: 8373: 8370: 8368: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8355: 8353: 8352:Robert E. Lee 8350: 8348: 8347:Sidney Lanier 8345: 8343: 8340: 8338: 8335: 8333: 8330: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8303: 8300: 8298: 8295: 8293: 8292:Patrick Henry 8290: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8252:Robert Fulton 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8180: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8155: 8153: 8150: 8148: 8145: 8143: 8140: 8138: 8135: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8125: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8107:Louis Agassiz 8105: 8103: 8100: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8089: 8086: 8081: 8074: 8069: 8067: 8062: 8060: 8055: 8054: 8051: 8038: 8037: 8033: 8030: 8029: 8025: 8022: 8021: 8017: 8014: 8013: 8009: 8007: 8006:Wright-Martin 8004: 8002: 8001:Hawthorn Hill 7999: 7996: 7993: 7990: 7987: 7984: 7983:Milton Wright 7981: 7978: 7974: 7971: 7968: 7965: 7964: 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5159: 5155: 5148: 5139: 5132: 5131: 5124: 5123: 5118: 5112: 5110: 5108: 5106: 5097: 5093: 5087: 5078: 5063: 5059: 5057: 5049: 5040: 5031: 5015: 5011: 5007: 5001: 4993: 4989: 4985: 4978: 4962: 4958: 4957:"Exhibitions" 4952: 4943: 4936: 4932: 4926: 4917: 4902: 4898: 4891: 4882: 4875: 4871: 4867: 4862: 4854: 4841: 4840:cite magazine 4830: 4822: 4815: 4807: 4801: 4785: 4778: 4762: 4758: 4752: 4750: 4741: 4734: 4732: 4730: 4728: 4726: 4724: 4722: 4720: 4718: 4708: 4693: 4689: 4682: 4666: 4662: 4656: 4641: 4637: 4630: 4621: 4605: 4598: 4582: 4578: 4572: 4556: 4555: 4550: 4544: 4542: 4540: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4518: 4511: 4498: 4492: 4484: 4478: 4474: 4467: 4465: 4463: 4461: 4459: 4457: 4455: 4453: 4451: 4449: 4447: 4445: 4443: 4441: 4439: 4437: 4435: 4433: 4423: 4414: 4405: 4396: 4387: 4380: 4377: 4373: 4370: 4365: 4349: 4345: 4341: 4337: 4331: 4329: 4319: 4312: 4306: 4295:September 21, 4290: 4286: 4279: 4264: 4262:9781476728766 4258: 4254: 4253: 4245: 4238: 4233: 4217: 4213: 4207: 4198: 4189: 4181: 4179:9781900747448 4175: 4171: 4170: 4162: 4160: 4144: 4143:famouskin.com 4140: 4134: 4119: 4118:famouskin.com 4115: 4109: 4100: 4084: 4080: 4074: 4058: 4054: 4048: 4041: 4037: 4031: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4001: 3986: 3982: 3975: 3967: 3965:0-393-30695-X 3961: 3957: 3950: 3948: 3946: 3944: 3942: 3940: 3938: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3928: 3926: 3924: 3922: 3920: 3918: 3916: 3914: 3912: 3910: 3908: 3898: 3882: 3876: 3874: 3865: 3863:1-56098-748-0 3859: 3855: 3851: 3844: 3842: 3840: 3838: 3836: 3826: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3772: 3765: 3749: 3745: 3741: 3735: 3719: 3715: 3709: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3679: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3649: 3633: 3629: 3625: 3618: 3607:September 21, 3602: 3598: 3594: 3588: 3581: 3579: 3566: 3565: 3557: 3551: 3549: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3532: 3525: 3523: 3518: 3504: 3498: 3491: 3487: 3481: 3474: 3468: 3458: 3451: 3445: 3438: 3433: 3424: 3417: 3413: 3412: 3406: 3399: 3393: 3389: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3363: 3360: 3358: 3355: 3352: 3348: 3345: 3342: 3341: 3337: 3334: 3333: 3329: 3326: 3325: 3321: 3319: 3316: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3307: 