28:
274:
20:
358:. (2016) reported a xylan synthase complex (XSC) from wheat that has a central core formed of two members of the GT43 and GT47 families (CAZy database). They purified xylan synthase activity from wheat seedlings through proteomics analysis and showed that two members of TaGT43 and TaGT47 are sufficient for the synthesis of a xylan-like polymer
396:
As a major component of plants, xylan is potentially a significant source of renewable energy especially for second generation biofuels. However, xylose (backbone of xylan) is a pentose sugar that is hard to ferment during biofuel conversion because microorganisms like yeast cannot ferment pentose
249:
The quality of cereal flours and the hardness of dough are affected by their xylan content, thus, playing a significant role in bread industry. The main constituent of xylan can be converted into xylitol (a xylose derivative), which is used as a natural food sweetener, which helps to reduce dental
685:
De
Oliveira, Dyoni Matias; Finger-Teixeira, Aline; Rodrigues Mota, Thatiane; Salvador, Victor Hugo; Moreira-Vilar, Flávia Carolina; Correa Molinari, Hugo Bruno; Craig Mitchell, Rowan Andrew; Marchiosi, Rogério; Ferrarese-Filho, Osvaldo; Dantas Dos Santos, Wanderley (2015).
1512:
Carvalho, Ana Flávia
Azevedo; Neto, Pedro de Oliva; Da Silva, Douglas Fernandes; Pastore, Gláucia Maria (2013). "Xylo-oligosaccharides from lignocellulosic materials: Chemical structure, health benefits and production by chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis".
1484:
Chiaramonti, David; Prussi, Matteo; Ferrero, Simone; Oriani, Luis; Ottonello, Piero; Torre, Paolo; Cherchi, Francesco (2012). "Review of pretreatment processes for lignocellulosic ethanol production, and development of an innovative method".
31:
Plant cell wall is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and glycoproteins. Hemicelluloses (a heterogeneous group of polysaccharides) cross-link glycans interlocking the cellulose fibers and form a mesh like structure to deposit other
869:
Broekaert, W.F.; Courtin, C.M.; Verbeke, C.; Van de Wiele, T.; Verstraete, W.; Delcour, J.A (2011). "Prebiotic and Other Health-Related
Effects of Cereal-Derived Arabinoxylans, Arabinoxylan-Oligosaccharides, and Xylooligosaccharides".
198:. The main xylan component in hardwoods is O-acetyl-4-O-methylglucuronoxylan, whereas arabino-4-O-methylglucuronoxylans are a major component in softwoods. In general, softwood xylans differ from hardwood xylans by the lack of
978:
Smith, Peter J.; Curry, Thomas M.; Yang, Jeong-Yeh; Barnes, William J.; Ziegler, Samantha J.; Mittal, Ashutosh; Moremen, Kelley W.; York, William S.; Bomble, Yannick J.; Peña, Maria J.; Urbanowicz, Breeanna R. (2022-07-13).
346:
are thought to be related to the reducing end oligosaccharide biosynthesis. Thus, many genes have been associated with xylan biosynthesis but their biochemical mechanism is still unknown. Zeng
300:
In eukaryotes, GTs represent about 1% to 2% of gene products. GTs are assembled into complexes existing in the Golgi apparatus. However, no xylan synthase complexes have been isolated from
281:
The regular branching patterns of xylans may facilitate their co-crystallization with cellulose in the plant cell wall. Xylan also tends to crystallize from aqueous solution. Additional
634:
Balakshin, Mikhail; Capanema, Ewellyn; Gracz, Hanna; Chang, Hou-min; Jameel, Hasan (2011-02-05). "Quantification of lignin–carbohydrate linkages with high-resolution NMR spectroscopy".
190:; thus, they help plants to defend against herbivores and pathogens (biotic stress). Xylan also plays a significant role in plant growth and development. Typically, xylans content in
1540:
Johnson, Kim L.; Gidley, Michael J.; Bacic, Antony; Doblin, Monika S. (2018). "Cell wall biomechanics: a tractable challenge in manipulating plant cell walls 'fit for purpose'!".
1223:"Analysis of the Arabidopsis IRX9/IRX9-L and IRX14/IRX14-L Pairs of Glycosyltransferase Genes Reveals Critical Contributions to Biosynthesis of the Hemicellulose Glucuronoxylan"
913:
Simmons, Thomas J.; Mortimer, Jenny C.; Bernardinelli, Oigres D.; Pöppler, Ann-Christin; Brown, Steven P.; deAzevedo, Eduardo R.; Dupree, Ray; Dupree, Paul (December 2016).
310:
because of some mutation affecting xylan biosynthesis genes. As a result, abnormal plant growth due to thinning and weakening of secondary xylem cell walls was seen.