3302: 3300: 3297: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3288: 3284: 3283: 3276: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3261: 3258:Lunar Module 3255: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3242: 3237: 3236: 3231: 3230: 3225: 3218: 3217: 3211: 3196: 3189: 3177: 3168: 3166: 3156: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3133: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3086: 3081: 3077: 3071: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3040: 3029:State rivalry 3026: 3023: 3018: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2988: 2983: 2978: 2974: 2968: 2958: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2942: 2937: 2934: 2932: 2931: 2923: 2918: 2914: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2894:Howard Hughes 2892:, piloted by 2891: 2886: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2863: 2859: 2857: 2851: 2847: 2845: 2844:Wright-Martin 2841: 2837: 2828: 2819: 2815: 2813: 2809: 2808:Oakwood, Ohio 2805: 2804:Hawthorn Hill 2800: 2795: 2790: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2778: 2768: 2748: 2736: 2735: 2732: 2731: 2730: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2713: 2710: 2704: 2701: 2697: 2695: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2675: 2667: 2663: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2643: 2639: 2632: 2628: 2627: 2624:Lunar Module 2622: 2618: 2617: 2611: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2591: 2582: 2580: 2569: 2567: 2563: 2562:Eddie Stinson 2559: 2558:the sponsor's 2555: 2551: 2547: 2543: 2538: 2534: 2531: 2530:Phil Parmelee 2522: 2517: 2513: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2490: 2488: 2483: 2481: 2480:flying school 2476: 2467: 2458: 2449: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2431: 2426: 2424: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2407: 2397: 2394: 2389: 2388:typhoid fever 2384: 2381: 2375: 2373: 2372:Louis Paulhan 2367: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2353: 2349: 2347: 2343: 2339: 2338:Glenn Curtiss 2330: 2326: 2324: 2323: 2318: 2312: 2309: 2304: 2301: 2292: 2287: 2277: 2268: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2237:New York City 2234: 2230: 2225: 2223: 2219: 2213: 2210: 2205: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2174: 2170: 2168: 2162: 2160: 2154: 2151: 2147: 2138: 2134: 2132: 2131:George Squier 2128: 2127:Frank P. Lahm 2124: 2120: 2115: 2112: 2108: 2107:Charles Rolls 2104: 2098: 2095: 2094: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2075: 2074:Louis Blériot 2071: 2067: 2062: 2055: 2051: 2046: 2037: 2035: 2031: 2021: 2019: 2009: 2005: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1991: 1986: 1982: 1977: 1975: 1971: 1970:Frank P. Lahm 1967: 1960: 1955: 1952: 1948: 1939: 1930: 1927: 1924: 1923: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1900: 1898: 1897:Glenn Curtiss 1894: 1890: 1886: 1881: 1877: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1858: 1856: 1847: 1842: 1838: 1836: 1835: 1830: 1824: 1822: 1821: 1816: 1815: 1810: 1806: 1801: 1780: 1779: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1763: 1758: 1754: 1749: 1747: 1743: 1733: 1729: 1707: 1703: 1701: 1700:Henry Toulmin 1697: 1696:Santos-Dumont 1693: 1689: 1685: 1679: 1675: 1668: 1664: 1642: 1638: 1633: 1624: 1621: 1616: 1612: 1609: 1604: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1565: 