687:
161:) residues with side branches of α-arabinofuranose and/or α-glucuronic acids. On the basis of substituted groups xylan can be categorized into three classes i)
1278:
Peña, Maria J.; Zhong, Ruiqin; Zhou, Gong-Ke; Richardson, Elizabeth A.; O'Neill, Malcolm A.; Darvill, Alan G.; York, William S.; Ye, Zheng-Hua (2007-02-01).
169:(AX) and iii) glucuronoarabinoxylan (GAX). In some cases contribute to cross-linking of cellulose microfibrils and lignin through ferulic acid residues.
1337:"UDP-Xylose-Stimulated Glucuronyltransferase Activity in Wheat Microsomal Membranes: Characterization and Role in Glucurono(arabino)xylan Biosynthesis"
1091:
Pauly, Markus; Gille, Sascha; Liu, Lifeng; Mansoori, Nasim; De Souza, Amancio; Schultink, Alex; Xiong, Guangyan (2013). "Hemicellulose biosynthesis".
1036:
Meng, Zhuojun; Sawada, Daisuke; Laine, Christiane; Ogawa, Yu; Virtanen, Tommi; Nishiyama, Yoshiharu; Tammelin, Tekla; Kontturi, Eero (2021-02-08).
1175:
Lairson, L.L.; Henrissat, B.; Davies, G.J.; Withers, S.G. (2008-06-02). "Glycosyltransferases: Structures, Functions, and
Mechanisms".
850:
Alonso JL, Dominguez H, Garrote G, Parajo JC, Vazques MJ (2003). "Xylooligosaccharides: properties and production technologies".
525:"Tensional stress generation in gelatinous fibres: a review and possible mechanism based on cell-wall structure and composition"
1221:
Wu, Ai-Min; Hörnblad, Emma; Voxeur, Aline; Gerber, Lorenz; Rihouey, Christophe; Lerouge, Patrice; Marchant, Alan (2010-06-01).
777:
810:
753:
1449:
Juturu, Veeresh; Wu, Jin Chuan (2012). "Microbial xylanases: Engineering, production and industrial applications".
1280:"Arabidopsis irregular xylem8 and irregular xylem9: Implications for the Complexity of Glucuronoxylan Biosynthesis"
282:
277:
Optical microscope image of barley straw xylan single crystals mounted in
Nephrax (reproduced from Yundt 1949).
738:"Plant Cell Wall Structure-Pretreatment" the Critical Relationship in Biomass Conversion to Fermentable Sugars
436:"Update on Mechanisms of Plant Cell Wall Biosynthesis: How Plants Make Cellulose and Other (1→4)-β-d-Glycans"
304:
tissues (dicot). The first gene involved in the biosynthesis of xylan was revealed on xylem mutants (irx) in
250:
cavities and acts as a sugar substitute for diabetic patients. Poultry feed has a high percentage of xylan.
1392:
Jiang, Nan; Wiemels, Richard E.; Soya, Aaron; Whitley, Rebekah; Held, Michael; Faik, Ahmed (2016-04-01).
384:. Being less crystalline and more highly branched, these hemicelluloses are particularly susceptible to
826:
1632:
261:
produced from xylan are considered as "functional food" or dietary fibers due their potential
1637:
1188:
491:
262:
926:
306:
793:
Ebringerová, Anna; Hromádková, Zdenka; Heinze, Thomas (2005-01-01). Heinze, Thomas (ed.).
8:
1136:"Secondary Cell Walls: Biosynthesis, Patterned Deposition and Transcriptional Regulation"
915:"Folding of xylan onto cellulose fibrils in plant cell walls revealed by solid-state NMR"
294:
258:
930:
772:. Vol. 1. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. pp. 28–30.
285:
of (1→4)-β-D-xylan have been obtained by crystallization from non-aqueous environments.
237:
matrix. Similarly, it replaces the inner fibrillar cell-wall layer of cellulose in some
1426:
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1369:
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380:. The degradation of xylan and other hemicelluloses is relevant to the production of
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1600:
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996:
992:
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702:
688:"Ferulic acid: A Key Component in Grass Lignocellulose Recalcitrance to Hydrolysis"
643:
606:
590:
536:
463:
447:
418:
187:
71:
42:
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1553:
745:
684:
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413:
Horst H. Nimz, Uwe
Schmitt, Eckart Schwab, Otto Wittmann, Franz Wolf "Wood" in
377:
162:
147:
103:
1104:
883:
647:
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1604:
1583:
Rennie, Emilie A.; Scheller, Henrik Vibe (2014-04-01). "Xylan biosynthesis".