1559: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1525: 1514: 1510: 1509:Santos-Dumont 1502: 1488: 1484: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1461: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1448:, and had no 1447: 1443: 1435: 1434: 1428: 1424: 1422: 1416: 1414: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1400: 1392: 1380: 1376: 1373: 1368: 1364: 1361:replaces the 1360: 1350: 1347: 1342: 1334: 1330: 1328: 1322: 1315: 1310: 1306: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1291: 1285: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1258: 1254: 1248: 1239: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1216: 1212: 1210: 1204: 1197: 1192: 1188: 1176: 1147: 1143: 1136: 1132: 1127: 1123: 1120: 1117: 1110: 1109: 1103: 1102: 1101: 1100: 1099: 1097: 1092: 1090: 1085: 1084: 1077: 1075: 1071: 1057: 1046: 1039: 1025: 1021: 1019: 1009: 1001: 992: 984: 981: 978: 975: 972: 969: 966: 964: 961: 960: 956: 953: 950: 947: 944: 941: 938: 936: 933: 932: 928: 925: 922: 919: 916: 913: 910: 908: 905: 904: 900: 897: 894: 891: 888: 885: 882: 880: 879: 873: 869: 866: 862: 858: 853: 851: 847: 843: 835: 830: 825: 824:Wright Glider 815: 811: 809: 805: 800: 798: 794: 786: 781: 775:Toward flight 767: 765: 761: 755: 753: 747: 745: 741: 737: 732: 729: 728:Percy Pilcher 720: 711: 708: 702: 700: 696: 692: 687: 684: 680: 676: 671: 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 652:bicycle craze 646: 641: 637: 635: 631: 627: 623: 617: 615: 609: 607: 603: 587: 578: 576: 572: 568: 564: 559: 557: 553: 552:Orville Dewey 549: 544: 542: 538: 534: 529: 527: 523: 519: 518:Howard Hughes 516: 512: 508: 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 465: 461: 460:Milton Wright 445: 436: 422: 420: 416: 411: 409: 405: 401: 396: 394: 389: 385: 381: 376: 374: 373: 368: 364: 363: 358: 354: 350: 349: 344: 340: 336: 332: 331:Wilbur Wright 328: 324: 314: 310: 306: 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 283: 282:Typhoid fever 280: 276: 266: 262: 258: 246: 242: 239: 238:Wilbur Wright 235: 231: 227: 223: 219: 215: 211: 207: 203: 200: 197: 193: 183: 179: 175: 163: 159: 156: 152: 148: 145: 141: 135: 132: 130: 129:Milton Wright 127: 126: 124: 120: 117: 113: 112: 107: 103: 96: 93: 92: 90: 86: 82: 78: 66: 57: 47: 40: 37: 33: 19: 10423:Brother duos 10142:Helen Keller 10117:Billy Graham 10089:Muhammad Ali 10070: 10057:James Watson 10004:Edwin Hubble 9969:Enrico Fermi 9888:Pete Rozelle 9839:Estée Lauder 9737:Bart Simpson 9674:Le Corbusier 9639:Lucille Ball 9509:Adolf Hitler 9463: 9419:2023 : 9414: 9413:2022 : 9407:2021 : 9402: 9401:2020 : 9396: 9395:2019 : 9389:2018 : 9385:Frank Kreith 9383:2017 : 9377:2015 : 9371:2014 : 9365:2013 : 9359:2012 : 9353:2011 : 9347:2010 : 9341:2009 : 9335:2008 : 9329:2007 : 9324: 9323:2006 : 9317:2005 : 9311:2004 : 9305:2003 : 9299:2002 : 9293:2001 : 9287:2000 : 9270:1999 : 9264:1998 : 9258:1997 : 9252:1996 : 9246:1995 : 9240:1994 : 9236:Gordon Moore 9234:1993 : 9230:Serge Gratch 9228:1992 : 9224:Hunter Rouse 9222:1991 : 9216:1990 : 9210:1989 : 9204:1988 : 9200:Ralph Landau 9198:1987 : 9192:1986 : 9186:1985 : 9180:1984 : 9174:1983 : 9168:1982 : 9162:1981 : 9156:1980 : 9150:1979 : 9144:1978 : 9138:1977 : 9132:1976 : 9126:1975 : 9111:H. I. Romnes 9109:1974 : 9105:Lyman Wilber 9103:1973 : 9097:1972 : 9091:1971 : 9085:1970 : 9079:1969 : 9073:1968 : 9067:1967 : 