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27:
740:, SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science, Springer Netherlands, pp. 1–30,
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254:
166:
1394:"Composition, Assembly, and Trafficking of a Wheat Xylan Synthase Complex"
1352:
1238:
797:. Advances in Polymer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 1–67.
594:
451:
376:. Given that plants contain up to 30% xylan, xylanase is important to the
1152:
1135:
541:
524:
218:
119:
1409:
938:
981:"Enzymatic Synthesis of Xylan Microparticles with Tunable Morphologies"
385:
350:. (2010) immuno-purified xylan synthase activity from etiolated wheat (
215:
127:
95:
706:
238:
234:
203:
183:
131:
115:
1038:"Bottom-up Construction of Xylan Nanocrystals in Dimethyl Sulfoxide"
827:"Xylan Glycoproducts for life sciences - Engineering and production"
802:
912:
868:
369:
229:
221:
contain xylan (specifically homoxylan) especially those within the
195:
191:
381:
155:
123:
19:
206:
units linked by α-(1,3)-glycosidic bonds to the xylan backbone.
373:
223:
199:
151:
135:
107:
1483:
86:
1174:
273:
158:
111:
849:
507:
182:
Xylans play an important role in the integrity of the plant
1511:
792:
633:
80:
51:
330:(At5g61840) showed defect in xylan backbone biosynthesis.
57:
1539:
1335:
Zeng, Wei; Chatterjee, Mohor; Faik, Ahmed (2008-05-01).
509:
The
American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
1391:
1277:
1220:
1090:
505:
77:
60:
48:
1035:
977:
522:
83:
54:
523:Mellerowicz, E. J.; Gorshkova, T. A. (2011-11-16).
74:
45:
1334:
1624:
257:factors in common use feedstuff raw materials.
1582:
872:Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
415:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
297:are involved in the biosynthesis of xylans.
233:genera where it replaces cellulose in the
1425:
1368:
1311:
1254:
1151:
1012:
954:
610:
579:"Xylan Biosynthesis: News from the Grass"
540:
467:
1448:
1189:10.1146/annurev.biochem.76.061005.092322
272:
186:and increase cell wall recalcitrance to
26:
18:
1133:
433:
177:
1625:
852:Electron. J. Environ. Agric. Food Chem
407:
194:is 10-35%, whereas they are 10-15% in
1216:
1214:
1134:Zhong, Ruiqin; Ye, Zheng-Hua (2015).
767:
735:
576:
572:
570:
568:
434:Carpita, Nicholas C. (2011-01-01).
126:. Xylan is the third most abundant
13:
1211:
499:
14:
1649:
565:
1585:Current Opinion in Biotechnology
1542:Current Opinion in Biotechnology
1463:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.11.006
268:
70:
41:
16:A plant cell wall polysaccharide
1576:
1533:
1505:
1477:
1442:
1385:
1328:
1271:
1168:
1127:
1084:
1029:
971:
906:
862:
843:
819:
786:
761:
288:
244:
23:Structure of xylan in hardwood.
1499:10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.04.020
997:10.1021/acsmaterialsau.2c00006
729:
678:
627:
529:Journal of Experimental Botany
516:
484:
427:
141:
1:
1527:10.1016/j.foodres.2012.11.021
1177:Annual Review of Biochemistry
400:
253:Xylan is one of the foremost
172:
1597:10.1016/j.copbio.2013.11.013
1554:10.1016/j.copbio.2017.08.013
768:Sixta, Herbert, ed. (2006).
512:, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
364:
7:
1515:Food Research International
746:10.1007/978-94-007-6052-3_1
695:Plant Biotechnology Journal
506:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt,
417:2005, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
391:
202:groups and the presence of
10:
1654:
1054:10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01600
831:www.elicityl-oligotech.com
577:Faik, Ahmed (2010-06-01).
493:Collins English Dictionary
110:residues. It is found in
98:: 9014-63-5) is a type of
1140:Plant and Cell Physiology
1105:10.1007/s00425-013-1921-1
884:10.1080/10408390903044768
648:10.1007/s00425-011-1359-2
423:10.1002/14356007.a28_305
209:
150:made up of β-1,4-linked
1451:Biotechnology Advances
1296:10.1105/tpc.106.049320
278:
122:and all cell walls of
33:
24:
1487:Biomass and Bioenergy
1353:10.1104/pp.107.115576
1239:10.1104/pp.110.154971
919:Nature Communications
595:10.1104/pp.110.154237
452:10.1104/pp.110.163360
276:
106:consisting mainly of
30:
22:
736:Faik, Ahmed (2013),
372:converts xylan into
354:) microsomes. Jiang
307:Arabidopsis thaliana
295:glycosyltransferases
259:Xylooligosaccharides
178:Plant cell structure
1410:10.1104/pp.15.01777
939:10.1038/ncomms13902
931:2016NatCo...713902S
188:enzymatic digestion
114:, in the secondary
1153:10.1093/pcp/pcu140
542:10.1093/jxb/err339
279:
34:
25:
1042:Biomacromolecules
779:978-3-527-30999-3
707:10.1111/pbi.12292
352:Triticum aestivum
165:(GX) ii) neutral
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1573:
1537:
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1502:
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1475:
1474:
1457:(6): 1219–1227.
1446:
1440:
1439:
1429:
1404:(4): 1999–2023.
1398:Plant Physiology
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1341:Plant Physiology
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770:Handbook of pulp
765:
759:
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727:
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701:(9): 1224–1232.
692:
682:
676:
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642:(6): 1097–1110.
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583:Plant Physiology
574:
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440:Plant Physiology
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255:anti-nutritional
130:on Earth, after
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32:polysaccharides.
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1633:Polysaccharides
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148:polysaccharides
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44:
40:
17:
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5:
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1619:
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1575:
1532:
1504:
1476:
1441:
1384:
1327:
1290:(2): 549–563.
1284:The Plant Cell
1270:
1233:(2): 542–554.
1210:
1183:(1): 521–555.
1167:
1146:(2): 195–214.
1126:
1099:(4): 627–642.
1083:
1048:(2): 898–906.
1028:
991:(4): 440–452.
970:
905:
878:(2): 178–194.
861:
842:
818:
811:
785:
778:
760:
754:
728:
677:
626:
589:(2): 396–402.
564:
535:(2): 551–565.
515:
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483:
446:(1): 171–184.
426:
405:
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399:
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378:nutrient cycle
366:
363:
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270:
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211:
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176:
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163:glucuronoxylan
143:
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104:polysaccharide
15:
9:
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2:
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865:
858:(1): 230–232.
857:
853:
846:
832:
828:
822:
814:
812:9783540261124
808:
804:
800:
796:
795:Hemicellulose
789:
781:
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771:
764:
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755:9789400760516
751:
747:
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732:
724:
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329:
326:(At1g27440),
325:
322:(At4g36890),
321:
318:(At2g37090),
317:
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269:Crystallinity
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167:arabinoxylan
145:
36:
35:
1591:: 100–107.
1548:: 163–171.
397:naturally.
332:Arabidopsis
312:Arabidopsis
302:Arabidopsis
219:green algae
216:macrophytic
146:Xylans are
142:Composition
1627:Categories
836:2016-04-20
401:References
386:hydrolysis
324:irx10/gut2
283:polymorphs
173:Occurrence
128:biopolymer
116:cell walls
96:CAS number
1605:0958-1669
1562:0958-1669
1521:: 75–85.
1493:: 25–35.
1418:0032-0889
1361:0032-0889
1304:1040-4651
1247:0032-0889
1197:0066-4154
1078:230818554
1062:1525-7797
1005:2694-2461
947:2041-1723
900:205689400
656:0032-0935
603:0032-0889
551:0022-0957
460:0032-0889
365:Breakdown
360:in vitro.
263:prebiotic
239:red algae
235:cell wall
204:arabinose
196:softwoods
192:hardwoods
184:cell wall
132:cellulose
1613:24679265
1570:28915438
1471:22138412
1436:26917684
1379:18359844
1322:17322407
1265:20424005
1205:18518825
1162:25294860
1121:17501948
1113:23801299
1070:33410657
1023:35856073
965:28000667
892:21328111
715:25417596
672:13080720
664:21298285
621:20375115
559:22090441
478:21051553
392:Research
382:biofuels
370:Xylanase
334:mutants
293:Several
230:Bryopsis
1427:4825154
1370:2330321
1313:1867335
1256:2879767
1014:9284610
956:5187587
927:Bibcode
723:6171914
612:2879768
469:3075763
314:mutant
156:pentose
124:grasses
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344:parvus
342:, and
224:Codium
200:acetyl
152:xylose
136:chitin
120:dicots
112:plants
108:xylose
1117:S2CID
1074:S2CID
896:S2CID
719:S2CID
691:(PDF)
668:S2CID
356:et al
348:et al
320:irx14
214:Some
210:Algae
159:sugar
37:Xylan
1609:PMID
1601:ISSN
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599:ISSN
555:PMID
547:ISSN
474:PMID
456:ISSN
340:irx8
336:irx7
316:irx9
227:and
134:and
102:, a
1593:doi
1550:doi
1523:doi
1495:doi
1459:doi
1422:PMC
1406:doi
1402:170
1365:PMC
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1009:PMC
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