9061:1966 : 9055:1965 : 9049:1964 : 9043:1963 : 9037:1962 : 9031:1961 : 9025:1960 : 9019:1959 : 9013:1958 : 9007:1957 : 9003:Philip Sporn 9001:1956 : 8995:1955 : 8989:1954 : 8983:1953 : 8977:1952 : 8971:1951 : 8965:1950 : 8948:1949 : 8942:1948 : 8936:1947 : 8932:Zay Jeffries 8930:1946 : 8924:1945 : 8918:1944 : 8912:1943 : 8906:1942 : 8900:1941 : 8897:(posthumous) 8893:1940 : 8887:1939 : 8881:1938 : 8875:1937 : 8869:1936 : 8866:(posthumous) 8862:1935 : 8859:(posthumous) 8855:1934 : 8849:1933 : 8843:1932 : 8837:1931 : 8831:1930 : 8825:1929 : 8819:1928 : 8813:1927 : 8807:1926 : 8801:1925 : 8784:1924 : 8778:1923 : 8772:1922 : 8761: 8760:1920 : 8748:1918 : 8742:1917 : 8736:1916 : 8730:1915 : 8724:1914 : 8719: 8718:1913 : 8712:1912 : 8702:Alfred Noble 8700:1910 : 8694:1909 : 8688:1908 : 8682:1907 : 8676:1906 : 8670:1905 : 8665: 8664:1904 : 8659: 8658:1903 : 8652:1902 : 8596: 8591: 8572:Emma Willard 8557:Walt Whitman 8527:Lillian Wald 8497:Joseph Story 8457:William Penn 8437:Thomas Paine 8412:James Monroe 8307:Mark Hopkins 8287:Joseph Henry 8207:Peter Cooper 8187:Rufus Choate 8142:Daniel Boone 8127:Clara Barton 8034: 8026: 8018: 8010: 7841: 7724: 7657:Wright Flyer 7656: 7620: 7604: 7530: 7435: 7412: 7385:Biographical 7332: 7311: 7302: 7289: 7188: 7173: 7158: 7143: 7128: 7113: 7098: 7083: 7065: 7033: 7012: 6990: 6975: 6961: 6946: 6931: 6916: 6909: 6902: 6888: 6873: 6870:Ash, Russell 6851: 6830: 6821: 6809:. Retrieved 6803: 6793: 6781:. Retrieved 6777: 6767: 6752: 6742:February 12, 6740:. Retrieved 6736: 6727: 6714: 6704:December 17, 6702:. Retrieved 6696: 6686: 6678: 6671: 6662: 6652:December 17, 6650:. Retrieved 6647:www.asme.org 6646: 6637: 6628: 6595: 6589: 6580: 6571: 6562: 6553: 6544: 6532:. Retrieved 6517: 6510: 6490: 6481: 6471: 6462: 6450:. Retrieved 6444: 6431: 6412: 6406: 6392:. Retrieved 6388:the original 6373:. Retrieved 6369:the original 6359: 6350: 6341: 6329:. Retrieved 6316: 6292: 6276:. Retrieved 6272:the original 6262: 6252:February 12, 6250:. Retrieved 6246: 6237: 6203:. Retrieved 6199: 6190: 6178:. Retrieved 6174: 6164: 6155: 6146: 6133: 6128: 6116: 6112: 6096: 6086: 6079: 6059: 6033:. Retrieved 6026: 6017: 6005:. Retrieved 6000: 5987: 5977: 5972: 5964: 5957:. Retrieved 5950: 5941: 5927: 5920:. Retrieved 5916:the original 5911: 5902: 5890:. Retrieved 5886:the original 5881: 5871: 5858:. Retrieved 5854:the original 5849: 5839: 5819: 5812: 5803: 5780:February 12, 5778:. 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Retrieved 3562: 3536:Dayton, Ohio 3529: 3497: 3480: 3467: 3457: 3444: 3437:Hart O. Berg 3432: 3423: 3416:James M. Cox 3409: 3405: 3392: 3377:Wright Field 3338: 3331: 3322: 3305: 3285: 3268: 3259: 3254:Wright Flyer 3253: 3245: 3241:Wright Flyer 3239: 3235:Perseverance 3234: 3227: 3222: 3215: 3197:, 1949 issue 3162: 3145:Dayton, Ohio 3134: 3102: 3085:Wright Flyer 3083: 3019: 2995:Clément Ader 2992: 2985:Back of the 2944: 2939: 2935: 2928: 2926: 2910:Wright Field 2904:, flew from 2887: 2864: 2860: 2852: 2848: 2833: 2816: 2801: 2797: 2792: 2781: 2775: 2773: 2738: 2725: 2717: 2715: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2693: 2679: 2671: 2662:Wright Flyer 2661: 2651: 2647: 2638:S.P. Langley 2636: 2625: 2616:Wright Flyer 2614: 2579:tractor-type 2575: 2539: 2535: 2526: 2521:Belmont Park 2491: 2487:Wright Flyer 2486: 2484: 2472: 2455: 2437: 2427: 2403: 2385: 2376: 2368: 2354: 2350: 2346:AEA June Bug 2336: 2327: 2320: 2316: 2313: 2307: 2305: 2297: 2274: 2249:Grant's Tomb 2245:Hudson River 2226: 2214: 2206: 2193: 2179: 2163: 2158: 2155: 2149: 2143: 2116: 2099: 2091: 2089: 2084:Hart O. Berg 2065: 2063: 2059: 2030:a new glider 2027: 2014: 1998:Hart O. Berg 1984: 1978: 1966:Model A 1962: 1957: 1944: 1928: 1920: 1911:(bluffers). 1908: 1906: 1889:Henri Farman 1882: 1878: 1859: 1854: 1851: 1845: 1832: 1825: 1818: 1812: 1802: 1798: 1776: 1767: 1761: 1756: 1752: 1750: 1738: 1726: 1680: 1676: 1660: 1620:Wright Flyer 1619: 1617: 1613: 1607: 1605: 1593:Wright Flyer 1592: 1588: 1582: 1569: 1560: 1546: 1536: 1485: 1481:Wright Flyer 1480: 1468: 1465:drive chains 1462: 1442:engine block 1439: 1433:Wright Flyer 1431: 1417: 1399:Wright Flyer 1397: 1395: 1370:formula for 1356: 1353:Adding power 1343: 1339: 1323: 1319: 1295: 1289: 1286: 1274:aspect ratio 1262: 1235: 1231: 1217: 1213: 1208: 1205: 1201: 1185: 1162: 1093: 1081: 1078: 1073: 1069: 1067: 1022: 1010: 1006: 990: 962: 934: 906: 895:Aspect ratio 870: 854: 838: 812: 801: 793:wing warping 790: 756: 752:wing-warping 748: 733: 725: 703: 688: 672: 670:in Germany. 649: 633: 625: 621: 618: 610: 599: 560: 548:Willbur Fisk 545: 530: 526:Dayton, Ohio 457: 412: 404:glider tests 400:Dayton, Ohio 397: 377: 370: 360: 348:Wright Flyer 346: 330: 326: 322: 320: 269:(1912-05-30) 267:May 30, 1912 237: 199:Heart attack 186:(1948-01-30) 174:Dayton, Ohio 154: 111:Wright Flyer 109: 94:Will and Orv 36: 10170:Harvey Milk 10124:Che Guevara 10046:Alan Turing 10025:Jean Piaget 9902:Juan Trippe 9874:Akio Morita 9804:Walt Disney 9790:Leo Burnett 9716:James Joyce 9688:T. 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Eliot 9660:Coco Chanel 9646:The Beatles 9614:Lech Wałęsa 9516:Ho Chi Minh 9009:Ben Moreell 8672:Lord Kelvin 8562:Eli Whitney 8467:Walter Reed 8387:Horace Mann 8147:Edwin Booth 8102:Jane Addams 8039:(2015 book) 8031:(1978 film) 8023:(1971 film) 8015:(1909 film) 7950:Wright Mons 7772:(1919–1929) 7686:(1908–1916) 7625:(1899–1908) 6487:Rick Steves 6394:December 4, 6310:Abbot, C.G. 5931:patent pool 5892:January 28, 5860:November 7, 5702:Smithsonian 5668:L'Aerophile 5241:January 29, 5067:January 31, 4967:November 7, 4670:January 12, 4268:February 6, 3854:Smithsonian 3815:January 23, 3788:: 697–718. 3351:MyNetworkTV 3343:(2015 book) 3335:(1971 film) 3327:(1978 film) 3290:(1978 book) 3246:Ingenuity's 3011:Traian Vuia 2757:Later years 2689:Smithsonian 2510:Arch Hoxsey 2461:In business 2322:adverse yaw 2308:controlling 2231:during the 2111:Léon Bollée 2093:L'Aérophile 1537:In camp at 1387: 1910 1314:1902 glider 1266:scale-model 1196:wind tunnel 1089:adverse yaw 1045:1901 glider 861:Pratt truss 707:James Tobin 594: 1900 528:, in 1871. 511:billionaire 393:wind tunnel 80:Nationality 10312:Categories 10191:Rosa Parks 10110:Anne Frank 10032:Jonas Salk 9997:Kurt Gödel 9909:Sam Walton 9818:Bill Gates 9811:Henry Ford 9709:Jim Henson 9558:Mao Zedong 9194:Simon Ramo 8902:Ralph Budd 8654:John Fritz 8522:Mark Twain 8342:James Kent 8312:Elias Howe 8192:Henry Clay 8092:John Adams 7969:(mechanic) 7786:Wright F2W 7075:0751533688 6534:January 3, 6452:January 2, 6007:January 1, 5727:August 20, 4482:0940053020 3638:August 16, 3513:References 3414:publisher 3353:affiliate) 3273:72 flights 3122:John Glenn 3117:Kitty Hawk 3090:Kitty Hawk 3007:Karl Jatho 2947:supersonic 2900:president 2685:F.C. 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